Loudspeaker protection control method, electronic equipment and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a horn protection control method, electronic equipment and a vehicle, when a user controls a horn switch, according to the use habit of the user, the control type can be divided into long-press control and continuous-press control, for the long-press control, the continuous working duration of a horn is represented by determining the continuous duration of a low-level signal, and the continuous working duration of the horn is represented by determining the continuous duration of a low-level signal; according to the method, the current loudspeaker temperature and the duration are monitored, the loudspeaker is protected and controlled according to the current loudspeaker temperature and the duration, the maximum buzzing duration which can be allowed before an overheating risk is predicted by monitoring the current loudspeaker temperature, the duration is limited through the maximum buzzing duration to ensure that the loudspeaker is not damaged due to overheating caused by continuous buzzing, and overheating protection control over the loudspeaker is automatically achieved. For continuous pressing control, the influence degree of continuous pressing on heating of the loudspeaker needs to be measured through the effective duty ratio of a low-level signal, and when the loudspeaker can be overheated, continuous pressing control simulation is converted into long pressing control, so that overheat protection for continuous pressing control is achieved, and the accident risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle protection and control technology, and in particular to a horn protection and control method, electronic equipment, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of a vehicle's active safety system, the reliability of vehicle warning horns directly impacts road safety. However, the widely used mechanical cone horns have significant technical flaws; prolonged continuous blaring can cause the horn's internal components to overheat, not only losing their warning function but also becoming a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to propose a protection control method, electronic equipment and vehicle for a horn, which performs protection control based on the real-time monitoring of the current horn temperature and the duration of continuous operation of the horn, so as to avoid overheating damage caused by prolonged continuous use of the horn.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a protection and control method for a loudspeaker, comprising: In response to detecting a user's control operation on the horn switch, the control type of the control operation is determined; In response to the control type being long press control, the duration of the low-level signal corresponding to the long press control is determined, and the speaker is protected based on the current speaker temperature and the duration. In response to the control type being continuous press control, the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal corresponding to the continuous press control is determined, and the mode switching control of the control type is performed based on the current speaker temperature and the effective duty cycle.

[0005] Optionally, the step of protecting the horn based on the current horn temperature and the duration includes: In response to the current horn temperature being greater than or equal to the preset maximum safe temperature, the horn power supply is turned off. In response to the current horn temperature being lower than the maximum safe temperature, a current temperature range is determined based on the current horn temperature, and the horn is protected based on the duration and the current temperature range.

[0006] Optionally, the step of protecting the horn based on the duration and the current temperature range includes: Determine the maximum time limit and the maximum temperature limit corresponding to the current temperature range; The system performs overheat protection control based on the maximum limit duration and the duration of operation, and performs jump protection control based on the maximum limit temperature and the real-time horn temperature during the overheat protection control process.

[0007] Optionally, the overheat protection control based on the maximum limited duration and the duration includes: In response to the duration being less than the maximum limit duration, the speaker power is turned off when the duration is equal to the maximum limit duration, thereby limiting the power supply and determining the power outage duration. The minimum cooling time is determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off. In response to the power outage duration being greater than or equal to the minimum cooling duration, the power-on restriction is lifted, and the speaker power is turned on when a user feedback control operation is detected.

[0008] Optionally, the step of performing jump protection control based on the maximum limiting temperature and the real-time horn temperature during the overheat protection control process includes: In response to the real-time horn temperature being greater than the maximum limit temperature, the current temperature range is replaced with a real-time temperature range corresponding to the real-time horn temperature. The duration is reset to zero to obtain a new duration; Overheat protection is performed based on the new duration and the real-time maximum limit duration of the real-time temperature range.

[0009] Optionally, after the speaker power is turned off, the following also includes: Detect the user's feedback control operation on the horn switch, and determine the current control requirement based on the feedback control operation; Since the current control requirement is a normal control requirement, the feedback control operation is ignored, and a high temperature warning is issued by the loudspeaker. In response to the current control requirement being an emergency control requirement, the power supply restriction is ignored, the horn power is turned on according to the preset forced start command, and the horn sounds according to the feedback control operation.

[0010] Optionally, determining the current control requirement based on the feedback control operation includes: The number of times the low-level signal is triggered is determined within a preset detection time based on the feedback control operation. In response to the number of triggers being greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the emergency control request is determined as the current control request; In response to the number of triggers being less than a preset threshold, the regular control requirement is determined as the current control requirement.

[0011] Optionally, the mode switching control based on the current horn temperature and the effective duty cycle includes: In response to the current speaker temperature being less than the preset maximum safe temperature and the effective duty cycle being greater than the preset duty cycle threshold, the control type is changed from continuous press control to simulated long press control, and the maximum limit duration corresponding to the temperature range is updated.

[0012] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the processor implements the method described above when executing the computer program.

[0013] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a vehicle including the electronic equipment described above.

[0014] As can be seen from the above, the horn protection control method, electronic device, and vehicle provided in this application, when detecting a user's control operation on the horn switch, determine the control type of the control operation; when the control type is long-press control, determine the duration of the low-level signal corresponding to the long-press control, and perform protection control on the horn based on the current horn temperature and duration; when the control type is continuous-press control, determine the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal corresponding to the continuous-press control, and perform mode conversion control of the control type based on the current horn temperature and effective duty cycle. When the user controls the horn switch, the control type can be divided into long-press control and continuous-press control according to the user's usage habits. For long-press control, the duration of the low-level signal is determined to characterize the continuous working time of the horn, and protection control is performed on the horn based on the current horn temperature and duration. By monitoring the current horn temperature, the maximum allowable beeping time before the risk of overheating is predicted, and the maximum beeping time limits the duration to ensure that the horn will not be damaged by overheating due to continuous beeping, thus automatically realizing the overheat protection control of the horn. For continuous press control, the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal is used to measure the impact of continuous press on speaker heating. When it can cause the speaker to overheat, the continuous press control is simulated to be converted into long press control to achieve overheat protection for continuous press control and reduce the risk of accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the protection control method for a loudspeaker according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the protection control of the loudspeaker according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protection control device for the loudspeaker according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0019] In this article, it is important to understand that any number of elements in the accompanying figures is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, and any naming is for distinction only and has no limiting meaning.

