Overwater solar photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The invention discloses an overwater solar photovoltaic power station, which comprises a plurality of photovoltaic buoy platforms which are arranged at intervals, and two rows of adjacent photovoltaic buoy platforms are movably connected with each other through buoy translation connection structures; each photovoltaic buoy platform comprises two rows of photovoltaic buoys which are fixedly connected with each other through a buoy fixing frame, two length-direction fixed supporting rods of the buoy fixing frame are fixedly mounted on the photovoltaic buoys in the corresponding rows respectively, and the two length-direction fixed supporting rods are fixedly connected with each other through a plurality of arc-shaped connecting rods of an arc-shaped structure; an arc-shaped support rod is movably supported on the arc-shaped connecting rod, photovoltaic assemblies are fixedly installed at the two ends of the arc-shaped support rod through a support front stand column and a support rear stand column respectively, and a posture keeping weight is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped support rod. And buoy steady-state liquid is filled in the buoy cavities of the buoy units forming the photovoltaic buoy. The photovoltaic power station not only can reduce the orientation shake of the photovoltaic module caused by wave swing, but also can enhance the stability of the buoy platform structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a floating solar photovoltaic support system for installing solar photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy, as an abundant, clean, and renewable new energy source, is of great significance for alleviating the energy crisis, protecting the ecological environment, and promoting sustainable economic development. Typically, solar photovoltaic power plants are built on land, occupying valuable land resources, thus greatly limiting their potential. Floating solar photovoltaic power plants, on the other hand, utilize aquatic environments such as oceans, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs for centralized construction, effectively resolving the conflict between traditional photovoltaic power plants and land resources, and have thus gained widespread attention and importance.

[0003] Floating photovoltaic (PV) platforms typically rely on pontoons for buoyancy, which also serve as walkways for the PV power station, facilitating inspection and maintenance. Existing floating PV systems often consist of multiple PV power station units. Each unit mainly comprises pontoons and connecting beams. The connecting beams are used to mount the PV supports, and the power station units with connecting beams and pontoons are connected by hinges or links. Due to the characteristics of the aquatic environment, especially the larger waves in seawater, the undulating waves not only adversely affect the power generation efficiency of the PV modules but also negatively impact the support safety and lifespan of the PV modules. Firstly, the lateral or longitudinal swaying caused by wave loads on the power station platform units, consisting of pontoons and connecting beams, causes the solar photovoltaic modules to sway, resulting in constantly changing orientations and preventing them from receiving solar radiation smoothly, severely impacting their power generation efficiency. Secondly, the swaying of the floating power station platform not only creates irregular impact forces on the platform beams and connecting components, leading to deformation and even fatigue of these components and directly affecting the platform's lifespan, but also, more seriously, adversely affects the support structure of the photovoltaic modules, reducing the safety, power generation efficiency, and lifespan of the photovoltaic system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a floating solar photovoltaic power station that can not only reduce the swaying of photovoltaic modules caused by wave swaying and effectively improve the power generation efficiency of the solar photovoltaic power station, but also enhance the stability of the floating platform structure and improve the safety and service life of the floating platform.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a floating solar photovoltaic power station, which includes several photovoltaic floating platforms arranged at intervals. Two adjacent rows of photovoltaic floating platforms are movably connected to each other through a floating platform translational connection structure. Each photovoltaic floating platform includes two rows of photovoltaic floating cylinders that are fixedly connected to each other through a floating cylinder fixing frame. Two longitudinal fixing supports of the floating cylinder fixing frame are respectively fixedly installed on the photovoltaic floating cylinders of the corresponding row. The two longitudinal fixing supports are fixedly connected to each other through several arc-shaped connecting rods. Arc-shaped support rods are movably supported on the arc-shaped connecting rods. Photovoltaic modules are fixedly installed at both ends of the arc-shaped support rods through a front support column and a rear support column, respectively. Attitude-maintaining weights are fixedly installed on the arc-shaped support rods.

