Static concentrating photovoltaic system and synergistic cover plate component assembly

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation, and discloses a static concentrating photovoltaic system and a synergistic cover plate assembly. The system comprises a structural multi-stage condensation link assembly, a photo-thermal branch path decoupling structure, a light guide cavity or light mixing cavity return filling structure and a three-dimensional light receiving structure, so that incident light is converted from plane one-way light receiving into a light receiving mode that the incident light is guided into the three-dimensional light receiving structure after being returned, returned and reused for multiple times in a fixed shape. Solar energy utilization is converted from a plane to a three-dimensional mode, a light receiving area folding relation is formed, the light receiving surface space utilization rate, the light energy utilization rate and the light receiving uniformity are improved, and heat recharge is relieved. The system can also integrate a multi-spectrum LED light supplementing assembly in the same cavity, and light supplementing compensation is provided under the working condition of weak light. The synergistic cover plate assembly is arranged above the existing planar photovoltaic assembly, and in-situ synergistic transformation is achieved through the structural multi-stage condensation link assembly, the transparent light and heat conduction component, the light mixing cavity, the heat conduction and flow guide structural component and the natural convection heat exchange channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar photovoltaic power generation technology, and more specifically, relates to a static concentrating photovoltaic system that operates under fixed receiving angle and fixed shape conditions; particularly, it relates to a static concentrating photovoltaic system and an efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly that integrates multi-level concentrating light introduction, light guide cavity or light mixing cavity return and injection, photothermal path decoupling, three-dimensional light reception, supplementary light reuse, and in-situ efficiency enhancement of existing planar photovoltaic assemblies. Background Technology

[0002] Existing planar photovoltaic systems typically employ planar light reception and single-incident utilization, with their external footprint roughly corresponding to their effective light-receiving area. Within a fixed installation space, it is difficult to further increase the effective light-receiving area and power generation capacity per unit volume.

[0003] Existing medium- and high-magnification focusing solutions mostly rely on mechanical tracking, which results in a complex system structure, high maintenance costs, and is not suitable for fixed installations and static application scenarios.

[0004] Existing static focusing schemes often struggle to simultaneously achieve focusing efficiency, outflow suppression, and uniform light reception under fixed receiving angle conditions. At larger incident angles, they are prone to decreased receiving efficiency, increased outflow loss, and risks of non-uniform irradiation and localized hot spots at the receiving end.

[0005] At the same time, in existing static focusing systems, incident light is mostly used in a single pass. Light that is not absorbed once is difficult to be effectively reused through return, refraction and recharge, making it difficult to form a continuous and multiple reuse process within a fixed volume.

[0006] In addition, the existing light-receiving layer structure is mainly suitable for conventional planar incidence and single-pass light-receiving conditions, and it is difficult to adapt to high brightness, multi-directional, and multiple re-incident incidence conditions, which limits the improvement of weak absorption band utilization, re-incident incidence utilization and light-receiving uniformity.

[0007] In terms of thermal management, if there is a lack of effective heat diversion, insulation and heat exchange structures, the heat under high concentration conditions is easily fed back to the light receiving end along the main optical path and solid heat conduction path, causing local heat accumulation, increased operating temperature and decreased output stability.

[0008] In addition, in existing systems, the concentration, supplementary lighting and heat dissipation are usually set up separately, and the output fluctuates greatly under low light, rainy, cloudy and early morning and evening conditions. There is a lack of an integrated static concentration solution that can take into account both the new system and the in-situ efficiency improvement of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly.

[0009] For upgrading existing planar photovoltaic (PV) systems, directly introducing high-flux concentrated light onto them can easily lead to localized heat peaks and heat recirculation, which is detrimental to continuous and stable power generation and also hinders low-disturbance retrofitting of existing planar PV systems. Current technology lacks a cover plate module assembly that can simultaneously achieve concentrated light introduction, heat load diversion, heat dispersion and removal, and natural convection heat transfer without dismantling the main structure of the existing planar PV system. Summary of the Invention

[0010] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0011] This invention aims to solve the following technical problems:

[0012] 1. Existing planar photovoltaic systems mainly adopt planar light reception and single-path incident utilization methods, which makes it difficult to further increase the effective light reception area and power generation capacity per unit volume within a fixed installation space.

[0013] 2. Existing static focusing schemes, under the conditions of fixed receiving angle and fixed shape, cannot simultaneously achieve focusing efficiency, outflow suppression, light uniformity, and reuse of light that has not been absorbed once.

[0014] 3. Existing light-receiving layer structures are difficult to adapt to high brightness, multi-directional, and multiple refraction incident conditions, which limits the improvement of the utilization rate of weak absorption bands and refraction re-incident light.

[0015] 4. Under high-concentration conditions, heat is easily fed back to the receiving end along the main optical path and the solid heat conduction path, causing local heat accumulation and a decrease in output stability.

[0016] 5. The existing system lacks an integrated structural solution that can take into account multiple reuses of light, heat load distribution, and stable output under low light conditions.

[0017] 6. For existing planar photovoltaic assemblies, directly introducing concentrated light can easily lead to localized heat peaks and heat recirculation. There is a lack of a dedicated cover plate module assembly that can achieve low-disturbance in-situ efficiency enhancement without damaging the main structure.

[0018] (II) Technical Solution

[0019] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a static concentrated photovoltaic system and an efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly.

[0020] The static concentrated photovoltaic system operates under fixed receiving angle and fixed shape conditions, and requires no active mechanical tracking, including:

[0021] A structural multi-stage focusing link assembly is used for angle-limiting, orientation shaping, and recompression of incident light;

[0022] The photothermal decoupling structure is located downstream of the structural multi-stage focusing link assembly. The photothermal decoupling structure includes at least an air isolation structure to divert, isolate, and export the heat load along a path different from the main optical path while allowing the effective light to continue to be introduced downstream.

[0023] A light guide cavity or light mixing cavity foldback and recirculation structure is disposed downstream of the optical-thermal decoupling structure. The light guide cavity or light mixing cavity foldback and recirculation structure includes a cavity and a reflection and feedback boundary, so that the introduced light forms a feedback, foldback and recirculation path inside it.

[0024] And a three-dimensional light-receiving structure disposed within the light guide cavity or the light mixing cavity return and return structure, the three-dimensional light-receiving structure including a photovoltaic light-receiving and power generation component disposed inside the cavity and / or on the inner wall of the cavity, the photovoltaic light-receiving and power generation component being arranged three-dimensionally along the height direction of the cavity and / or the space below, so that the light-receiving surface is three-dimensionally unfolded along the height direction of the cavity and / or the space below, and forming a folded relationship of the light-receiving area within a fixed shape;

[0025] Among them, the portion of light that is not absorbed in the first pass when it is guided back to the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity through the structural multi-level concentrating link assembly and the photothermal decoupling structure is guided back to the photovoltaic receiving and power generation component under the action of the reflection and return boundary.

[0026] Furthermore, the operating state of the static concentrated photovoltaic system under fixed receiving angle conditions is mainly defined by the transparent top cover, the linear Fresnel lens, the variable-pitch sawtooth microprism reflective structure, the fused silica focusing head of the entrance optical guide, and the reflection and feedback boundary of the entrance neighborhood of the light guide cavity or mixing cavity. Incident light within the fixed receiving angle range, after primary focusing by the linear Fresnel lens, is further oriented and guided by the variable-pitch sawtooth microprism reflective structure and the fused silica focusing head of the entrance optical guide; incident light deviating from the effective guidance range is reflected, reguided, or suppressed into the downstream main optical path under the action of the variable-pitch sawtooth microprism reflective structure, the dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer, and / or the reflection and feedback boundary. Thus, under fixed shape conditions, the system forms a limited-angle guidance relationship completed step-by-step from the upstream guidance structure to the cavity entrance neighborhood.

[0027] Furthermore, the structural multi-level focusing link assembly includes a transparent top cover and a linear Fresnel lens, and a refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer, a variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflection structure, and an inlet optical guide fused silica focusing head are provided in the inlet path; the photothermal decoupling structure may also include one or more of the following co-located elements: a dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer, a transparent light and heat guiding component, a sealed heat insulation structure, a through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure, a heat conduction and heat dissipation structure, and a thermoelectric driven heat dissipation structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the system is configured with a light-receiving layer structure suitable for multi-directional and multiple-reflection incident conditions, and anti-reflection and guiding structures are set at the light-receiving layer interface to improve the re-coupling rate of oblique incident light, scattered light and reflected light.

[0029] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the system is equipped with a co-cavity supplementary lighting and heat dissipation linkage structure. The multi-spectral LED supplementary lighting assembly is located at independent supplementary lighting inlets on both sides of the solar inlet cavity. After the supplementary light enters the cavity, it enters the light-receiving area along the light-locking, reflection, and feedback paths. Under low-light conditions, it supplements the cavity with luminous flux of the matching spectrum. Under non-supplementary lighting conditions, its LED reflector cups participate in light-locking and reflection as reflection and feedback boundaries.

[0030] Furthermore, the light guide cavity or mixing cavity return and return structure can be in the form of a mixing cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module. The mixing cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module includes a bottom-guided fused silica light guide, a mixing cavity, an arc-shaped return cavity refocusing component, an inlet cavity refocusing component, an arc-shaped obliquely downward return and return reflective bottom structure, and a wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure. Among them, the bottom-guided fused silica light guide introduces the light into the mixing cavity, and the arc-shaped return cavity refocusing component, the inlet cavity refocusing component, the arc-shaped obliquely downward return and return reflective bottom structure, and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure together constitute the reflection and return boundary.

[0031] Furthermore, the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity return and return structure can also be in the form of a light guide cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module. The light guide cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module includes a light guide strip core, an outer protective layer of the light guide strip, and a wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure disposed on both sides and / or the bottom of the light guide strip. The light guide strip core transmits the introduced light along the cavity direction to the three-dimensional light receiving structure, and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure reflects the light passing through the photovoltaic light receiving and power generation component back into the cavity to form multiple re-incident utilization.

[0032] Furthermore, the three-dimensional light-receiving structure includes an intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure and a photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating component disposed on the outer surface and / or inner wall of the cavity of the intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure. The intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure is provided with through-type ventilation and heat dissipation holes to form a heat dissipation path through the intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure, so that the heat generated by the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating component during the light-receiving process can be quickly discharged along the path.

[0033] Furthermore, the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating module is a flexible photovoltaic film assembly, which includes a surface encapsulation layer, a low-refractive-index hydrophobic top coating, an ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye anti-reflection structure, and a photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer. A refractive-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer and an ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye anti-reflection structure are provided on the incident side and / or the back side of the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer to improve the re-coupling rate of obliquely incident light, scattered light, and reflected light.

[0034] Furthermore, the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer includes a transparent electrode, a hole transport layer, a top junction absorption layer, an electron transport layer, a transparent intermediate layer, an optical coupling layer, a front electrode, a window layer, a buffer layer, a long-wavelength absorption enhancement layer, a bottom junction absorption layer, a selective back reflection layer, a back electrode, and a virtual edge strip; wherein, the transparent intermediate layer is used to realize the connection and / or isolation between the top junction absorption layer and the bottom junction absorption layer, and the selective back reflection layer is used to selectively reflect the transmitted light back to the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer.

