Ground station remote control method and system for measurement and control satellite

Abstract

The invention provides a ground station remote control method and system for measurement and control satellites, and relates to the field of satellite measurement and control, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a to-be-scheduled task and ground station information, and the to-be-scheduled task carries the satellite information of a to-be-measured and controlled target satellite; determining a candidate ground station set for measuring and controlling the target satellite based on the satellite information and the ground station information, and selecting the candidate ground station with the highest grade as an optimal ground station; generating measurement and control task information of the target satellite based on the satellite information and the candidate ground station set; sending the measurement and control task information to all candidate ground stations in the candidate ground station set; and the target satellite is measured and controlled through the optimal ground station according to the measurement and control task information, and if the optimal ground station cannot complete measurement and control on the target satellite, other candidate ground stations are used for substitution measurement and control according to a selection grade descending order. Operators do not need to manually configure relevant parameters of the tasks to be scheduled, efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the error rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite telemetry, tracking and command (TT&C) technology, and in particular to a remote control method and system for ground stations of TT&C satellites. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, the setup process for satellite telemetry and control via ground stations typically relies on manual configuration, involving tasks such as configuring mission parameters, frequency scheduling, and confirming detection commands. Because this requires manual operation, the complex procedures lead to low efficiency. Poor automation also results in insufficient reliability and security for ground station systems operating in remote, unattended environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a remote control method and system for ground stations of telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) satellites. It addresses the technical problems in existing technologies where "manual operation by operators leads to complex procedures and low efficiency. Poor automation also results in insufficient reliability and security of ground station systems operating in remote, unattended environments."

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a remote control method for a ground station of a telemetry and control satellite, comprising: Acquire the task to be scheduled and ground station information, wherein the task to be scheduled carries satellite information of the target satellite to be monitored and controlled; Based on the satellite information and the ground station information, a set of candidate ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite is determined, and the candidate ground station with the highest priority is selected as the preferred ground station. Based on the satellite information and the candidate ground station set, the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mission information for the target satellite is generated; the TT&C mission information is then sent to all the candidate ground stations in the candidate ground station set. The preferred ground station performs telemetry and control on the target satellite according to the telemetry and control mission information. If the preferred ground station is unable to complete the telemetry and control of the target satellite, other candidate ground stations will be used as substitutes for telemetry and control in descending order of selection level.

[0005] As a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a remote control system for ground stations of telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) satellites, characterized in that it includes a cloud-based mission scheduling center and a ground station system, wherein the cloud-based mission scheduling center includes a mission scheduling module, a ground station selection module, and a TT&C mission information generation module, and the ground station system includes ground stations, wherein the ground stations involve other candidate ground stations, wherein: The task scheduling module is used to acquire the task to be scheduled and ground station information, wherein the task to be scheduled carries the satellite information of the target satellite to be measured and controlled; The ground station screening module is used to determine a set of candidate ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite based on the satellite information and the ground station information, and select the candidate ground station with the highest level as the preferred ground station; The telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mission information generation module is used to generate TT&C mission information for the target satellite based on the satellite information and the candidate ground station set; and to send the TT&C mission information to all the candidate ground stations in the candidate ground station set. Preferably, a ground station is used for telemetry and control of the target satellite based on the telemetry and control mission information; Other candidate ground stations are used to provide backup telemetry and control if the preferred ground station is unable to complete the telemetry and control of the target satellite, in descending order of selection level.

[0006] The advantages of this invention are as follows: By automatically acquiring the tasks to be scheduled and ground station information, it automatically determines candidate ground stations for the target satellite to be tracked and controlled, automatically constructs tracking and control task information and sends it to the candidate ground stations, and the candidate ground stations perform tracking and control (including measurement, tracking and control) of the target satellite according to the tracking and control task information. This eliminates the need for operators to manually configure the relevant parameters of the tasks to be scheduled, improving efficiency and reducing the error rate. The ground station system can also operate reliably in remote, unattended environments, improving security. In the event of a ground station anomaly, the tasks to be scheduled usually do not require manual relocation, thus not affecting the continuity of satellite tracking and control, and exhibiting high fault tolerance and recovery capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0007] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0008] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a remote control method for a ground station of a telemetry and control satellite is shown schematically. Figure 2 The diagram schematically illustrates the structure of a remote control system for a ground station of a telemetry and tracking satellite. Detailed Implementation

[0009] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0010] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application.

[0011] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0012] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0013] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used herein to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, the first component discussed below may be referred to as the second component without departing from the teachings of this application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes all combinations of any one and more of the associated listed items.

[0014] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of exemplary embodiments, and the modules or processes in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this application, and therefore cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, in conjunction with embodiments of the present invention, a remote control method for ground stations of telemetry and control satellites is provided, comprising: S101: Obtain the information of the task to be scheduled and the ground station, wherein the task to be scheduled carries the satellite information of the target satellite to be monitored and controlled; S102: Based on the satellite information and the ground station information, determine a set of candidate ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite, and select the candidate ground station with the highest priority as the preferred ground station; S103: Based on the satellite information and the candidate ground station set, generate the telemetry and control mission information for the target satellite; send the telemetry and control mission information to all the candidate ground stations in the candidate ground station set; S104: The preferred ground station performs telemetry and control on the target satellite according to the telemetry and control mission information. If the preferred ground station cannot complete the telemetry and control of the target satellite, other candidate ground stations are used as substitutes for telemetry and control in descending order of selection level.

[0016] By automatically acquiring the tasks to be scheduled and ground station information, the system automatically identifies candidate ground stations for the target satellite to be tracked and controlled, automatically constructs tracking and control task information, and sends it to the candidate ground stations. The candidate ground stations then perform tracking and control (including measurement, tracking, and control) of the target satellite based on the tracking and control task information. This eliminates the need for operators to manually configure the relevant parameters of the tasks to be scheduled, improving efficiency and reducing the error rate. The ground station system can also operate reliably in remote, unattended environments, improving security. In the event of a ground station anomaly, the tasks to be scheduled typically do not require manual relocation, ensuring the continuity of satellite tracking and control and demonstrating high fault tolerance and recovery capabilities.

