Design type selection optimization method of power supply circuit

Abstract

According to the design and type selection optimization method of the power supply circuit, the problems that the design optimization efficiency of the power supply circuit is low and a cost optimal scheme is difficult to find quickly are solved. According to the method, main design parameters influencing functional performance substitution in the power converter are extracted, a power converter parameter library is constructed, a hardware circuit design file is analyzed to obtain the design requirement of a power circuit, and the design requirement of the power circuit is calculated based on the constructed power converter parameter library and the design requirement. And generating a multi-stage cascade optimal scheme of the power converter through an automatic search algorithm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of computer hardware, and in particular relates to a method for designing and optimizing power supply circuits. Background Technology

[0002] Airborne electronic products are generally characterized by "small batches and multiple varieties." This characteristic necessitates that manufacturers in the airborne field design products based on the features of numerous newly developed products, even though the production volume of these new products is often low. Simultaneously, the cost requirements for aviation products are increasingly stringent, demanding continuous improvement in product economics. Therefore, against this backdrop, the ability to quickly optimize economical designs based on initial designs is of great significance to enterprises.

[0003] Power supply circuits are an important component of electronic products. Since all electronic products require power supply circuits, the economic design optimization method of power supply circuits is crucial to improving the economy of airborne electronic products. However, in the current economic design of power supply circuits for airborne electronic products, designers often have to rely on experience to select components based on the product's power supply requirements when faced with a large number of power converters on the market, without an automated optimal component selection method.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The power circuit design and selection optimization method provided by this invention constructs a power converter parameter library, performs requirement analysis on the initial design, and generates an optimal multi-stage cascaded power converter solution through an automatic search algorithm. The technical solution of this invention has many beneficial effects, as described below: A power supply circuit design and selection optimization method, applicable to the optimization of power supply circuits in electronic products, includes the following steps: Step 1: Build a parameter library for the power converter; Step 2: Obtain the basic information and connection relationships of the power converter of the electronic product from the hardware circuit design file of the electronic product, and analyze and obtain the design parameters of the power circuit to form the design requirements of the optimization scheme; Step 3: Based on the parameter library and design requirements, generate the optimal multi-stage cascaded power converter solution through an automatic search algorithm.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A power converter parameter library is constructed. By parsing hardware circuit design files, the design requirements of the power circuit are obtained. Based on the constructed power converter parameter library, and under the condition of meeting the constraints, the optimal design selection scheme that meets the design requirements can be quickly and automatically obtained through an automatic search algorithm, thereby improving the optimization efficiency of power circuits for airborne electronic products. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0008] Figure 1 Flowchart for the invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the power supply circuit design for an original electronic product; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optimal solution obtained based on the original design. Detailed Implementation

[0009] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0010] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this invention, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0011] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. The drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0012] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that aspects can be practiced without these specific details. To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0013] like Figures 1 to 3 The design and selection optimization method shown is applicable to the power supply circuit of airborne electronic products. The design and selection optimization method includes the following steps: Step 1: Build a parameter library for the power converter; Step 2: Based on the design documents of the electronic product's hardware circuit (e.g., netlist file, BOM list, etc.), obtain the basic information and connection relationships of the electronic product's power converter, and analyze the design parameters of the electronic product's power circuit to form the design requirements for an optimized solution; Step 3: Based on the parameter library and design requirements, generate the optimal solution for multi-stage cascading of power converters through an automatic search algorithm.

[0014] In one embodiment, step 1 includes obtaining the input voltage range, output voltage range, number of channels, single-channel output current, and power supply type of various power converters. The power supply type is divided into two types: DC / DC and LDO.

[0015] 3. The design selection optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, step 2, obtaining the basic information and connection relationships of the power converter of the airborne electronic product, includes, The connection relationship is extracted only from the connection topology between voltage input and output signals.

[0016] 4. The design selection optimization method according to claim 3, characterized in that the design requirements in step 2 include, The input voltage, load point required voltage and corresponding current, and required voltage type of the power supply circuit are specified. The input voltage of the power supply circuit adopts the rated voltage range of the power converter.

