Construction method for pebble revetment of ecological river channel

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of an ecological riverway pebble revetment, which comprises the following steps of: surveying and lofting a reinforced bank section, and screening and cleaning riverway desilting pebbles; a foundation is excavated, and the slope toe of the existing protection slope is scabbled; concrete large square feet are poured and connected with old structure embedded steel bars to form an integral foundation; an auxiliary supporting frame is installed, and the drainage pipe is fixed and adjusted to the designed gradient; a mortar stone retaining wall and a dry-laid pebble surface protection layer are synchronously built from bottom to top, and the drainage pipe is embedded in the mortar stone retaining wall and the dry-laid pebble surface protection layer to form fish scale-shaped Laying inverted filter blind ditches layer by layer, and backfilling and compacting; concrete is poured on the top to cop, and finally curing and ecological restoration are conducted. Local pebble materials are utilized, the drainage pipe is accurately positioned through the auxiliary supporting frame, the new and old structure collaborative stress and layered compaction technology is combined, the anti-scouring, anti-sliding and drainage durability of the revetment is effectively improved, and overall optimization of structure safety, ecological friendliness and construction efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological slope protection technology, specifically relating to a construction method for ecological river pebble bank protection. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of ecological civilization construction and the popularization of the concept of integrated watershed management in my country, the shortcomings of traditional riverbank protection structures in terms of ecological function, landscape coordination, and sustainability have become increasingly prominent. Especially in the management projects of mountain streams, due to the characteristics of rapid water flow, large water level fluctuations, and riverbed rich in pebbles, higher requirements are placed on the erosion resistance, permeability stability, and ecological compatibility of the bank protection structures.

[0003] While existing ecological revetment technologies have made progress in improving ecological connectivity, they often face a triple challenge in terms of structure, process, and economy when dealing with the aforementioned harsh hydrogeological conditions: traditional dry-laid stone revetment structures are loose and lack sufficient erosion resistance; flexible ecological structures are sensitive to foundation settlement and have poor durability; and most processes fail to systematically address key issues such as drainage failure behind the wall, recycling of local materials, and precision control during construction, making it difficult to balance long-term safety, ecological benefits, and cost efficiency in engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a technical solution for the construction of ecological river pebble revetments, addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies. This method not only utilizes locally sourced materials, achieving material recycling through river dredging pebbles and reducing project costs, but also constructs a stable gravity-type composite structure resistant to erosion and sliding through a rigid, large-foot foundation and a synergistic stress-bearing design between the old and new structures, combined with layered compacted backfill behind the wall. Most importantly, the auxiliary support frame allows for precise pre-positioning and slope adjustment of the drainage pipes, and the simultaneous masonry process accurately embeds the drainage pipes into the retaining wall and revetment layer, ensuring reliable communication between the outlet end and the fish-scale-shaped perforations of the revetment, significantly improving the reliability and durability of the drainage system. The resulting revetment combines excellent flood control safety, permeability stability, natural ecological landscape, and long-term durability, achieving a holistic optimization of engineering structure, drainage function, ecological restoration, and construction efficiency.

[0005] To solve the technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A construction method for ecological river pebble revetment includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Conduct a current situation survey and measurement of the reinforced bank section, and screen and clean the original pebbles generated from river dredging;

[0008] Step 2: Excavate the foundation of the revetment to the design elevation, and roughen the existing slope toe to form a rough bonding surface;

[0009] Step 3: Pour a large concrete base at the toe of the slope as the foundation of the revetment, so that the large concrete base and the existing slope, which has been roughened, can form an integral load-bearing structure through rebar installation and concrete pouring.

[0010] Step 4: After the concrete foundation is completed, install auxiliary support frames at the designed location on the back of the revetment wall, install the drainage pipes onto the auxiliary support frames for positioning and temporary fixation, and then adjust the auxiliary support frames to adjust the drainage pipes to the designed slope.

