Full-size homogeneous welding method and device for large metal and composite material plates

Abstract

The invention relates to a full-size homogeneous welding method and device for a large metal and composite material plate. The technical problem that an existing metal plate and an existing composite plate can only be locally welded is solved. The method comprises the following steps that S1, one face of a metal plate is pretreated before welding, the pretreated face of the metal plate is placed upwards, a to-be-welded composite plate is placed on the metal plate, and preparation before welding is completed; and S2, the to-be-welded metal plate and the to-be-welded composite material plate are clamped through the electric rolling shaft and the heating rolling shaft, the metal plate is heated in a thermocompression welding mode so that the composite material plate can be melted and connected with the metal plate, the electric rolling shaft is driven to rotate, the metal plate and the composite material plate are driven to move at the constant speed, and continuous welding is achieved. The welding device has the advantages that the heating rolling shaft heats and melts the composite material plate through the metal plate, the electric rolling shaft drives the metal plate and the composite material plate to be conveyed and welded on the supporting piece, full-size homogeneous welding is carried out, and the welding efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of welding technology, specifically relating to a method and apparatus for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates. Background Technology

[0002] As modern engineering technology advances towards extreme lightweighting, high efficiency, and long lifespan, advanced composite materials, represented by carbon fiber reinforced composites, are becoming key materials in aerospace, new energy vehicles, and marine engineering due to their excellent physical and mechanical properties. Despite the superior performance of composite materials, they still have limitations in impact resistance, electrical and thermal conductivity, high-temperature resistance, and manufacturing costs. In contrast, metallic materials have excellent ductility, fracture toughness, and processing maturity. To fully utilize the advantages of both, "multi-material hybrid structures" have become the mainstream trend in current engineering design. Existing mechanical connection and adhesive bonding processes largely sacrifice or mask the excellent performance of composite materials: the drilling process for mechanical connections cuts the load-bearing fibers and causes severe stress concentration at the hole edges; fasteners also introduce additional weight, significantly reducing the "high specific strength" advantage of composite materials at the joints; and the adhesive layer is susceptible to aging due to temperature and humidity, making it difficult to match the original excellent fatigue resistance and long lifespan characteristics of composite materials.

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, people have conducted long-term explorations and proposed various solutions. For example, Chinese patent literature discloses a method and apparatus for laser welding of thermoplastic composite metal strips [202411090046.7]. The method includes preparing microstructures on the surface of a metal strip; laying the metal strip onto the composite material butt welding area; and performing heat conduction welding on the metal strip and composite material using a laser. During welding, two rollers press against the sides of the laser spot. The two rollers move with the laser spot. The front roller is used for laying and positioning the metal strip. The laser melts the surface of the composite material, and the rear roller applies pressure to the metal strip, causing the molten composite material to enter the microstructure on the surface of the metal strip and form a joint after cooling.

[0004] The above solution has solved the problem of welding effect between existing composite materials and metal materials to a certain extent. However, the solution still has many shortcomings. For example, due to the high concentration of laser energy, it can only achieve welding of small size requirements and cannot achieve global homogeneous welding under large size conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a welding apparatus to address the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1: Before welding, one side of the metal plate is pretreated, the pretreated side of the metal plate is placed facing upwards, and the composite material plate to be welded is placed on the metal plate to complete the pre-welding preparation.

[0008] Step S2: The electric roller and the heating roller clamp the metal plate and the composite material plate to be welded. The metal plate is heated by hot pressure welding to melt the composite material plate and form a connection with the metal plate. The electric roller is driven to rotate, which drives the metal plate and the composite material plate to move at a constant speed to achieve continuous welding.

[0009] In the above-described method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates, the metal plate pretreatment step in step S1 includes:

[0010] Step S1.1: Place the metal plate to be pretreated on the water-cooled plate and fix it in place;

[0011] Step S1.2: Set the laser etching parameters and start laser etching on one side of the metal plate;

[0012] Step S1.3: After etching is complete, wait for the metal plate to cool to room temperature before removing it.