[0017] 5. The design selection optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that the analysis of the design parameters of the electronic product power supply circuit in step 2 includes, Determine the channel merging status and design annotation information of the original power conversion device design. The design annotation information includes the actual voltage value and the actual current value. When parsing design annotation information from design documents, the rated voltage range of the power converter is replaced with the actual voltage value, and the maximum current value of the power converter is replaced with the actual current value.

[0018] The load point required voltage is the output voltage in the power network other than the transition voltage, that is, the output voltage that directly supplies power to other types of devices except for power converters, resistors, and capacitors.

[0019] 6. The design selection optimization method according to claim 5, characterized in that the automatic search algorithm in step 3 includes, Step 3.1: Input parameter preprocessing, taking the design requirements as input and processing them, where, Step 3.1.1: Standardize the input voltage value Vin in the design requirements; Step 3.1.2: Take all the load point demand voltages, corresponding currents, and demand voltage types in the design requirements as the load point demand set D, and perform integrity verification on the load point demand set D. Each load point demand is represented as a triplet, where the triplet consists of the voltage value, the current value, and the demand voltage type. Step 3.1.3: Ensure the integrity and consistency of L parameters in the power converter parameter library. Specifically, for different load points with the same voltage value, maintain their independence and do not merge them to ensure that each load point can receive an independent power supply. Step 3.2: Generate and evaluate a single-stage direct conversion scheme. A scheme that directly converts the input voltage of the power supply circuit to the required voltage at all load points is considered a single-stage scheme. Step 3.2.1: Divide the load point demand set D into k subsets (1≤k≤|D|), with each subset handled by an independent power converter; Step 3.2.2: For each subset of requirements, search the parameter library L for converters that meet the following conditions: a. The input voltage range includes the power supply circuit input voltage Vin. b. The output voltage range can cover the voltage requirements of all load points in the subset. c. The current output capability meets the total current demand of all load points in the subset. d. If it is a subset of LDO requirements, an LDO type converter must be selected. e. Power constraint must be met: Input power ≥ Total output power / 0.9 Step 3.2.3: For all feasible grouping schemes, calculate the total cost and select the scheme with the lowest cost as the single-level candidate scheme; Step 3.3: Generate and evaluate a two-stage cascade scheme, which includes dividing the conversion process into two stages by introducing an intermediate voltage: Step 3.3.1: Based on the common or general type output voltage value and the load point required voltage, generate an intermediate voltage candidate set V_mid; Step 3.3.1: Divide the load point demand set D into two parts: the first-level demand subset D1 that is directly satisfied, and the second-level demand subset D2 that is satisfied; Step 3.3.2: Generate the first-level scheme: The input voltage is the power supply circuit input voltage Vin; the output voltage includes: the set of directly required voltages and the intermediate voltage V_mid; multiple converters are allowed to work in parallel, with each converter handling a portion of the requirements; Step 3.3.3: Generate the second-level scheme: the input voltage is the intermediate voltage V_mid, and the output voltage is all the voltages in the second-level requirement subset D2. Multiple converters can also work in parallel. Step 3.3.4: Iterate through different intermediate voltage values ​​V_mid and demand allocation schemes to find the combination with the lowest total cost between the two levels; Step 3.4: Generate and evaluate a three-stage cascaded scheme. The three-stage scheme is used for scenarios where a two-stage solution is insufficient, or where the cost of single-stage and two-stage solutions does not meet requirements. It achieves the desired result through an intermediate voltage between the two stages. This includes... Step 3.4.1: Generate the first-stage intermediate voltage V_mid1 and the second-stage intermediate voltage V_mid2; Step 3.4.2: Divide the load point demand set D into three subsets D1, D2, and D3; Step 3.4.3: Generate inter-level transformation schemes: Level 1: Convert from Vin to V_mid1, while simultaneously satisfying the requirements in D1. Level 2: Convert from V_mid1 to V_mid2, while also satisfying the requirements in D2. Level 3: All required voltages converted from V_mid2 to D3 Step 3.4.3: Minimize the total cost of the three-level scheme by adjusting the intermediate voltage value and the demand allocation ratio.