[0035] Furthermore, the static concentrated photovoltaic system also includes a heat dissipation fin structure, a thermoelectric power generation module, a pluggable rear air intake filter, a cooling fan exhaust port, and a cooling fan. The thermoelectric power generation module is electrically connected to the cooling fan to utilize heat to drive the cooling fan and / or enhance ventilation and heat dissipation in auxiliary power supply mode.

[0036] Furthermore, the inner surface of the arc-shaped downward-sloping backflow reflective bottom structure and / or the wavy channel reflective bottom structure may be provided with a thermochromic layer or a phase change dimming layer.

[0037] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an efficiency-enhancing cover plate module assembly for in-situ efficiency-enhancing retrofitting of existing planar photovoltaic assemblies, comprising:

[0038] A structural multi-level concentrating link assembly is disposed above the existing planar photovoltaic assembly;

[0039] A transparent light-guiding and heat-guiding component disposed downstream of the structural multi-stage focusing link assembly;

[0040] A light mixing cavity is disposed below the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component;

[0041] A heat-conducting and flow-guiding structural component is provided in thermal cooperation with the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component;

[0042] And a natural convection heat transfer channel formed below the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component and between the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly; the natural convection heat transfer channel has a vertical height H, which is defined as the distance between the bottom surface of the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly and the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly; wherein, the introduced light beam is laterally broadened and the local heat peak is reduced by the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component before entering the light mixing cavity and irradiating the existing planar photovoltaic assembly, and the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure cooperates with the natural convection heat transfer channel to disperse and continuously remove some of the heat, so as to reduce the heat backflow to the existing planar photovoltaic assembly.

[0043] Furthermore, the light mixing cavity can be jointly defined by the area below the transparent light guiding and heat guiding component, the area enclosed by the arc-shaped downward-facing backflow reflective bottom structure, the boundary area of ​​the surface of the heat guiding and flow guiding structure facing the inner side of the light mixing cavity, and the area above the downstream light receiving end; wherein, the arc-shaped downward-facing backflow reflective bottom structure is used to press down and return light with a lateral outward tendency, and the surface of the heat guiding and flow guiding structure facing the inner side of the light mixing cavity is used to return and lock light near the upper part and / or the upper side boundary of the light mixing cavity, so that the light mixing cavity forms a reflection and return boundary, and improves the uniform distribution and reuse capability of the introduced light before reaching the existing planar photovoltaic assembly.

[0044] Furthermore, a controlled air inlet is provided at the lower inlet side of the natural convection heat exchange channel, and a controlled exhaust port is provided at the upper outlet side. The controlled air inlet and the controlled exhaust port are respectively connected to the natural convection heat exchange channel. The filter structure is provided at the controlled air inlet and / or the controlled exhaust port to block dust, fluff, and particulate impurities from entering the natural convection heat exchange channel. The labyrinth-type water-blocking structure is provided in the connecting path of the controlled air inlet and / or the controlled exhaust port to extend the entry path of liquid water while maintaining airflow continuity, thereby reducing the possibility of rainwater directly entering the natural convection heat exchange channel. The controlled air inlet can be configured in conjunction with a guide bell to guide external air smoothly into the natural convection heat exchange channel, forming a bottom-to-top heat exchange airflow path together with the upper controlled exhaust port.

[0045] Furthermore, an air guide horn can be provided on the inlet side of the natural convection heat exchange channel to guide external cold air smoothly into the natural convection heat exchange channel, reduce local flow resistance at the inlet, and enhance the through ventilation effect along the length direction.

[0046] Furthermore, the structural multi-stage focusing link assembly includes a linear Fresnel lens, a variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflective structure, and an inlet optical guide fused silica focusing head. The outer layer of the linear Fresnel lens and / or the outer layer of the inlet optical guide fused silica focusing head are covered with a dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer.

[0047] Furthermore, the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component can be a transparent ceramic light-guiding and heat-conducting sheet, a fused silica light-guiding and heat-conducting sheet, a quartz glass light-guiding and heat-conducting sheet, or other transparent components that have both light-guiding and heat-conducting functions and are set on the main optical path downstream of the fused silica focusing head of the entrance optical guide; the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structural component that cooperates with its heat conduction can be an aluminum alloy local flow-guiding and heat-dissipating groove, a copper flow-guiding and heat-dissipating groove, a graphite-based heat-conducting and flow-guiding component, or other heat-conducting and flow-guiding components that can guide the heat absorbed by the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component to the heat dissipation path of the outer frame.

[0048] Furthermore, multiple of the aforementioned efficiency-enhancing cover plate assemblies are modularly arranged and covered along the existing planar photovoltaic assembly length direction, the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structural components are continuously arranged along the length direction of each unit, and the natural convection heat exchange channels extend continuously along the length direction.

[0049] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. By coordinating the structural multi-stage focusing link assembly with the cavity return and recirculation structure, the incident light is repeatedly returned, folded back, and reused within a fixed volume, reducing the light energy loss after a single irradiation.

[0052] 2. By setting a three-dimensional light-receiving structure within the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity, the light-receiving surface is transformed from a planar unfolding to a three-dimensional unfolding within the cavity, forming a folded relationship of approximately 10 to approximately 30 times the light-receiving area within a fixed shape (see...). Figure 17 In a typical implementation, the projected area of ​​the transparent top cover is used as the reference area S. Figure 17 The structure shown in the left figure makes the cumulative effective light-receiving area within the cavity approximately 10S; further increasing the cavity depth, while considering the attenuation from multiple backflows, Figure 17 The structure shown in the right figure allows the cumulative effective light-receiving area to be extended to approximately 30S. Therefore, under the same external projection conditions, this invention is advantageous in increasing the effective light-receiving area per unit volume and provides a structural basis for improving power generation capacity.

[0053] 3. By setting up a photothermal decoupling structure, the effective light input path is separated from the heat load output path. Through the synergistic effect of one or more of the following: air isolation structure, dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer, transparent light and heat guiding components, sealed heat insulation structure, through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure, heat conduction and heat dissipation structure and thermoelectric driven heat dissipation structure, heat reinjection and local heat accumulation are reduced, and the system operation stability is improved.

[0054] 4. By combining the anti-reflection and guiding structure on the surface of the light-receiving layer with the cavity reflection and return boundary, the re-coupling utilization rate of weak absorption band, oblique incident light, scattered light and reflected light is improved.

[0055] 5. In some implementations, by setting up a co-cavity supplementary lighting and heat dissipation linkage structure, the supplementary light beam shares the cavity entrance direction and light guide cavity or light mixing cavity channel with the sunlight, providing supplementary lighting compensation under low light conditions and improving the continuity and stability of the system output under conditions such as cloudy / rainy weather, early morning / late evening.

[0056] 6. By coordinating the transparent light-guiding and heat-guiding components, light-mixing cavity, heat-guiding and flow-guiding structural components, and natural convection heat exchange channels in the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly, the introduced light beam can achieve broadening and peak reduction, more uniform distribution, partial light return and reuse, heat diversion and through heat exchange before reaching the existing planar photovoltaic assembly, thereby reducing heat backflow and achieving low-disturbance in-situ efficiency enhancement without dismantling the main structure.

[0057] 7. By setting up two implementation forms, an integrated structure and a cover plate structure, the present invention is applicable to both the integrated construction of static concentrated photovoltaic systems and the in-situ efficiency enhancement and retrofitting of existing planar photovoltaic assemblies, thereby expanding the application scenarios and structural adaptability of the present invention.

[0058] 8. The technical effect of this invention comes from the synergistic cooperation between its various structures, rather than the simple superposition of isolated modules. The structural multi-level focusing link assembly is responsible for the angle-limiting, direction shaping, and recompression of the incident light; the air isolation structure, dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer, transparent light guide and heat conduction components, and heat dissipation path in the photothermal path decoupling structure separate and export the heat load from the main optical path; the arc-shaped return cavity refocusing component, the cavity refocusing component, the arc-shaped oblique downward return reflection bottom structure, and the wave-shaped channel reflection bottom structure in the light guide cavity or mixing cavity return and recirculation structure together form the light return, reflection, and recirculation path; the three-dimensional light receiving structure arranges the light receiving surface in multiple positions inside the cavity to receive the reflected light and the re-incident light. Thus, this invention can simultaneously achieve focusing and introduction, light reuse, heat recirculation suppression, and light distribution within the same system, improving the overall operational stability and light utilization efficiency of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0059] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a static concentrated photovoltaic system; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the fastening and assembly relationship between the cover plate module assembly and the existing planar photovoltaic assembly for efficiency enhancement; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main chain of the mixing cavity structure and three-dimensional light receiving in a static concentrated photovoltaic system. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the interlayer structure of a hood-type light-concentrating and guiding structure; Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the multi-stage focusing and guiding of light in a hood-type structure, the re-guiding of light through the throat, and the decoupling of photothermal pathways; Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a flat-cover multi-stage light-concentrating and guiding structure; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the transition interface between the fused silica focusing head of the inlet optical guide and the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity; Figure 8A schematic diagram showing the co-cavity introduction of sunlight and multi-spectral LED supplementary light into the mixing cavity; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the light beam returning to the source within the light guide cavity. Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional light-receiving, ventilation, and heat dissipation structure inside the light guide cavity and light mixing cavity; Figure 11 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the integrated structure assembly; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional stacked structure of the light-receiving layer; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the light-receiving layer; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of multiple film layers; Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the virtual edge strip layout; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of an overall through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure; Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the folded area of ​​the three-dimensional light-receiving structure; Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the cover plate modification structure for improving the efficiency of the cover plate assembly; Figure 19 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the modular arrangement and overall assembly of the cover plate assembly for enhanced efficiency.

[0060] Figure label:

[0061] 1. Structural multi-level focusing link assembly; 2. Multi-spectral LED supplementary lighting component assembly; 3. Mixing cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module; 4. Photothermal decoupling structure; 5. Reflection and return structure; 6. Light guide cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module; 7. Efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly; 8. Three-dimensional light-receiving structure; 9. Transparent top cover; 10. Linear Fresnel lens; 11. Dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer; 12. Refractive guiding micron-level textured adhesive layer; 13. Sealing and heat insulation pad; 14. Variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflection. Structure; 15. Heat dissipation fin structure; 16. Thermoelectric power generation module; 17. Entrance optical guide fused silica focusing head; 18. Arc-shaped return cavity refocusing component; 19. Transparent light and heat guiding component; 20. Inlet cavity refocusing component; 21. Downward-guided fused silica light guide component; 22. Light mixing cavity; 23. LED mounting heat dissipation frame; 24. Multispectral LED supplementary light beads; 25. LED reflector cup; 26. Arc-shaped downward-sloping backflow reflective bottom structure; 27. Wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure; 28. 29. Positive and negative terminals of flexible photovoltaic film; 30. Busbar for photovoltaic film edge trimming; 31. Flexible photovoltaic film assembly; 32. Through-type ventilation and heat dissipation hole; 33. Light guide strip and light guide core; 34. Outer protective layer of light guide strip; 35. Middle photovoltaic suspension frame structure; 36. Surface encapsulation layer; 37. Low refractive index hydrophobic top coating; 38. Ultra-thin subwavelength micro-nano anti-reflection structure; 39. Photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer; 40. Transparent electrode; 41. Hole transport layer; 42. Top junction absorption layer; 43. Electron transport layer; 43. Transparent intermediate layer; 44. Optical coupling layer; 45. Front electrode; 46. Window layer; 47. Buffer layer; 48. Long-wave absorption enhancement layer; 49. Bottom junction absorption layer; 50. Selective back reflection layer; 51. Back electrode; 52. Virtual edge strip; 53. Plug-in rear air intake filter; 54. Cooling fan exhaust vent; 55. Cooling fan; 56. Control panel; 57. Natural convection heat transfer channel; 58. Thermal conduction and airflow guiding structure; 59. Air guide flare; 60. Existing planar photovoltaic assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0062] Overview of the overall implementation method

[0063] The static concentrating photovoltaic system and its efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly of this invention are constructed around the application goals of fixed receiving angle, fixed shape, and no need for active mechanical tracking. The overall technical concept is as follows: a structural multi-stage concentrating link assembly guides the incident light into the downstream path; during the guidance process, a photothermal decoupling structure separates the effective light guide path from the heat load output path; the downstream light undergoes multiple return, reflection, and reuse under the action of the light guide cavity or mixing cavity return-feed structure; simultaneously, a three-dimensional light-receiving structure transforms the light-receiving surface from planar spreading to three-dimensional unfolding within the cavity, thereby creating a spatial folding relationship between light energy and a folding relationship between the light-receiving area within the fixed shape. Based on the above overall concept, this invention can be formed as an integrated structure of a static concentrating photovoltaic system or as a cover plate structure for in-situ efficiency enhancement of existing planar photovoltaic assemblies.