[0017] Preferably, S101: Obtain the task to be scheduled and ground station information, wherein the task to be scheduled carries satellite information of the target satellite to be tracked and controlled, including: S101-1: Obtain the task to be scheduled through the task scheduling module of the cloud task scheduling center. The task to be scheduled carries the task identifier, detection instruction, task execution time and satellite information of the target satellite to be monitored and controlled. The satellite information includes the identifier of the target satellite and the visible time window. S101-2: Obtain ground station information through the cloud task scheduling center. The ground station information includes a set of available ground stations, and the health and available bandwidth of each available ground station in the set of available ground stations. The cloud-based task scheduling center automatically acquires information on tasks to be scheduled and ground stations, preparing for the selection of candidate ground stations for the target satellite.

[0018] S102: The ground station screening module determines a set of candidate ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite based on the satellite information and the ground station information, and selects the candidate ground station with the highest priority as the preferred ground station, including: S102-1: For each of the tasks to be scheduled, the ground station filtering module selects ground stations that match the orbital visibility and geographical location constraints of the target satellite from the corresponding set of available ground stations, and uses them as candidate ground stations; S102-1: Sort the candidate ground stations according to their selection level to obtain a set of candidate ground stations, and select the candidate ground station with the highest selection level as the preferred ground station. Satellite orbit visibility refers to the existence of an effective visible time window, and the elevation angle of the available ground station antenna is ≥5° (the elevation angle can be configured according to the ground station), the effective time window length is sufficient, and the time range is reasonable.

[0019] Geographic location constraints refer to ground stations being within the satellite orbit coverage area, having a reasonable geometric relationship, and being free from physical obstructions. Only ground stations that simultaneously meet all of these conditions will be selected for inclusion in the candidate ground station set. Candidate ground stations are selected based on the target satellite's orbital visibility and geographical location constraints. From these candidates, preferred ground stations are selected as the first choice for tracking and controlling the target satellite, while other candidate ground stations are used as backups.

[0020] In S103, based on the satellite information and the candidate ground station set, the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mission information for the target satellite is generated, including: S103-1: Encapsulate the task to be scheduled, the satellite information, and the candidate ground station set into telemetry and control task information.

[0021] Preferably, S102-1: For each of the tasks to be scheduled, ground stations that match the orbital visibility and geographical location constraints of the target satellite are selected from the corresponding set of available ground stations as candidate ground stations, including: For each scheduled task, a comprehensive scoring function is used to calculate the comprehensive score of each available ground station in the set of available ground stations. The available ground stations with the highest comprehensive scores are selected as candidate ground stations. The candidate ground stations are then sorted in descending order of their comprehensive scores to form a candidate ground station set. The selection level of the candidate ground stations is positively correlated with the comprehensive score. The comprehensive scoring function is constructed by weighting the visible time window of the target satellite, the health of the available ground stations, and the available bandwidth of the available ground stations as parameters, combined with the weighting coefficients of each parameter. The telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) task information also includes the comprehensive score of each candidate ground station.

[0022] A comprehensive scoring function is set up. The comprehensive score is based on the visible time window of the target satellite, the health of the available ground stations, and the available bandwidth of the available ground stations as parameters, and is constructed by weighting the parameters with weight coefficients. These parameters are used to measure the suitability of the ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite.

[0023] Preferably, the remote control method for the ground station of the telemetry and control satellite further includes: S105: For the comprehensive scoring function of each ground station, after the ground station becomes a candidate ground station each time, the weight coefficient of each parameter is adaptively adjusted according to the historical task completion rate and historical scheduling results of the ground station. The historical task completion rate is the ratio of the number of tasks completed by the ground station to the total number of tasks executed. The historical scheduling results are obtained by weighting the historical task completion rate, scheduling decision records and scheduling decision parameters.

[0024] By adaptively adjusting the weighting coefficients of the parameters of the comprehensive scoring function after each ground station becomes a candidate ground station, the accuracy of the comprehensive scoring can be improved, thereby enabling the selection of more suitable candidate ground stations for the target satellite.

[0025] Preferably, the remote control method for the ground station of the telemetry and control satellite further includes: S106: A two-way authenticated communication channel is provided between the cloud task scheduling center and the ground station. The communication channel is implemented based on a client and a server. The client is located at the ground station, and the server is located at the cloud task scheduling center. In S103, sending the telemetry and control mission information to the candidate ground stations in the candidate ground station set includes: S103-2: The client and the server perform two-way authentication before communication; S103-3: After two-way authentication is successful, the server performs a digital signature on the measurement and control task information to obtain signature data, encrypts the signature data to obtain an encryption instruction, and sends the encryption instruction to the client of each candidate ground station. S103-4: After the client of the candidate ground station receives the encryption instruction, it decrypts the encryption instruction to obtain the decrypted signature data. It then encrypts the decrypted signature data using the public key obtained offline in advance to obtain the verification instruction. If the verification instruction is the same as the decrypted encryption instruction, it is determined that the decrypted signature data has passed the verification. The decrypted signature data is then decrypted to obtain the measurement and control mission information.

[0026] Employing two-way authentication, digital signatures, and encryption of signature data can fully guarantee that the telemetry and control mission information will not be maliciously hijacked and tampered with.

[0027] Preferably, the task to be scheduled also carries a task priority; In S104, the target satellite is tracked and controlled by the preferred surface station according to the telemetry and control mission information, including: S104-1: After the preferred surface station receives the telemetry and control task information, it obtains the current status of the preferred surface station, which includes: antenna occupancy status, next available time, and task priority of the current scheduling task; S104-2: If the antenna is occupied, for the task with the highest priority to be scheduled, calculate the overlap time between the visible time window of the target satellite to be monitored and controlled and the next available time of the preferred station. If there is an overlap time, update the task to be scheduled to the current scheduled task, and preempt the antenna of the preferred station for the task to be scheduled. The preferred station then monitors and controls the target satellite according to the monitoring and control task information. If the antenna is not occupied, the target satellite can be directly telemetry and control via the preferred surface station according to the telemetry and control mission information.

