Rice and wheat continuous cropping double-seed soaking, germination accelerating and rapid sowing annual high-yield technical system

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice and wheat continuous cropping double-seed soaking, germination accelerating and rapid sowing annual high-yield technical system. The technical regulations that rice water control lasts for 3-6 days and the environment temperature ranges from 20 DEG C to 25 DEG C and wheat water control lasts for 2-4 days and the environment temperature ranges from 15 DEG C to 20 DEG C are established through differentiated seed soaking and germination accelerating parameter design of rice and wheat double seasons, an annual '365 + 6 'time parallel architecture is achieved, and the annual effective physiological activity day number is increased to 371 days. A physical activation seed soaking system, an intelligent water control dormancy workshop and an intelligent decision-making platform are matched, and starting 0.5 day after sowing, full seedling in 3 days and seedling strengthening in 5 days are achieved. According to the method, quadruple complementation of regions, functions, parameters and systems is formed with a coastal saline-alkali land stress-resistant seed treatment patent, and a water control dormancy technology matrix is jointly constructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, specifically to a double-season seed soaking and germination-promoting time-seedling technology under a year-round rice-wheat rotation system, and in particular to a technical system for achieving year-round high yields through time synergy and physiological regulation of seed pretreatment for both seasons. Background Technology

[0002] In the double-cropping rice and wheat areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the traditional production model suffers from the following structural contradictions: (1) Tight seasonal transition time The rice-wheat rotation system presents a contradiction due to the overlapping harvest and sowing seasons. When the previous crop matures, the next crop must be sown immediately, but seed preparation takes time, leading to delays in agricultural operations. Under the traditional model, there are only about 350 days of effective physiological activity per year, resulting in a waste of about 15 days and insufficient time efficiency.

[0003] (2) Unstable seedling quality In the direct seeding method, the seed imbibition process is constrained by soil moisture, resulting in a 7 to 10-day delay in emergence and a uniformity variation coefficient as high as 25%. Although conventional germination methods can shorten the emergence time, the sowing window is only 3 days. If the weather delays the sowing, the buds become too long, causing severe mechanical damage, and there is a lack of a systematic time coordination mechanism.

[0004] (3) The separation of double-season technology Existing technologies are mostly designed for single-season crops and lack synergistic design for double-season rice and wheat. The soaking and germination parameters, time windows, and mechanical adaptations for rice and wheat are independent, and a year-round integrated technical system has not been formed.

[0005] (4) Empirical experience in seed treatment Current methods for soaking and germinating seeds largely rely on farmers' experience, lacking standardized factory facilities and intelligent decision support, resulting in inconsistent quality and difficulty in large-scale promotion.

[0006] Compared with existing technologies, this system has the following characteristics: (1) Comparison with the technology of Zhu Xinkai et al. The late-sown wheat seed soaking and germination technology proposed by Zhu Xinkai et al. in 2020 ("Advantages and Key Technologies of Late-Sown Wheat Seed Soaking and Germination") includes soaking seeds in clean water, germinating at a suitable temperature, drying the seeds, and then sowing them. It also explicitly requires that the germinated seeds be sown within 3 days. This technology has the following limitations: firstly, the sowing window is only 3 days, resulting in poor tolerance for agricultural timing errors; secondly, it does not address the collaborative design of rice and wheat double-cropping; thirdly, it lacks industrialized facilities and intelligent decision-making systems; and fourthly, it lacks physical activation methods to enhance seed vigor.

[0007] (2) Comparison with stress-resistant seed treatment technology in coastal saline-alkali land This application and the prior art application, "An Innovative Integrated Method for Treating Stress-Resistant Seeds of Late-Sown Wheat in Coastal Saline-Alkali Land and a Functional Seed Product," constitute a complementary patent portfolio under the same technical concept, and their specific coordination relationship is as follows: Regional Complementarity: The comparative application targets the special adversity of coastal saline-alkali land, with a topsoil salinity of 0.2% to 0.35%, which is a salt-stressed environment; this application targets standard farmland in the Jianghuai rice-wheat double-cropping area, which is a conventional agricultural production environment. The two applications cover different application scenarios, thus forming regional complementarity.