[0013] In the above-mentioned method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates, the length and width dimensions of the water-cooled plate are not smaller than the length and width dimensions of the metal plate.

[0014] In the above-mentioned method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates, the metal plate is made of any one of stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, or high-temperature alloy; the composite material plate is a CFRP plate.

[0015] In the above-mentioned method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates, in step S1.2, a number of parallel grooves are etched on one side of the metal plate by laser.

[0016] In the above-mentioned method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates, step S2 specifically includes:

[0017] Step S2.1: The electric roller is driven by the cylinder to move towards the heating roller. The electric roller and the heating roller clamp the metal plate and composite material plate to be welded, and the cylinder maintains a certain pressure.

[0018] Step S2.2: The heating roller is heated to a higher temperature and transfers the heat to the metal plate;

[0019] Step S2.3: The metal plate is heated and melted into a composite material plate to form a connection;

[0020] Step S2.4: The electric roller rotates, thereby driving the welded metal plate and composite material plate to move, completing the subsequent welding.

[0021] In the above-mentioned method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates, the method further includes the following steps:

[0022] Step S3: Turn off the electric roller, heating roller, and cylinder. The metal plate and composite plate cool to room temperature. Welding is complete.

[0023] A welding apparatus includes a support for placing a metal plate and a composite material plate. The composite material plate is located above the metal plate. A heating roller is provided on the side of the metal plate away from the composite material plate, abutting against the metal plate. An electric roller corresponding vertically to the heating roller is movably provided on the side of the composite material plate away from the metal plate. The electric roller is connected to a lifting driver that can drive the electric roller to move towards the heating roller, thereby abutting against the side of the composite material plate. The support facilitates the support of the metal plate and the composite material plate, and facilitates the conveying and welding of the metal plate and the composite material plate on the support via the electric roller, improving welding efficiency. The heating roller can heat and melt the composite material plate with the aid of the metal plate, ensuring the welding effect between the composite material plate and the metal plate. The lifting driver facilitates the lifting and lowering of the electric roller, facilitating the placement of the composite material plate on the metal plate and ensuring the stability of the composite material plate on the metal plate, thus improving the welding effect.

[0024] In the aforementioned welding device, the heating roller and the electric roller are arranged parallel to each other, and the lengths of both the heating roller and the electric roller are greater than the widths of the metal plate and the composite material plate. The lifting driver is a cylinder located at the end of the electric roller away from the heating roller, which ensures the heating effect of the heating roller on the composite material plate through the metal plate, thus ensuring the welding effect. It also ensures the conveying effect of the electric roller on the metal plate and the composite material plate, thereby improving the welding efficiency. The lifting driver can apply pressure to the composite material plate, thereby improving the connection strength between the composite material plate and the metal plate and enhancing the welding effect.

[0025] In the aforementioned welding apparatus, the electric roller has a roller driver that can drive the electric roller to rotate circumferentially, thereby moving the metal plate and composite material plate horizontally. The roller driver can drive the electric roller to transport and weld the metal plate and composite material plate, thereby improving welding efficiency.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are:

[0027] 1. Heating rollers use metal plates to heat and melt composite material plates, improving the welding efficiency between metal plates and composite material plates;

[0028] 2. The electric roller can drive the metal plate and composite material plate to be conveyed and welded on the support, which facilitates full-size homogeneous welding of metal plate and composite material plate and further improves welding efficiency.

[0029] 3. The lifting drive facilitates the placement of composite material plates on metal plates and ensures the stability of the composite material plates on the metal plates, thereby improving the welding effect. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of section C in the middle;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composite material plate in this invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Metal plate; 2. Composite material plate; 3. Support component; 4. Heating roller; 5. Electric roller; 6. Lifting drive; 7. Water-cooled plate A; 8. Groove B. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates is described. This method includes the following steps:

[0036] Step S1: Before welding, pre-treat one side of the metal plate 1, place the pre-treated side of the metal plate 1 facing up, and place the composite material plate 2 to be welded on the metal plate 1 to complete the pre-welding preparation.