[0028] By combining antenna occupancy status, task priority of the task to be scheduled, and the next available time of the preferred ground station, antennas are preempted for the task to be scheduled in order to achieve telemetry and control of the target satellite.

[0029] Preferably, in S104-2, the task to be scheduled preempts the antenna of the preferred surface station, and the preferred surface station performs telemetry and control on the target satellite according to the telemetry and control task information, including: S104-2-1: Extract the target satellite's orbital parameters, calculate the target satellite's elevation angle based on the target satellite's orbital parameters, and when the target satellite's elevation angle is greater than the activation elevation angle threshold, control the antenna of the preferred surface station to point towards the target satellite; S104-2-2: Dynamically adjust the transmit power of the antenna and the modulation method of the antenna signal based on the real-time signal-to-noise ratio and communication link delay; S104-2-3: Update the communication link configuration between the candidate ground station and the target satellite in real time according to the adjusted transmit power of the antenna, and send a detection command to the target satellite; S104-2-3: After the detection command is executed, return the command execution status and communication link status, and synchronously send them back to the cloud task scheduling center; if the detection command fails to execute, automatically retry until the preset number of times, and record the reason for the execution failure; S104-2-4: The scheduling results of the candidate ground stations are transmitted back to the cloud task scheduling center in real time to update the database table.

[0030] All of the above operations are completed automatically, which improves efficiency compared to relying mainly on manual methods. This also improves monitoring efficiency compared to the monitoring delays of traditional polling mechanisms.

[0031] Preferably, S107: The step of determining that the preferred surface station cannot complete the scheduled task includes: S107-1: The preferred surface station collects historical task execution indicators and current scheduling task feedback indicators in real time. The historical task execution indicators include communication link packet loss rate and detection command execution success rate. The current scheduling task feedback indicators include real-time signal-to-noise ratio and ideal signal-to-noise ratio. S107-2: Calculate the execution deviation based on the historical task execution indicators and the current scheduling task feedback indicators. If the execution deviation is greater than the execution deviation threshold, determine that the preferred station cannot complete the task to be scheduled.

[0032] Based on the real-time collection of historical task execution indicators and current scheduling task feedback indicators of the preferred surface stations, the execution deviation can be determined, and it is possible to predict in real time whether the preferred surface stations can complete the scheduled tasks, so as to make subsequent adjustments and ultimately complete the scheduled tasks.

[0033] Preferably, in S104, if the preferred ground station cannot complete the task to be scheduled, other candidate ground stations are used as substitutes for telemetry and control in descending order of priority, including: S104-3: If the preferred ground station cannot complete the task to be scheduled, a candidate ground station with a lower level than the preferred ground station and adjacent to it will be selected as a backup ground station. The target satellite will be telemetry and control by the backup ground station, and so on, until the telemetry and control of the target satellite is completed.

[0034] If the preferred ground station cannot complete the scheduled task, other candidate ground stations are selected based on their priority from highest to lowest to perform telemetry and control (TT&C) on the target satellite, so that the TT&C on the target satellite can eventually be completed. The automatic adjustment of candidate ground stations improves efficiency compared to relying primarily on manual methods.

[0035] When multiple ground station missions conflict, the system can automatically make the optimal allocation based on factors such as bandwidth and antenna status.

[0036] This invention provides a remote control method for ground stations of telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) satellites. Through intelligent scheduling of tasks to be scheduled, encrypted signature verification mechanism, distributed status feedback protocol, and anomaly recovery algorithm, it enables secure remote control and intelligent collaboration of ground stations.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in conjunction with an embodiment of the present invention, a remote control system for a ground station of a telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) satellite is provided, including a cloud-based mission scheduling center 21 and a ground station system 22. The cloud-based mission scheduling center 21 includes a mission scheduling module 211, a ground station filtering module 212, and a TT&C mission information generation module 213. The ground station system 22 includes a mission execution module 221, wherein: The task scheduling module 211 is used to acquire the task to be scheduled and ground station information, wherein the task to be scheduled carries the satellite information of the target satellite to be measured and controlled; Ground station screening module 212 is used to determine a set of candidate ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite based on the satellite information and the ground station information, and select the candidate ground station with the highest level as the preferred ground station; The telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mission information generation module 213 is used to generate TT&C mission information for the target satellite based on the satellite information and the candidate ground station set; and to send the TT&C mission information to all the candidate ground stations in the candidate ground station set. The task execution module is used to perform telemetry and control on the target satellite through the preferred ground station according to the telemetry and control task information. If the preferred ground station cannot complete the telemetry and control of the target satellite, other candidate ground stations will be used as substitutes for telemetry and control in descending order of selection level.

[0038] By automatically acquiring the tasks to be scheduled and ground station information, the system automatically identifies candidate ground stations for the target satellite to be tracked and controlled, automatically constructs tracking and control task information and sends it to the candidate ground stations. The candidate ground stations then perform tracking and control on the target satellite based on the task information. This eliminates the need for operators to manually configure the relevant parameters of the tasks to be scheduled, improving efficiency and reducing the error rate. The ground station system can also operate reliably in remote, unattended environments, improving security. In the event of a ground station malfunction, the tasks to be scheduled typically do not require manual relocation, ensuring the continuity of satellite tracking and control, and demonstrating high fault tolerance and recovery capabilities.

[0039] Preferably, the task scheduling module 211 is specifically used for: Obtain the task to be scheduled, wherein the task to be scheduled carries a task identifier, detection instruction, task execution time and satellite information of the target satellite to be monitored and controlled, wherein the satellite information includes the identifier of the target satellite and the visible time window; Obtain ground station information, which includes a set of available ground stations, and the health and available bandwidth of each available ground station in the set of available ground stations; The cloud-based task scheduling center automatically acquires information on tasks to be scheduled and ground stations, preparing for the selection of candidate ground stations for the target satellite.

