Energy storage system parameter design method and device based on networking multi-module cooperative control, storage medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage system parameter design method and device based on network construction multi-module cooperative control, a storage medium and equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a control strategy of a lithium battery type energy storage device, and calculating the active frequency response characteristic of the lithium battery type energy storage device; designing the overall active frequency response characteristic of the system according to the frequency stability requirement of the power grid; according to the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery type energy storage device and the whole system, solving the active frequency response characteristics of the super capacitor type energy storage device; a function expression between the voltage of the super capacitor and the system frequency is established by combining the relation between the voltage of the super capacitor and the output power, and a control strategy of the super capacitor type energy storage device is obtained through backstepping; and calculating control parameters of the lithium battery type energy storage device and the super-capacitor type energy storage device according to the set system frequency track parameters. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the frequency stability of the weak-inertia power grid can be improved, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power converters, and specifically relates to a method, apparatus, storage medium and equipment for designing parameters of an energy storage system based on multi-module collaborative control of a network. Background Technology

[0002] As the penetration rate of renewable energy (such as wind power and photovoltaics) in the power system continues to increase, the inertia level and frequency regulation capability of the power grid have significantly decreased. Traditional power systems mainly rely on the rotor kinetic energy (inertia) of synchronous generators and primary frequency regulation by speed governors to maintain frequency stability, but this has problems such as slow response speed, insufficient regulation accuracy, and large lifespan loss.

[0003] In power system operation, frequency regulation is a core component for maintaining grid frequency stability and ensuring power quality. Traditional frequency regulation methods mostly rely on controllable power sources such as thermal power units, adjusting the output of these units to achieve frequency regulation. However, these methods have inherent drawbacks such as slow response speed, limited regulation accuracy, high operating costs, and large carbon emissions, making them unsuitable for meeting the grid's demand for flexible and rapid frequency regulation after the high proportion of renewable energy is integrated into the grid.

[0004] To compensate for the shortcomings of traditional frequency regulation modes, energy storage systems (such as lithium battery energy storage and supercapacitor energy storage), which have the characteristics of rapid response, flexible adjustment, and rechargeability, are gradually being introduced into power grid frequency regulation scenarios, becoming a key technical path for optimizing frequency regulation performance. However, existing energy storage frequency regulation technologies still have many obvious shortcomings and have not yet achieved the optimal balance between performance and practicality.

[0005] Most existing technologies employ either single-use lithium-ion battery energy storage or single-use supercapacitor energy storage solutions for frequency regulation. For single-use lithium-ion battery energy storage systems, their high energy density but relatively limited power density means they often need to release or absorb large amounts of power instantaneously when dealing with sudden power surges in the grid (such as sudden drops in renewable energy output or large load spikes). This not only intensifies internal chemical reactions in the lithium-ion battery, accelerating capacity decay and shortening its lifespan, but also makes it difficult to quickly smooth frequency fluctuations due to insufficient power output / absorption capacity, directly causing lag in frequency regulation response, reduced regulation accuracy, and affecting grid frequency stability. Single-use supercapacitor energy storage systems exhibit the opposite limitations. While possessing extremely high power density and ultra-fast charge / discharge response speeds, enabling rapid responses to instantaneous power surges, their relatively low energy density results in severely insufficient energy endurance. Supercapacitors can only maintain power support for short periods and cannot undertake long-term continuous frequency regulation tasks. They are prone to energy depletion during continuous frequency fluctuation regulation, making it difficult to guarantee the continuity and stability of frequency regulation.

[0006] To balance power response speed and energy endurance, some solutions attempt to combine lithium batteries and supercapacitors in simple parallel configurations. However, this crude control approach still faces key technical bottlenecks. Firstly, the dynamic power allocation is unreasonable, lacking a power allocation strategy optimized in real-time based on grid frequency regulation needs. This can lead to situations where one lithium battery operates under overload while the other remains idle, failing to fully utilize their performance advantages and potentially exacerbating equipment wear. Secondly, the lack of inertia coordination design means that the dynamic response characteristics and inertia parameters of lithium batteries and supercapacitors differ. Simple parallel connection can easily result in asynchronous responses and uncoordinated inertia support, affecting the overall stability and regulation effect of the frequency regulation system and failing to meet the grid's requirements for high precision and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, storage medium, and equipment for designing parameters of an energy storage system based on multi-module collaborative control of a grid. By collaboratively controlling each module of the energy storage system, the frequency stability of a weak inertia power grid can be improved, thereby overcoming the defects of the prior art.

