Low-loss ear picking mechanism of corn harvester

Abstract

A telescopic cutting assembly of the low-loss ear picking mechanism comprises a cutting knife, a first force sensor and a second force sensor, and a plurality of first force sensors are upwards arranged on the portions, on the two sides of a feeding channel, of an upper plate body in the conveying direction. The lower plate body is provided with a plurality of second force sensors on the two sides of the feeding channel in the conveying direction towards the feeding channel, the positions of the first force sensors and the second force sensors are in one-to-one correspondence, and the cutting knives are arranged between the upper plate body and the cutting roller in pairs and can stretch out and draw back to move towards the feeding channel; in the process that stalks enter the feeding channel and advance towards the output end, the stalks touch the second force sensors to detect the force value, and when the upper first force sensor corresponding to the second force sensor which detects the force value detects the force value and the force value exceeds a preset value, the stalks enter the feeding channel. A feedback signal drives the cutting knife to move towards the feeding channel for one time so as to cut ear stems and stalks. The corn harvester avoids extrusion damage to ears caused by a traditional structure, and improves the corn harvesting quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an agricultural machinery device, and more specifically to a low-damage ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Existing corn harvesters use a cutting and picking structure where, after the corn stalks are fed into the feed channel, a cutting roller below chops the stalks and drags them downwards. The ears then detach from the chopped stalks and fall onto the picking roller plate before being transported to subsequent collection mechanisms. However, this structure involves a forced pulling action on the stalks after the ears descend to the picking roller plate, which poses a risk of damage to the ears and affects harvest quality. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the structure to protect the corn ears and reduce damage to the corn. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a low-damage ear-picking mechanism for corn harvesters. By sensing the corn ears and actively cutting them, the mechanism separates the ears from the stalks, avoiding the squeezing damage to the ears caused by traditional structures and improving the quality of corn harvesting.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-loss ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester, comprising an ear-picking roller plate, wherein a feeding channel for stalks to enter is formed in the middle of the ear-picking roller plate, and cutting rollers for cutting stalks are arranged on both sides of the feeding channel below the ear-picking roller plate. As the stalks enter the feeding channel and move towards the output end, a pair of cutting rollers rotate to drag the stalks downwards and continuously cut them. When the ears on the stalks descend to the ear-picking roller plate, they are blocked and output to the output end. The mechanism also includes a telescopic cutting assembly, which includes a cutting blade, a first force sensor, and a second force sensor. The ear-picking roller plate includes an upper plate and a lower plate arranged vertically, with the upper plate on both sides of the feeding channel. Several first force sensors are spaced upwards along the conveying direction. Several second force sensors are spaced on both sides of the lower plate along the conveying direction towards the feed channel. The positions of the first and second force sensors correspond one-to-one vertically. Cutting blades are arranged in pairs between the upper plate and the cutting roller and can extend and retract to move towards the feed channel. As the stalk enters the feed channel and moves towards the output end, the stalk touches the second force sensor to detect the force value. When the first force sensor above the second force sensor detects the force value and the force value exceeds a predetermined value, the feedback signal drives the cutting blade to move towards the feed channel once to cut the ear stalk and stalk.

[0005] As an improvement, the usage of the low-damage ear-picking mechanism in corn harvesters includes: S1: The drive unit moves toward the planted corn, causing the corn stalks to enter the feed channel; S2: The rotating cutting roller cuts the corn stalks and drags them downwards to continue cutting the stalks; S3: The second force sensor on the side detects the force value when the stem touches it, thus determining the position of the stem; S4: When the first force sensor above the second force sensor detects a force value and the force value exceeds a predetermined value, it is determined that the corn ear has come into contact with the first force sensor. The feedback signal drives the cutting blade to move into the feed channel once to cut the ear stalk and stem. S5: The cut ears of fruit are supported by the upper plate and output to the output end.

[0006] As an improvement, the cutting blade is located between the upper plate and the lower plate.