[0008] Functional complementarity: The comparative application focuses on salt resistance functionality, constructing an anti-stress barrier through a triple coating of chemical protection units, physical barrier units, and physiological induction units; this application focuses on time efficiency and year-round synergy, improving production efficiency through physical activation methods and industrialized systems. The two applications complement each other in their functional positioning.

[0009] Complementary parameters: The comparative application has a moisture content range of 28% to 30%, which is a precise, narrow-range control, and a temperature control of 8 to 12 degrees Celsius, which is low-temperature storage; this application has a moisture content range of 26% to 32%, which is a more adaptable design to the differences between rice and wheat, and a temperature control of 15 to 25 degrees Celsius, which is a normal or temperature-controlled range. The two applications complement each other in terms of key process parameters.

[0010] Complementary conditions: The comparative application uses low-temperature storage conditions to extend the seed safety window; this application uses ambient or controlled temperature conditions to achieve flexible adaptation for both rice and wheat harvests. The two applications complement each other in terms of environmental condition control.

[0011] Complementary Mechanisms: The core method of the comparative application is chemical coating, with chemical agents such as difenoconazole, fludioxonil, and thiamethoxam as the main functional components; the core method of this application is physical activation, using physical methods such as micro-nano bubbles to enhance seed vigor, and is equipped with a factory system to achieve standardized production. The two applications complement each other in terms of their mechanisms of action.

[0012] Complementary in form: The comparative application focuses on compound seed dressing products, representing a product-oriented technical solution; this application focuses on industrial facilities and a digital platform, representing a system-oriented technical solution. The two applications complement each other in terms of their protected forms.

[0013] In summary, the two applications share the core mechanism of "water-controlled dormancy," but their application scenarios, technical focus, parameter range, environmental conditions, mechanism of action, and protection forms are significantly different. They together cover all application scenarios of "water-controlled dormancy" technology. It is recommended that they be submitted on the same day for collaborative examination to build a complete patent protection system.

[0014] The two applications share the core mechanism of "water-controlled hibernation", but their application scenarios, technical focus, parameter range and protection forms are significantly different. They constitute a complementary patent portfolio under the same technical concept and jointly cover all application scenarios of "water-controlled hibernation" technology. Summary of the Invention

[0015] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a year-round high-yield technology system for rice-wheat continuous cropping with double soaking, germination, and rapid sowing, achieving the following objectives: First, a breakthrough in time efficiency. By coordinating the soaking and germination times for both rice and wheat double-cropping, the number of effective physiological activity days per year is increased from 350 to 371, achieving a "365+6" year-round time structure. The "effective physiological activity days" mentioned in this invention refer to the number of days from the start of seed soaking to crop maturity when the seed or plant is in an active physiological state, including the physiological activity time during the seed pretreatment stage and the field growth period.

[0016] Second, the quality of seedling emergence has improved dramatically. Emergence is achieved within 0.5 days after sowing, uniform emergence within 3 days, and robust seedlings within 5 days, with the coefficient of variation for seedling uniformity controlled within 8%.

[0017] Third, integrate dual-season technologies. Establish a differentiated seed soaking and germination parameter system for rice and wheat seasons, forming an integrated technical procedure for the whole year.

[0018] Fourth, production standardization. Through factory-style facilities and intelligent decision-making systems, seed processing will shift from relying on field experience to standardized processes in the workshop. Technical solution

[0019] First aspect: A method for high-yield rice-wheat intercropping with double soaking, germination, and rapid sowing throughout the year. Core architecture: "365+6" time-parallel engineering This invention proposes a "365+6" time-parallel architecture, which, based on a natural year cycle of 365 days, adds 6 days of effective physiological activity time by superimposing the time of seed pretreatment for two seasons, thus achieving an effective production cycle of 371 days per year. The specific structure is as follows: The rice season contributes 3 days of parallel time: In the later stage of wheat maturity, the soaking and water control of rice seeds are started 3 days in advance, so that the physiological activities of the seeds can run in parallel with the growth of wheat in the field, without taking up idle time.

[0020] The wheat season contributes 3 days of parallel time: in the later stage of rice maturity, the soaking and water control of wheat seeds are started 3 days in advance, so that the physiological activities of the seeds and the growth of rice in the field can run in parallel.

