Pediatric respiratory tract infection rapid diagnosis device

Abstract

The invention relates to a pediatric respiratory tract infection rapid diagnosis device. By setting a clinical manifestation database of various children respiratory diseases, data can be filled into the database according to external clinical manifestations of various children under different respiratory viruses; and the specific child respiratory tract infection virus type is determined through preliminary clinical manifestation data symptom judgment and further saliva detection, so that the diagnosis rhythm is accelerated, and the diagnosis accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of detection and diagnosis; specifically, it relates to a rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory infections. Background Technology

[0002] Children have poor non-specific and specific respiratory immune functions. For example, their cough reflex and ciliary movement are weak, making it difficult to effectively clear inhaled dust and foreign particles. Insufficient alveolar phagocytic cell function and temporary decline in helper T cell function in infants and young children result in low levels of secretory IgA, IgG, and especially the IgG2 subclass.In addition, insufficient levels and activity of lactoferrin, lysozyme, interferon, and complement make children more susceptible to respiratory infections; respiratory infections are particularly severe in autumn and winter; examination for respiratory diseases mainly involves observation and auscultation or serum saliva testing; common types of respiratory infections in children during autumn and winter include influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae; influenza is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets; the incubation period is generally 1-4 days; influenza in children often presents with sudden high fever, sore throat, cough, and chills, as well as headache or muscle aches; typical symptoms of adenovirus respiratory infection are cough, nasal congestion, and pharyngitis; it may cause enteritis and abdominal pain in children. Symptoms include diarrhea, etc.; Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important viral pathogen causing illness in children under 5 years old worldwide, and its strains mutate annually; symptoms include difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, wheezing, and loss of appetite; Mycoplasma pneumoniae virus also presents with symptoms of colds, coughs, and lethargy; Although the symptoms of many viral pathogens are similar, their clinical manifestations differ; for example, influenza and adenovirus infections often present with high fever above 39 degrees Celsius; influenza causes body aches and fatigue; adenovirus infection presents with high fever, cough, wheezing, and rapid breathing; and the fever lasts significantly longer than that of influenza and other viruses; while RSV infection generally causes fever around 38 degrees Celsius; its fever duration is shorter than... Adenovirus infection; while fever from Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection can also reach 39 degrees Celsius, and the cough is often characterized by sputum production; Patent application CN117288946A discloses a method for detecting influenza A virus using saliva; it directly collects saliva samples for qualitative detection of influenza A virus nucleoprotein, without the need for invasive blood sample collection; Patent CN106168623A discloses a respiratory adenovirus IgA antibody test strip and its detection method; saliva samples are collected using sterile absorbent cotton, then squeezed out with a syringe, and the saliva is detected using a rapid chromatographic strip for respiratory adenovirus IgA antibodies. IgA antibodies are used to rapidly diagnose respiratory adenovirus infections in patients. Existing technologies all rely on saliva collection and test strips to detect potential respiratory diseases. However, firstly, current saliva collection devices for children often require the child's mouth to be constantly stretched open, causing discomfort and resistance, leading to collection errors or insufficient saliva volume. Secondly, the saliva collection often contains many impurities, hindering accurate testing. Furthermore, given the existence of multiple possible respiratory diseases and their varying treatments, multiple different test strips may be needed after saliva collection to identify the specific pathogen, wasting time and medical resources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory infections. By establishing a database of clinical manifestations of various pediatric respiratory diseases, data can be populated into the database based on the external clinical manifestations of different respiratory viruses in various pediatric populations. Furthermore, by using preliminary clinical manifestation data for symptom assessment and further saliva testing, the specific type of pediatric respiratory infection virus can be determined, thereby accelerating the diagnostic process and improving diagnostic accuracy.

[0004] A pediatric respiratory infection symptom data system; it includes an observation system, a data recording and calculation system, a detection system, a data transmission system, a judgment system, and an instruction control system.

[0005] Furthermore, the observation system observed the clinical manifestations of influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae virus, with the observation sample based on the community. The clinical manifestations of multiple children diagnosed with influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae virus in the pediatric departments of hospitals within the community were used as sample data for observation.

[0006] Furthermore, the clinical manifestations of respiratory tract infections in children were determined by observing their body temperature data, duration of abnormal body temperature, number of coughs per unit time, degree of redness and swelling in the throat, heart rate per unit time, and respiratory rate per unit time.