[0040] Ground station screening module 212 is specifically used for: For each of the tasks to be scheduled, ground stations that match the orbital visibility and geographical location constraints of the target satellite are selected from the corresponding set of available ground stations as candidate ground stations; The candidate ground stations are sorted according to their selection level to obtain a set of candidate ground stations, and the candidate ground station with the highest selection level is selected as the preferred ground station. Satellite orbit visibility refers to the existence of an effective visible time window, and the elevation angle of the available ground station antenna is ≥5° (the elevation angle can be configured according to the ground station), the effective time window length is sufficient, and the time range is reasonable.

[0041] Geographic location constraints refer to ground stations being within the satellite orbit coverage area, having a reasonable geometric relationship, and being free from physical obstructions. Only ground stations that simultaneously meet all of these conditions will be selected for inclusion in the candidate ground station set. Candidate ground stations are selected based on the target satellite's orbital visibility and geographical location constraints. From these candidates, preferred ground stations are selected as the first choice for tracking and controlling the target satellite, while other candidate ground stations are used as backups.

[0042] The measurement and control task information generation module 213 is specifically used for: The task to be scheduled, the satellite information, and the set of candidate ground stations are encapsulated into telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) task information.

[0043] Preferably, the task scheduling module 211 is specifically used for: For each scheduled task, a comprehensive scoring function is used to calculate the comprehensive score of each available ground station in the set of available ground stations. The available ground stations with the highest comprehensive scores are selected as candidate ground stations. The candidate ground stations are then sorted in descending order of their comprehensive scores to form a candidate ground station set. The selection level of the candidate ground stations is positively correlated with the comprehensive score. The comprehensive scoring function is constructed by weighting the visible time window of the target satellite, the health of the available ground stations, and the available bandwidth of the available ground stations as parameters, combined with the weighting coefficients of each parameter. The telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) task information also includes the comprehensive score of each candidate ground station.

[0044] A comprehensive scoring function is set up. The comprehensive score is based on the visible time window of the target satellite, the health of the available ground stations, and the available bandwidth of the available ground stations as parameters, and is constructed by weighting the parameters with weight coefficients. These parameters are used to measure the suitability of the ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite.

[0045] Preferably, the cloud-based task scheduling center 21 further includes a comprehensive scoring function adjustment module, used for: For the comprehensive scoring function of each ground station, after each ground station becomes a candidate ground station, the weight coefficient of each parameter is adaptively adjusted based on the historical task completion rate and historical scheduling results of the ground station. The historical task completion rate is the ratio of the number of tasks completed by the ground station to the total number of tasks executed. The historical scheduling results are obtained by weighting the historical task completion rate, scheduling decision records, and scheduling decision parameters.

[0046] By adaptively adjusting the weighting coefficients of the parameters of the comprehensive scoring function after each ground station becomes a candidate ground station, the accuracy of the comprehensive scoring can be improved, thereby enabling the selection of more suitable candidate ground stations for the target satellite.

[0047] Preferably, the cloud task scheduling center 21 further includes a server, and the ground station system further includes a client and an instruction verification module. A two-way authenticated communication channel is provided between the cloud task scheduling center and the ground station. The communication channel is implemented based on the client and the server. The client is located at the ground station, and the server is located at the cloud task scheduling center. The measurement and control task information generation module 213 is specifically used for: The client and the server perform two-way authentication before communication; After two-way authentication is successful, the server performs a digital signature on the measurement and control task information to obtain signature data, encrypts the signature data to obtain an encryption instruction, and sends the encryption instruction to the client of each candidate ground station. The instruction verification module is used to decrypt the encrypted instruction after the client of the candidate ground station receives the encrypted instruction, obtain the decrypted signature data, encrypt the decrypted signature data using a public key obtained offline in advance, and obtain a verification instruction; if the verification instruction is the same as the decrypted encrypted instruction, it is determined that the decrypted signature data has passed the verification, and the decrypted signature data is decrypted to obtain the measurement and control task information.

[0048] Employing two-way authentication, digital signatures, and encryption of signature data can fully guarantee that the telemetry and control mission information will not be maliciously hijacked and tampered with.

[0049] Preferably, the task to be scheduled also carries a task priority; The task execution module is specifically used for: After receiving the telemetry and control task information, the preferred surface station obtains the current status of the preferred surface station, which includes: antenna occupancy status, next available time, and task priority of the current scheduling task. If the antenna is occupied, for the task with the highest priority to be scheduled, the overlap time between the visible time window of the target satellite to be monitored and controlled and the next available time of the preferred station is calculated. If there is an overlap time, the task to be scheduled is updated to the current scheduled task, and the antenna of the preferred station is preempted for the task to be scheduled. The preferred station then monitors and controls the target satellite according to the monitoring and control task information. If the antenna is not occupied, the target satellite can be directly telemetry and control via the preferred surface station according to the telemetry and control mission information.

[0050] By combining antenna occupancy status, task priority of the task to be scheduled, and the next available time of the preferred ground station, antennas are preempted for the task to be scheduled in order to achieve telemetry and control of the target satellite.

[0051] Preferably, the task execution module is specifically used for: Extract the target satellite's orbital parameters, calculate the target satellite's elevation angle based on the target satellite's orbital parameters, and when the target satellite's elevation angle is greater than the activation elevation angle threshold, control the antenna of the preferred surface station to point towards the target satellite; The transmit power and modulation scheme of the antenna signal are dynamically adjusted based on the real-time signal-to-noise ratio and communication link delay of the antenna signal. The communication link configuration between the candidate ground station and the target satellite is updated in real time according to the adjusted transmit power of the antenna, and a detection command is sent to the target satellite. Ground station system 22 also includes a status monitoring module, which is specifically used for: After the detection command is executed, the command execution status and communication link status are returned and synchronously transmitted back to the cloud task scheduling center; if the detection command fails to execute, it will automatically retry until a preset number of times and record the reason for the failure. The scheduling results of the candidate ground stations are transmitted back to the cloud-based task scheduling center in real time to update the database tables.

[0052] All of the above operations are completed automatically, which improves efficiency compared to relying mainly on manual methods.

