High-gloss ABS composite material and preparation method thereof
By modifying the surface of antimony pentoxide with a silver nanolayer, the problem of decreased gloss in ABS composites after the addition of flame retardants was solved, achieving a synergistic improvement in high gloss and mechanical properties.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
Adding flame retardants to ABS composite materials improves their flame retardant properties but reduces their gloss, making it difficult to improve mechanical properties while maintaining high gloss.
By modifying the surface of antimony pentoxide with a silver nanolayer, a modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant is formed, which is then combined with ABS resin, PBT resin, compatibilizer, stabilizer, lubricant, etc., to prepare a high-gloss ABS composite material.
This approach achieves improved flame retardant properties while maintaining or enhancing the surface gloss and mechanical properties of the material, avoiding the negative impact on mechanical properties caused by using silver nanoparticles alone.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of ABS material technology, and in particular to a high-gloss ABS composite material and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] ABS material is a thermoplastic polymer formed by copolymerizing acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. Acrylonitrile monomers impart high chemical resistance and thermal stability to ABS resin, butadiene monomers improve its toughness, elasticity, and impact resistance, while styrene monomers enhance its processing flow and surface gloss. Furthermore, to further improve the performance of ABS materials, it can be blended, filled, or reinforced with other polymers to form composite materials, such as ABS / PC alloys with polycarbonate, ABS / PA alloys with nylon, and ABS / PET alloys with polybutylene terephthalate.
[0003] ABS composite materials are widely used in automotive dashboards, bumpers, electronic and electrical housings, building materials, and household appliances due to their excellent mechanical strength, dimensional stability, ease of processing, and secondary processing capabilities such as electroplating and coating. However, ABS material itself has extremely low flame retardancy, with an oxygen index of only 18-20, classifying it as a flammable material. This significantly restricts the industrial application of ABS composite materials. Currently, adding flame retardants to ABS composite materials is the most mature and effective method. However, flame retardants have a certain degree of matting effect. When flame retardants are filled into the composite material, they not only reduce the mechanical properties of the composite material but also cause a decrease in the gloss of the ABS composite surface. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a solution to improve these problems. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-gloss ABS composite material and its preparation method. By modifying the surface of antimony pentoxide with a silver nanolayer, the flame retardant properties and surface gloss of the composite material can be synergistically improved.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-gloss ABS composite material, comprising, by weight: 80-90 parts ABS resin, 10-20 parts PBT resin, 5-15 parts brominated flame retardant, 3-5 parts compatibilizer, 1-3 parts modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant additive, 1-2 parts stabilizer, and 0.5-1 parts lubricant; wherein the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant additive includes antimony pentoxide particles and a silver nanolayer grown in situ on the surface of the antimony pentoxide particles.
[0006] Optionally, the preparation method of the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant includes: mixing nano-antimony pentoxide in a stannous chloride solution and then separating it to obtain sensitized particles; mixing the sensitized particles in a palladium chloride solution and then separating it to obtain active particles; dispersing the active particles in a silver ammonia solution, stirring and reacting them under the action of a reducing agent, and then separating them to obtain the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant.
[0007] Optionally, the average particle size of the nano-antimony pentoxide is 50nm-200nm; and / or, the solid-liquid ratio of the nano-antimony pentoxide to the stannous chloride solution is 0.02g / mL-0.1g / mL; and / or, the mass ratio of tin ions in the nano-antimony pentoxide to the stannous chloride solution is 1:(0.05-0.2); and / or, the pH of the stannous chloride solution is 1-2.
[0008] Optionally, the solid-liquid ratio of the sensitized particles to the palladium chloride solution is 0.01 g / mL to 0.5 g / mL; and / or, the mass ratio of the sensitized particles to palladium ions in the palladium chloride solution is 1:(0.01 - 0.05); and / or, the pH of the palladium chloride solution is 1-3; and / or, the mixing is carried out in the palladium chloride solution for 10 min to 30 min; and / or, the mixing is carried out in the palladium chloride solution at 20℃ to 40℃.
