Tire test bench, system, test method, and method for manufacturing and testing tire
By integrating temperature and force detection devices into the tire testing bench and combining them with regression analysis, the problem of inaccurate tire rolling resistance measurement was solved, and accurate rolling resistance measurement considering temperature changes was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHAFA FRIEDRICH SCHAFFEN CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
Existing tire testing benches are difficult to accurately measure rolling resistance, especially when considering temperature changes in the tire deformation zone, resulting in inaccurate rolling resistance measurements.
A tire test bench equipped with temperature and force detection devices is used to detect the temperature and tangential force in the deformed section of the tire surface. Regression analysis is used to determine the rolling resistance, taking into account temperature dependence, so as to achieve accurate measurement.
It can obtain tire rolling resistance with exceptional precision, especially through accurate measurements at specific reference temperatures, thus improving testing accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN121969908A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a tire testing bench, system, testing method, and method for manufacturing and testing tires. Background Technology
[0002] Tire testing benches and methods for testing tires using these benches are known in the prior art. Tire testing benches known in the prior art, for example, have a frame and a tire holder mounted on the frame. A tire with a tread can be mounted on the tire holder in a manner rotatable about a first axis of rotation. Furthermore, tire testing benches known in the prior art can also have a drum mounted on the frame and supported in a manner rotatable about a second axis of rotation, the drum having a drum surface surrounding the second axis of rotation. Additionally, the tire testing bench can also have a force detection device mounted on the frame. When the tire is mounted on the tire holder, the tire holder can be positioned such that when the tire rotates about the first axis of rotation in a rotational direction and the drum rotates about the second axis of rotation, the tire rolls on the drum surface with its tread. The force detection device is configured to detect a tangential force that acts tangentially on the tire at the contact point between the tread and the drum surface, perpendicular to the first axis of rotation and along the tire's rotational direction, when the tire rolls on the drum surface with its tread. Here, the drum surface can also be referred to as a road surface substitute and is configured to approximate the conditions on the road surface.
[0003] The tire test bench can be used to determine the rolling resistance of a tire. Determining the rolling resistance can be a single test step performed by the tire test bench, or one of several test steps performed. If the rolling resistance is determined using a tire test bench, then the tire test bench can also be called a rolling resistance measuring machine or a rolling resistance testing machine. To determine the rolling resistance, the tire rolls on the drum surface with its tread as follows, i.e., simulating rolling in the direction of motion. Here, the tire is subjected to a radially acting force. Because the tire deforms during rolling, the contact point or contact surface between the tread and the drum surface is positioned in front of the tire when viewed along the simulated direction of motion. This is at least different from the ideal case (where the tire does not deform during rolling and therefore the contact point or contact surface intersects a straight line extending along the tire's radius when viewed along the radial direction of the tire), where the contact point or contact surface is further positioned in front of the tire when viewed along the simulated direction of motion. Due to the displacement of the contact point or the contact surface, the combined normal force, viewed along the direction of motion, will be offset forward relative to the first axis of rotation and act on the tire in the opposite direction of rotation. This combined normal force results in a tangential force perpendicular to the first axis of rotation and acting tangentially on the tire at the contact point between the tread and the drum surface, along the tire's rotation direction. The rolling resistance of the tire can be determined using this tangential force.
[0004] It is generally expected that tires can be tested with exceptional precision, and in particular, that conclusions can be drawn with exceptional accuracy regarding rolling resistance. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Therefore, the objective of this invention is to test tires with particular precision and, in particular, to determine the rolling resistance of tires with particular precision.
[0006] According to a first aspect of the invention, the task is solved by a tire testing stand having the features of claim 1. The tire testing stand includes a frame; a tire holder mounted on the frame, on which a tire with a tread is mounted rotatably about a first axis of rotation; a drum mounted on the frame and supported rotatably about a second axis of rotation, the drum having a drum surface surrounding the second axis of rotation; a force detection device mounted on the frame; and a temperature detection device mounted on the frame. When the tire is mounted on the tire holder, the tire holder can be positioned such that when the tire rotates about the first axis of rotation in a rotational direction and the drum rotates about the second axis of rotation, the tire rolls on the drum surface with its tread. The force detection device is configured to detect a tangential force that acts tangentially on the tire perpendicular to the first axis of rotation and along the rotational direction of rotation when the tire rolls on the drum surface with its tread. The temperature detection device is configured to detect the temperature of a section of the tire's surface when the tire is mounted on the tire holder. Preferably, the tire test bench is a uniformity tire test bench, which may also be called a Uniformity tire test bench or a Uniformity Maschine.