[0020] Based on the above background description, the following situations also exist in the related technologies: In the automotive industry, vehicle warning horns (such as mechanical cone horns) are critical components for ensuring driving safety, widely used to alert pedestrians or other vehicles to give way. However, related technologies have significant drawbacks: when the horn switch remains continuously engaged due to mechanical sticking, electrical faults, or environmental factors (such as humidity or dust accumulation), the horn will sound for an extended period. Design specifications for vehicle-mounted high and low frequency horns only support continuous engagement for less than 5 minutes (300 seconds). Exceeding this limit can easily lead to overheating and burn-out of the internal coil, causing component damage and even fire hazards. Statistics show that approximately 5%-10% of vehicle malfunctions involve electronic system abnormalities, with switch sticking accounting for over 30% of horn failures. Related technologies rely on manual operation or simple circuit protection, lacking intelligent detection mechanisms to automatically interrupt abnormal honking when there is an overheating risk, severely impacting driving safety and equipment lifespan.

[0021] When the horn switch is stuck or malfunctioning, it can cause the switch to remain on for an extended period, resulting in continuous horn blaring. This can cause the internal electronic components of the horn (such as the coil and contacts) to overheat and burn out. If a vehicle horn blares abnormally for more than 5 minutes, it increases the risk of an accident if the driver is unaware of the horn's operation.

[0022] The horn protection control method, electronic device, and vehicle provided in this application, when detecting a user's control operation on the horn switch, determine the control type of the control operation; when the control type is long-press control, determine the duration of the low-level signal corresponding to the long-press control, and perform horn protection control based on the current horn temperature and duration; when the control type is continuous-press control, determine the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal corresponding to the continuous-press control, and perform mode switching control of the control type based on the current horn temperature and effective duty cycle. When the user controls the horn switch, the control type can be divided into long-press control and continuous-press control according to the user's usage habits. For long-press control, the duration of the low-level signal is determined to characterize the continuous working time of the horn, and horn protection control is performed based on the current horn temperature and duration. By monitoring the current horn temperature, the maximum allowable beeping time before the risk of overheating is predicted, and the maximum beeping time limits the duration to ensure that the horn will not be damaged by overheating due to continuous beeping, thus automatically realizing horn overheat protection control. For continuous press control, the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal is used to measure the impact of continuous press on speaker heating. When it can cause the speaker to overheat, the continuous press control is simulated to be converted into long press control to achieve overheat protection for continuous press control and reduce the risk of accidents.

[0023] The following describes in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the protection and control method for the loudspeaker provided by the embodiments of this application.

[0024] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a protection control method for a loudspeaker includes: Step 101: In response to detecting a user's control operation on the horn switch, determine the control type of the control operation.

[0025] In practice, there are multiple ways for users to control the vehicle horn, which can be flexibly selected according to user needs and vehicle configuration. The most common and classic method is to press the horn switch area on the steering wheel with the horn symbol, such as the horn button or horn switch. This is the most basic and commonly used method, applicable to all vehicles. Some smart vehicles can also use the horn control on the central control screen to achieve horn control. A few vehicles also support horn control via mobile terminals or smart keys. This application embodiment uses pressing the area with the horn symbol on the steering wheel as an example for illustration.

[0026] Users typically control the horn switch by pressing it continuously for a sustained horn sound, pressing it once for a single horn sound, or pressing it repeatedly for multiple consecutive horn sounds. These different usage habits have varying impacts on horn overheating. Single, large-interval presses generally do not pose an overheating risk, while repeated, short-interval presses and long presses can lead to insufficient heat dissipation during horn operation, resulting in overheating and potential malfunctions such as switch sticking. Switch sticking manifests as a long press, causing the horn to sound continuously and uncontrollably.

[0027] A long press (continuous beeping) causes the speaker temperature to rise much faster than repeated presses. Therefore, after detecting user control operations on the speaker switch, the type of control operation must first be determined. The principle of speaker sound production is that electrical energy generates a magnetic field through a coil, driving the diaphragm to vibrate. In this process, most of the energy is converted into sound, but a small portion is inevitably converted into heat (coil resistance and mechanical friction, etc.). For a long press (continuous beeping), current continuously flows through the speaker coil, generating heat continuously. Although the speaker has some heat dissipation capacity, the rate of heat dissipation is far slower than the rate of continuous heat generation. Heat accumulates rapidly, and the temperature rises quickly. If the press is held for too long, the speaker will overheat.

[0028] The continuous press control (intermittent beeping) only energizes the coil momentarily upon pressing, generating heat intermittently. During the intervals between presses, while no new heat is generated, the speaker's metal components and the air continuously dissipate the existing heat. The heat has ample time to dissipate, resulting in a very slow overall temperature rise, potentially maintaining a stable, low temperature. However, if the intervals between presses are too short, heat cannot dissipate effectively, leading to heat buildup and potentially overheating and damage.

[0029] Therefore, different control strategies should be adopted for long-press control and continuous-press control. For long-press control, the duration of the horn sound directly affects the horn temperature, so a maximum limit duration is used as the safety upper limit for the most severe condition of "continuous pressing". The higher the current horn temperature, the shorter this maximum limit duration should be, because the damage caused by heat accumulation at high temperatures is greater, making it easier to reach the maximum safe temperature allowed by the horn material and increasing the risk of overheating damage. Therefore, forced cooling is needed to avoid overheating damage to the vehicle. Forced cooling is achieved by setting a corresponding cooling time, which is precisely to simulate the intermittent cooling effect of "point pressing". After the horn power is forcibly turned off, the horn begins to dissipate heat. The recommended cooling time is to allow the horn to dissipate the accumulated heat with minimal impact on normal use, just like during point pressing, in order to avoid overheating damage.

