Apparatus for storing and processing cryogenic fluids

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for storing and treating a cryogenic fluid, comprising at least one tank (2), a consumption and / or treatment system (22), a line (14) for loading and / or unloading a liquid cryogenic fluid (L), a line (20) for supplying the consumption and / or treatment system (22) with a fuel prepared from a gas (G) produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid, the supply line (20) comprises at least one compressor (24), the apparatus (1) comprising a conduit (26) connected to the supply line (20) between the compressor (24) and the consumption and / or treatment system (22), the conduit (26) being connected to the bottom of the tank (6), the conduit (26) having control means (36) for controlling the flow of gas (G) within the conduit (26).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cryogenic fluids, and more specifically to the storage and handling of such cryogenic fluids. Background Technology

[0002] Gaseous hydrocarbons (such as natural gas and petroleum gas) at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure are liquefied at low temperatures (i.e., below -25°C) to facilitate their transport and / or storage. The liquefied hydrocarbons (also known as cryogenic fluids or cryogenic liquids in liquid form) are then placed in tanks within the structure.

[0003] However, this type of tank is never fully insulated, so the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid is unavoidable. The phenomenon of natural evaporation is called vaporization, and the gas produced by this evaporation is called vaporized gas (BOG). Therefore, the tank structure contains the cryogenic liquid in the lower part of the tank and the gas produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid in the upper part of the tank.

[0004] Inside the tank, the temperature of the cryogenic liquid is uneven, forming a hot upper layer that comes into contact with the gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid. This hot upper layer causes vapor to form inside the tank and also increases the pressure inside the tank.

[0005] The present invention is suitable for this situation by providing an effective and economical means of mixing cryogenic liquids present in a tank to reduce the pressure inside the tank. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the main object of the present invention is an apparatus for storing and processing cryogenic fluids, comprising: at least one cryogenic fluid storage tank, the at least one cryogenic fluid storage tank including a tank bottom and a tank top space; a consumption and / or processing system; a loading and / or unloading line for loading and / or unloading liquid cryogenic fluid, the loading and / or unloading line being configured to connect at least the tank bottom to a storage terminal; a supply line for supplying fuel prepared from gas generated by evaporation of the cryogenic fluid contained in liquid form in the storage tank to the consumption and / or processing system, the supply line connecting at least the tank top space to the consumption and / or processing system, and including at least one compressor arranged between the storage tank and the consumption and / or processing system; the cryogenic fluid storage and processing apparatus includes a pipe connected at a first end to the supply line between the compressor and the consumption and / or processing system, the pipe being connected to the bottom of the tank via a second end, the pipe having a control member for controlling the flow of gas within the pipe.

[0007] For example, the storage and processing apparatus described in this invention is integrated into the structure. It is configured to allow flow of a liquid cryogenic fluid on one side and flow of gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid cryogenic fluid on the other, both the liquid cryogenic fluid and the gas being stored in one or more tanks within the storage and processing apparatus. Specifically, the cryogenic liquid is stored at the bottom of the tank, while the gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid is stored in the top space of the tank. The terms "bottom of the tank" and "top space of the tank" are used herein to refer to areas of the tank, where the bottom of the tank corresponds to the lower portion of the tank, and the top space of the tank corresponds to the upper portion.

[0008] The tank can be a storage tank at atmospheric pressure or a storage tank with a maximum pressure of 6 bar, preferably 9 bar.

[0009] To fill or empty the tank, the storage and processing equipment includes loading and / or unloading lines through which the cryogenic fluid flows in its liquid form. According to embodiments, the loading and / or unloading lines connect the tank to a storage terminal (e.g., a storage terminal located on a shoreline), a production unit, or a consumer network. "Loading or unloading" means that the line is used to load the cryogenic fluid from the storage terminal or production unit into the tank, or to unload the cryogenic fluid from the tank into the storage terminal or consumer network, or to load and unload at different times. The storage terminal is at least configured to store cryogenic fluid in liquid form.

[0010] The consumption and / or processing system in the storage and processing equipment is configured to be supplied from a tank. According to embodiments, the consumption and / or processing system may take the form of an engine to generate electrical, mechanical, or thermal energy; a gas output network; or a reliquefaction unit. The consumption and / or processing system is supplied, for example, with fuel in a gaseous form, in which case the gaseous fuel corresponds to a gas produced by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in a liquid form. For this purpose, the storage and processing equipment includes a supply line connecting the storage tank to the consumption and / or processing system. This supply line is configured to allow the gas produced by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in a liquid form to pass through, i.e., the cryogenic fluid in a gaseous form to pass through. To supply fuel to the consumption and / or processing system at a suitable pressure, the supply line is equipped with a compressor that allows the pressure of the gas to be regulated before it is delivered to the consumption and / or processing system.

[0011] The fuel is selected from chemical substances such as hydrogen, natural gas, ethane, ethylene, petroleum gas, ammonia, and mixtures thereof.

[0012] One end of the supply line leads to the top space of the tank, while one end of the loading and / or unloading line leads to the bottom of the tank.

[0013] To prevent the formation of a hot upper layer within the cryogenic liquid, or in the portion of the cryogenic liquid that is in contact with or near the gas (i.e., in contact with or near the top space of the tank), storage and handling equipment is configured to achieve a foaming phenomenon. This foaming phenomenon involves generating eddies within the tank to mix the cryogenic liquid, particularly the hot upper layer, with the rest of the cryogenic liquid.

[0014] Here, bubbling is achieved by injecting gas generated from the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid after the cryogenic fluid has passed through the compressor. For this purpose, the storage and processing equipment includes a conduit, the first end of which is arranged on a supply line between the compressor and the consumption and / or processing system. Thus, this conduit diverts at least some of the gas generated from the evaporation of the liquid cryogenic fluid, which would otherwise be delivered to the consumption and / or processing system. At its second end, the conduit connects to the bottom of the tank to inject gas into the liquid cryogenic fluid for optimal mixing with it. According to an embodiment, the conduit is connected directly or indirectly to the bottom of the tank.

[0015] The pipeline also has a control component for controlling the flow of gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form within the pipeline. This control component is a control valve. The control component has a closed state and an open state; in the closed state, the control component prevents gas flow, and in the open state, the control component allows gas flow. In the open state, the gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid returns to the bottom of the tank, thus participating in the bubbling phenomenon.

[0016] According to one example of the embodiment, the presence of the pipeline allows the consumption and / or processing system to be supplied and bubbling to occur independently or simultaneously.

[0017] According to an optional feature of the invention, the second end of the pipe is connected to a loading and / or unloading pipeline.

[0018] This is a first embodiment of the invention, wherein the pipe connects to a loading and / or unloading line, the loading and / or unloading line itself leading to the bottom of the tank. Therefore, the pipe is indirectly connected to the bottom of the tank via the loading and / or unloading line.

