Working method of gangway ladder

Abstract

The invention discloses a working method of a gangway ladder, belongs to the field of gangway ladders, and solves the problems that an existing gangway ladder is large in occupied space and cannot meet the requirement for small-space placement of an airplane, and an operator needs to depend on airport facilities for use, so that the self-guarantee capacity of the airplane is poor, and the operation efficiency is low. A carriage mechanism moves along a guide rail. The pulley mechanism drives the gangway ladder mechanism to move along the sliding frame mechanism, when the sliding frame mechanism moves to the end of the guide rail, the gangway ladder mechanism moves to the end of the sliding frame mechanism, and the pulley mechanism drives the gangway ladder mechanism to rotate around the sliding frame mechanism, so that the gangway ladder mechanism is put on the ground or retracted into the sliding frame mechanism. When the gangway ladder mechanism rotates around the sliding frame mechanism, the handrail mechanism connected to the gangway ladder mechanism is unfolded or folded. The accommodation ladder can be subjected to complex folding and unfolding actions in a limited cabin space, the structural compactness is improved, the small-space placement requirement of an airplane is met, the self-guarantee capacity of the airplane is enhanced, the dependence of the airplane on airport facilities is reduced, and the operation efficiency of the airplane is improved.

Description

A method for operating a gangway Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gangway technology, and more particularly to a method for operating a gangway. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, aircraft in my country rely on ground-based boarding stairs or simple boarding stairs for passengers and maintenance personnel to board and disembark. The existing boarding stairs have cumbersome operating procedures and low levels of automation, requiring operators to rely on airport facilities. This not only results in poor aircraft self-sufficiency but also low operational efficiency. Furthermore, existing boarding stairs occupy a large amount of space, failing to meet the space requirements of aircraft. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method for operating a boarding ladder, which solves the problems that existing boarding ladders occupy a large space and cannot meet the needs of small aircraft spaces, and that existing boarding ladders require operators to rely on airport facilities, resulting in poor aircraft self-sufficiency and low operating efficiency.

[0004] This invention provides a method for operating a gangway, comprising: a slide mechanism moving along a guide rail; a trolley mechanism driving a gangway mechanism to move along the slide mechanism; when the slide mechanism moves to the end of the guide rail, the gangway mechanism moves to the end of the slide mechanism; the trolley mechanism driving the gangway mechanism to rotate around the slide mechanism, so that the gangway mechanism is placed on the ground or retracted into the slide mechanism; when the gangway mechanism rotates around the slide mechanism, the handrail mechanism connected to the gangway mechanism unfolds or folds.

[0005] In one possible implementation, the carriage mechanism moves along the guide rail, specifically by: starting a first motor, the first output end of the first motor driving a first gear shaft to rotate; the rotation of the first gear shaft driving a first gear to rotate, the first gear meshing with a rack at the bottom of the guide rail, thereby enabling the rotation of the first gear to drive the carriage mechanism to move along the guide rail.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the rotation of the first gear drives the carriage mechanism to move along the guide rail, specifically including: the rotation of the first gear drives the carriage to move along the guide rail; when the carriage moves, the front guide pulley rolls on the lower surface of the upper slide rail of the guide rail, the rear guide pulley rolls on the upper surface of the lower slide rail of the guide rail, the auxiliary pulley rolls on the lower surface of the lower slide rail, and the front limiting pulley rolls in the lower slide rail; when the carriage moves to a preset position, the first motor stops working, and the front limiting pulley engages with the limiting block in the lower slide rail, or the front guide pulley engages with the limiting block in the upper slide rail; both top limiting pulleys are located above the upper slide rail and are used to limit the position of the carriage in the direction perpendicular to the guide rail.

[0007] In one possible implementation, a trolley mechanism drives a gangway mechanism to move along the slide mechanism. When the slide mechanism moves to the end of the guide rail, the gangway mechanism moves to the end of the slide mechanism. The trolley mechanism then drives the gangway mechanism to rotate around the slide mechanism, allowing the gangway mechanism to be placed on the ground or retrieved into the slide mechanism. Specifically, this includes: the top ladder moving synchronously with the slide mechanism, and the upper ladder moving along the slide mechanism; the second output end of the first motor driving a drive shaft to rotate, and the drive shaft driving a ball screw to rotate via a first bevel gear set; when the ball screw rotates, it drives a nut holder threaded to it to slide linearly along one side of the slide mechanism; the nut holder drives a slider to slide along a guide groove inside the slide mechanism, and the slider is hinged to the nut holder; one end of the guide groove is set as an inclined section, and when the slider slides to the inclined section, it drives the upper ladder to rotate around the slide mechanism, allowing the upper ladder to be placed on the ground or retrieved into the slide mechanism.

[0008] In one possible implementation, as the slider slides along the guide groove, it drives the gangway pivot wheel and the gangway pivot auxiliary wheel to roll within the guide groove.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the rotation of the ball screw drives the inner ring of the bearing to rotate, the outer ring of the bearing is connected to a fixed seat, and the end of the fixed seat away from the ball screw is connected to the side wall of the carriage mechanism.

[0010] In one possible implementation, when the gangway mechanism rotates around the carriage mechanism, the handrail mechanism connected to the gangway mechanism unfolds or folds. Specifically, the handrail mechanism includes two handrail structures symmetrically installed on both sides of the upper ladder. Each handrail structure unfolds or folds through the coordinated action of a first connecting rod, a first handrail column, a transverse handrail, and a second handrail column. The first connecting rod, the first handrail column, the transverse handrail, and the second handrail column are sequentially connected to form a parallelogram linkage mechanism. When the slider slides to the inclined section of the guide groove, the slider drives the cam to rotate. The rotation of the cam drives the first connecting rod to rotate around its hinge point. The rotation of the first connecting rod causes the transverse handrail, the first handrail column, and the second handrail column to move synchronously, deforming the parallelogram linkage mechanism to achieve the unfolding or folding of the handrail mechanism. The unfolding or folding of the handrail mechanism is synchronized with the rotation of the upper ladder.