[0064] The arrows in the accompanying drawings are only used to indicate the propagation direction of light paths. Vertical or near-vertical arrows indicate the path of incident light entering from the outside and downstream; slanted arrows indicate the propagation path after focusing, redirection, or reconvergence; and folding arrows indicate return, reversal, or reflow paths occurring near interfaces, boundaries, or throats. The different arrow types are only used to aid in understanding the light guiding, redirection, and photothermal separation relationships in each embodiment and do not constitute a limitation on the specific number of reflections, return times, energy multiples, or theoretical mechanisms.

[0065] Example 1: Overall configuration of static concentrated photovoltaic system and efficiency-enhancing cover plate module assembly (combined with...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 )

[0066] like Figure 1 The integrated overall configuration of the static concentrated photovoltaic system of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 The left side shows the mixed-cavity structure path, and the right side shows the light-guiding cavity structure path. From top to bottom, the left path shows the structural multi-stage concentrating link assembly 1 and the mixed-cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module 3; the multi-spectral LED supplementary lighting assembly 2 is located in the vicinity of the concentrating inlet section and the downstream light-receiving structure, serving as an optional supplementary lighting unit; the right path, from top to bottom, shows the photothermal decoupling structure 4, the foldback and return structure 5, and the light-guiding cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module 6. The side-by-side arrangement in the diagram can be used to illustrate the configuration differences between the two different structural paths, or it can correspond to the side-by-side combination and installation of multiple similar modules.

[0067] exist Figure 1In the overall configuration shown, the structural multi-stage concentrating link assembly 1 is located on the incident side of the system and is used for angle-limiting, direction-shaping, and re-compressing of the incident light. The multi-spectral LED supplementary lighting assembly 2 is located in the area adjacent to the concentrating guide section and the downstream light-receiving structure, and is used to provide supplementary lighting in low-light conditions and participate in reflection and feedback in non-supplementary lighting conditions. The mixed-cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-assembly 3 constitutes the left cavity-type light-receiving path; the photothermal decoupling structure 4 is located between the concentrating guide path and the downstream light-receiving path, and is used to divert, isolate, and export the heat load while the effective light continues to be introduced downstream; the folding back and recirculation structure 5 is used to form a feedback, folding back, and recirculation path for the light inside the cavity; the light-guiding cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-assembly 6 constitutes the right light-guiding light-receiving path.

[0068] exist Figure 1 In the left path, the incident light is guided by the upper focusing section and then enters the photovoltaic integrated sub-module 3 of the mixing cavity, where it undergoes multiple cycles of feedback, reflection, and reuse within the cavity. A three-dimensional light-receiving surface is set inside the mixing cavity, so that the light-receiving surface is no longer limited to a single plane, but unfolds three-dimensionally along the height of the cavity and the space below, thus forming a folded relationship of the light-receiving area within a fixed shape.

[0069] exist Figure 1 In the path on the right, the incident light enters the return-feedback structure 5 after passing through the photothermal decoupling structure 4, and is further guided into the photovoltaic integrated sub-module 6 of the light guide cavity. In this path, the guided light propagates along the cavity direction and is repeatedly re-incident under the action of the reflection and return boundary, so that the light-receiving surface in the light guide path can repeatedly receive light in accordance with the direction of light propagation.

[0070] therefore, Figure 1 The overall structure of this invention reveals a continuous and synergistic relationship: after incident light is introduced through the structural multi-stage focusing link assembly 1, the effective light path and the heat load path are separated in the photothermal decoupling structure 4. Subsequently, the light is repeatedly fed back, folded back, and reused under the action of the return-to-source structure 5 and the corresponding cavity structure, and the three-dimensional light reception and utilization are completed by the mixed-cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module 3 or the light-guiding cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module 6. Thus, the incident light is transformed from the traditional planar single-path light reception mode into a multi-path light reception and utilization mode within a fixed shape, forming a spatial folding relationship of light energy and a folding relationship of light-receiving area within the fixed shape.

[0071] Figure 2The assembly relationship between the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7 and the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60 is shown. The efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7 is disposed above the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60, and in the overall functional hierarchy, it forms, from top to bottom, a structural multi-level concentrating link assembly 1, a photothermal decoupling structure 4, and a downstream mixing cavity path corresponding to the mixing cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-assembly 3; in the specific cover plate structure hierarchy, the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7 forms the structural multi-level concentrating link assembly 1 at the top, a transparent light-guiding and heat-guiding component 19 and its corresponding heat-guiding and flow-guiding structure 58 in the middle, and a mixing cavity 22 at the bottom, and a natural convection heat transfer channel 57 is formed between the mixing cavity 22 and the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60. The structural multi-stage concentrating link assembly 1 is located on the upper part of the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7, and is used to limit the angle of the incident light, shape its direction, and re-compress it. The photothermal decoupling structure 4 is located downstream of the structural multi-stage concentrating link assembly 1, and is used to divert, isolate, and export the heat load while the effective light continues to be introduced downstream. The downstream mixing cavity path corresponding to the mixing cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-assembly 3 is located downstream of the photothermal decoupling structure 4, and is arranged vertically in conjunction with the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60, so that the introduced light beam is first broadened and peak-shaving by the mixing cavity 22 before reaching the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60, and then some of the heat is dispersed and exported through the heat conduction path, thereby achieving low-disturbance in-situ efficiency enhancement.

[0072] A natural convection heat exchange channel 57 is formed between the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7 and the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60. The natural convection heat exchange channel 57 has a vertical height H, defined as the distance between the bottom surface of the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7 and the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60. During operation, heated air rises and is discharged along this channel, while cooler air from below is introduced, thus forming a continuous heat exchange path and reducing heat backflow into the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60. This structure enables low-disturbance in-situ efficiency enhancement without dismantling the main structure of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60.

[0073] In conclusion, Figure 1 and Figure 2 Two embodiments of the present invention are disclosed. Both embodiments share a common technical thread: a structural multi-stage focusing link assembly 1, a photothermal decoupling structure 4, and a downstream light-receiving deployment relationship. Both embody the overall technical concept of the present invention, which revolves around a fixed receiving angle, a fixed shape, and the elimination of the need for active mechanical tracking. Figure 1 It is an integrated structure of static concentrated photovoltaic system, which realizes the multiple use of light within a fixed shape through concentrated light introduction, heat load management, internal cavity return and recirculation, and three-dimensional light reception and deployment; Figure 2With a cover plate structure, by retaining the upstream concentrating and heat load distribution main line, and utilizing the natural convection heat exchange channel 57 formed between the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7 and the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60 and its height H, the beam broadening and peak reduction, heat diversion and low-disturbance in-situ efficiency enhancement transformation are achieved.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The main chain relationship of the static concentrated photovoltaic system of the present invention is shown, with the mixing cavity structure as the main component. In the figure, the structural multi-stage focusing link assembly 1 is located on the incident side of the system and is used to limit the angle of the incident light, shape its direction, and recompress it; the multi-spectral LED supplementary lighting assembly 2 is located in the vicinity of the focusing guide section and the downstream light receiving structure, and is used to supplement the cavity with matching spectral light flux under supplementary lighting conditions and participate in reflection and feedback under non-supplementary lighting conditions; the photovoltaic integrated sub-assembly 3 of the mixing cavity constitutes the downstream mixing cavity light receiving path; the photothermal decoupling structure 4 is located between the focusing guide path and the downstream light receiving path, and is used to divert, isolate, and export the heat load while the effective light continues to be introduced downstream; the return and recirculation structure 5 is located below the throat and cooperates with the internal reflection boundary of the mixing cavity, so that the light forms a return, return, and recirculation path in the mixing cavity; the three-dimensional light receiving structure 8 is located inside the mixing cavity, and the three-dimensional light receiving structure 8 includes an intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure, and the photovoltaic light receiving and power generation assembly is located on the outer surface of the intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure and / or the inner wall of the cavity, so that the light receiving surface is in the working state inside the mixing cavity. In a typical embodiment, approximately 10 times the light is focused and directed at the cavity entrance to form a high-throughput beam with high irradiance. Simultaneously, multiple sets of photovoltaic (PV) photoelectric power generation modules are arranged along the height of the cavity, resulting in a cumulative effective light-receiving area approximately 10 times the projected area of ​​the transparent top cover. Further deepening the cavity and considering the attenuation from multiple reflections, the cumulative effective light-receiving area can be expanded to approximately 30 times. Thus, the incident light is transformed from an external single-layer planar light-receiving mode within the fixed shape to a multi-layer three-dimensional light-receiving mode within the cavity, creating a folded relationship of approximately 10 to 30 times the light-receiving area within the fixed shape, thereby significantly increasing the effective light-receiving area and power generation capacity per unit volume.

[0075] Example 2: Structural multi-stage light-concentrating and photothermal decoupling structure (combined with...) Figure 4 and Figure 5 )

[0076] Figure 4The partial interlayer relationship of the dome-shaped light-concentrating and guiding structure is shown. The transparent top cover 9 is located on the outermost side and forms the upper incident boundary; the linear Fresnel lens 10 is located below the transparent top cover 9 and is used for primary light-concentrating and guiding of the incident light; the dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer 11 is located in the guiding path and is used to allow the effective light to continue to be transmitted downstream and to reflect the long-wave thermal component along the reflection side out of the light-concentrating and guiding area; the refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 is located on the lower side of the guiding interface and is used to reguide and re-reflect light that deviates from the main path or diffuses, so that this part of the light is pressed back into the downstream guiding area.