[0009] Optionally, the concentration of silver ions in the silver ammonia solution is 0.02 mol / L-0.1 mol / L; and / or, the concentration of ammonia in the silver ammonia solution is 0.5 mol / L-2 mol / L; and / or, the solid-liquid ratio of the active particles to the silver ammonia solution is 5 mg / mL-20 mg / mL; and / or, the reducing agent includes one of formaldehyde and hydrazine hydrate; and / or, the reaction is stirred at 30℃-50℃ for 30 min-60 min.
[0010] Optionally, before mixing the nano-antimony pentoxide in the stannous chloride solution, the nano-antimony pentoxide is surface-cleaned and then surface-treated in a silane solution; wherein: the silane solute in the silane solution includes one of KH-550 and KH-560, and the mass ratio of nano-antimony pentoxide to silane solute is 1:(0.2-0.25).
[0011] Optionally, the compatibilizer includes maleic anhydride-grafted ABS; and / or, the stabilizer includes one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, and ultraviolet absorber UV-326; and / or, the lubricant includes one of ethylene bis-stearamide and calcium stearate; and / or, the brominated flame retardant includes one of decabromodiphenyl ether, decabromodiphenyl ethane, and bromophenol.
[0012] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing ABS composite material, wherein ABS resin, PBT resin, brominated flame retardant, compatibilizer, modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant additive, stabilizer and lubricant are mixed in a high-speed mixer to obtain a primary mixture; the primary mixture is melt-extruded and granulated in a twin-screw extruder to obtain ABS composite material.
[0013] Optionally, the temperature in the twin-screw extruder is 180℃-210℃ in zone 1, 220℃-240℃ in zone 2, 220℃-240℃ in zone 3, 200℃-230℃ in zone 4, 200℃-230℃ in zone 5, 210℃-240℃ in zone 6, 210℃-240℃ in zone 7, and 210℃-240℃ in zone 8; the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 300rpm-400rpm.
[0014] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an application of ABS composite material, including one of automotive parts, electronic appliances, mechanical parts, and office supplies. Detailed Implementation
[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains.
[0016] This invention provides a high-gloss ABS composite material, comprising, by weight: 80-90 parts ABS resin, 10-20 parts PBT resin, 5-15 parts brominated flame retardant, 3-5 parts compatibilizer, 1-3 parts modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant, 1-2 parts stabilizer, and 0.5-1 part lubricant. In practice, by mixing ABS resin and PBT resin to prepare the ABS composite material, the ABS resin improves the impact resistance and surface gloss of the composite material, while the PBT resin enhances the structural strength. Furthermore, as a crystalline polymer, PBT promotes the formation of a dense and smooth surface during the injection molding cooling crystallization process, which is beneficial for improving the surface hardness and gloss of the composite material.
[0017] However, ABS and PBT resins are prone to phase separation during blending, leading to interface defects and orange peel texture in the composite material. This reduces the strength and surface gloss of the composite. Therefore, compatibilizers need to be added to the composite material to form a stable bond between the ABS and PBT phases, thereby improving the smoothness and flatness of the surface of the injection-molded component and promoting a higher surface gloss. Furthermore, stabilizers in the composite material can improve its performance stability, while lubricants can improve its flowability during processing and enhance the surface finish of the finished component.
[0018] In fact, the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant used in composite materials includes antimony pentoxide particles and silver nanolayers grown in situ on the surface of the antimony pentoxide particles. Specifically, by loading silver nanoparticles onto antimony pentoxide particles, when the flame retardant particles form a flame retardant network within the composite material, not only can the overall flame retardant performance of the composite material be improved, but the silver nanolayers dispersed on the surface of the flame retardant can also enhance the metallic texture and gloss of the material surface, thereby achieving a synergistic effect of flame retardancy and improved surface gloss.
[0019] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant includes the following steps:
[0020] S1. Sensitized particles are obtained by mixing nano-antimony pentoxide in stannous chloride solution and then separating them. S2. The sensitized particles are mixed in a palladium chloride solution and then separated to obtain active particles. S3. The active particles are dispersed in a silver ammonia solution, and after stirring and reacting under the action of a reducing agent, the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant is separated.
[0021] In fact, in step S1, wetting the nano-antimony pentoxide in a stannous chloride solution allows Sn to be adsorbed on the surface of the nano-antimony pentoxide. 2+ Sn, which then has reducing properties in step S2 2+ Able to remove Pd from palladium chloride solution 2+ Restore to Pd 0 Nanoparticles, and promote Pd 0 Nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of nano-antimony pentoxide in the form of nanoclusters, and in step S3, under the action of a reducing agent and in the presence of Pd 0 In-situ catalysis by nanoparticles to decompose Ag in silver ammonia complex ions + Restored to Ag 0 It is deposited in situ on the surface of nano-antimony pentoxide.