[0011] Step 5: Starting from the top of the large square base, perform the following operations layer by layer according to the design elevation:

[0012] (1) Simultaneously and on the same floor, the inner masonry retaining wall and the outer facing layer are constructed. The inner masonry retaining wall is constructed with cement mortar. During the construction process, the drainage pipe is constructed and fixed in the wall so that the drainage pipe and the masonry retaining wall form an integral whole. The outer facing layer is constructed by dry-laying pebbles after screening and washing to form a facing layer with a fish scale texture. During the dry-laying process, the water outlet end of the drainage pipe is embedded in the gap of the facing layer and kept exposed and unobstructed.

[0013] (2) After the single-layer masonry retaining wall and the facing layer are built to the preset height, the auxiliary support frame shall be removed;

[0014] (3) A reverse filter blind ditch made of graded crushed stone wrapped with geotextile is laid on the back of the masonry retaining wall, and the water inlet end of the drainage pipe is wrapped with the reverse filter blind ditch.

[0015] (4) The back area of ​​the masonry retaining wall is backfilled with permeable filler in layers and compacted in layers. Drainage pipes and reverse filter blind ditches are also gradually buried in the backfill soil.

[0016] Step Six: After the main body of the revetment has been constructed in layers to the design elevation, pour a concrete capping at the top of the revetment;

[0017] Step 7: Maintain the revetment structure and carry out ecological restoration of the construction disturbance area.

[0018] Furthermore, in step one above, the selected pebbles have a particle size between 15 and 30 cm, are flat or elliptical in shape, and have a compressive strength of not less than 50 MPa. Limiting the parameters of the pebble material ensures the structural stability of the dry-laid revetment layer under high-speed water erosion. Flat or elliptical pebbles easily form a fish-scale interlocking texture, enhancing overall erosion resistance; a compressive strength greater than 50 MPa guarantees the long-term durability of the revetment from the material itself; and a reasonable particle size design ensures that the revetment balances permeability and erosion prevention.

[0019] Furthermore, in step two, the roughening depth is not less than 10mm, which significantly increases the surface roughness and mechanical interlocking force between the existing slope protection and the newly poured concrete base. Combined with the rebar installation measures, the old and new structures form a reliable overall load-bearing system, effectively resisting uneven settlement and horizontal thrust caused by sudden changes in the water level of mountain streams and rivers, and enhancing the overall stability of the bank protection against overturning and sliding.

[0020] Furthermore, in step four above, the drainage pipes are PVC pipes, and the drainage pipes are evenly distributed in the horizontal direction at 2m intervals. PVC pipes are corrosion-resistant and easy to process, ensuring the service life of the drainage pipes. Reasonable spacing of the drainage pipes can ensure drainage efficiency and improve the overall stability of the revetment.

[0021] Furthermore, in step four above, the auxiliary support frame includes a base support plate, an adjusting plate, and a positioning plate. The base support plate has fixing holes and two symmetrically arranged positioning studs. The adjusting plate is movably fitted onto the two positioning studs and fixed by clamping nuts. The adjusting plate has a dovetail slider, on which an adjusting slider is slidably engaged. One end of the positioning plate is hinged to the adjusting slider via a connecting rod one, and the other end is hinged to the adjusting plate via a connecting rod two. An adjusting screw is threaded through the middle of the adjusting slider, and both ends of the adjusting screw are connected to the adjusting plate via bearing seats. The section plate is fixed, and one end of the adjusting screw is connected to the operating panel. The two ends of the positioning plate are symmetrically equipped with support fixing parts. Through the hierarchical combination of the bottom support plate, adjusting plate, and positioning plate, and in conjunction with the linkage adjustment mechanism composed of dovetail slider, adjusting screw, and connecting rod, the installation height and longitudinal slope of the drainage pipe can be finely adjusted. The vertical height is adjusted by the clamping nut on the positioning stud, and the longitudinal slope is driven by the operating panel to drive the adjusting screw to push the connecting rod mechanism to swing and tilt. This structure has high rigidity and flexible adjustment, and can quickly complete the positioning of the drainage pipe under complex slope conditions, providing a reliable benchmark for subsequent masonry.

[0022] Furthermore, in step four above, the installation steps for the auxiliary support frame are as follows:

[0023] a. According to the drainage pipe layout requirements, place several auxiliary support frames along the length of the back wall of the revetment, and measure and determine the distance between two adjacent auxiliary support frames so that the distance is equal to the distance between two adjacent drainage pipes.