[0021] By operating in parallel with the above timeframes, the annual effective physiological activity days are increased by 21 days. Combined with the effects of earlier seedling emergence by 3 days and improved uniformity, the overall annual yield potential reaches over 20%.

[0022] Differentiated bi-seasonal technical parameters This invention establishes a differentiated seed soaking and germination parameter system based on the physiological differences between rice and wheat: Rice season technical parameters: soaking time 24 to 36 hours, soaking water temperature 25 to 30 degrees Celsius, physical activation method to complete the swelling; after soaking, enter the water-controlled dormancy stage, ambient temperature 20 to 25 degrees Celsius, water control time 3 to 6 days, target moisture content 26% to 32% wet base, sprout length controlled within 0.5 cm.

[0023] Technical parameters for wheat season: Soaking time is 12 to 24 hours, soaking water temperature is 20 to 25 degrees Celsius, and physical activation is used to complete the swelling; after soaking, the seeds enter a water-controlled dormancy stage with an ambient temperature of 15 to 20 degrees Celsius, water control time of 2 to 4 days, target moisture content of 26% to 32% wet base, and sprout length controlled within 0.3 cm.

[0024] The aforementioned differentiated design is based on the following mechanisms: rice seeds have a thicker seed coat, requiring a longer soaking time and higher temperature; wheat seeds are highly cold-resistant, allowing for water control at lower temperatures, and the limited winter sowing window necessitates a shorter water control time. The moisture content range of 26% to 32% is wider than the 28% to 30% range in the comparative application, adapting to the different needs of both rice and wheat double-cropping.

[0025] Dynamic decision-making mechanism This invention establishes a dynamic decision-making mechanism based on temperature conditions to guide production operations: When the temperature is below 25 degrees Celsius, water should be withheld for 6 days for rice and 4 days for wheat, which is normal operation. When the temperature is between 25 and 28 degrees Celsius, water should be withheld for 4 days for rice and 3 days for wheat, and ventilation should be strengthened. When the temperature is between 28 and 32 degrees Celsius, water should be withheld for 3 days for rice and 2 days for wheat. The time should be shortened and protective agents should be sprayed. When the temperature is above 32 degrees Celsius, abandon water control and sow the seeds directly with dry seeds to avoid the seeds dying from heat.

[0026] Synergy between pre-sowing activation and precision sowing Seeds in water-controlled dormancy need to be activated before sowing. Activation should be done by watering to a moisture content of 35% within 2 hours before sowing, and sowing should be completed within 6 hours. Sowing should be done using a precision seeder with the speed set to 150 to 200 revolutions per minute, a sowing depth of 2 to 3 cm for rice and 3 to 5 cm for wheat, and a compaction pressure of 120 kg to ensure close contact between the seeds and the soil, enabling water absorption to begin within 0.5 days.

[0027] Intelligent decision support This invention is equipped with an intelligent decision-making system to assist in the entire process management. Farmers can obtain decision suggestions by inputting key parameters: how many days are left before harvest, the system automatically calculates the timing of starting seed soaking; the highest temperature in the next 3 days, the system outputs decision signals and countermeasures; the current moisture content of the seeds, the system predicts the progress of water control and pushes reminders to turn the seeds and risk warnings.

[0028] Emergence performance indicators Through the above treatment, the following seedling performance is expected to be achieved: radicle breakthrough rate of over 90% 0.5 days after sowing, seedling emergence rate of over 80% and uniformity variation coefficient of less than 8% 3 days after sowing, and strong seedling rate of over 95% 5 days after sowing.

[0029] The second aspect: supporting factory-made systems This invention includes a factory-based system for executing the method described in the first aspect, achieving standardized production. The correspondence between the modules of this system and the method steps is as follows: The oxygen-inducing germination module is used to realize the seed soaking and activation step, and includes an ozone-oxygen mixture generator, a micro-nano bubble generator, an intelligent seed soaking tank, and a circulating aeration system.

[0030] The ozone-oxygen generator produces a mixed gas with an ozone concentration of 0.5 to 1.0 mg / L and an oxygen purity of over 90%, achieving the dual functions of sterilization and disinfection as well as increasing dissolved oxygen.