[0022] In some embodiments, during step S1, antimony pentoxide nanoparticles with an average particle size of 50nm-200nm can be added to a stannous chloride solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.02g / mL-0.1g / mL for ultrasonic dispersion. This facilitates the uniform dispersion of antimony pentoxide nanoparticles in the stannous chloride solution, thereby improving the Sn content on the surface of the antimony pentoxide nanoparticles. 2+ The uniformity of dispersion can be improved. Furthermore, the concentration of Sn in the solution of nano-antimony pentoxide and stannous chloride can be controlled. 2+ The mass ratio is 1:(0.05-0.2). In fact, in order to promote Sn... 2+ Adsorption on the surface of nano-antimony pentoxide allows the pH of the stannous chloride solution to be adjusted to 1-2 using hydrochloric acid.
[0023] In some embodiments, during step S2, the sensitized particles can be added to a palladium chloride solution at 20°C-40°C and pH 1-3 at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.01 g / mL-0.5 g / mL and ultrasonically dispersed for 10 min-30 min. The ultrasonic action promotes rapid dispersion of the sensitized particles in the palladium chloride solution and induces Sn... 2+ For Pd 2+ The in-situ reduction reaction proceeds, thereby forming Pd on the surface of the sensitized particles. 0 Nanoclusters. Furthermore, treatment with a strongly acidic palladium chloride solution is beneficial for enhancing the Sn content on the sensitized particle surface. 2+ It ensures stability and avoids the hydrolysis of palladium chloride.
[0024] In some embodiments, the silver ammonia solution used in step S3 is a freshly prepared silver ammonia solution, wherein the silver ion concentration is 0.02 mol / L-0.1 mol / L and the ammonia concentration is 0.5 mol / L-2 mol / L. Alternatively, the active particles can be added to the silver ammonia solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 5 mg / mL-20 mg / mL for mixing, and then a reducing agent is added under stirring to carry out a reduction reaction, thereby removing Ag. + Restore to obtain Ag 0 Nanoparticles. Furthermore, the reduction reaction process can be controlled to occur at 30℃-50℃ and 300rpm-1000rpm for 30-60 minutes. Specifically, the reducing agent used includes one of formaldehyde or hydrazine hydrate.
[0025] In some embodiments, before performing step S1, the nano-antimony pentoxide is pre-cleaned and then surface-treated in a silane solution. In fact, by surface-treating the nano-antimony pentoxide in a silane solution, the active sites on the surface of the nano-antimony pentoxide can be increased, which is beneficial for the uniform adsorption of Sn in step S1. 2+Furthermore, the silane solute in the silane solution may include one of KH-550 and KH560, and the mass ratio of nano-antimony pentoxide to silane solute may be 1:(0.2-0.25).
[0026] In some embodiments, the compatibilizer used in the ABS composite material includes maleic anhydride-grafted ABS, the stabilizer used includes antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168 and ultraviolet absorber UV-326 in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:1, the lubricant used includes one of ethylene bis-stearamide and calcium stearate, and the brominated flame retardant used includes one of decabromodiphenyl ether, decabromodiphenyl ethane and bromophenol.
[0027] This invention also provides a method for preparing ABS composite materials in any of the above embodiments, comprising: mixing ABS resin, PBT resin, brominated flame retardant, compatibilizer, modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant additive, stabilizer, and lubricant in a high-speed mixer to obtain a primary mixture; and melting-extruding and granulating the primary mixture in a twin-screw extruder to obtain the ABS composite material. In practice, the temperatures in the twin-screw extruder are as follows: Zone 1: 180℃-210℃; Zone 2: 220℃-240℃; Zone 3: 220℃-240℃; Zone 4: 200℃-230℃; Zone 5: 200℃-230℃; Zone 6: 210℃-240℃; Zone 7: 210℃-240℃; Zone 8: 210℃-240℃; and the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 300 rpm-400 rpm.