[0030] Tap-to-click is the normal usage mode. The probability of a user continuously beeping for more than 30 seconds during normal vehicle use is less than 0.1%. Tap-to-click is the main usage scenario during normal vehicle use. As long as the interval between continuous presses is sufficient, heat dissipation can be achieved effectively, preventing overheating. Only when the interval between consecutive presses is very short, there is insufficient time for heat dissipation. This can be considered a weakened long-press control, where the maximum duration is relaxed to achieve corresponding protective control and avoid overheating damage. Therefore, for continuous press control, it is necessary to determine whether the interval between multiple presses can achieve effective heat dissipation. This can be judged by the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal.

[0031] Step 102: In response to the control type being long press control, determine the duration of the low-level signal corresponding to the long press control, and perform protection control on the speaker based on the current speaker temperature and duration.

[0032] In practice, a temperature sensor (such as a thermistor) can be installed inside the speaker to detect the current speaker temperature and the real-time speaker temperature.

[0033] The core objective of this application is to prevent the horn from overheating due to continuous power supply. Therefore, the primary concern is the problem of abnormal heat generation caused by continuous honking. The greatest threat is a stuck switch or the driver holding the horn down for an extended period. In such cases, the duty cycle of the low-frequency signal controlling the horn's honking is 100% (continuously low level), causing heat to accumulate rapidly and leading to overheating and damage. This threat can be addressed by monitoring the duration of the low-level signal.

[0034] The duration of the low-level signal indicates the actual duration of the speaker's continuous beeping. The current temperature range of the speaker determines the maximum allowed duration, which serves as the safety upper limit for the most severe operating condition of long-press control. The higher the current speaker temperature, the shorter this maximum allowed duration, because heat accumulation at high temperatures is more destructive, making it easier to reach the maximum safe temperature allowed by the speaker material, increasing the risk of overheating damage, and shortening the time the speaker can safely operate continuously. Therefore, when the duration reaches the maximum allowed duration, the speaker power is turned off, stopping the beeping to allow for heat dissipation and prevent overheating damage. Simultaneously, a timer is started to determine the power-off duration. Different ambient temperatures correspond to different cooling rates, resulting in different power-off cooling times and different minimum cooling times required to return to a safe temperature. If the power-off cooling time is less than the minimum cooling time, the speaker is prohibited from responding to the control command again to ensure it does not overheat and is not damaged, while minimizing the impact on the user. Only when the power outage duration is greater than or equal to the minimum cooling time can the horn power be turned on in response to the user's control operation, thereby controlling the horn to sound, restoring the horn's normal function, protecting the horn, automatically avoiding overheating damage, and minimizing the impact on the user's usage needs.

[0035] Meanwhile, if the horn temperature rises and jumps to another temperature range before the duration reaches the maximum limit, the duration will be reset to zero to ensure control accuracy. The duration will then be re-limited based on the maximum limit of the new temperature range, thus improving the accuracy of overheat protection.

[0036] Step 103: In response to the control type being continuous press control, determine the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal corresponding to continuous press control, and perform mode switching control of the control type based on the current speaker temperature and the effective duty cycle.

[0037] In practical implementation, if the control type is continuous press control, it's necessary to determine whether continuous press control will cause the speaker to overheat based on the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal corresponding to the continuous press control. The effective duty cycle is the proportion of the total signal cycle to the duration of the low-level signal that triggers the horn to sound. For example, the effective duty cycle is 100% for long press control. If the signal cycle is 1000 milliseconds and the low-level signal is 300 milliseconds, the effective duty cycle is 30%. Within each signal cycle, the horn's sounding time is significantly less than the cooling time, generally preventing the speaker from overheating and eliminating the need for overheat protection. If the signal period is 1000 milliseconds and the low-level signal is 800 milliseconds, the effective duty cycle is 80%. Within each signal period, the time the horn sounds is significantly longer than the cooling time, which is close to a long press control. The heat inside the horn is difficult to dissipate, and there is still a risk of overheating and damage. Therefore, the continuous press control is converted to an analog long press control. Because compared to long press control, the large duty cycle still has a certain cooling gap, so it takes longer to reach the maximum safe temperature. Therefore, after converting to an analog long press signal, it is also necessary to amplify the maximum limit duration corresponding to the temperature range to ensure the accuracy of control.

[0038] In summary, the horn protection control method provided in this application allows for two control types based on user habits when the user controls the horn switch: long-press control and continuous-press control. For long-press control, the duration of the low-level signal is used to characterize the continuous operating time of the horn. Protective control is implemented based on the current horn temperature and duration. By monitoring the current horn temperature, the maximum allowable beeping duration before overheating is predicted. Limiting the duration by the maximum beeping duration ensures that continuous beeping will not cause overheating damage to the horn, automatically achieving overheat protection control. For continuous-press control, the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal is used to measure the impact of continuous pressing on horn heating. When overheating is likely, the continuous-press control is simulated and converted to long-press control to achieve overheat protection for continuous-press control, reducing the risk of accidents.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the horn is protected based on its current temperature and duration, including: Step 201: In response to the current speaker temperature being greater than or equal to the preset maximum safe temperature, turn off the speaker power supply.

[0040] In practice, the maximum safe temperature is the temperature at which the speaker material undergoes thermal deformation. If the current speaker temperature is greater than or equal to the preset maximum safe temperature (e.g., 85°C), it indicates that there is a risk of thermal deformation in the critical materials inside the speaker. The speaker power supply needs to be turned off immediately to cool the speaker. At the same time, normal speaker beeping control should be prohibited to ensure sufficient cooling time for the speaker to function normally in subsequent processes.

[0041] Step 202: In response to the current horn temperature being lower than the maximum safe temperature, determine the current temperature range based on the current horn temperature, and perform protective control on the horn based on the duration and the current temperature range.