[0037] Step S2: The electric roller 5 and the heating roller 4 clamp the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2 to be welded. The metal plate 1 is heated by hot pressure welding to melt the composite material plate 2 and form a connection with the metal plate 1. The electric roller 5 is driven to rotate, which drives the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2 to move at a constant speed to achieve continuous welding.

[0038] Specifically, the pretreatment step of metal plate 1 in step S1 includes:

[0039] Step S1.1: Place the metal plate 1 to be pretreated on the water-cooled plate A and fix it in place;

[0040] Step S1.2: Set the laser etching parameters and start laser etching on one side of the metal plate 1;

[0041] Step S1.3: After etching is complete, wait for the metal plate 1 to cool to room temperature and then remove it.

[0042] The length and width of the water-cooled plate A shall not be less than the length and width of the metal plate 1.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the metal plate 1 is made of any one of stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, or high-temperature alloy; the composite material plate 2 is a CFRP plate.

[0044] Furthermore, in step S1.2, a plurality of parallel grooves B are etched on one side of the metal plate 1 using a laser.

[0045] Specifically, step S2 includes:

[0046] Step S2.1: The electric roller 5 is driven by the cylinder to move towards the heating roller 4. The electric roller 5 and the heating roller 4 clamp the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2 to be welded, and the cylinder maintains a certain pressure.

[0047] Step S2.2: The heating roller 4 is heated to increase its temperature and transfers the heat to the metal plate 1;

[0048] Step S2.3: The metal plate 1 heats the composite material plate 2 and melts it to form a connection;

[0049] Step S2.4: The electric roller 5 rotates, thereby driving the welded metal plate 1 and composite material plate 2 to move, completing the subsequent welding.

[0050] Combination Figure 3 As shown, this method also includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S3: Turn off the electric roller 5, the heating roller 4, and the cylinder. The metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2 cool to room temperature, and the welding is completed.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, a welding device includes a support member 3 for placing a metal plate 1 and a composite material plate 2. The composite material plate 2 is located on the upper side of the metal plate 1. A heating roller 4 is provided on the side of the metal plate 1 away from the composite material plate 2, abutting against the metal plate 1. An electric roller 5 is movably provided on the side of the composite material plate 2 away from the metal plate 1, corresponding vertically to the heating roller 4. The electric roller 5 is connected to a lifting driver 6 that can drive the electric roller 5 to move towards the heating roller 4, thereby causing the electric roller 5 to abut against the side of the composite material plate 2. The support member 3 facilitates the support of the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2, making it easier for the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2 to be transported and welded on the support member 3 via the electric roller 5, thus improving welding efficiency. The heating roller 4 can heat and melt the composite material plate 2 with the help of the metal plate 1, ensuring the welding effect between the composite material plate 2 and the metal plate 1. The lifting driver 6 can easily control the lifting and lowering of the electric roller 5, facilitating the placement of the composite material plate 2 on the metal plate 1 and ensuring the stability of the composite material plate 2 on the metal plate 1, thus improving the welding effect.

[0053] Specifically, the heating roller 4 and the electric roller 5 are arranged parallel to each other, and the lengths of both the heating roller 4 and the electric roller 5 are greater than the widths of the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2. The lifting driver 6 is a cylinder located at the end of the electric roller 5 away from the heating roller 4. It can ensure the heating effect of the heating roller 4 on the composite material plate 2 through the metal plate 1, ensuring the welding effect, and can also ensure the conveying effect of the electric roller 5 on the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2, improving the welding efficiency. The lifting driver 6 can apply pressure to the composite material plate 2, improving the connection strength between the composite material plate 2 and the metal plate 1, and improving the welding effect.

[0054] Among them, the electric roller 5 has a roller driver that can drive the electric roller 5 to rotate circumferentially, thereby moving the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2 horizontally. The roller driver can drive the electric roller 5 to carry the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2 for conveying and welding, thereby improving the welding efficiency.