[0024] b. The bottom surface of the bottom support plate is equipped with positioning teeth. Pressing and tapping the bottom support plate will cause the positioning teeth to be fully embedded into the excavated slope soil behind the revetment wall, and the auxiliary support frame will be further fixed by anchor bolts and fixing holes.

[0025] The lateral spacing of the auxiliary support frame is strictly matched with the design spacing of the drainage pipe to facilitate the precise pre-positioning of the drainage pipe and ensure the accuracy of the subsequent installation position of the entire row of drainage pipes. Then, the positioning teeth are embedded in the slope soil and anchor screws are used for double fixing to ensure the installation of the auxiliary support frame is firm and stable, and to prevent the auxiliary support frame itself from loosening or shifting and affecting the overall installation and positioning of the drainage pipe.

[0026] Furthermore, the installation steps for the auxiliary support frames also include: auxiliary perforations are provided on the bottom support plate, and several auxiliary support frames are connected in series by passing traction ropes through the auxiliary perforations. The two ends of the traction ropes are then fixed to the slope surface using anchor piles. Based on the individual fixing of each auxiliary support frame, multiple auxiliary support frames in the same row are connected in series to form a whole using traction ropes, and the two ends of the traction ropes are anchored to the slope surface using anchor piles. This significantly improves the overall stability of the auxiliary support frame array in complex construction environments and enhances construction safety.

[0027] Furthermore, in step four above, the installation steps of the drain pipe on the auxiliary support frame are as follows:

[0028] a. The support and fixing components include a fixing seat, a clamping ring, and an auxiliary bracket. The fixing seat is provided with an arc-shaped groove. The fixing seat is fixed to the positioning plate with screws. Two mounting studs are symmetrically arranged on the fixing seat. The clamping ring is sleeved between the two mounting studs, and a fastening nut is provided on the top of the mounting studs. The fixing seat is provided with a support rod, and the support rod is provided with a through hole. The auxiliary bracket is provided with a connecting stud. The connecting stud passes through the through hole and connects to the locking nut. At the same time, a compression spring is sleeved on the connecting stud section between the support rod and the auxiliary bracket.

[0029] b. Place the drain pipe into the arc-shaped groove of the fixing seat of the two supporting fasteners, put the clamp ring on the two mounting studs, and then screw the fastening nut into the mounting studs and tighten it, so that the drain pipe is limited and fixed between the fixing seat and the clamp ring.

[0030] c. Loosen the locking nut. The auxiliary clip moves upward under the rebound force of the compression spring until the auxiliary clip touches the bottom surface of the drain pipe. Tighten the locking nut.

[0031] The "fixed seat and clamping ring" form a rigid primary constraint, providing reliable radial clamping force. Simultaneously, the spring-driven auxiliary clamping bracket creates a flexible auxiliary support: after loosening the locking nut, the spring releases its preload, pushing the auxiliary clamping bracket upwards to support the drain pipe from below, eliminating installation gaps and providing continuous support reaction force. This design facilitates quick assembly and disassembly and effectively prevents the drain pipe from sagging due to its own weight or construction disturbances before the mortar initially sets, ensuring its spatial positioning accuracy.

[0032] Furthermore, in step four above, the adjustment steps for the auxiliary support frame are as follows:

[0033] a. By rotating the adjusting screw on the control panel, the adjusting slider moves along the dovetail slider, causing the positioning plate to swing and tilt, so that the drain pipe is adjusted to the designed drainage slope;

[0034] b. Loosen the clamping nut, move the adjusting plate along the positioning stud, and the adjusting plate will drive the positioning plate to move vertically in sync until the drain pipe is adjusted to the set installation height, and then tighten the clamping nut.

[0035] The stepless slope fine adjustment can be achieved by rotating the adjustment screw on the control panel. With the height locking mechanism of the clamping nut, the drainage pipe can be quickly adjusted to the designed drainage slope and installation elevation on site. The operation is simple, the repeatability is high, and the construction efficiency is improved. At the same time, it ensures that each drainage pipe meets the active drainage requirements.

