Multi-row hole punching device with improved light path

Abstract

The invention discloses a torque configuration method for a driver of a multi-row-hole laser perforating device, the device comprises a drum-shaped wheel and a scanning unit driven by an independent driver, and the scanning unit is of a coaxial rotary body structure and comprises a hollow shaft, a forming optical assembly and a focusing optical assembly. The method comprises the steps that S1, a rotational inertia calculation formula is matched according to the structure of each component, a single component model is established, the total inertia is the sum of the components, and meanwhile the size, the material and the rotational inertia threshold value of each component are limited; s2, determining operating parameters such as the maximum rotating speed of 8000rpm and the like of the scanning unit; and S3, based on the model and the parameters, inertia torque is calculated according to the rigid body rotation law, and the rated torque of the driver is calculated by combining the friction torque, the transmission coefficient and the safety coefficient, so that the rated torque is smaller than or equal to 5.8 Nm, and the motor power is smaller than or equal to 5.5 KW. According to the method, accurate configuration of the torque of the driver is achieved, the method is suitable for low-torque and small-power drivers, the device installation adaptability is improved, and energy consumption and cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fine rod processing device, and also to the optical design and processing method of the perforation device, belonging to the field of laser processing equipment technology. Background Technology

[0002] Current laser drilling of thin rods generally employs a rolling mechanism to drive the thin rod to rotate 360°, which, in conjunction with a pulsed laser emitted from a fixed focusing head, completes uniform drilling on the circumference of the thin rod. However, in this processing method, the rigid contact and rotational action between the rolling mechanism and the thin rod inevitably cause surface damage and extrusion deformation, directly affecting the appearance quality and performance consistency of the finished product.

[0003] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned contact-based processing, a non-contact drum-wheel perforation solution has emerged in the industry. For example, CN1041165C discloses a perforation device and method for producing ventilated objects. This solution uses a rotating suction nozzle arranged around the circumference of the drum-wheel to attract and drive a double-length thin rod to spin. A laser rotating prism is placed inside the drum-wheel. The laser beam incident along the central axis is split and redirected by a beam splitter and a reflector, and then the reflection by the rotating prism completes the scanning perforation of the double-length thin rod's inner and outer sides. This technical solution has been industrialized and is compatible with high-speed cigarette making machines such as the GD121 and GD121P. However, significant technical shortcomings still exist in practical applications: Firstly, the drive load is large, power consumption and size exceed the standard, and equipment adaptability is extremely poor. The core rotating actuator of this solution is a metal rotating body with a distal diameter of 190mm. After integrating a rotating prism, lens mounting base, focusing mechanism, and dustproof and ashproof mechanism, the overall weight is about 6kg, with extremely large rotational inertia. Under normal operating conditions of scanning speed of 7500-8000rpm and acceleration time of 12s, it is calculated that the rated torque of its drive motor needs to reach 7.7Nm-8.8Nm. The actual matching drive motor has a maximum torque of 17Nm and a power of 7.3KW. The motor with high torque and high power will inevitably lead to a larger installation volume, and the equipment modification of conventional cigarette machines cannot provide sufficient installation space. At the same time, the high energy consumption also increases the operating cost of the equipment, which seriously limits the promotion and application of this technology.

[0004] Secondly, it cannot meet the requirements of multi-row hole processing technology and has poor scalability. In this solution, each beam can only pierce one side of a double-length thin rod, and a single thin rod can only form a single row of holes distributed in a circle on one side. It cannot be adapted to the current mainstream double-row hole and multi-row hole production processes in the industry. If multi-beam output is achieved by replacing the dual-focusing matrix lens, it will place extremely high precision requirements on the installation angle of the lens and the coaxiality of the incident beam, which is very easy to cause beam splitting deviation, greatly increasing the structural complexity, assembly difficulty and maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0005] To achieve multi-row hole processing on thin rods, our team previously filed patent CN202011221234, which disclosed an online multi-row hole drilling device for thin rods. This solution uses a beam splitting center unit that rotates with the central axis to split the beam. After being adjusted into a beam with an angle by a reflector group, the beam is then focused by a focusing lens to form multiple rows of holes on the surface of the thin rod. However, this solution still has unavoidable technical shortcomings: to achieve the transmission of two beams with an angle, the diameter of the matching hollow shaft needs to reach 95mm. The large-sized hollow shaft not only further increases the rotational inertia of the rotating parts and increases the demand for driving torque, but also results in extremely tight installation space inside the drum-shaped wheel. Dust generated during the drilling process is difficult to disperse effectively, which can easily cause contamination and damage to the optical lenses, affecting the long-term operational stability and drilling accuracy of the equipment.

[0006] In summary, existing thin rod laser perforation technology suffers from several problems, including product quality defects from contact processing, high torque and high power consumption issues from non-contact solutions, insufficient multi-row hole processing capability or high structural complexity, and space constraints and dust removal difficulties caused by large-size rotating components. The industry urgently needs to develop a laser perforation solution that combines low torque drive, compact optical path design, stable multi-row hole processing capability, and compatibility with the modification of existing mainstream models. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the following technical problems existing in the current thin rod perforation process: the method to obtain multiple rows of perforations and the disadvantages of large optical path volume and poor adaptability.