[0077] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the overall relationship between the multi-stage focusing and guiding light source, the throat re-guidance, and the decoupling of the photothermal pathways. A transparent top cover 9 forms the outer boundary of the system. A linear Fresnel lens 10 is positioned below the transparent top cover 9 and converges the incident light towards the throat. A dichroic cold mirror-type two-phase selective film layer 11 is positioned in the guiding path to reflect the long-wavelength thermal component out of the focusing and guiding area while effectively guiding light downstream. A refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 is located inside the guiding interface to reguide and re-reflect light that deviates from the main path at the throat or diffuses downstream. A sealing and heat-insulating pad 13 is positioned at the connection and transition between the top cover structure and the lower structure to form a boundary seal and provide localized heat insulation. A variable-pitch sawtooth microprism reflective structure 14 is positioned on both sides of the focusing and guiding light that deviates from the main path and presses it towards the throat region. The heat dissipation fin structure 15 is located on the outside of the inlet section to increase the heat dissipation area. The thermoelectric power generation module 16 is located on the heat dissipation path of the frame containing the variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflector structure 14. It is used to withstand the heat conducted by the focusing cavity and generate electricity, which is used to support the operation of the cooling fan. The inlet optical guide fused silica focusing head 17 is located at the center of the throat. It is used to receive the light that converges to the throat area and to refocus and reshape the light before continuing to guide it downstream. At the same time, the inlet optical guide fused silica focusing head 17 also serves as a temperature rise dispersion component in the throat area, so that the local heat generated during the focusing process is diffused and dispersed in the quartz body and in its cooperation path with the surrounding heat-conducting frame, thereby achieving the synergy of focusing and local temperature rise dispersion. A refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 and a dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer 11 are sequentially disposed on the upper surface of the fused silica focusing head 17 of the entrance optical guide. The refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 is used to reguide light that deviates from the main path of the throat or is diffused, so that this part of the light is pressed back towards the fused silica focusing head 17 of the entrance optical guide. The dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer 11 is used to allow the effective light to continue to be transmitted downstream during the re-introduction process, and to reflect the long-wave thermal component along the reflection side out of the focusing and introduction area. An arc-shaped return cavity refocusing element 18 is disposed in the adjacent area below the throat, and is used to refocus and return the light before it is introduced downstream.

[0078] Example 3: Flat-cover structural multi-stage light-concentrating and photothermal decoupling structure (combined with...) Figure 6 )

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a flat-cover structure for multi-stage concentrating photovoltaic (PV) system upstream inlet section, which is used for photothermal decoupling.

[0080] A transparent top cover 9 is positioned on the outermost side to form a flat-cover incident boundary. A linear Fresnel lens 10 is positioned below the transparent top cover 9 to provide primary focusing and guidance of the incident light. A dichroic cold mirror-type two-phase selective film layer 11 is positioned in the guidance path to allow effective light to continue downstream transmission and to reflect long-wavelength thermal components along the reflection side out of the focusing guidance area. A refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 is positioned below the guidance interface to redirect and re-reflect light that has deviated from the main path or has become diffused, causing this portion of the light to be pressed back towards the downstream guidance area. A sealing and heat-insulating pad 13 is positioned at the connection and transition between the flat-cover structure and the lower structure to form a boundary seal and provide local heat insulation.

[0081] The variable-pitch sawtooth microprism reflector structure 14 is positioned on both sides of the focusing guide path to redirect light rays that deviate from the main path and press them towards the throat area. It also forms the structural support for the focusing guide section together with the surrounding frame. The heat dissipation fin structure 15 is positioned on the outside of the guide section to increase the heat dissipation area. The thermoelectric power generation module 16 is positioned on the heat dissipation path of the frame containing the variable-pitch sawtooth microprism reflector structure 14. It bears the heat conducted from the focusing guide section and generates electricity, which can be used to support the operation of the cooling fan.

[0082] The inlet optical guide, a fused silica focusing head 17, is positioned at the center of the throat to receive light converged into the throat region and refocus and reshape the light before guiding it downstream. Figure 5 The cover structure is different from that in the middle. Figure 6The flat-cover structure does not primarily feature an air focal zone. Instead, it reshapes the introduced light through the fused silica condenser head 17 at the entrance optical guide, ensuring that the localized temperature rise from the focused light preferentially acts on the fused silica condenser head 17 and diffuses within the quartz body and its interaction path with the surrounding heat-conducting frame. This reduces the direct transmission of the localized temperature rise from the throat focusing point to the downstream light-receiving area. A refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 is provided on the upper surface of the fused silica condenser head 17 to reguide light that deviates from the main path at the throat or is diffused, causing this portion of the light to be pressed back towards the fused silica condenser head 17. A dichroic cold mirror-type two-phase selective film layer 11 located above this textured layer allows the effective light to continue to propagate downstream during the re-introduction process and reflects the long-wavelength thermal component along the reflective side out of the focusing area. The arc-shaped refocusing element 18 is disposed in the area adjacent to the throat opening to refocus and guide the light before it is guided downstream, thereby enhancing the light guiding continuity in the area adjacent to the throat opening.

[0083] Example 4: A common cavity structure for guiding light, mixing light, refocusing light, and supplementing light (combined with...) Figure 7 , Figure 8 Figure 9)

[0084] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment discloses a refocusing and supplementary light co-cavity introduction relationship where the upstream focusing light is introduced into the guide light cavity or the downstream path of the mixing cavity.

[0085] Figure 7The transition interface between the fused silica focusing head of the inlet optical guide and the light guide cavity or mixing cavity is shown. The main beam introduced from upstream descends through the fused silica focusing head 17 of the inlet optical guide and directly enters the downstream light guide cavity or mixing cavity through the transparent light guide and heat conduction component 19. A dichroic cold mirror-type two-phase selective film layer 11 is disposed on the upper surface of the transparent light guide and heat conduction component 19 to allow effective light to continue to propagate downstream and to guide the long-wave heat component along the reflection side. The gap between the fused silica focusing head of the inlet optical guide and the mixing cavity constitutes an air isolation structure and simultaneously forms a through-ventilation path. Under the action of the upper heat dissipation path, it can accelerate the removal of heat from this area, thereby further separating the focusing light guide path from the heat load path. A refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 is disposed on the lower surface of the transparent light guide and heat conduction component 19 to refract and recirculate light that has entered the cavity and undergone diffusion, deflection, or return, causing this portion of the light to be pushed back into the light guide cavity or mixing cavity. The cavity refocusing element 20 is located in the adjacent area of ​​the cavity entrance and is mainly used to refocus the light that deviates from the main path in the vicinity of the throat or the cavity entrance and press it toward the cavity entrance. The arc-shaped cavity return refocusing element 18 works in conjunction with the cavity refocusing element 20 to return the light in the adjacent area below the throat and further press it down, thereby strengthening the transition from the upstream guide section to the downstream light guide cavity or mixing cavity.

[0086] Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the co-cavity guidance relationship between the solar light and the multi-spectral LED supplementary light in the mixing cavity path. The downward-guiding fused silica light guide 21 guides the light introduced from the upstream focusing section further downwards, forming a downward fan-shaped transition before entering the light-receiving area, thus broadening the beam before entering the light-receiving layer. Simultaneously, the downward-guiding fused silica light guide 21, in conjunction with the surrounding heat-conducting structure, further disperses and dissipates some of the heat conducted down from the upstream focusing section. The mixing cavity 22 constitutes the downstream light-receiving space. The LED mounting heat dissipation frame 23 is thermally connected to the upper focusing cavity frame and is positioned to cooperate with the downward-guiding fused silica light guide 21 on both sides. The multi-spectral LED supplementary light beads 24 are mounted on the LED mounting heat dissipation frame 23, and the LED reflector cups 25 surround the outside of the multi-spectral LED supplementary light beads 24. Thus, the LED mounting heat dissipation frame 23 can, on the one hand, conduct heat from the LED supplementary light section to the upper frame and transfer it to the heat dissipation path of the thermoelectric power generation module. On the other hand, the inlet optical guide fused silica focusing head, the LED mounting heat dissipation frame 23 and the light mixing cavity 22 are partially isolated by the sealing heat insulation pad 13, and the remaining gaps constitute an air isolation structure and form a through ventilation path, thereby further separating the light guiding path and the heat load path in this area.

[0087] The arc-shaped, downward-sloping reflective bottom structure 26, the LED reflector cup 25, the refractive-guided micron-textured adhesive layer 12, and the wavy-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 together constitute the reflection and feedback boundary in the mixing cavity path. Among them, the arc-shaped, downward-sloping reflective bottom structure 26, the LED reflector cup 25, and the refractive-guided micron-textured adhesive layer 12 mainly further compress and lock the light entering the cavity, while the wavy-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 sends back, folds back, and re-converges the light after it enters the cavity, so that the sunlight and the LED supplementary light form a continuous light-receiving path within the mixing cavity 22.

[0088] Furthermore, the rationale for setting up the multi-band LED supplementary light bulb 24 is as follows: While the upstream passive focusing light guide can provide a high effective flux under direct sunlight dominance, the effective luminous flux entering the mixing cavity 22 decreases under diffused light dominance or spectral mismatch conditions such as overcast skies, cloudy days, or evenings. Passive light guide alone is insufficient to continuously maintain the matching spectral flux required by the downstream light-receiving layer. Therefore, the multi-band LED supplementary light bulb 24, as an active compensation light source, is positioned at independent supplementary light inlets on both sides of the solar inlet cavity. Under supplementary light conditions, it supplements the mixing cavity 22 with matching spectral flux. After entering the cavity through the independent supplementary light inlets, the LED supplementary light, like the solar inlet light, forms a light-locking, folding, and return path under the influence of the reflection and return boundary. It is then absorbed and converted by the multi-layer photoelectric film layer according to different spectral bands, thereby providing effective support and compensation for the downstream light-receiving layer under low-light conditions. The multi-spectral band configuration is designed to adapt to the absorption requirements of the downstream multilayer photosensitive and power-generating film layer in different spectral bands, avoiding the situation where single-spectral band supplementary lighting is only effective for local photosensitive layers and fails to improve the overall output continuity. In non-supplementary lighting conditions, the LED reflector cup 25 continues to participate in light-locking and refraction as a reflection and return boundary. Thus, the multi-spectral band LED supplementary lighting assembly is not only used for flux compensation in low-light conditions, but also for maintaining the path continuity, spectral compensation capability, and output continuity of the incoming light under different operating conditions.

[0089] Furthermore, the wavy channel reflective base structure 27 can be configured as a stacked reflective structure to form a high-reflectivity return boundary for the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity, and thermally coupled with the heat dissipation component to dissipate the heat converted from absorption loss within the cavity. The stacked reflective structure can include one or more layers from bottom to top: a molded base layer, an attachment transition layer, a metal reflective layer, and a dielectric protection and / or anti-reflective layer. The molded base layer can be formed using a metal substrate or its composite substrate, and the metal substrate can be aluminum alloy or other metal materials with high thermal conductivity; the attachment transition layer can be titanium, chromium, or equivalent materials to improve the adhesion between the subsequent reflective layer and the substrate; the metal reflective layer can be silver, aluminum, or equivalent metal reflective materials; the dielectric protection and / or anti-reflective layer can be composed of alternating high-refractive-index dielectric layers and low-refractive-index dielectric layers, and the high-refractive-index dielectric layer material can be titanium dioxide, tantalum pentoxide, or equivalent materials, while the low-refractive-index dielectric layer material can be silicon dioxide or equivalent materials. The above-mentioned film materials, number of layers, and reflectivity configuration can all be selected according to the target wavelength, environmental reliability, and process conditions, and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0090] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a thermochromic layer or a phase-change dimming layer may be disposed on the inner surface of the arc-shaped downward-sloping backflow reflective bottom structure and / or the wavy channel reflective bottom structure. The thermochromic layer or phase-change dimming layer maintains a high reflectivity state when the temperature is below a preset threshold to enhance the return and reflection of light within the cavity; when the temperature is above the preset threshold, it switches to a low reflectivity state to reduce the number of light reflections within the light guide cavity or mixing cavity and suppress the thermal burden on the cavity, thereby achieving a temperature-responsive balance between reflection return capability and temperature controllability. The phase-change dimming layer may be selected from... The thermochromic layer can be a phase change material, a doped vanadium dioxide thin film, or an equivalent thermochromic light-controlling material. The thermochromic layer may be a thermochromic hydrogel coating or other thermochromic smart light-controlling material that exhibits reversible optical modulation within the temperature range of 40°C to 80°C. The preset threshold can be set at the operating temperature. It is near the statistical upper limit, and in some implementations it may be in the range of 40°C to 80°C.

