Device and method for measuring size of assembly type component

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of size measurement, in particular to a size measurement device and method for an assembly type component, and the device comprises a reference disc, a datum disc, a locking assembly, a flatness measurement mechanism and three groups of feeler levers, and the reference disc is provided with a gap; a plurality of laser range finders are arranged on the reference disc, are arranged in the radial direction, correspond to the notches and are all used for measuring the distances between the laser range finders and the assembly type components; the locking assembly is used for locking / unlocking the rotation of the reference disc and the datum disc; the three groups of feeler levers are arranged along the circumferential direction, each group comprises at least four feeler levers, and the feeler levers in the same group are arranged along the radial direction; the feeler lever is perpendicular to and penetrates through the reference disc, can elastically slide in the length direction of the feeler lever, and meanwhile can make contact with the assembly type component. And the flatness measuring mechanism is used for determining the flatness of the fabricated component according to different positions when the feeler levers in the same group are in contact with the fabricated component. Therefore, the measuring basis can be ensured, and the measuring efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dimensional measurement technology, and in particular to a dimensional measurement device and method for assembled components. Background Technology

[0002] As the core carrier of building industrialization, prefabricated components are building parts that are prefabricated in a factory environment according to unified standards. Through the collaborative mode of standardized production and on-site assembly, they have shown significant advantages in improving construction efficiency, ensuring the stability of project quality, and reducing environmental disturbance during construction. They have been widely used in diverse scenarios such as residential buildings, commercial complexes, and public infrastructure, becoming a key technical support for promoting the transformation of the construction industry from the traditional cast-in-place mode to the industrialized mode.

[0003] Dimensional accuracy is a core prerequisite for efficient assembly and structural safety of prefabricated components. Therefore, systematic dimensional measurement work must be carried out at three key stages: prefabricated component manufacturing, transportation to the site, and on-site installation. This measurement system is built around the "quantification of component geometric characteristic parameters," specifically covering three categories: linear dimensions, angular dimensions, and geometric tolerance dimensions. Among these, the flatness index within the geometric tolerance dimensions directly relates to the assembly fit and structural stress uniformity of prefabricated components, and is one of the key aspects of the measurement work.

[0004] When measuring the flatness of prefabricated components, especially plate-shaped structures with large plate areas, measurements are often taken directly on the ground at the construction site. However, uneven ground can cause prefabricated components to be placed neither horizontally nor vertically. Since laser testing instruments are often suspended above or to the side of the prefabricated components, inaccurate measurement results can easily occur due to the uneven placement of the components. Furthermore, laser testing instruments require measuring the entire surface of the prefabricated component, which is time-consuming and affects measurement efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device and method for measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components, addressing the problems of inaccurate measurement results and low measurement efficiency in the current process of measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions: A dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components includes a reference plate, a base plate, a locking assembly, a flatness measuring mechanism, and three sets of contact rods. The reference disk can both rotate around its own axis and move along its own axis; a notch is provided on the reference disk. The reference disk is spherically hinged to the reference disk; the reference disk is equipped with multiple laser rangefinders, which are arranged radially and correspond to the notches, and are all configured to measure the distance between assembled components; The locking assembly is configured to lock / unlock the rotation of the reference disk and the base disk; Three sets of contact rods are arranged circumferentially, each set including at least four contact rods, and the contact rods in the same set are arranged radially; the contact rods are vertical and penetrate the reference disk, and can slide elastically along their own length, while also being able to contact the assembled components; The flatness measuring mechanism is configured to determine the flatness of the prefabricated component based on the different positions of the same set of contact rods when they come into contact with the prefabricated component.

[0007] Furthermore, multiple support rods are vertically arranged on the inner surface of the reference disk, and these support rods are divided into three groups along the circumference, each corresponding to one of the three groups of contact rods. The flatness measuring mechanism includes three flatness measuring units, which are arranged circumferentially and correspond to the three groups of contact rods. Each flatness measuring unit includes a one-way measuring component, an adjusting frame, and two limiting frames. The adjusting frame and the two limiting frames are simultaneously elastically slidably fitted onto the same group of support rods. A ball bearing is movably inserted into the adjusting frame, and the ball bearing can contact the reference disk. The two limiting frames are arranged opposite each other. Each limiting frame has a limiting plate on its inner side, and the limiting plate is level with the reference disk. The system is configured to allow elastic sliding along a direction parallel to the axis of the reference disk; each contact rod is fixedly equipped with a mounting base located between two limiting plates; each mounting base contains a first stop and a second stop, the first stop being able to slide along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the reference disk and forming a stop engagement with the limiting frame; the second stop being able to slide along a direction parallel to the axis of the reference disk and forming a stop engagement with the limiting plate, and when the mounting base is inserted or removed, it can drive the first stop to insert into the mounting base; the measuring unidirectional component is configured to allow the two limiting plates to only move away from each other, and to measure the relative sliding distance of the two limiting plates.

