Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna structure and electronic equipment. The antenna structure comprises a first radiation branch knot which comprises a first sub-branch knot and a second sub-branch knot which intersect with each other; the first feeding point is arranged on the first sub-branch knot and is used for feeding a signal into the first sub-branch knot to enable the antenna structure to work in a first frequency band; the second feeding point is arranged on the second sub-branch knot and is used for feeding a signal into the second sub-branch knot to enable the antenna structure to work in a second frequency band; the center frequency of the second frequency band is smaller than that of the first frequency band; wherein when the antenna structure works at the first frequency band, the current on the first sub-branch can be dispersed to the second sub-branch. According to the embodiment of the invention, the radiation intensity of electromagnetic radiation on a human body can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more particularly to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic devices such as mobile phones, people have increasingly higher demands for the user experience and the communication capabilities of mobile phone antennas. However, better antenna radiation also means more energy will be absorbed by the human body during mobile phone use, potentially causing harm. Currently, to reduce harm to the human body and meet Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) regulations, the conducted power of the antenna is usually reduced, resulting in poor over-the-air performance (OTA) issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides an antenna structure and electronic device that can reduce the intensity of electromagnetic radiation on the human body.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna structure is provided, comprising:

[0005] The first radial branch includes the intersecting first and second sub-branches;

[0006] The first feed point is located at the first sub-stub and is used to feed a signal into the first sub-stub so that the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band.

[0007] The second feed point is located at the second sub-stub and is used to feed a signal to the second sub-stub so that the antenna structure operates in the second frequency band; the center frequency of the second frequency band is lower than the center frequency of the first frequency band.

[0008] When the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band, the current on the first sub-segment can be distributed to the second sub-segment.

[0009] In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes:

[0010] The first upper frame point and the second power supply point are located at different positions in the second sub-branch;

[0011] The first tuning circuit, with one end connected to the first upper frame point and the other end grounded, is used at least to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band, so that the current on the first sub-segment is distributed to the second sub-segment.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second sub-branch has a first end and a second end, the first end intersecting with the first sub-branch;

[0013] The second power supply point is located between the first end and the second end;

[0014] The first upper frame point is located at the second end;

[0015] The first tuning circuit is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the second frequency band.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first sub-branch and the second sub-branch are located on different straight lines;

[0017] The antenna structure also includes:

[0018] The second upper frame point is located at the intersection of the first sub-branch and the second sub-branch, and is grounded.

[0019] In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes:

[0020] The third upper frame point is set at the first sub-branch and is located on the side of the first feed point away from the second feed point;

[0021] The antenna structure also includes:

[0022] The second tuning circuit, with one end connected to the third upper frame point and the other end grounded, is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band.

[0023] In some embodiments, the length of the first sub-branch is between 26 mm and 32 mm; and / or,

[0024] The length of the second sub-branch is between 23 mm and 29 mm.

[0025] In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes:

[0026] The second radiating branch forms the fourth upper frame point;

[0027] The third radial branch is spaced between the first radial branch and the second radial branch, and is located on the same straight line as the first sub-branch;

[0028] The third tuning circuit, with one end connected to the fourth upper frame point and the other end grounded, is used at least to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band, so that the current on the first sub-segment can be dispersed to the second and third radiating segments.

[0029] In some embodiments, the second radial branch includes intersecting third and fourth sub-branches, and the third sub-branches, the third radial branch, and the first sub-branches are located on the same straight line;

[0030] The antenna structure also includes:

[0031] The third feed point is located at the intersection of the third sub-stub and the fourth sub-stub, and is used to feed a signal to the second radiating stub so that the antenna structure operates in the third frequency band; the center frequency of the third frequency band is less than the center frequency of the first frequency band;

[0032] The fourth upper frame point is located on the third sub-branch and on the side of the third feed point near the third radiating branch;

[0033] The third tuning circuit is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the third frequency band.

[0034] In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes:

[0035] The fifth upper frame point is set at the fourth sub-branch;

[0036] The impedance component is connected at one end to the fifth upper frame point and at the other end to ground.

[0037] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: an antenna structure as described in one or more of the above embodiments.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first sub-segment of the first radiating segment in the antenna structure is disposed at the bottom of the electronic device;

[0039] The second sub-branch of the first radiating branch is disposed on the first side of the electronic device.

[0040] In some embodiments, the third radiating stub, the third sub-stub of the second radiating stub, and the first sub-stub in the antenna structure are disposed at different positions on the bottom of the electronic device;

[0041] The fourth sub-branch in the antenna structure is located on the second side of the electronic device;

[0042] The second side and the first side are the two opposite sides of the electronic device.

[0043] In some embodiments, the electronic device includes a frame, the frame being at least partially made of a metallic material, the frame including a bottom frame, a first side frame, and a second side frame disposed opposite to the first side frame;

[0044] The bottom frame is provided with a first gap and a second gap, the first side frame is provided with a third gap, and the second side frame is provided with a fourth gap.

[0045] The border between the first slit and the third slit constitutes the first radial branch;

[0046] The border between the second gap and the fourth gap constitutes the second radial branch;

[0047] The border between the first slit and the second slit constitutes the third radial branch.

