Antenna array control system, method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a control system, method and device of an antenna array, and the system comprises a plurality of reconfigurable antenna units which comprise microstrip antenna subunits for millimeter wave frequency bands and dipole antenna subunits for medium and low frequency bands, the microstrip antenna subunit and the dipole antenna subunit are integrated through a shared substrate; the programmable feed network is connected with the plurality of reconfigurable antenna units, the programmable feed network comprises a multi-port coupler and an adaptive matching circuit integrated in the multi-port coupler, and the programmable feed network establishes independent transmission channels for signals of different frequency bands by changing the on-off state of an internal switch matrix; and the digital control module is connected with the programmable feed network and the plurality of reconfigurable antenna units, and the digital control module is used for calculating a complex weight vector used for controlling a beam shape based on the channel state information acquired in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of wireless communication technology, and specifically relates to a control system, method and apparatus for an antenna array. Background Technology

[0002] A multi-band millimeter-wave antenna array is an antenna system that integrates multiple millimeter-wave frequency bands. Primarily used for 5G and future wireless communications, it can simultaneously support low-to-mid-frequency bands (such as below 6 GHz) and millimeter-wave bands to meet transmission requirements in various scenarios. Multi-band millimeter-wave antenna arrays in related technologies typically achieve multi-band coverage by stacking or arranging multiple independent antenna elements side-by-side.

[0003] However, this implementation method of related technologies suffers from problems such as large antenna element size and bulky overall array size, resulting in low system integration and inconvenient deployment. Furthermore, the poor isolation between different frequency bands easily leads to signal interference, affecting communication quality and data transmission efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an antenna array to address the aforementioned problems of related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a control system, method, and apparatus for an antenna array to address the problems of large antenna element size, bulky overall array size, and poor isolation between different frequency bands in related multi-band millimeter-wave antenna arrays, which easily lead to signal interference and affect communication quality and data transmission efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a control system for an antenna array, comprising: Multiple reconfigurable antenna elements, the reconfigurable antenna elements including microstrip antenna sub-elements for millimeter-wave bands and dipole antenna sub-elements for mid-low frequency bands, the microstrip antenna sub-elements and dipole antenna sub-elements being integrated via a shared substrate; A programmable feed network, connected to the plurality of reconfigurable antenna elements, includes a multi-port coupler and an adaptive matching circuit integrated therein. The programmable feed network establishes independent transmission channels for signals of different frequency bands by changing the on / off state of an internal switching matrix. The adaptive matching circuit compensates for impedance mismatch in a specified frequency band and calculates the degree of impedance mismatch based on the reflected wave signals of each reconfigurable antenna element, so as to match the impedance of each reconfigurable antenna element to the target impedance based on the degree of impedance mismatch. A digital control module is connected to the programmable feed network and the plurality of reconfigurable antenna elements. The digital control module calculates a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on the channel state information acquired in real time, and dynamically controls the excitation phase and amplitude of each of the reconfigurable antenna elements based on the complex weight vector.

[0006] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a method for controlling an antenna array, including: Based on the initial control signal from the external system, the operating frequency band is determined, and the antenna sub-unit corresponding to the operating frequency band is activated. The millimeter-wave frequency band signal is routed to the channel corresponding to the microstrip antenna sub-unit, and the mid-low frequency band signal is routed to the channel corresponding to the dipole antenna sub-unit. Based on the channel state information acquired in real time, a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape is calculated, and the phase and amplitude of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit are adjusted based on the complex weight vector. Based on the reflected wave signals of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit after adjusting the phase and amplitude, the impedance mismatch degree is determined, and the impedance of each of the reconfigurable antenna units is adjusted to match the target impedance according to the impedance mismatch degree.

[0007] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a control device for an antenna array, comprising: The routing module is used to determine the operating frequency band based on the initial control signal from the external system, activate the antenna sub-unit corresponding to the operating frequency band, route the millimeter-wave band signal to the channel corresponding to the microstrip antenna sub-unit, and route the mid-low frequency band signal to the channel corresponding to the dipole antenna sub-unit. The first adjustment module is used to calculate a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on the channel state information acquired in real time, and to adjust the phase and amplitude of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit based on the complex weight vector. The second adjustment module is used to determine the impedance mismatch degree based on the reflected wave signals of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit after the phase and amplitude are adjusted, and to adjust the impedance of each of the reconfigurable antenna units to the target impedance according to the impedance mismatch degree.

[0008] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing programs or instructions executable on the processor, the programs or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0009] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a readable storage medium on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0010] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip, the chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run programs or instructions to implement the method described in the second aspect.

[0011] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product stored in a storage medium, which is executed by at least one processor to implement the method described in the second aspect.

[0012] In this embodiment, firstly, by integrating the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit on a shared substrate and managing them uniformly using a programmable feed network, the stacking of multiple independent antenna structures is avoided, significantly reducing the overall size and volume of the antenna array and improving system integration and deployment convenience. Secondly, through the multi-port coupling design and adaptive matching circuit of the programmable feed network, independent channels are established for signals of different frequency bands and impedance mismatch is compensated, effectively suppressing crosstalk between frequency bands. Furthermore, through real-time monitoring and tuning of the adaptive matching network, the antenna impedance is dynamically matched to the target impedance, reducing return loss and ensuring efficient signal energy transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control system for an antenna array provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation flow of an antenna array control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control device for an antenna array provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0016] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0017] The step counting method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0018] As described in the background section, the design of multi-band millimeter-wave antenna arrays typically requires a comprehensive consideration of the following factors. First, frequency band requirements and combinations must be clearly defined, specifying the specific frequency bands to be covered and their combinations. Second, performance indicators, including gain, efficiency, beam scanning range, isolation, and axial ratio (circular polarization), are crucial. Third, space and integration must be considered, taking into account the available space and integration requirements. Finally, cost and manufacturing processes must be taken into account, focusing on the manufacturing cost and the complexity of implementation. Therefore, the design must balance the advantages and disadvantages of each aspect, driven by the actual application scenario, to achieve a suitable antenna design.