[0019] In this first embodiment, the gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid flows through a loading and / or unloading line through which the cryogenic fluid would otherwise circulate. This reduces cost and overall size requirements by reusing piping already present in the architecture of the storage and processing equipment. The loading and / or unloading line can be used when the cryogenic fluid is not being loaded or unloaded into a tank; in this case, the loading and / or unloading line is emptied by gravity or by flushing gas into the tank, thus making it available for the circulation of the gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid.

[0020] According to an optional feature of the invention, the second end of the pipe leads to the bottom of the tank.

[0021] According to an optional feature of the invention, the second end of the pipe leads to the bottom of the tank in the form of a foaming ramp.

[0022] This corresponds to the second embodiment, where the pipe is directly connected to the bottom of the tank. Gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form then flows through a dedicated pipe. This allows foaming to occur even during the loading and / or unloading of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form.

[0023] According to an optional feature of the invention, the pipe is configured such that gas generated by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid passes through the pipe.

[0024] According to an optional feature of the invention, the cryogenic fluid storage and processing equipment includes a first measuring device for measuring the pressure inside the tank and / or the temperature of the liquid cryogenic fluid inside the tank.

[0025] Pressure and / or temperature measuring devices can be used to measure the pressure throughout the tank, for example by performing a measurement of the space at the top of the tank, or measuring the temperature of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form at the bottom of the tank, or measuring both pressure and temperature.

[0026] According to an optional feature of the invention, the cryogenic fluid storage and processing device includes a second measuring device for measuring the pressure of the gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid at the outlet of the compressor.

[0027] The measuring device used to measure the pressure of the gas produced by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form is the second measuring device. It is configured to acquire the pressure on the compressor outlet line.

[0028] According to an optional feature of the invention, the cryogenic fluid storage and processing device includes a control system configured to open or close a control element based on values ​​obtained by a first measuring device and / or a second measuring device.

[0029] The control system is a centralized device. It is configured to open or close control components based on values ​​obtained by a first pressure and / or temperature measuring device, or based on values ​​obtained by a second device measuring the pressure of gas generated by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid, or preferably based on both of these values.

[0030] In cryogenic fluid storage and processing facilities, during loading or unloading operations of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form between tanks and storage terminals, the loading and / or unloading lines may not be at suitable temperatures, and therefore, the cryogenic fluid in liquid form may evaporate during loading and / or unloading. This type of temperature adaptation problem is particularly important in cryogenic fluid storage and processing facilities equipped with considerably long pipelines, such as approximately 300 meters. The cryogenic fluid storage and processing facilities described in this invention address this problem by providing temperature regulation or cooling for the loading and / or unloading lines.

[0031] According to an optional feature of the invention, the cryogenic fluid storage and processing device includes at least one valve.

[0032] The valve is configured to allow or prevent the flow of cryogenic fluid in liquid form within the loading and / or unloading line. In some embodiments, the valve is located on the loading and / or unloading line. In other embodiments, the valve is located on the storage terminal.

[0033] Specifically, the valve allows control of the delivery of cryogenic liquid fluid from the storage terminal toward the tank via loading and / or unloading lines, or vice versa, to cool the loading and / or unloading lines so that their temperature is adapted to loading and unloading operations.

[0034] According to an optional feature of the invention, the control device is a first control element, and the storage and processing device includes at least one second control element.

[0035] Control components or control valves are carried by the piping. They allow or prevent the passage of gases generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid within the piping, or prevent the flow of cryogenic fluid from loading and / or unloading lines within the piping. The presence of two control components on the piping allows for better control of the flow within the piping by independently adjusting the closure of each of these two control components, and also limits the risk of leakage of cryogenic fluid toward the supply line.

[0036] The first control element and / or the second control element depend on the device for determining the temperature of the cryogenic fluid flowing within the loading and / or unloading pipeline.

[0037] According to an optional feature of the invention, the storage and processing device includes a control unit configured to open or close control members, preferably opening or closing a first control member and a second control member.

[0038] The control unit is capable of driving both the first and second control components. The control unit can switch the control components from an open state to a closed state. When it is desired to circulate gas generated from the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form, the control unit ensures that the cryogenic fluid in liquid form is emptied from the loading and / or unloading lines.

[0039] According to an optional feature of the invention, the storage and processing device includes at least one temperature determining device for determining the temperature of a cryogenic fluid flowing in the loading and / or unloading line.

[0040] The temperature determining device is located on the loading and / or unloading line. For example, the temperature determining device is located near the pipe. According to one example, the temperature determining device is installed at the level of the second end of the pipe, in other words, at the intersection of the pipe and the loading and / or unloading line.

[0041] In yet another example, the temperature determining device is mounted between the second end of the pipe and the storage terminal. According to yet another example, the temperature determining device is mounted between the second end of the pipe and the first intersection of the main pipeline constituting the loading and / or unloading pipeline. Alternatively, the temperature determining device is mounted on the pipe between the second end and the second control member.

[0042] According to an optional feature of the invention, the control unit is configured to drive control members based on a temperature measured by a temperature determining device, preferably driving a first control member and a second control member. Specifically, this temperature is measured within a loading and / or unloading pipeline.

[0043] According to an optional feature of the invention, the control unit is configured to drive the control member according to the state of the valve, preferably driving the first control member and the second control member.

[0044] According to an embodiment, the valve is carried by a loading and / or unloading line or by a storage terminal.

[0045] According to an optional feature of the invention, the pipeline is inclined between the supply line and the loading and / or unloading line.

[0046] Such a slope facilitates the gravitational flow of cryogenic fluids in liquid form within the pipe. The slope here is downward.

[0047] According to an optional feature of the invention, the storage and processing device includes a bypass channel configured such that gas generated by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form bypasses the compressor.

[0048] Therefore, a bypass channel is created to bypass the compressor. This allows the gas produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid to flow in a loop within the storage and processing equipment until it reaches a temperature suitable for use in the loading and / or unloading lines.

[0049] The present invention also relates to a structure configured for transporting and / or storing cryogenic fluids, the structure comprising cryogenic fluid storage and processing equipment as described above.

[0050] The structure can be a floating structure or a land-based structure. For example, according to embodiments, the structure can be a vessel for storing and transporting liquefied natural gas (e.g., an LNG carrier), a vessel using liquefied natural gas as fuel (or LFS, i.e., liquefied natural gas fueled vessel), a floating gas production, storage and unloading unit (or FLNG, i.e., floating liquefied natural gas), a floating storage and regasification unit (FRSU), a gravity-based structure (GBS), an onshore tank, or a port storage structure. Liquefied natural gas is stored on the structure, for example, for use as structural fuel.