[0008] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a parameter design method for an energy storage system based on multi-module collaborative control in a network structure. The energy storage system includes a lithium battery-type energy storage device and a supercapacitor-type energy storage device. The method includes the following steps: Obtain the control strategy of the lithium battery energy storage device and calculate the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device; Based on the requirements of power grid frequency stability, design the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system; Based on the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device and the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system, the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device are solved. Based on the relationship between supercapacitor voltage and output power, and the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device, a functional expression between supercapacitor voltage and system frequency is established, and the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device is derived in reverse. Based on the set system frequency trajectory parameters, and using the control strategies of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device, the control parameters of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device are calculated.

[0009] Furthermore, the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery-type energy storage device are as follows: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, TG , K G , J , D , N These represent the primary frequency modulation time constant, primary frequency modulation proportional coefficient, moment of inertia, damping coefficient, and system rated frequency in the virtual synchronous control employed.

[0010] Furthermore, the power grid frequency stability requirements include the maximum rate of change and the maximum frequency difference of the system frequency under a certain load change.

[0011] Furthermore, the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system are designed as a first-order transfer function, and the first-order inertia response coefficient is obtained based on the power grid frequency stability requirements.

[0012] Furthermore, the solution method for the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor-type energy storage device is as follows: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, The active frequency response characteristics of lithium battery-type energy storage devices, This refers to the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system.

[0013] Furthermore, the supercapacitor-type energy storage device satisfies the following constraints: Supercapacitors do not participate in primary frequency regulation, and their output power is 0 in steady state. The active frequency response characteristic of a supercapacitor-type energy storage device is a first-order inertial response function.

[0014] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the control strategy for the supercapacitor-type energy storage device includes: Differentiate the power output model of the supercapacitor to establish the transfer function between the output power and voltage of the supercapacitor; Based on the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device and the transfer function, the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency is obtained, and then the transfer function between the supercapacitor's output angular frequency and the supercapacitor voltage is obtained, which is the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device.

[0015] Furthermore, the power output model of the supercapacitor is expressed as follows: in, U dc This is the voltage of the supercapacitor. C This refers to the capacitance value of the supercapacitor. This represents the active power of the supercapacitor.

[0016] Furthermore, the control parameters of the lithium battery-type energy storage device include the primary frequency regulation time constant, moment of inertia, damping coefficient, and primary frequency regulation proportional coefficient; The control parameters of the supercapacitor energy storage device are calculated from the control parameters of the lithium battery energy storage device and the set inertial response parameters.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a parameter design device for an energy storage system based on multi-module collaborative control of a network, wherein the energy storage system includes a lithium battery-type energy storage device and a supercapacitor-type energy storage device, and the device includes: The first frequency response calculation module is used to obtain the control strategy of the lithium battery energy storage device and calculate the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device. The second frequency response calculation module is used to design the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system based on the power grid frequency stability requirements. The third frequency response calculation module is used to solve the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device based on the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device and the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system. The control strategy back-reasoning module is used to combine the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the output power, establish a functional expression between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency based on the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device, and back-reason to obtain the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device. The control parameter calculation module is used to calculate the control parameters of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device based on the set system frequency trajectory parameters and the control strategies of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device.

[0018] Furthermore, the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery-type energy storage device are as follows: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, T G , K G , J , D , N These represent the primary frequency modulation time constant, primary frequency modulation proportional coefficient, moment of inertia, damping coefficient, and system rated frequency in the virtual synchronous control employed.

[0019] Furthermore, the power grid frequency stability requirements include the maximum rate of change and the maximum frequency difference of the system frequency under a certain load change.

[0020] Furthermore, the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system are designed as a first-order transfer function, and the first-order inertia response coefficient is obtained based on the power grid frequency stability requirements. This first-order inertia response coefficient is the frequency trajectory parameter of the system.

[0021] Furthermore, the solution method for the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor-type energy storage device is as follows: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, The active frequency response characteristics of lithium battery-type energy storage devices, This refers to the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system.