[0020] Step 3.5: Verify and output the solution, including final verification and optimization of the generated candidate solutions. The objectives are: a. to ensure that all load point requirements are met; b. to re-verify the satisfaction of all technical constraints; c. to summarize the total cost of all used devices, thereby generating a complete solution that includes the configuration of each level of converter, input-output relationships, and total cost. To ensure the solution meets technical requirements, the following constraints were applied during the above steps: a. Type Match Verification: For load points marked as LDO requirements, an LDO type converter must be selected; b. Voltage range verification: The converter's operating voltage range must fully encompass the actual voltage value; c. Current capacity verification: Consider multi-channel allocation to ensure that the current of each channel does not exceed the limit; d. Power constraint verification: Ensure that the converter output power is less than or equal to 90% of the input power; e. Select the lowest cost among the candidate converters that meet the above technical constraints; When there are many cascaded layers and candidate converters, the following optimization strategy is adopted to address the problem of a huge search space for solutions: a. Record the current optimal cost in real time, and terminate the search branch that exceeds the cost in advance; b. Prioritize assigning load points with similar voltage values ​​to the same converter to reduce the number of converters; c. Use parallel computing strategies for independent search branches to improve search efficiency.

[0021] For example, the steps of implementing this method include the following: Step 1: Build a power converter parameter library; Constructing a power converter parameter library is the first step in the economic design optimization method. This requires extracting specified parameters from all available power converters to form the parameter library, ensuring that each usable power converter is parameterized. In this embodiment, a tabular format is used to construct the power converter parameter library; the data format of the established parameter library is shown in Table 1.

[0022] Power converter parameters include input voltage range, output voltage range, number of channels, single-channel output current, and power supply type. Specifically, the power supply type is divided into two types: DC / DC and LDO.

[0023] Table 1. Parameters of the power converter constructed in this embodiment.

[0024] Step 2: Based on the product hardware circuit design documents, obtain the basic information and connection relationships of the power converter, analyze and obtain the design parameters of the power circuit, and form the design requirements for the optimization scheme; In this embodiment, the hardware circuit design file is a .tel format netlist file exported by the Mentor software. This netlist file contains design information such as component selection information, connection relationships between components, and signal naming in the hardware design.

[0025] The basic information of the power converter includes component codes, models, and other information that characterizes the components.

[0026] The connection relationships described here refer only to the connection relationships between the input and output voltages of the power conversion device, and do not include the connection of other auxiliary signals.

[0027] The design parameters include the channel merging status of the original power conversion device, the parameter information of the selected devices, and the design annotation information; Based on the above information, the original design requirements are obtained. These requirements include the input voltage, load point required voltage, and corresponding current of the power supply network. Specifically, the input and output voltages adopt the input and output voltage range supported by the power converter, and the output current is determined by channel merging and the maximum output current of a single channel. When design annotation information can be parsed from the design document, the parsed actual voltage value is used to replace the voltage range, and the parsed actual current value is used to replace the maximum current value. The load point required voltage and current refer to the output voltages in the power supply network other than transition voltages, i.e., the output voltages that directly power other types of devices besides power supplies, resistors, and capacitors.

[0028] In this embodiment, the design file used is a .tel netlist file exported by the hardware circuit design software Mentor. The specific implementation process of steps two and three, as well as the process of obtaining design requirements, are as follows: a) Based on the relationship between the code and the tag number in the netlist file, determine which tag numbers represent power supply devices. For example, if 'YQJ0003131' is identified from the netlist file information "'ComID' 'YQJ0003131'; U2 U3 U4", and it is found to be a power supply device in the component basic information, then U2 U3 U4 are power supply devices. b) Taking device U2 as an example, after determining that device U2 is a power supply device, filter out all signals connected to U2, determine which signals are power input / output signals, and filter out the input / output signals in sequence according to the following conditions: 1. Power input / output signals are connected to at least two U2 pins. For example: 'FB_3.3VD'; R8.1 U2.L6 is only connected to the L6 pin of U2, so it is not an input / output; 'VCC_1.8VD'; U2.D10 N3.8 C99.1 U2.D9 U2.C12C148.1 is connected to both U2.D10 and U2.C12 pins, which are initially identified as power input / output pins.