[0042] In practice, since the speaker's temperature will frequently change due to its use and natural cooling caused by ambient temperature, a temperature range is selected for corresponding protection control. Different control strategies are used for different temperature ranges, as detailed below: First Temperature Range: For the first temperature range where the speaker temperature T ≥ 85℃, the upper limit of the operating temperature of the internal materials of the speaker is 80℃. Considering design redundancy, exceeding 85℃ exceeds the material's safety limit, posing a risk of melting and insulation failure. Therefore, the maximum safe temperature of 85℃ is defined as an absolute safety red line that cannot be infringed upon. The core basis for this is the heat distortion temperature and electrical insulation class of the key internal materials of the speaker (such as coil insulation varnish, plastic frame, and shell). When the temperature exceeds 85℃, the mechanical strength of engineering plastics (such as PA66 and PBT) will decrease sharply, and the risk of softening and deformation is extremely high. More importantly, the insulation performance of the enameled wire insulation varnish will deteriorate rapidly at this temperature, easily leading to inter-turn short circuits. Once a short circuit occurs, the local current will increase dramatically, triggering a "thermal runaway" effect. The temperature will soar within seconds, ultimately causing the coil to burn out (open circuit) or even cause a fire. Therefore, the control strategy at this time adopts the highest priority "fuse" mechanism, which must immediately cut off the speaker power supply, and prohibit any form of restart except forced restart, to prevent catastrophic and irreversible hardware damage. Meanwhile, the minimum cooling time is determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off. This is because the greater the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the speaker temperature, the higher the heat exchange efficiency between the speaker and the environment, resulting in higher cooling efficiency and a faster drop in speaker temperature. Conversely, the higher the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time.

[0043] The second temperature range: For the horn temperature within the second temperature range of 80℃ ≤ T < 85℃, this is considered a high-temperature operating zone. Although it hasn't reached the storage limit, prolonged power-on can easily lead to softening of the internal adhesives and aging of the coil insulation. A 10-second maximum operating time limit is provided as a safety buffer. The protective control strategy has shifted from preventing immediate hardware damage to inhibiting accelerated material aging. This is based on Arrhenius's law, which states that for every 10℃ increase in temperature, the rate of chemical reactions (in this case, the material aging rate) approximately doubles. At temperatures above 80℃, the polymer chains of the coil insulation varnish and any adhesives present internally will rapidly decompose and become brittle due to thermo-oxidative aging. The 10-second maximum operating time limit is not for routine operation but a critical safety redundancy design, intended to allow the driver to issue a final, extremely brief warning in a critical emergency (such as collision avoidance). This time window is strictly limited to ensure it doesn't trigger a further critical temperature jump, after which the system is forced into a cooling period, designed to pull the horn back from the high-risk aging range. In the protection control process, the minimum cooling time is determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off. This is because the greater the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the horn temperature, the higher the heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, resulting in higher cooling efficiency and a faster temperature drop in the horn. Conversely, the higher the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time.

[0044] The third temperature range: For the horn temperature of 75℃ ≤ T < 80℃, this is a medium-high temperature range where plastic parts begin to age faster. A 20-second continuous use time is set as the maximum limit to ensure no cumulative thermal damage during continuous horn use (such as in traffic jams). This is based on the fatigue damage accumulation theory. The core objective of the protection control strategy at this point is to prevent the superposition of thermal and mechanical damage caused by frequent, intermittent horn use in specific usage scenarios (such as frequent horn use in traffic jams). Although a single horn blast may only last a few seconds, at a base temperature above 75℃, each power-on introduces additional heat input and material stress. If the interval is insufficient for a sufficient temperature drop, heat and aging effects will accumulate. Therefore, when implementing protection control, the minimum cooling time needs to be determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off. The greater the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the horn temperature, the higher the heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, resulting in higher cooling efficiency and a faster temperature drop. The higher the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time. For example, a minimum cooling time of 30 seconds. A "thermal recovery cycle" is formed by a maximum limiting duration of 20 seconds and a forced cooling time of up to 30 seconds. This cycle is designed to break the heat accumulation loop and ensure that the speaker has enough time to cool down to a safer level after a period of high-intensity use, thereby ensuring its long-term reliability.

[0045] Fourth Temperature Range: For the fourth temperature range where the horn temperature is 70℃ ≤ T < 75℃, the horn temperature is close to the rated operating upper limit (80℃), but can still support short-term continuous or high-frequency use. This is based on the concept of engineering design margin. The 80℃ rated operating upper limit typically includes a safety margin (e.g., 10-15%). The 70-75℃ temperature range is considered a "warning zone" or "intervention trigger threshold." Here, the purpose of protective controls is not to respond to immediate danger, but to implement preventative protection. The maximum limiting duration is increased to 30 seconds (the lower the current horn temperature, the longer the maximum limiting duration). This 30-second maximum limiting duration is a carefully calculated value, sufficient to cover most continuous horn-honking scenarios under standard operating conditions and regulatory requirements (such as long warnings during overtaking), while ensuring that the horn temperature does not reach a truly dangerous zone after the horn is sounded. This is a forward-looking strategy that strikes a balance between performance availability and long-term reliability. Once the maximum cooling duration is reached, the minimum cooling time needs to be determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off. This is because the greater the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the speaker temperature, the higher the heat exchange efficiency between the speaker and the environment, resulting in higher cooling efficiency and a faster temperature drop in the speaker. Conversely, the higher the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time will be.

[0046] Fifth Temperature Range: In the fifth temperature range, where the horn temperature is 65℃ ≤ T < 70℃, the current horn temperature is close to the upper limit of the ambient temperature, bordering on normal operating conditions. While longer horn usage is permissible, it still needs to be limited to avoid heat buildup. Within this range, the horn is on the edge of its normal operating range, potentially due to higher ambient temperatures or recent use. The protection control strategy focuses on preventing the onset of heat buildup. The maximum 45-second limit provides users with considerable flexibility to meet longer warning needs (such as alerting pedestrians or vehicles at a distance). However, the system still imposes a limit here, indicating its logic: as long as the temperature exceeds a certain baseline (65℃ in this case), continuous operating time must be managed, even if the risk is low. After the maximum limit is reached, a minimum cooling time needs to be determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off. A greater temperature difference between the ambient and horn temperatures results in higher heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, leading to faster cooling and a quicker temperature drop. A higher initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off requires dissipating more heat and a longer cooling time.