[0008] A method for configuring the driver torque of a multi-row laser perforation device, the multi-row laser perforation device including a drum-shaped wheel and a scanning unit driven by an independent driver, the scanning unit including a hollow shaft and scanning units mounted thereon, the method including the following steps: Step S1: Determine the rotational inertia calculation model based on the composition of the scanning unit.

[0009] The scanning unit is a coaxial rotating body structure that rotates around a central axis, including: a hollow shaft, which is a hollow cylindrical rotating body coaxial with the drum-shaped wheel, with an outer diameter of less than 80 mm and a wall thickness of more than 5 mm, and a length of less than 1550 mm, and is made of rigid material; The forming optical components and focusing optical components are arranged sequentially along the central axis of the scanning unit. The molded optical component is set inside or at the end of the hollow shaft. It is a lightweight rigid hollow cylindrical component with one or more optical lenses inside, and its mass inertia is less than or equal to a lightweight rigid hollow cylindrical component with a radial dimension of 76 mm, a wall thickness of 12 mm, and an axial length of 200 mm. The focusing optical component is a lightweight, rigid, hollow cylindrical component that is fixedly installed at the front end of a hollow shaft or at the front end of a molded optical component. It contains a beam splitter, a reflector, and two focusing lenses. Its axial length is less than 200 mm, its maximum radial diameter is 150 mm, its material is a lightweight, rigid material, and its mass inertia is less than or equal to a radial dimension of 150 mm, its wall thickness is 22 mm, and its axial length is 200 mm. Step S2: Determine the operating parameters of the scanning unit.

[0010] The maximum scanning speed of the scanning unit is 8000 rpm, the start-up acceleration time is 6 to 25 seconds, the friction torque is 10% to 25% of the inertial torque, the effective transmission coefficient of the transmission system is 0.85 to 0.95, and the safety margin of the device operation is 1.3 to 2.0 times. Step S3: Based on the rotational inertia calculation model of Step S1 and the operating parameters of Step S2, the inertial torque of the scanning unit during operation is calculated using the rigid body rotation law. Then, combined with the frictional torque, effective transmission coefficient, and safety margin, the rated torque of the driver that drives the scanning unit to rotate is calculated, so that the rated torque of the driver is less than or equal to 5.8 Nm, and the power of the driver motor is less than 5.5 KW.

[0011] A multi-row laser perforation device employing the method described above to configure an improved optical path includes: A drum-shaped wheel is provided with multiple rotating nozzles around its circumference. The rotating nozzles are configured to adsorb and transport thin rods of twice their length. Also includes: A hollow shaft is coaxially positioned at the center of the drum-shaped wheel. The hollow shaft is configured to drive the scanning unit to rotate and allow the incident light beam to be transmitted along its central hole. The scanning unit includes a forming optical component and a focusing optical component arranged sequentially along the central axis. The forming optical component is configured to receive the incident light beam and form two or more output light beams with angles. The focusing optical component is configured to converge the formed output light beams onto the surface of the thin rod. The first driver is configured to drive the drum-shaped wheel and the rotating suction nozzle to rotate; the second driver is configured to drive the hollow shaft and the scanning unit to rotate; the rated torque of the second driver is calculated and determined using the driver torque configuration method described above. The shaping optical component is disposed between the transmission path of the incident beam and the focusing optical component. The shaping optical component is configured to form the incident beam into at least two beams that are distributed at equal angles to the central axis or multiple beams that are fan-shaped and approximately equal in power. The beams are located in the first plane. The focusing optical assembly includes a beam splitter, a first focusing mirror disposed in the reflection optical path of the beam splitter, a reflecting mirror and a second focusing mirror disposed in the transmission optical path of the beam splitter, and the center lines of the reflection optical path and the transmission optical path form a second plane. The focusing optics can be configured using any one of the following three options: Configuration 1: The beam reflected by the beam splitter is focused on the first side surface of a double-length thin rod, forming multiple holes with an axial spacing of H; Configuration 2: The beam transmitted by the beam splitter is focused on the second side surface of the same double-length thin rod, forming multiple holes with an axial spacing of H; Configuration 3: The beam transmitted by the beam splitter is emitted in a direction 180° opposite to the reflected beam, and the first focusing lens and the second focusing lens have the same focal length.

[0012] Further preferably, the shaped optical component is a DOE diffractive beam splitter.

[0013] More preferably, the shaped optical component includes a beam-splitting component and a shaping component arranged sequentially along the central axis; The beam splitter is configured to split the incident beam into two beams that are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis, have approximately equal power, and are parallel to the central axis. The two beams are located in a first plane. The forming optical component includes a wedge-shaped lens group consisting of two wedge-shaped lenses symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis. Each wedge-shaped lens has a wedge angle α. The wedge-shaped lens group is configured to form two beams from the beam splitting component into beams that contract toward the central axis and are distributed at an angle of ±α with the central axis. The beams at angle α form two holes at a distance H at the focal plane after passing through a focusing lens with a focal length F.