[0053] Preferably, the ground station remote control system of the telemetry and control satellite further includes a judgment module, the steps for judging whether the preferred ground station can complete the scheduled task include: The judgment module is specifically used for: The preferred surface station collects historical task execution indicators and current scheduling task feedback indicators in real time. The historical task execution indicators include communication link packet loss rate and detection command execution success rate. The current scheduling task feedback indicators include real-time signal-to-noise ratio and ideal signal-to-noise ratio. The execution deviation is calculated based on the historical task execution indicators and the current scheduling task feedback indicators. If the execution deviation is greater than the execution deviation threshold, it is determined that the preferred station cannot complete the task to be scheduled.

[0054] Based on the real-time collection of historical task execution indicators and current scheduling task feedback indicators of the preferred surface stations, the execution deviation can be determined, and it is possible to predict in real time whether the preferred surface stations can complete the scheduled tasks, so as to make subsequent adjustments and ultimately complete the scheduled tasks.

[0055] Preferably, the task execution module is specifically used for: If the preferred ground station cannot complete the task to be scheduled, a candidate ground station of lower level and adjacent to the preferred ground station will be selected as a backup ground station. The target satellite will be telemetry and control by the backup ground station, and so on, until the telemetry and control of the target satellite is completed.

[0056] If the preferred ground station cannot complete the scheduled task, other candidate ground stations are selected based on their priority from highest to lowest to perform telemetry and control (TT&C) on the target satellite, so that the TT&C on the target satellite can eventually be completed. The automatic adjustment of candidate ground stations improves efficiency compared to relying primarily on manual methods.

[0057] The remote control method for ground stations of telemetry and control satellites according to embodiments of the present invention includes the following steps: I. Task Instruction Generation 1. Data Collection The cloud-based task scheduling center collects the following parameters from the task database: Set of tasks to be scheduled This indicates that the set of tasks to be scheduled includes multiple tasks to be scheduled. t1、 t2、tn These represent the 1st, 2nd, and nth tasks to be scheduled, respectively. ten It refers to the tracking, telemetry, and command (TT&C) mission of a target satellite.

[0058] Vij, the visible time window, represents the task to be scheduled. ten The target satellite to be monitored and controlled is located at an available ground station. sea The visible time window is the period during which the target satellite is visible to available ground stations, including the start and end times. During this period, the target satellite can be tracked and controlled.

[0059] Priority weight Pi represents the task to be scheduled. ten Priority weights.

[0060] The cloud-based task scheduling center collects the following parameters from the ground station monitoring system: Available ground station collection , indicating that the set of available ground stations includes multiple available ground stations, where s1, s2, and sm represent the 1st available ground station, the 2nd available ground station, and the mth available ground station, respectively.

[0061] Health status Hj indicates the availability of ground stations. sea The health status reflects the availability of ground stations. sea Status and communication quality.

[0062] Available bandwidth Bj indicates available ground stations sea Available bandwidth.

[0063] 2. Candidate ground station screening For each task to be scheduled ten Based on the satellite orbit visibility and geographical location constraints of the target satellite, candidate ground stations are selected from the available ground station set to form a candidate ground station set Ci.

[0064] in, Indicates the task to be scheduled ten At available ground stations sea The visible time window Vij has a sufficient length and a reasonable time range.

[0065] Satellite orbit visibility refers to the existence of an effective visibility window, and the elevation angle of the available ground station antenna is ≥5° (the elevation angle can be configured according to the ground station), and the effective time window length is sufficient.

[0066] Geographic location constraint means that there are no physical obstructions within the satellite orbit coverage area. Only ground stations that simultaneously meet the above conditions will be selected to enter the candidate ground station set Ci.

[0067] 3. Calculation of comprehensive score for ground stations For each task to be scheduled, for each candidate ground station in the candidate ground station set Ci sea Calculate candidate ground stations sea The comprehensive scoring function Scoreij:

[0068] Where Visij represents the task to be scheduled. ten At candidate ground stations sea The normalized value of the visible time window; α, β, γ, δ are dynamically adjustable adaptive weights. α represents the health weight coefficient, β represents the available bandwidth weight coefficient, γ represents the visibility time length weight coefficient, and δ represents the weight coefficients of other evaluation indicators. These are automatically updated by the system's historical task success rate model.

[0069] 4. Adaptive weight update The system utilizes historical scheduling results (Rexpected) and task execution feedback data (actual task completion rate) to automatically correct candidate ground stations through a gradient adjustment strategy. seaThe weighting parameters α, β, γ, and δ within the comprehensive scoring function make subsequent scheduling more closely match the actual resource distribution. The comprehensive scoring function is used to quantify and score each ground station in the candidate ground station set, thereby selecting the optimal one from multiple candidate ground stations as the preferred ground station.

[0070] The weight update rule for the ground stations of the target satellites to be monitored and controlled by the task to be scheduled (ti) is as follows: w(t+1)=wt+η(Ractual-Rexpected) Where w represents the weight vector (α,β,γ,δ), η represents the learning rate, and Ractual represents the actual task completion rate, Ractual = number of successfully completed tasks / total number of executed tasks. The actual task completion rate is used as the minuend (Ractual - Rexpected) in the deviation calculation, which can measure the difference between the actual task completion rate and the expected completion rate.

[0071] Historical scheduling results are represented by the expected completion rate Rexpected, which is the expected completion rate based on historical experience and current weight parameters, i.e., the historical average task completion rate. The expected completion rate is used as a subtrahend in the deviation calculation (Ractual - Rexpected). Historical scheduling results include statistics on historical task completion (historical task completion rate), scheduling decision records (task identifier, ground station allocation results, comprehensive score), scheduling decision parameters (historical weight parameter values, candidate ground station set), etc.

[0072] 5. Optimal ground station selection Based on the candidate ground stations sea The comprehensive scoring function is used to select the ground station with the highest comprehensive score for each scheduled task ti:

[0073] Si refers to the available ground station with the highest overall score selected from the candidate set, and argmax represents finding the maximum value.