[0047] The sixth temperature range: This range covers the horn temperature between 60℃ and T < 65℃. At this temperature, the current horn temperature is stable within a safe range, and 60 seconds is the maximum allowed duration. Vehicle horns are typically defined as "short-duty" or "intermittent" devices, not devices capable of continuous operation indefinitely. The 60-second setting references the maximum safe continuous operating time defined in the product specification or relevant testing standards. This range represents the core operating area of ​​the horn design, achieving a good balance between heat dissipation and heat generation. 60 seconds is designated as the "maximum recommended value for daily use," meaning this value is a verified, recommended upper limit for a single blast while ensuring lifespan and performance. It aims to guide and regulate user behavior, avoiding unnecessary prolonged blasts. After reaching the maximum allowed duration, a minimum cooling time needs to be determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off. A greater temperature difference between the ambient and horn temperatures results in higher heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, leading to faster cooling and a quicker temperature drop. The higher the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time will be.

[0048] Seventh Temperature Range: Within the seventh temperature range (50℃ ≤ T < 60℃), the horn temperature is moderate, allowing for extended horn use (e.g., emergency avoidance), but continuous use should still be avoided. At this temperature, horn heat dissipation is excellent, with extremely low thermal risk. Therefore, the system strategy prioritizes functional availability, especially in emergency situations. The extended 90-second operating time provides ample support for scenarios requiring prolonged warnings (e.g., continuous alerting of surrounding vehicles during emergency avoidance). This strategy reflects the hierarchical nature of safety design: provided the hardware itself is safe, active safety (vehicle warning function) takes precedence over component protection. However, the longer maximum operating time also reflects a commitment to good usage habits. After reaching the maximum operating time, a minimum cooling time needs to be determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off. A greater temperature difference between the ambient and horn temperatures results in higher heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, leading to faster cooling and a quicker temperature drop. A higher initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off requires dissipating more heat and a longer cooling time.

[0049] Eighth Temperature Range: For the eighth temperature range where the horn temperature is 40℃ ≤ T < 50℃, the horn temperature is considered normal, with low thermal stress, allowing for a longer horn duration, but heat accumulation still needs to be prevented. At normal temperature, the horn's heat generation is far less than its heat dissipation capacity. The 120-second maximum duration limit is not primarily for overheat prevention, but rather serves as a fault-tolerant mechanism. This time far exceeds any reasonable normal usage requirement; its significance lies in providing a buffer period while monitoring temperature changes, preventing immediate misjudgment and horn disabling due to a momentary normal temperature when a switch sticks. If the temperature rises with prolonged honking, it is verified as a fault, and the system will shut down after the time limit expires. This is an intelligent fault diagnosis logic. The protection control strategy determines the minimum cooling time based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off after the maximum duration limit is reached. This is because the greater the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the horn temperature, the higher the heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, resulting in higher cooling efficiency and a faster horn temperature drop. The higher the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time will be.

[0050] Ninth Temperature Range: The ninth temperature range, where the horn temperature is 30℃ ≤ T < 40℃, represents ideal operating conditions, close to the standard test environment (15-30℃). This range can support durations close to continuous horn testing, but a protection mechanism is still required. The standard test environment temperature for many vehicle electronic components is around 23℃ or 25℃. This temperature range is considered the "golden range" for verifying product performance. The maximum limit of 180 seconds likely directly matches or exceeds the industry standard (such as GB 15742) requirements for continuous horn blasting time. The significance of the protection control strategy here is to demonstrate that the product possesses excellent reliability and durability under ideal conditions, capable of withstanding verification tests under extreme conditions. Maintaining the protection mechanism reflects the completeness of the system design, meaning that "the protection logic must be effective under any conditions." Similarly, the protection control strategy determines the minimum cooling time after the maximum limit is reached, based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off. This is because the greater the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the horn temperature, the higher the heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, resulting in higher cooling efficiency and a faster horn temperature drop. The higher the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time will be.

[0051] The tenth temperature range: For the horn temperature within the tenth temperature range of 20℃ ≤ T < 30℃, this is the optimal heat dissipation scenario. Under this range, there is a maximum cooling time limit of 240 seconds (4 minutes). Its core purpose is to prevent extremely rare but possible abnormal usage scenarios or malfunctions such as children accidentally pressing the switch for an extended period, or objects accidentally jamming the switch while the vehicle is parked. Under optimal heat dissipation conditions, although the horn is less prone to overheating, there is still a risk of overheating damage even with indefinite power-on. The protection control strategy here sets up a final safety barrier for these extremely low-probability events. The larger maximum cooling time limit reflects the conservative design principle in engineering, considering all possibilities and usage scenarios to ensure absolute safety. Similarly, after the maximum cooling time limit is reached, the protection control strategy determines the minimum cooling time based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off. This is because the greater the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the horn temperature, the higher the heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, resulting in higher cooling efficiency and a faster temperature drop in the horn. The higher the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time.

[0052] Eleventh Temperature Range: For the eleventh temperature range (T < 20℃), which is a low-temperature environment, heat dissipation is rapid, but the brittleness of the plastic increases. Therefore, time limits are still necessary to avoid mechanical fatigue and electrothermal coupling damage. At low temperatures, the toughness of engineering plastics decreases, and brittleness increases. Although heat dissipation is rapid, the mechanical stress on moving parts such as the diaphragm is amplified due to the material's increased brittleness during frequent start-stop vibrations. The maximum time limit of 300 seconds is primarily to prevent fatigue cracks or fractures in plastic parts caused by prolonged mechanical vibration (electrothermal coupling damage) in extremely low-temperature environments. This indicates that the protection system considers not only thermal failure but also mechanical fatigue failure modes, and its design considerations cover the entire temperature range. Similarly, the protection control strategy, after reaching the maximum time limit, needs to determine the minimum cooling time based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off. This is because the greater the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the horn temperature, the higher the heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, resulting in higher cooling efficiency and a faster temperature drop in the horn. The higher the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time will be.

[0053] Therefore, the current temperature range corresponding to the current horn temperature determines the maximum duration of the signal limit. The maximum duration indicates the maximum time the horn is allowed to sound continuously at this time, and the duration of the low-level signal indicates the duration the horn switch is closed, which is the actual duration the horn has been sounding continuously. Therefore, after determining the current temperature range based on the current horn temperature, it is necessary to implement protective control for the horn based on the duration and the current temperature range.