[0019] Related technologies utilize shared-aperture antenna arrays with the same physical aperture to simultaneously support multiple frequency bands while maximizing space savings and miniaturizing the equipment. Specifically, high-frequency antenna elements are placed inside or on top of the antenna board, while low-frequency antenna elements are arranged on the outside or bottom. Since the low-frequency antenna is larger, it can naturally "wrap" or "carry" the high-frequency antenna. The stacked structure of independent antenna elements is relatively intuitive, and the isolation between the two frequency bands is usually good. However, the electromagnetic coupling between elements of different frequency bands requires careful design and optimization; otherwise, performance will be affected, and the layout will be somewhat limited.

[0020] Reconfigurable smart surfaces (RIS) focus more on innovation in beamforming methods, but can also achieve multi-band coverage. A RIS is a two-dimensional plane composed of a large number of programmable meta-surface units. Each unit can independently change its response (such as phase and amplitude) to incident electromagnetic waves through active components such as PIN diodes, varactor diodes, or MEMS switches. For multi-band coverage, different coding modes can be used to allow the same RIS panel to independently beam-control signals of different frequencies at different times. However, the technology is currently immature and in the research and prototype stage. Switching speed, power consumption, complexity of control algorithms, and manufacturing cost are the main challenges.

[0021] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a control system, method, and apparatus for an antenna array. First, by integrating microstrip antenna sub-units and dipole antenna sub-units on a shared substrate and managing them uniformly using a programmable feed network, the stacking of multiple independent antenna structures is avoided, significantly reducing the overall size and volume of the antenna array and improving system integration and deployment convenience. Second, through the multi-port coupling design of the programmable feed network and adaptive matching circuitry, independent channels are established for signals in different frequency bands, and impedance mismatch is compensated, effectively suppressing crosstalk between frequency bands. Furthermore, through real-time monitoring and tuning of the adaptive matching network, the antenna impedance is dynamically matched to the target impedance, reducing return loss and ensuring efficient signal energy transmission.

[0022] The following is combined with Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the control system for the antenna array. A detailed description of the system's implementation process is provided, including: Multiple reconfigurable antenna elements 110, each including a microstrip antenna sub-unit 111 for millimeter-wave band and a dipole antenna sub-unit 112 for mid-low frequency band, wherein the microstrip antenna sub-unit 111 and the dipole antenna sub-unit 112 are integrated via a shared substrate. A programmable feed network 120 is connected to the plurality of reconfigurable antenna elements. The programmable feed network 120 includes a multi-port coupler and an adaptive matching circuit integrated therein. The programmable feed network 120 establishes independent transmission channels for signals of different frequency bands by changing the on / off state of the internal switching matrix. The adaptive matching circuit compensates for impedance mismatch in a specified frequency band and calculates the degree of impedance mismatch based on the reflected wave signals of each of the reconfigurable antenna elements 110, so as to match the impedance of each of the reconfigurable antenna elements 110 to the target impedance based on the degree of impedance mismatch. The digital control module 130 is connected to the programmable feed network 120 and the plurality of reconfigurable antenna elements 110. The digital control module 130 calculates a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on the channel state information acquired in real time, and dynamically controls the excitation phase and amplitude of each of the reconfigurable antenna elements based on the complex weight vector.

[0023] The microstrip antenna subunit 111 operates in the 20GHz-300GHz frequency band, while the dipole antenna subunit 112 operates in the sub-6GHz frequency band. Through the combined action of the microstrip antenna subunit 111 and the dipole antenna subunit 112, multi-band signal coverage and seamless switching can be achieved. The microstrip antenna subunit 111 optimizes millimeter-wave transmission using a high-frequency beamforming algorithm, while the dipole antenna subunit 112 processes mid-to-low frequency signals to enhance penetration and coverage. The reconfigurable structure of each antenna unit is uniformly managed by the digital control module 130, which dynamically adjusts the phase and amplitude based on a preset algorithm, supporting environmental adaptive optimization. This improves signal integrity and communication accuracy under interference suppression conditions.

[0024] A programmable feed network 120, connected between any two adjacent reconfigurable antenna elements 110, employs a multi-port coupling design to achieve efficient signal distribution and improved inter-band isolation. Under the control of the programmable feed network 120, the signal transmission path of each reconfigurable antenna element 110 is precisely controlled, enabling independent channel management for high-frequency millimeter-wave and mid-to-low-frequency signals, effectively reducing signal crosstalk and energy loss. The programmable feed network 120, through integrated adaptive matching circuitry and real-time feedback from the digital control module 130, dynamically optimizes signal distribution strategies and supports multi-band cooperative beamforming, thereby maintaining high isolation (e.g., >30dB) and low insertion loss (e.g., <0.5dB) in complex environments. Simultaneously, the programmable feed network 120, in conjunction with the reconfigurable structure of each reconfigurable antenna element 110, can automatically adjust the feed coefficient based on a preset algorithm, improving the overall radiation efficiency and pattern stability of the antenna array, ensuring seamless coverage and interference suppression across different frequency bands.

[0025] In some exemplary embodiments, the reconfigurable antenna element 110 further includes an electromagnetic switch configured to control switching between the microstrip antenna sub-element and the dipole antenna sub-element, the electromagnetic switch including a high-speed PIN diode switch.