[0048] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:

[0049] In this embodiment, the first radiating stub can operate in both a first and a second frequency band, with the center frequency of the second band being lower than that of the first band. Furthermore, when the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band, the current on the first stub can be distributed to the second stub. In other words, when the antenna structure operates at a higher first frequency band, the current is no longer concentrated on the first stub but can be distributed between the first and second stubs. Thus, by optimizing the current distribution of the antenna, this embodiment can reduce the intensity of electromagnetic radiation to the human body, thereby lowering the SAR value. Simultaneously, by reducing the SAR value, it is possible to improve the antenna's over-the-air (OTA) performance without reducing the antenna's conducted power.

[0050] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sub-branch in an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an existing structure for reducing SAR values, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 .

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an existing structure for reducing SAR values, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 .

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0057] Figure 6 This is a simulation diagram illustrating the output reflection coefficient of the antenna structure of this disclosure, as shown in an exemplary embodiment.

[0058] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the comparison of the overall efficiency of the antenna structure of this disclosure with that of a conventional antenna.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the current distribution of a conventional antenna as shown in an exemplary embodiment.

[0060] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the current distribution of the antenna structure of this disclosure in an exemplary embodiment.

[0061] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0062] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0063] This disclosure provides an antenna structure. This antenna structure is applied in communication scenarios that reduce the antenna's SAR value. For example, when the antenna structure operates in the mid-to-high frequency band, the antenna structure of this disclosure can be used to disperse the current generated by the first sub-stub to the second sub-stub. This not only reduces the intensity of electromagnetic energy radiation to the human body (i.e., reduces the antenna SAR value), but also improves the antenna's OTA performance.

[0064] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sub-branch in an antenna structure according to an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the antenna structure includes:

[0065] The first radial branch 11 includes the intersecting first sub-branch 11a and second sub-branch 11b;

[0066] The first feed point 12 is located at the first sub-stub 11a and is used to feed a signal to the first sub-stub 11a so that the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band.

[0067] The second feed point 13 is located at the second sub-stub 11b and is used to feed a signal to the second sub-stub 11b so that the antenna structure operates in the second frequency band; the center frequency of the second frequency band is less than the center frequency of the first frequency band.

[0068] When the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band, the current on the first sub-segment 11a can be distributed to the second sub-segment 11b.

[0069] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the antenna structure is used to transmit and receive wireless signals, and can transmit and receive wireless communications such as Bluetooth (BT), WiFi, GPS, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and satellite communication.

[0070] It should be noted that the antenna structure can be applied to electronic devices, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, wearable devices, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). Wearable devices include, but are not limited to, smartwatches or smart bracelets.

[0071] The aforementioned first radiating branch can be formed by reusing the conductive frame of an electronic device, or it can be made of a flexible circuit board, or it can be formed by laser direct structuring (LDS) technology. This disclosure does not impose any limitations on the embodiments.

[0072] The aforementioned first radial branch includes intersecting first and second sub-branches. The first and second sub-branches may be located on different straight lines, i.e., the first radial branch has a bent structure; the first and second sub-branches may also be located on the same straight line, i.e., the first radial branch has a straight structure. This disclosure does not limit this aspect.

[0073] The aforementioned first feed point is used to feed a signal to the first sub-stub so that the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band.

[0074] It should be noted that the first frequency band can be a low frequency band, and the range of the first frequency band can be between 300KHz and 30MHz.

[0075] For example, the first frequency band includes, but is not limited to, LTE B28, B5, B8 and other frequency bands.

[0076] The aforementioned second feed point is used to feed signals into the second sub-stub, enabling the antenna structure to operate in the second frequency band.

[0077] It should be noted that the second frequency band can be a mid-to-high frequency band, and the range of the second frequency band can be between 30KHz and 300KHz.

[0078] For example, the second frequency band includes, but is not limited to, the B1, B3, B4, B7, B38, B39, B40, and B41 frequency bands in LTE; the B1 and B2 frequency bands in WCDMA; and the 1800 and 1900 frequency bands in GSM.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first feed point is located on the first sub-stub, and the second feed point is located on the second sub-stub. That is, by setting different feed points, the intersecting first and second sub-stubs can enable the same first radiating stub in the antenna structure to operate in different frequency bands.

[0080] It should be noted that the first and second power feeding points can be made of materials such as iron parts, copper foil, and conductors used in laser direct structuring (LDS) processes.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the length of the first sub-branch 11a is between 26 mm and 32 mm; and / or,

[0082] The length of the second sub-branch 11b is between 23 mm and 29 mm.

[0083] Here, the length of the first sub-node can be set to 29 mm, and the length of the second sub-node can be set to 26 mm.

[0084] In this embodiment of the disclosure, when the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band, the current generated by the first sub-stub can be distributed to the second sub-stub. Here, this embodiment of the disclosure can optimize the current distribution by adjusting the antenna aperture, extending the stub length, or using parasitic enhancement, so that the current can be distributed between the first and second sub-stubs.