[0014] More preferably, the beam splitter is selected from any of the following structures: Structure 1: DOE diffracting device, configured to split the incident beam into two parallel beams symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis; Structure 2: The combination of beam splitter-1 and the first reflecting mirror group is configured to split the incident beam into two beams parallel to the central axis; Structure 3: The combination of beam splitter-1 with the first reflecting mirror group, the first wedge mirror group and the second wedge mirror group is configured to reduce the distance between the two parallel beams from the beam splitter and the first reflecting mirror group before transmission, so as to further reduce the diameter of the hollow shaft and reduce the moment of inertia.

[0015] More preferably, the first driver drives the drum-shaped wheel and the rotating suction nozzle disposed inside it to rotate via an internal transmission pair; the second driver drives the hollow shaft to rotate via a scanning transmission pair, thereby causing the scanning unit to rotate around the central axis.

[0016] More preferably, the first plane and the second plane are configured to rotate around the central axis under the drive of the hollow shaft, and the first plane and the second plane are parallel to each other or the included angle between them is less than ±5°.

[0017] More preferably, in the beam splitter assembly, the distance L1 between the two beams satisfies L1 ≥ 3d / 1.414, where d is the diameter of the beam splitter or reflector d≥1.2D, and D is the spot diameter of the incident beam.

[0018] Further preferably, the distance L between the two beams after transformation by the wedge-shaped mirror group satisfies L ≥ 2D, where D is the spot diameter of the incident beam.

[0019] A further preferred embodiment of the device is configured such that a perforation area is defined between the rod input component and the output component of the drum-shaped wheel, the angle range of the perforation area being 120° to 275°, and within the perforation area, a double-length rod rotates at least one revolution under the drive of the rotating suction nozzle. When the drive shaft is located inside the drum-shaped wheel, the drive shaft is located outside the angle range of the perforation area.

[0020] More preferably, the distance H between the two axially distributed holes is 0.2 mm to 5 mm.

[0021] More preferably, the beam splitter is a beam splitter that is insensitive to the polarity of the incident beam.

[0022] More preferably, the first driver is an independently configured servo driver, or a drive gear or drive shaft configured to be used with the cigarette machine.

[0023] The benefits and advantages brought by technology: Compared to existing technologies, the beam splitter generates parallel beams, which reduces the volume diameter required for the transmission of two beams, simplifies the internal space and structure of the drum-shaped wheel, reduces the difficulty of design, manufacturing and implementation, and lowers costs. The optical shaping devices necessary for the multi-prism in the existing scheme have been removed, further simplifying the optical path transmission inside the drum. This reduces the difficulty of optical design on the one hand, and greatly reduces the cost of research and development, design, and manufacturing on the other. It realizes the function of multi-row hole drilling. Based on the original method of making one hole on each side of a double-length thin rod, it can perform multi-row hole drilling, which expands the application range and achieves higher precision requirements.

[0024] Reducing the diameter of the beam transmission component can decrease the component's rotational inertia, allowing for the use of a smaller servo motor with lower rated torque and power, and requiring less installation space compared to existing solutions. This significantly increases installation adaptability and substantially reduces camera procurement costs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1a A schematic diagram showing the focusing optical components converging on the same side and the drum-shaped wheel being a single, integrated structure. Figure 1b A schematic diagram of a focusing optical component that converges light from different directions, with the drum-shaped wheel being an integral structure. Figure 1c A schematic diagram of a focusing optical component that converges light from different directions and has a split-type drum-shaped wheel. Figure 2a A schematic diagram of a double-wedge-shaped molding assembly with the drive shaft located inside the drum. Figure 2b A schematic diagram of a double-wedge-shaped molding assembly with the drive shaft positioned on the outside of the drum. Figure 2c A schematic diagram of a double-wedge-shaped molding assembly with the drive shaft positioned on the outside of the drum. Figure 3a Optical path structure diagram of a DOE diffraction device; Figure 3b Optical path structure diagram of beam splitter and reflector; Figure 3c Optical path structure diagram of beam splitter, reflector and wedge mirror; Figure 4a A schematic diagram of the structure of a focusing component; Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of another structure for the focusing component; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the allowable angle between plane-1 and plane-2. Detailed Implementation

[0026] This invention relates to the field of laser perforation technology, and in particular to a method for configuring the driver torque of a multi-row laser perforation device, and an improved optical path multi-row laser perforation device configured using this method, which is particularly suitable for the online high-speed laser perforation process of filter rods and cigarettes in cigarette production.

[0027] Core formulas and parameter definitions: The core calculation formulas and parameter definitions used in this invention are as follows: Formula for calculating inertial torque (law of rigid body rotation):

[0028] In the formula: The inertial torque of the rotating scanning unit is expressed in N·m. The total moment of inertia of the scanning unit about its central axis of rotation is expressed in kg·m². The angular acceleration that initiates the acceleration process of the scanning unit, expressed in rad / s².

[0029] Formula for calculating the rated torque of a drive:

[0030] In the formula: The rated torque of the driver that drives the scanning unit to rotate, in N·m; This is the safety margin for the operation of the equipment; This is the ratio of frictional torque to inertial torque. This is the effective transmission coefficient of the transmission system.