[0026] Specifically, the reconfigurable structure of the reconfigurable antenna element 110 enables seamless frequency band switching and impedance matching optimization by controlling the switching of antenna sub-units via an electromagnetic switch. This allows for microsecond-level sub-unit switching response through a high-speed PIN diode electromagnetic switch, ensuring rapid transitions between different frequency bands without interrupting communication. The electromagnetic switch integrates an adaptive matching network, monitoring impedance changes in real time and automatically adjusting to keep return loss below -20dB, significantly improving signal transmission stability and efficiency. Furthermore, the reconfigurable structure supports multi-mode collaborative operation. For example, it can use beam focusing to enhance directional coverage in the millimeter-wave band while switching to a wide-area radiation mode in the mid-to-low frequency band. Combined with real-time feedback from the digital control module, the switching strategy is dynamically optimized to effectively address sudden interference and channel fluctuations. This mechanism also reduces heat loss and component aging risks, extending the antenna array's lifespan and ultimately achieving high reliability and environmental adaptability in 5G / 6G multi-scenario deployments.

[0027] For example, in high- and low-orbit satellite collaborative scenarios (and similar scenarios requiring multi-band antennas), the frequency bands can be dynamically switched through the reconfigurable structure of the antenna array for different satellite operating frequency bands: in the millimeter-wave band, the microstrip antenna sub-unit uses a high-frequency beamforming algorithm to focus directional coverage, while in the mid- and low-frequency bands, the dipole antenna sub-unit switches to a wide-area radiation mode to achieve seamless signal transition and collaborative coverage. The digital control module analyzes the input data in real time and optimizes the excitation phase and amplitude of each antenna unit through the adjustment circuit 132 of the digital control module 130.

[0028] Furthermore, the microstrip antenna sub-unit 111 and the dipole antenna sub-unit 112 are integrated through a shared substrate to reduce the overall size, significantly reducing mutual coupling effects and material costs. Specifically, this is achieved by embedding the microstrip and dipole sub-units in a coplanar design within a multilayer substrate structure, resulting in a compact layout. This shared substrate can utilize high-frequency dielectric materials, and the surface roughness is optimized using etching processes to ensure low loss (<0.1dB) and a stable dielectric constant in the millimeter-wave band. Simultaneously, integrated thermal management channels (such as micro-heat dissipation holes) are used, with the digital control module 130 monitoring temperature changes in real time and dynamically adjusting power distribution to control thermal deformation within ±0.05mm, thereby improving the structural stability and radiation efficiency of the antenna array during long-term operation and supporting high-density array deployment. For example, in 5G base stations, the antenna element spacing is reduced to λ / 4 (λ is the wavelength). Combined with the electromagnetic switch linkage of the reconfigurable structure, the impedance matching during frequency band switching is automatically optimized, and the return loss is further reduced to below -25dB. Ultimately, in multi-frequency band collaborative operation, coverage uniformity and environmental adaptability are enhanced, effectively addressing the challenges of signal attenuation and interference in dense urban scenarios.

[0029] In some exemplary embodiments, to allow users to customize signal paths and isolation parameters, the programmable feed network 120 also includes a software-defined interface configured to allow users to set isolation thresholds and frequency band priority strategies through a graphical user interface or application programming interface.

[0030] Specifically, the programmability of the programmable feed network 120 is achieved through a software-defined interface, allowing users to customize signal paths and isolation parameters. This enables dynamic parameter configuration via a graphical user interface or application programming interface, supporting user-defined isolation thresholds and frequency band priority strategies. Specifically, a configuration logic engine is integrated into the digital control module 130 to parse user input in real time and optimize feed coefficient allocation, automatically adjusting the signal path in conjunction with an adaptive matching circuit. This interface supports multiple preset modes for various scenarios (e.g., coverage optimization in high-density urban areas or open suburbs), dynamically switching configurations based on environmental interference intensity to effectively suppress multi-user interference and channel fluctuations. This achieves fine-grained control of inter-band isolation, reducing crosstalk to below -40dB. Simultaneously, it optimizes beamforming efficiency through dynamic phase adjustment of the reconfigurable antenna elements. Ultimately, this enhances array flexibility and service quality in complex deployments, ensuring highly reliable communication and low-latency response in 5G / 6G applications.

[0031] For example, real-time parsing of user input and optimization of feed coefficient allocation, combined with adaptive matching circuitry to automatically adjust signal paths, are implemented as follows: In the actual deployment of multi-band millimeter-wave antenna arrays, the programmable feed network 120 can flexibly adjust its operating mode according to different scenario requirements. For instance, in high-speed rail communication scenarios, the system can prioritize coverage quality in the 5G high-frequency band (24.25-27.5GHz) by dynamically improving the isolation of this band, while automatically optimizing the power allocation coefficient in the mid-frequency band (3.3-3.8GHz). In industrial IoT scenarios, a multi-band collaborative operating mode can be activated, and the optimal feed coefficient combination scheme can be automatically generated by configuring a logic engine to monitor the channel quality of each frequency band in real time.

[0032] In some exemplary embodiments, the digital control module 130 includes: The signal processing unit 131 is configured to calculate a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on real-time acquired channel state information, and to generate corresponding phase and amplitude control commands based on the complex weight vector. An adjustment circuit 132, connected to the signal processing unit, includes a vector modulator configured to receive phase and amplitude control commands from the signal processing unit and to perform corresponding phase and amplitude adjustments on the radio frequency signals of each of the reconfigurable antenna elements.