[0051] The present invention also relates to a method of using a cryogenic fluid storage and processing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the process, a control component of a pipeline is opened to deliver gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid to the bottom of the tank, and a control component of the pipeline is closed to prevent gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid from returning to the bottom of the tank.

[0052] Methods of using storage and processing equipment include: performing foaming when foaming is required to mix the liquid cryogenic fluid in the tank, switching the control component to its open state when such foaming is useful, and moving the control component to its closed state when foaming is not required.

[0053] According to an optional feature of the invention, the opening and closing of the control component is controlled by a control system.

[0054] In other words, the switching of a control component from its closed state to its open state is controlled by the control system, and vice versa.

[0055] According to an optional feature of the invention, the method of use includes: a first step, during which the control system calculates the theoretical pressure inside the tank based on the temperature measured by a first pressure and / or temperature measuring device; a second step, during which the control system calculates the difference between the theoretical pressure and the actual pressure inside the tank measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device; and a third step, during which the control system compares the difference with a threshold.

[0056] Steps one, two, and three correspond to the verification of the first parameter required for the drive control component. This first parameter depends at least on the pressure within the tank. This pressure can be measured directly or calculated based on the temperature of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form within the tank.

[0057] According to an optional feature of the invention, the method of use includes: a first step, during which the control system calculates the theoretical temperature of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form within the tank based on the pressure measured by a first pressure and / or temperature measuring device; a second step, during which the control system calculates the difference between the theoretical temperature and the actual temperature measured within the tank by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device; and a third step, during which the control system compares the difference with a threshold.

[0058] This is an alternative where the first parameter depends on the temperature of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form within the tank.

[0059] According to an optional feature of the invention, the method of use includes a comparison phase during which the control system compares the pressure of the gas generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid at the compressor outlet, measured by a second pressure measuring device, with the range of operating pressure values ​​of the consumption and / or processing system.

[0060] This comparison phase corresponds to the verification of the second parameter required for the drive control component. The operating pressure range of the consumption and / or treatment system depends on the nature of the system. For example, for a burner, the pressure is between 0.5 bar and 2.5 bar; for an electrically powered motor, the pressure is between 4 bar and 8 bar, preferably 16 bar; or for a motor used for XDF-type propulsion, the pressure is between 14 bar and 18 bar.

[0061] According to an optional feature of the invention, when the measured pressure is within the operating pressure range of the consumption and / or processing system, the control system commands the control component to open.

[0062] In other words, if the pressure measured at the compressor outlet is within a range corresponding to the nature of the consumption and / or treatment system, the control system commands the control element to switch from its closed state to its open state, or remain in its open state. The gas produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form then flows through a pipe to the storage tank, where it undergoes a bubbling process. In its open state, the control element is partially or fully opened as needed. Outside the aforementioned range, the control element remains closed and no bubbling occurs. Therefore, the gas produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid will only flow towards the storage tank when the consumption and / or treatment system does not require it as fuel.

[0063] According to an optional feature of the invention, if the difference between the theoretical pressure compared during the third step and the actual pressure inside the tank measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device is greater than a threshold, the control system commands the control component to open.

[0064] If the pressure inside the tank is too high, the gas produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid will only return towards the tank, thus requiring bubbling to mix the cryogenic liquid and reduce the pressure. For example, if there is a difference of at least 20 millibars between the theoretical pressure and the measured actual pressure, the control system commands the control components to open.

[0065] According to an optional feature of the invention, if the difference between the theoretical pressure compared during the third step and the actual pressure inside the tank measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device is greater than a threshold, the control system commands the control component to open.

[0066] For example, if there is a difference of at least 0.2°C between the theoretical temperature and the measured actual temperature, the control system commands the control component to open.

[0067] According to an optional feature of the invention, the method of use includes the following steps: during one step, performing different measurements of pressure and / or temperature in the tank by means of a first pressure and / or temperature measuring device; and during one step, the control system comparing the rate of change of pressure and / or temperature with a reference value.

[0068] In other words, when the control system detects a rapid rise in pressure and / or temperature within the tank based on pressure measurements and their derivatives, or temperature measurements and their derivatives, the control system commands the control components to open and thus initiate bubbling.

[0069] According to an optional feature of the invention, if the difference between the theoretical pressure compared during the third step and the actual pressure inside the tank measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device is less than a threshold, the control system commands the control element to shut down.

[0070] According to an optional feature of the invention, if the difference between the theoretical temperature compared during the third step and the actual temperature inside the tank measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device is less than a threshold, the control system commands the control element to shut down.

[0071] The control system operates based on simultaneous checks; once the pressure and / or temperature inside the tank reaches a value where the bubbling method is no longer required, the control system commands the control component to close, even if the check of the second parameter (i.e., the pressure at the compressor outlet) is compatible with the opening of the control component.

[0072] According to an optional feature of the invention, the method of use includes the steps of driving a control member via a control unit, and preferably driving a first control member and a second control member.

[0073] According to an optional feature of the invention, during the drive step, the control unit verifies the temperature of the gas generated by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form circulating in the loading and / or unloading lines.

[0074] The control unit compares this temperature with a threshold. If the temperature measured in the loading and / or unloading line is higher than the threshold, the first and second control components are in their open state. If the temperature measured in the loading and / or unloading line is lower than the threshold, the first and second control components are in their closed state.

[0075] According to an optional feature of the invention, a time delay is provided between the switching of the first control member from its open state to its closed state and the switching of the second control member from its open state to its closed state.

[0076] This time delay ensures that the cryogenic fluid in liquid form is discharged from the pipe, so that no fluid is trapped between the two control components.

[0077] According to an optional feature of the invention, the method of use includes the step of allowing the gas generated by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form to circulate in a loop.

[0078] The loop flow step brings the loading and / or unloading lines to temperatures suitable for loading and / or unloading operations. During this loop flow step, if necessary, a pump draws a cryogenic fluid in liquid form from the storage tank. The cryogenic fluid in liquid form flows through the loading and / or unloading lines, where it evaporates to form a gas produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form. As a result, the loading and / or unloading lines are cooled to temperatures suitable for loading and / or unloading operations. The gas produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid then flows through piping and supply lines to a bypass channel to bypass the compressor and then returns to the storage tank, more precisely, to the top space of that tank. "Loop" refers to the gas produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form bypassing the consumption and / or processing systems and storage terminals.

[0079] According to an optional feature of the invention, during the driving step of the control unit, if the control unit detects that the valve is open, the first control member and / or the second control member switch from their open state to their closed state.

[0080] This ensures that when the cryogenic fluid is about to be loaded or unloaded from or toward the storage terminal, at least one of the control components is shut off, preventing the cryogenic fluid from entering the supply line.