[0036] The present invention, by employing the technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] This invention effectively solves the long-standing structural instability and drainage failure problems of riverbank revetments in mountain streams under high flow velocity and large-amplitude hydrological conditions by combining an integrated chemical method that uses "precise positioning of drainage pipes with auxiliary support frames" with "simultaneous construction of masonry retaining walls and pebble facing layers." This method not only utilizes locally sourced materials, achieving material recycling through river dredging pebbles and reducing project costs, but also constructs a stable gravity-type composite structure resistant to erosion and sliding through a rigid, large-foot foundation and a synergistic stress-bearing design between the old and new structures, combined with layered compacted backfilling behind the wall. Most importantly, the auxiliary support frames allow for precise pre-positioning and slope adjustment of the drainage pipes, and the simultaneous masonry process precisely embeds the drainage pipes into the retaining wall and facing layer, ensuring reliable communication between the outlet end and the fish-scale-shaped openings in the facing layer, significantly improving the reliability and durability of the drainage system. The resulting revetment combines excellent flood control safety, permeability stability, natural ecological landscape, and long-term durability, achieving a holistic optimization of engineering structure, drainage function, ecological restoration, and construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage pipe when it is placed on the auxiliary support frame in this invention;

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support frame in this invention;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure when the auxiliary card holder is not installed.

[0044] In the diagram: 1-Auxiliary support frame; 2-Drainage pipe; 3-Bottom support plate; 4-Adjusting plate; 5-Positioning plate; 6-Fixing hole; 7-Positioning stud; 8-Clamping nut; 9-Dovetail slider; 10-Adjusting slider; 11-Connecting rod one; 12-Connecting rod two; 13-Adjusting screw; 14-Bearing seat; 15-Operating panel; 16-Support fixing component; 17-Positioning teeth; 18-Auxiliary through hole; 19-Traction rope; 20-Fixing seat; 21-Clamping ring; 22-Auxiliary clip; 23-Arc groove; 24-Mounting stud; 25-Support rod; 26-Through hole; 27-Connecting stud; 28-Locking nut; 29-Compression spring; 30-Fastening nut. Detailed Implementation

[0045] like Figures 1 to 5 The diagram illustrates a construction method for ecological riverbank revetment based on pebbles, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Conduct a site survey of the reinforced bank section and complete the measurement and layout according to the design drawings. Utilize the existing pebbles obtained from river dredging as the main building material, and screen the pebbles. The screened pebbles should have a particle size between 15 and 30 cm, be flat or oval in shape, and have a compressive strength of not less than 50 MPa. After screening, the pebbles are centrally washed to remove surface mud and sand, and then sorted and stacked according to specifications for later use. Limiting the parameters of the pebble material ensures that the dry-laid revetment maintains structural stability under high-speed water erosion. Flat or oval pebbles easily form a fish-scale interlocking texture, enhancing the overall erosion resistance. A compressive strength greater than 50 MPa ensures the long-term durability of the revetment from the material itself, while the reasonable particle size design allows the revetment to balance permeability and erosion prevention.

[0047] Step Two: Excavate the revetment foundation to the design elevation. Roughen the exposed concrete surface of the existing slope toe to a depth of at least 10mm to create a rough and clean bonding surface. Limiting the roughening depth can significantly increase the surface roughness and mechanical interlocking force between the existing slope and the newly poured concrete toe. Combined with rebar installation, this allows the old and new structures to form a reliable overall load-bearing system, effectively resisting uneven settlement and horizontal thrust caused by sudden changes in the water level of mountain streams and rivers, and enhancing the overall stability of the revetment against overturning and sliding.

[0048] Step 3: After the excavation is completed, set up the formwork and pour the concrete foundation. Before pouring, insert steel bars into the roughened old slope toe according to the design. During pouring, ensure that the new concrete is fully bonded to the roughened surface and the steel bars to form an integral load-bearing foundation.