[0033] For example, the digital control module 130 integrates a signal processing unit 131 and an adjustment circuit 132 for dynamically controlling the excitation phase and amplitude of each reconfigurable antenna element 110. Under the action of the digital control module 130, the excitation phase and amplitude of each reconfigurable antenna element 110 can be precisely adjusted. Combined with the built-in signal processing unit 131's real-time analysis of environmental parameters (such as channel state and interference intensity), the beamforming effect is dynamically optimized through the adjustment circuit 132. The digital control module 130 automatically calculates the optimal phase offset and amplitude weights based on a preset algorithm (such as particle swarm optimization or genetic algorithm) to obtain a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape, supporting the coordinated control of multi-band signals, thereby significantly improving signal integrity and communication accuracy under interference suppression conditions. At the same time, the digital control module 130 seamlessly links with the programmable feed network 120 and the reconfigurable structure of the reconfigurable antenna elements 110 to achieve end-to-end adaptive management, ensuring high radiation efficiency and low sidelobe level (<-20dB) in different frequency bands, ultimately enhancing the overall performance stability and environmental adaptability of the antenna array.

[0034] As an example, a specific scenario for dynamically controlling the excitation phase and amplitude of each antenna element is as follows: When the system starts up, the digital control module 130 can scan and analyze the surrounding electromagnetic environment, and accurately calculate the required excitation phase and amplitude of each reconfigurable antenna element 110 based on factors such as signal strength and interference in different frequency bands. When the communication scenario changes, such as the appearance of a new interference source or a switching of the communication frequency band, the digital control module 130 can sense these changes in real time and quickly adjust the parameters of the signal processing unit 131 and the adjustment circuit 132 to dynamically change the excitation phase and amplitude of each reconfigurable antenna element 110, so as to ensure that the antenna array is always in the optimal beamforming state and achieve stable and efficient signal transmission.

[0035] The signal processing unit 131, based on a digital signal processor, implements high-speed beamforming algorithm processing, real-time interference suppression, and multi-user scenario optimization. The adjustment circuit 132, based on programmable digital control technology, achieves high-frequency phase fine-tuning, dynamic compensation, and stability control, supporting real-time accuracy optimization and environmental adaptability improvement for multi-band beamforming. The cooperation between the signal processing unit 131 and the adjustment circuit 132 enables millisecond-level response to complex electromagnetic environments and dynamic beam reconfiguration. Specifically, through a built-in high-speed parallel computing architecture, combined with preset multi-objective optimization algorithms (such as convex optimization or deep reinforcement learning models), it analyzes multi-band channel state information in real time and generates the optimal beam weight vector.

[0036] This collaborative mechanism significantly improves the anti-interference capability and spectral efficiency of signal transmission. At the same time, it continuously calibrates the phase error through a closed-loop feedback system, controlling the beam pointing accuracy within ±0.5°. This supports spatial division multiple access optimization in large-scale user access scenarios, dynamically allocating independent beam clusters to reduce inter-user interference. Ultimately, it maintains low bit error rate and high throughput in dense multipath environments, meeting the stringent requirements of 5G / 6G ultra-reliable low-latency communication and enhanced mobile broadband. The digital control module interacts with external systems through a high-speed data bus, supporting real-time algorithm updates and environmental adaptive adjustments. This enables millisecond-level algorithm reconfiguration response. Combined with external sensors (such as channel state monitors) to acquire environmental data in real time, it dynamically optimizes phase offset and amplitude weight.

[0037] The specific implementation of real-time analysis of multi-band channel state information and generation of optimal beam weight vectors, combined with pre-defined multi-objective optimization algorithms (such as convex optimization or deep reinforcement learning models), is as follows: The target complex weight vector (also known as beamforming coefficients or optimal beam weight vector) is quickly solved through matrix operations. Combined with a dynamic frequency band allocation strategy, a balance between spectral efficiency and anti-interference capability is achieved in multi-user coexistence scenarios. This architecture supports independent or joint beam control of multiple sub-bands within the millimeter-wave band. By monitoring the signal-to-noise ratio and interference level of each sub-band in real time, it adaptively adjusts the beam main lobe direction and null position to ensure stable coverage and transmission quality, i.e., optimal beam, even in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0038] The specific implementation of continuous phase error calibration through a closed-loop feedback system involves real-time acquisition of signal quality parameters after beamforming, such as bit error rate and received signal strength indication, dynamic comparison with preset target values, generation of phase compensation commands, and feedback to the adjustment circuit for accuracy correction. If the target is not achieved after correction, the above process is repeated, continuously implementing closed-loop feedback.

[0039] In some exemplary embodiments, to support real-time algorithm updates and adaptive environmental adjustments, the digital control module 130 interacts with external systems via a high-speed data bus. The digital control module 130 is used for: Based on environmental data collected by an external system and a preset optimization algorithm, a target complex weight vector is determined to maximize the signal strength in the target direction and suppress the signal in the interference direction. The target complex weight vector is converted into control commands to drive the vector modulator in the adjustment circuit to apply corresponding phase shifts and amplitude weights to the excitation signals of each antenna element. Obtain the communication link quality parameters after applying the corresponding phase offset and amplitude weight, and iteratively update the calculation input of the optimization algorithm based on the communication link quality parameters.

[0040] Specifically, the digital control module interacts with external systems through a high-speed data bus, supports real-time algorithm updates and adaptive environmental adjustments, and thus enables millisecond-level algorithm reconfiguration response. Combined with external sensors (such as channel state monitors) to acquire environmental data in real time, it dynamically optimizes phase offset and amplitude weight.

[0041] In practical use, the digital control module 130 can load preset algorithms to automatically scan environmental parameters such as channel status, interference intensity, and temperature changes. The antenna array system can first dynamically switch frequency bands through a reconfigurable structure: for example, in the millimeter-wave band, the microstrip antenna sub-unit 111 can use a high-frequency beamforming algorithm to focus directional coverage, while in the mid-to-low frequency band, the dipole antenna sub-unit 112 can switch to a wide-area radiation mode to achieve seamless signal transition and coordinated coverage. The digital control module 130 can analyze the input data in real time and optimize the excitation phase and amplitude of each antenna unit by adjusting the circuit 132, that is, calculate the target complex weight vector that maximizes the signal strength in the target direction and suppresses the signal in the interference direction. Combined with the programmable feed network 120, the signal path is dynamically allocated to ensure that the frequency band isolation is >35dB and the insertion loss is <0.5dB.