[0028] Preparation Example 1 Example 1 provides a method for preparing a modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant, comprising the following steps: S0. Nano-antimony pentoxide (purchased from Wuhan Jiyesheng Chemical Co., Ltd.) with a particle size of 100 nm was added to a 60% ethanol aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.1 g / mL. After ultrasonic dispersion for 15 min, a 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH of the system to 4. The mixture was stirred at 800 rpm for 75 min, separated by vacuum filtration, and rinsed with deionized water. The mixture was then dried to constant weight in a vacuum drying oven at 80℃. The cleaned nano-antimony pentoxide was added to a KH-550 solution, with the mass ratio of nano-antimony pentoxide to KH-550 controlled at 1:0.2. After ultrasonic mixing, the mixture was reacted at 70℃ for 30 min, separated by vacuum filtration, and dried at room temperature. S1. Add the silane-treated nano-antimony pentoxide from S0 to a stannous chloride solution with a pH of 2 at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.08 g / mL, and control the Sn content of the nano-antimony pentoxide and the stannous chloride solution. 2+The mass ratio was 1:0.12; after ultrasonic mixing in a 35℃ water bath, the mixture was stirred at 800 rpm for 30 min, filtered and separated, and the precipitate was washed with deionized water and dried with hot air at 35℃ to constant weight to obtain sensitized particles. S2. Add the sensitized particles to a palladium chloride solution with a pH of 3 at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.08 g / mL, and control the concentration of Pd in the sensitized particles and palladium chloride solution. 2+ The mass ratio was 1:0.034; the reaction was carried out in a 35℃ water bath at 800 rpm for 20 min, the precipitate was separated by filtration and washed with deionized water, and then dried in a 60℃ vacuum drying oven to constant weight to obtain active particles. S3. The active particles were ultrasonically dispersed in a freshly prepared silver ammonia solution (silver ion concentration of 0.08 mol / L and ammonia concentration of 1 mol / L) at a solid-liquid ratio of 10 mg / mL. Formaldehyde solution was then added dropwise to the silver ammonia solution at a water bath temperature of 40℃ and a rotation speed of 800 rpm for 30 min. The molar ratio of formaldehyde to silver ions was controlled at 1:2 and the mass ratio of active particles to silver ions was controlled at 1:0.07. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was separated by vacuum filtration and washed with deionized water. The modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant was then dried under vacuum at 60℃ to constant weight.
[0029] Preparation Example 2 Example 2 of this preparation provides a method for preparing a modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant, comprising the following steps: S0. Nano-antimony pentoxide (purchased from Wuhan Jiyesheng Chemical Co., Ltd.) with a particle size of 100 nm was added to a 60% ethanol aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.1 g / mL. After ultrasonic dispersion for 15 min, a 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH of the system to 4. The mixture was stirred at 800 rpm for 75 min, separated by vacuum filtration, and rinsed with deionized water. The mixture was then dried to constant weight in a vacuum drying oven at 80℃. The cleaned nano-antimony pentoxide was added to a KH-550 solution, with the mass ratio of nano-antimony pentoxide to KH-550 controlled at 1:0.2. After ultrasonic mixing, the mixture was reacted at 70℃ for 30 min, separated by vacuum filtration, and dried at room temperature to obtain active particles. S1. Active particles were ultrasonically dispersed in a freshly prepared silver ammonia solution (silver ion concentration of 0.08 mol / L and ammonia concentration of 1 mol / L) at a solid-liquid ratio of 10 mg / mL. Formaldehyde solution was then added dropwise to the silver ammonia solution at a water bath temperature of 40℃ and a rotation speed of 800 rpm for 30 min. The molar ratio of formaldehyde to silver ions was controlled at 1:2, and the mass ratio of active particles to silver ions was controlled at 1:0.07. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered and washed with deionized water. The modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant was then vacuum dried at 60℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant.