[0007] As an improvement, the cutting blade is driven to move by a telescopic power mechanism, which includes a cylinder, a linkage gear assembly, and an inclined push block. The cylinder is arranged in a front-to-back orientation, and the cylinder shaft, linkage gear assembly, and inclined push block are connected in sequence. When the cylinder reciprocates, it drives the inclined push block to move back and forth. The rear of the cutting blade is equipped with a push roller that cooperates with the inclined push block. The inclined surface of the inclined push block pushes the push roller toward the feed channel. The cutting blade is also connected to an elastic element. When the cutting blade is pushed out, the elastic element deforms and stores force. When the inclined push block returns to its original position, the cutting blade is quickly reset by the release of elastic force from the elastic element.

[0008] As an improvement, the linkage gear set includes a first rack, a gear, and a second rack. The first rack and the second rack are arranged in parallel and are meshed and driven by the gear. The first rack is connected to the cylinder shaft of the cylinder, and a slanted push block is provided on the second rack.

[0009] As an improvement, two sets of inclined push blocks are arranged on the second rack, one in front and one behind.

[0010] As an improvement, two sets of elastic elements are set at the front and rear positions of the cutting blade.

[0011] As an improvement, the cutting blade is equipped with rails or sliding grooves on both sides for reciprocating sliding engagement.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By sensing the corn ears and actively cutting them, the ears and stalks are separated, avoiding the squeezing damage to the ears caused by the traditional forced pulling method, thus improving the quality of corn harvest.

[0013] 2. By setting multiple force sensors at intervals along the corn conveying direction, full coverage of the sensing function is achieved. Furthermore, by setting force sensors at two positions, one above and one on the side, misjudgments caused by the force value generated when the corn falls onto the upper plate after harvesting, or the force value generated when fragmented stalks fall onto the upper plate, are avoided, thereby improving the accuracy of telescopic cutting. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the telescopic cutting assembly of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic power mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a picking roller in the prior art.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Harvesting roller; 101. Upper plate; 102. Lower plate; 11. Feed channel; 12. Cutting roller; 2. Telescopic cutting assembly; 21. Cutting blade; 211. Push roller; 212. Elastic element; 22. First force sensor; 23. Second force sensor; 3. Telescopic power mechanism; 31. Cylinder; 32. Linkage gear assembly; 321. First rack; 322. Gear; 323. Second rack; 33. Inclined push block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 , 2 Figures 3 and 4 show specific embodiments of the low-damage ear-picking mechanism of the corn harvester of the present invention. The figures only illustrate the mutual cooperation between the structures. The position and size ratio of the specific structures can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual product situation, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The specific embodiment includes a picking roller plate 1, with a feeding channel 11 formed in the middle of the picking roller plate 1 for the stalks to enter. Cutting rollers 12 for cutting the stalks are arranged on both sides of the feeding channel 11 below the picking roller plate 1. As the stalks enter the feeding channel 11 and move towards the output end, the pair of cutting rollers 12 rotate to drag the stalks downward and continuously cut the stalks. When the ears of fruit on the stalks descend to the picking roller plate 1, they are blocked and output to the output end. It also includes a telescopic cutting assembly 2, which includes a cutting blade 21, a first force sensor 22 and a second force sensor 23. The picking roller plate 1 includes an upper plate 101 and a lower plate 102 arranged vertically. The upper plate 101 has a plurality of first force sensors 21 and 22 arranged at intervals along the conveying direction on both sides of the feeding channel 11. Force sensor 22, several second force sensors 23 are arranged at intervals on both sides of the feed channel 11 along the conveying direction. The positions of the first force sensor 22 and the second force sensor 23 are one-to-one vertically. The cutting blade 21 is arranged in pairs between the upper plate 101 and the cutting roller 12 and can be extended and retracted to move towards the feed channel 11. When the stalk enters the feed channel 11 and moves towards the output end, the stalk touches the second force sensor 23 to detect the force value. When the first force sensor 22 above the second force sensor 23 detects the force value and the force value exceeds the predetermined value, the feedback signal drives the cutting blade 21 to move towards the feed channel 11 to cut the ear stalk and stalk.