[0074] 6. Generation of Measurement and Control Task Information For a scheduled task *ti*, the target satellite information, candidate ground stations, comprehensive score, task priority, and visible time window of task *ti* are encapsulated into a complete telemetry and control (TT&C) task information set object. This TT&C task information set uses JSON format and contains all the key information required to execute a satellite TT&C task, enabling the ground station to accurately perform TT&C operations on the target satellite based on this information set. The TT&C task information includes the following core fields: The task identifier field, of type String, is a globally unique identifier automatically generated by the cloud-based task scheduling center for each task to be scheduled. This identifier is automatically generated according to the rule of adding a date and sequence number to the prefix "T", with the format TYYYYMMDDNNN, such as T2025110701, ensuring that it uniquely corresponds to one scheduled task. The task identifier is used throughout the entire task lifecycle for task tracking, log association, and matching of execution feedback data, enabling the remote telemetry and control system of the tracking and control satellite ground station to link all stages of the task from generation, distribution, execution to feedback.

[0075] The target satellite field (satelliteId field), of type String, is used to explicitly indicate the target satellite for this telemetry and control mission. The value of the target satellite field comes from the satellite database and is a unique number for the target satellite; for example, "SAT-A1" indicates the satellite numbered A1.

[0076] The ground station identification field is dynamically assigned by the Adaptive Task Allocation Algorithm (ATSA) based on the available bandwidth, geographical location, task priority, and comprehensive score of the candidate ground station. For example, GS-05 represents a ground station located at a specific latitude and longitude.

[0077] The mission execution time field defines the specific execution time window of the mission, including the start and end times of the mission execution. It is represented in the ISO 8601 standard format using UTC time. For example, ["2025-11-07T10:00Z", "2025-11-07T10:08Z"] indicates that the mission started at 10:00 on November 7, 2025, and ended at 10:08. This execution time window ensures that the mission execution time is strictly within the satellite's visible time window, enabling the ground station to establish an effective communication link with the satellite and complete telemetry and control operations within this execution time window.

[0078] The task priority field is a double-precision floating-point number representing the priority weight of the task to be scheduled. The value ranges from 0 to 1, with a higher value indicating greater task importance. This priority value is calculated by the ATSA algorithm based on the task type (such as emergency monitoring and control, routine data downlink, etc.), task timeliness requirements, and system resource usage. It is mainly used for sorting and resource allocation decisions when dealing with multi-task scheduling conflicts.

[0079] The comprehensive score field, Scoreij, represents the comprehensive score of the task to be scheduled, ti, against the candidate ground station, sj.

[0080] 7. Output Results and Task Caching The generated task instruction set is pushed to the task distribution module and cached in the task queue for encrypted transmission. Simultaneously, the task generation process and decision parameters are recorded in the log system for subsequent learning and optimization.

[0081] II. Security Encryption and Command Distribution 1. Sign off on measurement and control mission information. The telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mission information is hashed, for example using SHA-256, to obtain a digest. This digest is then signed using a private key, for example using RSA, generating signature data. This signature data ensures that the command content cannot be tampered with by a third party. At candidate ground stations, the public key is used to verify the legitimacy of the signature data. The detection commands include binary content such as link establishment commands, attitude adjustments, downlink data, and power control. The encoding format facilitates cross-protocol transmission and prevents encoding ambiguity. Compression and integrity verification (CRC32) can be performed before encryption.

[0082] To ensure the confidentiality and integrity of telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mission information transmission, the ground station remote control system of the TT&C satellite employs a layered encryption mechanism (HEL). The first layer is transport layer encryption (TLS / mTLS). The ground station remote control system establishes a two-way authenticated TLS connection over the gRPC or MQTT communication channel; X.509 certificates are used for client and server authentication; during the handshake phase, a temporary symmetric key is generated using ECDHE (Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman Temporary Key Exchange) for subsequent data encryption; both communicating parties use the AES-256-GCM algorithm to encrypt the transmitted TT&C mission information in real time. The second layer is command-level encryption (RSA + AES). At the transmission layer, the ground station remote control system randomly generates a one-time session asymmetric key: a private key and a public key. Using the AES-256-CBC algorithm, the signed data is encrypted using the private key to obtain the encrypted command, a Base64 string, to prevent content leakage and tampering. The public key is then sent to candidate ground stations. The use of a hybrid encryption structure reduces the computational overhead of RSA and results in high transmission efficiency.

[0083] The optimal transmission channel for sending encrypted commands will be selected based on mission priority and the network status of candidate ground stations. The remote control system for the ground stations of the tracking and control satellite supports the following two communication methods: 1. gRPC over mTLS mode: The remote procedure SendSecureCommand() is called via the gRPC channel; the request body is an encrypted command, and the transport layer uses bidirectional TLS authentication to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks; the candidate ground station decrypts the command and verifies the integrity of the RSA signature. 2. MQTT over TLS mode: The encrypted packet is published to a topic, using QoS=2 (exactly once) to ensure message reliability; the client of the candidate ground station subscribes to the corresponding topic and receives the corresponding message; upon receipt, AES decryption and RSA signature verification are performed.

[0084] III. Ground Station Command Verification The ground station system subscribes to or listens to communication channels (gRPC or MQTT). Upon receiving an encrypted command, the ground station client decrypts it using the public key to obtain the decrypted signature data. It then encrypts the decrypted signature data using a key pre-sent by the cloud-based task scheduling center to obtain a verification command. If the verification command matches the received encrypted command, the signature data is verified as valid. The decrypted signature data is then processed in reverse to obtain the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) task information, which is written to the execution queue. At candidate ground stations, the session key is encrypted using a key to ensure forward security. This approach achieves a balance between high performance and high security by combining the key security of asymmetric encryption with the efficiency of symmetric encryption. The system obtains the target satellite's identifier, the unique identifier of the TT&C task, the task priority, and the detection command. Tasks to be scheduled are then written to the scheduling queue.

[0085] The ground station uses the GSISA intelligent scheduling algorithm. If the priority of the task to be scheduled is higher than the priority of the current task, task preemption is triggered. The calculation of whether there is overlap between the satellite's visible time window and the antenna's available time involves: if there is overlap, the task enters the preparation state and a detection command is sent to the target satellite; if there is no overlap, the next available time is estimated, and the scheduling table is updated. The next available time represents the expected time when the ground station's antenna is available for the task to be scheduled, used to determine whether the task can be executed within the specified time window.