[0007] Furthermore, after observing a sufficient amount of sample data, the above data is transmitted to the data recording and computing system for storage; and the different clinical manifestations of each type of respiratory tract infection virus after diagnosis are classified in the data recording and computing system; and the average value P of each virus type is calculated in terms of children's body temperature data, time of abnormal body temperature, number of coughs per unit time, degree of redness and swelling of the throat, number of heartbeats per unit time, and number of breaths per unit time. The average value is taken as the floating value P1 with a fluctuation of 5% above and below it. The average value P and the floating value P1 are stored.

[0008] Furthermore, using the average value P and the fluctuation value P1 as standards, the detection system is used to detect subsequent sick children, and the detected clinical symptom data of the children is transmitted to the data recording and calculation system. The average value P and the fluctuation value P1 of each clinical data of influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and mycoplasma pneumoniae virus in the data recording and calculation system are compared, and the virus type is preliminarily determined by the judgment system.

[0009] Furthermore, the preliminary virus type determined by the judgment system is transmitted to the command and control system, which then issues control commands.

[0010] A rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections includes a saliva extraction device, a saliva delivery device, and a reagent kit diagnostic device. The saliva extraction device includes a drive shaft, a connecting ring, a drive unit, a connecting rod, a tongue depressor, a push rod, a saliva collection rod, a saliva collection head, a moving block, a groove, a supporting arc-shaped block, a push rod, and a wedge-shaped top block.

[0011] Furthermore; the drive shaft and drive device are connected; the drive shaft can move in the child's mouth; the connecting ring is located on the side of the drive shaft near the outside of the child's mouth; the connecting ring and drive shaft are rotatably connected; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the bottom of the connecting ring; the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the tongue depressor; the connecting rod and connecting ring are fixedly connected, and the connecting rod and tongue depressor are hinged; a top rod is provided in the middle of the tongue depressor, one end of the top rod is connected to the upper end of the tongue depressor, and the other end of the top rod is suspended; one end of the saliva collection rod is connected to the middle of the top rod; the other end of the saliva collection rod is connected to the saliva collection head, and the saliva collection rod and the top rod are detachably connected.

[0012] Furthermore, the movable block is connected to the drive shaft via a key and is positioned on one side of the connecting ring, near the inside of the nozzle. The drive shaft has a sliding groove for the movable block to slide. The movable block is trapezoidal in shape, with one end larger than the other. The end closer to the connecting ring is the long side of the trapezoid, and the end further away from the connecting ring is the short side. The length of the short side of the trapezoid is equal to the diameter of the drive shaft. All four sides of the movable block on the side away from the connecting ring are in close contact with the outer wall of the drive shaft. Grooves are provided on the sidewalls of the movable block near the long side. The length of the push rod is set to be able to contact the sidewall of the movable block with the edge of the groove.

[0013] Furthermore; the supporting arc-shaped block is located on the side of the drive shaft that extends into the child's mouth; the supporting arc-shaped block is divided into left and right parts, with the left and right supporting arc-shaped blocks symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drive shaft, and the left and right supporting arc-shaped blocks are not connected to each other; the push rod is divided into left and right push rods; one end of the left push rod is connected to the left supporting arc-shaped block; the other end of the left push rod is connected to the left wedge-shaped top block; one end of the right push rod is connected to the right supporting arc-shaped block; the other end of the right push rod is connected to the right wedge-shaped top block; both the left and right wedge-shaped top blocks are magnetically connected to the drive shaft, in contact but not fixed, and the wedge-shaped top blocks can be inserted into the grooves on the moving block for fixation.

[0014] Furthermore, the saliva transfer device includes a compression filter chamber, a compression device, a filter screen, and a flow guide chamber; the compression filter chamber is located at the upper end of the flow guide chamber; the bottom end of the compression filter chamber is the filter screen; the filter screen is inclined; the compression device includes a cylinder, a compression rod, and a compression head; the cylinder is located at the top of the compression filter chamber; one end of the cylinder is connected to the compression rod; the other end of the compression rod is connected to the compression head, which is inclined parallel to the filter screen; an inlet for a saliva collection rod is provided on the side of the compression filter chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom wall of the flow chamber is inclined; a flow tube is connected to the bottom of the flow chamber, and the other end of the flow tube is connected to the diagnostic device of the reagent kit.