[0022] Furthermore, the supercapacitor-type energy storage device satisfies the following constraints: Supercapacitors do not participate in primary frequency regulation, and their output power is 0 in steady state. The active frequency response characteristic of a supercapacitor-type energy storage device is a first-order inertial response function.

[0023] Furthermore, the control strategy reverse calculation module includes: The differential processing unit is used to differentiate the power output model of the supercapacitor and establish the transfer function between the output power and voltage of the supercapacitor. The relationship conversion unit is used to obtain the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency based on the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device and the transfer function, and then obtain the transfer function between the output angular frequency of the supercapacitor and the supercapacitor voltage, that is, the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device.

[0024] Furthermore, the power output model of the supercapacitor is expressed as follows: in, U dc This is the voltage of the supercapacitor. C This refers to the capacitance value of the supercapacitor. This represents the active power of the supercapacitor.

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium including one or more programs executable by one or more processors of an electronic device, the one or more programs including instructions for executing the energy storage system parameter design method based on the network-based multi-module collaborative control described above.

[0026] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, including one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs stored in the memory, the one or more programs including instructions for executing the energy storage system parameter design method based on the network-based multi-module collaborative control described above.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention first solves the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device based on the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device and the system as a whole. Then, it establishes a functional expression between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency by combining the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the output power. Finally, it reverse-engineers the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device, so that the supercapacitor voltage can automatically affect the grid frequency change and the dynamic response speed is fast. 2. The lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device of the present invention are connected in parallel and grid-connected through converters with different control strategies. The supercapacitor and the battery energy storage converter are controlled in concert to achieve the first-order frequency inertial response characteristics. 3. This invention improves the frequency response characteristics of grid-connected control of energy storage devices, thereby reducing the frequency change rate and maximum frequency difference of the power grid during load changes and improving the frequency stability of the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This invention presents a circuit topology for the coordinated network control of lithium battery-type energy storage devices and supercapacitor-type energy storage. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the parameter design method for energy storage systems based on multi-module collaborative control in a network structure, as proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the overall coordinated control of battery energy storage and supercapacitor in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an outer loop control block diagram of the supercapacitor converter in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of the active frequency transfer function of lithium battery energy storage in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of the active frequency transfer function of the supercapacitor in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is the dynamic response waveform of the power grid frequency in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the voltage and current waveform at point PCC in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the power tracking waveform at the PCC point in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0030] Example 1 This embodiment provides a parameter design method for energy storage systems based on multi-module collaborative control in a grid-connected architecture, applicable to energy storage systems including lithium battery-type energy storage devices and supercapacitor-type energy storage devices. In this embodiment, the system grid-connected circuit topology is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, lithium battery energy storage devices and supercapacitor energy storage devices are connected in parallel to the grid through converters with different control strategies.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the parameter design method for an energy storage system based on multi-module collaborative control in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the control strategy of the lithium battery energy storage device and calculate the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device.

[0032] In this embodiment, the power outer loop of the lithium battery energy storage device adopts virtual synchronous control and incorporates primary frequency regulation control.

[0033] Specifically, the outer loop of the lithium battery-type energy storage grid-connected converter adopts virtual synchronous control and adds primary frequency regulation control to simulate the frequency regulation function of the synchronous condenser, such as... Figure 3 As shown in the dashed box diagram. The output active and reactive power of the lithium-ion battery energy storage system are calculated by sampling the voltage and current at the grid connection point of common coupling (PCC). The active power serves as the input to the active-frequency outer loop, and the reactive power serves as the input to the reactive-voltage amplitude outer loop. A specific analysis of the active outer loop is performed: the difference between the sampled battery output power and the active reference value is divided by the grid rated frequency, and then the output angular frequency is subtracted and multiplied by the damping coefficient. D The negative feedback is used as the integrator input, and then divided by the inertia coefficient. J The output angular frequency is obtained, and then the phase angle is generated by an integrator. This phase angle, together with the voltage amplitude output from the reactive power outer loop, generates the electromotive force vector. e Then, the voltage and current dual closed-loop control outputs the final voltage, which is used to generate the PWM waveforms for driving each switch of the converter.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the lithium battery cluster is connected to the power grid through a three-phase inverter. The active power outer loop of the three-phase inverter adopts a virtual synchronous control strategy that includes primary frequency regulation. At this time, the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device, i.e., the transfer function... for: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, T G , , J , D , N These represent the primary frequency modulation time constant, primary frequency modulation proportional coefficient, moment of inertia, damping coefficient, and system rated frequency in the virtual synchronous control employed. , These represent the changes in the output angular frequency and active power of the lithium battery, respectively.