[0031] The micro-nano bubble generator produces micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of less than 100 nanometers and a dissolved oxygen content of more than 25 mg / L. These bubbles carry oxygen and penetrate the seed coat, breaking seed dormancy. The gentle physical stimulation generated when the bubbles rupture can promote increased seed coat permeability.

[0032] The intelligent soaking tank has a volume of 5 to 10 cubic meters and a temperature control accuracy of ±0.5 degrees Celsius, precisely controlling the soaking water temperature.

[0033] The circulating aeration system has an air-to-water ratio of 1:5, circulates 2 to 3 times per hour, provides even oxygen supply, and prevents localized oxygen deficiency from causing seeds to float to the surface.

[0034] The physiological effects of oxygenation treatment include: a 40% increase in seed respiration intensity, an increase in germination index from 120 to over 150, a 0.5 to 1 day reduction in emergence time, and a 30% to 50% increase in α-amylase activity.

[0035] The intelligent water control and hibernation module is used to realize differentiated water control and hibernation steps, including a constant temperature and humidity control system, a three-dimensional drying rack, an infrared online moisture monitoring system, and a ventilation system.

[0036] The constant temperature and humidity control system has an adjustable temperature of 15 to 25 degrees Celsius and a controllable humidity of 60% to 70%, precisely matching the different needs of rice and wheat.

[0037] The three-dimensional drying rack adopts a multi-layer three-dimensional structure, with each layer less than 5 cm thick. It is equipped with an automatic flipping mechanism and the flipping frequency can be programmed. The space utilization rate is 3 to 5 times higher than that of traditional methods.

[0038] The infrared online moisture monitoring device has an accuracy of ±0.5%, displays the seed moisture content in real time, and replaces the traditional handheld rapid tester. The data is automatically recorded and uploaded.

[0039] The ventilation system has an airflow speed of 0.5 to 1.0 meters per second, controls the carbon dioxide concentration to below 1000 ppm, prevents seeds from self-heating, and reduces the risk of mold.

[0040] The digital management module is used to implement intelligent decision support steps, including a production execution system, an artificial intelligence prediction model, an intelligent decision assistant, and a blockchain evidence storage system.

[0041] The production execution system enables batch management and full traceability, allowing users to check the soaking time, water control parameters, and quality inspection report for each bag of seeds.

[0042] The AI ​​prediction model, based on historical temperature and humidity data and seed batch characteristics, predicts the optimal activation time with a recommendation accuracy of ±2 hours, thereby improving seedling uniformity by 5%.

[0043] The intelligent decision-making assistant automatically outputs the timing of seed soaking, water control progress, and risk warnings by inputting three core questions: harvest countdown, future temperature, and current moisture content.

[0044] The blockchain-based evidence storage system stores key data such as soaking time, water control records, sowing time, and seedling monitoring on the blockchain, generating an unalterable traceability QR code to provide reliable data support for the "365+6" quality certification.

[0045] Third aspect: Functional seed products This invention provides a functional seed product for water-controlled dormancy in rice and wheat, which has the following characteristics: Specific physiological state: moisture content of 26% to 32% on a wet basis, in a critical state between dormancy and revival, with shoot length less than 0.5 cm for rice and less than 0.3 cm for wheat.

[0046] Emergence performance: Under standard soil conditions, the seedling initiation rate is over 90% 0.5 days after sowing, the uniformity variation coefficient of seedling emergence is less than 8% 3 days after sowing, and the robust seedling rate is over 95% 5 days after sowing.

[0047] Time stamps: The soaking, water control, and activation timestamps embedded in blockchain evidence enable full traceability.

[0048] This product can be obtained by processing using the method described in the first aspect and the system described in the second aspect of this invention.

[0049] This system is complementary to the prior art application in that it is coordinated with the following: This application and the prior art application, "An Innovative Integrated Method for Treating Stress-Resistant Seeds of Late-Sown Wheat in Coastal Saline-Alkali Land and a Functional Seed Product," constitute a complementary patent portfolio under the same technical concept, and their specific coordination relationship is as follows: Regional complementarity: Compared with the application which targets the special adverse conditions of coastal saline-alkali land (salt content of topsoil of 0.2% to 0.5%), this application targets the standard farmland of the double-cropping rice and wheat area in the Jianghuai region, covering different application scenarios.

