Integrated Flue Gas Desulfurization, Denitrification, and Decarbonization Method Based on a Centrifugal Reactor

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of flue gas treatment technology. It discloses an integrated flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization method based on a hypergravity reactor. S1: Flue gas is pressurized by a booster fan and then enters a concentration and cooling tower for heat exchange and cooling. S31: If the flue gas detection device fails to meet the requirements, the flue gas enters the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device connected in series via a series return gas branch for secondary treatment. S32: If the flue gas detection device meets the requirements, the flue gas enters the main flue gas emission path via the series return gas branch and the flue gas emission branch. The main flue gas emission path transmits the flue gas to the hypergravity decarbonization reactor. The secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device is ultra-thin and divided into multiple vertically distributed sections, ensuring that the grading is performed in the same or nearly identical space, reducing the height of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device and minimizing energy consumption during initial operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flue gas treatment technology, specifically to an integrated method for flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization based on a centrifugal reactor. Background Technology

[0002] The volume of flue gas generated by steel plants is affected by production status, production cycle, and products, resulting in variations in exhaust gas volume and harmful substance concentration. While hypergravity can enhance gas-liquid mixing and reaction, hypergravity reactors present the following challenges when handling steel plant exhaust gas production:

[0003] To handle the large flow rates of flue gas from steel plants, the centrifugal reactor requires an increased aeration area for the rotating packing material, leading to a larger packing volume. Consequently, the actuator needs significant kinetic energy to rotate the packing. However, due to variations in steel plant emissions, the flow rate and pollutant concentration of secondary flue gas (smaller flow rate and lower pollutant concentration) during the centrifugal reaction are far greater than the actual flow rate and pollutant concentration of the flue gas, resulting in excessive energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated method for flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization based on a supergravity reactor, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] The integrated flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization method based on a centrifugal reactor includes:

[0007] S1: After the flue gas is pressurized by the booster fan, it enters the concentration and cooling tower, where heat exchange and cooling are carried out. The flue gas is cooled in the concentration and cooling tower.

[0008] S2: Then the flue gas is introduced into the dust collector to separate the flue gas and dust;

[0009] S3: Adjust the rotor flow meter to pressurize the pretreated flue gas and introduce it into the ultragravity desulfurization and denitrification reactor. The flue gas enters the ultragravity desulfurization and denitrification reactor and ammonia water and / or the tail liquid of S4 are introduced into the ultragravity desulfurization and denitrification reactor to absorb sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. The ammonia water or the tail liquid of S4 is introduced into the secondary thin-plate ultragravity treatment device at the bottom through the ammonia water injection pipeline. The gas contacts and reacts with the liquid in the ultra-high speed rotating packing. The tail liquid after the reaction is discharged from the bottom of the device and enters the liquid storage mechanism. The state of the flue gas and the tail liquid after treatment by the secondary thin-plate ultragravity treatment device are monitored by the absorbent detection device and the flue gas detection device.

[0010] S31: When the flue gas detection device fails the test, the flue gas enters the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device connected in series through the series return gas branch for secondary treatment.

[0011] S32: When the flue gas detection device passes the test, the flue gas enters the flue gas emission main through the series return gas branch and the flue gas emission branch, and the flue gas emission main is used to transmit the flue gas to the super gravity decarbonization reaction device.