[0035] In virtual synchronous control, the inverter's reactive power outer loop obtains the electromotive force output through a combination of droop control and PI control. At this time, the reactive power frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device are: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, Q , V , E p ( s ), D q , V ref , PI q ( s ) respectively represent the converter output reactive power, converter port voltage, outer loop output electromotive force in the virtual synchronous control used, reactive power droop coefficient, output electromotive force voltage reference value and the corresponding transfer function of the PI module used.

[0036] Step S2: Design the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system based on the grid frequency stability requirements.

[0037] To meet the power grid frequency stability requirements, and based on the corresponding requirements, the maximum rate of change of the system frequency under a certain load variation is given. With maximum frequency difference The frequency response of the power grid is considered as a first-order inertial response. h ( s By determining the required first-order frequency response function based on the above-mentioned requirements and limits, we can obtain the function and its relationship with the system requirements parameters: in, This represents the load change. a , b The set first-order inertia response coefficient.

[0038] Step S3: Based on the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device and the system as a whole, solve for the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device.

[0039] A standalone lithium-ion battery-powered grid-connected converter cannot achieve the required first-order inertia response of the system; therefore, a supercapacitor is needed for coordinated control to realize the external characteristics of the grid's first-order inertia. Based on the obtained overall first-order inertia response function of the system and the active frequency transfer function of the outer loop of the lithium-ion battery-powered grid-connected converter, the active frequency transfer function of the supercapacitor is inversely derived, corresponding to: Figure 3 Feedback section c ( s From this, we can obtain: in: , These represent the changes in the supercapacitor's output angular frequency and active power, respectively.

[0040] In this embodiment, constraints are imposed on the parameters of the above transfer function: the supercapacitor does not participate in primary frequency modulation, and the output power is 0 in steady state, so A3 = b - D - k G =0; for fast frequency response, make A1= aT G - Jω N T G =0, a = Jω N The active frequency response characteristic of a supercapacitor-type energy storage device is a first-order inertial response function.

[0041] Step S4: Based on the relationship between supercapacitor voltage and output power, establish a functional expression between supercapacitor voltage and system frequency, and deduce the control strategy of supercapacitor energy storage device.

[0042] In this embodiment, step S4 includes the following steps: Differentiate the power output model of the supercapacitor to establish the transfer function between the output power and voltage of the supercapacitor; Based on the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device and the transfer function, the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency is obtained, and then the transfer function between the supercapacitor's output angular frequency and the supercapacitor voltage is obtained, which is the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device.

[0043] Specifically, analyzing the power output model of the supercapacitor, the following relationship can be obtained after differentiation: in, U dc This is the voltage of the supercapacitor. C This refers to the capacitance value of the supercapacitor.

[0044] Based on the relationship between the output power and voltage of a supercapacitor and the above transfer function, the following transfer function can be derived: The corresponding active-frequency outer loop control of the converter is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. The supercapacitor voltage value is collected, squared, and then compared with a given value. The difference of the squares is used as the input to the proportional controller, and multiplied by the proportional coefficient. The output of the proportional controller serves as the input to the lead-lag compensation stage, and the output of the lead-lag compensation stage is the frequency deviation value, which is the result of the input of the proportional controller. T G The feedforward of the differential with proportional coefficients is then removed. A 2. Obtain the corresponding output angular frequency, add it to the rated frequency, and output the frequency of the three-phase inverter.

[0045] Step S5: Based on the set system frequency inertia response trajectory parameters (i.e., the first-order inertia response parameters of the power grid active frequency), and the formulas in steps S2 and S3, calculate the control parameters of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device.

[0046] Based on the set system frequency trajectory parameters, the control parameters for lithium battery energy storage devices and supercapacitor energy storage devices are calculated and obtained. The first-order inertial response parameters at the grid active frequency satisfy... a =4.4s, b Taking =16 as an example, the transfer function parameters are selected as shown in Table 1. The control parameters of the supercapacitor energy storage device are calculated from the control parameters of the lithium battery energy storage device and the set inertial response parameters.