[0042] In addition, the antenna array includes a heat dissipation structure, which employs a microfluidic design integrated beneath the substrate for efficient heat dissipation, preventing component overheating and thermal deformation. The antenna array also includes an adaptive matching network integrated between the antenna elements, which optimizes signal transmission efficiency and reduces return loss through real-time impedance adjustment.

[0043] When a user accesses the network, the antenna array system can allocate independent beam clusters based on the space division multiple access strategy: the signal processing unit 131 analyzes the multi-band channel state information, generates the optimal beam weight vector, i.e., the target complex weight vector, and interacts with the external system through a high-speed data bus to achieve millisecond-level algorithm reconfiguration. In complex electromagnetic environments, the programmable feed network can also be linked with the adaptive matching circuit to adjust the impedance in real time to reduce the return loss to below -25dB. At the same time, the heat dissipation structure can monitor the temperature in real time through the digital control module 130, dynamically adjust the power distribution, prevent thermal deformation, and maintain a radiation efficiency of >90%. The resulting closed-loop feedback system can continuously calibrate the phase error through the adjustment circuit 132, control the beam pointing accuracy within ±0.5°, effectively suppress sudden interference, improve spectral efficiency, and ultimately achieve low latency response, high throughput, and low bit error rate in 5G / 6G multi-user scenarios to meet application requirements. The multi-band collaborative mechanism of this application embodiment combines dynamic impedance matching and real-time heat dissipation control to maintain a ±0.5° beam pointing accuracy while improving the millimeter-wave transmission distance, providing highly reliable hardware support for ultra-dense heterogeneous networks.

[0044] For example, in densely populated areas, the system can intelligently identify the location and signal requirements of user devices, assigning a unique beam pattern to each user to achieve parallel data transmission without interference. For instance, in stadiums or commercial centers, this antenna array system can simultaneously connect hundreds of mobile terminals to different beam clusters, ensuring signal continuity during movement. This strategy is implemented through a digital beamforming network. Specifically, the usage process of this antenna array control system can include: the user sending initial control commands through an external system; the digital control module automatically initializing frequency band selection and antenna activation according to a preset algorithm; the digital control module executing beamforming algorithms for real-time phase and amplitude fine-tuning; simultaneously, it can integrate adaptive interference suppression functions to dynamically analyze environmental noise and optimize signal integrity. Specifically, the digital control module can analyze environmental interference signals in real time and dynamically adjust the phase and amplitude of each antenna element using a preset algorithm to minimize the impact of external noise and improve signal integrity, thereby achieving stable beam pointing and high-quality signal transmission in multi-band communication scenarios; and, by feeding back performance data from the external system through a high-speed data bus, it supports continuous optimization; finally, it outputs an optimized signal, completing the entire process from initialization to output coverage.

[0045] The antenna array control system provided in this application firstly integrates microstrip antenna sub-units and dipole antenna sub-units on a shared substrate and manages them uniformly using a programmable feed network, avoiding the stacking of multiple independent antenna structures. This significantly reduces the overall size and volume of the antenna array, improving system integration and deployment convenience. Secondly, through the multi-port coupling design and adaptive matching circuit of the programmable feed network, independent channels are established for signals in different frequency bands, and impedance mismatch is compensated, effectively suppressing crosstalk between frequency bands. Furthermore, through real-time monitoring and tuning of the adaptive matching network, the antenna impedance is dynamically matched to the target impedance, minimizing return loss and ensuring efficient signal energy transmission.

[0046] Based on the same inventive concept as the control system for the aforementioned antenna array, this application also provides a control method for an antenna array. Figure 2 The implementation flow diagram of this method includes: S210 determines the operating frequency band based on the initial control signal from the external system, activates the antenna sub-unit corresponding to the operating frequency band, routes the millimeter-wave frequency band signal to the channel corresponding to the microstrip antenna sub-unit, and routes the mid-to-low frequency band signal to the channel corresponding to the dipole antenna sub-unit.

[0047] Specifically, the digital control module can receive the initial control signal input from the external system, automatically select the working frequency band (including millimeter wave band or mid-low frequency band) according to the preset algorithm, and activate the corresponding antenna sub-unit (microstrip antenna sub-unit or dipole antenna sub-unit). At the same time, the initial excitation phase and amplitude are set by adjusting the circuit to lay the foundation for multi-band beamforming, and then the beamforming process can be started.

[0048] Next, the programmable feed network can be used to dynamically allocate signal paths. Combined with the real-time data processing capabilities of the digital control module, the signal allocation efficiency and frequency band isolation of each antenna element can be optimized to ensure that interference between high-frequency and low-frequency bands is minimized.

[0049] The dynamic signal path allocation includes: if it is a millimeter-wave band, the electromagnetic switch connects the microstrip antenna sub-unit to the circuit, enabling it to use a high-frequency beamforming algorithm for directional coverage; if it is a mid-to-low frequency band, the dipole antenna sub-unit is switched to a wide-area radiation mode to achieve seamless signal transition and coordinated coverage.

[0050] Specifically, optimizing the signal allocation efficiency and frequency band isolation of each antenna element includes: First, the digital control module processes data from each reconfigurable antenna element in real time; then, the digital control module calculates the optimal beamforming strategy based on this data (by dynamically adjusting the signal amplitude and phase of each antenna element to precisely focus energy on the user), and generates corresponding instructions. These instructions are then sent to the programmable feed network for execution to dynamically allocate signal paths.

[0051] S220 calculates a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on real-time acquired channel state information, and adjusts the phase and amplitude of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and dipole antenna sub-unit based on the complex weight vector.