[0081] According to an optional feature of the invention, during the driving step of the control unit, if the temperature determining device detects a temperature below a threshold, the first control member and / or the second control member switch from their open state to their closed state.

[0082] Temperatures below a threshold indicate the presence of cryogenic fluid in liquid form in the loading and / or unloading lines, which necessitates shutting down at least one of the control components. Attached Figure Description

[0083] On the one hand, other features, details, and advantages of the invention will become clearer when reading the following description, and on the other hand, when examples of embodiments are given by way of indication and non-limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0084] [ Figure 1 A cryogenic fluid storage and transport apparatus is schematically illustrated, shown here in a first embodiment, wherein the piping is connected at a first end to a supply line and at a second end to a loading and / or unloading line;

[0085] [ Figure 2 ]Schematic illustration Figure 1 A first variation of the first embodiment of the storage and transport equipment shown;

[0086] [ Figure 3 ]Schematic illustration Figure 1 A second variation of the first embodiment of the storage and transport equipment shown;

[0087] [ Figure 4 ]Schematic illustration Figure 1 A second embodiment of the storage and transport equipment shown in the illustration has a pipe connected at its first end to a supply line and at its second end directly to a cryogenic fluid storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0088] Features, variations, and different embodiments of the present invention can be associated with each other in various combinations, provided that they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. In particular, variations of the invention may be conceived to contain only that selection of features if a selection of features described below, isolated from the other described features, is sufficient to impart technical advantages and / or distinguish the invention from the prior art.

[0089] In the accompanying drawings, elements common to several drawings retain the same reference numerals. Figures 1 to 4 The storage and processing device 1 according to the invention is schematically shown, which is integrated into a structure such as a floating structure or a land-based structure.

[0090] The storage and processing equipment 1 is configured to operate the flow of cryogenic fluid. For this purpose, the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form is stored in at least one tank 2 of the storage and processing equipment 1.

[0091] Due to imperfect insulation of storage tank 2, some of the cryogenic liquid L evaporates naturally, forming gas G produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid. Therefore, storage tank 2 comprises cryogenic liquid L and gas G produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid, and the separation between these two fluids is represented by a horizontal dashed line in the diagram. The cryogenic fluid is, for example, methane.

[0092] In the accompanying drawings, the storage and processing equipment 1 has a single storage tank 2. It should be understood that, for embodiments in which the structure has multiple storage tanks, the following description of the storage tank 2 can be modified as necessary to apply to other storage tanks.

[0093] The storage tank 2 is defined by a bottom wall 4, which corresponds to the lowest wall of the storage tank 2. A region of the tank bottom 6 extends from the bottom wall 4, and this region corresponds, for example, to at least half the height of the storage tank 2 as measured perpendicular to the bottom wall 4. At least the tank bottom 6 is configured to store a liquid cryogenic fluid L. Conversely, the gas G generated by the evaporation of the liquid cryogenic fluid is stored in the tank top space 8, which corresponds to its uppermost portion. The tank top space 8 extends from a top wall 10 opposite the bottom wall 4.

[0094] Storage and processing device 1 is connected to a storage terminal 12 located outside the structure, for example, on a coastline. Storage terminal 12 is an example given herein for illustrative purposes only; it is conceivable that storage and processing device 1 could instead be connected to a production unit or a network of consumers without departing from the scope of the invention. Storage terminal 12 may store at least a cryogenic fluid L in liquid form. In some embodiments, storage terminal 12 may store both the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form and a gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form.

[0095] More specifically, the storage and processing equipment 1 is connected to the storage terminal 12 at least via a loading and / or unloading line 14. This loading and / or unloading line 14 allows the cryogenic fluid L to flow in liquid form between the storage tank 2 and the storage terminal 2. Thus, during structural loading operations, the liquid cryogenic fluid L is transported from the storage terminal 12 to the storage tank 2 via the loading and / or unloading line 14; conversely, during unloading operations, the liquid cryogenic fluid L flows from the storage tank 2 to the storage terminal 12 within the loading and / or unloading line 14.

[0096] The cryogenic fluid storage and processing equipment 1 is equipped with at least one valve 11, which in Figure 2The image shows the valve 11 being carried by storage terminal 12. The valve 11 can alternate between an open and closed state. In its open state, valve 11 allows liquid cryogenic fluid L to be loaded from storage terminal 12 toward storage tank 2 for loading, or vice versa, unloaded from storage tank 2 toward storage terminal 12 for unloading. In its open state, valve 11 allows the liquid form of cryogenic fluid L to switch through loading and / or unloading lines 14. Alternatively, and not shown, valve 11 is positioned on loading and / or unloading lines 14 on the vessel, for example at a level connected to storage terminal 12.

[0097] As shown in the figure, the loading and / or unloading line 14 includes multiple conduits 16 leading to the storage tank 2. More specifically, the loading and / or unloading line 14 includes a first conduit 16A, a second conduit 16B, and a third conduit 16C extending at least partially within the storage tank 2. Line 16C is not present in the equipment unless otherwise shown. These conduits are branches on the main line 13 of the loading and / or unloading line 14. The second conduit 16B connects to the main line 13 at a first intersection 17A, while both the first conduit 16A and the third conduit 16B connect to the main line at a common second intersection 17B. More specifically, the first conduit 16A connects to the main line of the loading and / or unloading line 14 at the level of the second intersection 17B, and the third conduit 16C itself connects to the first conduit 16A between the second intersection 17B and the storage tank 2.

[0098] First conduit 16A and second conduit 16B lead to the tank bottom 6 near the bottom wall 4. Second conduit 16B is equipped with a pump 18, which is particularly convenient for unloading cryogenic fluid L in liquid form. Pump 18 is arranged at one end of second conduit 16B, for example, in the area between the bottom wall 4 and a plane parallel to it, about three meters from the bottom wall 4. Conversely, third conduit 16C leads to the tank top space 8 near the top wall 10. The presence of conduits 16 with openings at different heights in the tank 2 facilitates the loading of cryogenic fluid L in liquid form, thus allowing loading to be performed through one and / or the other of first conduit 16A and third conduit 16C.

[0099] In addition to the loading and / or unloading line 14, the storage and processing equipment 1 also includes a supply line 20. This supply line 20 is configured for the flow of gas G generated by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form. The supply line 20 connects the storage tank 2 to a consumption and / or processing system 22 of the storage and processing equipment 1. This consumption and / or processing system 22 is, for example, an engine configured to be supplied with fuel formed from the gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid. The supply line 20 leads to the storage tank 2; more specifically, it is connected to the top wall 10 of the storage tank 2. Between the storage tank 2 and the consumption and / or processing system 22, the supply line 14 is equipped with a compressor 24. This compressor 24 is used to regulate the pressure of the gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid before delivering it to the consumption and / or processing system 22.