[0050] Complementary Functions: Compared with the application which focuses on salt resistance functionality and constructs a stress-resistant barrier through chemical, physical and physiological triple coating; this application focuses on time efficiency and year-round synergy, and improves production efficiency through physical activation and industrialized systems.

[0051] Complementary parameters: Compared with the application, the moisture content range is 28% to 30% and the temperature control is 8 to 12 degrees Celsius, which belongs to precise narrow-range low-temperature preservation; the moisture content range of this application is 26% to 32% and the temperature control is 15 to 25 degrees Celsius (rice) or 6 to 20 degrees Celsius, which belongs to a wide range of designs that are adapted to the differences between rice and wheat.

[0052] System complementarity: Compared with the application which focuses on compound seed dressing products, this application focuses on industrial facilities and digital platforms, forming a complementary product and system.

[0053] Complementary claims: Compared with the method protected by the comparative application, which adds a functional seed product, the method protected by this application is a factory-scale system that adds a functional seed product, thus forming a complementary protection hierarchy between the point-like product and the linear system.

[0054] The two applications together cover all application scenarios of the "water-controlled hibernation" technology. It is recommended that they be submitted on the same day for collaborative examination to build a complete patent protection system. Detailed Implementation

[0055] Example 1: Application of precision sowing during double-cropping rice season Location and conditions: Tiaobei area, Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province. Wheat is expected to be harvested in 3 days. The highest temperature in the next 3 days will be 25 to 28 degrees Celsius. The soil is loam. The previous wheat crop will have a stubble of 20 to 30 centimeters.

[0056] Soaking and physical activation steps: Nanjing 9108 rice seeds were selected, with a germination rate of 96% as tested. The seeds were placed in an intelligent soaking tank with an oxygen-enhancing germination system. The water temperature was set to 28 degrees Celsius. An ozone-oxygen generator was activated to maintain an ozone concentration of 0.8 mg / L, and a micro-nano bubble generator was activated to produce micro-nano bubbles with a diameter of 80-100 nanometers. The measured dissolved oxygen content was 28 mg / L. After 24 hours of soaking, random sampling showed that the seed moisture content reached 43%, and the radicle had not yet broken through, indicating the soaking process was complete.

[0057] Differentiated water control dormancy steps: The soaked seeds were transferred to an intelligent water-controlled dormancy workshop. Based on an air temperature of 25-28 degrees Celsius, a water control target of 4 days was set. The constant temperature and humidity system was activated to maintain an ambient temperature of 22 degrees Celsius and humidity of 65%. The seeds were evenly spread on a three-dimensional drying rack, with each layer controlled to a thickness of 4-5 centimeters. An automatic turning mechanism was activated, turning the seeds every 4 hours. An infrared moisture monitoring device automatically recorded the moisture content every 2 hours and plotted a decline curve. On the 3rd day, the moisture content was measured to have dropped to 30%, and on the 4th day, it was measured to have dropped to 29.5%, with a sprout length of 0.4 centimeters, meeting the standard of sprouting and whitening, thus completing the water-controlled dormancy.

[0058] Time-parallel seeding steps: The day the water control was completed was also the wheat harvest day. Watering was initiated at 5:00 AM to activate the seed moisture content, raising it from 29.5% to 35%. At 9:00 AM, the Beidou navigation precision seeder was started, set to a speed of 180 revolutions per minute, a sowing depth of 2.5 cm, a row spacing of 25 cm, and a compaction pressure of 120 kg. Field work was completed by 3:00 PM, and sowing was completed within 6 hours of activation, meeting the time window requirements.

[0059] Effect verification: 0.5 days after sowing, three random sampling sites were examined, and the radicle breakthrough rate was 92%. 3 days after sowing, five 1-square-meter quadrats were selected for counting, with an average emergence rate of 83%. The coefficient of variation for seedling height was 7.5%. 5 days after sowing, leaf color and root system were observed, with a robust seedling rate of 96% and a leaf age of 3.2 leaves.

[0060] Time accounting: Parallel time is 3 days (started 3 days before wheat harvest and up to the day of wheat harvest) plus seedling emergence 3 days earlier (shortened from the traditional 7 days to 3 days), resulting in a net gain of 6 days, which conforms to the "365+6" architecture.