[0006] With the above structure, the photovoltaic power station, comprising several photovoltaic floating platforms, constitutes a relatively large-scale centralized photovoltaic power station. This not only facilitates centralized construction and maintenance, reducing construction and management costs, but also allows for centralized operation and management, leveraging economies of scale to lower power generation costs. Adjacent photovoltaic floating platforms are interconnected to enhance their freedom of movement, adapting to the swaying and rocking caused by wave action and mitigating the adverse effects of waves. Furthermore, since the photovoltaic floating platform is composed of two spaced-apart photovoltaic floating pontoons fixedly connected, rather than a monolithic structure, this design better adapts to wave undulations, effectively mitigating the impact of wave fluctuations on the stability of the photovoltaic modules. This allows the modules to receive solar radiation smoothly, improving power generation efficiency and enhancing platform safety and lifespan. Furthermore, because the photovoltaic modules are fixedly installed on the arc-shaped support rods via the front and rear columns of the bracket, and the arc-shaped support rods are movably supported on the arc-shaped connecting rods, this structure allows the photovoltaic modules to move relative to the photovoltaic floating platform. When the photovoltaic floating platform sways with the waves, the photovoltaic modules can still maintain their orientation. In particular, the attitude-maintaining weights fixedly installed on the arc-shaped support rods lower the center of gravity of the entire solar module and its support frame, making the bottom heavy and the support surface stable. When the photovoltaic module and its support frame, the photovoltaic floating platform, sway and tilt, the attitude-maintaining weights generate a restoring torque to pull the photovoltaic module support back to upright, greatly reducing the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic module support, enhancing its wind and wave resistance, reducing the swaying of the photovoltaic support, and improving its stability.

[0007] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the photovoltaic float is composed of several float units fixedly connected in sequence; the cavity of each float unit is filled with float stabilizing fluid; a float baffle plate is provided inside the cavity of each float unit, and a baffle throttling pipe is fixedly installed through the baffle plate, the baffle throttling pipe being located adjacent to the bottom of the float unit. Filling the cavity of the float unit with float stabilizing fluid can create a low-frequency damping effect, increase the resistance to the swaying motion, reduce the swaying frequency and amplitude of the photovoltaic float platform, and improve the balance performance of the photovoltaic float platform; the use of a baffle throttling pipe installed on the float baffle plate can effectively increase the resistance to the swaying of the float platform and improve the damping effect.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a throttling adjustment plate is inserted into the throttling tube of the diaphragm, and the throttling adjustment plate is perpendicular to the throttling tube of the diaphragm. The throttling adjustment plate passes through the top of the float unit and extends to the outside of the top wall of the float unit. An adjustment component is provided between the top wall of the float unit and the throttling adjustment plate. The float units are fixedly connected in sequence to form a photovoltaic float platform array by float fixing fasteners. The adjustment component is an adjustment bolt. The throttling adjustment plate is parallel to the float diaphragm plate. Float spokes are also provided inside the diaphragm of the float unit, and the float spokes are arranged intersectingly with the float diaphragm plate. This structure adopts an adjustable throttling adjustment plate structure, which can adjust the flow area of ​​the throttling tube of the diaphragm, forming adjustable dynamic damping, optimizing low-frequency damping characteristics in real time, and adapting to the swing control requirements under complex water conditions.

[0009] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the pontoon translational connection structure includes at least two translational connecting rods of equal length, with both ends of each connecting rod hinged to opposite outer walls of two adjacent photovoltaic pontoon platforms. Both ends of each translational connecting rod are hinged to connecting rod seats via corresponding connecting rod pins, and the connecting rod seats are fixedly installed on the corresponding wall of the photovoltaic pontoon platform. The translational connecting rods and the walls of the photovoltaic pontoon platforms can form a parallelogram structure, thereby ensuring that adjacent photovoltaic pontoon platforms always maintain a translational state, thus improving the stability of the adjacent photovoltaic pontoon platforms.

[0010] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a support rod mounting groove is provided on the cylindrical body of the photovoltaic float, and the longitudinal fixed support rod is fixedly mounted in the support rod mounting groove; a plurality of rolling elements are rotatably supported on the arc-shaped connecting rod, and the arc-shaped support rod is oscillatingly supported on the arc-shaped connecting rod through the rolling elements. This structure allows the arc-shaped support rod to move flexibly between the arc-shaped support rod and the photovoltaic float platform, so as to effectively maintain the orientation of the photovoltaic module.

[0011] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the attitude-maintaining weight is fixedly installed at the lowest point of the arc-shaped support rod; or suspended below the lowest point of the arc-shaped support rod; the attitude-maintaining weight is a concrete block, iron block, or lead block. This lowers the center of gravity of the entire solar module and its support frame, thereby reducing the swaying of the photovoltaic support and stabilizing the orientation of the photovoltaic module.