[0022] The operation methods of the low-loss ear-picking mechanism of a corn harvester include: S1: Drive the equipment toward the planted corn, causing the corn stalks to enter the feed channel 11; S2: The rotating cutting roller 12 cuts the corn stalks and drags the stalks downwards to continue cutting the stalks; S3: The stem touches the second force sensor 23 on the side, detects the force value, and determines the position of the stem; S4: When the first force sensor 22 above the second force sensor 23 detects the force value and the force value exceeds the predetermined value, it is determined that the corn ear has come into contact with the first force sensor 22. The feedback signal drives the cutting blade 21 to move into the feed channel 11 once to cut the ear stalk and stem. S5: The cut ear of fruit is supported by the upper plate 101 and output to the output end.

[0023] In use, the user drives the corn harvester to the corresponding corn plant. The corn stalks enter the cutting and picking structure at the front of the harvester. The cutting and picking structure has several parallel picking units, each with the picking roller plate 1 described above. The corn stalks enter the feed channel 11, and the lower part of the corn plant is cut after contacting a pair of cutting rollers 12. Then, the entire stalk is pulled downwards and continuously cut under the rotation of the cutting rollers 12. After the corn ears separate from the stalks, they fall onto the picking roller plate 1 and are pushed forward and backward by the plant and corn ears at the angle of the picking roller plate 1, and are output to the output end for subsequent processing or collection. As an innovation of this invention, in order to address the squeezing damage to the ears caused by the forced pulling and separation of the ears and stalks, a retractable cutting blade 21 is provided to actively cut between the ears and stalks at appropriate times, thereby avoiding squeezing damage to the ears and ensuring the quality of the ears. Firstly, several first force sensors 22 installed on the upper plate 101 can detect the force at each conveying position; simultaneously, several second force sensors 23 installed on the lower plate 102 can detect the presence of the stalk at each conveying position. If a first force sensor 22 detects a force exceeding a predetermined value at a certain location, and a corresponding second force sensor 23 detects a force at that location, it indicates that the corn ear is being pulled downwards. This triggers a feedback signal to activate the cutting blade 21, which moves towards the feed channel 11 to cut the ear stalk and stalk, thus actively cutting and separating the ear stalk. This avoids continuous downward pulling on the corn ear, allowing the ear to separate from the stalk more smoothly and without damage. After the ears of corn separate from the stalks, they fall onto the upper plate 101 and continue to be transported to the output end. Subsequently, the first force sensor 22 detects the ears being transported backwards. Since the contact between these ears and the first force sensor 22 does not exceed a predetermined value, the telescopic cutting action is not triggered. On the other hand, due to the time difference between plant input and forward / backward transport, and the complexity of the plant, there may be accumulation of corn ears or scattered debris and stalks falling onto the upper plate 101. This may cause the instantaneous resistance force to exceed the predetermined value set by the first force sensor 22. In this case, the second force sensor 23... The settings ensure that the above error will not trigger the telescopic cutting action. That is, although the first force sensor 22 exceeds the predetermined value, the corresponding second force sensor 23 cannot detect the presence of stalks at that point to generate force. In other words, there are no stalks at that point, so the force detected above is not caused by the contact between the corn and the stalks. Therefore, the telescopic cutting action will not be triggered. This ensures that the stalks in the entire feed channel 11 can be smoothly and continuously pulled down and cut by the cutting roller 12 when not separating corn ears, reducing the equipment wear and energy loss caused by the frequent operation of the cutting blade 21.

[0024] As an improved specific implementation, the cutting blade 21 is located between the upper plate 101 and the lower plate 102.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the cutting blade 21 is positioned close to the upper plate 101, making the cutting position closer to the ear stalk, reducing stalk residue on the ear, and reducing the difficulty of subsequent ear processing. The lower plate 102 serves two purposes: it houses the second force sensor 23 and it blocks the lower cutting roller 12, effectively preventing crushed stalks or debris from the ground from contaminating or affecting the telescopic cutting assembly 2.