[0011] In one possible implementation, when the second end of the first connecting rod rotates, it drives the first rocker arm to rotate synchronously. The first rocker arm drives the second connecting rod to rotate, and the first rocker arm is rotatably connected to the second handrail column. When the end of the second connecting rod away from the first rocker arm rotates, it drives the second gear to rotate synchronously. The second end of the horizontal handrail is connected to a lower handrail, and the end of the lower handrail away from the horizontal handrail is connected to a first column. The end of the first column away from the lower handrail is connected to a lower ladder. The end of the second connecting rod away from the first rocker arm is connected to a second gear, and the second gear meshes with a lower ladder gear. The lower ladder gear is fixedly connected to the lower ladder. When the second gear rotates, it drives the lower ladder gear to rotate, thereby driving the lower ladder to rotate as a whole, realizing the unfolding or folding of the lower ladder.

[0012] In one possible implementation, when the lower ladder rotates, it drives the third link, the fourth link, and the second rocker arm to rotate synchronously; the first end of the third link is rotatably connected to the middle of the first handrail column, and the second end of the third link is hinged to the first end of the fourth link; the second end of the fourth link is hinged to the end of the first column away from the lower ladder via the second rocker arm.

[0013] In one possible implementation, an electric telescopic rod hinged to the first handrail post is activated, and the electric telescopic rod is controlled to extend and retract. When the electric telescopic rod extends and retracts, a limiting rod is driven to rotate around a second hinge through a first hinge member, so that a preset angle is formed between the limiting rod and the transverse handrail, and the second hinge member is connected to the transverse handrail.

[0014] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The embodiments of the present invention provide a method for operating a gangway, the method comprising the steps of: a slide mechanism moving along a guide rail; a trolley mechanism driving a gangway mechanism to move along the slide mechanism; when the slide mechanism moves to the end of the guide rail, the gangway mechanism moves to the end of the slide mechanism; the trolley mechanism driving the gangway mechanism to rotate around the slide mechanism, so that the gangway mechanism is placed on the ground or retracted into the slide mechanism; when the gangway mechanism rotates around the slide mechanism, the handrail mechanism connected to the gangway mechanism unfolds or folds. The method for operating a gangway provided in the embodiments of this application enables the gangway to perform complex folding and unfolding actions within a limited cabin space, increasing the structural compactness compared to traditional boarding stairs, adapting to the need for small space placement in aircraft, meeting the needs of convenient, efficient, safe, and comfortable travel in civil aviation, enhancing the aircraft's self-sufficiency, reducing the aircraft's dependence on airport facilities, and improving the aircraft's operational efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the working method of the gangway provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 2 is a control principle diagram of the gangway and hatch provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the gangway in the unfolded state provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the gangway in the folded state provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 5 is an enlarged view of section B in Figure 3; Figure 6 is an enlarged view of section C in Figure 3; Figure 7 is an enlarged view of section D in Figure 3; Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the gangway provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the gangway provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the guide rail and limiting block provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the gangway provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the gangway provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the handrail mechanism and lower ladder in the unfolded state provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 14 is a structural schematic diagram of the gangway provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 15 is an enlarged view of section A in Figure 14; Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the cam rotation structure provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the gangway mechanism and handrail mechanism provided in the embodiment of this application (I); Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the gangway mechanism and handrail mechanism provided in the embodiment of this application (II); Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second gear, the lower ladder gear, and the first rocker arm provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gangway extending out of the aircraft provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gangway being retracted into the aircraft provided in the embodiment of this application; Figure 22 is a diagram of the change in state of the gangway folded to fully unfolded provided in the embodiment of this application (I); Figure 23 is a diagram of the change in state of the gangway folded to fully unfolded provided in the embodiment of this application (II); Figure 24 is a diagram of the change in state of the gangway folded to fully unfolded provided in the embodiment of this application (III); Figure 25 is a diagram of the change in state of the gangway folded to fully unfolded provided in the embodiment of this application (IV); Figure 26 is a diagram of the change in state of the gangway folded to fully unfolded provided in the embodiment of this application (V).

[0017] Icons: 1-Gearbox; 2-Ball screw; 3-Gantry mechanism; 3a-Top ladder; 3b-Upper ladder; 3c-Lower ladder; 4-Slide; 4a-Guide groove; 4b-Connecting hole; 5-First bevel gear set; 6a-Bearing; 6b-Fixed seat; 7a-Front guide pulley; 7b-Rear guide pulley; 7c-Auxiliary pulley; 7d-Front limit pulley; 7e-Top limit pulley; 8a-Slider; 8b-Nut bracket; 8c-Gantry shaft wheel; 8d-Gantry shaft auxiliary wheel; 9-First gear shaft; 10-Drive shaft; 11-Guide rail; 12-Limit block; 13-First gear; 14-Support seat; 15- 16-Cam; 17-First handrail column; 18-Third link; 19-First link; 20-First rocker arm; 21-Second link; 22-Second gear; 23-Lower trapezoidal gear; 24-Second hinge; 25-First column; 26-Second rocker arm; 27-Lower handrail; 28-Fourth link; 29-Second handrail column; 30-Horizontal handrail; 31-Electric telescopic rod; 32-Limit rod; 33-First hinge; 34-Third hinge; 35-Rack; 36-Pin; 37-Cam trajectory control wheel; 38-Pulley mechanism; 39-Handrail mechanism; 40-Slide mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] As shown in Figures 1-26, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for operating a gangway, which includes the following steps: Step 101: The slide mechanism 40 moves along the guide rail 11. Specifically, the guide rail 11 is detachably connected to the aircraft body. As shown in Figure 3, the slide mechanism 40 includes a support base 14 and two slides 4. The support base 14 is installed between the two slides 4, and both slides 4 are slidably connected to the guide rail 11.