[0031] Basic formula for calculating moment of inertia (for bodies of revolution):

[0032] I. Specific Implementation of the Driver Torque Configuration Method for Multi-Row Laser Perforation Device The driver torque configuration method of this embodiment is used for the rated torque design and selection of the driver for the independently driven scanning unit in a multi-row laser perforation device. The multi-row laser perforation device includes a drum-shaped wheel and a scanning unit driven by an independent driver. The scanning unit includes a hollow shaft and optical components mounted thereon. The method specifically includes the following steps: Step S1: Determine the rotational inertia calculation model based on the composition of the scanning unit. The scanning unit is a coaxial rotating structure revolving around a central axis. Its core components include a hollow shaft, a shaped optical assembly, and a focusing optical assembly. Based on the structural form of each component, and matching the aforementioned formula for calculating moment of inertia, a calculation model for the moment of inertia of each individual component is established. The total moment of inertia is the sum of the moments of inertia of all components. .

[0033] The parameter constraints and corresponding calculation models for each component are as follows: 1. Hollow Shaft: A coaxial hollow cylindrical rotating body, made of rigid materials (including but not limited to 45 steel, aluminum alloy, carbon fiber composite material). The hollow shaft is a hollow cylindrical rotating body coaxial with the drum wheel, with an outer diameter of less than 80mm and a wall thickness of more than 5mm, and a length of less than 1550mm, made of rigid materials. 2. Molded optical components are lightweight rigid hollow cylindrical components composed of one or more optical lenses, with a mass inertia less than or equal to a radial dimension of 76 mm, a wall thickness of 12 mm, and an axial length of 200 mm. 3. Focusing optical component, which is a hollow structure with a beam splitter, a reflector and two focusing lenses, fixedly set at the front end of a hollow shaft or at the front end of a molded optical component. Its axial length is less than 200mm, the maximum radial diameter is 150mm, the material is a lightweight rigid material (aluminum alloy, carbon fiber), and the mass inertia is less than or equal to a radial dimension of 150mm, the wall thickness is 22mm, and the axial length is 200mm. It has two implementation forms, but corresponds to the same computational model: Form 1: An overall hollow cylindrical structure, matching the formula for calculating the moment of inertia of a hollow cylinder.

[0034] Form 2: The central axis beam splitter area is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the focusing lens area is a radially hollow cylindrical structure. By removing redundant structures and making holes, similar values ​​are obtained as in Form 1, matching the formula for calculating the rotational inertia of a hollow cylinder.

[0035] Matching the formula for calculating the moment of inertia of a hollow cylinder; the built-in single optical lens is matched with the formula for calculating the moment of inertia of a solid cylinder / cubic prism respectively.

[0036] Step S2: Determine the operating parameters of the scanning unit. Based on the actual operating requirements of the equipment, the following operating parameters are determined: Maximum scanning speed of the scanning unit 8000rpm, startup acceleration time It lasts from 6 to 25 seconds; The ratio of frictional torque to inertial torque It ranges from 10% to 25%; Effective transmission coefficient of the transmission system The value ranges from 0.85 to 0.95. Safety margin of equipment operation It is 1.3 to 2.0 times.

[0037] Step S3: Calculate the rated torque of the drive based on the rotational inertia model and operating parameters. The calculations are performed in the following order: angular acceleration calculation → total moment of inertia calculation → inertial torque calculation → rated torque calculation. The final rated torque of the drive is then obtained, ensuring it is ≤5.8 Nm, corresponding to a drive motor power ≤5.5 KW. Calculate angular acceleration : First, convert the maximum scanning rotation speed to angular velocity: The unit is rad / s; Next, calculate the angular acceleration during the startup process: , in rad / s².

[0038] Calculate the total moment of inertia : According to the calculation model in step S1, the moments of inertia of the hollow shaft, the forming optical component, and the focusing optical component are calculated respectively, and the total moment of inertia of the scanning unit is obtained by summing them. .

[0039] Calculate inertial torque : Total moment of inertia With angular acceleration Substituting the rigid body rotation law formula, the inertial torque of the scanning unit is calculated. .

[0040] Calculate the rated torque of the drive : inertial torque Safety margin Friction torque ratio Effective transmission coefficient Substituting into the rated torque formula, the rated torque of the drive is calculated. .

[0041] Specific calculation example This example, combined with typical implementation parameters of the device, completes the torque calculation: Basic parameter settings: Operating parameters: Maximum scan speed =8000 Acceleration time =15 , =15%, =0.95, =1.8.