[0008] Furthermore, the measuring unidirectional component includes a ratchet rack and an indicator bar arranged in parallel. The ratchet rack is vertically and fixedly mounted on one of the limiting plates. The indicator bar is detachably mounted on the other limiting plate and has a scale on it. The indicator bar has a locking protrusion that can slide elastically along a direction perpendicular to the extension of the indicator bar and can engage unidirectionally with the ratchet rack.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjusting frame is connected to the limiting frame via a first elastic element; the first elastic element is a first spring; each support rod is fitted with two first springs, one of which is connected between the adjusting frame and one of the limiting frames, and the other is connected between the adjusting frame and the other limiting frame.

[0010] Furthermore, a second elastic element connects the limiting frame and the limiting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the second elastic element is a second spring.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple second springs connecting the limit frame and the limit plate, with multiple second springs arranged side by side.

[0013] Furthermore, a third elastic element is connected between each contact rod and the reference disk; the third elastic element is a third spring, which is sleeved on the contact rod.

[0014] Furthermore, a ball seat is provided on the reference plate, and the ball seat is hollow inside; a ball sleeve is provided on the base plate, and the ball sleeve is fitted onto the ball seat; the locking assembly includes a fluid pump and multiple slips, the fluid pump is connected to the ball seat and is configured to input fluid into the ball seat; the multiple slips are circumferentially embedded in the ball sidewall of the ball seat, and under fluid pressure, they can slide outward in the radial direction and form friction lock with the sidewall of the ball sleeve.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components, which employs a device for measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components. The method for measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components includes the following steps: S1. Move the reference disk along its own axis until all the contact rods are in contact with the prefabricated components, and determine the flatness A11, A21 and A31 of the prefabricated components through the flatness measuring mechanism; S2. Adjust the reference plate to be parallel to the prefabricated component according to the flatness of the prefabricated component A11, A21 and A31. S3. Lock the rotation of the reference plate and the base plate by means of the locking component; S4. Divide the wall surface to be tested of the prefabricated components into multiple test areas; S5. Perform flatness measurements on multiple areas to be tested sequentially according to the following steps: S51. Move the reference disk to correspond to the area to be tested; S52, Move the reference disk along its own axis until all the contact rods are in contact with the prefabricated components, and determine the flatness A12, A22, and A32 of the prefabricated components through the flatness measuring mechanism; S53, drive the reference disk to rotate around its own axis, and determine the flatness of the prefabricated component A13……A1N, A23……A2N, A33……A3N through the flatness measuring mechanism; S54. When the flatness of the prefabricated component A12……A1N, A22……A2N, A32……A3N exceeds the preset range, the distance between the prefabricated component and the laser rangefinder shall be measured.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention relates to a dimensional measuring device and method for prefabricated components. The device comprises a reference plate, a base plate, a locking assembly, a flatness measuring mechanism, and three sets of contact rods, along with a notch and a corresponding laser rangefinder. During measurement, the reference plate is first moved along its own axis until all contact rods are in contact with the prefabricated component. The flatness of the prefabricated component is then determined by the flatness measuring mechanism. Based on this, the base plate and the surface of the prefabricated component are adjusted to be approximately parallel to ensure a measurement reference. The locking assembly then locks the rotation of the reference plate and the base plate. The wall surface of the prefabricated component to be measured is then divided into multiple measurement areas. For each measurement area, the reference plate is first moved along its own axis until all contact rods are in contact with the prefabricated component. The flatness of the prefabricated component is then determined by the flatness measuring mechanism. The reference plate is then rotated around its own axis, and the flatness of the prefabricated component is determined by the flatness measuring mechanism simultaneously. Only when the flatness of the prefabricated component exceeds a preset range is the flatness of the prefabricated component further measured by the laser rangefinder, thus improving measurement efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the dimensional measuring device for assembled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 An exploded view of the parts of the dimensional measuring device for assembled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 An exploded view of some parts of the dimensional measuring device for assembled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 An exploded view of some parts of the dimensional measuring device for assembled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 An exploded view of some parts of the dimensional measuring device for assembled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 6 An exploded view of some parts of the dimensional measuring device for assembled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 ; Figure 7 An exploded view of some parts of the dimensional measuring device for assembled components provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 ; Figure 8 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of the dimensional measuring device for assembled components without guide rails and slides provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 for Figure 8 Sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the dimensional measuring device for assembled components without guide rails and slides provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] in: 1. Reference plate; 101. Support part; 102. Ball seat; 1021. First slot; 1022. First slide; 103. Notch; 104. Support rod; 2. Reference plate; 201. Laser rangefinder; 202. Ball sleeve; 3. Locking assembly; 301. Fluid pump; 302. Locking slip; 3021. Slip-on mechanism; 4011, Measuring unidirectional assembly; 40111, Ratchet; 40112, Indicator bar; 401121, Insert rod; 40113, Snap-fit ​​protrusion; 40114, First compression spring; 4012, Adjusting bracket; 40121, Intermediate plate; 4013, Limiting bracket; 4014, Ball bearing; 4015, Limiting plate; 40151, Limiting block; 401511, Second slot; 401512, Third slot; 4016, Mounting base; 40161, Cavity; 4017, First stop; 40171, Guide rod; 4018, Second stop; 40181, Second slide groove; 4019, Threaded rod; 5. Contact rod; 501. Stop; 6. The third spring; 7. First spring; 8. The second spring; 901, guide rail; 902, slide table. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0022] In the current practice of measuring the flatness of prefabricated slab components on-site, the components are placed directly on the ground. However, natural undulations or settlements on the construction site can cause the components to lose their horizontal / vertical alignment. Laser testing instruments are typically suspended and fixed above or to the side of the components, resulting in a discrepancy between the measurement reference and the actual placement of the components. This difference in horizontal height or vertical distance is directly transmitted to the test data, causing deviations in the laser beam's judgment of the spatial position of the component's surface. Ultimately, this leads to distorted flatness test results that fail to accurately reflect the geometric characteristics of the prefabricated components.