[0047] Table 1. Transfer function parameter selection Based on the above parameters, a transfer function analysis is performed on each active-frequency transfer function to obtain the following results: Figures 5-7 The amplitude-frequency response curve and the system dynamic response curve. Figure 5 Frequency-active transfer function for lithium battery-type energy storage grid-connected converters g ( s The amplitude-frequency characteristics of ) Figure 6 It is the active-frequency transfer function of a supercapacitor. c (s The amplitude-frequency response curve of ) Figure 7 This is the dynamic response waveform under a step change in the power grid frequency.

[0048] The above curves show that the energy storage collaborative control strategy can achieve a fast and stable power frequency response when the energy storage system is connected to the grid.

[0049] A circuit simulation model was built to verify the network-based collaborative control strategy. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The waveforms of voltage and current at the PCC point and the power tracking waveform are shown above. These curves demonstrate that this embodiment can achieve frequency stability and power tracking stability under varying energy storage input power.

[0050] If the above methods are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0051] Example 2 This embodiment provides a corresponding Figure 2 The device for designing parameters of an energy storage system based on multi-module collaborative control of a grid, as shown in the diagram, includes: The first frequency response calculation module is used to obtain the control strategy of the lithium battery energy storage device and calculate the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device. The second frequency response calculation module is used to design the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system based on the power grid frequency stability requirements. The third frequency response calculation module is used to solve the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device based on the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device and the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system. The control strategy back-reasoning module is used to combine the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the output power, establish a functional expression between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency based on the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device, and back-reason to obtain the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device. The control parameter calculation module is used to calculate the control parameters of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device based on the set system frequency trajectory parameters and the control strategies of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device.

[0052] The control strategy reverse calculation module includes: The differential processing unit is used to differentiate the power output model of the supercapacitor and establish the transfer function between the output power and voltage of the supercapacitor. The relationship conversion unit is used to obtain the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency based on the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device and the transfer function, and then obtain the transfer function between the output angular frequency of the supercapacitor and the supercapacitor voltage, that is, the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device.

[0053] The rest are as in Example 1.

[0054] The apparatus, module, or unit described in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer chip or entity, or by a product having a certain function. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, the computer can be, for example, a personal computer, laptop computer, cellular phone, camera phone, smartphone, personal digital assistant, media player, navigation device, email device, game console, tablet computer, wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0055] Example 3 This embodiment provides an electronic device, including one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs stored in the memory, the one or more programs including instructions for executing the energy storage system parameter design method based on network multi-module collaborative control as described in Embodiment 1.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0057] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A parameter design method for an energy storage system based on multi-module collaborative control in a network configuration, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes a lithium battery-type energy storage device and a supercapacitor-type energy storage device, and the method includes the following steps: Obtain the control strategy of the lithium battery energy storage device and calculate the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device; Based on the requirements of power grid frequency stability, design the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system; Based on the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device and the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system, the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device are solved. Based on the relationship between supercapacitor voltage and output power, and the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device, a functional expression between supercapacitor voltage and system frequency is established, and the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device is derived in reverse. Based on the set system frequency trajectory parameters, and using the control strategies of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device, the control parameters of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device are calculated.

2. The energy storage system parameter design method based on multi-module collaborative control in a network configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery-type energy storage device are as follows: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, T G , K G , J , D , N These represent the primary frequency modulation time constant, primary frequency modulation proportional coefficient, moment of inertia, damping coefficient, and system rated frequency in the virtual synchronous control employed.

3. The energy storage system parameter design method based on multi-module collaborative control in a network configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power grid frequency stability requirements include the maximum rate of change and the maximum frequency difference of the system frequency under a certain load change.

4. The energy storage system parameter design method based on multi-module collaborative control in a network structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The overall active frequency response characteristics of the system are designed as a first-order transfer function, and the first-order inertia response coefficient is obtained based on the frequency stability requirements of the power grid. This first-order inertia response coefficient is the frequency trajectory parameter of the system.

5. The energy storage system parameter design method based on multi-module collaborative control in a network configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solution method for the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device is as follows: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, The active frequency response characteristics of lithium battery-type energy storage devices, This refers to the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system.