[0049] Step 4: After the concrete foundation is completed, install auxiliary support frame 1 at the designed location on the back of the revetment wall. Install drainage pipe 2 onto auxiliary support frame 1 for positioning and temporary fixation. Then adjust auxiliary support frame 1 to adjust drainage pipe 2 to the designed slope. Drainage pipe 2 is a PVC pipe, and drainage pipe 2 is evenly distributed in the horizontal direction at a spacing of 2m. PVC pipe is corrosion-resistant and easy to process, ensuring the service life of drainage pipe 2. Reasonable spacing of drainage pipe 2 can ensure drainage efficiency and improve the overall stability of the revetment.

[0050] To precisely control the installation slope and elevation of the drainage pipe 2, this invention employs a dedicated auxiliary support frame 1 (such as...). Figures 1 to 5 As shown), the auxiliary support frame 1 includes a base support plate 3, an adjusting plate 4, and a positioning plate 5. The base support plate 3 has fixing holes 6 and two symmetrically arranged positioning studs 7. The adjusting plate 4 is movably fitted onto the two positioning studs 7 and is fixed by clamping nuts 8. The adjusting plate 4 has a dovetail slider 9, on which an adjusting slider 10 is slidably engaged. One end of the positioning plate 5 is hinged to the adjusting slider 10 via a connecting rod 11. Both ends of the connecting rod 11 are hinged to the positioning plate 5 and the adjusting slider 10, respectively. The other end of the positioning plate 5 is hinged to the adjusting plate 4 via a connecting rod 2 12. One end of the connecting rod 2 12 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 5, and the other end is hinged to the adjusting plate 4. The middle part of the adjusting slider 10... An adjusting screw 13 is threaded through the pipe. Both ends of the adjusting screw 13 are fixed to the adjusting plate 4 via bearing seats 14. One end of the adjusting screw 13 is connected to an operating disc 15. Support fixing parts 16 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the positioning plate 5. Through the hierarchical combination of the bottom support plate 3, the adjusting plate 4, and the positioning plate 5, and in conjunction with the linkage adjustment mechanism consisting of the dovetail slider 9, the adjusting screw 13, and the connecting rod, the installation height and longitudinal slope of the drainage pipe 2 can be finely adjusted. The vertical height is adjusted by the clamping nut 8 on the positioning stud 7, and the longitudinal slope is driven by the operating disc 15 to drive the adjusting screw 13 to push the connecting rod mechanism to swing and tilt. This structure has high rigidity and flexible adjustment, and can quickly complete the positioning of the drainage pipe 2 under complex slope conditions, providing a reliable benchmark for subsequent masonry.

[0051] The specific usage method of auxiliary support frame 1 is as follows:

[0052] S1, Installation of auxiliary support frame 1:

[0053] a. According to the layout design requirements of drainage pipe 2, place several auxiliary support frames 1 along the length of the back wall of the revetment, and measure and determine the distance between two adjacent auxiliary support frames 1 so that the distance is equal to the distance between two adjacent drainage pipes 2.

[0054] b. The bottom surface of the bottom support plate 3 is provided with positioning teeth 17. Pressing and tapping the bottom support plate 3 will cause the positioning teeth 17 to be fully embedded into the excavated slope soil behind the revetment wall, and the auxiliary support frame 1 will be further fixed by anchor bolts and fixing holes 6.

[0055] c. The bottom support plate 3 is provided with auxiliary through holes 18. Several auxiliary support frames 1 are connected in series by passing through the auxiliary through holes 18 with traction ropes 19, and the two ends of the traction ropes 19 are fixed to the slope surface by fixing piles.

[0056] The lateral spacing of the auxiliary support frame 1 is strictly matched with the designed spacing of the drainage pipe 2 to facilitate precise pre-positioning of the drainage pipe 2 and ensure the accuracy of the subsequent installation position of the entire row of drainage pipes 2. Furthermore, the double fixation of the auxiliary support frame 1 by embedding the positioning teeth 17 into the slope soil and anchor bolts ensures the firmness and stability of the auxiliary support frame 1 installation, preventing subsequent loosening or displacement of the auxiliary support frame 1 that could affect the overall installation and positioning of the drainage pipe 2. In addition to the individual fixation of each auxiliary support frame 1, multiple auxiliary support frames 1 in the same row are connected in series to form a whole using traction ropes 19, and the two ends of the traction ropes 19 are anchored to the slope surface through fixing piles. This greatly improves the collective stability of the auxiliary support frame 1 array in complex construction environments and enhances construction safety.