[0029] 2. Further filtering is performed based on the characteristics of signal naming. Input and output signal names are characterized by voltage values ​​and voltage symbols V. For example, the names might be "VCC_1.8VD", "V3.3", "vcc3.3", etc., such as 'SW_1'; Although signals U2.H6, U2.H5, U2.H3, U2.H4, and U2.H2 are connected to multiple U2 signals, the name "SW_1" does not meet the requirements. c) Determine the output signal of U2. First, based on the above screening, the signal with the highest voltage value is the input. Second, the input signal usually has the most connected pins. By combining these two conditions, the input is determined, and the others are the outputs. d) Determine if the output signal supplies power to devices other than the power supply. Taking U2 as an example, if 'VCC_1.8VD' is identified as one of the output signals, check all the reference locators connected to this signal. Filter out resistors and capacitors (R1, R66, C3, C78, ​​etc., where R and C have numbers) and test points (reference locator names include TP, TJ, tj, FZCS, T, etc.). If, after filtering out these reference locators, other devices besides the power supply are still connected, then it is considered to be one of the required voltages. (Alternatively, you can directly determine whether other devices besides resistors, capacitors, and test points are connected by the device name in the component database using the corresponding code or model number of the reference locator.) e) Determine the maximum current value of the required voltage signal. This is determined by the ratio of the number of pins connected to the input signal to the required voltage signal. For example, if the input signal of device U2 is connected to 12 pins of U2, and the required output voltage "VCC3.3" is connected to 6 pins of U2, then the current value is 4A*(12 / 6)=8A for a single channel. If the current value is not divisible, round it to the nearest integer.

[0030] f) Determine the initial input voltage. Draw the connection relationship based on the input and output signal connections already selected by the device. The input voltage of the power converter at the very beginning is the initial input voltage.

[0031] g) Identify the output voltage requirement of each power supply device and calculate the current using the method described above. Based on the identified original design input, required voltage and current, etc., form the connection relationship in this embodiment (see [reference]). Figure 2The design requirements are shown in Table 2.

[0032] Table 2. Obtained Demand Information

[0033] Step 3: Based on the constructed power converter parameter library, generate the optimal multi-stage cascaded power converter solution according to the obtained design requirements.

[0034] Step 1: Input parameter preprocessing Receive and process design requirement parameters: 1. The power supply circuit input voltage VCC_5VD is standardized to 5V; 2. Integrity check of the load point requirement set D, where each load point requirement is represented as a triple (e.g., 1, 2, 3, LDO); 3. Structure the power converter parameter library L to ensure parameter completeness and consistency, i.e., strictly fill in the relevant content according to Table 1; The demands of the five load points remain independent and are not merged.

[0035] Step 2: Generate and evaluate a single-stage direct conversion scheme A single-stage solution refers to a solution that directly converts the input voltage of the power supply circuit to the required voltage at all load points: 1. Divide the load point demand set D into k subsets (1≤k≤|D|), with each subset handled by an independent power converter; 2. For each subset of requirements, search the parameter library L for converters that meet the following conditions: a. The input voltage range includes the power supply circuit input voltage Vin. b. The output voltage range can cover the voltage requirements of all load points in the subset. c. The current output capability meets the total current demand of all load points in the subset. d. If it is a subset of LDO requirements, an LDO type converter must be selected. e. Power constraint must be met: Input power ≥ Total output power / 0.9 3. For all feasible grouping schemes, calculate the total cost and select the scheme with the lowest cost as the single-level candidate scheme.

[0036] Following the steps outlined above for searching and verification, it was found that the required voltage is 1V for LDO type loads, while the input voltage is 5V, which cannot meet the conversion efficiency and power requirements. Therefore, a single-stage solution is not feasible.

[0037] Step 3: Generate and evaluate the two-stage cascade scheme The two-stage scheme divides the conversion process into two phases by introducing an intermediate voltage: 1. Based on common output voltage values ​​and load point required voltage, generate a candidate set of intermediate voltages, V_mid; 2. Divide the load point demand set D into two parts: the first-level demand subset D1 that is directly satisfied, and the second-level demand subset D2 that is satisfied; 3. Generate the first-level solution: The input voltage is the power supply circuit input voltage Vin; the output voltage includes: the set of directly required voltages and the intermediate voltage V_mid; multiple converters are allowed to work in parallel, with each converter handling a portion of the requirements; 4. Generate the second-level scheme: The input voltage is the intermediate voltage V_mid, and the output voltage is all the voltages in the second-level requirement subset D2. Multiple converters can also work in parallel. 5. Iterate through different intermediate voltage values ​​V_mid and demand allocation schemes to find the combination with the lowest total cost between the two levels.