[0007] When the tire is mounted on a tire holder, the tire holder can be positioned such that when the tire rotates about a first axis of rotation in a rotational direction and the drum rotates about a second axis of rotation, the tire rolls on the surface of the drum with its tread. Preferably, the tire test bench has a tire drive unit that drives the tire, which is rotatably mounted on the tire holder, along the rotational direction. The rotational direction (in which the tire can rotate) can also be referred to as the tire rolling direction. Preferably, the tire test bench has a tire braking unit that can brake the tire, which is rotatably mounted on the tire holder, when the tire rotates along the tire rolling direction. Thus, the tire's rotational speed can be reduced by means of the tire braking unit when the tire rotates along the tire rolling direction. Preferably, the tire test bench has a drum drive unit that can drive the drum along the drum rolling direction. Preferably, the tire test bench has a drum braking unit that can brake the drum when the drum rotates along the drum rolling direction. Therefore, when the drum rotates in the direction of drum rotation, the rotation speed of the drum can be reduced by means of the drum braking unit.
[0008] The tire testing bench has a force detection device. This device is configured to detect tangential forces that act tangentially on the tire, perpendicular to a first axis of rotation and along one direction of rotation, as the tire rolls on the drum surface with its tread. In this context, a tangential force acting tangentially on the tire, perpendicular to the first axis of rotation and along one direction of rotation, means that the tangential force lies in a plane extending perpendicular to the first axis of rotation and acts along a first straight line. This first straight line is perpendicular to a second straight line that also extends in the same plane, along the radial direction of the tire, through the first axis of rotation, and through the contact point between the tread and the drum surface. Here, the tangential force acts in one direction along the first straight line, which is also the direction in which the segment of the tire located between the first axis of rotation and the contact point between the tread and the drum surface moves due to the tire's rotational motion about the first axis of rotation. The detected tangential force can be used to determine the tire's rolling resistance. The detected tangential force, for example, corresponds to the tire's rolling resistance.
[0009] In addition to being configured to detect tangential forces, the force detection device is preferably also configured to detect radial forces acting on the tire. The radial force preferably corresponds to the force acting on the tire by the drum along the radial direction of the tire. The radial force can be used to simulate the load acting on the tire by a vehicle equipped with the tire. Alternatively or additionally, in addition to being configured to detect tangential forces, the force detection device is preferably also configured to detect lateral forces acting on the tire. The lateral forces preferably act on the tire by the drum parallel to either the first or second axis of rotation. In addition to tangential forces, radial and / or lateral forces can be taken into account when testing the tire.
[0010] The force detection device, or at least a section thereof, may be mounted on a tire holder and, for example, on a frame via the tire holder, thereby enabling the force detection device to detect a tangential force perpendicular to the first rotation axis, regardless of the arrangement of the first rotation axis, and especially regardless of the arrangement of the first and second rotation axes relative to each other. Alternatively or additionally, the force detection device, or at least a section thereof, may be mounted on a drum holder, and the drum holder may be mounted on a frame, with the drum rotatably supported on the drum holder, thereby enabling the detection of a tangential force perpendicular to the second rotation axis, regardless of the arrangement of the second rotation axis, and especially regardless of the arrangement of the first and second rotation axes relative to each other.
[0011] Preferably, the force detection device is configured and arranged such that a first section of the force detection device is arranged on a first side of the tire when viewed along a first axis of rotation, and a second section of the force detection device is arranged on a second side of the tire opposite to the first side when viewed along the first axis of rotation. Alternatively or additionally, the force detection device is preferably further configured and arranged such that a third section of the force detection device is arranged on a first side of the drum when viewed along a second axis of rotation, and a fourth section of the force detection device is arranged on a fourth side of the tire opposite to the third side when viewed along the second axis of rotation.
[0012] The tire test bench is equipped with a temperature detection device. This device is configured to detect the temperature of a section of the tire's surface when the tire is mounted on a tire cage. By detecting the temperature of this section, it is possible to detect the temperature of sections of the tire that deform particularly strongly when the tire is rolling, or sections spatially located particularly close to the tire that deform particularly strongly when the tire is deformed. Therefore, in particular, for example, when it is necessary to know the rolling resistance at a specific reference temperature, the temperature-dependent deformability of sections of the tire can be considered when determining the rolling resistance. By detecting the temperature of this section of the tire's surface, it is possible to ensure particularly accurate detection of the temperature of sections of the tire that play a crucial role in deformation, and thus achieve particularly accurate knowledge of the rolling resistance. Therefore, not only tangential forces but also the temperature of sections of the tire's surface can be detected, allowing each detected tangential force to be associated with a detected temperature in a region of the tire where particularly strong deformation occurs. Therefore, in particular, it is possible to detect the temperature of sections where the tire's temperature-dependent deformability has a particularly strong effect on rolling resistance.