[0016] Furthermore, the diagnostic device of the reagent kit includes a diagnostic box; the top of the diagnostic box is provided with a dropper, which is connected to a guide tube outside the diagnostic box; the bottom of the reagent kit is provided with multiple test strips; each test strip area is A1 area, A2 area, A3 area, and A4 area; which correspond to the detection strips for influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae virus, respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, the dropper is equipped with four chambers: B1, B2, B3, and B4. Each of the four chambers is separated by a tube wall. Each tube wall is equipped with a connecting valve I. Each chamber has a dropper at its lower end. The droppers at the lower end of the four chambers correspond to the four test strip areas: A1, A2, A3, and A4, respectively. Each of the four chambers and its corresponding dropper is connected by a connecting valve II.

[0018] Furthermore, the reagent kit is internally equipped with an instruction receiving device and a valve control system; the instruction receiving device receives instructions and transmits them to the valve control system, which then controls connecting valve I and connecting valve II to allow saliva to drip onto the instruction test strip.

[0019] Beneficial effects: This invention establishes a database of clinical manifestations of different respiratory viral infections by labeling multiple samples and calculating average values ​​of clinical manifestations of common childhood respiratory viral infections through a pediatric respiratory infection symptom data system. Preliminary judgment is made based on the patient's clinical manifestations and the data in the database, allowing for the appropriate placement of saliva droplets on test strips, increasing the accuracy of diagnosis, saving medical resources, and accelerating the diagnostic process. A rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory infections is also included for saliva extraction and diagnosis. The device utilizes a variable outer diameter of the supporting arc-shaped block to ensure smooth insertion into the child's mouth. During saliva extraction, the variable outer diameter and rotation of the supporting arc-shaped block allow for optimal support and prevent discomfort to the child's mouth. This achieves smooth insertion into the mouth and variable outer diameter support, while also enabling tongue compression and micro-vibration of the tongue depressor during compression to promote saliva secretion. The saliva collection head also absorbs saliva more effectively during vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a saliva extraction device; Figure 2 A top view of the saliva extraction device; Figure 3This is a side view of the saliva extraction device; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the moving block; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a compression filter chamber; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the diagnostic kit; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a dropper.

[0021] 1-Drive shaft; 2-Connecting ring; 3-Connecting rod; 4-Tongue depressor; 5-Top rod; 6-Saliva collection rod; 7-Saliva collection head; 8-Moving block; 9-Groove; 10-Supporting arc block; 11-Push rod; 12-Wedge-shaped top block; 13-Compression and filtration chamber; 14-Cylinder; 15-Compression rod; 16-Compression head; 17-Filter screen; 18-Guide chamber; 19-Guide tube; 20-Diagnostic box; 21-Dropper; 22-Drop tip; 23-Test strip; 24-Cavity; 25-Tube wall. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] A pediatric respiratory infection symptom data system includes an observation system, a data recording and calculation system, a detection system, a data transmission system, a judgment system, and a command and control system. The observation system monitors the clinical manifestations of influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and mycoplasma pneumoniae virus, with community-based samples. The system uses clinical manifestations of multiple children diagnosed with influenza, adenovirus, RSV, and mycoplasma pneumoniae virus in pediatric wards within the community as sample data. Clinical symptoms of respiratory infections in children are defined as body temperature data, duration of abnormal body temperature, number of coughs per unit time, degree of throat redness and swelling, heart rate per unit time, and respiratory rate per unit time. After observing a sufficient amount of sample data, the data is transmitted to the data recording and calculation system for storage. The data recording and calculation system also analyzes the clinical manifestations of each diagnosed respiratory virus type. The system categorizes viral manifestations and calculates the average value P for each viral type across various factors, including body temperature, duration of abnormal temperature, number of coughs per unit time, degree of throat redness and swelling, heart rate per unit time, and respiratory rate per unit time. A 5% fluctuation above or below this average value is defined as the fluctuation value P1. Both the average value P and the fluctuation value P1 are stored. Using these values ​​as standards, the system detects subsequent cases in children and transmits the detected clinical symptom data to a data recording and calculation system. This data is then compared with the average value P and fluctuation value P1 for influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae viruses within the data recording and calculation system. A preliminary viral type determination is made by the judgment system, which transmits the preliminary virus type to the command and control system, which then issues control commands.