[0054] In some embodiments, the horn is protected based on the duration and the current temperature range, including: Determine the maximum duration and maximum temperature limit corresponding to the current temperature range; Overheat protection control is performed based on the maximum limit duration and duration, and jump protection control is performed based on the maximum limit temperature and the real-time horn temperature during the overheat protection control process.

[0055] In practice, each current temperature range corresponds to a maximum time limit. The lower the current horn temperature, the longer the maximum time limit is, because there is more room for potential temperature increases. The maximum time limit is the upper boundary temperature of the current temperature range.

[0056] The overheat protection control, based on the maximum limiting duration and duration, includes: In response to a duration less than the maximum limit duration, the speaker power is turned off when the duration equals the maximum limit duration, thus limiting the power supply and determining the power outage duration. The minimum cooling time is determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off. In response to a power outage duration greater than or equal to the minimum cooling duration, the power-on restriction is lifted, and the horn power is switched on when a user feedback control operation is detected.

[0057] In practice, forced cooling is not required if the duration is less than the maximum limit. Forced cooling is only necessary when the duration equals the maximum limit, reaching the maximum usability limit within the current temperature range. This is achieved by shutting off the speaker power and simultaneously limiting power on / off to prevent the temperature from rising again before reaching the target value. The duration of the power outage is used to determine whether forced cooling is complete, minimizing disruption to the user experience.

[0058] The greater the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the horn temperature, the higher the heat exchange efficiency between the horn and the environment, resulting in higher cooling efficiency and a faster temperature drop in the horn. The higher the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off, the more heat needs to be dissipated, and the longer the cooling time. Therefore, the minimum cooling time needs to be determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the horn power is turned off. For example, a pre-established three-dimensional map table of ambient temperature - initial temperature - cooling time can be used to determine the corresponding minimum cooling time. When the power-off time is greater than or equal to the minimum cooling time, it is determined that the cooling process has been completed (e.g., the horn temperature has been reduced to the target temperature). The power-on restriction is then lifted, allowing the user to use the horn again. Upon detecting a user feedback control operation, the horn power is turned on, and the horn sounds, responding to the user's request to use the horn. The feedback control operation refers to the user's control action on the horn after the power is turned off.

[0059] The system includes trip protection control based on the maximum limiting temperature and the real-time horn temperature during the overheat protection control process, including: In response to the real-time horn temperature being greater than the maximum limit temperature, the current temperature range is replaced with the real-time temperature range corresponding to the real-time horn temperature. The duration is reset to zero to obtain a new duration; Overheat protection is implemented based on the new duration and the real-time maximum limit duration of the real-time temperature range.

[0060] In practice, although a maximum time limit is set for protection, the speaker temperature will continue to change with continuous use (most likely increasing, unless the ambient temperature is very low and the cooling rate is greater than the heating rate), causing the real-time speaker temperature to deviate from the current temperature range corresponding to the initial current speaker temperature. For example, if the initial current speaker temperature is 72℃, the corresponding current temperature range is the fourth temperature range (70℃ ≤ T < 75℃), and the maximum time limit is 30 seconds, if the speaker temperature does not exceed 75℃ after continuous use within 30 seconds, the speaker power can be turned off directly after 30 seconds of continuous use. If, after 5 seconds of use, the real-time horn temperature rises to 76℃, moving out of the fourth temperature range and into the fifth, the maximum allowed duration is 20 seconds. If the maximum allowed duration is not dynamically updated and protection is still based on a 30-second maximum allowed duration, the risk of horn overheating and damage increases. This is because the temperature rise changes the maximum allowed duration to 20 seconds. Subtracting the already calculated 5 seconds, only 25 seconds of allowed continuous horn operation remain, resulting in an extra 5 seconds of operating time and making the horn more prone to overheating. Therefore, the temperature range should be dynamically adjusted based on the real-time horn temperature to determine the maximum allowed duration, improving the accuracy of protection control. Simultaneously, after the temperature range transition, the duration needs to be reset to zero and the timing restarted to obtain a new duration. Overheat protection should then be implemented based on this new duration and the real-time maximum allowed duration of the current temperature range. The strategy of dynamically determining the maximum limit duration based on real-time horn temperature ensures the accuracy of overheat protection control and reduces the probability of horn overheating damage.

[0061] In one embodiment, after the horn power supply is turned off, the horn protection control method further includes: Detect the user's feedback control operation on the horn switch, and determine the current control requirements based on the feedback control operation; In response to the current control requirement being a routine control requirement, the feedback control operation is ignored, and a high-temperature warning is issued via horn. In response to an emergency control requirement, the power supply limitation is ignored, the horn power is turned on according to the preset forced start command, and the horn sounds according to the feedback control operation.

[0062] In practice, considering the existence of emergency situations that threaten user safety, users may need to use the horn to call for help or avoid danger. Therefore, it is necessary to retain the control strategy for users to use the horn in emergency situations. So after the horn power is turned off, the feedback control operation of the user's horn switch is detected, and the current control needs are determined based on the feedback control operation to determine whether the user has an emergency control need.

[0063] Among these, determining the current control requirements based on feedback control operations includes: The number of times the low-level signal is triggered is determined within a preset detection time based on the feedback control operation; In response to a trigger count greater than or equal to a preset threshold, an emergency control request is identified as the current control request. In response to a trigger count being less than a preset threshold, the regular control requirement is identified as the current control requirement.

[0064] In practice, the preset detection duration can be 2 seconds. The number of low-level signal triggers represents the number of times the user presses the horn switch (horn button) within 2 seconds. Taking a threshold of 3 triggers as an example, if the number of low-level signal triggers within 2 seconds is greater than or equal to the preset threshold (more than 3 times), it indicates a strong user need to use the horn. This emergency control requirement is then identified as the current control requirement, and the user's emergency need is given the highest priority. Power-on restrictions are ignored, and the horn power is turned on according to the preset forced start command. The horn then sounds according to feedback control operations to meet the user's need for horn use in an emergency. If the number of triggers within 2 seconds is less than 3, it indicates the user may only be using the horn normally, and this normal control requirement is identified as the current control requirement. Since the forced cooling zone protection control has been entered, feedback control operations are ignored, and a high-temperature warning for the horn is issued, prompting the user to wait for the horn to cool down before resuming control. By judging the emergency control requirement, the user's safety is ensured while preventing damage to the horn hardware.