[0013] Preferably, the temperature detection device has one or more temperature detection elements, wherein each temperature detection element is configured to detect the surface temperature of the tire when the tire is mounted on a tire retainer. The temperature detection device, for example, has a first temperature detection element, a second temperature detection element, and a third temperature detection element. Preferably, each temperature detection element is connected to a frame and is preferably movable to different locations.
[0014] The first temperature sensing element preferably includes a temperature sensor. The first temperature sensing element is preferably configured to contact a segment of the tire surface, such that when the first temperature sensing element is in contact with the segment of the tire surface, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of that segment of the tire surface. The second temperature sensing element preferably includes a temperature sensor. Preferably, the second temperature sensing element is configured to contact a segment of the tire surface, such that when the second temperature sensing element is in contact with the segment of the tire surface, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of that segment of the tire surface. The third temperature sensing element preferably includes a temperature sensor. Preferably, the third temperature sensing element is configured to contact a segment of the tire surface, such that when the third temperature sensing element is in contact with the segment of the tire surface, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of that segment of the tire surface.
[0015] Preferably, the first temperature sensing element is configured to detect the temperature of a section of the tire surface in a non-contact manner, such that when the first temperature sensing element detects the temperature of a section of the tire surface, it is arranged at a distance from the tire. Preferably, the second temperature sensing element is configured to detect the temperature of a section of the tire surface in a non-contact manner, such that when the second temperature sensing element detects the temperature of a section of the tire surface, it is arranged at a distance from the tire. Preferably, the third temperature sensing element is configured to detect the temperature of a section of the tire surface in a non-contact manner, such that when the third temperature sensing element detects the temperature of a section of the tire surface, it is arranged at a distance from the tire.
[0016] Preferably, the first temperature sensing element has a sensor for detecting thermal radiation radiated from a segment of the tire surface, wherein the first temperature sensing element is configured to determine the temperature of the surface segment based on thermal radiation. Preferably, the second temperature sensing element has a sensor for detecting thermal radiation radiated from a segment of the tire surface, wherein the second temperature sensing element is configured to determine the temperature of the surface segment based on thermal radiation. Preferably, the third temperature sensing element has a sensor for detecting thermal radiation radiated from a segment of the tire surface, wherein the third temperature sensing element is configured to determine the temperature of the surface segment based on thermal radiation.
[0017] Preferably, multiple tangential forces and multiple temperatures are detected on one or more tires, thereby preferably obtaining a specific temperature dependence of the tangential force or the specific temperature dependence of the rolling resistance. Regression analysis, for example, can reveal a function that, according to specific mathematical criteria, best describes the temperature dependence of the tangential force. This function, or another function, can then be used to determine the rolling resistance of the tire based on the detected temperature and the detected tangential force. Using this function, or another function, the rolling resistance of the tire at a reference temperature can be determined based on the detected temperature and the detected tangential force. For example, the rolling resistance of the tire at a specific reference temperature can be obtained by summing the detected tangential force with the product of a coefficient and the detected temperature, or by other functions. Therefore, compared with tire test benches known according to the prior art, the advantage of a tire test bench is, in particular, that the rolling resistance of the tire can be known with exceptional accuracy. This is because the knowledge of the rolling resistance, for example, the rolling resistance at a specific reference temperature, can take into account the temperature of the tire in the section where particularly strong deformation occurs when the tire rolls, or at least the temperature of the section that is spatially close to the tire in the section where particularly strong deformation occurs when the tire deforms.
[0018] In conclusion, it can be pointed out that tires can be tested with particular precision, and in particular, the rolling resistance of the tires can be obtained with particular accuracy.
[0019] Preferably, the first and second rotation axes are arranged parallel to each other. This parallel arrangement ensures that straight-line driving can be simulated using a tire test bench. Preferably, the first and second rotation axes can also pivot relative to each other, such that the first rotation axis can pivot relative to the second rotation axis, or the second rotation axis can pivot relative to the first rotation axis, or both the first and second rotation axes can pivot relative to the first rotation axis. If the first and second rotation axes pivot relative to each other from their parallel arrangement, cornering can be simulated.
[0020] Preferably, the tire testing stand includes a tire drive unit, a tire braking unit, a drum drive unit, and a drum braking unit. The tire drive unit drives the rotational movement of the tire. The tire braking unit brakes the rotational movement of the tire, that is, reduces the rotational speed of the tire along its rolling direction. The drum drive unit drives the rotational movement of the drum. The drum braking unit brakes the rotational movement of the drum, that is, reduces the rotational speed of the drum along its rolling direction.
[0021] Preferably, the tire testing bench has a mechanism matched to perform the steps already described and those to be described later. Preferably, the mechanism has a processor and a data memory matched to perform the respective steps.