[0052] Specifically, a high-speed beamforming algorithm can be executed by a digital signal processor to calculate a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on real-time channel state information. Based on the complex weight vector, fine-tuning and dynamic compensation can be performed through adjustment circuits to achieve precise control of the beam direction and optimization for multi-user scenarios.

[0053] The real-time calculation of phase and amplitude adjustment values ​​for each antenna element, followed by fine-tuning and dynamic compensation via adjustment circuitry, includes: calculating the phase and amplitude that each element should provide based on the preset target beam, and obtaining a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape. Fine-tuning is required when the results do not meet the preset target.

[0054] During beamforming, an integrated adaptive matching network monitors impedance changes in real time, adjusts matching parameters between antenna elements to reduce return loss, and maintains system temperature stability through a microfluidic heat dissipation structure, ensuring radiation efficiency and reliability at high frequencies.

[0055] The process of monitoring impedance changes and adjusting matching parameters between antenna elements to reduce return loss includes: based on the obtained real-time impedance results, analyzing whether it is necessary to cancel positive reactance or compensate for negative reactance. Then, adjusting the values ​​of capacitors and inductors provided in the adaptive matching network. The new impedance points are remeasured and observed, and repeated fine-tuning is performed until the system achieves near-conjugate matching, minimizing return loss and ensuring efficient signal energy transmission.

[0056] S230 determines the impedance mismatch degree based on the reflected wave signals of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and dipole antenna sub-unit after adjusting the phase and amplitude, and adjusts the impedance of each antenna unit to match the target impedance according to the impedance mismatch degree.

[0057] Specifically, during beamforming, the integrated adaptive matching network can determine the impedance mismatch degree based on the reflected wave signals of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and dipole antenna sub-unit after adjusting the phase and amplitude. It can also adjust the impedance of each antenna unit to match the target impedance according to the impedance mismatch degree to reduce return loss. Furthermore, it maintains the system temperature stability through the microfluidic heat dissipation structure, ensuring radiation efficiency and reliability at high frequencies.

[0058] The process of determining the impedance mismatch and adjusting the impedance of each antenna element to match the target impedance to reduce return loss includes: based on the obtained real-time impedance results, analyzing whether it is necessary to cancel positive reactance or compensate for negative reactance. Then, adjusting the values ​​of capacitors and inductors provided in the adaptive matching network. The new impedance points are remeasured and observed, and repeated fine-tuning is performed until the system achieves near-conjugate matching, minimizing return loss and ensuring efficient signal energy transmission.

[0059] Finally, beamforming effect data can be fed back to external systems via a high-speed data bus, supporting environmental adaptive adjustment and algorithm iteration updates, and ultimately outputting optimized beam signals to achieve multi-band, high-precision wireless communication coverage.

[0060] The process of feeding back beamforming effect data to external systems to support adaptive environmental adjustments and algorithm iteration updates includes: beamforming effect data typically includes beam shape, beamwidth, beam gain, beam angle, etc., and then comparing whether these data meet the requirements. If they do not meet the requirements, adjustments are made again.

[0061] In addition, the digital control module can analyze environmental interference signals in real time and dynamically adjust the phase and amplitude of each antenna element using a preset algorithm to minimize the impact of external noise and improve signal integrity, thereby achieving stable beam pointing and high-quality signal transmission in multi-band communication scenarios.

[0062] The system utilizes a pre-defined algorithm to dynamically adjust the phase and amplitude of each antenna element to minimize the impact of external noise and improve signal integrity. This involves the algorithm calculating and adjusting the "weights" (including amplitude and phase) of each antenna element's signal in real time. This ensures that the signals emitted by all reconfigurable antenna elements are superimposed in phase in the desired direction to enhance the signal, while canceling them out of phase in the interference and noise directions to suppress them. By combining the physical characteristics of the antenna array with adaptive optimization theory of signal processing, in simple scenarios, the system directly calls pre-stored fixed phase / amplitude weights for different directions. In complex interference environments, iterative algorithms such as LMS (Least Mean Square) and RLS (Recursive Least Squares) can be used for real-time approximation and dynamic weight calculation.

[0063] This application's embodiments, based on digital signal processing technology and adaptive control mechanisms, enable the digital control module to automatically select the operating frequency band and activate the corresponding antenna sub-units after receiving external input signals. The signal path is dynamically optimized through a programmable feed network, reducing interference between high-frequency and low-frequency bands. Real-time data processing, combined with high-speed beamforming algorithms, accurately calculates the phase and amplitude adjustment values ​​of each antenna unit, achieving dynamic beam direction compensation and multi-user optimization. The adaptive matching network continuously monitors impedance changes and adjusts matching parameters to minimize return loss. Simultaneously, the microfluidic heat dissipation structure effectively maintains system temperature stability, ensuring radiation efficiency at high frequencies. With an external system feedback mechanism, it supports environmental adaptive adjustment and algorithm iterative updates, ultimately outputting a high-precision beam signal suitable for multi-band wireless scenarios such as 5G communication and satellite navigation, providing stable and efficient coverage capabilities for these applications.

[0064] The antenna array control method provided in this application can automatically determine the operating frequency band and activate the corresponding antenna sub-units through external control signals, achieving seamless switching and on-demand coverage of multiple frequency bands (millimeter wave and mid-low frequency). Combined with a precise signal routing mechanism, it ensures the isolation and independent management of signals from different frequency bands in the physical transmission channel. Simultaneously, it can calculate complex weight vectors based on real-time channel state information and dynamically adjust the phase and amplitude of each antenna sub-unit, enabling the system to automatically generate and maintain an optimized beamform in complex and changing electromagnetic environments. Finally, by monitoring reflected wave signals to determine the degree of impedance mismatch and dynamically adjusting impedance matching accordingly, it continuously suppresses impedance mismatch and signal reflection (return loss) caused by environmental changes, frequency band switching, or component aging to a minimum, ensuring maximum signal energy transmission efficiency and enhancing the stability and reliability of the system under different operating conditions. Through a three-tiered automatic control mechanism of "dynamic frequency band coordination, intelligent beamforming, and closed-loop impedance matching," the core problems of traditional multi-band antenna systems, such as rigid coverage, poor isolation between different frequency bands, easy signal interference, and impact on communication quality and data transmission efficiency, are jointly solved.