[0061] Example 2: Application of precision sowing during the double-cropping season for wheat Location and conditions: In the same area, the rice is expected to be harvested in 2 days. The highest temperature in the next 3 days will be 20 to 22 degrees Celsius. The paddy fields have been drained and dried. The soil moisture content is 25%.

[0062] Soaking and physical activation steps: Yangmai 39 wheat seeds were selected, and the germination rate was tested to be 91%. The seeds were placed in an oxygen-enhancing germination system with a water temperature set at 22 degrees Celsius and micro-nano bubble aeration for 18 hours. At the end of soaking, the moisture content was 40%, and the radicle had not yet broken through.

[0063] Differentiated water control dormancy steps: The plants were transferred to an intelligent water-controlled workshop, where a water control target of 2 days was set based on an air temperature of 20-22 degrees Celsius. The ambient temperature was 16 degrees Celsius and the humidity was 60%. Each layer of the drying racks was 4 centimeters thick and automatically turned every 4 hours. On the second day, the moisture content was measured at 28%, and the buds were 0.2 centimeters long, just beginning to sprout, indicating that water control was complete.

[0064] Time-parallel seeding steps: The day after water control is completed is the rice harvest day. Watering is activated in the early morning, and Beidou navigation is used for precision sowing in the morning, with a sowing depth set at 4 cm. The soil is then compacted to retain moisture.

[0065] Effect verification: Three days after sowing, the emergence rate was 86%, with a coefficient of variation of 6.8%. Before winter, the number of tillers per plant was 4.2, an increase of 1.5 compared to the control field, achieving strong seedlings before winter.

[0066] Example 3: Factory-style system with an annual processing capacity of 100 tons Facility configuration: Two sets of oxygen-enriched germination systems are installed, each with a 10-cubic-meter intelligent soaking tank and a daily seed processing capacity of 8 tons. The intelligent water-controlled dormancy workshop covers an area of ​​500 square meters and is equipped with a 20-ton capacity three-dimensional drying rack. Three cold chain delivery vehicles are available, with a temperature control range of 5 to 10 degrees Celsius, GPS positioning, and a 4-hour delivery radius covering 30,000 mu (approximately 2,000 hectares) of surrounding land.

[0067] Operation process: Upon arrival at the warehouse, seeds undergo batch coding and cleaning / grading. They are then soaked in an oxygen-enriched germination system for 24 to 36 hours, with all data connected to the Internet of Things and stored on the blockchain. Next, they are transferred to a smart water-controlled workshop where water is controlled for 2 to 6 days. An AI model predicts the optimal activation time based on temperature, humidity, and seed batch. After water control, the seeds are automatically metered and packaged in bags weighing 5 to 25 kilograms each, with a QR code traceability label attached. The seeds are then delivered to the fields via cold chain, where farmers scan the code to activate the seed, and sowing is completed within 6 hours.

[0068] Benefit Comparison Analysis: Regarding seed loss rate, traditional decentralized processing results in 8% to 10%, while factory-based systems reduce it to 3% to 5%, reducing loss by 5%. Based on a yield of 500 kg per mu and seed cost accounting for 10%, this translates to an increase in income of approximately 50 yuan per mu.

[0069] In terms of seedling uniformity, the coefficient of variation for traditional decentralized treatment is 15% to 20%, while that for factory-style systems it is reduced to 8% to 10%, resulting in a reduction of management costs of approximately 30 yuan per mu.

[0070] In terms of labor costs, traditional decentralized processing costs about 30 yuan per mu, while the factory system reduces it to 15 yuan per mu, saving 15 yuan per mu. After deducting equipment depreciation, which adds 10 yuan per mu, the overall cost savings and efficiency gains are 85 yuan per mu. Based on processing 100 tons of seeds annually and serving 20,000 mu, this translates to an annual increase in revenue of 1.7 million yuan.

[0071] Comparative Example 1: Verification of the impact of moisture content deviation Four groups of moisture content treatments were set up, with other parameters the same as in Example 1, to verify the key to moisture content control: The first group had a moisture content of 22%. After being stored for 4 days, the germination rate decreased by 35%, and the seedling emergence rate after sowing was 61%, indicating that excessive water loss led to metabolic damage.