[0022] In one embodiment, a section of the tire surface points radially away from the first axis of rotation. Therefore, the temperature sensing device is configured to detect the temperature of this section of the tire surface, radially away from the first axis of rotation, when the tire is mounted on a tire cage. For this purpose, the temperature sensing device may have a temperature sensing element configured to detect the temperature of this section of the tire surface, radially away from the first axis of rotation. The detected temperature can then be used to determine the rolling resistance of the tire, thus providing, for example, a particularly accurate determination of the rolling resistance, such as at a predetermined reference temperature.
[0023] In one embodiment, a section of the tire surface points in a direction parallel to the first axis of rotation. Therefore, the temperature sensing device is configured to detect the temperature of this section of the tire surface pointing in the direction parallel to the first axis of rotation when the tire is mounted on a tire cage. For this purpose, the temperature sensing device may have a temperature sensing element configured to detect the temperature of this section of the tire surface pointing in the direction parallel to the first axis of rotation. The detected temperature can then be used to determine the rolling resistance of the tire, thus providing, for example, a particularly accurate determination of the rolling resistance, such as the rolling resistance at a predetermined reference temperature.
[0024] In one embodiment, the temperature detection device is configured to detect the ambient temperature of the tire when the tire is mounted on the tire cage. The ambient temperature of the tire can further refine the knowledge of rolling resistance.
[0025] According to a second aspect of the invention, the task described at the outset is solved by a system having the features of claim 5. This system is configured for manufacturing a plurality of tires and for testing at least one of these tires. The system has a tire testing stand according to the first aspect of the invention and manufacturing equipment for manufacturing the plurality of tires. With this system, the plurality of tires can be manufactured, and subsequently, the plurality of tires or a subset of tires can be tested by detecting a corresponding tangential force for each of the plurality of tires or for each tire in the subset, and by detecting the temperature of a segment of the surface of the corresponding tire. The features, technical effects, and / or advantages described in conjunction with the tire testing stand according to the first aspect of the invention are also applicable, at least in a similar manner, to the system according to the second aspect of the invention, and therefore, corresponding repetition is omitted here.
[0026] According to a third aspect of the invention, the task described at the outset is solved by a method having the features of claim 6. This method is configured to test at least one of a plurality of tires using a tire testing stand according to the first aspect of the invention. The method comprises the steps of: in a first step, detecting a tangential force using a force detection device; and in a second step, detecting the temperature of a section of the tire's surface using a temperature detection device. In particular, compared to methods known according to the prior art, this method has the advantage of being able to obtain the tire's rolling resistance with exceptional precision, because the knowledge of rolling resistance, for example, the knowledge of rolling resistance at a specific reference temperature, can take into account the temperature of the tire's sections that exhibit particularly strong deformation during tire rolling, or the temperature of sections at least spatially close to the tire that exhibit particularly strong deformation during tire deformation. The features, technical effects, and / or advantages described in conjunction with the tire testing stand according to the first aspect of the invention and the system according to the second aspect of the invention are also applicable, at least in a similar manner, to the method according to the third aspect of the invention, and thus corresponding repetitions are omitted here.
[0027] In one embodiment, the second step is performed before the first step. In this case, the temperature of a segment of the tire's surface can be detected with particular precision, especially because the temperature can be detected when the tire is not rotating about the first axis of rotation. Furthermore, if the temperature is detected when the tire is not rotating about the first axis of rotation, the temperature sensing element of the temperature sensing device can be constructed in a simple manner such that the temperature sensing element can be placed in contact with a segment of the tire's surface, thereby allowing the temperature sensor of the temperature sensing element to detect the temperature of that segment of the tire's surface when the first temperature sensing element is in contact with that segment.
[0028] In one embodiment, the second step is performed during the first step. Performing the second step during the first step ensures particularly efficient testing of the tire in terms of time. Furthermore, when the second step is performed during the first step, the temperature of a section of the tire's surface can be detected with particular precision, especially since the temperature can be detected when the tire rotates about the first axis of rotation and thus during tire deformation, as well as during the detection of tangential forces. Therefore, the detected temperature specifically corresponds to the temperature present in the deformed section of the tire. Moreover, if the temperature is detected when the tire rotates about the first axis of rotation, the temperature sensing element of the temperature sensing device can be configured in a simple manner to detect the temperature of a section of the tire's surface non-contactly, such that the temperature sensing element can be arranged at a distance from the tire while detecting the temperature of a section of the tire's surface. Preferably, the temperature sensing element has a sensor for detecting thermal radiation radiated from a section of the tire's surface, wherein the temperature sensing element is configured to determine the temperature of the surface section based on thermal radiation.