[0012] S4: The flue gas from S3 enters the supergravity decarbonization reactor under pressurization. After ammonia water is introduced into the supergravity decarbonization reactor, the S3 step is repeated. The tail liquid after the reaction is discharged from the bottom of the device into the storage tank. The recovered liquid is returned to the supergravity desulfurization and denitrification reactor through the storage tank for desulfurization and denitrification. The gas is discharged from the top of the device to the tail gas emission device.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the initial flue gas or the flue gas after S3 treatment enters through the side of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device, then moves obliquely upward through the packing towards the center of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device, and enters the side of the upper secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device through the top of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device and the series return gas branch.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the tail liquid after processing S3 and S4 is independently stored inside the secondary thin-film supergravity treatment device and detected by the absorption liquid detection device.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the bend of the series return gas branch is connected to the flue gas emission main through the flue gas emission branch, and the gas flow direction is controlled by valves at both ends of the flue gas emission branch and both ends of the series return gas branch.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the side smoke inlet pipe of the secondary thin-film hypergravity treatment device located at the bottom is pressurized once by a pressurizing mechanism, and the flue gas located in the series return gas branch is pressurized a second time at the series return gas branch by the pressurizing mechanism before entering the upper secondary thin-film hypergravity treatment device.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device is ultra-thinned and divided into multiple vertically distributed units, ensuring that grading is carried out in the same or nearly the same space. This reduces the height of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device, while the near-horizontal channel length allows for further contact between the flue gas and liquid, ensuring thorough mixing. However, as the flue gas flow rate increases, the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device cannot completely process the flue gas, reducing the treatment effect. After being collected by the flue gas detection device, the flue gas is transported in series to the side of the upper-level series-connected secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device for secondary treatment until the flue gas collected by the flue gas detection device meets the requirements. The purpose of this method is to address the issue of secondary flue gas treatment in the early stages of production and processing. By using multiple secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment devices in coordination, the energy consumption during hypergravity treatment increases with the increase of flue gas, solving the problem of efficient and low-energy consumption treatment of steel plant exhaust gas under unpredictable conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the hypergravity treatment device in the integrated method of flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and decarbonization based on a hypergravity reactor;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hypergravity treatment device in the integrated method of flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and decarbonization based on a hypergravity reactor.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hypergravity treatment device in the integrated method of flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and decarbonization based on a hypergravity reactor;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a process for an integrated flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization method based on a centrifugal reactor.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Secondary thin-plate supergravity treatment device; 2. Ammonia water dosing pipeline; 3. Absorbent liquid detection device; 4. Flue gas detection device; 5. Series return gas branch; 6. Flue gas emission branch; 7. Flue gas emission main. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Please see Figures 1-4 :

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] In this embodiment, S1: the flue gas from the hot air furnace is 140-160°C. After the flue gas is pressurized by the booster fan, it enters the concentration and cooling tower for heat exchange and cooling. The flue gas is cooled in the concentration and cooling tower, and the temperature of the flue gas after cooling in the concentration and cooling tower drops to between 50 and 60°C.

[0028] S2: Then the flue gas is introduced into the dust collector to separate the flue gas and dust.

[0029] S3: The pretreated flue gas contains SO2 and NO. X CO2, the pretreated flue gas is pressurized and fed into the ultragravity desulfurization and denitrification reactor under the regulating rotor flow meter. The ultragravity desulfurization and denitrification reactor is filled with ammonia water and / or S4 tail liquid to absorb sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. The ammonia water or S4 tail liquid is fed into the lowermost secondary thin-plate ultragravity treatment device 1 through ammonia water injection pipe 2. The gas comes into countercurrent contact with the liquid in the ultra-high speed rotating packing and reacts. The tail liquid after the reaction is discharged from the bottom of the device and enters the liquid storage mechanism. The state of the flue gas and tail liquid after treatment by the secondary thin-plate ultragravity treatment device 1 is monitored by the absorbent detection device 3 and the flue gas detection device 4.

[0030] S31: When the flue gas detection device 4 fails the test, the flue gas enters the secondary thin-plate super gravity treatment device 1 connected in series through the series return gas branch 5 for secondary treatment.

[0031] S32: When the flue gas detection device 4 passes the test, the flue gas enters the flue gas emission main 7 through the series return gas branch 5 and flue gas emission branch 6, and the flue gas emission main 7 transmits the flue gas to the super gravity decarbonization reaction device.