[0023] Meanwhile, laser inspection instruments need to perform full-coverage measurements on the entire surface of the prefabricated component to obtain complete flatness data. This measurement process is limited by the instrument's motion trajectory control and data acquisition frequency. For large-sized plate-shaped prefabricated components, completing a full-surface inspection often takes a considerable amount of time. This time-consuming inspection mode not only prolongs the acceptance cycle of prefabricated components but may also conflict with the tight on-site construction schedule, indirectly affecting the overall assembly construction efficiency and creating a contradiction between quality inspection and construction progress.

[0024] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide a dimensional measuring device for assembled components, which is particularly suitable for measuring the flatness of plate-shaped assembled components. Of course, it is also suitable for measuring the flatness of other plate-shaped components.

[0025] Specifically, refer to Figures 1 to 10 The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components is configured to include a reference plate 1, a base plate 2, a locking assembly 3, a flatness measuring mechanism, and three sets of contact rods 5. The reference plate 1 can rotate around its own axis and move along its own axis. When the prefabricated component is placed horizontally, the reference plate 1 is set horizontally, and when the prefabricated component is placed vertically, the reference plate 1 is set vertically, which is convenient for serving as the basis for subsequent flatness measurement.

[0026] To facilitate the provision of driving force for the reference disk 1 to rotate around its own axis, the dimensional measuring device for the assembled component is configured to also include a driving component (such as a drive motor or hydraulic motor); taking the drive component as a drive motor as an example, the motor shaft of the drive motor is coaxial and fixedly connected to the reference disk 1, which facilitates driving the reference disk 1 to rotate around its own axis.

[0027] To facilitate the provision of driving force for the reference disk 1 to move along its own axis, the dimensional measuring device for the assembled component is configured to also include a drive cylinder. When the reference disk 1 is set horizontally, it needs to move in the vertical direction. The output shaft of the drive cylinder is set vertically and fixed on the reference disk 1 to facilitate the movement of the reference disk 1 in the vertical direction. When the reference disk 1 is set vertically, it needs to move in the horizontal direction. The output shaft of the drive cylinder is set horizontally and fixedly connected to the reference disk 1 to facilitate the movement of the reference disk 1 in the horizontal direction.

[0028] Understandably, the drive cylinder can be any of the following: hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, or electric cylinder.

[0029] Taking the horizontal setting of reference disk 1 as an example, reference disk 2 is located above reference disk 1, spaced apart from it, and can be coaxially arranged with reference disk 1. A support portion 101 is provided on the upper surface of reference disk 1. The support portion 101 is a two-stage concentric cylindrical structure, coaxially arranged with reference disk 1. A ball seat 102 is coaxially arranged at the top of the support portion 101, and the ball seat 102 is hollow inside. A ball sleeve 202 is concentrically arranged on reference disk 2, and the ball sleeve 202 fits onto the ball seat 102, forming a ball joint between reference disk 2 and reference disk 1. A notch 103 is provided on reference disk 1. Multiple laser rangefinders 201 are provided on the lower surface of reference disk 2. The multiple laser rangefinders 201 are arranged radially and correspond to the notch 103, and are all configured to measure the distance between assembled components.