[0026] As an improved specific implementation, the cutting blade 21 is driven to move by a telescopic power mechanism 3. The telescopic power mechanism 3 includes a cylinder 31, a linkage gear group 32, and an inclined push block 33. The cylinder 31 is arranged in a front-to-back orientation. The cylinder shaft of the cylinder 31, the linkage gear group 32, and the inclined push block 33 are connected in sequence. When the cylinder 31 performs reciprocating motion, it drives the inclined push block 33 to move back and forth. The rear of the cutting blade 21 is provided with a push roller 211 that cooperates with the inclined push block 33. The inclined surface of the inclined push block 33 pushes the push roller 211 toward the feed channel 11. The cutting blade 21 is also connected to an elastic element 212. The elastic element 212 deforms and stores force when the cutting blade 21 is pushed out. When the inclined push block 33 is reset, the cutting blade 21 releases the elastic force by the elastic element 212 to quickly reset.

[0027] The linkage gear set 32 ​​includes a first rack 321, a gear 322, and a second rack 323. The first rack 321 and the second rack 323 are arranged in parallel and are meshed and driven by the gear 322. The first rack 321 is connected to the cylinder shaft of the cylinder 31, and the second rack 323 is provided with a slanted push block 33.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the ear-picking roller plate 1 has a relatively long front-to-back length. However, in order to adapt to the current planting spacing of corn, its width is relatively small. Therefore, the setting of the telescopic power mechanism 3 needs to make reasonable use of the space in the front-to-back direction to avoid the problem of the small width.

[0029] like Figure 2 , 3As shown, utilizing the spatial advantage in the front-to-back direction, a cylinder 31 is set up to transmit power through the back-to-back movement of the cylinder shaft; the linkage gear assembly 32 is specifically configured as a first rack 321, a gear 322, and a second rack 323 meshing sequentially, wherein the gear 322 is rotated through a shaft structure, and the first rack 321 and the second rack 323 on both sides parallel to each other realize the reciprocating motion of the cylinder 31 on the inclined push block 33; the inclined surface of the inclined push block 33 pushes the push roller 211 perpendicular to the direction of movement of the inclined push block 33, thereby driving the cutting blade 21 out to complete the cutting action of the stem. When the inclined push block 33 is reset, the push roller 211 and the cutting blade 21 are not linked with the inclined push block 33, but are quickly reset by releasing the elastic force through the elastic element 212. The overall action is smooth and stable, and the cutting blade 21 does not have a rigid connection state. When the stem or debris in the feed channel 11 comes into contact with the cutting blades 21 on both sides, the cutting blade 21 has the flexibility to float back and forth, which can reduce the possibility of damage to the cutting blade 21.

[0030] As an improved specific implementation, the inclined push block 33 is arranged in two sets on the second rack 323.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the cutting blade 21 itself has a large span, and two sets of inclined push blocks 33 can be set at the front and rear positions to push the cutting blade 21, thereby improving the stability of the cutting blade 21 in pushing out and cutting.

[0032] As an improved specific implementation, two sets of elastic elements 212 are provided at the front and rear positions of the cutting blade 21.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the cutting blade 21 itself has a large span, and two sets of elastic elements 212 can be set at the front and rear positions to elastically limit and reset the cutting blade 21, thereby improving the stability of the reciprocating motion of the cutting blade 21.

[0034] As an improved specific implementation, the cutting blade 21 is provided with rails or sliding grooves on both sides for reciprocating sliding cooperation.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, a track or sliding groove is set to position the cutting blade 21, thereby improving the stability of the cutting blade 21's movement.