[0032] In embodiments S3-S32, the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 is ultra-thinned and divided into multiple vertically distributed sections to ensure grading within the same or nearly identical space. The packing material inside the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 is also thinned. This minimizes energy loss during initial operation, while allowing for subsequent increases as needed. To increase flue gas throughput and gas-liquid mixing efficiency while maintaining thinness, the packing material inside the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 is sealed to the end of the chamber via a dynamic sealing structure, forming an annular gas-tail liquid chamber around the periphery of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1. (See also...) Figure 2The solid line represents the gas flow direction, and the dashed line represents the liquid flow direction. Under increased pressure, the flue gas pressure inside the annular gas-tail liquid chamber increases. Although the packing material inside the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 rotates at high speed, under pressure, the flue gas moves in the opposite direction from the outer periphery of the packing material to the inner periphery. The liquid spraying mechanism in the middle of the packing material sprays liquid onto the inner ring of the packing material. Under high-speed rotation, the liquid flows rapidly to the outside, allowing the gas and liquid to come into contact within the packing channel. The liquid is then thrown to the outside and enters the annular gas-tail liquid chamber, descending to the bottom. During normal operation, although the height of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 is reduced, the near-horizontal channel length allows for further contact between the flue gas and liquid, ensuring thorough mixing. However, when the flue gas flow rate increases, the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 cannot completely process the flue gas, resulting in a decrease in the flue gas treatment effect. After being collected by the flue gas detection device 4, the flue gas is transported by the series return gas branch 5 to the side of the upper-level series-connected secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 for secondary treatment until the flue gas collected by the flue gas detection device 4 is qualified. The purpose of this method is to address the issue of secondary flue gas treatment in the early stages of production and processing. By using multiple stages of secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment devices 1 in coordination, the energy consumption during hypergravity treatment increases with the increase of flue gas, thereby increasing the energy efficiency ratio. At the same time, the flue gas detection device 4 detects the state of the tail liquid, reflecting the mixing condition of the tail liquid and flue gas, and the liquid dosage can be adjusted according to the tail liquid condition.

[0033] In embodiments S3-S32, after the exhaust gas moves from the side to the center, it is concentrated in the center and transported to the upper secondary thin-film supergravity treatment device 1, which can ensure that the flue gas passes through a consistent length and ensure uniformity.

[0034] S4: The flue gas from S3 enters the supergravity decarbonization reactor under pressurization. After ammonia water is introduced into the supergravity decarbonization reactor, the S3 step is repeated. The tail liquid after the reaction is discharged from the bottom of the device into the storage tank. The recovered liquid is returned to the supergravity desulfurization and denitrification reactor through the storage tank for desulfurization and denitrification. The gas is discharged from the top of the device to the tail gas emission device.

[0035] In this embodiment, the ultragravity desulfurization and denitrification equipment and the ultragravity decarbonization equipment are operated in series. This ensures absorption efficiency during the absorption process, controls ammonia escape, reduces energy consumption, effectively controls ammonia escape during decarbonization, and removes SO2 and NO from the flue gas. X CO2 is converted into by-products ammonium sulfate and ammonium bicarbonate, enabling the unit to operate stably for a long period of time and thus achieving "ultra-low emissions".

[0036] In this embodiment, the initial flue gas or the flue gas after S3 treatment both enter through the side of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1, then move obliquely upward through the packing towards the middle of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1, and enter the side of the upper secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 through the top of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 and the series return gas branch 5.

[0037] In this embodiment, the packing cross-section inside the secondary thin-film supergravity treatment device 1 has horizontal structures at both the inner and outer ends and an inclined structure in the middle. The horizontal structure is to increase the rotational sealing structure, and the purpose of the inclined middle is to allow the flue gas to move from the bottom to the top, increasing the passage length within the same horizontal area, thus increasing the gas-liquid mixing path. It also lowers the rotation center of the rotating component. In the longitudinal direction, the rotational actuator needs to be installed below, while providing installation space for the drive motor, thereby improving the utilization rate of the longitudinal space.

[0038] In this embodiment, the tail liquid after processing S3 and S4 is independently stored inside the secondary thin-film supergravity treatment device 1 and detected by the absorbent detection device 3.

[0039] In this embodiment, the purpose of this method is to accurately distinguish the flue gas treatment effect and treatment status when operating independently at each stage, so as to improve and adjust the subsequent process and make the method more integrated into the steel plant.

[0040] In this embodiment, the bend of the series return gas branch 5 is connected to the flue gas emission main 7 through the flue gas emission branch 6. The gas flow direction is controlled by valves at both ends of the flue gas emission branch 6 and both ends of the series return gas branch 5.