[0021] Step 102: The trolley mechanism 38 drives the gangway mechanism 3 to move along the carriage mechanism 40. When the carriage mechanism 40 moves to the end of the guide rail 11, the gangway mechanism 3 moves to the end of the carriage mechanism 40. The trolley mechanism 38 drives the gangway mechanism 3 to rotate around the carriage mechanism 40, so that the gangway mechanism 3 is placed on the ground or retracted into the carriage mechanism 40. As shown in Figure 3, the gangway mechanism 3 is placed on the ground; as shown in Figures 4 and 22, the gangway mechanism 3 is retracted into the carriage mechanism 40. Specifically, the gangway mechanism 3 is slidably connected to the carriage mechanism 40. The movement of the gangway mechanism 3 along the carriage mechanism 40 and the movement of the carriage mechanism 40 along the guide rail 11 are synchronized. When the carriage mechanism 40 moves to the end of the guide rail 11, the gangway mechanism 3 also moves to the end of the carriage mechanism 40.

[0022] Step 103: When the gangway mechanism 3 rotates around the carriage mechanism 40, the handrail mechanism 39 connected to the gangway mechanism 3 unfolds or folds.

[0023] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gangway unfolding to the ground. When the gangway is unfolded, after receiving the gangway unfolding command, the control mechanism controls the second motor to rotate forward. The forward rotation of the second motor drives the door actuator to open the door, and the indicator light illuminates at the same time. After the door is opened to the position, the first motor 15 rotates forward to drive the slide mechanism 40 to start moving along the guide rail 11. At the same time, the gangway mechanism 3 moves along the slide mechanism 40. When the gangway mechanism 3 moves to the end of the slide mechanism 40, the trolley mechanism 38 drives the gangway mechanism 3 to rotate around the slide mechanism 40, so that the gangway mechanism 3 accelerates out. After sliding a distance, it slowly slides out and is placed on the ground and unfolded. When the gangway mechanism 3 rotates around the slide mechanism 40, the handrail mechanism 39 connected to the gangway mechanism 3 gradually unfolds. After the gangway mechanism 3 and the handrail mechanism 39 are fully unfolded, they stop moving, and the step lights and the gangway in use indicator light illuminate. The operator completes the docking of the handrail mechanism 39 with the aircraft mechanical interface.

[0024] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure for retracting the gangway into the aircraft. During gangway retraction, the operator first separates the handrail mechanism 39 from the aircraft mechanical interface, selects the switch to retract the gangway mechanism 3, turns off the step lights, and illuminates the "Operating" indicator light. The first motor 15 reverses to drive the slide mechanism 40 to start moving along the guide rail 11. At the same time, the gangway mechanism 3 moves along the slide mechanism 40. When the gangway mechanism 3 moves to the end of the slide mechanism 40, the trolley mechanism 38 drives the gangway mechanism 3 to rotate around the slide mechanism 40, so that the gangway mechanism 3 is retracted into the slide mechanism 40. When the gangway mechanism 3 rotates around the slide mechanism 40, the handrail mechanism 39 connected to the gangway mechanism 3 folds. The control mechanism controls the second motor to reverse, and the second motor reverses to drive the door actuator to close the door. The working method of the boarding stairs provided in this application embodiment enables the boarding stairs to perform complex folding and unfolding actions within the limited cabin space. Compared with traditional boarding stairs, it increases the compactness of the structure, adapts to the needs of small space placement in aircraft, meets the needs of convenient, efficient, safe and comfortable travel in civil aviation, enhances the self-support capability of aircraft, reduces the dependence of aircraft on airport facilities, and improves the operating efficiency of aircraft.

[0025] The electrical control principle of the gangway and cabin door is shown in Figure 2. The gangway electrical control system mainly consists of an airborne information interaction system, a control system, a drive device, an information processing system, and a signal indication system. Through information interaction with the airborne system, the gangway can be controlled by both the cockpit and the ground with a one-button control. The gangway electrical control system interacts with the airborne system via bus transmission according to the interface protocol of the aircraft avionics system to determine the prerequisites for the extension of the gangway mechanism 3. The cockpit issues an extension command to complete the extension and unfolding of the gangway mechanism 3. The gangway mechanism 3 is retracted by the ground with a one-button control, thereby realizing the automatic folding and retraction of the gangway under the aircraft floor or the one-button extension to the outside of the aircraft for personnel to board and disembark.

