Method for inspecting tree felling on plane cross-section diagram

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for inspecting tree felling on a plane cross-section diagram, and relates to the technical field of intelligent operation, maintenance and design of high-voltage transmission lines. A traditional tree verification method adopts static measurement, does not consider dynamic factors such as wire windage yaw swing and tree growth, and has the problems of safety margin distortion and poor terrain adaptability. According to the method, a four-layer progressive verification system of main line-side line-special terrain-sporadic tree is adopted, wherein the main line adopts a self-defined tree cutting line to carry out static rapid screening; performing dynamic collision verification on the left and right side lines by establishing a terrain triangular model and inputting a windage yaw safety height; carrying out intelligent addition and verification on dangerous points outside the special terrain; and the sporadic tall trees are directly verified according to the actually measured heights. The conversion from passive operation and maintenance to active design prevention is realized, and the single-span analysis time is greatly shortened; based on two-dimensional drawing operation, the cost is low, the felling range is accurately delimited through dynamic and static combined verification, and the safety and environmental protection requirements are effectively balanced.

Description

A method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent operation and maintenance and design technology for high-voltage transmission lines, and in particular to a method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view. Background Technology

[0002] In the design and operation and maintenance of overhead transmission lines, verifying the safe distance between trees and conductors is a crucial step in ensuring the stable operation of the lines. Traditional verification methods mainly adopt a static approach, which involves measuring the horizontal distance and vertical height between trees and conductors and making judgments based on fixed safety specifications (such as static clearance distance). While this method is simple to operate during the operation and maintenance phase, it has significant limitations: First, it does not fully consider the dynamic swaying of conductors caused by changes in wind speed and temperature (such as wind deflection and wind vibration) as well as the natural growth characteristics of trees (such as fast-growing poplars increasing in height by more than 1.5 meters per year), leading to unreasonable safety margin settings and a high risk of over-felling or leaving safety hazards. Second, in complex terrain conditions such as slopes and canyons, there is a large deviation between the static projected distance and the actual electrical clearance, making it difficult to reflect the true safety situation and affecting the scientific determination of the felling range.

[0003] To address the shortcomings of traditional methods, improved technologies based on laser point clouds, drone measurements, or tree growth models have emerged in recent years. For example, dynamic safety distance alerts can be provided using 3D point cloud data, or tree growth models can be used to predict potential tree-related hazards. However, these methods are mostly applied during the operation and maintenance phase after line commissioning, representing post-construction assessment. Furthermore, they typically rely on foreign software to process 3D data, resulting in poor compatibility with the 2D plan and section drawings (such as CAD formats) widely used in the design phase. This makes it difficult to achieve efficient and accurate determination of tree felling areas in the early design stages. In addition, using only the maximum wind deflection design value as a fixed parameter in the design phase, while simplifying calculations, fails to balance screening efficiency and accuracy, easily leading to indiscriminate felling and causing environmental and engineering resource pressures.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a method that can accurately determine the scope of tree felling during the design phase. This method should integrate static screening and dynamic verification, operate directly based on two-dimensional plan and cross-sectional diagrams, avoid complex three-dimensional data processing, thereby effectively improving verification efficiency and accuracy, and promoting the transformation of tree obstacle management from "passive treatment" to "design prevention" and "proactive prevention". Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved and the technical task proposed by this invention is to improve and refine existing technical solutions, and to provide a method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling potential tree hazards along the entire transmission line. To this end, this invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view includes the following steps: 1) Tree clearing verification under the main line: In the plan view of the overhead transmission line, set the lower conductor, safety line, ground tangent line, and a custom tree felling line. The tree felling line is an inverted simulation line of the sum of the actual height and the natural growth height of the tree. If the tree felling line is tangent to or intersects with the main line on the ground, it is determined that the distance between the trees under the main line does not meet the safety requirements and felling is required; 2) Tree clearing verification under the left and right basic edges: For the terrain within the range of the left and right basic edges, fit the terrain from the main line of the conductor to the edge into a geometric shape. And simulate tree growth height; through wind deflection safety height parameters, dynamically verify whether the wind deflection sway curve of the lower conductor collides with the simulated tree state. If there is no collision, the safety requirements are met; 3) Tree clearance verification outside special boundary lines: for dangerous points outside the cross-section line found in the field measurement, the special terrain is fitted into the cross-section terrain, added to the wind deflection cross-section map, and the safety distance is verified according to the tree clearance verification method under the left and right basic boundary lines; 4) Scattered tree clearance verification: for individual particularly tall scattered trees on site, the safety distance is directly verified based on their actual measured height to determine whether the requirements are met.