[0030] The locking assembly 3 is configured to lock / unlock the rotation of the reference disk 1 and the base disk 2. Specifically, the locking assembly 3 includes a fluid pump 301 and multiple slips 302. The fluid pump 301 is located on the top of the ball seat 102 and communicates with the ball seat 102, and is configured to input fluid (such as air or hydraulic oil) into the ball seat 102. Multiple first slots 1021 are evenly provided circumferentially on the ball sidewall of the ball seat 102. Each first slot 1021 has a first sliding groove 1022 on its left and right sidewalls. The first sliding groove 1022 is perpendicular to the first slot 1021. The slips 302 are inserted into the first slots 1021 and embedded in the ball sidewall of the ball seat 102. The outer surface of the slips 302 is spherical to facilitate fitting the inner spherical wall of the ball sleeve 202. Each slip 302 has a sliding protrusion 3021 on its left and right sidewalls, which is slidably inserted into the first sliding groove 1022. When fluid is filled into the ball seat 102, under fluid pressure, the slip 302 can slide horizontally outward in the radial direction and form a friction lock with the side wall of the ball sleeve 202, thereby locking the rotation of the reference disk 1 and the base disk 2. When the base disk 2 rotates to be approximately parallel to the surface of the assembled component, the position of the base disk 2 can be locked by the locking assembly 3. At this time, the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder 201 is approximately perpendicular to the surface of the assembled component, ensuring the accuracy of the flatness measurement.

[0031] Three sets of contact rods 5 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the reference disk 1. Each set includes four contact rods 5, and the four contact rods 5 in the same set are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the reference disk 1. The contact rods 5 are vertical and penetrate the reference disk 1, with their top ends located between the reference disk 2 and the reference disk 1, and their bottom ends located below the reference disk 1. The contact rods 5 can also slide elastically along their own length. Specifically, a third elastic element is connected between each contact rod 5 and the reference disk 1. The third elastic element is a third spring 6, which is sleeved on the contact rod 5. Each contact rod 5 is provided with a stop 501, and the two ends of the third spring 6 are respectively located on the lower surface of the reference disk 1 and the stop 501. The contact rods 5 can contact the assembled components, facilitating the sensing of the unevenness of the surface of the assembled components.

[0032] The flatness measuring mechanism is configured to determine the flatness of the assembled component based on the different positions of the same set of contact rods 5 when they contact the assembled component. Specifically, multiple support rods 104 are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the reference disk 1. Four support rods 104 can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of each set of contact rods 5. These eight support rods 104 form a group, and the four support rods 104 on the same side are arranged parallel to the same set of contact rods 5. The flatness measuring mechanism includes three flatness measuring units, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the reference disk 1 and correspond to the three sets of contact rods 5 respectively. Each flatness measuring unit includes a one-way measuring component 4011 and an adjusting frame 4. 012 and two limiting frames 4013, the adjusting frame 4012 and the two limiting frames 4013 are simultaneously elastically slidably sleeved on the same set of support rods 104. The adjusting frame 4012 is a C-shaped plate structure with its opening facing the reference disk 1, and has two intermediate plates 40121. The two intermediate plates 40121 are slidably sleeved on the support rods 104 on both sides of the same set of contact rods 5. The limiting frames 4013 are plate structures, the two limiting frames 4013 are arranged opposite each other, and are symmetrical about the intermediate plates 40121.

[0033] Specifically, the adjusting frame 4012 is connected to the limiting frame 4013 via a first elastic element; the first elastic element is a first spring 7; two first springs 7 are sleeved on each support rod 104, one of which is connected between the adjusting frame 4012 and one of the limiting frames 4013, and the other is connected between the adjusting frame 4012 and the other limiting frame 4013. The two first springs 7 on the same support rod 104 are located on the upper and lower sides of the same intermediate plate 40121, respectively. Under the action of the two first springs 7 on the same support rod 104, the two limiting frames 4013 tend to move closer to each other, ensuring that the intermediate plate 40121 is always located in the middle position between the two limiting frames 4013.

[0034] The top of the adjusting frame 4012 is movably fitted with a ball bearing 4014. The ball bearing 4014 can contact the lower surface of the reference plate 2 and is connected to the adjusting frame 4012 through a second compression spring, so that it can slide elastically in the vertical direction. The adjusting frame 4012 is also fitted with a bolt, which is used to lock / unlock the position of the ball bearing 4014 to avoid movement interference.