[0026] This invention provides a method for operating a gangway, comprising the following steps: a slide mechanism 40 moves along a guide rail 11. A trolley mechanism 38 drives a gangway mechanism 3 to move along the slide mechanism 40. When the slide mechanism 40 moves to the end of the guide rail 11, the gangway mechanism 3 moves to the end of the slide mechanism 40. The trolley mechanism 38 drives the gangway mechanism 3 to rotate around the slide mechanism 40, so that the gangway mechanism 3 is placed on the ground or retracted into the slide mechanism 40. When the slide mechanism 40 rotates, the handrail mechanism 39 connected to the gangway mechanism 3 unfolds or folds. Specifically, the guide rail 11 is detachably connected to the aircraft body, the slide mechanism 40 is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide rail 11, and the gangway mechanism 3 is disposed on the inner side of the slide mechanism 40. One end of the trolley mechanism 38 is connected to a drive mechanism, the two sides of the middle part of the trolley mechanism 38 are respectively connected to the slide mechanism 40 and the gangway mechanism 3, and the other end of the trolley mechanism 38 is connected to the handrail mechanism 39. The handrail mechanism 39 is connected to the gangway mechanism 3. The working method of the boarding stairs provided in this application embodiment enables the boarding stairs to perform complex folding and unfolding actions within the limited cabin space. Compared with traditional boarding stairs, it increases the structural compactness, adapts to the space requirements of aircraft, meets the needs of convenient, efficient, safe and comfortable travel in civil aviation, enhances the aircraft's self-sufficiency, reduces the aircraft's dependence on airport facilities, and improves the aircraft's operational efficiency. At the same time, this application can solve the problem of the complex spatial movement trajectory requirements of the boarding stairs, improving the reliability and adaptability of the boarding stairs.

[0027] As shown in Figures 3-26, the first motor 15 is mounted on the lower surface of the support base 14. The first output end of the first motor 15 is connected to the first gear shaft 9, and the end of the first gear shaft 9 opposite to the first motor 15 is rotatably connected to the connecting hole 4b on the slide 4. The rack 35 is connected to the bottom of the guide rail 11, and the first gear 13 is connected to the first gear shaft 9, and the first gear 13 meshes with the rack 35. The gearbox 1 is mounted on the output end of the first motor 15. The gearbox 1 is a dual-shaft gearbox. The first output shaft of the gearbox 1 is connected to the first gear shaft 9, and the second output shaft of the gearbox 1 is connected to the drive shaft 10. The front guide pulley 7a, the rear guide pulley 7b, the auxiliary pulley 7c, the front limit pulley 7d, and the two top limit pulleys 7e are all rotatably connected to the slide 4. The guide rail 11 includes two slide rails, each of which is detachably connected to the aircraft body. The slide rails have an upper slide rail and a lower slide rail inside. The second output end of the first motor 15 is connected to the transmission shaft 10, the end of the transmission shaft 10 opposite to the first motor 15 is connected to the input end of the first bevel gear set 5, and the output end of the first bevel gear set 5 is connected to the ball screw 2.

[0028] The trolley mechanism 38 includes a slider 8a, a nut bracket 8b, a gangway pivot wheel 8c, and a gangway pivot auxiliary wheel 8d. The nut bracket 8b is threadedly connected to the ball screw 2; the slider 8a is hinged to the upper surface of the nut bracket 8b, and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide 4, with the end of the slider 8a away from the slide 4 connected to the upper ladder 3b. The first end of the gangway pivot wheel 8c is rotatably connected to the side of the slider 8a near the slide 4, and the second end of the gangway pivot wheel 8c is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide 4. The first end of the gangway pivot auxiliary wheel 8d is rotatably connected to the side of the slider 8a near the slide 4, and the second end of the gangway pivot auxiliary wheel 8d is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide 4. The inner ring of the bearing 6a is connected to the ball screw 2, and the outer ring of the bearing 6a is connected to the fixed seat 6b, with the end of the fixed seat 6b away from the ball screw 2 connected to the inner wall of the slide 4.

[0029] The handrail mechanism 39 includes two handrail structures symmetrically installed on both sides of the upper ladder 3b. Each handrail structure includes a cam 16, a first handrail column 17, a third link 18, a first link 19, a first rocker arm 20, a second link 21, a second gear 22, a lower ladder gear 23, a second hinge 24, a first column 25, a second rocker arm 26, a lower handrail 27, a fourth link 28, a second handrail column 29, and a transverse handrail 30. The outer end of the cam 16 is hinged to the first link 19, and the end of the first link 19 away from the cam 16 is hinged to the second handrail column 29. The end of the second handrail column 29 away from the first link 19 is hinged to the transverse handrail 30, and the end of the transverse handrail 30 away from the second handrail column 29 is hinged to the first handrail column 17. The end of the first handrail column 17 away from the transverse handrail 30 is hinged to the outer top of the top ladder 3a. A first rocker arm 20 is mounted on the end of the first connecting rod 19 away from the cam 16; a second connecting rod 21 is hinged to the end of the first rocker arm 20 away from the first connecting rod 19, and a second gear 22 is connected to the end of the second connecting rod 21 away from the first rocker arm 20. The end of the second gear 22 away from the second connecting rod 21 meshes with a lower ladder gear 23, and the end of the lower ladder gear 23 away from the second gear 22 is fixedly connected to a lower ladder 3c. A lower handrail 27 is hinged to the side of the second handrail column 29 away from the transverse handrail 30, and the end of the lower handrail 27 away from the second handrail column 29 is hinged to a first column 25. The end of the first column 25 away from the lower handrail 27 is rotatably connected to the lower ladder 3c. The electric telescopic rod 31 is hinged to the upper end of the first handrail column 17 via the third hinge 34, and the third hinge 34 is installed on the side of the first handrail column 17 near the guide rail 11; one end of the limiting rod 32 is hinged to the transverse handrail 30 via the second hinge 24, and the other end is hinged to the electric telescopic rod 31 via the first hinge 33. Specifically, when the ball screw 2 rotates, it drives the slider 8a to slide along the guide groove 4a. During the movement, the slider 8a passes through the inclined section of the guide groove 4a. At this time, the cam 16 will rotate. The rotation of the cam 16 pulls the first connecting rod 19. When the first connecting rod 19 is pulled, it drives the second gear 22 to rotate. When the second gear 22 rotates, it drives the lower ladder 3c to rotate through the lower ladder gear 23, thereby completing the flipping of the lower ladder 3c. Since the lower ladder 3c is hinged to the first column 25 and the first handrail column 17 is hinged to the top outer side of the top ladder 3a, a continuous folding effect is achieved, thereby completing the folding and storage of the gangway mechanism 3 and the handrail mechanism 39, and driving the gangway mechanism 3 and the handrail mechanism 39 into the interior of the aircraft.