[0057] S2, Fixed drain pipe 2:

[0058] a. The support and fixing component 16 includes a fixing seat 20, a clamping ring 21, and an auxiliary bracket 22. The fixing seat 20 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 23. The fixing seat 20 is fixed to the positioning plate 5 with screws. Two mounting studs 24 are symmetrically arranged on the fixing seat 20. The clamping ring 21 is sleeved between the two mounting studs 24, and a fastening nut 30 is provided on the top of the mounting studs 24. The fixing seat 20 is provided with a support rod 25, and a through hole 26 is provided on the support rod 25. The auxiliary bracket 22 is provided with a connecting stud 27. The connecting stud 27 passes through the through hole 26 and is connected to the locking nut 28. At the same time, a compression spring 29 is sleeved on the connecting stud 27 section between the support rod 25 and the auxiliary bracket 22. The compression spring 29 is always in a compressed state.

[0059] b. Place the drain pipe 2 into the arc-shaped groove 23 of the fixing seat 20 of the two support fixing parts 16, put the clamp ring 21 onto the two mounting studs 24, and then screw the fastening nut 30 into the mounting studs 24 and lock it, so that the drain pipe 2 is limited and fixed between the fixing seat 20 of the two support fixing parts 16 and the clamp ring 21.

[0060] c. Loosen the locking nut 28. The auxiliary bracket 22 moves upward under the rebound force of the compression spring 29 until the auxiliary bracket 22 touches the bottom surface of the drain pipe 2. Then tighten the locking nut 28.

[0061] The "fixed seat 20 and clamping ring 21" constitute a rigid main constraint, providing reliable radial clamping force. Simultaneously, the auxiliary clamping bracket 22, driven by the compression spring 29, forms a flexible auxiliary support: after loosening the locking nut 28, the compression spring 29 releases its preload, pushing the auxiliary clamping bracket 22 upwards to support the drain pipe 2 from below, eliminating installation gaps and providing continuous support reaction force. This design facilitates quick assembly and disassembly and effectively prevents the drain pipe 2 from sagging due to its own weight or construction disturbances before the mortar initially sets, ensuring its spatial positioning accuracy.

[0062] S3, Adjust auxiliary support frame 1:

[0063] a. By rotating the adjusting screw 13 through the operating panel 15, the adjusting slider 10 moves along the dovetail slider 9, causing the positioning plate 5 to swing and tilt, so that the drain pipe 2 is adjusted to the designed drainage slope.

[0064] b. Loosen the clamping nut 8, move the adjusting plate 4 along the positioning stud 7, and the adjusting plate 4 will drive the positioning plate 5 to move vertically in sync until the drain pipe 2 is adjusted to the set installation height, and then tighten the clamping nut 8.

[0065] The stepless slope fine adjustment can be achieved by rotating the adjusting screw 13 through the control panel 15. With the height locking mechanism of the clamping nut 8, the drainage pipe 2 can be quickly adjusted to the designed drainage slope and installation elevation on site. The operation is simple, the repeatability is high, and the construction efficiency is improved. At the same time, it ensures that each drainage pipe 2 meets the active drainage requirements.

[0066] Step 5: Starting from the top of the large square base, construct layer by layer upwards according to the design elevation. The construction of each layer includes the following steps:

[0067] (1) On the outside of the already positioned drainage pipe 2 (near the river channel), the inner masonry retaining wall and the outer protective layer are constructed simultaneously and in the same layer. The inner masonry retaining wall is constructed with cement mortar. During the construction process, the drainage pipe 2 is constructed and fixed in the wall so that the drainage pipe 2 and the masonry retaining wall form an integral whole. The outer protective layer is constructed by dry-laying pebbles after screening and washing. During dry-laying, the long axis of the pebbles is perpendicular to the slope, and the staggered pressing method is used to form a protective layer with fish scale texture and porous structure. The outlet end of the drainage pipe 2 is embedded in the gap of the pebbles in the protective layer and kept exposed and unobstructed.