[0029] In one embodiment, the second step is performed after the first step. In this case, the temperature of a segment of the tire's surface can be detected with particular precision, especially because the temperature can be detected when the tire is not rotating about the first axis of rotation. Furthermore, if the temperature is detected when the tire is not rotating about the first axis of rotation, the temperature sensing element of the temperature sensing device can be constructed in a simple manner such that the temperature sensing element can be in contact with a segment of the tire's surface, so that when the first temperature sensing element is in contact with a segment of the tire's surface, the temperature sensor of the temperature sensing element detects the temperature of that segment of the tire's surface.
[0030] In one embodiment, the method further includes the step of determining the rolling resistance of the tire based on the detected temperature and the detected tangential force. For example, the rolling resistance of the tire at a reference temperature can be determined using a function based on the detected temperature and the detected tangential force.
[0031] In one embodiment, the method further includes the steps of: comparing the known rolling resistance with a reference value, wherein when the rolling resistance of the tire is less than the reference value, the tire is assigned to a first group, and wherein when the rolling resistance of the tire is greater than or equal to the reference value, the tire is assigned to a second group. Thus, it is possible to test whether the rolling resistance at a reference temperature is within an acceptable range, and further steps can be initiated depending on whether the tire is assigned to the first or second group. Preferably, the reference value is a reference value at a specific temperature, thereby obtaining the reference value at that detected temperature using the detected temperature, and comparing the detected tangential force or the rolling resistance obtained from the detected tangential force with the reference value. Alternatively, preferably, the reference value can also be a reference value at a specific temperature, thereby first converting or normalizing the detected tangential force to the specific reference temperature using the detected temperature, and then comparing the normalized tangential force with the reference value at the reference temperature.
[0032] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the task described at the outset is solved by a method having the features of claim 12. This method is configured for manufacturing and testing tires. The method comprises the steps of manufacturing a plurality of tires and testing at least one of the manufactured plurality of tires using the method according to a third aspect of the invention. The method for manufacturing and testing tires can be used to manufacture a plurality of tires, and subsequently, the plurality of tires or a subset of the plurality of tires can be tested by detecting a corresponding tangential force for each of the plurality of tires or for each tire in the subset, and detecting the temperature of a segment of the surface of the corresponding tire. The features, technical effects, and / or advantages described in conjunction with the tire testing bench according to the first aspect of the invention, the system according to the second aspect of the invention, and the method according to the third aspect of the invention are also applicable, at least in a similar manner, to the method according to the fourth aspect of the invention, and thus, corresponding repetition is omitted here.
[0033] Other features, advantages, and applications of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Here, all described and / or illustrated features also form the subject matter of the invention individually and in any combination, independent of their combination in the various claims or their references. Furthermore, the same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar objects. Attached Figure Description
[0034] Figure 1 and Figure 2 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of a tire testing stand for wheels according to the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the system according to the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the method for testing according to the present invention is shown; and Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the method for manufacturing and testing according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation
[0035] Figure 1 and Figure 2 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the tire testing bench 1 according to the present invention is shown. The tire testing bench 1 includes a frame 3, a tire holder 5 mounted on the frame 3, a drum 7 mounted on the frame 3, a force detection device 9 mounted on the frame 3, and a temperature detection device 11 mounted on the frame 3.
[0036] A tire 13 with a tread 15 is mounted on a tire cage 5 in a manner rotatable about a first axis of rotation 17. Here, the tread 15 is arranged around the first axis of rotation 17. Figure 1 and Figure 2The diagram shows the tire rolling direction 19, along which the tire 13 rotates. The drum 7 has a drum surface 21. The drum 7 is supported in a manner rotatable about a second rotation axis 23, and the drum surface 21 is arranged around the second rotation axis 23. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram shows the rotation direction of the drum 25, and the drum 7 rotates along the rotation direction.
[0037] When tire 13 is mounted on tire retainer 5, tire retainer 5 can be positioned such that when tire 13 is about the first axis of rotation 17 along the... Figure 1 and Figure 2 When the drum 7 rotates in the direction corresponding to the tire rolling direction 19 and rotates around the second rotation axis 23, that is, when... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As the drum rotates in the direction of rotation 25, the tire 13 rolls on the drum surface 21 with its tread 15. Therefore, in the tire holder 5, Figure 1 and Figure 2 At the positioning point shown, tire 13 rolls on the drum surface 21 of drum 7 with its tread 15.