[0065] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array control device 300 provided for an exemplary embodiment of this application. (See diagram below.) Figure 3 As shown, the device 300 includes: a routing module 310, a first adjustment module 320, and a second adjustment module 330, wherein: The routing module 310 is used to determine the operating frequency band based on the initial control signal from the external system, activate the antenna sub-unit corresponding to the operating frequency band, route the millimeter-wave band signal to the channel corresponding to the microstrip antenna sub-unit, and route the mid-low frequency band signal to the channel corresponding to the dipole antenna sub-unit. The first adjustment module 320 is used to calculate a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on the channel state information acquired in real time, and to adjust the phase and amplitude of the microstrip antenna subunit and the dipole antenna subunit based on the complex weight vector. The second adjustment module 330 is used to determine the impedance mismatch degree based on the reflected wave signals of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit after the phase and amplitude are adjusted, and to adjust the impedance of each of the reconfigurable antenna units to the target impedance according to the impedance mismatch degree.

[0066] The control device for the antenna array provided in this application can automatically determine the operating frequency band and activate the corresponding antenna sub-units through external control signals, achieving seamless switching and on-demand coverage of multiple frequency bands (millimeter wave and mid-low frequency). Combined with a precise signal routing mechanism, it ensures the isolation and independent management of signals from different frequency bands in the physical transmission channel. Simultaneously, it can calculate complex weight vectors based on real-time channel state information and dynamically adjust the phase and amplitude of each antenna sub-unit, enabling the system to automatically generate and maintain an optimized beamform in complex and changing electromagnetic environments. Finally, by monitoring reflected wave signals to determine the degree of impedance mismatch and dynamically adjusting impedance matching accordingly, it continuously suppresses impedance mismatch and signal reflection (return loss) caused by environmental changes, frequency band switching, or component aging to a minimum, ensuring maximum signal energy transmission efficiency and enhancing the stability and reliability of the system under different operating conditions. Through a three-tiered automatic control mechanism of "dynamic frequency band coordination, intelligent beamforming, and closed-loop impedance matching," the core problems of traditional multi-band antenna systems, such as rigid coverage, poor isolation between different frequency bands, easy signal interference, and impact on communication quality and data transmission efficiency, are jointly solved.

[0067] The antenna array control device 300 can achieve Figure 2 For details on the control method of the antenna array in the embodiment of the method, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The method of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided as an exemplary embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a memory 41 and a processor 42.

[0069] Memory 41 is used to store computer programs and can be configured to store various other data to support operation on the computing device. Examples of this data include instructions for any application or method operating on the computing device, contact data, phone book data, messages, images, videos, etc.

[0070] Processor 42, coupled to memory 41, is used to execute a computer program in memory 41 for: determining the operating frequency band based on initial control signals from an external system, and activating the antenna sub-unit corresponding to the operating frequency band; routing millimeter-wave band signals to the channel corresponding to the microstrip antenna sub-unit, and routing mid-to-low frequency band signals to the channel corresponding to the dipole antenna sub-unit; calculating a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on real-time acquired channel state information, and adjusting the phase and amplitude of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit based on the complex weight vector; determining the impedance mismatch degree based on the reflected wave signals of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit after adjusting the phase and amplitude, and adjusting the impedance matching of each of the reconfigurable antenna units to the target impedance according to the impedance mismatch degree.

[0071] The electronic device provided in this application can automatically determine the operating frequency band and activate the corresponding antenna sub-unit through external control signals, realizing seamless switching and on-demand coverage of multiple frequency bands (millimeter wave and mid-low frequency). Combined with a precise signal routing mechanism, it ensures the isolation and independent management of signals of different frequency bands in the physical transmission channel. At the same time, it can calculate complex weight vectors based on real-time channel state information and dynamically adjust the phase and amplitude of each antenna sub-unit, enabling the system to automatically generate and maintain the optimal beam shape in a complex and changing electromagnetic environment. Finally, by monitoring the reflected wave signal to determine the degree of impedance mismatch, and dynamically adjusting the impedance matching accordingly, it continuously suppresses impedance mismatch and signal reflection (return loss) caused by environmental changes, frequency band switching, or component aging to a minimum, ensuring maximum signal energy transmission efficiency, while enhancing the stability and reliability of the system under different operating conditions. Through the three-layer cascaded automatic control mechanism of "dynamic frequency band coordination - intelligent beamforming - closed-loop impedance matching", it jointly solves the core problems of traditional multi-band antenna systems, such as rigid coverage, poor isolation between different frequency bands, easy signal interference, and impact on communication quality and data transmission efficiency.

[0072] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device also includes other components such as a communication component 43, a display 44, a power supply component 45, and an audio component 46. Figure 4 The diagram only shows some components and does not mean that the electronic device includes only these components. Figure 4 The components shown. Additionally, depending on the implementation of the traffic playback device, Figure 4 The components within the dashed box are optional, not mandatory. For example, when an electronic device is implemented as a terminal device such as a smartphone, tablet, or desktop computer, it may include... Figure 4 The components within the dashed box; when the electronic device is implemented as a server-side device such as a conventional server, cloud server, data center, or server array, it may be excluded. Figure 4 The component within the dashed box.