[0007] This method systematically divides the verification process into four progressive levels: "main line - edge line - special terrain - scattered trees," constructing a complete verification system from surface to point, from general to specific, ensuring no verification blind spots and achieving refined and closed-loop management of potential tree hazards along the route. Using static screening of the main line as a rapid initial screening method, followed by dynamic verification of key areas, this hybrid approach greatly improves overall verification efficiency, avoiding wasted computing power in areas where dynamic calculation is unnecessary, while providing accurate wind deflection safety analysis in critical areas, achieving a balance between dynamic accuracy and static efficiency. This method is primarily applied in the design phase, enabling accurate prediction and delineation of felling areas before construction, eliminating potential tree hazards at the blueprint stage, and achieving a fundamental shift from passive operation and maintenance to proactive design and prevention, effectively reducing later operation and maintenance costs and safety risks.

[0008] As a preferred technical means, in the tree clearing and verification of the main line, the main cross-section line includes a main cross-section line connected by a solid line and two basic side lines on the left and right, used to cover the terrain verification of different areas around the line. This allows technicians to quickly complete the initial safety screening of a large area of ​​trees below the main line within minutes on a large-scale plan view through visual observation or simple CAD commands, greatly improving processing efficiency compared to traditional manual point-by-point measurement.

[0009] As a preferred technical approach, in the tree clearing verification along the left and right basic edges, the setting of the wind deflection safety height parameter needs to consider the actual tree height, natural growth height, and dynamic wind deflection parameters. Upgrading the fixed safety distance to a dynamic model that considers wind deflection, tree growth, and terrain transforms the verification result from a static distance under ideal conditions to a dynamic gap in actual operation. This significantly improves the scientific validity and accuracy of the verification results and effectively avoids over-cutting or the creation of hidden dangers due to oversimplification of the model.

[0010] As a preferred technical approach, the plan and section drawing is a two-dimensional design drawing in CAD format, which can be directly verified without processing three-dimensional point clouds or meteorological data. This method operates directly on two-dimensional CAD plan and section drawings commonly used by design units, seamlessly integrating with existing design workflows. It eliminates the need to purchase expensive three-dimensional laser scanning equipment, rely on foreign professional software for processing three-dimensional point clouds, or provide complex three-dimensional modeling training for technical personnel. This makes the technology easy to promote and popularize across the industry, exhibiting high practicality and cost-effectiveness.

[0011] As a preferred technical approach, in the tree clearing verification along the left and right basic edges, the geometric shape is a triangle, used to simulate the terrain from the main cross-section of the guide line to the edge line. Using a triangle to simulate the terrain from the main line to the edge line is an optimal trade-off between computational complexity and terrain fit. The triangular model can better reflect the tilt trend of the terrain, and its geometric relationship is simple, facilitating rapid collision detection of wind drift curves, ensuring that the dynamic verification process is both relatively accurate and computationally efficient.

[0012] As a preferred technical approach, in the verification of tree obstruction outside the special boundary line, the special terrain is integrated into the wind deflection profile map, and dynamic wind deflection verification is performed. Any potential hazard points discovered during on-site investigation and located outside the standard profile can be included in the verification system. This greatly expands the applicability of the method, enabling precise capture and handling of hidden tree obstruction risks that are easily overlooked by conventional verification due to special terrain, enhancing the method's adaptability and flexibility to complex terrain.

[0013] As a preferred technical approach, the custom height of the tree felling line can be adjusted according to the tree species and growth characteristics to adapt to the verification requirements of different regions. Allowing the height of the tree felling line to be adjusted based on tree species and regional growth characteristics enables this method to flexibly adapt to the verification requirements of different regions and tree species, avoiding a one-size-fits-all fixed standard, making felling decisions more scientific and reasonable, and contributing to ecological environmental protection.

[0014] Beneficial effects: 1. Through the four-layer progressive verification system of main line - edge line - special terrain - scattered trees, refined control of the whole channel without blind spots is realized. It not only uses static screening to achieve rapid and large-scale preliminary investigation and improve efficiency, but also introduces dynamic wind deflection model in key areas to ensure accuracy and avoid one-size-fits-all. This hybrid mode fundamentally solves the problems of traditional methods being either inefficient or inaccurate.

[0015] 2. This method accurately identifies potential tree hazards during the line design phase, eliminating potential risks at the source and avoiding power outages and high emergency felling costs caused by tree obstructions after commissioning. It represents a shift from traditional post-event remediation to pre-event prevention, significantly improving the inherent safety level of the line and reducing the environmental and engineering burden on later operation and maintenance.

[0016] 3. This method directly verifies trees based on common 2D CAD design drawings, without the need to process complex 3D point cloud data or rely on foreign professional software. This greatly reduces the technical threshold, software procurement costs, and personnel training costs, enabling the high-precision tree verification method to be quickly adopted by all design institutes and operation and maintenance units, solving the problem of promoting advanced technologies that are unaffordable or difficult to use.