[0030] The carriage mechanism 40 moves along the guide rail 11, specifically by: starting the first motor 15, the first output end of the first motor 15 driving the first gear shaft 9 to rotate. The rotation of the first gear shaft 9 drives the first gear 13 to rotate, and the first gear 13 meshes with the rack 35 at the bottom of the guide rail 11, thereby realizing that the rotation of the first gear 13 drives the carriage mechanism 40 to move along the guide rail 11.

[0031] As shown in Figure 11, starting the first motor 15 drives the gearbox 1 to drive the first gear shaft 9 to rotate, and the rotation of the first gear shaft 9 drives the first gear 13 to rotate.

[0032] As shown in Figures 3, 7, 8, 9, and 10, the rotation of the first gear 13 drives the slide mechanism 40 to move along the guide rail 11. Specifically, the rotation of the first gear 13 drives the slide 4 to move along the guide rail 11. The outer side of the slide 4 is rotatably connected to a front guide pulley 7a, a rear guide pulley 7b, an auxiliary pulley 7c, a front limit pulley 7d, and two top limit pulleys 7e. When the slide 4 moves, the front guide pulley 7a rolls on the lower surface of the upper slide of the guide rail 11, the rear guide pulley 7b rolls on the upper surface of the lower slide of the guide rail 11, the auxiliary pulley 7c rolls on the lower surface of the lower slide, and the front limit pulley 7d rolls within the lower slide. When the slide 4 moves to a preset position, the first motor 15 stops working, and the front limit pulley 7d engages with the first limit block 12a within the lower slide, or the front guide pulley 7a engages with the second limit block 12b within the upper slide. The front guide pulley 7a rolls on the lower surface of the upper slide of the guide rail 11 and is the main load-bearing pulley. The rear guide pulley 7b rolls on the upper surface of the lower slide of the guide rail 11. As the gangway mechanism 3 extends and the center of gravity moves forward, the force gradually increases, which can balance the gravity when the gangway mechanism 3 is not in contact with the ground. The auxiliary pulley 7c rolls on the lower surface of the lower slide, which can ensure the balance of the gangway mechanism 3 throughout the entire movement process, and at the same time ensure the meshing clearance of the first gear 13 and the rack 35, ensuring that the first gear 13 will not jam when it moves. The front limit pulley 7d is located below the front guide pulley 7a and rolls in the lower slide. When the slide 4 moves to the preset position and the gangway mechanism 3 unfolds, the first motor 15 stops working, and the front limit pulley 7d docks with the first limit block 12a in the lower slide. When the slide 4 moves to the preset position and the gangway mechanism 3 folds, the front guide pulley 7a docks with the second limit block 12b in the upper slide.

[0033] Referring to Figures 8 and 9, both top limiting pulleys 7e are located above the upper slide rail and are used to limit the position of the carriage 4 in the direction perpendicular to the guide rail 11. As shown in Figure 10, the upper surfaces of both top limiting pulleys 7e abut against the top of the inner wall of the upper slide rail. The two top limiting pulleys 7e can limit the position of the carriage 4 in the direction perpendicular to the guide rail 11, ensuring that the carriage 4 moves smoothly within the guide rail 11.

[0034] In practical applications, the front guide pulley 7a, rear guide pulley 7b, auxiliary pulley 7c, front limiting pulley 7d, and two top limiting pulleys 7e constitute a pulley group. The gangway mechanism 3 has four states: horizontal movement, placement on the ground, retraction into the carriage mechanism 40 without grounding, and unfolding without grounding. The center of gravity of the gangway will change according to the different states of the gangway mechanism 3. The pulley group will adjust the state of the carriage 4 and the gangway mechanism 3 in a timely manner according to the change of the center of gravity so that the gangway is always in a balanced state. The pulley group provides motion guidance for the carriage 4 and has the functions of bearing force, ensuring motion balance, smooth and non-jamming, and limiting, ensuring the smooth movement of the carriage 4 and the gangway mechanism 3 within the guide rail 11.

[0035] As shown in Figures 3, 13, and 14, the trolley mechanism 38 drives the gangway mechanism 3 to move along the carriage mechanism 40. When the carriage mechanism 40 moves to the end of the guide rail 11, the gangway mechanism 3 moves to the end of the carriage mechanism 40. The trolley mechanism 38 drives the gangway mechanism 3 to rotate around the carriage mechanism 40, so that the gangway mechanism 3 is placed on the ground or retracted into the carriage mechanism 40. Specifically, the gangway mechanism 3 includes a top ladder 3a and an upper ladder 3b. The top ladder 3a is connected to the carriage 4. During operation, the top ladder 3a moves synchronously with the carriage mechanism 40. The second output end of the first motor 15 drives the transmission shaft 10 to rotate. The transmission shaft 10 drives the ball screw 2 to rotate through the first bevel gear set 5.

[0036] When the ball screw 2 rotates, it uses its external thread to cooperate with the nut holder 8b, which drives the nut holder 8b to slide linearly along one side of the slide mechanism 40.

[0037] The nut bracket 8b drives the slider 8a to slide along the guide groove 4a inside the slide mechanism 40, and the slider 8a is hinged to the nut bracket 8b. One end of the guide groove 4a is set as an inclined section. When the slider 8a slides to the inclined section, the guide effect of the inclined section on the slider 8a drives the upper ladder 3b to rotate around the slide mechanism 40, so that the upper ladder 3b can be placed on the ground or retrieved into the slide mechanism 40. Specifically, one end of the guide groove 4a is set as an inclined section, which can guide the slider 8a, thereby guiding the upper ladder 3b so that the upper ladder 3b can be placed on the ground or retrieved into the slide mechanism 40.