6. The energy storage system parameter design method based on multi-module collaborative control in a network configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supercapacitor-type energy storage device satisfies the following constraints: Supercapacitors do not participate in primary frequency regulation, and their output power is 0 in steady state. The active frequency response characteristic of a supercapacitor-type energy storage device is a first-order inertial response function.

7. The energy storage system parameter design method based on multi-module collaborative control in a grid configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the control strategy for the supercapacitor energy storage device includes: Differentiate the power output model of the supercapacitor to establish the transfer function between the output power and voltage of the supercapacitor; Based on the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device and the transfer function, the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency is obtained, and then the transfer function between the supercapacitor's output angular frequency and the supercapacitor voltage is obtained, which is the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device.

8. The energy storage system parameter design method based on multi-module collaborative control in a network configuration according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power output model of the supercapacitor is expressed as follows: in, U dc This is the voltage of the supercapacitor. C This refers to the capacitance value of the supercapacitor. This represents the active power of the supercapacitor.

9. A parameter design device for an energy storage system based on multi-module collaborative control in a grid-connected architecture, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes a lithium battery-type energy storage device and a supercapacitor-type energy storage device, wherein the device includes: The first frequency response calculation module is used to obtain the control strategy of the lithium battery energy storage device and calculate the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device. The second frequency response calculation module is used to design the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system based on the power grid frequency stability requirements. The third frequency response calculation module is used to solve the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device based on the active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery energy storage device and the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system. The control strategy back-reasoning module is used to combine the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the output power, establish a functional expression between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency based on the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device, and back-reason to obtain the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device. The control parameter calculation module is used to calculate the control parameters of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device based on the set system frequency trajectory parameters and the control strategies of the lithium battery energy storage device and the supercapacitor energy storage device.

10. The energy storage system parameter design device based on multi-module collaborative control of a network as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The active frequency response characteristics of the lithium battery-type energy storage device are as follows: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, T G , K G , J , D , N These represent the primary frequency modulation time constant, primary frequency modulation proportional coefficient, moment of inertia, damping coefficient, and system rated frequency in the virtual synchronous control employed.

11. The energy storage system parameter design device based on multi-module collaborative control of a network as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The power grid frequency stability requirements include the maximum rate of change and the maximum frequency difference of the system frequency under a certain load change.

12. The energy storage system parameter design device based on multi-module collaborative control of a network as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The overall active frequency response characteristics of the system are designed as a first-order transfer function, and the first-order inertia response coefficient is obtained based on the frequency stability requirements of the power grid. This first-order inertia response coefficient is the frequency trajectory parameter of the system.

13. The energy storage system parameter design device based on multi-module collaborative control of a network as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The solution method for the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device is as follows: Where s is the Laplace transform operator, The active frequency response characteristics of lithium battery-type energy storage devices, This refers to the overall active frequency response characteristics of the system.

14. The energy storage system parameter design device based on multi-module collaborative control of a network as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The supercapacitor-type energy storage device satisfies the following constraints: Supercapacitors do not participate in primary frequency regulation, and their output power is 0 in steady state. The active frequency response characteristic of a supercapacitor-type energy storage device is a first-order inertial response function.

15. The energy storage system parameter design device based on multi-module collaborative control of a network as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The control strategy reverse calculation module includes: The differential processing unit is used to differentiate the power output model of the supercapacitor and establish the transfer function between the output power and voltage of the supercapacitor. The relationship conversion unit is used to obtain the relationship between the supercapacitor voltage and the system frequency based on the active frequency response characteristics of the supercapacitor energy storage device and the transfer function, and then obtain the transfer function between the output angular frequency of the supercapacitor and the supercapacitor voltage, that is, the control strategy of the supercapacitor energy storage device.

16. The energy storage system parameter design device based on multi-module collaborative control of a network as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The power output model of the supercapacitor is expressed as follows: in, U dc This is the voltage of the supercapacitor. C This refers to the capacitance value of the supercapacitor. This represents the active power of the supercapacitor.

17. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It includes one or more programs that are executed by one or more processors of an electronic device, the one or more programs including instructions for executing the parameter design method for energy storage systems based on multi-module collaborative control of a network as described in any one of claims 1-8.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes one or more processors, a memory, and one or more programs stored in the memory, said one or more programs including instructions for executing the energy storage system parameter design method based on network multi-module collaborative control as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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