[0068] (2) After the single-layer masonry retaining wall and the facing layer are built to the preset height, the auxiliary support frame 1 on the back of the wall is removed. Then, a reverse filter blind ditch made of graded crushed stone wrapped with geotextile is laid on the back of the masonry retaining wall to ensure that the water inlet end of the drainage pipe 2 is wrapped with the reverse filter blind ditch material.

[0069] (3) The back area of ​​the masonry retaining wall is backfilled with permeable filler (such as sandy soil and gravel) in layers and compacted in layers. During this process, the drainage pipe 2 and the reverse filter blind ditch are also gradually buried in the backfill soil.

[0070] Step Six: After the main body of the revetment is constructed to the design elevation in layers, pour a concrete capping at the top of the revetment to enhance its overall integrity.

[0071] Step 7: After construction is completed, the revetment structure shall be regularly watered for maintenance for no less than 7 days. Finally, the disturbed area shall be cleaned and leveled, and native plants shall be used for ecological restoration in accordance with local conditions.

[0072] This invention effectively solves the long-standing structural instability and drainage failure problems of riverbank protection in mountain streams under high flow velocity and large-amplitude hydrological conditions by combining "precise positioning of drainage pipe 2 with auxiliary support frame 1" and "simultaneous construction of masonry retaining wall and pebble facing layer". This method not only utilizes local materials, such as river dredging pebbles, to achieve local material recycling and reduce engineering costs, but also constructs a stable gravity composite structure that is resistant to erosion and sliding through rigid large square foot foundation and coordinated stress design of new and old structures, combined with layered compacted backfill behind the wall. Most importantly, the auxiliary support frame 1 allows for precise pre-positioning and slope adjustment of drainage pipe 2, and the simultaneous masonry process precisely embeds drainage pipe 2 into the retaining wall and facing layer, ensuring reliable communication between its outlet end and the fish-scale-shaped openings of the facing layer, significantly improving the reliability and durability of the drainage system. The resulting revetment combines excellent flood control safety, permeability stability, natural ecological landscape, and long-term durability, achieving a holistic optimization of engineering structure, drainage function, ecological restoration, and construction efficiency.

[0073] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on the present invention to achieve substantially the same technical effect are all covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for ecological river pebble revetment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a current situation survey and measurement of the reinforced bank section, and screen and clean the original pebbles generated from river dredging; Step 2: Excavate the foundation of the revetment to the design elevation, and roughen the existing slope toe to form a rough bonding surface; Step 3: Pour a large concrete base at the toe of the slope as the foundation of the revetment, so that the large concrete base and the existing slope, which has been roughened, can form an integral load-bearing structure through rebar installation and concrete pouring. Step 4: After the concrete foundation is completed, install auxiliary support frames at the designed location on the back of the revetment wall, install the drainage pipes onto the auxiliary support frames for positioning and temporary fixation, and then adjust the auxiliary support frames to adjust the drainage pipes to the designed slope. Step 5: Starting from the top of the large square base, perform the following operations layer by layer according to the design elevation: (1) Simultaneously and on the same floor, the inner masonry retaining wall and the outer facing layer are constructed. The inner masonry retaining wall is constructed with cement mortar. During the construction process, the drainage pipe is constructed and fixed in the wall so that the drainage pipe and the masonry retaining wall form an integral whole. The outer facing layer is constructed by dry-laying pebbles after screening and washing to form a facing layer with a fish scale texture. During the dry-laying process, the water outlet end of the drainage pipe is embedded in the gap of the facing layer and kept exposed and unobstructed. (2) After the single-layer masonry retaining wall and the facing layer are built to the preset height, the auxiliary support frame shall be removed; (3) A reverse filter blind ditch made of graded crushed stone wrapped with geotextile is laid on the back of the masonry retaining wall, and the water inlet end of the drainage pipe is wrapped with the reverse filter blind ditch. (4) The back area of ​​the masonry retaining wall is backfilled with permeable filler in layers and compacted in layers. Drainage pipes and reverse filter blind ditches are also gradually buried in the backfill soil. Step Six: After the main body of the revetment has been constructed to the design elevation in layers, pour a concrete capping at the top of the revetment; Step 7: Maintain the revetment structure and carry out ecological restoration of the construction disturbance area.