[0017] 4. Through dynamic models and customizable tree felling lines, the felling range is accurately quantified, minimizing over-feeding caused by excessive safety margins and protecting the ecological environment. At the same time, it ensures sufficient safety margins, avoiding the recurrence of hidden dangers due to insufficient margins, making felling decisions more scientific and environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 is a verification diagram of the main cross-section line in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is the right-side line verification diagram in this invention.

[0020] Figure 3 is the verification diagram of the left side line in this invention.

[0021] Figure 4 is a diagram of terrain verification outside the special boundary line in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5 is a diagram showing the terrain verification outside the special boundary line in this invention.

[0023] Figure 6 is a check diagram of the sporadic tree in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] This embodiment takes a tension section of a 110kV overhead transmission line project as an example to conduct tree felling inspection on the CAD plan and cross-section design drawing. The method includes the following steps: S1: Tree clearing verification under the main line: Based on the traditional static verification, as shown in Figure 1, in the overhead transmission line plan and cross-section drawing, the lower conductor, safety line, grounding line, and a custom tree felling line are set. The black conductor sag curve marked in Figure 1 is the lower conductor. A red curve below the lower conductor is the safety line. The vertical distance between the safety line and the lower conductor is set as the electrical safety distance according to the regulations and specifications. In this example, the electrical safety distance is 3 meters. A green curve below the safety line is the grounding line. Its vertical distance to the lower conductor is set as the ground safety distance according to the regulations and specifications. In this example, the ground safety distance is 7 meters. A pink custom curve below the grounding line is the tree felling line. The tree felling line is an inverted simulation line of the sum of the actual height of the tree and its natural growth height. The vertical distance from the lower conductor is determined based on the sum of the current average height and expected natural growth height of the main tree species in the corridor. In this example, the expected natural growth height is calculated based on a 10-year growth cycle. For example, if the current average height of the main tree species is 12 meters and the annual growth is 0.6 meters, then the growth over 10 years is 6 meters. Therefore, the height of the tree felling line is set to 12 meters + 6 meters = 18 meters, meaning the tree felling line is 18 meters from the lower conductor. This can be understood as the trees growing upside down on the black lower conductor. If the tree felling line is tangent to or intersects with the main cross-section line on the ground, it is determined that the distance between the trees under the main conductor does not meet the safety requirements and must be felled. If the tree felling line does not intersect or tangent with the main cross-section line, it is determined that the safety distance between the trees under the main conductor and the main cross-section line still meets the requirements after considering natural growth, and no felling is required. As shown in Figure 1, among the three lines shown below the tree felling line, the middle one is the main cross-section line, and the other two are the left and right basic edge lines. In this example, the project level has basic edge lines of 10 meters on each side. This step uses rapid static screening to verify the clearing of trees along the main line.

[0026] S2: Tree Clearance Verification on the Left and Right Basic Boundaries: For the basic boundary range of 10 meters on both sides of the main line, fit the terrain between the guide suspension point and the ground point at the boundary line into a triangle on the cross-sectional diagram, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. The solid triangle on the right is the terrain within the 10-meter range of the right boundary. Simulate tree growth height. In this example, assume the maximum height of trees in this area is 10 meters, and consider their natural growth height of 4 meters, then the total simulated tree height is 14 meters. In the wind deflection verification module, set the "wind deflection safe height" parameter to... The line is 14 meters long. Simultaneously, other dynamic parameters are input, such as crossarm length, wind deflection angle, insulator string length, high wind K-value, high wind safety distance, high temperature K-value, and high temperature safety distance. These parameters are provided by the line electrical calculations. The software automatically calculates and plots the lower conductor wind deflection sway curve based on these parameters. The relative position of this curve to the dashed triangle representing simulated trees is observed, dynamically verifying whether the lower conductor wind deflection sway curve collides with the simulated tree state. If there is no collision, the safety requirements are met. If the wind deflection sway curve intrudes into the dashed triangle, it is determined that the tree at that location needs to be cut down. This step, through dynamic wind deflection verification, achieves tree clearing verification along the left and right basic edges.

[0027] S3: Tree Clearance Verification Outside Special Boundary Lines: For dangerous points outside the cross-section line discovered during on-site measurements, the special terrain is fitted into a cross-section terrain and added to the wind deflection cross-section map. The safety distance is then verified using the same tree clearance verification method as the basic left and right boundary lines. In this example, on-site investigation revealed an isolated hill near kilometer marker K15, 25 meters from the line centerline. This hill extends beyond the basic boundary line and may pose a risk. Using the software's custom "Intelligent Add Wind Deflection Point" function (Figure 4), the elevation data of several characteristic points (points 1332 to 1335) on the hill's slope are added to the horizontal cross-section map, forming a special terrain line (Figure 5). This special terrain line is considered a new verification cross-section. Using the same method as in step S2, all the special terrain is fitted into a cross-section terrain. Under this cross-section, a "wind deflection safety height" is set based on the potential tree height on the hill, and the wind deflection swing of the lower guide wire is verified to determine if the safety distance is met. This step achieves tree clearance verification outside special boundary lines through supplementary dynamic verification.