[0030] Preparation Example 3 Example 3 of this preparation provides a method for preparing a modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant, comprising the following steps: S0. Nano-antimony pentoxide (purchased from Wuhan Jiyesheng Chemical Co., Ltd.) with a particle size of 100 nm was added to a 60% ethanol aqueous solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.1 g / mL. After ultrasonic dispersion for 15 min, a 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added dropwise to adjust the pH of the system to 4. The mixture was stirred at 800 rpm for 75 min, separated by vacuum filtration, and rinsed with deionized water. The mixture was then dried to constant weight in a vacuum drying oven at 80℃. The cleaned nano-antimony pentoxide was added to a KH-550 solution, with the mass ratio of nano-antimony pentoxide to KH-550 controlled at 1:0.2. After ultrasonic mixing, the mixture was reacted at 70℃ for 30 min, separated by vacuum filtration, and dried at room temperature. S1. Add the silane-treated nano-antimony pentoxide from S0 to a stannous chloride solution with a pH of 2 at a solid-liquid ratio of 0.08 g / mL, and control the Sn content of the nano-antimony pentoxide and the stannous chloride solution. 2+ The mass ratio was 1:0.12; after ultrasonic mixing in a 35℃ water bath, the mixture was stirred at 800 rpm for 30 min, filtered and separated, and the precipitate was washed with deionized water and dried with hot air at 35℃ to constant weight to obtain sensitized particles. S2. Sensitized particles were added to a freshly prepared silver ammonia solution (silver ion concentration of 0.08 mol / L and ammonia concentration of 1 mol / L) at a solid-liquid ratio of 10 mg / mL and ultrasonically dispersed. Formaldehyde solution was then added dropwise to the silver ammonia solution at a water bath temperature of 40℃ and a rotation speed of 800 rpm for 30 min. The molar ratio of formaldehyde to silver ions was controlled at 1:2 and the mass ratio of sensitized particles to silver ions was controlled at 1:0.07. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered and washed with deionized water. The modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant was then dried under vacuum at 60℃ to constant weight.
[0031] Examples 1 to 5 Examples 1 to 5 each provide a high-gloss ABS composite material, and the mass fractions of each component are shown in Table 1.
[0032] Table 1. Components and mass fractions of the composite materials in Examples 1 to 5
[0033] The ABS resin used in Examples 1 to 5 was purchased from LG Chem (Huizhou) Chemical Co., Ltd., with the brand name ABS HP181A. The PBT resin used was purchased from Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd., with the brand name 5010R5. The bromine-based flame retardant used was decabromodiphenyl ether. The compatibilizer used was maleic anhydride-grafted ABS. The stabilizers were antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, and ultraviolet absorber UV-326 in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:1. The lubricant was calcium stearate. The flame retardant used in Examples 1 to 3 was the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant additive prepared in Preparation Example 1. Examples 4 to 5 used the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant additives prepared in Preparation Examples 2 to 3, respectively.
[0034] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 provides an ABS composite material that differs from Example 3 in that an equal amount of nano-antimony pentoxide is directly added to the composite material as a flame retardant additive.
[0035] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 provides an ABS composite material that differs from Example 3 in that 2.2 parts by mass of nano-antimony pentoxide and 0.1 parts by mass of silver nanoparticles with a particle size of 10 nm are added to the composite material as flame retardant additives.
[0036] The preparation methods of the ABS composite materials in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 are as follows: the raw materials are mixed in a high-speed mixer to obtain a preliminary mixture, and then the preliminary mixture is added to the feeding hopper of a twin-screw extruder. The screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is set to 300 rpm, and the temperatures of zones one to eight are 200℃, 230℃, 230℃, 220℃, 220℃, 220℃, 210℃, and 210℃, respectively. The ABS composite material is obtained by extrusion and granulation in the twin-screw extruder.
[0037] Performance testing The tensile strength and elongation at break of the ABS composite materials in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were tested using the method described in GB / T 1040. Each experiment was repeated 5 times and the average value was calculated, as shown in Table 2 below. The flame retardant properties of the ABS composite materials in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were tested using the standard described in UL-94, and the results are shown in Table 2 below. The surface gloss of the ABS composite materials was measured using a gloss meter at an incident angle of 60°. Each experiment was repeated 5 times at 5 different points and the average value was calculated, as shown in Table 2 below.
[0038] Table 2 Performance test data of ABS composite materials
[0039] As can be seen from Table 2, the ABS composite materials prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have good mechanical properties and surface gloss. In addition, it can be seen from Comparative Examples 1 and 2 that the modification of the surface of nano-antimony pentoxide with silver nanolayers in the present invention does not affect the synergistic flame retardant properties of antimony pentoxide on ABS composite materials. However, it can be seen from Comparative Example 2 that adding silver nanoparticles alone to ABS composite materials will also have a certain increase in surface gloss, but it will greatly affect the mechanical properties of ABS composite materials, and the increase in surface gloss is also inferior to that in Examples 1 to 3.