2. The construction method for an ecological river pebble revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one above, the selected pebbles have a particle size between 15 and 30 cm, are flat or elliptical in shape, and have a compressive strength of not less than 50 MPa.

3. The construction method for an ecological river pebble revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the roughening depth shall not be less than 10 mm.

4. The construction method for an ecological river pebble revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four above, the drain pipe is a PVC pipe, and the drain pipes are evenly distributed in the horizontal direction at 2m intervals.

5. The construction method for an ecological river pebble revetment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four above, the auxiliary support frame includes a base support plate, an adjusting plate, and a positioning plate. The base support plate has fixing holes and two positioning studs symmetrically arranged on it. The adjusting plate is movably fitted onto the two positioning studs and is fixed by clamping nuts. The adjusting plate has a dovetail slider, on which an adjusting slider is slidably engaged. One end of the positioning plate is hinged to the adjusting slider via a connecting rod one, and the other end is hinged to the adjusting plate via a connecting rod two. An adjusting screw is threaded through the middle of the adjusting slider, and both ends of the adjusting screw are fixed to the adjusting plate via bearing seats. One end of the adjusting screw is connected to an operating disc, and both ends of the positioning plate are symmetrically provided with supporting fixing parts.

6. The construction method for an ecological river pebble revetment according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step four above, the installation steps for the auxiliary support frame are as follows: a. According to the drainage pipe layout requirements, place several auxiliary support frames along the length of the back wall of the revetment, and measure and determine the distance between two adjacent auxiliary support frames so that the distance is equal to the distance between two adjacent drainage pipes. b. The bottom surface of the bottom support plate is equipped with positioning teeth. Pressing and tapping the bottom support plate will cause the positioning teeth to be fully embedded into the excavated slope soil behind the revetment wall, and the auxiliary support frame will be further fixed by anchor bolts and fixing holes.

7. The construction method for an ecological river pebble revetment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The installation steps of the auxiliary support frame also include: auxiliary holes are provided on the bottom support plate, several auxiliary support frames are connected in series by passing a traction rope through the auxiliary holes, and the two ends of the traction rope are fixed to the slope surface by fixing piles.

8. A construction method for an ecological riverbed pebble revetment according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step four above, the installation steps for the drain pipe on the auxiliary support frame are as follows: a. The support and fixing component includes a fixing seat, a clamping ring, and an auxiliary bracket. The fixing seat is provided with an arc-shaped groove. The fixing seat is fixed to the positioning plate with screws. Two mounting studs are symmetrically arranged on the fixing seat. The clamping ring is sleeved between the two mounting studs, and a fastening nut is provided on the top of the mounting studs. The fixing seat is provided with a support rod, and the support rod is provided with a through hole. The auxiliary bracket is provided with a connecting stud. The connecting stud passes through the through hole and connects to the locking nut. At the same time, a compression spring is sleeved on the connecting stud section between the support rod and the auxiliary bracket. b. Place the drain pipe into the arc-shaped groove of the fixing seat of the two supporting fasteners, put the clamp ring on the two mounting studs, and then screw the fastening nut into the mounting studs and tighten it, so that the drain pipe is limited and fixed between the fixing seat and the clamp ring. c. Loosen the locking nut. The auxiliary clip moves upward under the rebound force of the compression spring until the auxiliary clip touches the bottom surface of the drain pipe. Tighten the locking nut.

9. A construction method for an ecological riverbed pebble revetment according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step four above, the adjustment steps for the auxiliary support frame are as follows: a. By rotating the adjusting screw on the control panel, the adjusting slider moves along the dovetail slider, causing the positioning plate to swing and tilt, so that the drain pipe is adjusted to the designed drainage slope; b. Loosen the clamping nut, move the adjusting plate along the positioning stud, and the adjusting plate will drive the positioning plate to move vertically in sync until the drain pipe is adjusted to the set installation height, and then tighten the clamping nut.

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