[0038] Through the above steps, several suitable solutions were found in the converter parameter library, among which Solution A (lower than the original solution) had the lowest cost. Solution A uses two four-channel DC / DC converters in the first stage. DC / DC-1 outputs two channels combined to meet the load requirements of 1V / 12A and 3.3V / 12A, while DC / DC-2 outputs two channels combined to meet the load requirements of 1.8V / 5A and 1.2V / 5A. The second stage remains unchanged from the original design.

[0039] Step 4: Generate and evaluate the three-level cascade scheme The three-stage solution is used for scenarios where a two-stage solution is insufficient, or where the cost of a single-stage or two-stage solution does not meet requirements. It achieves the desired result through an intermediate voltage between the two stages. 1. Generate the first-stage intermediate voltage V_mid1 and the second-stage intermediate voltage V_mid2; 2. Divide the load point demand set D into three subsets D1, D2, and D3; 3. Generate inter-level conversion schemes: Level 1: Convert from Vin to V_mid1, while simultaneously satisfying the requirements in D1. Level 2: Convert from V_mid1 to V_mid2, while also satisfying the requirements in D2. Level 3: All required voltages converted from V_mid2 to D3 4. Minimize the total cost of the three-tier scheme by adjusting the intermediate voltage value and the demand allocation ratio.

[0040] Based on the steps described above, a minimum-cost solution B with a three-tier architecture is generated. The first tier consists of two DC-DC converters, the second tier contains one multi-channel DC-DC converter, and the third tier contains three LDOs. Solution B has a lower cost than the original design, but its optimization is not as significant as that of Solution A.

[0041] Step 5: Verify the solution and output the results. The generated candidate solutions are then validated and optimized for final output. a. Ensure that all load point requirements are met; b. Re-verify the satisfaction of all technical constraints; c. Summarize the total cost of all components used; Based on the above, the requirements of all five load points, voltage and current matching, power conversion requirements, and LDO output are verified, and a cost comparison is performed. Finally, the optimal solution, A, which meets the constraints and has the lowest cost, is output as the optimal solution. The structural diagram of the optimal solution is shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0042] During the generation process of the solution in this embodiment, the following verifications were performed: a. For load points marked as LDO requirements, strictly select LDO type converters; b. The converter's operating voltage range must fully encompass the actual voltage value; c. Consider multi-channel allocation to ensure that the current of each channel does not exceed the limit; d. Ensure that the converter output power is less than or equal to 90% of the input power.

[0043] In this embodiment, to address the problem of a huge solution search space, the following strategy is adopted for optimization: a. Record the current optimal cost in real time, and terminate the search branch that exceeds the cost in advance; b. Prioritize assigning load points with similar voltage values ​​to the same converter to reduce the number of converters; c. Use parallel computing strategies for independent search branches to improve search efficiency.

[0044] The product provided by this invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the invention without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the invention claims.

Claims

1. A design and selection optimization method for power supply circuits, applicable to the design and selection optimization of power supply circuits in airborne electronic products, the design and selection optimization method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Build a parameter library for the power converter; Step 2: Based on the design documents of the electronic product's hardware circuit, obtain the basic information and connection relationships of the electronic product's power converter, and analyze the design parameters of the electronic product's power circuit to form the design requirements for an optimized solution; Step 3: Based on the parameter library and design requirements, generate the optimal multi-stage cascaded power converter solution through an automatic search algorithm.

2. The design selection optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1 includes obtaining the input voltage range, output voltage range, number of channels, single-channel output current, and power supply type of various power converters.

3. The design selection optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2, obtaining the basic information and connection relationships of the power converters for airborne electronic products, includes: The connection relationship is extracted only from the connection topology between voltage input and output signals.

4. The design selection optimization method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The design requirements mentioned in step 2 include, The input voltage, load point required voltage and corresponding current, and required voltage type of the power supply circuit are specified. The input voltage of the power supply circuit adopts the rated voltage range of the power converter.

5. The design selection optimization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step 2 analyzes the design parameters of the electronic product's power supply circuit, including: Determine the channel merging status and design annotation information of the original power conversion device design, including the actual voltage value and the actual current value; When parsing design annotation information from design documents, the rated voltage range of the power converter is replaced with the actual voltage value, and the maximum current value of the power converter is replaced with the actual current value.