[0012] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the upper ends of the front and rear columns of the support are fixedly installed with component support diagonal braces, and the photovoltaic modules are fixedly installed on the component support diagonal braces via component support crossbars. A plurality of photovoltaic modules are sequentially arranged along the longitudinal direction on the photovoltaic floating platform; each photovoltaic module corresponds to two component support diagonal braces, and each component support diagonal brace corresponds to one front column, one rear column, and one arc-shaped support rod. This facilitates the formation of a stable floating photovoltaic power station. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The floating solar photovoltaic power station of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 This is an end-face structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the floating solar photovoltaic power station of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view;

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the photovoltaic floating platform in the structure shown;

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 End face structure diagram of the mid-buoy fixing frame;

[0018] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Top view;

[0019] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The installation structure diagram of the photovoltaic module bracket according to the embodiment shown;

[0020] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A top view (removal of photovoltaic modules);

[0021] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Top view of the photovoltaic pontoon structure;

[0022] Figure 9 Figure 8 Unit structure diagram of the photovoltaic pontoon;

[0023] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Sectional view of section A-A;

[0024] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Sectional view of section B-B;

[0025] Figure 12 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the connection structure of the photovoltaic pontoon platform in the embodiment shown.

[0026] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 Enlarged structural diagram of the C-C cross section.

[0027] In the diagram, 1—photovoltaic pontoon platform, 2—pontoon fixing frame, 201—longitudinal fixed support rod, 202—arc-shaped connecting rod, 203—rolling element, 3—pontoon translational connection structure, 301—connecting rod seat, 302—connecting rod pin, 303—connecting rod rotating sleeve, 304—translational connecting rod, 305—pin nut, 4—photovoltaic module, 5—module bracket, 501—rear column of bracket, 502—arc-shaped bracket rod, 503—attitude maintaining weight, 504—front column of bracket, 505—module support diagonal rod, 506—module support crossbar, 6—pontoon fixing fastener, 7—photovoltaic pontoon, 8—pontoon unit, 801—support rod mounting groove, 802—fastener fixing hole, 803—adjusting component, 804—support rod connecting bolt, 805—cavity throttling pipe, 9—pontoon stabilizing liquid. Detailed Implementation

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The floating solar photovoltaic power station shown includes several photovoltaic floating platforms 1 that are parallel and spaced apart. Each photovoltaic floating platform 1 includes two photovoltaic floating cylinders 7 that are fixedly connected together in parallel and spaced apart. The two photovoltaic floating cylinders 7 are fixedly connected to each other by several floating cylinder fixing frames 2 that are perpendicular to the photovoltaic floating cylinders 7 to form a rigid floating structure.

[0029] Several pontoon translational connection structures 3 are movably connected between the photovoltaic pontoons 7 on the corresponding sides of two adjacent rows of photovoltaic pontoon platforms 1. That is, the two ends of the pontoon translational connection structure 3 are hinged to the two opposite photovoltaic pontoons 7, so that the adjacent photovoltaic pontoon platforms 1 can move and oscillate in opposite directions.

[0030] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the two photovoltaic pontoons 7 of the same photovoltaic pontoon platform 1 are composed of several pontoon units 8 connected end to end along the length. The two adjacent pontoon units 8 are fixedly connected together by pontoon fixing fasteners 6. The fixing fasteners 6 include fixing plates and fixing bolts. The two ends of the fixing plates are fixedly connected to the corresponding pontoon units 8 by fixing bolts.

[0031] The float mounting frame 2 includes two parallel longitudinal fixed support rods 201, which are respectively fixedly installed on two photovoltaic floats 7. The longitudinal fixed support rods 201 can not only fix the float mounting frame 2 on the corresponding photovoltaic floats 7, but also connect and fix the float units 8. Several arc-shaped connecting rods 202 are fixedly connected between the two longitudinal fixed support rods 201. The two ends of each arc-shaped connecting rod 202 are welded to the corresponding longitudinal fixed support rod 201. The arc-shaped connecting rods 202 and the fixed support rods 201 are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0032] The longitudinal fixed support rod 201 is made of steel square tubing, while the arc-shaped connecting rod 202 is made of channel steel bent into a semi-circular arc shape, with the opening of the channel steel facing upwards. Several rolling elements 203 are equidistantly supported on the arc-shaped connecting rod 202 along its circumferential arc. Each rolling element 203 includes a short tubular nylon sleeve, which is rotatably mounted on the arc-shaped connecting rod 202 via rolling element fixing pins.