[0024] A rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections includes a saliva extraction device, a saliva delivery device, and a reagent kit diagnostic device. The saliva extraction device includes a drive shaft 1, a connecting ring 2, a drive unit, a connecting rod 3, a tongue depressor 4, a push rod 5, a saliva collection rod 6, a saliva collection head 7, a moving block 8, a groove 9, a supporting arc-shaped block 10, a push rod 11, and a wedge-shaped top block 12. The drive shaft 1 is connected to the drive unit. The drive shaft 1 can move in a child's mouth. The connecting ring 2 is located on the side of the drive shaft near the outside of the child's mouth. The connecting ring 2 and the drive shaft 1 are rotatably connected. One end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the bottom of the connecting ring 2. The other end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the tongue depressor 4. The connecting rod 3 and the connecting ring 2 are fixedly connected, and the connecting rod 3 and the tongue depressor 4 are hinged. The middle of the tongue depressor 4... The part is equipped with a push rod 5, one end of which is connected to the upper end of the tongue depressor 4, and the other end of the push rod 5 is suspended; one end of the saliva collection rod 6 is connected to the middle of the push rod 5; the other end of the saliva collection rod 6 is connected to the saliva collection head 7. The saliva collection rod 6 and the push rod 5 are detachably connected. The moving block 8 is keyed and mounted on the drive shaft, and is located on one side of the connecting ring 2 near the inside of the mouth; the drive shaft 1 is provided with a sliding groove for the moving block 8 to slide; the moving block 8 is a trapezoid with one end larger than the other; the end closer to the connecting ring 2 is the long side of the trapezoid; the end farther from the connecting ring 2 is the short side of the trapezoid; the length of the short side of the trapezoid is equal to the diameter of the drive shaft, and the four sides of the moving block 8 away from the connecting ring are all in close contact with the outer wall of the drive shaft 1; the moving block 8 is close to the... Grooves 9 are provided on the sidewalls of both sides of the long side; the length of the push rod 5 is set to be able to contact the sidewall of the movable block at the edge of the groove 9; the supporting arc block 10 is set on the side of the drive shaft 1 that extends into the child's mouth; the supporting arc block 10 is divided into left and right parts, the left supporting arc block 10 and the right supporting arc block 10 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drive shaft 1, and the left and right supporting arc blocks 10 are not connected; the push rod 11 is divided into left and right push rods; one end of the left push rod 11 is connected to the left supporting arc block 10; the other end of the left push rod 11 is connected to the left wedge-shaped top block 12; one end of the right push rod 11 is connected to the right supporting arc block 10; the other end of the right push rod 11 is connected to the right wedge-shaped top block 12; both the left and right wedge-shaped top blocks are magnetically connected to the drive shaft, in contact but not fixed, and the wedge-shaped top block 12 can extend into the movable part. The saliva transfer device includes a compression filter chamber 13, a compression device, a filter screen 17, and a flow guide chamber 18. The compression filter chamber 13 is located at the upper end of the flow guide chamber 18. The bottom end of the compression filter chamber 13 is the filter screen 17, which is inclined. The compression device includes a cylinder 14, a compression rod 15, and a compression head 16. The cylinder 14 is located at the top of the compression filter chamber. One end of the cylinder 14 is connected to the compression rod 15. The other end of the compression rod 15 is connected to the compression head 16, which is inclined and parallel to the filter screen. The side of the compression filter chamber has an inlet for the saliva collection rod 6. The bottom wall of the flow guide chamber 18 is inclined. The bottom of the flow guide chamber 18 is connected to a flow guide tube 19, and the other end of the flow guide tube 19 is connected to the reagent kit diagnostic device.The diagnostic kit includes a diagnostic box 20; a dropper 21 is provided at the top of the diagnostic box 20, and the dropper 21 is connected to a guide tube 19 on the outside of the diagnostic box 20; multiple test strips are provided at the bottom of the diagnostic box 20; each test strip area is designated as A1 area, A2 area, A3 area, and A4 area; these correspond to test strips for influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae virus, respectively; the dropper 21 has four chambers 24, B1, B2, B3, and B4; each of the four chambers 24 is separated by a tube wall 25. Each tube wall 25 is equipped with a connecting valve I; each chamber has a dropper 22 at its lower end, and the droppers 22 at the bottom of the four chambers 24 correspond to the four test strip areas A1, A2, A3, and A4, respectively. A connecting valve II is installed between each of the four chambers 24 and its corresponding dropper; the kit contains an instruction receiving device and a valve control system; the instruction receiving device receives instructions and transmits them to the valve control system, which then controls the connecting valves I and II to allow saliva to drip onto the indicated test strip.