[0100] According to the invention, the storage and processing device 1 includes a conduit 26 configured for the flow of gas G generated by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form. The conduit 26 is connected to a supply line 20. More specifically, the conduit 26 extends between a first end 28 and a second end 30, with its first end 28 connected to the supply line 20 between the compressor 24 and the consumption and / or processing system 22. It is understood that the conduit 26 provides a means for the gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid fluid to bypass the consumption and / or processing system 22. In other words, the conduit 26 is a bypass line relative to the consumption and / or processing system 22.

[0101] The gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid flowing within pipe 26 is configured to return to storage tank 2. For this purpose, a second end 30 of pipe 26 is connected to storage tank 2, more specifically to the tank bottom 6. According to an embodiment, the second end 30 is connected directly or indirectly to the tank bottom 6. Figure 1 The first embodiment is shown. Figure 2 A first variation of the first embodiment is shown. Figure 3 A second variation of the first embodiment is shown, and Figure 4 A second embodiment is shown. Unless otherwise stated or unless there is an obvious incompatibility, the features described in connection with one of these variations or embodiments may be applied to another variation or embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0102] exist Figures 1 to 3 In the middle, the second end 30 of pipe 26 is connected to loading and / or unloading line 14. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the variant shown, the second end 30 is connected between the storage terminal 12 and the first cross portion 17A for the second conduit 16B. Figure 3 In the alternative shown, the second end 30 is connected to the first conduit 16A between the second conduit 16B and the top wall 10 of the tank 2. Figure 3 In this variant, the gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form does not flow within the main line 13 of the loading and / or unloading line 14; instead, it passes through a dedicated conduit 32. This dedicated conduit 32 is a portion of the conduit 26 that runs parallel to the main line 13.

[0103] exist Figure 4 In the second embodiment shown, pipe 26 does not lead to loading and / or unloading line 14. In this second embodiment, gas G generated by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form flows through a dedicated pipe 32 leading to the bottom 6 of the tank. Alternatively, the second end 30 of pipe 26 is equipped with a foaming ramp or injector.

[0104] Regardless of the embodiment, the storage and processing device 1 is equipped with a control system 34. This control system 34 is configured to determine whether gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid should be delivered to the consumption and / or processing system 22 or returned to the storage tank 2. To this end, the control system commands a control member 36 located on the pipeline 26. This control member 36 is in the form of a valve having a closed or open state. In the closed state, it prevents the passage of gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid within the pipeline 26; in the open state, it allows the passage of gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid. It is understood that in the closed state of the control member 36, all gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid is delivered to the consumption and / or processing system 22, while on the other hand, in the open state of the control member 36, gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid can be partially delivered to the consumption and / or processing system, partially circulated in the pipeline 26, and returned to the storage tank 2. Therefore, the control system 34 commands the control member 36 to switch from the closed state to the open state, or conversely, from its open state to its closed state. When the gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid returns towards the storage tank 2, it participates in the bubbling phenomenon, which will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the method of using storage and processing equipment 1.

[0105] The control system 34 determines whether to open or close the control element 36 based on certain parameters measured or calculated within the storage and processing equipment 1. To achieve this, the storage and processing equipment 1 includes various measuring devices. Among these measuring devices, the storage and processing equipment 1 has a first measuring device 38 or a first pressure and / or temperature measuring device 38 configured to obtain values ​​within the storage tank 2 and a second measuring device 40 or a second pressure measuring device 40 configured to obtain values ​​at the outlet of the compressor 24.

[0106] A first measuring device 38 is configured to acquire the pressure within the storage tank 2 and / or the temperature of the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form within the storage tank 2. The first measuring device 38 includes both a pressure sensor 38A and a temperature sensor 38B. A second measuring device 40 is configured to acquire the pressure of the gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form as it exits the compressor 24. The second measuring device 40 is a pressure sensor.

[0107] It should be noted that, Figure 2 In the first variant shown, the storage and processing device 1 includes a control unit 35. In this variant, the control unit 35 is shown separately from the control system 34, but without departing from the scope of the invention, it is conceivable to integrate the control unit 35 or the control system 34 that performs its functions.

[0108] exist Figure 2 In the first variant shown, the control member corresponds to the first control member 36A. The storage and processing device 1 also includes a second control member 36B, which is also located on the conduit 26. The control unit 35 is capable of controlling the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B. Although the storage and processing device 1 shown herein has two control members 36A and 36B, other variants of the embodiment are conceivable in which different numbers of control members will be present, such as only the first control member 36A or even three control members.

[0109] Here, with two control members present, the first control member 36A is positioned closer to the first end 28 of the pipe 26 than its second end 30, and conversely, the second control member 36B is closer to the second end 30 of the pipe 26 than its first end 28. Therefore, the first control member 36A is closer to the supply line 20 than to the loading and / or unloading line 14, and the second control member 36B is closer to the loading and / or unloading line 14 than to the supply line 20.

[0110] The first control member 36A and the second control member 36B are capable of independently presenting a closed state and an open state. In the closed state, they prevent the flow of gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid, and in the open state, they allow its flow. Therefore, in its open state, the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B allow the gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid to flow in the conduit 26, so that the gas can flow from the supply line 20 to the loading and / or unloading line 14 through the conduit 26. In its second position, the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B prevent the flow of gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic liquid in the conduit 26, so that the gas does not flow between the supply line 20 and the loading and / or unloading line 14.

[0111] The presence of the first control element 36A and the second control element 36B provides additional safety between the loading and / or unloading line 14, which is a "liquid" line, and the supply line 20, which is a "steam" line. If the cryogenic liquid L flowing in the loading and / or unloading line 14 were to fail to reach the supply line 20 when each of these lines operates independently of the other, there is a risk of damage to the storage and handling equipment 1 and equipment items (e.g., compressor 24) arranged on the supply line 20. Furthermore, by positioning the two control elements 36A and 36B on the pipe 26, the risk of leakage that could result from a failure or malfunction of one of the two control elements is specifically ensured.

[0112] As shown in the figure, at the horizontal level of pipe 26, the supply line 20 is arranged at a vertical distance from the storage tank 2, which is greater than the vertical distance between the storage tank 2 and the loading and / or unloading line 14. In other words, the supply line 20 is above the loading and / or unloading line 14. Due to the arrangement of the control members 36A and 36B, where the first control member 36A is closer to the supply line 20 and the second control member 36B is closer to the loading and / or unloading line 14, the liquid cryogenic fluid L contained in pipe 26 can flow from the first control member 36A to the second control member 36B by gravity. In other words, pipe 26 descends from the supply line 20 to the loading and / or unloading line 14 to facilitate the flow of the liquid cryogenic fluid L circulating within it.