[0038] As shown in Figures 11-12, when the slider 8a slides along the guide groove 4a, it drives the gangway pivot wheel 8c and the gangway pivot auxiliary wheel 8d to roll within the guide groove 4a. In practical applications, both the gangway pivot wheel 8c and the gangway pivot auxiliary wheel 8d are rotatably connected to the side of the slider 8a closest to the carriage 4, and both are slidably connected to the guide groove 4a. Specifically, the gangway pivot wheel 8c and the gangway pivot auxiliary wheel 8d can restrict the sliding path of the carriage 4, preventing the carriage 4 from deviating during translation or rotation, thereby improving the stability and safety of the gangway mechanism 3.

[0039] As shown in Figures 11, 14, and 15, the rotation of the ball screw 2 drives the inner ring of the bearing 6a to rotate. The outer ring of the bearing 6a is connected to the fixed seat 6b, and the end of the fixed seat 6b away from the ball screw 2 is connected to the side wall of the carriage mechanism 40. In practical applications, the ball screw 2 is supported by the bearing 6a and the fixed seat 6b to improve the stability of the ball screw 2 during use.

[0040] As shown in Figures 3 and 13, when the gangway mechanism 3 rotates around the slide mechanism 40, the handrail mechanism 39 connected to the gangway mechanism 3 unfolds or folds. Specifically, the handrail mechanism 39 includes two handrail structures symmetrically installed on both sides of the upper ladder 3b. Each handrail structure unfolds or folds through the coordinated action of the first connecting rod 19, the first handrail column 17, the transverse handrail 30, and the second handrail column 29. The first connecting rod 19, the first handrail column 17, the transverse handrail 30, and the second handrail column 29 are sequentially connected to form a parallelogram linkage mechanism (as shown in Figure 17). When the slider 8a slides to the inclined section of the guide groove 4a, the slider 8a drives the cam 16 to rotate, and the rotation of the cam 16 drives the first connecting rod 19 to rotate around its hinge point. The rotation of the first connecting rod 19 causes the horizontal handrail 30, the first handrail column 17, and the second handrail column 29 to move synchronously, deforming the parallelogram linkage mechanism to realize the unfolding or folding of the handrail mechanism 39. The unfolding or folding of the handrail mechanism 39 is synchronized with the rotation of the upper ladder 3b. As shown in Figure 13, a groove is provided on the cam 16, and a pin 36 is fixed on the slider 8a. The end of the pin 36 away from the slider 8a is connected to the groove. When the nut bracket 8b drives the slider 8a to slide, the slider 8a drives the cam 16 to rotate through the pin 36.

[0041] As shown in Figure 16, the slider 8a drives the cam 16 to rotate. Under the constraint of the cam trajectory control wheel 37, the cam 16 moves along the cam drive trajectory (green curve in Figure 16), thereby outputting the rotational displacement of the cam 16 through the first connecting rod 19 to drive the lower ladder 3c and the handrail mechanism 39, thus realizing the conversion of the horizontal movement of the gangway to the rotational movement.

[0042] As shown in Figures 3 and 13, when the second end of the first connecting rod 19 rotates, it drives the first rocker arm 20 to rotate synchronously. The first rocker arm 20 drives the second connecting rod 21 to rotate, and the first rocker arm 20 is rotatably connected to the second handrail column 29. When the end of the second connecting rod 21 away from the first rocker arm 20 rotates, it drives the second gear 22 to rotate synchronously. The second end of the transverse handrail 30 is connected to the lower handrail 27. The end of the lower handrail 27 away from the transverse handrail 30 is connected to the first column 25. The end of the first column 25 away from the lower handrail 27 is connected to the lower ladder 3c. The end of the second connecting rod 21 away from the first rocker arm 20 is connected to the second gear 22. The second gear 22 meshes with the lower ladder gear 23. The lower ladder gear 23 is fixedly connected to the lower ladder 3c. When the second gear 22 rotates, it drives the lower ladder gear 23 to rotate, thereby driving the lower ladder 3c to rotate as a whole, realizing the unfolding or folding of the lower ladder 3c. As shown in Figure 18, the second link 21, the second handrail column 29, the lower handrail 27, the first column 25, and the lower ladder 3c are connected in sequence to form a pentagonal linkage mechanism. Through the swing of the second handrail column 29 and the simultaneous action of the two driving forces between the second gear 22 and the lower ladder gear 23, the lower handrail 27, the first column 25, and the lower ladder 3c can be folded or unfolded along a certain trajectory.

[0043] As shown in Figure 19, the second gear 22 and the lower ladder gear 23 drive the lower ladder 3c to rotate 180°. The second gear 22 is the driving gear, and the lower ladder gear 23 is the driven gear. The rotation center of the second gear 22 is connected to the upper ladder 3b. Specifically, the rotation center of the second gear 22 and the upper ladder 3b are connected to a rotating shaft. The lower ladder gear 23 is fixed to the lower ladder 3c, so that the second gear 22 drives the lower ladder gear 23 to rotate, thereby causing the lower ladder 3c to rotate as a whole. That is, the cam 16 drives the first connecting rod 19 to rotate, the first connecting rod 19 drives the second gear 22 to rotate, and the second gear 22 drives the lower ladder gear 23 to rotate, thereby realizing the unfolding or folding of the lower ladder 3c.