[0065] In some embodiments, mode switching control based on the current horn temperature and effective duty cycle includes: In response to the current speaker temperature being lower than the preset maximum safe temperature and the effective duty cycle being greater than the preset duty cycle threshold, the control type is changed from continuous press control to simulated long press control, and the maximum limit duration corresponding to the temperature range is updated.

[0066] In practice, when the current speaker temperature is greater than or equal to the preset maximum safe temperature, all control operations except for the forced start command will be prohibited. Therefore, only when the current speaker temperature is less than the preset maximum safe temperature is it possible to switch from continuous press control to simulated long press control. In this case, it is necessary to determine whether continuous press control will cause the speaker to overheat based on the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal corresponding to the continuous press control. If overheating is likely, the control type will be switched from continuous press control to simulated long press control. For example, if the signal period is 1000 milliseconds and the low-level signal is 300 milliseconds, the effective duty cycle is 30%. Within each signal period, the time the speaker sounds is significantly less than the cooling time, and overheating is generally unlikely, so overheat protection is unnecessary. If the signal period is 1000 milliseconds and the low-level signal is 800 milliseconds, the effective duty cycle is 80%. Within each signal period, the horn's beeping time is significantly longer than the cooling time, closely resembling a long press control. The heat inside the horn is difficult to dissipate, posing a risk of overheating and damage. Therefore, the continuous press control is converted to simulate a long press control. Compared to a long press control, a larger duty cycle allows for a certain cooling gap, resulting in a longer time to reach the maximum safe temperature. After converting to a simulated long press signal, the maximum limit duration corresponding to the temperature range needs to be amplified to ensure control accuracy. The maximum limit duration can be statically amplified and updated based on a preset time difference, for example, increasing the maximum limit duration by 10 seconds. The amplification ratio is also determined based on the effective duty cycle; for example, amplification ratio = 1 - effective duty cycle. The dynamic time difference is the product of the amplification ratio and the maximum limit duration. The updated maximum limit duration is the sum of the initial maximum limit duration and the dynamic time difference. By simulating a lightweight long press control for continuous press control, overheat protection is implemented to prevent horn overheating and damage.

[0067] It should be noted that the method in this embodiment can be executed by a single device, such as a computer or server. The method can also be applied in a distributed scenario, where multiple devices cooperate to complete the task. In such a distributed scenario, one of these devices may execute only one or more steps of the method in this embodiment, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the method described.

[0068] It should be noted that the above description describes some embodiments of this application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in a different order than that shown in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0069] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above embodiments, this application also provides a protection and control device for a loudspeaker.

[0070] refer to Figure 3 The protection and control device for the horn includes: Type determination module 10 is configured to: determine the control type of the control operation in response to detecting a user's control operation on the horn switch; The protection control module 20 is configured to: in response to a long press control, determine the duration of the low-level signal corresponding to the long press control, and perform protection control on the speaker based on the current speaker temperature and the duration; The analog conversion module 30 is configured to: in response to the control type being continuous press control, determine the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal corresponding to the continuous press control, and perform mode conversion control of the control type based on the current speaker temperature and the effective duty cycle.

[0071] Optionally, the protection control module 20 is also configured to: If the current speaker temperature is greater than or equal to the preset maximum safe temperature, the speaker power will be turned off. In response to the current horn temperature being lower than the maximum safe temperature, the current temperature range is determined based on the current horn temperature, and the horn is protected based on the duration and the current temperature range.

[0072] Optionally, the protection control module 20 is also configured to: Determine the maximum duration and maximum temperature limit corresponding to the current temperature range; Overheat protection control is performed based on the maximum limit duration and duration, and jump protection control is performed based on the maximum limit temperature and the real-time horn temperature during the overheat protection control process.

[0073] Optionally, the protection control module 20 is also configured to: In response to a duration less than the maximum limit duration, the speaker power is turned off when the duration equals the maximum limit duration, thus limiting the power supply and determining the power outage duration. The minimum cooling time is determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off. In response to a power outage duration greater than or equal to the minimum cooling duration, the power-on restriction is lifted, and the horn power is switched on when a user feedback control operation is detected.

[0074] Optionally, the protection control module 20 is also configured to: In response to the real-time horn temperature being greater than the maximum limit temperature, the current temperature range is replaced with the real-time temperature range corresponding to the real-time horn temperature. The duration is reset to zero to obtain a new duration; Overheat protection is implemented based on the new duration and the real-time maximum limit duration of the real-time temperature range.

[0075] Optionally, the protection control module 20 is also configured to: Detect the user's feedback control operation on the horn switch, and determine the current control requirements based on the feedback control operation; In response to the current control requirement being a routine control requirement, the feedback control operation is ignored, and a high-temperature warning is issued via horn. In response to an emergency control requirement, the power supply limitation is ignored, the horn power is turned on according to the preset forced start command, and the horn sounds according to the feedback control operation.

[0076] Optionally, the protection control module 20 is also configured to: The number of times the low-level signal is triggered is determined within a preset detection time based on the feedback control operation; In response to a trigger count greater than or equal to a preset threshold, an emergency control request is identified as the current control request. In response to a trigger count being less than a preset threshold, the regular control requirement is identified as the current control requirement.

[0077] Optionally, the analog conversion module 30 is also configured to: In response to the current speaker temperature being lower than the preset maximum safe temperature and the effective duty cycle being greater than the preset duty cycle threshold, the control type is changed from continuous press control to simulated long press control, and the maximum limit duration corresponding to the temperature range is updated.

[0078] For ease of description, the above devices are described in terms of function, divided into various modules. Of course, in implementing this application, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0079] The apparatus of the above embodiments is used to implement the protection and control method of the corresponding horn in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0080] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the methods of any of the above embodiments, this application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the speaker protection control method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0081] Figure 4This embodiment illustrates a more specific hardware structure of an electronic device. The device may include a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. The processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040 are interconnected internally via the bus 1050.