[0042] Determination of each component and the total moment of inertia: ① Hollow Shaft: Made of 45# steel, a hollow cylindrical rotating body with an outer diameter less than 80mm, a wall thickness greater than 5mm, and a length less than 1550mm. Mass =14.33 Moment of inertia I1 = (1 / 2) * 14.33 * (0.04) 2 +0.038 2 ≈20*10 -3 kg*M 2 ; ② Molded optical components: a hollow cylindrical structure consisting of multiple lenses and lens clamps, made of aluminum alloy, with an outer diameter of 76mm, a wall thickness of less than 12mm, a length of 200mm, and a weight of [missing information]. =1.3 , Moment of inertia I2 = (1 / 2) * 1.3 * (0.038)2 +0.026 2 ) ≈ 0.9 * 10 -3 kg*M 2 ; ③ Focusing optical components: made of aluminum alloy, with an outer diameter of 150mm, containing a beam splitter, a focusing lens, and a supporting structure; equivalent wall thickness less than 22mm, length 200mm, and weight... =4.78 , Moment of inertia I3 ≈ (1 / 2) * 4.78 * (0.075) 2 +0.053 2 ≈20*10 -3 kg*M 2 ; ③ Total moment of inertia: I 总 =I1+I2+I3≈41*10 -3 kg*M 2 .

[0043] Angular acceleration calculation: ; .

[0044] Inertial torque calculation: M=I*α=41*10 -3 *55.82≈2.3Nm; 5. Calculation of rated torque of the drive: =0.15, =0.95, =1.8 T=5.0Nm.

[0045] The corresponding drive motor power P (kW) = rated torque * speed (RPM) / 9550 is approximately 4kW, less than 5kW and far less than 7.3kW, fully meeting the design requirements of low torque and low power. Even under extreme operating conditions, the rated torque calculated by this method does not exceed 5.8Nm, enabling precise selection of the drive unit, avoiding excessive power redundancy, and greatly increasing the adaptability of the solution. Compared with the existing model's 8.8Nm, this represents a 43% reduction.

[0046] II. Specific Implementation of the Multi-Row Laser Perforation Device with Improved Optical Path The multi-row laser perforation device of this embodiment uses the above-described torque configuration method to configure the rated torque of the driver, as described in the appendix to the instruction manual. Figures 1a-3c A detailed description of the device structure is provided below: Overall structure of the device The device includes a drum-shaped wheel, a rotating suction nozzle, a double-length thin rod, a hollow shaft, a scanning unit, a first driver, a transmission assembly, a second driver, a scanning transmission pair, and a frame.

[0047] Drum-shaped wheel: Multiple rotating suction nozzles are evenly arranged around the circumference. The rotating suction nozzles are configured to adsorb and transport double-length thin rods (set along the axial direction of the drum-shaped wheel, divided into inner and outer sections, which can be cut into two single-length thin rods after drilling). The drum-shaped wheel can adopt an integral structure (see attached figures 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b) or a split structure (see attached figure 1c) to adapt to different installation requirements.

[0048] Hollow shaft: It is coaxially set at the center of the drum wheel, and one end is rotatably mounted on the frame through a bearing. The central through hole is the transmission channel of the incident beam. It is used to drive the scanning unit to rotate synchronously and to ensure the coaxiality of the incident beam transmission along the central axis. Its structural parameters are completely consistent with the constraints of the hollow shaft mentioned above.

[0049] Scanning Unit: A forming optical component and a focusing optical component are arranged sequentially along the central axis. The forming optical component is positioned between the incident beam transmission path and the focusing optical component. The focusing optical component is fixed to the front end of the hollow shaft / the front end of the forming optical component. The function of the forming optical component is to receive the incident beam and form two / more output beams with preset angles and approximately equal power. The function of the focusing optical component is to converge the formed output beams to a preset position on the surface of the thin rod, thereby achieving simultaneous processing of multiple rows of holes.

[0050] The first driver: drives the drum-shaped wheel and the rotating suction nozzle located inside it to rotate through the internal transmission pair, and can also drive the rotating suction nozzle outside the drum-shaped wheel to rotate synchronously through the transmission shaft connected to the external transmission pair; it can be in the form of an independently set servo driver, or an integrated structure of drive gear and drive shaft matched with the cigarette machine. The independent servo driver is adapted to the design of new equipment, and the drive structure matched with the cigarette machine is adapted to the transformation of existing production lines, reducing the integration difficulty.

[0051] The second driver: drives the hollow shaft to rotate through a dedicated scanning transmission pair, thereby driving the scanning unit to rotate synchronously around the central axis; its rated torque is calculated and determined entirely using the torque configuration method mentioned above, ensuring that the rated torque is ≤5.8Nm and the motor power is ≤5.5KW.

[0052] Drilling area configuration: A drilling working area with an angle range of 120°~275° is defined between the fine rod input component and the output component of the drum wheel; within this area, the double-length fine rod rotates at least one revolution under the drive of the rotary nozzle to ensure full coverage of the fine rod's circumferential surface for drilling; when the drive shaft is located inside the drum wheel (Figures 1a and 2a), the drive shaft is strictly located outside the angle range of the drilling working area to avoid interference with beam transmission and fine rod processing.

[0053] Specific embodiments of molded optical components Implementation Method 1: The shaped optical component is a DOE diffractive beam splitter. The corresponding instruction manual is attached. Figure 1a , 1b 1c, In this embodiment, the shaped optical component 51 is a monolithic DOE diffracting device, which is fixedly installed in the inner hole of the hollow shaft 4 and located between the incident beam incident end and the focusing optical component 52.