[0044] The deployment process of the gangway is shown in Figures 22-26. When the gangway is in operation, the first motor 15 is activated. The first motor 15 drives the gearbox 1 to rotate the first gear shaft 9 and the transmission shaft 10. The rotation of the first gear shaft 9 drives the first gear 13 to rotate, which in turn moves the slide mechanism 40 along the guide rail 11. The transmission shaft 10 drives the ball screw 2 to rotate via the first bevel gear set 5. The rotation of the ball screw 2 drives the nut bracket 8b to slide along one side of the slide mechanism 40. The nut bracket 8b drives the slider 8a to slide along the guide groove 4a. When the slider 8a slides to the inclined section of the guide groove 4a, it drives the upper ladder 3b to rotate around the slide mechanism 40, thereby unfolding or folding the upper ladder 3b. Additionally, when the slider 8a slides to the inclined section of the guide groove 4a, it drives the cam 16 to rotate. The rotation of the cam 16 drives the first connecting rod 19 to rotate around its hinge point. The rotation of the first connecting rod 19 drives the first handrail column. 17. The horizontal handrail 30 and the second handrail column 29 move synchronously, causing the parallelogram linkage mechanism to deform, thereby enabling the handrail mechanism 39 to unfold or fold. At the same time, the first link 19 rotates, driving the first rocker arm 20 to rotate synchronously. The first rocker arm 20 drives the second link 21 to rotate, and the second link 21 rotates, driving the second gear 22 to rotate synchronously. When the second gear 22 rotates, it drives the lower ladder gear 23 to rotate, thereby driving the lower ladder 3c to rotate as a whole, thus enabling the lower ladder 3c to unfold or fold, thereby placing the lower ladder 3c on the ground (as shown in Figure 1) or retracting it into the slide mechanism 40 (as shown in Figure 4). That is, this application can control the gangway mechanism 3 to slide out from the inside of the aircraft (as shown in Figure 20), unfold the handrail mechanism 39 while unfolding the upper ladder 3b and the lower ladder 3c, and fold the handrail mechanism 39 and store the gangway mechanism 3 inside the aircraft while folding the upper ladder 3b and the lower ladder 3c (as shown in Figure 21). This application enables complex folding and unfolding operations within the limited space of an aircraft cabin, increasing structural compactness compared to traditional boarding stairs, adapting to the needs of small-space placement, meeting the convenient, efficient, safe, and comfortable travel requirements of civil aviation, enhancing the aircraft's self-sufficiency, reducing the aircraft's dependence on airport facilities, and improving the aircraft's operational efficiency. In addition, the boarding stairs mechanism 3 of this application can adaptively adjust the height of the bottom of the boarding stairs mechanism 3 and the angle with the ground according to the height of the ground above the boarding door, thus making it applicable to different aircraft models, enhancing the versatility and flexibility of the boarding stairs, and expanding the application range of the boarding stairs. At the same time, this application can improve the safety and accuracy of the operation of the boarding stairs mechanism 3.

[0045] As shown in Figure 13, when the lower ladder 3c rotates, it drives the third link 18, the fourth link 28, and the second rocker arm 26 to rotate synchronously. The first end of the third link 18 is rotatably connected to the middle of the first handrail column 17, and the second end of the third link 18 is hinged to the first end of the fourth link 28. The second end of the fourth link 28 is hinged to the end of the first column 25 away from the lower ladder 3c through the second rocker arm 26. In practical applications, installing the third link 18 and the fourth link 28 in the middle of the handrail structure can divide the interior of the handrail structure, thereby reducing the internal gaps in the handrail structure and preventing passengers from falling through the gaps in the handrail structure when boarding, thus improving the protective effect of the handrail mechanism 39 and reducing the risk during the operation of the gangway.

[0046] As shown in Figures 3, 5, and 6, the electric telescopic rod 31, hinged to the first handrail column 17, is activated to control its extension and retraction. During extension and retraction, the first hinge 33 drives the limiting rod 32 to rotate around the second hinge 24, creating a preset angle between the limiting rod 32 and the transverse handrail 30. The second hinge 24 is connected to the transverse handrail 30. In practical applications, by controlling the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rod 31, the angle between the limiting rod 32 and the transverse handrail 30 is adjusted. When the angle is adjusted to the preset angle, the end of the limiting rod 32 near the guide rail 11 abuts against the outer surface of the cabin, thereby sealing the gap between the handrail mechanism 39 and the cabin through the electric telescopic rod 31 and the limiting rod 32, thus preventing passengers from falling through the gap between the handrail mechanism 39 and the cabin.

[0047] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A method for operating a gangway, characterized in that, include: The carriage mechanism (40) moves along the guide rail (11); the trolley mechanism (38) drives the gangway mechanism (3) to move along the carriage mechanism (40). When the carriage mechanism (40) moves to the end of the guide rail (11), the gangway mechanism (3) moves to the end of the carriage mechanism (40). The trolley mechanism (38) drives the gangway mechanism (3) to rotate around the carriage mechanism (40) so that the gangway mechanism (3) is placed on the ground or retracted into the carriage mechanism (40). When the gangway mechanism (3) rotates around the carriage mechanism (40), the handrail mechanism (39) connected to the gangway mechanism (3) unfolds or folds.

2. The method for operating the gangway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide mechanism (40) moves along the guide rail (11), specifically including: starting the first motor (15), the first output end of the first motor (15) drives the first gear shaft (9) to rotate; the rotation of the first gear shaft (9) drives the first gear (13) to rotate, the first gear (13) meshes with the rack (35) at the bottom of the guide rail (11), thereby realizing that the rotation of the first gear (13) drives the slide mechanism (40) to move along the guide rail (11).