[0072] The second group had a moisture content of 26%. After being stored for 4 days, the germination rate remained at 98%, and the seedling emergence rate after sowing was 89%, which is within the lower limit of the safety window, indicating that the effect is feasible.

[0073] The third group had a moisture content of 32%. After being stored for 4 days, the germination rate remained at 95%, and the seedling emergence rate after sowing was 85%, which is at the upper limit of the safe window, indicating that the effect is feasible.

[0074] The fourth group had a moisture content of 38%, a mold rate of 40% during storage, and a germination rate of 52% after sowing, indicating that excessive moisture led to oxygen deficiency and mold growth.

[0075] Conclusion: 26% to 32% is the safe moisture content window for rice and wheat in this invention, which is a differentiated coverage compared with the 28% to 30% of the comparative application, ensuring both technical effectiveness and adapting to the needs of different crops.

[0076] Comparative Example 2: Verification of Physical Activation Methods Three sets of comparisons were set up to verify the differences in the technical effects of physical activation methods: Control group soaked in water: germination index 120, emergence time 4.5 days, and coefficient of variation of emergence uniformity 12%.

[0077] Ordinary aeration treatment group: germination index 135, emergence time 4.0 days, and coefficient of variation of emergence uniformity 10%.

[0078] Micro-nano bubble aeration treatment group (this invention): germination index 152, emergence time 3.2 days, and emergence uniformity variation coefficient 7.8%.

[0079] Micro-nano bubble aeration treatment increases the germination index by 27% compared to water soaking and by 13% compared to ordinary aeration, shortens the emergence time by 1.3 days, and improves uniformity by 34%. This is the key innovation of this invention that distinguishes it from existing technologies.

[0080] Comparison Example 3: Traditional Mode Without Time Parallelism Traditional serial planting mode: 7 days of idle time after wheat harvest for land preparation and sowing, 7 days of idle time after rice harvest for land preparation and sowing, 350 days of effective physiological activity per year, 7 to 10 days of seedling emergence delay, uniformity variation coefficient of 25%.

[0081] The parallel mode of this invention: rice seed soaking and water control are started 3 days before wheat harvest, and wheat seed soaking and water control are started 3 days before rice harvest. The effective physiological activity days throughout the year are 371 days, seedling emergence is synchronized for 3 days, and the uniformity variation coefficient is 8%.

[0082] It improves time efficiency, increases seedling uniformity by 3 times, and has an annual comprehensive yield increase potential of over 20%.

[0083] Comparative Example 4: Overall comparison with the technology in Zhu Xinkai's paper The late-sown wheat seed soaking and germination technology proposed by Zhu Xinkai et al. in 2020 is considered the closest to existing technology, and a comprehensive comparative analysis is conducted: Regarding the soaking method, Zhu Xinkai's technology uses water soaking, while the technology of this invention uses a physical activation method, specifically micro-nano bubble aeration. The difference in technical effect is reflected in a 27% increase in the germination index, which is derived from the actual measurement results of Comparative Example 2.

[0084] Regarding post-germination treatment, Zhu Xinkai's technology uses a suitable temperature for germination and sowing immediately upon sprouting, with a sowing window of only 3 days; the technology of this invention uses differentiated water control and dormancy, extending the sowing window from 3 days to 2 to 6 days, significantly improving the tolerance for agricultural timing errors.

[0085] In terms of time coordination, Zhu Xinkai's technology is designed independently for a single season and has no annual coordination mechanism; the technology of this invention adopts a "365+6" parallel architecture for rice and wheat double seasons, which adds 21 days of effective physiological activity days throughout the year.

[0086] In terms of supporting facilities, Zhu Xinkai's technology lacks a supporting system and relies entirely on farmers' experience; the technology of this invention is equipped with a factory system and an intelligent decision-making platform, enabling standardization and large-scale promotion.

[0087] Regarding germination time, Zhu Xinkai's technology takes 5 to 7 days, while the technology of this invention shortens it to 3 days, a reduction of 2 to 4 days.

[0088] Regarding the coefficient of variation in uniformity, Zhu Xinkai's technology has a coefficient of 15%, while the present invention's technology reduces it to 8%, representing an improvement of 47%.

[0089] Regarding the seedling vigor rate, Zhu Xinkai's technology achieves 85%, while this invention's technology increases it to 95%, a 10 percentage point improvement.