[0082] The processor 1010 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0083] The memory 1020 can be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), static storage device, dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 can store the operating system and other applications. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 1020 and is called and executed by the processor 1010.

[0084] The input / output interface 1030 is used to connect input / output modules to realize information input and output. Input / output modules can be configured as components within the device (not shown in the figure) or externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. Input devices may include keyboards, mice, touchscreens, microphones, various sensors, etc., while output devices may include displays, speakers, vibrators, indicator lights, etc.

[0085] The communication interface 1040 is used to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to enable communication between this device and other devices. The communication module can communicate via wired means (such as USB, Ethernet cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0086] Bus 1050 includes a pathway for transmitting information between various components of the device, such as processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040.

[0087] It should be noted that although the above-described device only shows the processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, communication interface 1040, and bus 1050, in specific implementations, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described device may only include the components necessary for implementing the embodiments of this specification, and not necessarily all the components shown in the figures.

[0088] The electronic devices described above are used to implement the corresponding speaker protection control method in any of the foregoing embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the methods of any of the above embodiments, this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the speaker protection control method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0090] The computer-readable medium of this embodiment includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transfer medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device.

[0091] The computer instructions stored in the storage medium of the above embodiments are used to cause the computer to execute the speaker protection control method as described in any of the above embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0092] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the methods of any of the above embodiments, this application also provides a vehicle, including the protection and control device for the electronic device or horn of the above embodiments, and executes the horn protection and control method as described in any of the above embodiments through the protection and control device for the electronic device or horn of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0093] It is understood that before using the technical solutions of the various embodiments in this application, users will be informed of the type, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in an appropriate manner, and user authorization will be obtained.

[0094] For example, upon receiving a user's active request, a prompt message is sent to the user to explicitly inform them that the requested operation will require the acquisition and use of the user's personal information. This allows the user to independently choose, based on the prompt message, whether to provide personal information to the software or hardware such as electronic devices, applications, servers, or storage media performing the operations described in this application.

[0095] As an optional but not limited implementation, in response to a user's active request, sending a prompt message to the user can be done via a pop-up window, where the prompt message can be presented in text format. Furthermore, the pop-up window can also include a selection control allowing the user to choose "agree" or "disagree" to provide personal information to the electronic device.

[0096] It is understood that the above notification and user authorization process is merely illustrative and does not limit the implementation of this application. Other methods that comply with relevant laws and regulations may also be applied to the implementation of this application.

[0097] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of this application is limited to these examples; under the concept of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0098] Additionally, to simplify the description and discussion, and to avoid obscuring the embodiments of this application, the well-known power / ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided drawings. Furthermore, the apparatus may be shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the embodiments of this application, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram apparatuses are highly dependent on the platform on which the embodiments of this application will be implemented (i.e., these details should be fully understood by those skilled in the art). While specific details (e.g., circuits) have been set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of this application, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of this application can be implemented without these specific details or with variations thereof. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0099] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many substitutions, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may be used with the embodiments discussed.

[0100] The embodiments of this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the claims of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A protection and control method for a loudspeaker, characterized in that, include: In response to detecting a user's control operation on the horn switch, the control type of the control operation is determined; In response to the control type being long press control, the duration of the low-level signal corresponding to the long press control is determined, and the speaker is protected based on the current speaker temperature and the duration. In response to the control type being continuous press control, the effective duty cycle of the low-level signal corresponding to the continuous press control is determined, and the mode switching control of the control type is performed based on the current speaker temperature and the effective duty cycle.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection control of the horn based on the current horn temperature and the duration includes: In response to the current horn temperature being greater than or equal to the preset maximum safe temperature, the horn power supply is turned off. In response to the current horn temperature being lower than the maximum safe temperature, a current temperature range is determined based on the current horn temperature, and the horn is protected based on the duration and the current temperature range.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protection control of the horn based on the duration and the current temperature range includes: Determine the maximum time limit and the maximum temperature limit corresponding to the current temperature range; The system performs overheat protection control based on the maximum limit duration and the duration of operation, and performs jump protection control based on the maximum limit temperature and the real-time horn temperature during the overheat protection control process.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The overheat protection control based on the maximum limited duration and the duration includes: In response to the duration being less than the maximum limit duration, the speaker power is turned off when the duration is equal to the maximum limit duration, thereby limiting the power supply and determining the power outage duration. The minimum cooling time is determined based on the current ambient temperature and the initial cooling temperature when the speaker power is turned off. In response to the power outage duration being greater than or equal to the minimum cooling duration, the power-on restriction is lifted, and the speaker power is turned on when a user feedback control operation is detected.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The jump protection control based on the maximum limiting temperature and the real-time horn temperature during the overheat protection control process includes: In response to the real-time horn temperature being greater than the maximum limit temperature, the current temperature range is replaced with a real-time temperature range corresponding to the real-time horn temperature. The duration is reset to zero to obtain a new duration; Overheat protection is performed based on the new duration and the real-time maximum limit duration of the real-time temperature range.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the speaker power is turned off, the following is also included: Detect the user's feedback control operation on the horn switch, and determine the current control requirement based on the feedback control operation; Since the current control requirement is a normal control requirement, the feedback control operation is ignored, and a high temperature warning is issued by the loudspeaker. In response to the current control requirement being an emergency control requirement, the power supply restriction is ignored, the horn power is turned on according to the preset forced start command, and the horn sounds according to the feedback control operation.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the current control requirement based on the feedback control operation includes: The number of times the low-level signal is triggered is determined within a preset detection time based on the feedback control operation. In response to the number of triggers being greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the emergency control request is determined as the current control request; In response to the number of triggers being less than a preset threshold, the regular control requirement is determined as the current control requirement.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mode switching control based on the current horn temperature and the effective duty cycle includes: In response to the current speaker temperature being less than the preset maximum safe temperature and the effective duty cycle being greater than the preset duty cycle threshold, the control type is changed from continuous press control to simulated long press control, and the maximum limit duration corresponding to the temperature range is updated.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the electronic device as described in claim 9.

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