[0085] It should be noted that the intersection of the first sub-stub and the second sub-stub constitutes the first radiating stub. When the antenna structure operates at a higher first frequency band, in order to reduce the SAR value, the embodiments of this disclosure perform current dispersion on different sub-stubs intersecting the same radiating stub.

[0086] It is understood that the first radiating stub can operate in both the first and second frequency bands, with the center frequency of the second band being lower than that of the first band. Furthermore, when the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band, the current in the first stub can be distributed to the second stub. In other words, when the antenna structure operates at a higher first frequency band, the current is no longer concentrated in the first stub but can be distributed between the first and second stubs. Thus, by optimizing the current distribution of the antenna, this embodiment can reduce the intensity of electromagnetic radiation to the human body, thereby lowering the SAR value. Simultaneously, while reducing the SAR value, it is not necessary to reduce the conducted power of the antenna, thereby improving the antenna's OTA performance.

[0087] For example, the first frequency band in which the antenna structure operates may include bands B1, B3, B40, and B41. This disclosure embodiment simulates the SAR values ​​of bands B1, B3, B40, and B41, obtaining a comparison table of simulation results. The comparison table shows that the antenna of this disclosure has higher efficiency than the reference antenna, and also lower SAR values ​​at a distance of 5 mm compared to the reference antenna. Thus, the antenna structure proposed in this disclosure embodiment not only meets SAR regulations but also improves the antenna's over-the-air (OTA) performance.

[0088]

[0089] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure further includes:

[0090] The first upper frame point 14 and the second power supply point 13 are located at different positions in the second sub-branch 11b;

[0091] The first tuning circuit (not shown in the figure) has one end connected to the first upper frame point and the other end grounded. It is used at least to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band, so that the current on the first sub-segment is distributed to the second sub-segment.

[0092] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first upper frame point is the upper frame point where the first tuning circuit connects to the second sub-branch.

[0093] It should be noted that the first upper frame point can also be made of materials such as iron, copper foil, or conductors used in the Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) process.

[0094] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the first tuning circuit may include at least one tuning branch and at least one controlled switch; each tuning branch may be connected to an impedance component and a controlled switch; a portion of the multiple tuning branches may be connected to an impedance component and a controlled switch, while another portion of the tuning branches may be connected to an impedance component; or a portion of the multiple tuning branches may be connected to an impedance component and a controlled switch, while another portion of the tuning branches may be connected to a controlled switch. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0095] It should be noted that each tuning branch can be connected to one or more impedance components. These multiple impedance components can be connected in series or parallel. Here, the impedance components in each tuning branch can be the same or different.

[0096] For example, the impedance components described above may include capacitors or inductors. The controlled switch described above may include a single-pole single-throw (SPST) switch.

[0097] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the current on the first sub-segment can be distributed to the second sub-segment through the tuning of the first tuning circuit. Here, the tuning of the first tuning circuit may include: tuning the resonant frequency of the second sub-segment by switching the switching state of the controlled switch included in the first tuning circuit, so that when operating in the first frequency band, current is distributed in both the first and second sub-segments.

[0098] For example, the first tuning circuit includes a tuning branch connected to a controlled switch and an impedance component. By switching the controlled switch of the tuning branch in the first tuning circuit, the resonant frequency of the second sub-stub is tuned, so that current can be distributed to the second sub-stub.

[0099] It is understood that, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna structure is tuned to operate in the first frequency band via a first tuning circuit, enabling the current to be distributed across both the first and second sub-stubs instead of being concentrated on the first sub-stub. Thus, by optimizing the current distribution of the antenna, the intensity of electromagnetic radiation to the human body can be reduced, thereby lowering the SAR value. Furthermore, while reducing the SAR value, it is not necessary to reduce the antenna's conducted power, thereby improving the antenna's OTA performance.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second sub-branch 11b has a first end and a second end 15, and the first end intersects with the first sub-branch 11a;

[0101] The second power supply point 13 is located between the first end and the second end 15;

[0102] The first upper frame point 14 is located at the second end 15;

[0103] The first tuning circuit is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the second frequency band.

[0104] In other words, by setting the first upper frame point on the side of the second feed point away from the first sub-stub, the first tuning circuit can also tune the antenna structure to operate in the second frequency band.

[0105] It should be noted that the first tuning circuit can be used to switch the controlled switches included in the first tuning circuit to different switching states, so as to enable the first tuning circuit to perform different tunings and enrich the functions of the first tuning circuit.

[0106] For example, when the controlled switch included in the first tuning circuit is in a first switching state, the first tuning circuit tunes the antenna structure to operate in a first frequency band, causing the current formed on the first sub-stub to be distributed to the second sub-stub. When the controlled switch included in the first tuning circuit is in a second switching state, the first tuning circuit tunes the antenna structure to operate in a second frequency band, causing the antenna structure to operate in the second frequency band with maximum transmission power.

[0107] It is understood that the first tuning circuit can not only tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band, but also tune the antenna structure to operate in the second frequency band. That is, by reusing the first tuning circuit, this embodiment of the present disclosure can not only reduce the SAR value and improve the OTA performance of the antenna, but also be compatible with transmitting and receiving wireless signals in the first and second frequency bands.