6. The design selection optimization method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The automatic search algorithm in step 3 includes, Step 3.1: Input parameter preprocessing. The design requirements are processed as input, wherein... Step 3.1.1: Standardize the input voltage value Vin in the design requirements; Step 3.1.2: Take all the load point demand voltages, corresponding currents, and demand voltage types in the design requirements as the load point demand set D, and perform an integrity check on the load point demand set D. Each load point demand is represented as a triplet, where the triplet consists of a voltage value, a current value, and a demand voltage type. Step 3.1.3: Ensure the integrity and consistency of L parameters in the power converter parameter library. Specifically, for different load points with the same voltage value, maintain their independence and do not merge them to ensure that each load point can receive an independent power supply. Step 3.2: Generate and evaluate a single-stage direct conversion scheme. A scheme that directly converts the input voltage of the power supply circuit to the required voltage at all load points is considered a single-stage scheme. Step 3.2.1: Divide the load point demand set D into k subsets (1≤k≤|D|), with each subset handled by an independent power converter; Step 3.2.2: For each subset of requirements, search the parameter library L for converters that meet the following conditions: a. The input voltage range includes the power supply circuit input voltage Vin. b. The output voltage range can cover the voltage requirements of all load points in the subset. c. The current output capability meets the total current demand of all load points in the subset. d. If it is a subset of LDO requirements, an LDO type converter must be selected. e. Power constraint must be met: Input power ≥ Total output power / 0.9 Step 3.2.3: For all feasible grouping schemes, calculate the total cost and select the scheme with the lowest cost as the single-level candidate scheme; Step 3.3: Generate and evaluate a two-stage cascade scheme, which includes, Step 3.3.1: Based on the common or general type output voltage value and the load point required voltage, generate an intermediate voltage candidate set V_mid; Step 3.3.1: Divide the load point demand set D into two parts: the first-level demand subset D1 that is directly satisfied, and the second-level demand subset D2 that is satisfied; Step 3.3.2: Generate the first-level scheme: The input voltage is the power supply circuit input voltage Vin; the output voltage includes: the set of directly required voltages and the intermediate voltage V_mid; multiple converters are allowed to work in parallel, with each converter handling a portion of the requirements; Step 3.3.3: Generate the second-level scheme: the input voltage is the intermediate voltage V_mid, and the output voltage is all the voltages in the second-level requirement subset D2. Multiple converters can also work in parallel. Step 3.3.4: Iterate through different intermediate voltage values ​​V_mid and demand allocation schemes to find the combination with the lowest total cost between the two levels; Step 3.4: Generate and evaluate a three-level cascade scheme, which includes, Step 3.4.1: Generate the first-stage intermediate voltage V_mid1 and the second-stage intermediate voltage V_mid2; Step 3.4.2: Divide the load point demand set D into three subsets D1, D2, and D3; Step 3.4.3: Generate inter-level transformation schemes: Level 1: Convert from Vin to V_mid1, while simultaneously satisfying the requirements in D1. Level 2: Convert from V_mid1 to V_mid2, while also satisfying the requirements in D2. Level 3: All required voltages converted from V_mid2 to D3 Step 3.4.3: Determine the minimum total cost of the three-tier scheme by adjusting the intermediate voltage value and the demand allocation ratio; Step 3.5: Verify and output the solution, including final verification and optimization of the generated candidate solutions, and verify according to the following constraints: a. Type Match Verification: For load points marked as LDO requirements, an LDO type converter must be selected; b. Voltage range verification: The converter's operating voltage range must fully encompass the actual voltage value; c. Current capacity verification: Consider multi-channel allocation to ensure that the current of each channel does not exceed the limit; d. Power constraint verification: Ensure that the converter output power is less than or equal to 90% of the input power; e. Select the lowest cost among the candidate converters that meet the above technical constraints; When there are many cascaded layers and candidate converters, optimizations are made to address the problem of a huge search space for solutions: a. Record the current optimal cost in real time, and terminate the search branch that exceeds the cost in advance; b. Prioritize assigning load points with similar voltage values ​​to the same converter to reduce the number of converters; c. Use parallel computing strategies for independent search branches to improve search efficiency.

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