[0091] Figure 9The diagram illustrates the backflow and return flow relationship within the light guide cavity path. The light guide strip core 32 is disposed inside the light guide cavity to transmit high-brightness light introduced from upstream downstream along the cavity direction. The outer protective layer 33 of the light guide strip is disposed outside the light guide strip core 32 to maintain the boundary of the light guide path and provide external protection. After being guided by the upper focusing light, the introduced light is conducted to various light-receiving areas inside the cavity through the light guide strip core 32. Sunlight and supplementary light can share this light guide path. The wavy channel reflective bottom structure 27 reflects the light after passing through the light-receiving layer back into the cavity to form multiple re-incident applications. The arc-shaped downward-sloping backflow reflective bottom structure 26, the LED reflector cup 25, and the refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 further pressurize and guide the incoming light. The sealing heat insulation pad 13 is disposed between the upper introducing structure and the downstream light guide cavity path to form a boundary seal and locally isolate the heat load path of the upper focusing section from the downstream light-receiving path. Figure 9 The dashed line spanning the entire structure illustrates the upper and lower thermal isolation interfaces formed by the sealing heat insulation pad 13 and the air isolation structure, representing the temperature isolation and thermal stripping relationship between the upper light-concentrating and guiding area and the lower light-guiding cavity area. The dashed line does not represent an independent structural component, nor does it constitute a limitation on the specific shape, location, or continuous range of this interface. Thus, after the guided light propagates downstream within the light guide core 32, it can be reused multiple times under the action of the wavy channel reflective bottom structure 27, and continuously receive light in conjunction with the inlet-side backflow boundary.

[0092] Example 5: Three-dimensional light-receiving and ventilation / heat dissipation structure inside the light guide cavity and light mixing cavity (combined) Figure 10 )

[0093] like Figure 10 The diagram shows the arrangement of the three-dimensional light-receiving structure of the present invention in the light mixing cavity path and the light guiding cavity path. Figure 10 The left side shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional light-receiving, ventilation, and heat dissipation structure inside the light mixing cavity, and the right side shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional light-receiving, ventilation, and heat dissipation structure inside the light guiding cavity.

[0094] exist Figure 10In the light mixing cavity path shown on the left, the lower-guided fused silica light guide 21 is located between the upper inlet area and the light mixing cavity 22, used to continue guiding the light introduced from the upstream downstream and to broaden it before entering the light-receiving area. The refractive guide micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 is located below the inlet area, and works with the arc-shaped obliquely downward backflow reflective bottom structure 26 to further press down and backflow the light entering the cavity. A middle photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34 is set inside the light mixing cavity 22. A flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30 is set on the outer surface of the middle photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34. The edge of the flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30 is converged and led out through the photovoltaic film edge-closing busbar 29 and the positive and negative terminals 28 of the flexible photovoltaic film. Multiple through-hole ventilation and heat dissipation holes 31 are set on the middle photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34 to form a heat dissipation path through the middle photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34, so that the heat generated by the flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30 on the outer surface of the middle photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34 during the light-receiving process can be quickly discharged along the path. The wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 is disposed on the side wall and / or bottom of the light mixing cavity 22 to reflect the light that has passed through the flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30 back into the light mixing cavity 22; the heat dissipation fin structure 15 is disposed on the heat dissipation path of the outer frame and forms thermal coupling with the wall of the light mixing cavity 22 and the structure where the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 is located, so as to further dissipate the heat absorbed and lost in the cavity.

[0095] Furthermore, Figure 10 In the light-mixing cavity path shown on the left, the light-receiving surface is not simply spread along the outer plane corresponding to the transparent top cover, but rather unfolds three-dimensionally along the depth direction of the cavity, relying on the intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34 and the internal space of the light-mixing cavity 22. Thus, while maintaining the projected area of ​​the transparent top cover, multiple flexible photovoltaic film assemblies 30 are folded and arranged inside the light-mixing cavity 22, thereby transforming the external planar light-receiving mode into multiple three-dimensional light-receiving modes within the cavity, and forming a folded relationship of the light-receiving area within a fixed shape. The basis for light uniformity in the light-mixing cavity path lies in: the broadening and introduction formed by the downward-guided fused silica light guide 21; the multiple return and reflection formed by the arc-shaped obliquely downward-returning reflective bottom structure 26 and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27; and the symmetrical distribution of multiple flexible photovoltaic film assemblies 30 inside the cavity, all of which together redistribute the incoming light before it reaches each light-receiving surface, thereby improving light uniformity.

[0096] exist Figure 10In the light guide cavity path shown on the right, the light guide strip core 32 is disposed inside the light guide cavity to transmit the high-brightness light introduced from upstream to downstream along the cavity direction; the outer protective layer 33 of the light guide strip is disposed outside the light guide strip core 32 to maintain the boundary of the light guide path and provide external protection. The flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30 is arranged along both sides and / or adjacent three-dimensional support surfaces of the light guide strip core 32, and the photovoltaic film edge-closing busbar 29 and the positive and negative terminal terminals 28 of the flexible photovoltaic film are used for electrical connection and lead-out of the light-receiving surface. The wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 is disposed on both sides and / or the bottom of the light guide cavity path to reflect the light after passing through the flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30 back into the cavity; the heat dissipation fin structure 15 is disposed on the heat dissipation path of the outer frame and forms thermal coupling with the wall of the light guide cavity and the structure where the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 is located to conduct the absorbed and lost heat in the light guide cavity path outward. Thus, after the light propagates downstream within the light guide core 32, it can be re-intruded multiple times under the action of the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27, while the heat is discharged through the outer frame heat dissipation path, and the light path and heat path are separated in this area.

[0097] Furthermore, Figure 10 In the light guide cavity path shown on the right, the spatial folding is based on the following: the light guide core 32 of the light guide strip continues to transmit the light introduced from the upstream entrance along the depth direction of the cavity, so that the light-receiving area is no longer limited to the projected area of ​​the entrance section; at the same time, multiple sets of flexible photovoltaic film assemblies 30 are folded and arranged along both sides of the light guide path and adjacent three-dimensional support surfaces, so that the cumulative light-receiving area is greater than the planar light-receiving area corresponding to the entrance. Thus, within a fixed shape, multiple times the light-receiving area can be folded by adjusting the depth of the light guide cavity, the length of the light guide path, and the number of folded flexible photovoltaic film assemblies 30; the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 provides continuous light-receiving conditions for the aforementioned folded light-receiving surface by reflecting and re-intruding the transmitted light;

[0098] Example 6: Integrated three-dimensional structure (combined with) Figure 11 )

[0099] like Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 The three-dimensional relationship of the integrated structure in its overall assembled state is shown. Among them, Figure 11 The left side shows a three-dimensional assembly diagram of the integrated light guide cavity structure under the flat cover structure, and the right side shows a three-dimensional assembly diagram of the integrated light mixing cavity structure under the cover structure. Figure 11 It is mainly used to show the spatial correspondence between the upstream light-concentrating and guiding structure, the throat re-introducing structure, the downstream light-receiving cavity, the flexible photovoltaic film assembly, the three-dimensional support components, the through ventilation path, and the electrical connection lead-out from the perspective of overall assembly.

[0100] exist Figure 11In the integrated light guide cavity structure under the flat cover structure shown on the left, the variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflection structure 14 is set in the upper guide area and distributed in multiple layers in a stepped manner, used to reguide and press the incident light downward; the entrance optical guide fused silica focusing head 17 is located at the center of the throat and forms a long strip-shaped light guide / focusing component along the assembly length direction, used to continue to guide the light after upstream shaping downstream. The thermoelectric power generation module 16 is set on the upper heat dissipation path, and the multi-spectral LED supplementary light beads 24 are set in the area near the throat. The light guide strip and light guide core 32 are set longitudinally along the cavity, and the outer protective layer 33 of the light guide strip covers the outside of the light guide strip and light guide core 32, used to maintain the boundary of the light guide path and provide external protection. The flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30 is arranged three-dimensionally along both sides of the light guide strip and light guide core 32, and is electrically connected and led out through the photovoltaic film edge busbar 29 and the positive and negative terminals 28 of the flexible photovoltaic film. The intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34 is disposed inside the cavity. Its body has a concave structure and screw holes for fixing to the front and rear frames, thereby maintaining the three-dimensional assembly stability of the light guide strip, light guide core 32, and flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30. The ventilation holes on the front and rear frames are opposite to the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation holes 31 on the intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34, forming a through-type heat dissipation path to dissipate heat generated during light reception. Therefore, Figure 11 The left side as a whole embodies the integrated three-dimensional assembly relationship of the light guide cavity, which is composed of the upper flat cover inlet section, the multi-layer stepped variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflection structure 14, the long strip-shaped entrance optical guide fused quartz focusing head 17, the light guide strip light guide core 32, the flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30, the middle photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34, and the through ventilation and heat dissipation path.

[0101] exist Figure 11In the integrated structure of the mixed light cavity shown on the right, the variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflective structure 14 is located in the upper dome-shaped light-concentrating and guiding area. The inlet optical guide fused silica light-concentrating head 17 is located at the center of the throat and extends along the assembly length direction, used to guide the upstream-guided and shaped light further downstream. The lower-guide fused silica light guide 21 is located below the inlet optical guide fused silica light-concentrating head 17, used to guide the guided light further downward into the mixed light cavity and form a broadening effect. The thermoelectric power generation module 16 is set on the upper heat dissipation path. The arc-shaped oblique downward backflow reflective bottom structure 26 and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 together form the reflection and return boundary in the mixed light cavity path. The flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30 is arranged three-dimensionally inside the cavity based on the intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34 and is set on the outer surface of the intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34 in a covering manner. The photovoltaic film edge-trimming busbar 29 and the flexible photovoltaic film positive and negative terminal terminals 28 are used to realize the convergence and extraction of the flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30. The intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34 is embedded in the inner groove of the front and rear frames to maintain the relative spacing and stable positioning of the multiple flexible photovoltaic film assemblies 30 inside the cavity. The ventilation holes on the front and rear frames are positioned opposite to the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation holes 31 on the intermediate photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34, forming a through-type heat dissipation path to dissipate the heat generated during light reception inside the cavity. Therefore, Figure 11 The right side shows the integrated three-dimensional assembly relationship of the mixing cavity under the cover structure, which consists of the upper cover-type light-concentrating and guiding section, the throat re-introduction structure, the downstream light-receiving space of the mixing cavity, the covering flexible photovoltaic film assembly 30, the middle photovoltaic suspension frame structure 34, and the through ventilation and heat dissipation path.

[0102] Furthermore, Figure 11 Left side and Figure 11 The right side also indicates that the integrated structure of the present invention is not limited to a single path. The light guide cavity path under the flat cover structure and the light mixing cavity path under the cover structure can be set as different integrated modules independently, or they can be selected and combined according to the installation space, light receiving conditions, thermal management requirements and system objectives to form a parallel and / or series assembly scheme of multiple similar modules, but this does not mean that the two different structural paths must be used simultaneously in the same single housing.