[0113] Additionally or alternatively, the flow of the cryogenic liquid L within the conduit 26 from the supply line 20 to the loading and / or unloading line 14 can be facilitated by a specific orientation of the conduit 26. Here, the conduit 26 is oriented at a non-zero angle relative to the horizontal plane, the angle being measured between a straight line extending along the conduit 26 and a horizontal line extending between the supply line 20 and the loading and / or unloading line 14, the angle being oriented towards the floor of the structure. With this specific orientation of the conduit 26, the supply line 20 can be arranged above, below, or at the same vertical distance from the loading and / or unloading line 14 as the loading and / or unloading line 14 is to the storage tank 2.

[0114] exist Figure 2 In the first variant shown, the storage and processing device 1 includes a bypass channel 42. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the bypass passage 42 is configured to bypass the compressor 24. The bypass passage 42 is connected to the supply line 20 both upstream and downstream of the compressor 24. In other words, the first end of the bypass passage 42 is connected to the supply line 20 between the storage tank 2 and the compressor 24, and the second end of the bypass passage 42 is connected to the supply line 42 between the compressor 24 and the pipe 26.

[0115] The bypass passage 42 is equipped with a control valve 44. The control valve 44 is capable of alternating between an open and a closed state. In its open state, the control valve 44 allows the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form to flow through the bypass passage 42. The cryogenic fluid L then bypasses the compressor 24. On the other hand, in its closed state, the control valve 44 prevents the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form from flowing through the bypass passage 42. In this case, the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form flows through the compressor 24.

[0116] The presence of a bypass passage 42 within the storage and processing equipment 1 allows for temperature control of the loading and / or unloading line 14 prior to loading and / or unloading operations of the storage tank 2, which prevents undesirable evaporation of the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form during such operations.

[0117] For this purpose, storage and processing equipment 1 allows the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form to circulate within loading and / or unloading line 14. This circulation allows loading and / or unloading line 14 to be cooled, and consequently causes the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form to evaporate, which then becomes gas G produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form. As will be explained later, the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form used for this purpose can be taken from storage tank 2 or from storage terminal 12, depending on the embodiment. The cryogenic fluid L in liquid form circulates in loading and / or unloading line 14, is cooled by evaporation, and then returns to storage tank 2 via bypass passage 42 in the form of gas G produced by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form.

[0118] As previously described, the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B are controlled by the control unit 35. This control unit 35 actuates the control members 36A and 36B during temperature control of the loading and / or unloading line 14 to switch them to their open or closed states based on measurements collected, particularly by a temperature determining device 37 mounted on the storage and processing equipment 1. The temperature determining device 37 is more precisely a temperature sensor for at least one cryogenic fluid circulating within the loading and / or unloading line 14. For this purpose, the temperature determining device 37 is positioned on the loading and / or unloading line 14 between the storage tank 2 and the pipe 26. The temperature determining device 37 is positioned near the second end 30 of the pipe 26, which connects to the loading and / or unloading line 14. The temperature determining device 37 is located, for example, at a distance of less than 20 meters, preferably less than 10 meters, and very preferably less than 7 meters from the second end 30 of the pipe 26. Alternatively, the temperature determining device 37 may be positioned on the pipe 26, between the second member 36B and the loading and / or unloading line 14. Alternatively, the temperature determining device 37 may be positioned on the loading and / or unloading line 14 between the conduit 26 and the storage terminal 12.

[0119] Temperature determining device 37 is configured to measure the temperature of the cryogenic fluid flowing in the loading and / or unloading line 14. Depending on its location within the loading and / or unloading line 14, temperature determining device 37 measures the temperature of the cryogenic fluid flowing upstream of the second end 30 of pipe 26 (i.e., between the storage tank 2 and the second end 30 of pipe 26), or temperature determining device 37 measures the temperature of the cryogenic fluid flowing downstream of the second end 30 of pipe 26 (i.e., between the second end 30 of pipe 26 and the storage terminal).

[0120] The control unit 35 communicates with the temperature determining device 37, enabling the control unit 35 to collect at least one piece of data relating to the temperature of the cryogenic fluid flowing in the loading and / or unloading line 14 via the temperature determining device 37.

[0121] When temperature control is applied to the loading and / or unloading line 14, when the temperature determining device 37 detects that the temperature within the loading and / or unloading line 14 is below a threshold, the control unit 35 commands control members 36A and 36B to switch to their closed state. The temperature threshold, for example, indicates that the loading and / or unloading line 14 is at a temperature suitable for loading and / or unloading operations. The temperature threshold that causes control members 36A and 36B to close is, for example, between -50 and -150°C. More specifically, the threshold temperature value is, for example, on the order of -100°C ± 10%. Generally, if the temperature obtained in the loading and / or unloading line 14 is above the threshold, the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B are in their open state. If the temperature obtained in the loading and / or unloading line 14 is below the threshold, the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B are in their closed state.

[0122] There is a significant time delay between the switching of the first control member 36A from its open state to its closed state and the switching of the second control member 36B from its open state to its closed state. When a temperature below a threshold is detected in the loading and / or unloading line 14, the first control member 36A switches to its closed state before the second control member 36B. In other words, there is a delay in the switching of the second control member 36B to its closed state compared to the first control member 36A. Such a delay is, for example, 30 seconds plus or minus 10 seconds. This time delay prevents the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form from becoming trapped in the pipe 26 between the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B. This prevents pressure buildup in the confined area between the two valves.

[0123] It should also be noted that the control unit 35 can actuate the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B according to the state of the valve 11 provided to the storage terminal 12 or storage and processing device 1 according to the invention. As described above, the valve 11 allows the loading and / or unloading of the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form in its open state, but prevents such loading and / or unloading in its closed state. The valve 11 can also be used to allow the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form to circulate within the loading and / or unloading line 14 so as to regulate its temperature, at least for the portion located between the storage terminal 12 and the pipe 26. In this case, the valve 11 can be actuated by the control unit 35 to switch from its closed state to its open state so as to allow the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form to circulate from the storage terminal 12 to the pipe 26, thereby cooling the loading and / or unloading line 14. Then, the control members 36A, 36B need to be actuated by the control unit 35 to be in their open state. Therefore, the gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid L obtained during the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid L in the loading and / or unloading line 14 can flow in the pipe 26 and then enter the supply line 20, reaching the storage tank 2 through the bypass channel 42. It is worth noting that when temperature control is performed using cryogenic fluid from the storage terminal 12, however, the drive of the control unit 35 to the control components 36A and 36B is subordinate to the temperature measurement performed by the temperature determining device 37; therefore, when the temperature obtained by the temperature determining device 37 is below a threshold, the control components 36A and 36B are driven to switch to their off state.