[0033] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, photovoltaic modules 4 are fixedly installed on module brackets 5 via module support crossbars 506. Each photovoltaic module 4 has two module support crossbars 506 fixedly supported on its lower side. Each photovoltaic module 4 corresponds to one module bracket 5, which includes two spaced-apart arc-shaped support rods 502, supported on the rolling elements 203 of corresponding arc-shaped connecting rods 202. The arc-shaped support rods 502 are respectively fixedly connected to vertically arranged rear support column 501 and front support column 504. Inclined module support diagonal rods 505 are fixedly installed at the upper ends of the corresponding rear support column 501 and front support column 504. The two module support crossbars 506 are vertically and intersectingly fixedly installed on the two module support diagonal rods 505.

[0034] A posture-maintaining weight 503 is fixedly placed on the lowest end of the two arc-shaped support rods 502 of the component support 5. The posture-maintaining weight 503 can be a concrete block, or it can be a cast iron block or an aluminum block, etc. The posture-maintaining weight 503 can also be fixed and suspended from the lowest end of the arc-shaped support rods 502 by tie rods to obtain a lower center of gravity of the component support.

[0035] like Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, each row of photovoltaic pontoons 7 is composed of several pontoon units 8 connected sequentially by pontoon fixing fasteners 6. A support rod mounting groove 801 is provided on the inner side of the photovoltaic pontoon 7, and the corresponding longitudinal fixing support rod 201 is fixedly connected to the pontoon unit 8 and the photovoltaic pontoon 7 by support rod connecting bolts 804. A hinge seat for connecting the pontoon translational connection structure 3 is installed on the outer side of the photovoltaic pontoon 7. Two concave groove structure fastener fixing holes 802 are provided at both ends of the pontoon unit 8.

[0036] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the float unit 8 is a rectangular box structure. Two float baffle plates 807 and two float spokes 808 are perpendicularly arranged in the box cavity of the float unit 8. The float baffle plates 807 are arranged along the length of the float unit 8, while the float spokes 808 are arranged along the width of the float unit 8. The perpendicularly intersecting float baffle plates 807 and float spokes 808 divide the box cavity of the float unit 8 into nine smaller boxes. A baffle throttling pipe 805 is fixedly installed through the two float baffle plates 807 in three corresponding smaller boxes. The baffle throttling pipe 805 is a short circular pipe located near the bottom of the box cavity of the float unit.

[0037] The buoy unit 8 is filled with buoy stabilizing fluid 9, and the diaphragm throttling pipe 805 is immersed in the buoy stabilizing fluid 9. The buoy stabilizing fluid 9 is mainly water, and micro-diameter glass beads can be added to the water to enhance the damping effect.

[0038] Each diaphragm throttling pipe 805 has an insertion slot, into which a throttling regulating plate 806 is inserted. The throttling regulating plate 806 is parallel to one side of the float diaphragm plate 807. The lower end of the throttling regulating plate 806 is movably inserted into the insertion slot of the diaphragm throttling pipe 805, while the upper end of the throttling regulating plate 806 extends through the top of the float unit 8 to the upper side of the top wall, and this extended end is bent to one side. An adjusting assembly 803 is installed between this bent end and the outer wall of the top wall of the float unit 8. Adjusting this adjusting assembly 803 can raise or lower the throttling regulating plate 806, thereby controlling the flow rate and velocity of the float steady-state liquid 9 in the diaphragm cavity to achieve different damping effects. The adjusting assembly 803 adopts a nut and screw structure.

[0039] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the pontoon translational connection structure 3 includes three translational connecting rods 304 of equal length, and the translational connecting rods 304 and the vertical sidewalls of the pontoon units 8 at both ends form a parallelogram structure. The pontoon translational connection structure 3 can not only have three translational connecting rods 304 of equal length, but also have two, four or more.