[0038] Force detection device 9 is configured to detect force in Figure 2 The tangential force 27 is indicated by the arrow. When the tire 13 rolls on the drum surface 21 of the drum 7 with its tread 15, the tangential force 27 acts tangentially to the tire 13 perpendicular to the first axis of rotation 17 and in the direction of rotation of the tire 13. Because the tire 13 rolls on the drum surface 21 of the drum 7 with its tread 15, it is possible to simulate the rolling of the tire 13 on a flat surface, wherein the simulation is of the tire 13 rolling on a flat surface. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the case of tire rolling direction 19 shown, the tire moves in a direction above the flat surface during rolling. This direction corresponds to the direction of tire rolling direction 19 on the side opposite to the contact point between the tire 13 and the drum 7 on the first axis of rotation 17. That is, in Figure 2 From center to right. This simulated direction can also be referred to as the direction of motion 29 and... Figure 2 The image is symbolically shown with an arrow. The tangential force 27 therefore acts in the opposite direction of motion 29. As the tire 13 rolls on the drum 7, the tire 13 deforms, particularly in front of the first axis of rotation 17 when viewed in the direction of motion 29, causing a force perpendicular to the first axis of rotation 17 and along the direction of motion 29 in front of the first axis of rotation 17 (that is, in...). Figure 2 The force (located to the right of the first rotation axis 17) resists the rotational motion of the tire 13 in the opposite direction of tire rolling 19. This force, as a reaction force, results in a tangential force 27 acting in the opposite direction of motion 29.
[0039] Therefore, the tangential force 27 can be detected by the force detection device 9. The rolling resistance of the tire 13 can be determined by the detected tangential force 27. The detected tangential force 27 corresponds, for example, to the rolling resistance of the tire 13.
[0040] The temperature detection device 11 is configured to detect the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire 13 when the tire 13 is mounted on the tire retainer 5. By detecting the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire 13, the temperature of sections of the tire 13 that exhibit particularly strong deformation under rolling deformation can be detected, or the temperature of sections at least spatially located particularly close to the tire 13 that exhibit particularly strong deformation under tire deformation can be detected. In particular, therefore, for example, when the rolling resistance at a specific reference temperature should be known, the deformability of these sections of the tire 13 as a function of temperature can be taken into account when the rolling resistance is known. By detecting the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire 13, the temperature of the sections of the tire 13 that play a key role in deformation can be detected with particular accuracy, and thus a particularly accurate knowledge of the rolling resistance can be achieved. Therefore, not only the tangential force 27 can be detected, but also the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire 13 can be detected, thereby assigning each detected tangential force 27 to a detected temperature in a region of the tire 13 where particularly strong deformation occurs. Therefore, it is particularly possible to detect the temperature in the section of tire 13 where the temperature-dependent deformability has a particularly strong effect on rolling resistance.
[0041] Therefore, for example, multiple tangential forces and multiple temperatures can be detected in the case of one or more tires 13, thereby revealing the specific temperature dependence of the tangential force 27 or the specific temperature dependence of the rolling resistance. Regression analysis can, for example, reveal a function that, according to specific mathematical criteria, best describes the temperature dependence of the tangential force 27. This function, or another function, can then be used to determine the rolling resistance of the tire 13 based on the detected temperature and the detected tangential force 27. Using this function, or another function, the rolling resistance of the tire 13 at a reference temperature can, for example, be determined based on the detected temperature and the detected tangential force 27. For example, the rolling resistance of the tire 13 at a specific reference temperature can be determined by the sum of the product of the detected tangential force 27 and a coefficient and the detected temperature, or by other functions. Therefore, compared with tire test benches known in the prior art, the advantage of tire test bench 1 is particularly that the rolling resistance of tire 13 can be known with particular accuracy. This is because the knowledge of rolling resistance, for example, rolling resistance at a specific reference temperature, can take into account the temperature of the section of tire 13 that undergoes particularly strong deformation when the tire 13 rolls, or at least the temperature of the section of tire 13 that undergoes particularly strong deformation when the tire 13 is arranged in close proximity to the tire 13.
[0042] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 The temperature detection device 11 according to an embodiment of the tire testing bench 1 of the present invention shown in the figure has a first temperature detection element 31, a second temperature detection element 33, and a third temperature detection element 35. The first temperature detection element 31, the second temperature detection element 33, and the third temperature detection element 35 are respectively configured to detect the surface temperature of the tire 13 when the tire 13 is mounted on the tire retainer 5. The first temperature detection element 31, the second temperature detection element 33, and the third temperature detection element 35 are respectively connected to the frame 3 and can be moved to different positions. The first temperature detection element 31 is configured to detect the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire 13, wherein the section of the surface of the tire 13 points in a direction parallel to the first rotation axis 17. The second temperature detection element 33 is configured to detect the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire 13, wherein the section of the surface of the tire 13 also points in a direction parallel to the first rotation axis 17. The section of the tire 13 whose temperature can be detected by means of the first temperature sensing element 31 is arranged on one side of the tire 13, opposite to the other side of the tire 13, on which the section of the tire 13 whose temperature can be detected by means of the second temperature sensing element 33 is arranged. The third temperature sensing element 35 is configured to detect the temperature of the section of the tire 13 surface that points radially away from the first rotation axis 17.