[0124] In the event of an operation involving loading and / or unloading of cryogenic liquid L from or into tank 2, and when temperature control is no longer in effect, control unit 35, upon detecting the open state of valve 11, commands the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B to switch to their closed state.

[0125] The method of using storage and processing equipment 1 will now be described. When needed, this method of use allows the aforementioned foaming phenomenon to be implemented in order to mix the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form within storage tank 2, thereby reducing the pressure within storage tank 2.

[0126] During operation, when a given pressure is reached inside tank 2 and at the outlet of compressor 24, control member 36 is opened by control system 34. It should be understood that these two pressures correspond to parameters verified by control system 34 before the control member switches to its open state.

[0127] The pressure within storage tank 2 is checked, corresponding to a first parameter checked by control system 34. This check includes several steps. In the first step, corresponding to the first step, temperature sensor 38B measures the temperature of the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form within storage tank 2, and control system 34 calculates the theoretical pressure within storage tank 2 based on the temperature measured by temperature sensor 38B. This theoretical pressure is calculated, for example, by a theoretical pressure calculator in control system 34. It corresponds to the pressure when the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form is completely mixed within storage tank 2. In an alternative embodiment, during the first step, pressure sensor 38A of the first measuring device 38 measures the pressure within storage tank 2, and control system 34 calculates the theoretical temperature of the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form based on the pressure measured by pressure sensor 38A.

[0128] In the second step, pressure sensor 38A of the first measuring device 38 measures the pressure inside the storage tank 2, and the control system 34 compares it with the theoretical pressure calculated in the first step. The control system 34 then obtains the pressure value corresponding to the difference between the theoretical pressure and the measured pressure. It should be noted that in some alternative embodiments, the method omits the temperature measurement performed by temperature sensor 38B, and then pressure sensor 38A performs measurements at defined time intervals to determine the rate of change of pressure within the storage tank 2. In the above alternative embodiment, during the second step, temperature sensor 38B of the first measuring device 38 measures the temperature of the cryogenic fluid L in liquid form within the storage tank 2, and the control system 34 compares it with the theoretical temperature calculated during the first step. The control system 34 then obtains the temperature value corresponding to the difference between the theoretical temperature and the measured temperature.

[0129] During the third step of checking the first parameter, the control system 34 compares the difference between the theoretical pressure and the measured pressure with a known threshold, for example, between 20 mbar and 100 mbar. In an alternative embodiment, the control system 34 compares the difference between the theoretical temperature and the measured temperature with a known threshold.

[0130] While checking the first parameter, the control system 34 checks the second parameter, which corresponds to checking the pressure at the outlet of the compressor 24.

[0131] Pressure sensor 40 measures the pressure of gas G generated by the evaporation of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form as it exits compressor 24. Control system 34 then compares this pressure, measured by pressure sensor 40, with a range of operating pressure values ​​for the consumption and / or processing system. If the measured pressure is within the range, consumption and / or processing system 22 receives its required gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form. Therefore, control system 34 commands control member 36 to open to deliver gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid to storage tank 2 to perform bubbling.

[0132] As described above, when both the first and second parameters are satisfied, the control system 34 opens the control component 36 to allow gas G generated by the evaporation of the liquid cryogenic fluid to be fed into the storage tank 2 for foaming. The gas G generated by the evaporation of the liquid cryogenic fluid in the storage tank 2 for foaming corresponds to an excess of gas that is not needed for the consumption and / or processing requirements of the system 22. Otherwise, the control component 36 remains in its closed state, and there is no return of gas G generated by the evaporation of the liquid cryogenic fluid to the storage tank 2.

[0133] Furthermore, if the first parameter is not satisfied during the check, the control system 34 commands the control member 36 to close, even if the second parameter is satisfied during the check. Conversely, if the second parameter is not satisfied during the check, the control system 34 commands the control member 36 to close, even if the first parameter is satisfied during the check. In other words, the control system 34 opens the control member 36 only when both the first and second parameters are satisfied.

[0134] When the control element 36 is in its open state, the compressor 24 can adjust its flow rate, more specifically, increase its flow rate, to meet the requirements of the consumption and / or processing system 22 for the gas G generated by the evaporation of the liquid cryogenic fluid.

[0135] It should be noted that, Figure 2 In the first variant shown, the method of use also allows for temperature control of the loading and / or unloading line 14 based on temperature measurements within the loading and / or unloading line 14 and / or based on the state of the valve 11 of the storage terminal 12 or storage device according to the invention.

[0136] Temperature control of the loading and / or unloading line 14 can be adjusted during loop flow operation. During this operation, a cryogenic fluid in liquid form L is extracted from the storage tank 2 using a pump 18. The cryogenic fluid L in liquid form flows through the loading and / or unloading line 14, where it evaporates to form a gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form. This gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form passes through pipe 26, supply line 20, and then bypasses the compressor 24 via bypass passage 42. The passage of the gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form via bypass passage 42 is driven by control valve 44, which must be in its open position. The gas G generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid in liquid form then flows into the top space 8 of the storage tank 2. The loop flow operation is performed until a suitable temperature is reached within the loading and / or unloading line 14.

[0137] For this variation of temperature regulation, the method of use may include a driving step, during which the control unit 35 drives the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B to switch from an open state to a closed state, or conversely, from their closed state to their open state.

[0138] The driving steps depend, for example, on a sub-step for measuring the temperature within the loading and / or unloading line. During this sub-step, the temperature determining device 37 monitors the temperature of the cryogenic fluid within the loading and / or unloading line 14 near the second end 30 of the pipe 26. The control unit 35 then compares the acquired temperature value with a threshold temperature value. If the temperature in the loading and / or unloading line 14 measured by the temperature determining device 37 is higher than the threshold, the control unit 35 drives the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B to switch to their open state. Conversely, if the temperature in the loading and / or unloading line 14 measured by the temperature determining device 37 is lower than the threshold, the control unit 35 drives the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B to switch to their closed state. Such a temperature below the temperature threshold can indicate the presence of a cryogenic fluid in liquid form L within the loading and / or unloading line 14. In this case, temperature regulation of the loading and / or unloading line 14 is prevented until the temperature exceeds the threshold.

[0139] Alternatively or additionally, when it is desired to use the liquid cryogenic fluid L from the storage terminal 12 for temperature regulation, the driving steps of the control unit 35 depend on the sub-step of opening the loading and / or unloading line 14 of the storage and processing device 1 or the valve 11 of the storage terminal 12.