[0073] Accordingly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to implement the steps in the above-described antenna array control method embodiments.

[0074] Accordingly, this application also provides a computer program product, which stores instructions that, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to implement the steps in the above-described antenna array control method embodiments.

[0075] The above Figure 4 The communication component is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between the device containing the communication component and other devices. The device containing the communication component can access wireless networks based on communication standards, such as WiFi, 2G, or 3G, or combinations thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, the communication component receives broadcast signals or broadcast-related information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel. In one exemplary embodiment, the communication component may further include a Near Field Communication (NFC) module, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, Ultra Wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, etc.

[0076] The above Figure 4 The memory in the memory can be implemented by any class of volatile or non-volatile storage devices or combinations thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0077] The above Figure 4 The display includes a screen, which may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen can be implemented as a touchscreen to receive input signals from the user. The touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, swipes, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensors can sense not only the boundaries of the touch or swipe action, but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or swipe operation.

[0078] The above Figure 4 The power supply component provides power to the various components of the device in which it resides. The power supply component may include a power management system, one or more power supplies, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power to the device in which it resides.

[0079] The above Figure 4 The audio component can be configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component includes a microphone (MIC) configured to receive external audio signals when the device containing the audio component is in an operating mode, such as call mode, recording mode, or voice recognition mode. The received audio signals can be further stored in memory or transmitted via a communication component. In some embodiments, the audio component also includes a speaker for outputting audio signals.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0081] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0082] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0083] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0084] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0085] Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0086] Computer-readable media include both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other classes of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0087] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0088] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A control system for an antenna array, characterized in that, include: Multiple reconfigurable antenna elements, the reconfigurable antenna elements including microstrip antenna sub-elements for millimeter-wave bands and dipole antenna sub-elements for mid-low frequency bands, the microstrip antenna sub-elements and dipole antenna sub-elements being integrated via a shared substrate; A programmable feed network, connected to the plurality of reconfigurable antenna elements, includes a multi-port coupler and an adaptive matching circuit integrated therein. The programmable feed network establishes independent transmission channels for signals of different frequency bands by changing the on / off state of an internal switching matrix. The adaptive matching circuit compensates for impedance mismatch in a specified frequency band and calculates the degree of impedance mismatch based on the reflected wave signals of each reconfigurable antenna element, so as to match the impedance of each reconfigurable antenna element to the target impedance based on the degree of impedance mismatch. A digital control module is connected to the programmable feed network and the plurality of reconfigurable antenna elements. The digital control module calculates a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on the channel state information acquired in real time, and dynamically controls the excitation phase and amplitude of each of the reconfigurable antenna elements based on the complex weight vector.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reconfigurable antenna element further includes an electromagnetic switch configured to control switching between the microstrip antenna sub-element and the dipole antenna sub-element, the electromagnetic switch including a high-speed PIN diode switch.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The programmable power supply network also includes a software-defined interface configured to allow users to set isolation thresholds and frequency band priority strategies via a graphical user interface or an application programming interface.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital control module includes: The signal processing unit is configured to calculate a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on real-time acquired channel state information, and to generate corresponding phase and amplitude control commands based on the complex weight vector. An adjustment circuit, connected to the signal processing unit, includes a vector modulator configured to receive phase and amplitude control commands from the signal processing unit and to perform corresponding phase and amplitude adjustments on the radio frequency signals of each of the reconfigurable antenna elements.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The digital control module interacts with external systems via a high-speed data bus. The digital control module is used for: Based on the environmental data collected by the external system and the preset optimization algorithm, a target complex weight vector is determined to maximize the signal strength in the target direction and suppress the signal in the interference direction. The target complex weight vector is converted into a control command to drive the vector modulator in the adjustment circuit to apply corresponding phase shift and amplitude weight to the excitation signal of each reconfigurable antenna element. The communication link quality parameters after applying the corresponding phase offset and amplitude weight are obtained, and the calculation input of the optimization algorithm is iteratively updated based on the communication link quality parameters.

6. A control method for an antenna array, characterized in that, include: Based on the initial control signal from the external system, the operating frequency band is determined, and the antenna sub-unit corresponding to the operating frequency band is activated. The millimeter-wave frequency band signal is routed to the channel corresponding to the microstrip antenna sub-unit, and the mid-low frequency band signal is routed to the channel corresponding to the dipole antenna sub-unit. Based on the channel state information acquired in real time, a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape is calculated, and the phase and amplitude of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit are adjusted based on the complex weight vector. Based on the reflected wave signals of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit after adjusting the phase and amplitude, the impedance mismatch degree is determined, and the impedance of each of the reconfigurable antenna units is adjusted to match the target impedance according to the impedance mismatch degree.

7. A control device for an antenna array, characterized in that, include: The routing module is used to determine the operating frequency band based on the initial control signal from the external system, activate the antenna sub-unit corresponding to the operating frequency band, route the millimeter-wave band signal to the channel corresponding to the microstrip antenna sub-unit, and route the mid-low frequency band signal to the channel corresponding to the dipole antenna sub-unit. The first adjustment module is used to calculate a complex weight vector for controlling the beam shape based on the channel state information acquired in real time, and to adjust the phase and amplitude of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit based on the complex weight vector. The second adjustment module is used to determine the impedance mismatch degree based on the reflected wave signals of the microstrip antenna sub-unit and the dipole antenna sub-unit after the phase and amplitude are adjusted, and to adjust the impedance of each of the reconfigurable antenna units to the target impedance according to the impedance mismatch degree.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The processor, memory, and bus, wherein the memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, the processor communicates with the memory via the bus, and the machine-readable instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method as described in claim 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it causes the processor to perform the steps in the method as described in claim 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product stores instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the method of claim 6.

Images