[0035] Two limiting plates 4015 are provided between the two limiting frames 4013. The limiting plates 4015 are arranged parallel to the reference disk 1, and the two limiting plates 4015 are spaced apart. Both can slide elastically in a direction parallel to the axis of the reference disk 1. Specifically, a second elastic element, which is a second spring 8, is connected between the limiting frame 4013 and the limiting plate 4015. The second spring 8 is arranged perpendicular to the limiting plate 4015. Under the action of the second spring 8, the two limiting plates 4015 tend to move closer to each other. More specifically, the number of second springs 8 connected between the limiting frame 4013 and the limiting plate 4015 can be set to multiple. Multiple second springs 8 are arranged side by side along the radial direction of the reference disk 1 to ensure that the limiting plate 4015 and the limiting frame 4013 are subjected to uniform force. Each contact rod 5 is fixedly fitted with a mounting base 4016 at its top. The mounting base 4016 has a square structure and is located between two limiting plates 4015. Each mounting base 4016 has two cavities 40161 arranged circumferentially along the reference disk 1. The cavities 40161 have a horizontal T-shaped structure and each cavity 40161 has a horizontal section and a vertical section. The horizontal sections of the two cavities 40161 in the same mounting base 4016 are arranged opposite to each other. Each horizontal section of the cavity 40161 is fitted with a [missing information - likely a device or component]. The first stop 4017 can slide along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the reference disk 1 and can form a stop engagement with the limiting frame 4013; a second stop 4018 is inserted into the vertical section of each cavity 40161. The second stop 4018 is a C-shaped block structure. The openings of the two second stop 4018 are arranged opposite each other. The second stop 4018 can slide along a direction parallel to the axis of the reference disk 1, and its top and bottom can form a stop engagement with the two limiting plates 4015 respectively.

[0036] When the second stop 4018 is inserted into or removed from the mounting base 4016, it can drive the first stop 4017 to be inserted into the mounting base 4016. Specifically, the outer wall of the second stop 4018 is provided with a second sliding groove 40181, which has a vertical section and two inclined sections. The two inclined sections are symmetrically arranged about the vertical section and form a figure-eight structure, with the larger opening facing the other second stop 4018. Each first stop 4017 is provided with a guide rod 40171 on its inner wall, which is slidably inserted into the second sliding groove 40181. When the guide rod 40171 slides in the inclined section of the second sliding groove 40181 away from the vertical section, the first stop 4017 is inserted into the mounting base 4016. When the guide rod 40171 slides in the inclined section of the second sliding groove 40181 towards the vertical section, the first stop 4017 is removed from the mounting base 4016.

[0037] The measuring one-way component 4011 is configured to allow the two limiting plates 4015 to move away from each other only, and to measure the distance of relative sliding between the two limiting plates 4015. Specifically, the measuring one-way component 4011 includes a ratchet rack 40111 and an indicator bar 40112 arranged in parallel. The ratchet rack 40111 is vertically and fixedly mounted on one of the limiting plates 4015. Specifically, the ratchet rack 40111 is vertically and fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the upper limiting plate 4015, and the outer wall of the ratchet rack 40111 has multiple ratches arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the ratchet rack 40111. The indicator bar 40112 is detachably mounted on the other limiting plate 4015. The indicator bar 40112 is vertically mounted on the outer wall of the lower limiting plate 4015, and is located outside the ratchet bar 40111. A limiting block 40151 is provided on the outer wall of the lower limiting plate 4015, and the limiting block 40151 has a second slot 401511 and a third slot 401512. The second slot 401511 and the third slot 401512 are arranged vertically, with the second slot 401511 located above the third slot 401512. The inner wall of the indicator bar 40112 is provided with... A rod 401121 is inserted into a second slot 401511, allowing the indicator strip 40112 to slide only along the length of the rod 401121. A threaded rod 4019 is rotatably inserted into a third slot 401512, passing through the indicator strip 40112 and forming a threaded engagement with it. Rotating the threaded rod 4019 allows the indicator strip 40112 to slide along the length of the rod 401121. The outer wall of the indicator strip 40112 has graduations. The top of the ratchet 40111 and the position corresponding to the scale represent the relative sliding distance of the two limiting plates 4015, and also represent the flatness of the assembled component; a locking protrusion 40113 is provided on the inner side wall of the indicator bar 40112. The locking protrusion 40113 is connected to the indicator bar 40112 through the first compression spring 40114. Under the action of the first compression spring 40114, the locking protrusion 40113 can slide elastically in the direction perpendicular to the extension of the indicator bar 40112, and can engage with the ratchet in one direction, so that the two limiting plates 4015 can only move away from each other.

[0038] Initially, the indicator bar 40112 is positioned away from the ratchet bar 40111, at which point the locking protrusion 40113 and the ratchet are disengaged; the bolt locks the position of the ball bearing 4014, and all the balls bearing 4014 are at the same height; the locking assembly 3 is disabled, allowing the reference disk 2 to rotate freely relative to the reference disk 1; the guide rod 40171 is located in the vertical section of the second slide groove 40181; the two limit brackets 4013 are respectively clamped on both sides of the same first stop block 4017.