[0108] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first sub-branch 11a and the second sub-branch 11b are located on different straight lines;

[0109] The antenna structure also includes:

[0110] The second upper frame point 16 is located at the intersection of the first sub-branch 11a and the second sub-branch 11b, and is grounded.

[0111] In this embodiment, the first sub-branch and the second sub-branch are located on different straight lines, meaning the first radial branch can be a bent structure. Here, the included angle between the first sub-branch and the second sub-branch can be between 0 and 180 degrees.

[0112] For example, the angle between the first sub-node and the second sub-node can be 90 degrees.

[0113] In this embodiment, the second upper frame point is located at the intersection of the first sub-branch and the second sub-branch, and is grounded. That is, the second upper frame point is the lower location.

[0114] It is understandable that by setting the second upper frame point at the intersection of the first sub-stub and the second sub-stub and grounding it, when the antenna structure is working in the first frequency band, the current of the first sub-stub and the current of the second sub-stub both flow to the second upper frame point. This can be equivalent to the current of the first sub-stub and the current of the second sub-stub being in the same direction in space, so that the antenna structure can work better.

[0115] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure further includes:

[0116] The third upper frame point 17 is set at the first sub-branch 11a and is located on the side of the first feed point 12 away from the second feed point 13;

[0117] The antenna structure also includes:

[0118] The second tuning circuit (not shown in the figure) is connected at one end to the third upper frame point 17 and the other end is grounded, and is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band.

[0119] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the third upper frame point is the upper frame point where the second tuning circuit connects to the first sub-branch.

[0120] It should be noted that the third upper frame point can also be made of materials such as iron, copper foil, or conductors used in the Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) process.

[0121] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the second tuning circuit is used to perform impedance matching tuning and / or resonant frequency tuning of the antenna structure operating in the first frequency band.

[0122] It should be noted that the second tuning circuit may also include at least one tuning branch and at least one controlled switch; each tuning branch may be connected to an impedance component and a controlled switch; a portion of the multiple tuning branches may be connected to an impedance component and a controlled switch, while another portion of the tuning branches may be connected to an impedance component; or a portion of the multiple tuning branches may be connected to an impedance component and a controlled switch, while another portion of the tuning branches may be connected to a controlled switch.

[0123] Here, the second tuning circuit and the first tuning circuit can be the same tuning circuit, or they can be different tuning circuits.

[0124] For example, the second tuning circuit can be used to switch the switching state of the controlled switches included in the second tuning circuit to achieve tuning, so that the antenna structure can operate at maximum transmit power in the first frequency band.

[0125] It is understood that the embodiments of this disclosure can be tuned together by the first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit, so that the antenna structure can not only work better in the first frequency band, but also distribute the current to the first sub-stub and the second sub-stub, thereby reducing the SAR value and improving the OTA performance of the antenna.

[0126] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure further includes:

[0127] The second radiating branch 18 forms the fourth upper frame point 19;

[0128] The third radial branch 20 is spaced between the first radial branch 11 and the second radial branch 18, and is located on the same straight line as the first sub-branch 11a;

[0129] The third tuning circuit (not shown in the figure) is connected at one end to the fourth upper frame point 19 and the other end is grounded. It is used at least to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band so that the current on the first sub-segment 11a can be dispersed to the second radiating segment 18 and the third radiating segment 20.

[0130] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the fourth upper frame point is the upper frame point where the third tuning circuit connects to the second radiating branch.

[0131] It should be noted that the fourth upper frame point can also be made of materials such as iron, copper foil, or conductors used in the Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) process.

[0132] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the third radiating branch is spaced between the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch. That is, there is a gap between the third radiating branch and the first radiating branch, and there is also a gap between the third radiating branch and the second radiating branch.

[0133] It should be noted that this third radiating stub can be a suspended stub, without an upper frame point or a feed point. For example, this third radiating stub can be a suspended metal strip.

[0134] In this embodiment, the third tuning circuit is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band, so that the current on the first sub-stub can be distributed to the second and third radiating stubs. That is, current is distributed in the first, second, and third radiating stubs.

[0135] It should be noted that the third tuning circuit may also include at least one tuning branch and at least one controlled switch; each tuning branch may be connected to an impedance component and a controlled switch; a portion of the multiple tuning branches may be connected to an impedance component and a controlled switch, while another portion of the tuning branches may be connected to an impedance component; or a portion of the multiple tuning branches may be connected to an impedance component and a controlled switch, while another portion of the tuning branches may be connected to a controlled switch.

[0136] Here, the third tuning circuit and the first tuning circuit can be the same tuning circuit, or they can be different tuning circuits.

[0137] For example, the third tuning circuit can be used to switch the switching state of the controlled switches included in the third tuning circuit to achieve tuning in order to achieve current dispersion.

[0138] It should be noted that when the antenna structure is operating in the first frequency band, the second sub-stub and the second radiating stub can act as parasitic stubs to disperse the current on the first sub-stub; the third radiating stub can be used to extend the length of the first sub-stub to disperse the current on the first sub-stub.