[0040] While embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to these embodiments. However, it should be understood that such modifications and variations fall within the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims. Furthermore, the invention described herein may have other embodiments and can be implemented or carried out in various ways.
Claims
1. A high-gloss ABS composite material, characterized in that, The product comprises, by weight, 80-90 parts ABS resin, 10-20 parts PBT resin, 5-15 parts brominated flame retardant, 3-5 parts compatibilizer, 1-3 parts modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant additive, 1-2 parts stabilizer, and 0.5-1 parts lubricant; wherein the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant additive includes antimony pentoxide particles and a silver nanolayer grown in situ on the surface of the antimony pentoxide particles.
2. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant includes: mixing nano-antimony pentoxide in a stannous chloride solution and then separating to obtain sensitized particles; mixing the sensitized particles in a palladium chloride solution and then separating to obtain active particles; dispersing the active particles in a silver ammonia solution, stirring and reacting under the action of a reducing agent, and then separating to obtain the modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant.
3. The ABS composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The average particle size of the nano-antimony pentoxide is 50nm-200nm; and / or, the solid-liquid ratio of the nano-antimony pentoxide to the stannous chloride solution is 0.02g / mL-0.1g / mL; and / or, the mass ratio of tin ions in the nano-antimony pentoxide to the stannous chloride solution is 1:(0.05-0.2); and / or, the pH of the stannous chloride solution is 1-2.
4. The ABS composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solid-liquid ratio of the sensitized particles to the palladium chloride solution is 0.01 g / mL to 0.5 g / mL; and / or, the mass ratio of the sensitized particles to palladium ions in the palladium chloride solution is 1:(0.01-0.05); and / or, the pH of the palladium chloride solution is 1-3; and / or, the particles are mixed in the palladium chloride solution for 10 min to 30 min; and / or, the particles are mixed in the palladium chloride solution at 20℃-40℃.
5. The ABS composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of silver ions in the silver ammonia solution is 0.02 mol / L-0.1 mol / L; and / or, the concentration of ammonia in the silver ammonia solution is 0.5 mol / L-2 mol / L; and / or, the solid-liquid ratio of the active particles to the silver ammonia solution is 5 mg / mL-20 mg / mL; and / or, the reducing agent includes one of formaldehyde and hydrazine hydrate; and / or, the reaction is carried out by stirring at 30℃-50℃ for 30 min-60 min.
6. The ABS composite material according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: Before mixing nano-antimony pentoxide in a stannous chloride solution, the nano-antimony pentoxide is surface-cleaned and then surface-treated in a silane solution; wherein the silane solute in the silane solution includes one of KH-550 and KH-560, and the mass ratio of nano-antimony pentoxide to silane solute is 1:(0.2-0.25).
7. The ABS composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compatibilizer includes maleic anhydride-grafted ABS; and / or, the stabilizer includes one of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, and ultraviolet absorber UV-326; and / or, the lubricant includes one of ethylene bis-stearamide and calcium stearate; and / or, the brominated flame retardant includes one of decabromodiphenyl ether, decabromodiphenyl ethane, and bromophenol.
8. A method for preparing the ABS composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: ABS resin, PBT resin, brominated flame retardant, compatibilizer, modified antimony pentoxide flame retardant additive, stabilizer, and lubricant are mixed in a high-speed mixer to obtain a primary mixture; the primary mixture is melt-extruded and granulated in a twin-screw extruder to obtain an ABS composite material.
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The twin-screw extruder has the following temperature zones: Zone 1: 180℃-210℃; Zone 2: 220℃-240℃; Zone 3: 220℃-240℃; Zone 4: 200℃-230℃; Zone 5: 200℃-230℃; Zone 6: 210℃-240℃; Zone 7: 210℃-240℃; Zone 8: 210℃-240℃; and the screw speed is 300 rpm-400 rpm.
10. An application of the ABS composite material as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, This includes one of the following: automotive parts, electronic appliances, mechanical parts, and office supplies.