[0090] The above data are derived from the actual measurement results of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 of this invention, wherein the relevant indicators of Zhu Xinkai's technology are derived from the conventional germination data disclosed in his paper.

[0091] In summary, this invention significantly surpasses the closest existing technology in terms of seed soaking activation method, water control dormancy mechanism, time coordination architecture, supporting facilities, and seedling quality, demonstrating outstanding substantive features and significant progress.

Claims

1. A method for year-round high-yield rice-wheat intercropping with double soaking, germination, and rapid sowing, characterized in that: include: In the later stages of the previous crop's maturity, pre-treatment of rice and wheat seeds by soaking and controlling water was initiated to awaken seed physiological activity and promote parallel growth in the field. The seeds are soaked using a physical activation method, allowing them to quickly absorb water and begin to swell. By using differentiated water control and dormancy parameters, and dynamically adjusting them according to environmental conditions, rice seeds are kept at 15 to 25 degrees Celsius for 3 to 6 days until the sprout length is less than 0.5 cm, and wheat seeds are kept at 15 to 20 degrees Celsius for 2 to 4 days until the sprout length is less than 0.3 cm, so that they can reach the sowing state simultaneously on the day of harvest, with a target moisture content of 26% to 32% wet basis. Activate before sowing and complete precise sowing within 6 hours; Intelligent decision-making systems assist in the management of the entire process.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical activation method is micro-nano bubble aeration, with bubble diameter less than 100 nanometers, dissolved oxygen content greater than or equal to 25 mg / L, soaking water temperature of 25 to 30 degrees Celsius for rice and 20 to 25 degrees Celsius for wheat, and soaking time of 24 to 36 hours for rice and 12 to 24 hours for wheat.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment based on environmental conditions includes: when the temperature is below 25 degrees Celsius, rice water control for 6 days and wheat water control for 4 days; when the temperature is between 25 and 28 degrees Celsius, rice water control for 4 days and wheat water control for 3 days; when the temperature is between 28 and 32 degrees Celsius, rice water control for 3 days and wheat water control for 2 days; when the temperature is above 32 degrees Celsius, abandon water control and directly sow dry seeds.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differentiated water control dormancy parameters are obtained using an infrared online moisture monitoring device with an accuracy of ±0.5%, which automatically records and plots the moisture decline curve every 2 hours.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precision sowing uses a Beidou navigation seeder with a rotation speed of 150 to 200 revolutions per minute, a sowing depth of 2 to 3 centimeters for rice and 3 to 5 centimeters for wheat, and a compaction pressure of 120 kilograms.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent decision-making system adopts the "three-question decision-making" auxiliary method. By inputting the harvest countdown, future temperature, and current moisture, it automatically outputs the timing of seed soaking, water control progress, and risk warning. The optimal activation time prediction accuracy is ±2 hours.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Achieve a radicle breakthrough rate of over 90% within 0.5 days after sowing, a seedling emergence rate of over 80% within 3 days with a uniformity variation coefficient of less than 8%, and a robust seedling rate of over 95% within 5 days.

8. A complete industrialized system for year-round high-yield rice-wheat intercropping with double soaking, germination, and rapid sowing for performing the method of claim 1, characterized in that: include: The oxygen-inducing germination module includes an ozone-oxygen mixture generator, a micro-nano bubble generator, an intelligent seed soaking tank, and a circulating aeration system, used to implement the seed soaking activation step as described in claim 1. The intelligent water control and dormancy module includes a constant temperature and humidity control system, a three-dimensional drying rack, an infrared online moisture monitoring system, and a ventilation system, used to implement the differentiated water control and dormancy steps described in claim 1. The digital management module includes a production execution system, an artificial intelligence prediction model, and a blockchain evidence storage system, used to implement the intelligent decision-making assistance steps described in claim 1.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The micro-nano bubble generator produces bubbles with a diameter of less than 100 nanometers and a dissolved oxygen content of greater than or equal to 25 milligrams per liter.

10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The three-dimensional drying rack has a multi-layer structure, with each layer less than 5 cm thick. It is equipped with an automatic flipping mechanism and the flipping frequency can be programmed. The space utilization rate is 3 to 5 times higher than that of the traditional method.