[0054] The DOE diffracting device is configured to transform an incident single parallel laser beam into at least two output beams, or multiple fan-shaped contractions with approximately equal power, distributed at equal angles to the central axis OO, and all output beams are located within the first plane S1. In this embodiment, the DOE diffracting device splits the incident beam into two fan-shaped contractions symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis OO, with a splitting ratio of 50:50 and angles ±α to the central axis OO, both beams being located within the first plane S1.

[0055] The focusing optical components include a beam splitter, a first focusing lens disposed in the reflection optical path of the beam splitter, and a reflecting mirror and a second focusing lens disposed in the transmission optical path of the beam splitter. The beam splitter is a beam splitter that is insensitive to the polarity of the incident beam, preferably with a beam splitting ratio of 50:50, to ensure that the drilling power on both sides of the thin rod is consistent and the hole shape is uniform.

[0056] The center lines of the reflected and transmitted light paths of the beam splitter form a second plane S2. The first plane S1 and the second plane S2 are parallel to each other, or the angle between them is less than ±5°, to ensure the coaxiality of the beam transmission and avoid the drilling accuracy deviation caused by the optical path offset.

[0057] The optical path in this embodiment is as follows: the incident laser beam is incident along the central axis of the hollow shaft, and after passing through the DOE diffractometer, it is split into two symmetrical beams that contract towards the central axis and are incident on the beam splitter of the focusing optical component; the beam splitter splits the incident beam, and the reflected beam is focused by the first focusing lens and projected onto the surface of the first side (inner section) of the double-length rod, forming multiple holes with an axial spacing of H; the transmitted beam is deflected by the reflecting mirror, focused by the second focusing lens, and projected onto the surface of the second side (outer section) of the same double-length rod, forming multiple holes with an axial spacing of H.

[0058] Optionally, the reflector can redirect the transmitted beam by 180°, causing the transmitted beam to be emitted in the opposite direction to the reflected beam (as shown in the attached image). Figure 1b , 1c As shown in the diagram, the first and second focusing lenses use the same focal length to ensure that the focused spot size on both sides is consistent and the perforation quality is uniform. The axial hole spacing H is 0.2mm to 5mm, which can be flexibly adjusted according to the air permeability process requirements of the filter rod and cigarette.

[0059] Implementation Method 2: The shaped optical component is a combination structure of a beam splitter component and a wedge-shaped lens group. The corresponding instruction manual is attached. Figure 2a , 2b 2c, In this embodiment, the forming optical component includes a beam splitting component and a forming component arranged sequentially along the central axis OO.

[0060] The beam splitter is configured to split the incident beam into two beams that are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis OO, have approximately equal power, and are parallel to the central axis OO. The two beams are located in the first plane S1. The forming component is a wedge-shaped mirror group consisting of two wedge-shaped mirrors symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis OO. Each wedge-shaped mirror has the same wedge angle α. The wedge-shaped mirror group is configured to form two parallel beams from the beam splitting component into beams that contract toward the central axis and are distributed at an angle of ±α with the central axis.

[0061] The beam splitter assembly is available in three structures to suit different design requirements: Monolithic DOE diffraction device (with) Figure 2c It directly splits the incident beam into two parallel beams symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis. It has a simple structure, high beam splitting accuracy, and low assembly difficulty. The combination of beam splitter-1 and the first reflecting mirror group (attached) Figure 3a The beam splitter-1 splits the incident beam into transmitted light and reflected light. After the two beams are turned by the first reflecting mirror group, they form two beams that are parallel to the central axis and symmetrically distributed. The beam spacing can be flexibly adjusted. The combination of beam splitter-1 with the first reflecting mirror group, the first wedge-shaped mirror group, and the second wedge-shaped mirror group (see appendix) Figure 3b , 3c The two parallel beams formed by the beam splitter-1 and the first reflecting mirror group are refracted by the two sets of wedge-shaped mirrors, reducing the beam spacing L1, further reducing the inner diameter requirement of the hollow shaft, reducing the moment of inertia, and achieving lower torque drive.

[0062] In this embodiment, the distance L1 between the two beams of the beam splitter component satisfies... Where d is the diameter of the beam splitter / reflector, and (D is the diameter of the incident beam spot), to avoid beam obstruction and crosstalk; the distance L between the two beams after transformation by the wedge-shaped mirror group satisfies This ensures that the focused light spots do not overlap and that the drilling accuracy meets the standards.

[0063] The optical path in this embodiment is as follows: the incident laser beam is incident along the central axis OO of the hollow shaft 4, and is split into two symmetrical parallel beams by the beam splitting component 511. Then, it is refracted by the wedge-shaped mirror group of the forming component to form a ±α angle beam that contracts towards the central axis and is incident on the focusing optical component. The subsequent beam splitting and focusing process is the same as in embodiment 1. Finally, multiple rows of circumferential through holes with an axial spacing of H are formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the double-length thin rod.