[0139] It is understood that when the antenna module operates in the first frequency band, the current can be dispersed to the second sub-stub through the first tuning circuit, and the current can be dispersed to the second and third radiating stubs through the third tuning circuit. Thus, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, the current can be distributed among the first, second, second, and third sub-stubs, thereby maximizing current dispersion and further improving the antenna's OTA performance while reducing the SAR value.

[0140] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second radial branch 18 includes intersecting third sub-branch 18a and fourth sub-branch 18b, and the third sub-branch 18a, the third radial branch 20 and the first sub-branch 11a are located on the same straight line;

[0141] The antenna structure also includes:

[0142] The third feed point 21 is located at the intersection of the third sub-stub 18a and the fourth sub-stub 18b, and is used to feed a signal to the second radiating stub 18 so that the antenna structure operates in the third frequency band; the center frequency of the third frequency band is less than the center frequency of the first frequency band.

[0143] The fourth upper frame point 19 is located on the third sub-branch 18a and on the side of the third feed point 21 close to the third radiating branch 20.

[0144] The third tuning circuit is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the third frequency band.

[0145] In this embodiment, the third feed point is used to feed a signal to the second radiating stub, causing the antenna structure to operate in the third frequency band. The length of the second radiating stub is negatively correlated with the center frequency of the third frequency band. That is, the longer the second radiating stub, the lower the corresponding center frequency of the third frequency band.

[0146] It should be noted that the third frequency band can be the frequency band corresponding to low frequencies, and the range of the third frequency band can be between 300KHz and 30MHz.

[0147] For example, the third frequency band includes, but is not limited to, LTE B28, B5, B8, and other frequency bands. Here, the third frequency band and the second frequency band may be the same low frequency band or different low frequency bands; this disclosure does not impose any limitations on this.

[0148] It should be noted that the aforementioned third power supply point can also be made of materials such as iron, copper foil, or conductors used in laser direct structuring (LDS) processes.

[0149] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the third tuning circuit can be used to switch the controlled switches included in the third tuning circuit to different switching states, so as to enable the third tuning circuit to perform different tunings and enrich the functions of the third tuning circuit.

[0150] For example, when the controlled switch included in the third tuning circuit is in the third switching state, the third tuning circuit tunes the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band, causing the current formed on the first sub-stub to be distributed to the second and third radiating stubs. When the controlled switch included in the third tuning circuit is in the fourth switching state, the third tuning circuit tunes the antenna structure to operate in the third frequency band, causing the antenna structure to operate in the third frequency band with maximum transmit power.

[0151] It is understandable that the third sub-stub, the third radiating stub, and the first sub-stub are located on the same straight line, which increases the current distribution path along the same straight line. Since the fourth sub-stub and the second sub-stub are located on different straight lines, the current in the embodiments of this disclosure can also be distributed across different straight lines, achieving maximum current dispersion.

[0152] Furthermore, the third tuning circuit can not only tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band, but also tune the antenna structure to operate in the third frequency band. That is, by reusing the third tuning circuit, this embodiment of the present disclosure can not only reduce the SAR value and improve the OTA performance of the antenna, but also be compatible with transmitting and receiving wireless signals in the first and third frequency bands.

[0153] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure further includes:

[0154] The fifth upper frame point 22 is located at the fourth sub-branch 18b;

[0155] An impedance component (not shown in the figure) is connected at one end to the fifth upper frame point 22 and at the other end to ground.

[0156] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the fifth upper frame point is the upper frame point where the impedance component connects to the fourth sub-branch.

[0157] It should be noted that the fifth upper frame point can also be made of materials such as iron, copper foil, or conductors used in the Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) process.

[0158] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the impedance component comprises at least one capacitor and / or at least one inductor. When the impedance component comprises multiple components, the multiple components can be connected in series and parallel on the connection line between ground and the fifth upper frame point.

[0159] For example, the impedance component includes an inductor, one end of which is connected to the fifth upper frame point and the other end is grounded.

[0160] It is understandable that setting a fifth upper frame point on the fourth sub-segment can disperse the current towards the fifth upper frame point when the antenna structure is operating in the first frequency band.

[0161] This disclosure also provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes the antenna structure described in one or more of the above embodiments.

[0162] The aforementioned electronic devices include smartphones, tablets, laptops, or wearable devices. Wearable devices include, but are not limited to, smartwatches or smart bracelets.

[0163] It is understood that electronic devices include antenna structures, in which a first radiating stub can operate in a first frequency band and a second frequency band, with the center frequency of the second frequency band being lower than the center frequency of the first frequency band. Furthermore, when the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band, the current on the first stub can be distributed to the second stub. In other words, when the antenna structure operates at a higher first frequency band, the current is no longer concentrated on the first stub but can be distributed between the first and second stubs. Thus, by optimizing the current distribution of the antenna, the embodiments of this disclosure can reduce the intensity of electromagnetic radiation to the human body, thereby reducing the SAR value. Simultaneously, while reducing the SAR value, it is not necessary to reduce the conducted power of the antenna, thereby improving the antenna's OTA performance.