[0103] Example 7: Flexible photovoltaic film assembly micro-nano light trapping structure (combined with...) Figure 12 and Figure 13 )

[0104] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 The micro-nano structure of the flexible photovoltaic film assembly is shown. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional stacked structure of the light-receiving layer. Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the light-receiving layer. The structure of the light-receiving layer corresponds to the technical solution in the claim that the flexible photovoltaic film assembly includes a surface encapsulation layer, a low-refractive-index hydrophobic top coating, an ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye anti-reflection structure, and a photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer, and that a refractive-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer and an ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye anti-reflection structure are provided on the incident side and / or the back side.

[0105] Figure 12 The flexible photovoltaic film assembly shown includes, from the incident side to the back side, a surface encapsulation layer 35, a low refractive index hydrophobic top coating 36, a refraction-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12, an ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye antireflection structure 37, a photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38, and, on the back side, an ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye antireflection structure 37, a refraction-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12, and a wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27. The surface encapsulation layer 35 and the low-refractive-index hydrophobic top coating 36 form an outer protective and incident interface stabilizing layer. The refractive-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 and the ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye antireflection structure 37 on the incident side reduce the initial incident reflection loss and guide the initial incident light. They also work with the back-side structure to recouple and guide the light reflected back by the wavy channel reflective bottom structure 27. The ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye antireflection structure 37, the refractive-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12, and the wavy channel reflective bottom structure 27 on the back side work together to reflect the transmitted light back and press it back into the photovoltaic light-receiving film layer 38. Thus, the refractive-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 and the ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye antireflection structure 37 on both the front and back sides together constitute a front-to-back symmetrical micro / nano light-trapping structure.

[0106] Figure 13 The cross-sectional relationship of the light-receiving layer is shown. Thus, light passes through the surface encapsulation layer 35 and the low-refractive-index hydrophobic top coating 36, then enters the refraction-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 and the ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye antireflective structure 37, before entering the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38. The transmitted light is then reflected back and guided back to the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38 by the ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye antireflective structure 37, the refraction-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12, and the wavy channel reflective bottom structure 27 on the back side. The layout is designed so that the front structure not only undertakes antireflection introduction and initial coupling but also participates in the re-guiding and re-pullback of the reflected light; the back structure mainly undertakes the return reflection and re-pullback, thereby enabling both the front and back sides to jointly improve the light re-coupling rate under multi-directional and multiple reflection incident conditions within the cavity.

[0107] Example 8: Photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer stacked structure and virtual edge strip structure (combined with...) Figure 14 and Figure 15 )

[0108] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 The internal stacked structure of the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38 and the arrangement of the virtual edge strips 52 are shown. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the multilayer arrangement of the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the virtual edge strip 52. The layered structure corresponds to the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer in the claims, which includes a transparent electrode 39, a hole transport layer 40, a top junction absorption layer 41, an electron transport layer 42, a transparent intermediate layer 43, an optical coupling layer 44, a front electrode 45, a window layer 46, a buffer layer 47, a long-wavelength absorption enhancement layer 48, a bottom junction absorption layer 49, a selective back reflection layer 50, a back electrode 51, and a virtual edge strip 52.

[0109] Figure 14 The photovoltaic (PV) photoelectric generation film 38 shown includes a transparent electrode 39, a hole transport layer 40, a top junction absorption layer 41, an electron transport layer 42, a transparent intermediate layer 43, an optical coupling layer 44, a front electrode 45, a window layer 46, a buffer layer 47, a long-wavelength absorption enhancement layer 48, a bottom junction absorption layer 49, a selective back reflection layer 50, and a back electrode 51. The aforementioned layers are stacked sequentially along the thickness direction of the photoelectric generation film. The transparent intermediate layer 43 connects and / or isolates the top junction absorption layer 41 and the bottom junction absorption layer 49; the optical coupling layer 44 improves the optical transition between the upper and lower layers; and the selective back reflection layer 50 selectively reflects transmitted light back to the PV photoelectric generation film 38.

[0110] Furthermore, the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38 can adopt a two-junction stacked structure, and in some embodiments, a two-junction four-terminal structure can be adopted, which is designed for high-brightness, multi-directional, and multiple-reflection incident conditions in the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity. Its layout is based on the consideration that a single absorption layer cannot simultaneously accommodate different spectral components in a high-brightness light-receiving field and the reuse of the returned light after transmission. The top junction absorption layer 41 and the bottom junction absorption layer 49 can respectively undertake absorption and conversion within different spectral ranges to adapt to the layered utilization of the reflected light and long-wavelength returned light within the cavity. The transparent intermediate layer 43 and the optical coupling layer 44 are used to maintain connection, isolation, and optical matching between the upper and lower layers, reducing interlayer transition losses. The selective back-reflection layer 50 is used to reflect the transmitted light back to the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38 to improve the reuse of the returned light after transmission. Therefore, this two-junction four-terminal stacked structure can better adapt to high-brightness, multi-directional, and multiple-reflection incident light-receiving fields under conditions of internal geometric path amplification.

[0111] Furthermore, in the aforementioned two-junction four-terminal structure, the upper and lower conductive layers corresponding to the top junction absorption layer and the upper and lower conductive layers corresponding to the bottom junction absorption layer respectively form independent electrical connection terminals. The electrical outputs of the top junction light-receiving conversion unit and the bottom junction light-receiving conversion unit are led out through the photovoltaic film edge-trimming busbar and the positive and negative terminals of the flexible photovoltaic film, thereby ensuring that the top and bottom junctions remain independent in terms of light-receiving conversion and electrical connection. The transparent intermediate layer is used to achieve connection and / or isolation between the top and bottom junction absorption layers, the optical coupling layer is used to improve the optical transition between the upper and lower layers, and the selective back-reflection layer is used to selectively reflect the transmitted light back to the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer. Thus, the above-mentioned stacking relationship forms both a layered light-receiving path for the upper and lower absorption layers and a corresponding independent electrical output relationship.

[0112] Figure 15 The relationship between the virtual edge strip 52 and the edge of the photovoltaic receiving and power-generating film layer 38 is illustrated. The virtual edge strip 52 is disposed in the edge region of the photovoltaic receiving and power-generating film layer 38 to define and transition the edge region, thereby reducing the impact of the edge region on the continuity of the receiving and power-generating film layer and improving the structural integrity and operational stability at the edge of the film layer. In one embodiment, the virtual edge strip 52 can also be used to reduce leakage, recombination, or boundary effects in the edge region, thereby improving the electrical stability of the edge region of the film layer.

[0113] Example 9: Schematic diagram of the relationship between the overall through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure, auxiliary power supply and heat dissipation structure, and the folded area of ​​the three-dimensional light-receiving space (combined with...) Figure 16 and Figure 17 )

[0114] like Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, Figure 16 The diagram shows the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure and the auxiliary power supply heat dissipation structure of the integrated structure in its overall assembled state. Figure 17 The diagram illustrates the spatial folding area relationship of the three-dimensional light-receiving structure at the reference cavity depth and the deepened cavity depth.

[0115] Figure 16 The above figure is a schematic diagram of the overall through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure. The gap located below the arc-shaped return cavity refocusing element 18 and between the focusing module and the downstream light guide cavity or mixing cavity constitutes an air isolation structure, which also constitutes part of the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure; the empty area inside the reflector cup and the surrounding gap located at the corresponding part of the LED mounting heat dissipation frame 23 constitute another part of the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure; the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation hole 31 constitutes the upper and lower connecting parts of the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure; the heat dissipation fin structure 15 and the corresponding outer frame form an outer ventilation gap extending along the length of the equipment, which constitutes the outer heat exchange part of the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure. Figure 16The arrows shown in the diagram above indicate the flow direction of air entering from the back of the device, passing sequentially through the air isolation structure, the hollow area inside the reflector cup and its surrounding gaps, the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation hole 31, and the ventilation gap outside the heat dissipation fin structure 15. This shows that the gaps, channels, and intervals are not isolated from each other, but together constitute the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure in the overall structure.

[0116] Figure 16 The figure below illustrates the assembly relationship of the aforementioned through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure within the constraints of the overall outer frame. In the figure, a plug-in rear air intake filter 53 is located on the rear air intake side of the equipment to filter the air entering the equipment; a cooling fan exhaust port 54 is located at the front exhaust position of the equipment, and a cooling fan 55 is located at the corresponding position of the cooling fan exhaust port 54 to expel airflow from inside the equipment; a control panel 56 is located at the lower front of the equipment for external control, status display, and auxiliary power supply interface arrangement; a thermoelectric power generation module 16 is located at the upper thermal management related position to output electrical energy under temperature difference conditions and participate in the power supply of the cooling fan 55; and heat dissipation fin structure 15 is located on the outside of the focusing guide section, the outer frame of the cavity, and the corresponding heat dissipation path to increase the heat dissipation area and form an external ventilation gap under the outer frame. Thus, Figure 16 The air isolation structure, the hollow area inside the reflector cup and its surrounding gaps, the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation holes 31, and the ventilation gaps on the outside of the heat dissipation fin structure 15 shown in the figure above are all part of this structure. Figure 16 The overall assembly shown in the figure below forms a through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure that runs unidirectionally from the rear to the front of the equipment.

[0117] During operation, external air enters the equipment through the plug-in rear air intake filter 53 and flows forward along the internal ventilation path. After entering the equipment, the airflow first passes through the air isolation structure formed by the arc-shaped return cavity below the focusing element 18, then through the inner cavity of the reflector cup and its surrounding gaps on the corresponding part of the LED mounting heat dissipation frame 23, the through-type ventilation and heat dissipation holes 31, and the outer ventilation gap formed by the heat dissipation fin structure 15, thus continuously exchanging heat with the focusing and guiding structure, the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity path, and the three-dimensional light-receiving structure. Under the action of the cooling fan 55, the airflow is finally discharged only through the front cooling fan exhaust hole 54, thus forming a unidirectional forced convection heat dissipation path from the rear to the front of the equipment with a single exhaust outlet. Through the above-mentioned through ventilation path, the heat generated inside the equipment by the focusing and guiding section, the supplementary light section, the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity path, and the light-receiving structure can be continuously dissipated, reducing the overall operating temperature rise.

[0118] Furthermore, when a temperature difference is established between the upper heat load and the external environment, the thermoelectric power generation module 16 outputs electrical energy. This output electrical energy is primarily used to drive the cooling fan 55 to form a self-driven forced convection cooling circuit. In the initial stage of system startup, before a temperature difference is established, or when the output of the thermoelectric power generation module 16 is insufficient to maintain the stable operation of the cooling fan 55, supplemental power can be supplied to the cooling fan 55 through the auxiliary power supply interface corresponding to the control panel 56. This ensures the continuous operation of the cooling fan 55 and maintains the heat exchange capacity of the through-type ventilation cooling structure. Therefore, the power supply path for the cooling fan 55 can come from either the thermoelectric power generation output of the thermoelectric power generation module 16 or the auxiliary power supply path corresponding to the control panel 56, thereby improving the completeness and continuity of the cooling system under different thermal conditions.