[0064] The working process of the device: Feeding and conveying stage: The double-length thin rod is conveyed to the feeding station of the drum wheel by the upstream forming component. The rotating suction nozzle uses negative pressure to adsorb and fix the double-length thin rod. Driven by the first driver, it rotates synchronously with the drum wheel and is conveyed to the punching area. Optical path preparation stage: The incident laser beam enters the forming optical component of the scanning unit through the central hole of the hollow shaft. After forming and beam splitting, it forms multiple parallel focused beams. At the same time, the second driver drives the hollow shaft and the scanning unit to rotate, so that the focused beam rotates synchronously with the scanning unit to form the beam basis for circumferential scanning and drilling. Online drilling stage: When the double-length thin rod enters the drilling area α with the rotation of the drum wheel, the rotating focused beam is projected onto the surface of the synchronously rotating thin rod, forming multiple rows of circumferential through holes with an axial spacing of H on the inner and outer surfaces of the thin rod; within the drilling area α, the thin rod rotates at least 1 revolution to ensure the integrity and uniformity of the circumferential drilling. Material feeding and unloading stage: The double-length thin rod that has been punched is rotated out of the punching area α by the drum wheel. The rotating suction nozzle releases the negative pressure and transports the thin rod to the downstream cutting and inspection process, completing the entire punching process.

[0065] Beneficial effects of the present invention Compressing the optical path dimension reduces rotational inertia at its source: By shaping the incident beam into a parallel or small-angle contracted beam through shaped optical components, the radial space required for beam transmission is significantly reduced. The inner diameter of the hollow shaft can be controlled within 64mm, which is more than 30% smaller than the diameter of existing technologies. This significantly reduces the rotational inertia of the scanning unit and lays the structural foundation for low-torque drive. At the same time, it simplifies the internal structure of the drum-shaped wheel, reduces the difficulty of design, processing and assembly, and compresses production costs.

[0066] Streamlining optical components and reducing overall lifecycle costs: The optical shaping devices that accompany the multi-prisms in the existing solution have been removed, reducing the number of optical components by more than 40%. This not only reduces the design difficulty of the optical system, but also significantly reduces the procurement, assembly and maintenance costs of high-precision optical components.

[0067] Expanding the range of process adaptability and enhancing product competitiveness: Based on the existing single-hole drilling of double-length thin rods, the process capability of multiple rows of holes on each side has been realized. The axial hole spacing H can be flexibly adjusted within the range of 0.2mm-5mm, meeting the high-precision drilling requirements of air permeability for filter rods and cigarettes of different specifications, and greatly expanding the application scenarios of the device.

[0068] Precise torque configuration enables low power consumption and high adaptability: Through standardized rotational inertia modeling and torque calculation formulas, precise selection of the rated torque of the driver is achieved, avoiding power redundancy in traditional designs. The rated torque of the driver can be controlled within 5.8Nm and the power within 5KW. Compared with existing technologies, the motor torque is reduced by more than 70%, the installation space is greatly reduced, and the equipment procurement cost and operating energy consumption are significantly reduced, while improving the adaptability of production line integration.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for configuring the driver torque of a multi-row laser perforation device, the multi-row laser perforation device comprising a drum-shaped wheel and a scanning unit driven by an independent driver, the scanning unit comprising a hollow shaft and optical components mounted on the hollow shaft, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step S1: Determine the rotational inertia calculation model of the scanning unit based on its structural composition. The scanning unit is a coaxial rotating body structure that rotates around its central axis, specifically including: The hollow shaft, coaxially arranged with the drum-shaped wheel, is a hollow cylindrical rotating body with an outer diameter of less than 80 mm and a wall thickness of more than 5 mm. Its axial length is less than 1550 mm, and it is made of high-strength rigid material. The forming optical components and focusing optical components are arranged sequentially along the central axis of the scanning unit, wherein: The molded optical component is built into the hollow shaft or at the end of the hollow shaft. It is a lightweight rigid hollow cylindrical component equipped with one or more optical lenses, and its moment of inertia is not greater than the moment of inertia of a rigid hollow cylindrical component with a radial outer dimension of 76 mm, a wall thickness of 12 mm, and an axial length of 200 mm. The focusing optical component is fixedly mounted on the front end of the hollow shaft or the front end of the molded optical component. It is a lightweight rigid hollow cylindrical component with a built-in beam splitter, a reflector and two focusing lenses. Its axial length is less than 200mm, its maximum radial diameter is 150mm, and its material is a lightweight, high-strength, rigid material. Its moment of inertia is not greater than the moment of inertia of a hollow cylindrical component with a radial dimension of 150mm, a wall thickness of 22mm and an axial length of 200mm. For each component, a corresponding formula for calculating the moment of inertia is matched with its structural form. A calculation model for the moment of inertia of a single component is established. The total moment of inertia of the scanning unit is the sum of the moments of inertia of each component. Step S2: Determine the operating parameters of the scanning unit, specifically including: the maximum scanning speed of the scanning unit is 8000 rpm, the start-up acceleration time is 6 to 25 seconds, the friction torque is 10% to 25% of the inertial torque, the effective transmission coefficient of the transmission system is 0.85 to 0.95, and the safety factor margin of the device operation is 1.3 to 2.0 times; Step S3: Based on the rotational inertia calculation model established in Step S1 and the operating parameters determined in Step S2, the inertial torque during the operation of the scanning unit is calculated using the rigid body rotation law. Then, combined with the frictional torque, effective transmission coefficient, and safety margin, the rated torque of the driver that drives the scanning unit to rotate is calculated, so that the rated torque of the driver is not greater than 5.8 Nm, and the power of the corresponding driver motor is not greater than 5.5 KW.