[0043] The first temperature sensing element 31, the second temperature sensing element 33, and the third temperature sensing element 35 are respectively configured to detect the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire 13 in a non-contact manner. When the first temperature sensing element 31, the second temperature sensing element 33, and the third temperature sensing element 35 detect the corresponding temperature of the corresponding section of the surface of the tire 13, the first temperature sensing element 31, the second temperature sensing element 33, and the third temperature sensing element 35 are arranged at a distance from the tire 13. The first temperature sensing element 31, the second temperature sensing element 33, and the third temperature sensing element 35 each have a sensor for detecting thermal radiation radiated from the corresponding section of the surface of the tire 13, wherein the first temperature sensing element 31, the second temperature sensing element 33, and the third temperature sensing element 35 are respectively configured to determine the corresponding temperature of the corresponding section of the surface based on the thermal radiation.
[0044] The temperature at different regions on the surface of the tire 13 can be detected by means of the first temperature sensing element 31, the second temperature sensing element 33 and the third temperature sensing element 35. These temperatures can be used to determine the rolling resistance of the tire 13 and thus provide a particularly accurate determination of the rolling resistance, such as the rolling resistance at a predetermined reference temperature.
[0045] Furthermore, the temperature detection device 11 is configured to detect the ambient temperature of the tire 13 when the tire 13 is mounted on the tire retainer 5. The ambient temperature of the tire 13 can further improve the accuracy of the rolling resistance measurement.
[0046] In addition, the tire testing bench 1 has a tire drive unit, a tire braking unit, a drum drive unit, and a drum braking unit, wherein these components are... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The components are not shown in the diagram. The tire drive unit can drive the rotational movement of the tire 13. The tire braking unit can brake the rotational movement of the tire 13, that is, reduce the rotational speed of the tire 13 along the tire roll direction 19. The drum drive unit can drive the rotational movement of the drum 7. The drum braking unit can brake the rotational movement of the drum 7, that is, reduce the rotational speed of the drum 7 along the drum roll direction 25.
[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the system 37 according to the present invention is shown. The system 37 is configured for manufacturing a plurality of tires 13 and for testing at least one of the plurality of tires 13. The system 37 has according to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system includes two tire testing stands 1 and a manufacturing apparatus 39 for manufacturing multiple tires 13. Multiple tires 13 can be manufactured using the system 37, and then the multiple tires 13 or a subset of the multiple tires 13 can be tested by detecting a corresponding tangential force 27 for each tire 13 in the multiple tires or for each tire 13 in the subset, and by detecting the temperature of a section of the surface of the corresponding tire 13.
[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of the method for testing according to the present invention is shown. Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of the method for manufacturing and testing according to the present invention is shown.
[0049] exist Figure 4 The method shown is configured to be used to utilize in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The tire test bench 1 shown tests at least one of a plurality of tires 13. Figure 4 The method shown includes a first step 101, a second step 102, a third step 103, a fourth step 104, and a fifth step 105. In the first step 101, the tangential force 27 is detected using the force detection device 9. In the second step 102, the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire 13 is detected using the temperature detection device 11. Figure 4In the method shown, the second step 102 is performed after the first step 101. In an alternative embodiment of the method for testing, the second step 102 is performed before the first step 101. Alternatively, in another alternative embodiment of the method for testing, the second step 102 is performed during the first step 101. In the fourth step 104, the rolling resistance of the tire 13 is determined based on the detected temperature and the detected tangential force 27. In the fifth step 105, the determined rolling resistance is compared with a reference value, and when the rolling resistance of the tire 13 is less than the reference value, the tire 13 is assigned to the first group, and when the rolling resistance of the tire 13 is greater than or equal to the reference value, the tire 13 is assigned to the second group.
[0050] By detecting the temperature of a section of the surface of tire 13, a particularly accurate conclusion can be drawn about the actual temperature of tire 13. Therefore, the actual temperature of tire 13 can be known with exceptional precision, especially compared to situations where the temperature of the environment surrounding tire 13 is known and assumed to approximately correspond to the temperature of tire 13. Thus, the known tangential force 27, or multiple known tangential forces, can be assigned to a temperature or multiple known temperatures with exceptional precision. Particularly for cases where rolling resistance is known by means of the detected tangential force 27, and the temperature is detected, and the rolling resistance at a reference temperature (e.g., 25°C) is estimated or normalized based on these values of the detected tangential force 27 and the detected temperature, this estimation can provide particularly accurate results, allowing for a particularly reliable conclusion as to whether the estimated rolling resistance for a particular tire 13 at the reference temperature is within an acceptable range. For example, if the estimated rolling resistance at 25°C is less than the reference rolling resistance at 25°C, tire 13 passes the test as "qualified" and is assigned to Group 1. However, if the estimated rolling resistance at 25°C is equal to or greater than the reference rolling resistance at 25°C, tire 13 fails the test as "unqualified" and is assigned to Group 2. The more accurate the estimation of the rolling resistance at 25°C, the more accurate the test results, and the more reliably tire 13 can be classified into "qualified" and "unqualified" groups, i.e., Group 1 or Group 2.