[0086] IV. Task Execution and Status Feedback Before the mission is executed, the communication link is initialized. The ground station remote control system of the telemetry and control satellite extracts the target satellite orbital parameters (TLE data) and calculates the elevation angle in the visual window parameters based on the target satellite orbital parameters. When the elevation angle is ≥ 5°, the ground station starts the antenna to automatically point to the target satellite to perform telemetry and control of the target satellite.

[0087] The Adaptive Link Execution Algorithm (ALEA) dynamically adjusts the antenna's transmit power and the modulation scheme of the antenna signal based on the real-time signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and communication link delay, thereby enabling highly reliable communication.

[0088] The real-time signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is sampled in real time. If the real-time SNR snr_curr is less than the threshold SNR target_snr, the antenna's transmitting power is increased, for example, by 2dB. If the real-time SNR snr_curr is greater than the threshold SNR, the antenna's transmitting power is reduced to save energy, for example, by 1dB.

[0089] The link configuration (a set of configurations of various communication parameters required to establish and maintain a communication link between the ground station and the satellite) is updated in real time based on the antenna's transmit power, and detection commands are sent to the target satellite via SDR (Software Defined Radio).

[0090] After the detection command is executed, the command execution status and communication link status are returned. The command execution status includes: whether it was successful and the delay duration. This information is also synchronously transmitted back to the cloud task scheduling center. If the detection command fails to execute, it is automatically retried up to a preset number of times, for example, ≤ 3 times, and the reason for the failure is recorded.

[0091] The scheduling results and communication link status of the candidate ground stations are transmitted back to the cloud-based task scheduling center in real time for updating the database tables.

[0092] V. Anomaly Detection and Fault Tolerance Transfer An Adaptive Feedback Correction Algorithm (AFCA) is employed to achieve self-feedback closed-loop control of the entire satellite ground control system. Historical mission execution metrics and current scheduling mission feedback metrics are collected in real-time by the preferred ground station. The historical mission execution metrics include packet loss rate and execution rate (ExecRate), while the current scheduling mission feedback metrics include measured signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and target SNR. The AFCA algorithm calculates the execution deviation based on historical mission execution data and current mission feedback. The execution deviation is calculated based on the historical task execution metrics and the current scheduled task feedback metrics. If the execution deviation is greater than the execution deviation threshold, it is determined that the preferred ground station cannot complete the scheduled task. For example, if the execution deviation Error > the execution deviation threshold Threshold, the task scheduling strategy is dynamically adjusted, thus realizing a self-learning optimization closed loop between the cloud task scheduling center and the ground station.

[0093] The execution status of tasks awaiting scheduling is fed back in real time to the cloud-based task scheduling center via a message bus (Kafka / MQTT), which then updates its database tables. Based on the execution status of the tasks, adaptive scheduling adjustments are generated.

[0094] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware.

[0095] Therefore, according to a fourth specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a computer-readable medium. The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the above-described method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] The software product may employ any combination of one or more readable media. A readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0097] The computer-readable storage medium may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. The readable storage medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium, capable of transmitting, propagating, or transmitting programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0098] Program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0099] The aforementioned computer-readable medium carries one or more programs. When these programs are executed by a device, the computer-readable medium performs the following functions: after receiving satellite instructions, the satellite confirms the structure of the satellite data frame and the structure mapping rule driving function; during satellite mission scheduling, the satellite converts operational data into satellite data frames according to the structure of the data frame and the structure mapping rule driving function; the satellite data frames are sent to the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) service platform; the TT&C service platform parses the satellite data frames and sends the parsed data to the test platform.

[0100] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above modules can be distributed in the device as described in the embodiments, or they can be modified accordingly and placed in one or more devices that are unique to this embodiment. The modules in the above embodiments can be combined into one module, or they can be further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0101] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, mobile terminal, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0102] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been specifically shown and described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the detailed structures, arrangements, or implementations described herein; rather, the present invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements contained within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A remote control method for a ground station of a telemetry and control satellite, characterized in that, include: Acquire the task to be scheduled and ground station information, wherein the task to be scheduled carries satellite information of the target satellite to be monitored and controlled; Based on the satellite information and the ground station information, a set of candidate ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite is determined, and the candidate ground station with the highest priority is selected as the preferred ground station. Based on the satellite information and the candidate ground station set, the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mission information for the target satellite is generated; The telemetry and control mission information is sent to all the candidate ground stations in the candidate ground station set; The preferred ground station performs telemetry and control on the target satellite according to the telemetry and control mission information. If the preferred ground station is unable to complete the telemetry and control of the target satellite, other candidate ground stations will be used as substitutes for telemetry and control in descending order of selection level.

2. The remote control method for ground stations of telemetry and control satellites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of the task to be scheduled and ground station information, wherein the task to be scheduled carries satellite information of the target satellite to be tracked and controlled, includes: The task to be scheduled is obtained through the cloud-based task scheduling center. The task to be scheduled carries a task identifier, detection instructions, task execution time and satellite information of the target satellite to be monitored and controlled. The satellite information includes the identifier of the target satellite and its visible time window at available ground stations. Ground station information is obtained through the task scheduling module of the cloud task scheduling center. The ground station information includes a set of available ground stations, as well as the health and available bandwidth of each available ground station in the set of available ground stations. The step of determining a set of candidate ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite based on the satellite information and the ground station information, and selecting the candidate ground station with the highest priority as the preferred ground station, includes: For each of the tasks to be scheduled, ground stations that match the orbital visibility and geographical location constraints of the target satellite are selected from the corresponding set of available ground stations as candidate ground stations; The candidate ground stations are sorted according to their selection level to obtain a set of candidate ground stations, and the candidate ground station with the highest selection level is selected as the preferred ground station. The step of generating the telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mission information for the target satellite based on the satellite information and the candidate ground station set includes: The task to be scheduled, the satellite information, and the set of candidate ground stations are encapsulated into telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) task information.