[0140] Conversely, in addition to temperature control of the loading and / or unloading line 14, if the control unit 35 detects that the valve 11 is open, there is a risk of liquid cryogenic fluid L being present in the loading and / or unloading line 14 due to operations loading and / or unloading liquid cryogenic fluid L toward or from the storage terminal 12. In this case, the control unit 35 actuates the switching between the first control member 36A and the second control member 36B in their closed states. Then, temperature regulation of the loading and / or unloading line 14 is prevented as long as the liquid cryogenic fluid L flows within the loading and / or unloading line 14 for loading and / or unloading operations.

[0141] Therefore, the present invention provides a cryogenic fluid storage and processing device, wherein the presence of pipes and control components allows for the use of gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid cryogenic fluid when necessary for a foaming operation to mix the liquid cryogenic fluid while it is stored in a tank.

[0142] However, the invention is not limited to the devices and constructions described and illustrated herein, but extends to any equivalent devices and constructions, and any technically operable combinations thereof.

Claims

1. An apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids, comprising: At least one cryogenic fluid storage tank (2), the tank including a tank bottom (6) and a tank top space (8); a consumption and / or processing system (22); a loading and / or unloading line (14) for loading and / or unloading liquid cryogenic fluid (L), configured to connect at least the tank bottom (6) to a storage terminal (12); and a supply line (20) for supplying fuel prepared from gas generated by the evaporation of liquid cryogenic fluid (G) in the storage tank (2) to the consumption and / or processing system (22), the supply line (20) connecting at least the tank top space (8) to the consumption and / or processing system. (22), and includes at least one compressor (24) arranged between the storage tank (2) and the consumption and / or processing system (22); the cryogenic fluid storage and processing equipment (1) includes a pipe (26) connected at a first end (28) to the supply line (20) between the compressor (24) and the consumption and / or processing system (22), the pipe (26) being connected at a second end (30) to the bottom of the tank (6), the pipe (26) having a control element (36) for controlling the flow of gas (G) within the pipe (26).

2. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to claim 1, wherein, The second end (30) of the pipe (26) is connected to the loading and / or unloading line (14).

3. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to claim 1, wherein, The second end (30) of the pipe (26) leads to the bottom (6) of the tank.

4. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The pipe (26) is configured such that gas (G) generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid passes through the pipe (26).

5. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluid according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a first measuring device for measuring the pressure inside the tank (2) and / or the temperature (38) of the liquid cryogenic fluid (L) inside the tank (2).

6. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to claim 5, comprising a second measuring device (40) for measuring the pressure of gas (G) generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid at the outlet of the compressor (24).

7. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to any one of claims 5 and 6, comprising a control system (34) configured to turn the control member (36) on or off based on values ​​obtained by the first measuring device (38) and / or the second measuring device (40).

8. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to claim 7, wherein, The control element (36) is a first control element (36A), and the storage and processing device includes at least one second control element (36B).

9. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one valve (11).

10. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to any of the preceding claims, comprising at least one device (37) for determining the temperature of the cryogenic fluid flowing in the loading and / or unloading line (14).

11. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one control unit (35) configured to open or close the control member (36), preferably opening or closing the first control member (36A) and the second control member (36B).

12. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to claim 11, wherein, The control unit is configured to drive the control member (36) according to the temperature measured by the temperature determining device (37), preferably driving the first control member (36A) and the second control member (36B).

13. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to any one of the preceding claims in conjunction with claim 11, wherein, The control unit is configured to drive the control member (36) according to the state of the valve (11), preferably driving the first control member (36A) and the second control member (36B).

14. The apparatus (1) for storing and processing cryogenic fluids according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The pipe (26) is inclined between the supply line (20) and the loading and / or unloading line (14).

15. A structure configured for transporting and / or storing cryogenic fluids, comprising cryogenic fluid storage and processing equipment (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

16. A method of use for using the cryogenic fluid storage and processing apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein during the method of use, the control member (36) of the conduit (26) is opened to deliver gas (G) generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid to the bottom of the tank (6), and the control member (36) of the conduit (26) is closed to prevent the gas (G) generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid from returning to the bottom of the tank (6).

17. The method of use according to claim 16 in conjunction with claim 7, wherein, The opening and closing of the control component (36) is controlled by the control system (34).

18. The method of use according to claim 17, comprising a first step, a second step and a third step, wherein during the first step, the control system (34) calculates the theoretical pressure in the tank (2) based on the temperature measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device (38), during the second step, the control system (34) calculates the difference between the theoretical pressure and the actual pressure in the tank (2) measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device (38), and during the third step, the control system (34) compares the difference with a threshold.

19. The method of use according to claim 17, comprising: In the first step, during the first step, the control system (34) calculates the theoretical temperature of the cryogenic fluid (L) in liquid form inside the tank (2) based on the pressure measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device (38); in the second step, during the second step, the control system (34) calculates the difference between the theoretical temperature and the actual temperature inside the tank (2) measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device (38); And a third step, during which the control system (34) compares the difference with a threshold.

20. The method of use according to claim 17, comprising the steps of measuring the pressure and / or temperature in the tank (2) by means of the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device (38), and the steps of the control system (34) comparing the rate of change of the pressure and / or temperature with a reference value.

21. The method of use according to any one of claims 17 to 20, comprising a comparison phase during which the control system (34) compares the pressure of the gas (G) generated by the evaporation of the cryogenic fluid at the outlet of the compressor (24) as measured by the second pressure measuring device (40) with the range of operating pressure values ​​of the consumption and / or processing system (22).

22. The method of use according to claim 21, wherein, When the measured pressure is within the operating pressure range of the consumption and / or processing system (22), the control system (34) commands the control component (36) to open.

23. The method of use according to claim 22 in conjunction with claim 18, wherein, If the difference between the theoretical pressure compared during the third step and the actual pressure inside the tank (2) measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device (38) is greater than a threshold, the control system (34) commands the control member (36) to open.

24. The method of use according to claim 23 in conjunction with claim 19, wherein, If the difference between the theoretical temperature compared during the third step and the actual temperature inside the tank (2) measured by the first pressure and / or temperature measuring device (38) is greater than a threshold, the control system (34) commands the control member (36) to open.

25. The method of use according to any one of claims 16 to 24, the method of use being used with the cryogenic fluid storage and processing device (1) according to claim 11, the method of use comprising the steps of driving the control member (36) via the control unit (35), preferably driving the first control member (36A) and the second control member (36B).

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein, A time delay is provided between the switching of the first control member (36A) from its open state to its closed state and the switching of the second control member (36B) from its open state to its closed state.

27. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 26 in conjunction with claim 10, wherein, During the driving steps of the control unit (35), if the temperature determining device (37) detects a temperature below a threshold, the first control member (36A) and / or the second control member (36B) switch from their open state to their closed state.

Images