[0028] S4: Scattered Tree Clearance Verification: For scattered trees that have passed the above three verification steps but still exist on site, such as an ancient tree reaching a height of 25 meters, they are handled separately. As shown in Figure 6, the location of the tree is directly located in the software. Since its height is known, there is no need to add growth to the "wind deflection safety height". The actual height of 25 meters is used directly as the verification benchmark for wind deflection and sway verification. If the clearance distance between the guide wire and the tree after wind deflection meets the specification requirements, it is retained; otherwise, a special treatment plan such as pruning or felling needs to be developed. This step achieves scattered tree clearance verification through precise point-to-point verification.

[0029] The method demonstrated in this example combines static screening of the main line with dynamic wind deflection verification of the edge line, significantly improving efficiency while ensuring verification accuracy. Practice shows that the analysis time for a single-span tree has been reduced from approximately 4 hours using traditional manual methods to 30 minutes. The greatest value of this method lies in moving the management focus forward, accurately predicting and delineating the logging area during the design phase. This fundamentally achieves a shift from "passive operation and maintenance" to "proactive design and prevention," significantly reducing subsequent operation and maintenance costs and safety risks.

[0030] This method can directly verify data based on 2D plan and section drawings in CAD format, without the need to process complex 3D point clouds or meteorological data. It seamlessly integrates with existing design processes, effectively eliminating reliance on foreign 3D software technology. This feature makes the method technically simple, cost-effective, and easy to promote and popularize. Furthermore, by integrating dynamic parameters such as guide vane deflection and temperature changes with tree growth characteristics and terrain corrections, it achieves accurate statistics on logging volume, avoiding over-logging due to excessive safety margins and eliminating potential hazards, thus achieving dual benefits of safety and environmental protection.

[0031] The above are specific embodiments of the present invention, which demonstrate the outstanding substantive features and significant progress of the present invention. Based on the actual needs of use, equivalent modifications in shape, structure, etc., can be made to it according to the teachings of the present invention, and all such modifications are within the scope of protection of this solution.

Claims

1. A method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: 1) Tree Clearance Verification under Main Line: In the overhead transmission line cross-section diagram, set the lower conductor, safety line, ground tangent line, and a custom tree felling line. The tree felling line is an inverted simulation line of the sum of the actual height and natural growth height of the tree. If the tree felling line is tangent to or intersects with the main cross-section line on the ground, it is determined that the distance between the trees under the main line does not meet the safety requirements and they need to be felled. 2) Tree Clearance Verification under Left and Right Basic Edges: For the terrain within the range of the left and right basic edges, fit the terrain from the main cross-section of the conductor to the edge into a geometric shape and simulate the tree growth height. Through the wind deflection safety height parameter, dynamically verify whether the wind deflection sway curve of the lower conductor collides with the simulated tree state. If there is no collision, the safety requirements are met. 3) Tree Clearance Verification outside Special Edges: For dangerous points outside the cross-section line found by on-site measurement, fit the special terrain into a cross-section terrain, add it to the wind deflection cross-section diagram, and perform safety distance verification according to the method of tree clearance verification under the left and right basic edges. 4) Scattered Tree Clearance and Verification: For individual, particularly tall, scattered trees on site, the safety distance is directly verified based on their actual measured height to determine whether the requirements are met.

2. The method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the tree clearing and inspection of the main line, the main cross-section line includes a main cross-section line connected by a solid line and two basic side lines on the left and right, which are used to cover the terrain inspection of different ranges around the line.

3. The method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the tree clearing verification under the basic left and right edges, the setting of the wind deflection safety height parameter needs to be combined with the actual height of the tree, the natural growth height, and the dynamic parameters of wind deflection.

4. The method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plan and cross-section drawing is a two-dimensional design drawing in CAD format, which can be directly verified without processing three-dimensional point cloud or meteorological data.

5. The method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the tree clearing verification of the left and right basic edges, the geometric shape is a triangle, which is used to simulate the terrain from the main cross section of the guide to the edge.

6. The method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the tree clearing verification outside the special boundary line, the special terrain is integrated into the wind deflection profile and dynamic wind deflection verification is performed.

7. The method for inspecting tree felling on a plan view according to claim 1, characterized in that: The custom height of the tree felling line can be adjusted according to the tree species and growth characteristics to adapt to the verification requirements of different areas.

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