[0041] In this embodiment, after the flue gas detection device 4 detects unqualified flue gas, it closes the valve of the flue gas emission branch 6, allowing the series return gas branch 5 to connect the two secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment devices 1. The flue gas then enters the upper secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 for secondary treatment. When the flue gas detection device 4 detects qualified flue gas, the connection between the series return gas branch 5 and the upper secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 is closed. The series return gas branch 5, the flue gas emission branch 6, and the flue gas emission main 7 are then connected, allowing the flue gas to flow into the flue gas emission main 7 and into the hypergravity carbon removal equipment or other flue gas treatment equipment.

[0042] In this embodiment, the side smoke inlet pipe of the secondary thin-film hypergravity treatment device 1 located at the bottom is pressurized once by the pressurizing mechanism, and the flue gas located in the series return gas branch 5 is pressurized a second time by the pressurizing mechanism at the series return gas branch 5 before entering the upper secondary thin-film hypergravity treatment device 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, a side-entry method is adopted to make the flue gas react better. However, as the flue gas enters the upper-secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1, the flue gas pressure decreases. Therefore, the flue gas can be pressurized twice at the upper-secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device 1 through the pressurization mechanism in the series return gas branch 5.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integrated flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization based on a centrifugal reactor, characterized in that: include: S1: After the flue gas is pressurized by the booster fan, it enters the concentration and cooling tower, where heat exchange and cooling are carried out. The flue gas is cooled in the concentration and cooling tower. S2: Then the flue gas is introduced into the dust collector to separate the flue gas and dust; S3: Adjust the rotor flow meter to introduce the pretreated flue gas into the super gravity desulfurization and denitrification reaction device under pressure. Enter the super gravity desulfurization and denitrification reaction device and introduce ammonia water and / or tail liquid of S4 into the super gravity desulfurization and denitrification reaction device to absorb sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. The secondary thin-plate super gravity treatment device (1) is ultra-thin and divided into multiple vertically distributed. Ammonia water or tail liquid of S4 is introduced into the lowermost secondary thin-plate super gravity treatment device (1) through ammonia water injection pipeline (2). The gas contacts the liquid in the opposite direction and reacts in the ultra-high speed rotating packing. The tail liquid after the reaction is discharged from the bottom of the device into the liquid storage mechanism. The state of the flue gas and tail liquid after the treatment by the secondary thin-plate super gravity treatment device (1) is monitored by the absorbent detection device (3) and the flue gas detection device (4). S31: When the flue gas detection device (4) fails the test, the flue gas enters the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device (1) connected in series through the series return gas branch (5) for secondary treatment. S32: When the flue gas detection device (4) passes the test, the flue gas enters the flue gas emission main (7) through the series return gas branch (5) and the flue gas emission branch (6), and the flue gas emission main (7) transmits the flue gas to the super gravity decarbonization reaction device. S4: The flue gas from S3 enters the supergravity decarbonization reactor under pressurization. After ammonia water is introduced into the supergravity decarbonization reactor, the S3 step is repeated. The tail liquid after the reaction is discharged from the bottom of the device into the storage tank. The recovered liquid is returned to the supergravity desulfurization and denitrification reactor through the storage tank for desulfurization and denitrification. The gas is discharged from the top of the device to the tail gas emission device.

2. The integrated flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization method based on a centrifugal reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial flue gas or the flue gas after S3 treatment both enter through the side of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device (1), and then move upward through the packing towards the middle of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device (1). They then enter the side of the upper secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device (1) through the top of the secondary thin-plate hypergravity treatment device (1) and the series return gas branch (5).

3. The integrated flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization method based on a centrifugal reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail liquid after S3 and S4 treatment is stored independently inside the secondary thin-film supergravity treatment device (1) and detected by the absorption liquid detection device (3).

4. The integrated flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization method based on a centrifugal reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bend of the series return gas branch (5) is connected to the flue gas emission branch (6) and the main flue gas emission branch (7). Both ends of the flue gas emission branch (6) and both ends of the series return gas branch (5) are controlled by valves to control the gas flow direction.

5. The integrated flue gas desulfurization, denitrification, and decarbonization method based on a centrifugal reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side smoke inlet pipe of the secondary thin-film hypergravity treatment device (1) located at the bottom is pressurized once by the pressurizing mechanism. The flue gas located in the series return gas branch (5) is pressurized a second time by the pressurizing mechanism at the series return gas branch (5) and enters the upper secondary thin-film hypergravity treatment device (1).

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