[0036] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-loss ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester, comprising an ear-picking roller plate (1), wherein a feeding channel (11) for stalks to enter is formed in the middle of the ear-picking roller plate (1), and cutting rollers (12) for cutting stalks are arranged on both sides of the feeding channel (11) below the ear-picking roller plate (1). During the process of the stalks entering the feeding channel (11) and moving towards the output end, the pair of cutting rollers (12) rotate to drag the stalks downward and continuously cut the stalks. When the ears on the stalks descend to the ear-picking roller plate (1), they are blocked and output to the output end; characterized in that: It also includes a telescopic cutting assembly (2), which includes a cutting blade (21), a first force sensor (22), and a second force sensor (23). The picking roller plate (1) includes an upper plate (101) and a lower plate (102) arranged vertically. The upper plate (101) has several first force sensors (22) spaced upward along the conveying direction on both sides of the feeding channel (11). The lower plate (102) has several second force sensors (23) spaced upward along the conveying direction towards the feeding channel (11) on both sides of the feeding channel (11). The first force sensors (22) and The positions of the second force sensor (23) are one-to-one correspondences between the upper and lower parts. The cutting blades (21) are arranged in pairs between the upper plate (101) and the cutting roller (12) and can be extended and retracted to move towards the feed channel (11). When the stalk enters the feed channel (11) and moves towards the output end, the stalk touches the second force sensor (23) to detect the force value. When the first force sensor (22) above the second force sensor (23) that detects the force value detects the force value and the force value exceeds the predetermined value, the feedback signal drives the cutting blade (21) to move towards the feed channel (11) once to cut the ear stalk and stalk.

2. The low-loss ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of using the low-damage ear-picking mechanism of the corn harvester includes: S1: Drive the equipment toward the planted corn, causing the corn stalks to enter the feed channel (11). S2: The rotating cutting roller (12) cuts the corn stalks and drags the stalks downward to continue cutting the stalks; S3: The stem touches the second force sensor (23) on the side and detects the force value to determine the position of the stem; S4: When the first force sensor (22) above the second force sensor (23) that detects the force value detects the force value and the force value exceeds the predetermined value, it is determined that the corn ear has come into contact with the first force sensor (22), and the feedback signal drives the cutting blade (21) to move into the feed channel (11) once to cut the ear stalk and stem; S5: The cut ear of fruit is supported by the upper plate (101) and output to the output end.

3. A low-loss ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cutting blade (21) is located between the upper plate (101) and the lower plate (102).

4. A low-loss ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cutting blade (21) is driven to move by a telescopic power mechanism (3). The telescopic power mechanism (3) includes a cylinder (31), a linkage gear group (32), and an inclined push block (33). The cylinder (31) is arranged in a front-to-back orientation. The cylinder shaft of the cylinder (31), the linkage gear group (32), and the inclined push block (33) are connected in sequence. When the cylinder (31) is reciprocating, it drives the inclined push block (33) to move back and forth. The rear of the cutting blade (21) is provided with a push roller (211) that cooperates with the inclined push block (33). The inclined surface of the inclined push block (33) pushes the push roller (211) toward the feed channel (11). The cutting blade (21) is also connected to an elastic element (212). The elastic element (212) deforms and stores force when the cutting blade (21) is pushed out. When the inclined push block (33) is reset, the cutting blade (21) is quickly reset by the elastic force released by the elastic element (212).

5. The low-loss ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linkage gear set (32) includes a first rack (321), a gear (322), and a second rack (323). The first rack (321) and the second rack (323) are arranged in parallel and mesh with each other through the gear (322). The first rack (321) is connected to the cylinder shaft of the cylinder (31), and the second rack (323) is provided with a slanted push block (33).

6. The low-loss ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inclined push block (33) is arranged in two sets on the second rack (323).

7. The low-loss ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two sets of elastic elements (212) are provided at the front and rear positions of the cutting blade (21).

8. The low-loss ear-picking mechanism for a corn harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting blade (21) is provided with rails or sliding grooves on both sides for reciprocating sliding cooperation.

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