[0039] Before testing, first adjust the reference plate 2 and the assembled component to be parallel. Taking the assembled component placed horizontally on the ground as an example, the reference plate 2 is located above the reference plate 1, and the reference plate 1 is set horizontally; first, move the reference plate 1 above the assembled component; then start the drive cylinder, the output shaft of the drive cylinder extends, and synchronously drives the reference plate 1 to move downward to approach the assembled component, and the contact rod 5 moves downward synchronously; when the contact rod 5 contacts the upper plate surface of the assembled component, as the reference plate 1 continues to move downward, under the obstruction of the assembled component, the contact rod 5 moves upward relative to the reference plate 1, and the third spring 6 is compressed.

[0040] During the upward movement of the contact rod 5 relative to the reference disk 1, taking four contact rods 5 in the same group as an example, due to the unevenness of the upper plate surface of the assembled component, the heights of the four contact rods 5 in the same group will eventually be different; when the contact rod 5 moves, it synchronously drives the mounting base 4016 to move upward, so that the heights of the four mounting bases 4016 in the same group will eventually be different; taking the case where the height difference between the four mounting bases 4016 is large, during the upward movement of the mounting base 4016, the highest mounting base 4016 will drive the upper limit frame 4 through the first stop 4017. 013 and the upper limit plate 4015 move upward together. The lowest mounting base 4016 will drive the lower limit frame 4013 and the lower limit plate 4015 to move downward together with the highest mounting base 4016 through the first stop 4017. At the same time, under the action of the first spring 7, the middle plate 40121 will move up or down to ensure that it is always in the middle position between the two limit frames 4013. At this time, the adjusting frame 4012 represents the average value of the highest and lowest contact rods 5, that is, the flatness of the assembled component.

[0041] Simultaneously, the second stop 4018 on the highest mounting base 4016 disengages from the lower limiting plate 4015, and the second stop 4018 on the lowest mounting base 4016 disengages from the upper limiting plate 4015. At this time, the second spring 8 on the upper limiting plate 4015 is released, pushing the second stop 4018 on the highest mounting base 4016 downwards. During the movement of the second stop 4018, when the first stop on the highest mounting base 4016... After the guide rod 40171 of block 4017 moves from the vertical section to the inclined section of the second slide groove 40181, as the second stop block 4018 continues to move, the first stop block 4017 gradually retracts into the highest mounting seat 4016. When the first stop block 4017 is fully retracted into the highest mounting seat 4016, under the action of the first spring 7 located above, the upper limit bracket 4013 moves downward to stop the first stop block 4017 on the second highest mounting seat 4016; the lower limit bracket 4013 moves downward to stop the first stop block 4017 on the second highest mounting seat 4016. The second spring 8 on the mounting plate 4015 is released, pushing the second stop 4018 on the lowest mounting base 4016 to move upward. During the movement of the second stop 4018, when the guide rod 40171 of the first stop 4017 on the lowest mounting base 4016 moves from the vertical section to the inclined section of the second slide groove 40181, as the second stop 4018 continues to move, the first stop 4017 gradually retracts into the lowest mounting base 4016. When the first stop 4017 is fully retracted into the highest mounting base 4016... After the lowest mounting base 4016 is in place, under the action of the first spring 7 located below, the lower limiting bracket 4013 moves upward to stop at the first stop block 4017 on the second lowest mounting base 4016; at the same time, under the action of the first spring 7, the intermediate plate 40121 will move up or down to ensure that it is always in the middle position between the two limiting brackets 4013. At this time, the adjusting bracket 4012 represents the average value of the second highest contact rod 5 and the second lowest contact rod 5, that is, the flatness of the assembled component.

[0042] The three sets of contact rods 5 will obtain the flatness A11, A21, and A31 of the three assembled components, specifically manifested as different heights of the adjusting bracket 4012. Simultaneously, supported by the three balls 4014, the reference disk 2 will automatically rotate to a state approximately parallel to the assembled component. Then, the fluid pump 301 is activated, filling the ball seat 102 with fluid. Under fluid pressure, the slip 302 moves outward and rubs against the side wall of the ball sleeve 202 to lock the rotation of the reference disk 1 and the reference disk 2, keeping the reference disk 2 approximately parallel to the assembled component. Then, the threaded rod 4019 is rotated, causing the indicator bar 40112 to approach the ratchet rack 40111, allowing the locking protrusion 40113 to engage with the ratchet. Finally, the nut is loosened, releasing the locking state of the balls 4014.