2. An improved optical path multi-row laser perforation device configured using the method of claim 1, comprising a drum-shaped wheel, wherein the drum-shaped wheel is provided with a plurality of rotating suction nozzles in the circumferential direction, the rotating suction nozzles being used to adsorb and transport a thin rod of twice its length, characterized in that, Also includes: A hollow shaft is coaxially disposed at the center of the drum-shaped wheel. The hollow shaft is used to drive the scanning unit to rotate and to allow the incident light beam to be transmitted along its central through hole. The scanning unit includes a shaping optical component and a focusing optical component arranged sequentially along the central axis. The shaping optical component is used to receive the incident light beam and shape it into two or more output light beams distributed at a preset angle. The focusing optical component is used to converge the shaped output light beams onto preset positions on the surface of the thin rod. The first driver is used to drive the drum-shaped wheel and the rotating nozzle to rotate synchronously. The second driver is used to drive the hollow shaft and the scanning unit to rotate synchronously; the rated torque of the second driver is calculated and determined using the driver torque configuration method described in claim 1. The shaping optical component is arranged between the transmission path of the incident beam and the focusing optical component. The shaping optical component is used to shape the incident beam into at least two beams that are distributed at equal angles with the central axis, or multiple beams that are fan-shaped and have approximately equal power. The beams are located in the same first plane. The focusing optical component includes a beam splitter, a first focusing mirror disposed in the reflection optical path of the beam splitter, and a reflecting mirror and a second focusing mirror disposed in the transmission optical path of the beam splitter. The center line of the reflection optical path and the center line of the transmission optical path form a second plane. The focusing optical component adopts any one of the following three configurations: Configuration 1: The beam reflected by the beam splitter is focused by the first focusing lens onto the first side surface of the double-length thin rod, forming multiple holes with an axial spacing of H; Configuration 2: The beam transmitted by the beam splitter is reflected by the mirror and then focused by the second focusing mirror onto the second side surface of the same double-length thin rod, forming multiple holes with an axial spacing of H; Configuration 3: The beam transmitted by the beam splitter is emitted in a direction 180° opposite to the reflected beam, and the first focusing lens and the second focusing lens have the same focal length.

3. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molded optical component is a DOE diffraction spectrometer.

4. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shaped optical component includes a beam-splitting component and a shaping component arranged sequentially along the central axis; The beam splitter is used to split the incident beam into two beams symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis, with approximately equal power and parallel to the central axis, and the two beams are located in a first plane; The forming component includes a wedge mirror group consisting of two wedge mirrors symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis. Each wedge mirror has a preset wedge angle α. The wedge mirror group is used to convert two parallel beams from the beam splitting component into beams that contract toward the central axis and are distributed at an angle of ±α with the central axis. After the beams at the ±α angle are focused by a focusing lens with a focal length of F, two holes with a spacing of H are formed at the focal plane.

5. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The beam splitter is selected from any of the following structures: Structure 1: DOE diffraction device, used to split an incident beam into two parallel beams symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis; Structure 2: The combination of beam splitter I and the first reflecting mirror group is used to split the incident beam into two beams parallel to the central axis; Structure 3: A combination of beam splitter I, first reflecting mirror group, first wedge mirror group and second wedge mirror group, used to reduce the distance between the two parallel beams from beam splitter I and first reflecting mirror group before transmission.

6. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first driver drives the drum-shaped wheel and the rotating suction nozzle located inside it to rotate via a built-in transmission pair; the second driver drives the hollow shaft to rotate via a dedicated scanning transmission pair, thereby driving the scanning unit to rotate synchronously around the central axis.

7. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first plane and the second plane are configured to rotate synchronously around the central axis under the drive of the hollow shaft, and the first plane and the second plane are parallel to each other or the angle between them does not exceed ±5°.

8. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the beam splitting assembly, the distance L1 between the two beams satisfies L1≥3d / 1.414, where d is the effective lens diameter of the beam splitter or reflector, and d≥1.2D, and D is the actual spot diameter of the incident beam.

9. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The distance L between the two beams after transformation by the wedge mirror group satisfies L≥2D, where D is the actual spot diameter of the incident beam.

10. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The device is configured such that: a drilling working area is defined between the thin rod input component and the output component of the drum-shaped wheel, the angle range of the drilling working area is 120° to 275°, and within the drilling working area, a double-length thin rod rotates at least one revolution under the drive of the rotating suction nozzle; when the drive shaft is located inside the drum-shaped wheel, the drive shaft is arranged outside the angle range of the drilling working area.

11. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance H between the two axially distributed holes is 0.2 mm to 5 mm.

12. The multi-row laser perforation apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The beam splitter is a beam splitter that is insensitive to the polarization state of the incident beam.

13. The multi-row laser perforation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first driver is either an independently configured servo driver or an integrated structure of drive gears and drive shafts that are matched with the cigarette machine.

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