[0040] The translational connecting rod 304 has connecting rod sleeves 303 fixedly connected to both ends. A connecting rod pin 302 is movably mounted in the sleeve of the connecting rod sleeve 303. The two ends of the connecting rod pin 302 are mounted on the two lug plates of the connecting rod seat 301, and the connecting rod sleeve 303 is located between the two lug plates. The connecting rod seat 301 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the float unit 8 at the corresponding end. The connecting rod pin 302 adopts a general bolt structure. The threaded end of the bolt is screwed with a pin nut 305, allowing the translational connecting rod 304 to swing around the connecting rod pin 302.

[0041] The above are some preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make improvements and substitutions to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments. Such substitutions and improvements that do not violate the spirit and principles of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating solar photovoltaic power station, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power station includes several photovoltaic floating platforms (1) arranged at intervals between each other, and two adjacent rows of photovoltaic floating platforms (1) are connected to each other through a floating platform translational connection structure (3). Each photovoltaic pontoon platform (1) includes two rows of photovoltaic pontoons (7) that are fixedly connected to each other by a pontoon fixing frame (2). The two longitudinal fixing rods (201) of the pontoon fixing frame (2) are respectively fixedly installed on the photovoltaic pontoons (7) of the corresponding row. The two longitudinal fixing rods (201) are fixedly connected to each other by a number of arc-shaped connecting rods (202) with an arc structure. An arc-shaped support rod (502) is movably supported on the arc-shaped connecting rod (202). Photovoltaic modules (4) are fixedly installed on both ends of the arc-shaped support rod (502) through the front column (504) and the rear column (501) of the support, respectively. An attitude-maintaining weight (503) is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped support rod (502).

2. The floating solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic pontoon (7) is formed by a number of pontoon units (8) connected in sequence; the pontoon unit (8) is filled with pontoon stabilizing liquid (9); a pontoon baffle plate (807) is provided in the pontoon unit (8), and a baffle throttling pipe (805) is fixedly installed through the pontoon baffle plate (807), which is located adjacent to the bottom of the pontoon unit (8).

3. The floating solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: A throttling adjustment plate (806) is inserted into the diaphragm throttling tube (805), and the throttling adjustment plate (806) is perpendicular to the diaphragm throttling tube (805); the throttling adjustment plate (806) passes through the top of the float unit (8) and extends to the outside of the top wall of the float unit (8), and an adjustment component (803) is provided between the top wall of the float unit (8) and the throttling adjustment plate (806).

4. The floating solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The float units (8) are fixedly connected to form a photovoltaic float (7) by the float fixing fasteners (6) arranged in sequence; the adjustment component (803) is an adjustment bolt; the throttling adjustment plate (806) is parallel to the float cavity plate (807); the float unit (8) is also provided with a float spoke plate (808) in the cylinder cavity, and the float spoke plate (808) and the float cavity plate (807) are arranged to cross each other.

5. The floating solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pontoon translational connection structure (3) includes at least two translational connecting rods (304) of equal length, with the two ends of the translational connecting rods (304) respectively hinged to the opposite outer walls of two adjacent photovoltaic pontoon platforms (1).

6. The floating solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two ends of the translational connecting rod (304) are respectively hinged to the connecting rod seat (301) through the corresponding connecting rod pin (302), and the connecting rod seat (301) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the corresponding photovoltaic floating platform (1).

7. The floating solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic pontoon (7) has a support rod mounting groove on its body, and the longitudinal fixed support rod (201) is fixedly mounted in the support rod mounting groove; the arc-shaped connecting rod (202) rotatably supports several rolling elements (203), and the arc-shaped support rod (502) is swayably supported on the arc-shaped connecting rod (202) through the rolling elements (203).

8. The floating solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The attitude-maintaining weight (503) is fixedly installed at the lowest point of the arc-shaped support rod (502); or suspended below the lowest point of the arc-shaped support rod (502); the attitude-maintaining weight (503) is a concrete block, an iron block, or a lead block.

9. The floating solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper ends of the front column (504) and the rear column (501) of the bracket are fixedly installed with component support diagonal braces (505), and the photovoltaic module (4) is fixedly installed on the component support diagonal braces (505) through the component support crossbar (506).

10. The floating solar photovoltaic power station according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The photovoltaic floating platform (1) is provided with a number of photovoltaic modules (4) arranged in sequence along its length; each photovoltaic module (4) has two component support diagonal rods (505), and each component support diagonal rod (505) corresponds to a front support column (504), a rear support column (501), and an arc-shaped support rod (502).

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