[0164] In some embodiments, the first sub-segment of the first radiating segment in the antenna structure is disposed at the bottom of the electronic device;

[0165] The second sub-branch of the first radiating branch is disposed on the first side of the electronic device.

[0166] In other words, when the antenna structure of the electronic device is operating in the first frequency band, the current on the first sub-segment can be dispersed to the first side of the electronic device, achieving extreme current dispersion. This not only reduces the SAR value but also eliminates the need to lower the conducted power of the antenna, thereby improving the OTA performance of the antenna.

[0167] In some embodiments, the third radiating stub, the third sub-stub of the second radiating stub, and the first sub-stub in the antenna structure are disposed at different positions on the bottom of the electronic device;

[0168] The fourth sub-branch in the antenna structure is located on the second side of the electronic device;

[0169] The second side and the first side are the two opposite sides of the electronic device.

[0170] In other words, when the antenna structure of the electronic device operates in the first frequency band, the current on the first sub-segment can be dispersed not only to the first side of the electronic device, but also to the bottom and second side of the electronic device. That is, current can be distributed at the bottom, the first side, and the second side of the electronic device, thereby achieving maximum current dispersion and further improving the OTA performance of the antenna while reducing the SAR value.

[0171] Furthermore, the embodiments of this disclosure, while distributing current at the bottom and two sides of the electronic device, are also compatible with transmitting and receiving the first, second, and third frequency bands, enabling the electronic device to perform the functions of more antennas.

[0172] For example, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an existing structure for reducing SAR values, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 . Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an existing structure for reducing SAR values, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 .like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, antennas 1 and 2 employ a single method for dispersing SAR hotspots.

[0173] Based on this, the current on the first sub-segment of the antenna structure proposed in this embodiment can not only be dispersed to the first side of the electronic device, but also dissipate heat to the bottom and second side of the electronic device respectively. This not only makes the current dispersion method more flexible, but also achieves maximum current dispersion, further improving the antenna's OTA performance while reducing the SAR value.

[0174] In some embodiments, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device includes a frame 101, which is at least partially made of metal material. The frame 101 includes a bottom frame, a first side frame, and a second side frame disposed opposite to the first side frame.

[0175] The bottom frame is provided with a first gap 102 and a second gap 103 at intervals, the first side frame is provided with a third gap 104, and the second side frame is provided with a fourth gap 105.

[0176] The border between the first gap 102 and the third gap 104 constitutes the first radial branch;

[0177] The border between the second gap 103 and the fourth gap 105 constitutes the second radial branch;

[0178] The border between the first slit 102 and the second slit 103 constitutes the third radial branch.

[0179] In this embodiment, the first gap, second gap, third gap, and fourth gap are all continuous and separate the corresponding frame. Furthermore, the first gap, second gap, third gap, and fourth gap may all be filled with insulating material, such as plastic, rubber, glass, wood, ceramic, etc., and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0180] It should be noted that the widths of the first, second, third, and fourth gaps can be set according to the actual situation, and can all be set between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. For example, the widths of the first, second, third, and fourth gaps can all be set to 0.8 mm, 1 mm, or 1.2 mm.

[0181] It is understood that the first radiating stub, the second radiating stub, and the third radiating stub in the embodiments of this disclosure can all be formed by reusing the frame, which can reduce the space occupied by the antenna structure in the electronic device and improve the space utilization of the electronic device.

[0182] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, the distance from the first upper frame point 14 to the first sub-branch 11a can be between 16.5 mm and 22.5 mm. For example, the distance from the first upper frame point 14 to the first sub-branch 11a is set to 19.5 mm.

[0183] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance from the second feed point 13 to the first sub-stub 11a can be between 7 mm and 13 mm. For example, the distance from the second feed point 13 to the first sub-stub 11a can be set to 10 mm.

[0184] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance from the first feed point 12 to the first gap 102 can be between 16.5 mm and 22.5 mm. For example, the distance from the first feed point 12 to the first gap 102 can be set to 19.5 mm.

[0185] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance from the third upper frame point 17 to the first gap 102 can be between 1.5 mm and 7.5 mm. For example, the distance from the third upper frame point 17 to the first gap 102 can be set to 4.5 mm.

[0186] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance between the first feed point 12 and the third upper frame point 17 can be between 12 mm and 18 mm. For example, the distance between the first feed point 12 and the third upper frame point 17 can be set to 15 mm.

[0187] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the length of the third radiating branch 20 can be between 12 mm and 18 mm. For example, the length of the third radiating branch 20 can be set to 15 mm.

[0188] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the length of the third sub-node 18a can be between 26 mm and 32 mm. For example, the length of the third sub-node 18a can be set to 29 mm.

[0189] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance from the fifth upper frame point 22 to the third sub-branch 18a can be between 14.5 mm and 20.5 mm. For example, the distance from the fifth upper frame point 22 to the third sub-branch 18a can be set to 17.5 mm.