[0043] During testing, the wall surface of the prefabricated component to be tested is first divided into multiple test areas. Then, the flatness of the multiple test areas is measured sequentially according to the following steps: the reference disk 1 is moved to correspond to the test area; then the drive cylinder is started, the output shaft of the drive cylinder extends, and the reference disk 1 is moved downwards until all the contact rods 5 are in contact with the prefabricated component, and the flatness A12, A22, and A32 of the prefabricated component are obtained through the scale; then the drive motor is started, the drive motor drives the reference disk 1 to rotate, and the reference disk 1 drives all the contact rods 5 to rotate. The system moves while simultaneously obtaining the flatness of the prefabricated components A13…A1N, A23…A2N, A33…A3N through the scale. Due to the unidirectional nature of the cam 40113 and the ratchet, the scale indicates the largest flatness among the prefabricated components. When the flatness of the prefabricated components A12…A1N, A22…A2N, A32…A3N exceeds the preset range, the distance between the laser rangefinder 201 and the prefabricated components is measured to further measure the flatness of the prefabricated components, thereby improving measurement efficiency.

[0044] It should be noted that when the height difference between the four mounting bases 4016 is small, the flatness of the assembled component is the average of the height of the highest contact rod 5 and the height of the lowest contact rod 5.

[0045] Similarly, when the height difference between the four mounting bases 4016 is small, and there is one high and three low, the flatness of the assembled component is the average of the second highest contact rod 5 and the lowest contact rod 5.

[0046] In other embodiments, to facilitate the movement of the reference disk 1 to correspond to different measurement areas, the dimensional measuring device for the assembled component is configured to also include a moving mechanism. When the reference disk 1 is horizontally positioned, it needs to move horizontally. The lifting mechanism can be configured to include a moving trolley and a robotic arm, with the reference disk 1 mounted on the robotic arm, thus facilitating the movement of the reference disk 1 horizontally. When the reference disk 1 is vertically positioned, it needs to move vertically. The lifting mechanism can be configured to include a moving trolley, a guide rail 901, a fixed pulley, a slide table 902, and a winch. The guide rail 901 is vertically positioned on the moving trolley. The fixed pulley is mounted on the guide rail 901 and can rotate around its own axis. The slide table 902 is slidably sleeved on the guide rail 901. The reference disk 1 is mounted on the slide table 902. The winch is mounted on the moving trolley, and the free end of the rope passes over the fixed pulley and is fixed on the slide table 902, thus facilitating the movement of the reference disk 1 vertically.

[0047] In other embodiments, to improve the smoothness of the sliding of the first stop 4017, the contact surface between the first stop 4017 and the limit frame 4013 is set to be a smooth surface, or multiple small balls are rolled and inserted on the contact surface between the first stop 4017 and the limit frame 4013.

[0048] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components, which employs a device for measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components. The method for measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components includes the following steps: S1. Move the reference disk 1 along its own axis until all the contact rods 5 are in contact with the prefabricated component, and determine the flatness A11, A21 and A31 of the prefabricated component through the flatness measuring mechanism. Specifically, the reference disc 1 is moved by the drive cylinder.

[0049] S2. Adjust the reference plate 2 to be parallel to the prefabricated component according to the flatness of the prefabricated component A11, A21 and A31. S3. Lock the rotation of the reference disk 1 and the base disk 2 by locking component 3; S4. Divide the wall surface to be tested of the prefabricated components into multiple test areas; S5. Perform flatness measurements on multiple areas to be tested sequentially according to the following steps: S51. Move the reference disk 1 to correspond to the area to be tested; S52, Move the reference disk 1 along its own axis until all the contact rods 5 are in contact with the prefabricated component, and determine the flatness A12, A22, A32 of the prefabricated component through the flatness measuring mechanism; S53, drive the reference disk 1 to rotate around its own axis, and determine the flatness A13……A1N, A23……A2N, A33……A3N of the prefabricated component through the flatness measuring mechanism; Specifically, the reference disk 1 is rotated by a drive motor.

[0050] S54. When the flatness of the prefabricated component A12……A1N, A22……A2N, A32……A3N exceeds the preset range, the distance between the prefabricated component and the laser rangefinder 201 is measured.

[0051] Specifically, when the flatness of the prefabricated component A12……A1N, A22……A2N, A32……A3N does not exceed the preset range, it indicates that the flatness of the current area to be tested is good, and the next area to be tested can be tested, thereby reducing the measurement time and improving the measurement efficiency.