[0119] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the folded area of ​​the three-dimensional light-receiving structure of the present invention, wherein, Figure 17 The left image is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional light-receiving structure at the reference cavity depth. Figure 17 The right figure is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional light-receiving structure after the chamber depth is increased. In the figure, the symbol "1S" represents the reference area of ​​the light inlet corresponding to the transparent top cover, and the symbol "10S" represents... Figure 17 The cumulative effective light-receiving area formed inside the cavity at the reference cavity depth shown in the left figure is approximately 10 times the reference area of ​​the light inlet. The label "30S" indicates that... Figure 17 As shown in the right figure, after deepening the cavity, the cumulative effective light-receiving area inside the cavity can be expanded to approximately 30 times the reference area of ​​the light inlet. The arrows in the figure indicate the path of the high-irradiance, high-flux beam formed after focusing and guiding the light within the cavity, including its refraction, recirculation, and reuse. "1S," "10S," and "30S" in the figure are area symbols and are not intended as structural component reference numerals, nor do they represent linear dimensions.

[0120] Furthermore, such as Figure 17 As shown, in a typical embodiment, the projected area of ​​the transparent top cover is used as the reference area of ​​the light inlet. Figure 17 The structure shown in the left figure arranges multiple sets of photovoltaic (PV) light-receiving and power-generating modules along the height direction inside the cavity, thereby making the cumulative effective light-receiving area inside the cavity approximately 10 times the reference area of ​​the light inlet. Further increasing the cavity depth while maintaining a fixed projected area, Figure 17 The structure shown in the right figure can expand the cumulative effective light-receiving area to approximately 30 times the reference area of ​​the light inlet, taking into account the attenuation caused by multiple folds. Thus, the three-dimensional light-receiving structure is no longer limited to an external single-layer planar light-receiving mode. Instead, through folding arrangements in the cavity depth direction, the light-receiving area within the fixed shape is expanded from the reference area of ​​the light inlet to a multi-layered three-dimensional light-receiving surface that is 10 to 30 times larger, thereby achieving an area multiplication in the sense of spatial folding.

[0121] Example 10: In-situ enhancement modification of the cover plate assembly and downstream light-receiving end combination implementation (combined with...) Figure 18 and Figure 19 )

[0122] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the cover plate modification structure for improving the efficiency of the cover plate assembly, wherein, Figure 18 The image above is a cross-sectional view of the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly. Figure 18 The image below is a schematic diagram of the micro-nano light-trapping structure of the enhancement cover plate assembly combined with the light-receiving layer. Figure 19 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the modular arrangement and overall assembly of the cover plate assembly for enhanced efficiency.

[0123] Figure 18 The figure above shows the cross-sectional relationship of the cover plate-type efficiency enhancement structure. The efficiency enhancement cover plate assembly 7 is positioned above the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60. The structural multi-stage concentrating link assembly 1 is located in the upper inlet area. Incident sunlight first enters the concentrating cavity through the dichroic cold mirror type phase-selective film layer 11 covering the outer side of the linear Fresnel lens 10. The outermost dichroic cold mirror type phase-selective film layer 11 is used to preferentially block and reflect long-wave heat components, allowing the effective light to continue to be introduced downstream, thereby completing a heat separation at the outermost layer. Subsequently, the light entering the concentrating cavity is further sorted and focused by the linear Fresnel lens 10 and the variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflection structure 14, and then guided to the inlet optical guide fused silica concentrator head 17. The outer layer of the fused silica condenser head 17 of the entrance optical guide is also covered with a dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer 11 to continue the second separation of the high temperature long-wavelength component; the refractive guide micron-level textured adhesive layer 12 is disposed at the downstream interface of the fused silica condenser head 17 of the entrance optical guide to shape the introduced light and to push the diffused light entering the fused silica condenser head 17 of the entrance optical guide down and guide it into the downstream path again.

[0124] After the above two-stage heat separation and quartz buffering, the effective light continues to enter the transparent light guide and heat conduction component 19. The transparent light guide and heat conduction component 19 is used to receive the high-throughput beam after it is introduced, and to laterally broaden the beam and reduce the local heat peak. The heat dissipation fin structure 15 is set on the heat dissipation path of the outer frame to expand the external heat exchange area and accelerate the outward dissipation of heat. The area enclosed by the transparent light guide and heat conduction component 19, the area of ​​the arc-shaped downward backflow reflective bottom structure 26, the boundary area of ​​the surface of the heat conduction and flow guiding structure 58 facing the inner side of the light mixing cavity 22, and the area above the downstream light receiving end together define the light mixing cavity 22. The light mixing cavity 22 is located between the efficiency enhancement cover plate assembly 7 and the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60, and is used to receive the introduced light after it has been broadened and peak-shaving by the transparent light guide and heat conduction component 19, so that the introduced light forms a relatively uniform high-brightness irradiation state before reaching the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60. The height H represents the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the efficiency-enhancing cover assembly 7 and the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60, and also corresponds to the vertical spatial dimension of the mixing cavity 22. Therefore, Figure 18 The diagram above illustrates the continuous technical relationship of "the outermost cold mirror first isolates long waves—the entrance optical guide fused quartz concentrator outer cold mirror second isolates long waves—quartz buffer light guide—transparent light guide and heat conduction component 19 broadens and clips peaks—arc-shaped oblique downward backflow reflective bottom structure component 26 presses back from the side—heat conduction and flow guiding structure component 58 implements upper and / or side upper backflow and light locking on the surface facing the inner side of the light mixing cavity 22—the light mixing cavity 22 uniformly buffers irradiation," thereby reducing the direct heat injection and heat backflow on the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60 while maintaining the light guiding capability.

[0125] Furthermore, the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component 19 can be a transparent ceramic light-guiding and heat-conducting sheet, a fused silica light-guiding and heat-conducting sheet, a quartz glass light-guiding and heat-conducting sheet, or other transparent components that combine light-guiding and heat-conducting functions and are disposed on the main optical path downstream of the fused silica focusing head 17 of the entrance optical guide; the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58, which is configured to cooperate with its heat conduction, can be an aluminum alloy local flow-guiding and heat-dissipating groove, a copper flow-guiding and heat-dissipating groove, a graphite-based heat-conducting and flow-guiding component, or other heat-conducting and flow-guiding components that can guide the heat absorbed by the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component 19 to the heat dissipation path of the outer frame. Thus, the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component 19 and the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58 together form a continuous structural chain of "light guiding - buffering - heat conduction" in terms of position, and together undertake the functions of broadening and peak clipping of the incoming beam and dispersing and dissipating some of the heat in terms of function.

[0126] Furthermore, the arc-shaped, downward-sloping reflective bottom structure 26 is located on both sides and / or the lower inner side of the periphery of the mixing cavity 22, and is used to further press down, return, and recharge the incoming light. The reflective surface of the arc-shaped, downward-sloping reflective bottom structure 26 facing the inner side of the mixing cavity 22 can adopt the same or equivalent stacked reflective structure as the aforementioned wavy channel reflective bottom structure 27, to form a high-reflection return boundary on the side and / or lower part of the mixing cavity 22. The surface of the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58 facing the inner side of the mixing cavity 22 can also adopt the same or equivalent stacked reflective structure as the aforementioned wavy channel reflective bottom structure 27, to form a high-reflection return boundary on the upper part and / or the upper side of the mixing cavity 22. Thus, the arc-shaped downward-facing reflective bottom structure 26, the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58, the stacked reflective surfaces facing the inner side of the light-mixing cavity 22, and the downstream light-receiving end jointly define the reflection and return boundary of the light-mixing cavity 22, allowing the introduced light, after being broadened and clipped by the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component 19, to undergo further return, reflection, recirculation, and redistribution within the light-mixing cavity 22. In some embodiments, the inner surfaces of the arc-shaped downward-facing reflective bottom structure 26 and / or the wavy channel reflective bottom structure 27 may also be provided with a thermochromic layer or a phase-change dimming layer to adjust the reflection and return capability under different thermal conditions.

[0127] Figure 18 The figure below illustrates the combination of the enhancement cover plate assembly and the micro / nano light-trapping structure of the light-receiving layer. In this embodiment, the light-receiving end located downstream of the mixing cavity 22 is not limited to the conventional light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60, and can further employ... Figure 12 and Figure 14 The light-receiving layer micro-nano trapping structure and the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer stacked structure are combined as shown. Specifically, below the light mixing cavity 22, a refractive-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12, an ultrathin subwavelength micro-nano moth-eye anti-reflection structure 37, a photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38, a back-side ultrathin subwavelength micro-nano moth-eye anti-reflection structure 37, a refractive-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12, and a wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 can be sequentially arranged. Thus, the light introduced after being broadened and clipped by the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component 19 can first form a relatively uniform distribution within the light mixing cavity 22, and then enter the light-receiving layer micro-nano trapping structure and be absorbed and converted by the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38.

[0128] In some embodiments, the reflective surface of the arc-shaped downward-facing reflective bottom structure 26 facing the inside of the light mixing cavity 22 and the surface of the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58 facing the inside of the light mixing cavity 22 can respectively adopt the same or equivalent stacked reflective structure as the aforementioned wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27, thereby forming a multi-boundary reflection and feedback system of the light mixing cavity 22 together with the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27. Among them, the arc-shaped downward-facing reflective bottom structure 26 mainly implements downward-facing oblique feedback of light in the lateral and downward paths, the stacked reflective surface of the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58 facing the inside of the light mixing cavity 22 mainly implements feedback and light-locking of light near the upper boundary and the upper side boundary of the light mixing cavity 22, and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27 mainly implements bottom feedback, reflection and re-convergence of transmitted light. Thus, after the light is broadened and clipped by the transparent light-guiding and heat-guiding component 19, it undergoes the first homogenization inside the light mixing cavity 22. Under the combined action of the arc-shaped oblique downward backflow reflective bottom structure 26, the reflective surface of the heat-guiding and flow-guiding structure 58 facing the inside of the light mixing cavity 22, and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27, a coordinated upper, lateral, and lower return path is formed. Together with the refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 on both sides of the light receiving layer and the ultrathin subwavelength micro-nano moth-eye anti-reflection structure 37, the re-coupling rate of the reflected light inside the light mixing cavity 22 is improved.

[0129] exist Figure 18 In the combined embodiment shown in the figure below, the refractive-guided micron-scale textured adhesive layer 12 and the ultrathin subwavelength micro / nano moth-eye antireflection structure 37 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the light-receiving end. The photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer 38 can be adopted... Figure 14 The layered structure shown is designed to accommodate high brightness, multi-directional, and multiple reflection incident conditions. Therefore, Figure 18 The image below is relative to Figure 18 The figure above further illustrates the combination relationship between the cover plate-type efficiency enhancement structure, the micro-nano light-trapping structure of the light-receiving layer, the arc-shaped downward-sloping backflow reflective bottom structure 26, the reflective surface of the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58 facing the inside of the light-mixing cavity 22, and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27. This makes the cover plate-type efficiency enhancement not only applicable to the retrofit scenario of in-situ superposition on the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60, but also extend to the implementation method of integrated combination with the new light-receiving layer structure.