[0190] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the second side frame is further provided with a fifth gap 106. Here, the frame between the fifth gap 106 and the fourth gap 105 and the frame between the fifth gap 106 and the third gap 103 can constitute a second radial branch.

[0191] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance between the fifth slit 106 and the fourth slit 105 can be between 32 mm and 38 mm. For example, the distance between the fifth slit 106 and the fourth slit 105 can be set to 35 mm.

[0192] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the distance from the fifth slit 106 to the third sub-node 18a can be between 42 mm and 48 mm. For example, the distance from the fifth slit 106 to the third sub-node 18a can be set to 45 mm.

[0193] For example, the first frequency bands in which the antenna structure of this disclosure operates include: the B1 band, the B3 band, the B40 band, and the B41 band. Figure 6 This is a simulation diagram illustrating the output reflection coefficient of the antenna structure of this disclosure, as shown in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz; the vertical axis represents the output reflection coefficient S22 in dB.

[0194] S22_B1 represents the output reflection coefficient curve of the antenna structure of this disclosure operating in the B1 frequency band; S22_B3 represents the output reflection coefficient curve of the antenna structure of this disclosure operating in the B3 frequency band; S22_B40 represents the output reflection coefficient curve of the antenna structure of this disclosure operating in the B40 frequency band; S22_B41 represents the output reflection coefficient curve of the antenna structure of this disclosure operating in the B41 frequency band.

[0195] Depend on Figure 6 It is known that the antenna structure disclosed herein has a superior output reflection coefficient in the B1, B3, B40 and B41 frequency bands.

[0196] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment, comparing the overall efficiency of the antenna structure of this disclosure with that of a conventional antenna. Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 As shown, the horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz; the vertical axis represents total efficiency (SE) in dB.

[0197] SE_B1 represents the curve of the overall efficiency of the antenna structure of this disclosure operating in the B1 band; SE_B1_IFA represents the curve of the overall efficiency of the existing antenna operating in the B1 band.

[0198] SE_B3 represents the curve of the overall efficiency of the antenna structure of this disclosure operating in the B3 frequency band; SE_B3_IFA represents the curve of the overall efficiency of the existing antenna operating in the B3 frequency band.

[0199] SE_B40 represents the curve of the overall efficiency of the antenna structure of this disclosure operating in the B40 frequency band; SE_B40_IFA represents the curve of the overall efficiency of the existing antenna operating in the B40 frequency band.

[0200] SE_B41 represents the curve of the overall efficiency of the antenna structure of this disclosure operating in the B41 frequency band; SE_B41_IFA represents the curve of the overall efficiency of the existing antenna operating in the B41 frequency band.

[0201] Depend on Figure 7 It is evident that the antenna structure disclosed herein exhibits superior overall efficiency in the B1, B3, B40, and B41 frequency bands.

[0202] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the current distribution of a conventional antenna as shown in an exemplary embodiment. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the current distribution of the antenna structure of this disclosure in an exemplary embodiment.

[0203] like Figure 8 As shown, the current distribution of an existing antenna (e.g.) Figure 8 The light gray area is concentrated on the lower right side of the electronic device.

[0204] like Figure 9 As shown, the current distribution of the antenna structure disclosed in this invention (e.g.) Figure 9 The light gray area can dissipate heat at the bottom and two sides of the electronic device, thereby maximizing current dispersion and further improving the OTA performance of the antenna while reducing the SAR value.

[0205] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, the electronic device may be a mobile phone, computer, digital broadcasting terminal, messaging device, game console, tablet device, medical device, fitness equipment, personal digital assistant, etc.

[0206] Reference Figure 10 The electronic device may include one or more of the following components: processing component 1002, memory 1004, power supply component 1006, multimedia component 1008, audio component 1010, input / output (I / O) interface 1012, sensor component 1014, and communication component 1016.

[0207] Processing component 1002 typically controls the overall operation of an electronic device, such as operations associated with at least one of display, telephone call, data communication, camera operation, and recording operation. Processing component 1002 may include one or more processors 1020 to execute instructions to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described above. Furthermore, processing component 1002 may include one or more modules to facilitate interaction between processing component 1002 and other components. For example, processing component 1002 may include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 1008 and processing component 1002.

[0208] Memory 1004 is configured to store various types of data to support operation on the electronic device. Examples of such data include at least one of the following: instructions for any application or method operating on the electronic device, contact data, phonebook data, messages, pictures, and videos. Memory 1004 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0209] Power supply component 1006 provides power to various components of an electronic device. Power supply component 1006 may include at least one of the following: a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to the electronic device.

[0210] Multimedia component 1008 includes a screen that provides an output interface between the electronic device and the user. In some embodiments, the screen may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and a Touch Panel (TP). If the screen includes a Touch Panel, the screen may be implemented as a touchscreen to receive input signals from the user. The Touch Panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the Touch Panel. The touch sensors may sense not only the boundaries of touch or swipe actions but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe operation. In some embodiments, multimedia component 1008 includes a front-facing camera and / or a rear-facing camera. When the electronic device is in an operating mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front-facing camera and / or the rear-facing camera may receive external multimedia data. Each front-facing camera and rear-facing camera may be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.