[0051] and Figure 4 In comparison, the tires used for manufacturing and testing 13 Figure 5 The method shown in the figure additionally includes a sixth step 106 in which a plurality of tires 13 are manufactured. Subsequently, at least one of the plurality of manufactured tires 13 is tested in a first step 101, a second step 102, a third step 103, a fourth step 104, and a fifth step 105.
[0052] It should be further noted that "having" does not exclude other elements or steps, and "an" or "a plurality" does not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that the features described with reference to one of the above embodiments may also be used in combination with other features of the other embodiments described above. Reference numerals in the claims should not be considered limiting.
[0053] List of reference numerals
[0054] 1 Tire testing bench
[0055] 3 racks
[0056] 5. Tire cage
[0057] 7. Rotating Drum
[0058] 9. Force Detection Device
[0059] 11 Temperature detection device
[0060] 13 tires
[0061] 15 Tread
[0062] 17 First axis of rotation
[0063] 19. Tire Rolling Direction
[0064] 21. Rotating drumhead
[0065] 23 Second axis of rotation
[0066] 25. Rotation direction of the drum
[0067] 27 Tangential force
[0068] 29. Direction of movement
[0069] 31 First temperature sensing element
[0070] 33 Second temperature sensing element
[0071] 35 Third temperature sensing element
[0072] 37 System
[0073] 39 Manufacturing equipment
[0074] 101 First Step
[0075] 102 Second Step
[0076] 103 Third Step
[0077] 104 Fourth Step
[0078] 105 Fifth Step
[0079] 106. Step Six
Claims
1. Tire testing stand (1), which has rack (3) A tire holder (5) is mounted on the frame (3), on which a tire (13) having a tread (15) is mounted in a manner that allows it to rotate about a first rotation axis (17). A drum (7) is mounted on the frame (3) and supported in a manner that allows it to rotate about a second rotation axis (23), the drum having a drum surface (21) surrounding the second rotation axis (23). The force detection device (9) mounted on the frame (3), and Temperature detection device (11) installed on the frame (3). in, When the tire (13) is mounted on the tire retainer (5), the tire retainer can be positioned such that when the tire (13) rotates about the first axis of rotation (17) in one direction of rotation and the drum (7) rotates about the second axis of rotation (23), the tire (13) rolls on the drum surface (21) of the drum (7) with its tread (15). The force detection device (9) is configured to detect a tangential force (27) when the tire (13) rolls on the drum surface (21) of the drum (7) with its tread (15). The tangential force is perpendicular to the first rotation axis (17) and acts tangentially on the tire (13) along the rotation direction of the tire (13). The temperature detection device (11) is configured to detect the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire (13) when the tire (13) is mounted on the tire retainer (5).
2. The tire test bench (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The section of the surface of the tire (13) is radially away from the first rotation axis (17).
3. The tire test stand (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The sections of the surface of the tire (13) extend in a direction parallel to the first axis of rotation (17).
4. The tire test stand (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The temperature detection device (11) is configured to detect the ambient temperature of the tire (13) when the tire (13) is mounted on the tire holder (5).
5. A system (37) for manufacturing a plurality of tires (13) and for testing at least one of the plurality of tires (13), wherein, The system (37) has a tire test bench (1) according to any one of the preceding claims and manufacturing equipment (39) for manufacturing the plurality of tires (13).
6. A method for testing at least one of a plurality of tires (13) using a tire test bench (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The method comprises the following steps: In the first step (101), the tangential force (27) is detected by means of the force detection device (9), and In the second step (102), the temperature of a section of the surface of the tire (13) is detected by means of a temperature detection device (11).
7. The method according to the preceding claim, wherein, The second step (102) is performed before the first step (101).
8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The second step (102) is performed during the first step (101).
9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The second step (102) is performed after the first step (101).
10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising the following steps: The rolling resistance of the tire (13) is determined based on the detected temperature and the detected tangential force (27).
11. The method according to claim 10, further comprising the following steps: The obtained rolling resistance is compared with the baseline value. in, When the rolling resistance of the tire (13) is less than the reference value, the tire (13) is assigned to the first group, and When the rolling resistance of the tire (13) is greater than or equal to the reference value, the tire (13) is assigned to the second group.
12. A method for manufacturing and testing tires (13), wherein, The method comprises the following steps: Manufacture multiple tires (13), and At least one of the plurality of tires (13) manufactured is tested using the method according to any one of claims 6 to 11.