[0055] The principle of this embodiment is as follows: by pre-treating the metal plate 1, the metal plate 1 is placed on the support member 3, and the electric roller 5 is driven to rise by the lifting driver 6 to place the composite material plate 2 on the pre-treated surface of the metal plate 1. The electric roller 5 applies a pressing force to the composite material plate 2 by lowering the lifting driver 6, so as to ensure the stacking stability of the composite material plate 2 on the metal plate 1. The heating roller 4 heats and melts the composite material plate 2 through the metal plate 1, so as to ensure the welding effect between the composite material plate 2 and the metal plate 1. The electric roller 5 drives the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2 to be transported and welded by the roller driver, which can realize full-size welding of the metal plate 1 and the composite material plate 2 and improve welding efficiency.

[0056] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0057] Although this document frequently uses terms such as metal plate 1, composite material plate 2, support member 3, heated roller 4, electric roller 5, lifting drive 6, water-cooled plate A, and groove B, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates, characterized in that, This method includes the following steps: Step S1: Before welding, one side of the metal plate (1) is pretreated. The pretreated side of the metal plate (1) is placed facing up, and the composite material plate (2) to be welded is placed on the metal plate (1) to complete the pre-welding preparation. Step S2: The electric roller (5) and the heating roller (4) clamp the metal plate (1) and the composite material plate (2) to be welded. The metal plate (1) is heated by hot pressure welding to melt the composite material plate (2) and form a connection with the metal plate (1). The electric roller (5) is driven to rotate, which drives the metal plate (1) and the composite material plate (2) to move at a constant speed to achieve continuous welding.

2. The method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal plate (1) pretreatment step in step S1 includes: Step S1.1: Place the metal plate (1) to be pretreated on the water-cooled plate and fix it; Step S1.2: Set the laser etching parameters and start laser etching on one side of the metal plate (1); Step S1.3: After etching is completed, wait for the metal plate (1) to cool to room temperature and then remove it.

3. A method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length and width dimensions of the water-cooled plate are not less than the length and width dimensions of the metal plate (1).

4. A method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metal plate (1) is made of any one of stainless steel, carbon steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, or high-temperature alloy; the composite material plate (2) is a CFRP plate.

5. A method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1.2, a number of parallel grooves are etched on one side of the metal plate (1) by laser.

6. A method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: Step S2.1: The electric roller (5) is driven by the cylinder to move toward the heating roller (4). The electric roller (5) and the heating roller (4) clamp the metal plate (1) and the composite material plate (2) to be welded, and the cylinder maintains a certain pressure. Step S2.2: Heating roller (4) heats up and transfers heat to metal plate (1); Step S2.3: The metal plate (1) heats the composite material plate (2) and melts it to form a connection; Step S2.4: The electric roller (5) rotates, thereby driving the welded metal plate (1) and composite material plate (2) to move and complete the subsequent welding.

7. A method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates according to claim 6, characterized in that, This method also includes the following steps: Step S3: Turn off the electric roller (5) and heating roller (4) and cylinder, and let the metal plate (1) and composite plate (2) cool to room temperature. Welding is complete.

8. A welding apparatus employing the method for full-size homogeneous welding of large metal and composite material plates as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The system includes a support (3) for placing a metal plate (1) and a composite material plate (2). The composite material plate (2) is located on the upper side of the metal plate (1). A heating roller (4) is provided on the side of the metal plate (1) away from the composite material plate (2) and abuts against the metal plate (1). An electric roller (5) is movably provided on the side of the composite material plate (2) away from the metal plate (1) and corresponds vertically to the heating roller (4). The electric roller (5) is connected to a lifting drive (6) that can drive the electric roller (5) to move toward the heating roller (4) so ​​that the electric roller (5) abuts against the side of the composite material plate (2).

9. A welding apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The heating roller (4) and the electric roller (5) are arranged in parallel to each other, and the lengths of the heating roller (4) and the electric roller (5) are both greater than the widths of the metal plate (1) and the composite material plate (2). The lifting driver (6) is a cylinder located at the end of the electric roller (5) away from the heating roller (4).

10. A welding apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electric roller (5) has a roller driver that can drive the electric roller (5) to rotate circumferentially, thereby moving the metal plate (1) and the composite material plate (2) horizontally.

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