[0211] Audio component 1010 is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, audio component 1010 includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when the electronic device is in an operating mode, such as call mode, recording mode, and voice recognition mode. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 1004 or transmitted via communication component 1016. In some embodiments, audio component 1010 also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0212] I / O interface 1012 provides an interface between processing component 1002 and peripheral interface modules, such as keyboards, click wheels, and buttons. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, home buttons, volume buttons, power buttons, and lock buttons.

[0213] Sensor assembly 1014 includes one or more sensors for providing state assessments of various aspects of the electronic device. For example, sensor assembly 1014 may detect the on / off state of the electronic device, the relative positioning of components such as the display and keypad of the electronic device, changes in the position of the electronic device or a component within the electronic device, the presence or absence of user contact with the electronic device, the orientation or acceleration / deceleration of the electronic device, and temperature changes of the electronic device. Sensor assembly 1014 may include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. Sensor assembly 1014 may also include an optical sensor, such as a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) or Charge Coupled Device (CCD) image sensor, for use in imaging applications. In some embodiments, sensor assembly 1014 may also include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor.

[0214] Communication component 1016 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between electronic devices and other devices. The electronic devices can access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as Wi-Fi, 4G, 5G, or combinations thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 1016 receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 1016 also includes a Near Field Communication (NFC) module to facilitate short-range communication. For example, the NFC module may be implemented based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Infrared Data Association (IrDA), Ultra Wide Band (UWB), Bluetooth (BT), and other technologies.

[0215] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components.

[0216] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the claims.

[0217] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: The first radial branch includes the intersecting first and second sub-branches; The first feed point is located at the first sub-stub and is used to feed a signal into the first sub-stub so that the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band. The second feed point is located at the second sub-stub and is used to feed a signal to the second sub-stub so that the antenna structure operates in the second frequency band; the center frequency of the second frequency band is lower than the center frequency of the first frequency band. When the antenna structure operates in the first frequency band, the current on the first sub-segment can be distributed to the second sub-segment.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes: The first upper frame point and the second power supply point are located at different positions in the second sub-branch; The first tuning circuit, with one end connected to the first upper frame point and the other end grounded, is used at least to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band, so that the current on the first sub-segment is distributed to the second sub-segment.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second sub-branch has a first end and a second end, the first end intersecting the first sub-branch; The second power supply point is located between the first end and the second end; The first upper frame point is located at the second end; The first tuning circuit is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the second frequency band.

4. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first sub-branch and the second sub-branch are located on different straight lines; The antenna structure also includes: The second upper frame point is located at the intersection of the first sub-branch and the second sub-branch, and is grounded.

5. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes: The third upper frame point is set at the first sub-branch and is located on the side of the first feed point away from the second feed point; The antenna structure also includes: The second tuning circuit, with one end connected to the third upper frame point and the other end grounded, is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band.

6. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The length of the first sub-node is between 26 mm and 32 mm; and / or, The length of the second sub-branch is between 23 mm and 29 mm.

7. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes: The second radiating branch forms the fourth upper frame point; The third radial branch is spaced between the first radial branch and the second radial branch, and is located on the same straight line as the first sub-branch; The third tuning circuit, with one end connected to the fourth upper frame point and the other end grounded, is used at least to tune the antenna structure to operate in the first frequency band, so that the current on the first sub-segment can be dispersed to the second and third radiating segments.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second radial branch includes an intersecting third sub-branch and a fourth sub-branch, and the third sub-branch, the third radial branch, and the first sub-branch are located on the same straight line; The antenna structure also includes: The third feed point is located at the intersection of the third sub-stub and the fourth sub-stub, and is used to feed a signal to the second radiating stub so that the antenna structure operates in the third frequency band; the center frequency of the third frequency band is less than the center frequency of the first frequency band; The fourth upper frame point is located on the third sub-branch and on the side of the third feed point near the third radiating branch; The third tuning circuit is used to tune the antenna structure to operate in the third frequency band.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The antenna structure also includes: The fifth upper frame point is set at the fourth sub-branch; The impedance component is connected at one end to the fifth upper frame point and at the other end to ground.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including the antenna structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first sub-segment of the first radiating segment in the antenna structure is located at the bottom of the electronic device; The second sub-branch of the first radiating branch is disposed on the first side of the electronic device.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The third radiating stub, the third sub-stub of the second radiating stub, and the first sub-stub in the antenna structure are located at different positions on the bottom of the electronic device. The fourth sub-branch in the antenna structure is located on the second side of the electronic device; The second side and the first side are the two opposite sides of the electronic device.

13. The electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a frame, which is at least partially made of a metal material. The frame includes a bottom frame, a first side frame, and a second side frame disposed opposite to the first side frame. The bottom frame is provided with a first gap and a second gap, the first side frame is provided with a third gap, and the second side frame is provided with a fourth gap. The border between the first slit and the third slit constitutes the first radial branch; The border between the second gap and the fourth gap constitutes the second radial branch; The border between the first slit and the second slit constitutes the third radial branch.

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