3. The method for operating the gangway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first gear (13) rotates, driving the slide mechanism (40) to move along the guide rail (11). Specifically, the first gear (13) rotates to drive the slide (4) to move along the guide rail (11); when the slide (4) moves, the front guide pulley (7a) rolls on the lower surface of the upper slide of the guide rail (11), the rear guide pulley (7b) rolls on the upper surface of the lower slide of the guide rail (11), and the auxiliary pulley (7c) rolls on the lower surface of the lower slide. The front limiting pulley (7d) rolls in the lower slide rail; when the carriage (4) moves to the preset position, the first motor (15) stops working, the front limiting pulley (7d) docks with the limiting block (12) in the lower slide rail, or the front guide pulley (7a) docks with the limiting block (12) in the upper slide rail; both top limiting pulleys (7e) are located above the upper slide rail, used to limit the position of the carriage (4) in the direction perpendicular to the guide rail (11).

4. The method for operating the gangway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The trolley mechanism (38) drives the gangway mechanism (3) to move along the carriage mechanism (40). When the carriage mechanism (40) moves to the end of the guide rail (11), the gangway mechanism (3) moves to the end of the carriage mechanism (40). The trolley mechanism (38) drives the gangway mechanism (3) to rotate around the carriage mechanism (40) so that the gangway mechanism (3) is placed on the ground or retracted into the carriage mechanism (40). Specifically, the top ladder (3a) moves synchronously with the carriage mechanism (40), and the upper ladder (3b) moves along the carriage mechanism (40). The second output end of the first motor (15) drives the transmission shaft (10) to rotate. The moving shaft (10) drives the ball screw (2) to rotate through the first bevel gear set (5); when the ball screw (2) rotates, it drives the nut frame (8b) connected to it to slide linearly along one side of the slide mechanism (40); the nut frame (8b) drives the slider (8a) to slide along the guide groove (4a) inside the slide mechanism (40), and the slider (8a) is hinged to the nut frame (8b); one end of the guide groove (4a) is set as an inclined section, and when the slider (8a) slides to the inclined section, it drives the upper ladder (3b) to rotate around the slide mechanism (40) so that the upper ladder (3b) can be placed on the ground or retrieved into the slide mechanism (40).

5. The method for operating the gangway according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the slider (8a) slides along the guide groove (4a), it drives the gangway pivot wheel (8c) and the gangway pivot auxiliary wheel (8d) to roll in the guide groove (4a).

6. The method for operating the gangway according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotation of the ball screw (2) drives the inner ring of the bearing (6a) to rotate. The outer ring of the bearing (6a) is connected to the fixed seat (6b). The end of the fixed seat (6b) away from the ball screw (2) is connected to the side wall of the slide mechanism (40).

7. The method for operating the gangway according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the gangway mechanism (3) rotates around the slide mechanism (40), the handrail mechanism (39) connected to the gangway mechanism (3) unfolds or folds. Specifically, the handrail mechanism (39) includes two handrail structures symmetrically installed on both sides of the upper ladder (3b). Each handrail structure unfolds or folds through the coordinated action of the first connecting rod (19), the first handrail column (17), the transverse handrail (30), and the second handrail column (29). The first connecting rod (19), the first handrail column (17), the transverse handrail (30), and the second handrail column (29) are connected in sequence to form a flat surface. Parallelogram linkage mechanism; when the slider (8a) slides to the inclined section of the guide groove (4a), the slider (8a) drives the cam (16) to rotate, and the rotation of the cam (16) drives the first link (19) to rotate around its hinge point; the rotation of the first link (19) drives the horizontal handrail (30), the first handrail column (17) and the second handrail column (29) to move synchronously, so as to deform the parallelogram linkage mechanism to realize the unfolding or folding of the handrail mechanism (39), and the unfolding or folding of the handrail mechanism (39) is synchronized with the rotation of the upper ladder (3b).

8. The method for operating the gangway according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the second end of the first connecting rod (19) rotates, it drives the first rocker arm (20) to rotate synchronously. The first rocker arm (20) drives the second connecting rod (21) to rotate, and the first rocker arm (20) is rotatably connected to the second handrail column (29). When the end of the second connecting rod (21) away from the first rocker arm (20) rotates, it drives the second gear (22) to rotate synchronously. The second end of the horizontal handrail (30) is connected to the lower handrail (27), and the end of the lower handrail (27) away from the horizontal handrail (30) is connected to the first column (25). The end of the first column (25) away from the lower handrail (27) is connected to the lower ladder (3c); the end of the second connecting rod (21) away from the first rocker arm (20) is connected to a second gear (22), the second gear (22) meshes with the lower ladder gear (23), the lower ladder gear (23) is fixedly connected to the lower ladder (3c), when the second gear (22) rotates, it drives the lower ladder gear (23) to rotate, thereby driving the lower ladder (3c) to rotate as a whole, so as to realize the unfolding or folding of the lower ladder (3c).

9. The method for operating the gangway according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the lower ladder (3c) rotates, it drives the third link (18), the fourth link (28) and the second rocker arm (26) to rotate synchronously; the first end of the third link (18) is rotatably connected to the middle of the first handrail column (17), and the second end of the third link (18) is hinged to the first end of the fourth link (28); the second end of the fourth link (28) is hinged to the end of the first column (25) away from the lower ladder (3c) through the second rocker arm (26).

10. The method for operating the gangway according to claim 7, characterized in that, Start the electric telescopic rod (31) that is hinged to the first handrail column (17) and control the extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rod (31); when the electric telescopic rod (31) extends and retracts, the first hinge (33) drives the limiting rod (32) to rotate around the second hinge (24) so ​​that the limiting rod (32) and the horizontal handrail (30) form a preset angle, and the second hinge (24) is connected to the horizontal handrail (30).

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