[0052] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0053] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components, characterized in that, The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components includes a reference plate, a base plate, a locking assembly, a flatness measuring mechanism, and three sets of contact rods; The reference disk can both rotate around its own axis and move along its own axis; a notch is provided on the reference disk. The reference disk is spherically hinged to the reference disk; the reference disk is equipped with multiple laser rangefinders, which are arranged radially and correspond to the notches, and are all configured to measure the distance between assembled components; The locking assembly is configured to lock / unlock the rotation of the reference disk and the base disk; Three sets of contact rods are arranged circumferentially, each set including at least four contact rods, and the contact rods in the same set are arranged radially; the contact rods are vertical and penetrate the reference disk, and can slide elastically along their own length, while also being able to contact the assembled components; The flatness measuring mechanism is configured to determine the flatness of the prefabricated component based on the different positions of the same set of contact rods when they come into contact with the prefabricated component.

2. The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple support rods are vertically arranged on the inner surface of the reference disk. These support rods are divided into three groups along the circumference and correspond to three groups of contact rods. The flatness measuring mechanism includes three flatness measuring units, which are arranged circumferentially and correspond to the three groups of contact rods. Each flatness measuring unit includes a one-way measuring component, an adjusting frame, and two limiting frames. The adjusting frame and the two limiting frames are simultaneously elastically slidably fitted onto the same group of support rods. Ball bearings are movably inserted into the adjusting frame, and the ball bearings can contact the reference disk. The two limiting frames are arranged opposite each other. Each limiting frame has a limiting plate on its inner side, and the limiting plate is parallel to the reference disk. It can slide elastically in a direction parallel to the axis of the reference disk; each contact rod is fixedly provided with a mounting seat, which is located between two limiting plates; each mounting seat is fitted with a first stop and a second stop. The first stop can slide in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the reference disk and can form a stop engagement with the limiting frame; the second stop can slide in a direction parallel to the axis of the reference disk and can form a stop engagement with the limiting plate, and can drive the first stop to insert into the mounting seat when the mounting seat is inserted or removed; the measuring one-way component is configured to allow the two limiting plates to only move away from each other and to measure the relative sliding distance of the two limiting plates.

3. The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring unidirectional component includes a ratchet rack and an indicator bar arranged in parallel. The ratchet rack is vertically and fixedly mounted on one of the limiting plates. The indicator bar is detachably mounted on the other limiting plate and has a scale on it. The indicator bar has a locking protrusion that can slide elastically along a direction perpendicular to the extension of the indicator bar and can engage unidirectionally with the ratchet rack.

4. The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting frame is connected to the limiting frame via a first elastic element; the first elastic element is a first spring; each support rod is fitted with two first springs, one of which is connected between the adjusting frame and one of the limiting frames, and the other is connected between the adjusting frame and the other limiting frame.

5. The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components according to claim 2, characterized in that, A second elastic element connects the limit frame and the limit plate.

6. The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second elastic element is the second spring.

7. The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components according to claim 6, characterized in that, There are multiple second springs connecting the limit frame and the limit plate, and these multiple second springs are arranged side by side.

8. The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each contact rod and the reference plate are connected by a third elastic element; the third elastic element is a third spring, which is sleeved on the contact rod.

9. The dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference plate is equipped with a ball seat, which is hollow inside; the base plate is equipped with a ball sleeve, which is fitted onto the ball seat; the locking assembly includes a fluid pump and multiple slips, the fluid pump is connected to the ball seat and is configured to input fluid into the ball seat; the multiple slips are circumferentially embedded in the ball sidewall of the ball seat, and can slide outward in the radial direction under fluid pressure, and can form friction lock with the sidewall of the ball sleeve.

10. A method for measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components, characterized in that, Using the dimensional measuring device for prefabricated components as described in claim 1, the method for measuring the dimensions of prefabricated components includes the following steps: S1. Move the reference disk along its own axis until all the contact rods are in contact with the prefabricated components, and determine the flatness A11, A21 and A31 of the prefabricated components through the flatness measuring mechanism; S2. Adjust the reference plate to be parallel to the prefabricated component according to the flatness of the prefabricated component A11, A21 and A31. S3. Lock the rotation of the reference plate and the base plate by means of the locking component; S4. Divide the wall surface to be tested of the prefabricated components into multiple test areas; S5. Perform flatness measurements on multiple areas to be tested sequentially according to the following steps: S51. Move the reference disk to correspond to the area to be tested; S52, Move the reference disk along its own axis until all the contact rods are in contact with the prefabricated components, and determine the flatness A12, A22, and A32 of the prefabricated components through the flatness measuring mechanism; S53, drive the reference disk to rotate around its own axis, and determine the flatness of the prefabricated component A13……A1N, A23……A2N, A33……A3N through the flatness measuring mechanism; S54. When the flatness of the prefabricated component A12……A1N, A22……A2N, A32……A3N exceeds the preset range, the distance between the prefabricated component and the laser rangefinder shall be measured.

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