[0130] Figure 19This diagram shows a three-dimensional view of the modular arrangement and overall assembly of the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly. Multiple efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly assemblies 7 are modularly arranged and cover the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60 along its length. Heat-conducting and air-guiding structural components 58 are continuously arranged along the length of each unit, forming a heat-conducting relationship with the upper concentrating structure and the downstream transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component 19. A natural convection heat exchange channel 57 extending continuously along its length is formed between the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7 and the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60. A guide bell 59 is provided on the inlet side of the natural convection heat exchange channel 57 to guide external cold air smoothly into the channel. A controlled air inlet can be provided at the lower part of the natural convection heat exchange channel 57, and a controlled exhaust outlet can be provided at the upper part. The controlled air inlet and the controlled exhaust outlet are respectively connected to the natural convection heat exchange channel 57. A filter structure can be installed at the controlled air inlet and / or controlled exhaust outlet to block dust, fluff and particulate impurities from entering the natural convection heat exchange channel 57; a labyrinth-type water-blocking structure can be installed in the connecting path of the controlled air inlet and / or controlled exhaust outlet to extend the liquid water entry path while maintaining airflow connectivity, thereby reducing the possibility of rainwater directly entering the natural convection heat exchange channel 57. Figure 19 From a three-dimensional assembly perspective, the spatial correspondence between multiple efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7, transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting components 19, heat-conducting and flow-guiding structural components 58, natural convection heat exchange channels 57, air guide horn 59, and the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60 is further revealed. Thus, when multiple cover plate units are arranged side by side, the natural convection heat exchange channels 57 corresponding to each unit remain continuous, and the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structural components 58 are also continuously arranged along the module array direction. In some embodiments, the boundary area of ​​the surface of the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structural components 58 facing the inner side of the light mixing cavity 22 can also extend continuously along the module array direction to form a continuous reflection and return boundary on the upper part and / or the upper side of the light mixing cavity 22, and under the guidance of the air guide horn 59, they jointly form a modular and continuous overall photothermal synergistic structural relationship.

[0131] During operation, the air located below the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component 19 and above the light-mixing cavity 22 is heated, its density decreases, and it rises along the inclined direction, exiting through the upper controlled exhaust port. Cooler air from the lower part is continuously supplied through the controlled air inlet and smoothly enters the natural convection heat transfer channel 57 under the guidance of the air guide horn 59, thus forming a continuous natural convection heat transfer path that runs through the entire cover plate structure between the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7 and the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60. The natural convection heat transfer channel 57 has a vertical height H, defined as the distance between the bottom surface of the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly 7 and the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60. Therefore, part of the heat load generated after the beam is clipped and broadened by the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component 19 can be first dispersed and discharged to the heat dissipation path of the outer frame through the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58, and then continuously carried away by the natural convection heat transfer channel 57. At the same time, light that is not absorbed in the first stage and has an upward, sideways or transmission tendency can be reflected back, deflected and guided to the downstream light receiving end again by the reflective surface of the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58 facing the inside of the light-conducting cavity 22, the arc-shaped oblique downward backflow reflective bottom structure 26 and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure 27, respectively. When multiple similar units are arranged side by side, the natural convection heat transfer channel 57 corresponding to each unit remains continuous, and the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure 58 is also continuously arranged along the module array direction. The air guide horn 59 cooperates with the lower controlled air inlet to guide the external cold air in, and the upper controlled exhaust port is used to discharge the heated air, thereby forming a modular and continuous overall heat dissipation structure relationship between multiple units and reducing the heat backflow to the existing planar photovoltaic assembly 60.

[0132] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various equivalent substitutions, conventional adjustments, or combinations can be made without departing from the overall technical concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and combinations should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A static concentrated photovoltaic system, characterized in that, Operating under fixed receiving angle and fixed shape conditions, and without the need for active mechanical tracking, the system comprises: a structural multi-stage concentrating link assembly; a photothermal decoupling structure disposed downstream of the structural multi-stage concentrating link assembly, the photothermal decoupling structure including at least an air isolation structure; a light guide cavity or light mixing cavity return-feed structure disposed downstream of the photothermal decoupling structure, the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity return-feed structure including a cavity and a reflection and feedback boundary; and a three-dimensional light-receiving structure disposed within the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity return-feed structure, the three-dimensional light-receiving structure including a photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating component disposed inside the cavity and / or on the inner wall of the cavity, the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating component being arranged three-dimensionally along the height direction of the cavity and / or below the space; wherein, the portion of the light that is not absorbed in the first pass by the structural multi-stage concentrating link assembly and the photothermal decoupling structure and is introduced into the light guide cavity or light mixing cavity return-feed structure is guided again to the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating component under the action of the reflection and feedback boundary.

2. The static concentrated photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural multi-level focusing link assembly includes a transparent top cover and a linear Fresnel lens, and a refractive guiding micron-scale textured adhesive layer, a variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflection structure, and an inlet optical guide fused silica focusing head are provided in the inlet path; the photothermal decoupling structure includes a dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer, a transparent light and heat guiding component, and a through-type ventilation and heat dissipation structure.

3. The static concentrated photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light guide cavity or mixing cavity return and recirculation structure adopts the form of a mixing cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module. The mixing cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module includes a bottom-guided fused silica light guide, a mixing cavity, an arc-shaped return cavity refocusing component, an inlet cavity refocusing component, an arc-shaped obliquely downward recirculation reflective bottom structure, and a wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure. The bottom-guided fused silica light guide introduces the light into the mixing cavity, and the arc-shaped return cavity refocusing component, the inlet cavity refocusing component, the arc-shaped obliquely downward recirculation reflective bottom structure, and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure together constitute the reflection and return boundary.

4. The static concentrated photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light guide cavity or mixing cavity return and return structure adopts the form of a light guide cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module. The light guide cavity photovoltaic integrated sub-module includes a light guide strip core, an outer protective layer of the light guide strip, and a wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure disposed on both sides and / or the bottom of the light guide strip. The light guide strip core transmits the introduced light along the cavity direction to the three-dimensional light receiving structure, and the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure reflects the light passing through the photovoltaic light receiving and power generation component back into the cavity to form multiple re-incident utilization.

5. The static concentrated photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional light-receiving structure includes a central photovoltaic suspension frame structure and a photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating component disposed on the outer surface and / or inner wall of the cavity of the central photovoltaic suspension frame structure. The central photovoltaic suspension frame structure is provided with through-type ventilation and heat dissipation holes to form a heat dissipation path through the central photovoltaic suspension frame structure, so that the heat generated by the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating component during the light-receiving process can be quickly discharged along the path.

6. The static concentrated photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating module is a flexible photovoltaic film assembly, which includes a surface encapsulation layer, a low refractive index hydrophobic top coating, an ultrathin subwavelength micro-nano moth-eye anti-reflection structure, and a photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer. A refractive guiding micron-level textured adhesive layer and an ultrathin subwavelength micro-nano moth-eye anti-reflection structure are provided on the incident side and / or the back side of the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer.

7. The static concentrated photovoltaic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer includes a transparent electrode, a hole transport layer, a top junction absorption layer, an electron transport layer, a transparent intermediate layer, an optical coupling layer, a front electrode, a window layer, a buffer layer, a long-wavelength absorption enhancement layer, a bottom junction absorption layer, a selective back reflection layer, a back electrode, and a virtual edge strip; wherein, the transparent intermediate layer is used to realize the connection and / or isolation between the top junction absorption layer and the bottom junction absorption layer, and the selective back reflection layer is used to selectively reflect the transmitted light back to the photovoltaic light-receiving and power-generating film layer.

8. The static concentrated photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a multi-spectral LED supplementary lighting assembly, which is set at independent supplementary lighting inlets on both sides of the solar inlet cavity. In the supplementary lighting state, the multi-spectral LED supplementary lighting beads supplement the matching spectral light flux into the light guide cavity or mixing cavity. In the non-supplementary lighting state, the LED reflector cup serves as the reflection and return boundary.

9. The static concentrated photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heat sink fin structure, a thermoelectric power generation module, a pluggable rear air intake filter, a cooling fan exhaust port, and a cooling fan. The thermoelectric power generation module is electrically connected to the cooling fan to use heat to drive the cooling fan and / or enhance ventilation and heat dissipation in auxiliary power supply mode.

10. The static concentrated photovoltaic system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner surface of the arc-shaped downward-sloping backflow reflective bottom structure and / or the wave-shaped channel reflective bottom structure is provided with a thermochromic layer or a phase change dimming layer.

11. An efficiency-enhancing cover plate module assembly for in-situ efficiency-enhancing retrofitting of existing planar photovoltaic assemblies, characterized in that, include: A structural multi-level concentrating link assembly is disposed above the existing planar photovoltaic assembly; A transparent light-guiding and heat-guiding component disposed downstream of the structural multi-stage focusing link assembly; A light mixing cavity is disposed below the transparent light guiding and heat conducting component, and the light mixing cavity has a reflection and feedback boundary. A heat-conducting and flow-guiding structural component is provided in thermal cooperation with the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component; And a natural convection heat transfer channel formed below the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component and between the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly; wherein, the introduced light beam is laterally broadened and local heat peaks are reduced by the transparent light-guiding and heat-conducting component before entering the light mixing cavity and irradiating the existing planar photovoltaic assembly; the heat-conducting and flow-guiding structure cooperates with the natural convection heat transfer channel to disperse and export some of the heat; the reflection and return boundary is used to return the light that was not absorbed in the first stage in the light mixing cavity and guide it again to the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly.

12. The enhanced cover plate assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that, The light mixing cavity is defined by the area below the transparent light guiding and heat guiding component, the area enclosed by the arc-shaped downward-facing backflow reflective bottom structure, the boundary area of ​​the surface of the heat guiding and flow guiding structure facing the inner side of the light mixing cavity, and the area above the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly. The arc-shaped downward-facing backflow reflective bottom structure is used to press down and return light with a lateral outward tendency, and the surface of the heat guiding and flow guiding structure facing the inner side of the light mixing cavity is used to return and lock light near the upper part and / or the upper side boundary of the light mixing cavity.

13. The enhanced cover plate assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that, The natural convection heat exchange channel has a controlled air inlet at the bottom and a controlled exhaust outlet at the top. The controlled air inlet and / or the controlled exhaust outlet are equipped with a filter structure and a labyrinthine water-blocking structure. A wind-guiding horn is provided on the inlet side of the natural convection heat exchange channel. The natural convection heat exchange channel has a vertical height H, which is defined as the distance between the bottom surface of the efficiency-enhancing cover plate assembly and the light-receiving surface of the existing planar photovoltaic assembly.

14. The enhanced cover plate assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that, The structural multi-stage focusing link assembly includes a linear Fresnel lens, a variable pitch sawtooth microprism reflective structure, and an inlet optical guide fused silica focusing head. The outer layer of the linear Fresnel lens and / or the outer layer of the inlet optical guide fused silica focusing head are covered with a dichroic cold mirror type two-phase selective film layer.

15. The enhanced cover plate assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that, The transparent light-guiding and heat-guiding component is a transparent ceramic light-guiding and heat-guiding sheet, a fused silica light-guiding and heat-guiding sheet, or a quartz glass light-guiding and heat-guiding sheet. The heat-guiding and flow-guiding structure is an aluminum alloy local flow-guiding and heat-dissipating groove, a copper flow-guiding and heat-dissipating groove, or a graphite-based heat-guiding and flow-guiding component.

16. The enhanced cover plate assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that, Multiple of the aforementioned efficiency-enhancing cover plate assemblies are modularly arranged and covered along the existing planar photovoltaic assembly length direction. The thermally conductive and flow-guiding structural components are continuously arranged along the length direction of each unit, and the natural convection heat exchange channels extend continuously along the length direction. The thermally conductive and flow-guiding structural components extend continuously along the module array direction towards the boundary region of the surface of the inner side of the mixing cavity, so as to form a continuous reflection and feedback boundary on the upper part and / or the upper side of the mixing cavity.

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