[0025] The working process of this invention is as follows: Initially, the saliva extraction device is outside the child's mouth; when extracting saliva, the drive shaft is inserted into the child's mouth. Because the distance between the two supporting arc-shaped blocks is initially very short, the overall size of the saliva extraction device is small, allowing it to easily fit into the child's mouth; after insertion, the device drives the moving block to move on the drive shaft; until it moves to the wedge-shaped top block, the wedge-shaped top block is lifted, and the movement continues so that the wedge-shaped top block continuously contacts the side wall of the moving block. Because the moving block is trapezoidal in shape, the push rod continuously pushes the supporting arc-shaped blocks outward, thereby widening the child's mouth. During the process, the rear end of the moving block contacts the top rod, pressing the tongue depressor downwards. After the wedge-shaped top block is engaged in the groove, the drive shaft rotates, causing the supporting arc-shaped block to rotate in the child's mouth to find a suitable support position and reduce discomfort by rubbing the child's mouth. During this process, the top rod is continuously pressed downwards, causing the tongue depressor to vibrate slightly and press the tongue to secrete more saliva. The saliva collection head continuously collects saliva. After collection, the saliva collection head is inserted into the compression and filtration chamber to compress the saliva, squeezing out impurities. The saliva enters the diagnostic box through the guide tube and is dripped onto the corresponding test strip according to the instructions.

Claims

1. A rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections, characterized in that, This includes saliva extraction devices, saliva delivery devices, and reagent kit diagnostic devices.

2. The rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The saliva extraction device includes a drive shaft, a connecting ring, a drive unit, a connecting rod, a tongue depressor, a push rod, a saliva collection rod, a saliva collection head, a moving block, a groove, a supporting arc-shaped block, a push rod, and a wedge-shaped top block.

3. The rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive shaft is connected to the drive unit; the drive shaft moves in the child's mouth; the connecting ring is located on the side of the drive shaft near the outside of the child's mouth; the connecting ring and the drive shaft are rotatably connected; one end of the connecting rod is connected to the bottom of the connecting ring.

4. The rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections according to claim 3, characterized in that, The other end of the connecting rod is connected to a tongue depressor; the connecting rod and the connecting ring are fixedly connected, and the connecting rod and the tongue depressor are hinged; a top rod is provided in the middle of the tongue depressor, one end of the top rod is connected to the upper end of the tongue depressor, and the other end of the top rod is suspended; one end of the saliva collection rod is connected to the middle of the top rod.

5. The rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the saliva collection rod is connected to a saliva collection head, and the saliva collection rod and the top rod are detachably connected.

6. The rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections according to claim 5, characterized in that, The movable block is mounted on the drive shaft via a key connection and is positioned on one side of the connecting ring, near the inside of the nozzle. The drive shaft has a sliding groove for the movable block to slide. The movable block is trapezoidal, with one end larger than the other. The end closer to the connecting ring is the long side of the trapezoid, and the end further away from the connecting ring is the short side. The length of the short side of the trapezoid is equal to the diameter of the drive shaft. All four sides of the movable block on the side away from the connecting ring are in close contact with the outer wall of the drive shaft. Grooves are provided on the side walls of the movable block near the long side. The length of the push rod is set to be able to contact the side wall of the movable block with the edge of the groove.

7. The rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support arc block is located on the side of the drive shaft that extends into the child's mouth; the support arc block is divided into left and right parts, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the drive shaft, and the left and right support arc blocks are not connected.

8. The rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections according to claim 7, characterized in that, The push rod is divided into left and right push rods; one end of the left push rod is connected to the left support arc block; the other end of the left push rod is connected to the left wedge-shaped top block; one end of the right push rod is connected to the right support arc block; the other end of the right push rod is connected to the right wedge-shaped top block; both the left and right wedge-shaped top blocks are magnetically connected to the drive shaft, in contact but not fixed, and the wedge-shaped top blocks can be inserted into the grooves on the moving block for fixation.

9. The rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections according to claim 8, characterized in that, The saliva transfer device includes a compression filter chamber, a compression device, a filter screen, and a flow guide chamber; the compression filter chamber is located at the upper end of the flow guide chamber; the bottom end of the compression filter chamber is the filter screen; the filter screen is inclined.

10. The rapid diagnostic device for pediatric respiratory tract infections according to claim 9, characterized in that, The compression device includes a cylinder, a compression rod, and a compression head; the cylinder is located at the top of the compression filter chamber; one end of the cylinder is connected to the compression rod; the other end of the compression rod is connected to the compression head, which is inclined parallel to the filter screen; an extension inlet for a saliva collection rod is provided on the side of the compression filter chamber.

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