3. The remote control method for ground stations of tracking and control satellites according to claim 2, characterized in that, For each of the tasks to be scheduled, ground stations that match the orbital visibility and geographical location constraints of the target satellite are selected from the corresponding set of available ground stations as candidate ground stations, including: For each scheduled task, a comprehensive scoring function is used to calculate the comprehensive score of each available ground station in the set of available ground stations. The available ground stations with the highest comprehensive scores are selected as candidate ground stations. The candidate ground stations are then sorted in descending order of their comprehensive scores to form a candidate ground station set. The selection level of the candidate ground stations is positively correlated with the comprehensive score. The comprehensive scoring function is constructed by weighting the visible time window of the target satellite, the health of the available ground stations, and the available bandwidth of the available ground stations as parameters, combined with the weighting coefficients of each parameter. The telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) task information also includes the comprehensive score of each candidate ground station.

4. The remote control method for ground stations of tracking and control satellites according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: For the comprehensive scoring function of each ground station, after each ground station becomes a candidate ground station, the weight coefficient of each parameter is adaptively adjusted based on the historical task completion rate and historical scheduling results of the ground station. The historical task completion rate is the ratio of the number of tasks completed by the ground station to the total number of tasks executed. The historical scheduling results are obtained by weighting the historical task completion rate, scheduling decision records, and scheduling decision parameters.

5. The remote control method for ground stations of telemetry and control satellites according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A two-way authenticated communication channel is provided between the cloud-based task scheduling center and the ground station. The communication channel is implemented based on a client and a server. The client is located at the ground station, and the server is located at the cloud-based task scheduling center. Sending the telemetry and control mission information to candidate ground stations in the candidate ground station set includes: The client and the server perform two-way authentication before communication; After two-way authentication is successful, the server performs a digital signature on the measurement and control task information to obtain signature data, encrypts the signature data to obtain an encryption instruction, and sends the encryption instruction to the client of each candidate ground station. After receiving the encryption command, the client of the candidate ground station decrypts the encryption command to obtain decrypted signature data. The decrypted signature data is then encrypted using a public key obtained offline in advance to obtain a verification command. If the verification command is the same as the decrypted encryption command, the decrypted signature data is determined to have passed the verification. The decrypted signature data is then decrypted to obtain the measurement and control mission information.

6. The remote control method for ground stations of tracking and control satellites according to claim 2, characterized in that, The task to be scheduled also carries a task priority; The step of tracking and controlling the target satellite via the preferred surface station according to the tracking and control mission information includes: After receiving the telemetry and control task information, the preferred surface station obtains the current status of the preferred surface station, which includes: antenna occupancy status, next available time, and task priority of the current scheduling task. If the antenna is occupied, for the task with the highest priority to be scheduled, the overlap time between the visible time window of the target satellite to be monitored and controlled and the next available time of the preferred station is calculated. If there is an overlap time, the task to be scheduled is updated to the current scheduled task, and the antenna of the preferred station is preempted for the task to be scheduled. The preferred station then monitors and controls the target satellite according to the monitoring and control task information. If the antenna is not occupied, the target satellite can be directly telemetry and control via the preferred surface station according to the telemetry and control mission information.

7. The remote control method for ground stations of tracking and control satellites according to claim 6, characterized in that, To preempt the antenna of the preferred surface station for the scheduled task, and to conduct telemetry and control of the target satellite through the preferred surface station according to the telemetry and control task information, including: Extract the target satellite's orbital parameters, calculate the target satellite's elevation angle based on the target satellite's orbital parameters, and when the target satellite's elevation angle is greater than the activation elevation angle threshold, control the antenna of the preferred surface station to point towards the target satellite; The transmit power and modulation scheme of the antenna signal are dynamically adjusted based on the real-time signal-to-noise ratio and communication link delay of the antenna signal. The communication link configuration between the candidate ground station and the target satellite is updated in real time according to the adjusted transmit power of the antenna, and a detection command is sent to the target satellite. After the detection command is executed, the command execution status and communication link status are returned and synchronously transmitted back to the cloud task scheduling center; if the detection command fails to execute, it will automatically retry until a preset number of times and record the reason for the failure. The scheduling results of the candidate ground stations are transmitted back to the cloud-based task scheduling center in real time to update the database tables.

8. The remote control method for ground stations of telemetry and control satellites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for determining that the preferred surface station cannot complete the scheduled task include: The preferred surface station collects historical task execution indicators and current scheduling task feedback indicators in real time. The historical task execution indicators include communication link packet loss rate and detection command execution success rate. The current scheduling task feedback indicators include real-time signal-to-noise ratio and ideal signal-to-noise ratio. The execution deviation is calculated based on the historical task execution indicators and the current scheduling task feedback indicators. If the execution deviation is greater than the execution deviation threshold, it is determined that the preferred station cannot complete the task to be scheduled.

9. The remote control method for ground stations of telemetry and control satellites according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the preferred ground station cannot complete the task to be scheduled, other candidate ground stations will be used as substitutes for telemetry and control in descending order of priority, including: If the preferred ground station cannot complete the task to be scheduled, a candidate ground station of lower level and adjacent to the preferred ground station will be selected as a backup ground station. The target satellite will be telemetry and control by the backup ground station, and so on, until the telemetry and control of the target satellite is completed.

10. A remote control system for a ground station of a telemetry and control satellite, characterized in that, It includes a cloud-based task scheduling center and a ground station system. The cloud-based task scheduling center includes a task scheduling module, a ground station selection module, and a telemetry and control task information generation module. The ground station system includes ground stations, which involve other candidate ground stations, preferably ground stations. The task scheduling module is used to acquire the task to be scheduled and ground station information, wherein the task to be scheduled carries the satellite information of the target satellite to be measured and controlled; The ground station screening module is used to determine a set of candidate ground stations for telemetry and control of the target satellite based on the satellite information and the ground station information, and select the candidate ground station with the highest level as the preferred ground station; The telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) mission information generation module is used to generate TT&C mission information for the target satellite based on the satellite information and the candidate ground station set; and to send the TT&C mission information to all the candidate ground stations in the candidate ground station set. Preferably, a ground station is used for telemetry and control of the target satellite based on the telemetry and control mission information; Other candidate ground stations are used to provide backup telemetry and control if the preferred ground station is unable to complete the telemetry and control of the target satellite, in descending order of selection level.

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