Slope building basement exterior wall structure, water guide blind ditch structure and water circulation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of slope building engineering, in particular to a slope building basement exterior wall structure, a water guide blind ditch structure and a water circulation system. The structure comprises a foundation, a foundation raft, a basement outer wall, an outer wall waterproof protection brick moulding bed and a water guide blind ditch structure arranged at the bottom of a fertilizer groove. The water guide blind ditch structure collects underground water through the multiple water filtering layers and the perforated water collecting pipe and is connected to the storage unit. By arranging the multi-layer inverted filter structure, lateral underground water of the basement outer wall of the slope building is effectively dredged, ordered collection, pressure reduction, seepage prevention, blockage resistance and durability of the underground water and cyclic utilization of water resources are achieved, and the problems that in the prior art, a drainage structure is prone to blockage, water resources are wasted, and intelligent regulation and control cannot be achieved are solved; and the method has remarkable environmental protection benefits and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction, specifically to an exterior wall structure for a basement of a hillside building, a drainage ditch structure, and a water circulation system. Background Technology

[0002] Due to significant elevation differences in hillside construction, basement exterior walls are constantly subjected to the combined effects of lateral groundwater, fissure water from the mountain, and surface infiltration. Uneven water pressure distribution leads to localized water accumulation in the basement exterior wall trenches, resulting in engineering quality problems such as exterior wall leakage, structural cracking, basement uplift, dampness in the floor slab, or settlement and collapse of roads above the trench backfill area. Traditional basement exterior wall waterproofing often uses rigid or semi-rigid waterproofing structures such as rolled waterproofing and coating waterproofing, which do not effectively release lateral water pressure and are prone to delamination, peeling, damage, and leakage over time. Conventional blind drain drainage structures are simple, easily clogged by silt, and their drainage capacity gradually decreases over time. Furthermore, the collected water is directly discharged into the municipal pipe network, failing to achieve resource utilization and not meeting the requirements of sponge cities and green buildings. In existing technologies, drainage structures and water resource reuse systems are mostly independent, lacking an integrated system of "water diversion – pressure reduction – seepage prevention – purification – storage – reuse".

[0003] Therefore, we propose a basement exterior wall structure, drainage ditch structure, and water circulation system for sloped buildings to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an exterior wall structure for a basement of a building on a slope, a drainage ditch structure, and a water circulation system.

[0005] This invention provides a basement exterior wall structure for a hillside building, comprising a foundation, a foundation raft slab, a basement exterior wall, and a waterproof protective brick formwork for the exterior wall. A concrete pad is laid on top of the foundation, and the surface of the concrete pad is leveled with M20 mortar to form a mortar leveling layer. The foundation raft slab is located above the mortar leveling layer, and the basement exterior wall is located on top of the foundation raft slab. A waterproof membrane is laid on the outer side of the basement exterior wall and the outer side of the foundation raft slab. The waterproof protective brick formwork for the exterior wall is installed on the outer wall of the waterproof membrane by masonry.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the foundation raft is provided with a C20 fine stone concrete waterproof protective layer, and the C20 fine stone concrete waterproof protective layer is poured on the waterproof membrane on top of the mortar leveling layer.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the foundation raft slab is provided with a flange for connection to the basement exterior wall.

[0008] Preferably, an additional layer of waterproof membrane is laid at the internal and external corners of the side walls of the foundation raft slab, the outer side walls of the flanged edges, and the outer side walls of the basement exterior walls near the flanged edges.

[0009] Preferably, the outer side of the waterproof membrane is coated with a mortar protective layer.

[0010] Preferably, an external wall waterstop steel plate is embedded and cast into the top of the flange, and the external wall waterstop steel plate is embedded in the basement exterior wall and is horizontally positioned.

[0011] A drainage ditch structure applied to the basement exterior wall structure of the aforementioned sloping building, wherein the bottom of the trench of the basement exterior wall structure is filled with a C15 slope-finding concrete layer, a C15 fine stone concrete pad layer is provided on top of the C15 slope-finding concrete layer, a coarse sand is laid on top of the C15 fine stone concrete pad layer, a perforated water collection pipe is arranged on top of the coarse sand, a pebble filter layer for wrapping the perforated water collection pipe is laid on top of the C15 fine stone concrete pad layer, a gravel filter layer is wrapped and covered on the outside of the pebble filter layer, a coarse sand filter layer is wrapped and covered on the outside of the gravel filter layer, and one side of the coarse sand filter layer is closely attached to the waterproof protective brick formwork of the basement exterior wall. The remaining space in the trench of the basement exterior wall structure is backfilled with 3:7 lime-soil mixture. A storage unit is provided at one end of the drainage ditch structure in the foundation, and the storage unit is connected to the perforated water collection pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the perforated water collection pipe is wrapped with geotextile.

[0013] Preferably, the storage unit is equipped with an overflow pipe, and a variable frequency water pump is installed inside the storage unit. The variable frequency water pump is connected to a pressure stabilizing device through a water pipe. The outlet of the pressure stabilizing device is connected to a water supply network. A liquid level sensor is installed inside the storage unit, and a flow sensor is installed at the outlet of the variable frequency water pump. A solenoid valve is installed on the water supply network, and an Internet of Things (IoT) controller is fixed on the water supply network. The IoT controller is connected to the liquid level sensor, the flow sensor, the solenoid valve, and the variable frequency water pump.

[0014] A water circulation system for a drainage ditch on the exterior wall of a basement in a hillside building, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Water Conduction and Filtration: A water-conducting blind ditch is set at the bottom of the trench on the outer wall of the basement of the building on the slope. The water-conducting blind ditch includes a pebble filter layer, a gravel filter layer and a coarse sand filter layer arranged from the inside to the outside. Groundwater, mountain fissure water and surface seepage water are filtered through the coarse sand filter layer, the gravel filter layer and the pebble filter layer in sequence, and then collected into a perforated water collection pipe buried in the pebble filter layer. S2. Collection and storage: The perforated water collection pipe collects groundwater and allows it to flow by gravity to the storage unit connected to it for storage. S3, Intelligent Monitoring: The water level in the storage unit is monitored in real time by a liquid level sensor installed in the storage unit, and the water level signal is transmitted to the Internet of Things controller; S4. Automatic reuse: When the water level in the storage unit reaches the preset height and there is a water demand, the IoT controller automatically starts the variable frequency water pump, and after the water in the storage unit is stabilized by the pressure stabilizing device, it is transported to the water point through the water supply network. S5. Overflow and Water Replenishment: When the water level in the storage unit exceeds the preset overflow level, the excess water is discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe network through the overflow pipe; when the water level in the storage unit is lower than the preset minimum water level, the IoT controller controls the solenoid valve to automatically switch to the tap water replenishment pipe for water replenishment. Compared with related technologies, the present invention provides the following beneficial effects: Significant pressure reduction and seepage prevention effect: By setting up a multi-layer waterproof structure and drainage blind ditch, groundwater on the outside of the exterior wall is continuously drained, reducing hydrostatic pressure and fundamentally reducing the risk of leakage; Anti-clogging and durable: The multi-layer reverse filtration structure, consisting of a pebble filter layer, a gravel filter layer, and a coarse sand filter layer, effectively prevents siltation, significantly reduces the probability of blind drain blockage, and has a long service life. Efficient water reuse: The collected seepage water and groundwater are purified and reused for greening irrigation, site spraying, etc., with a high water saving rate, which meets the requirements of sponge city. Adaptable to sloping terrain: Relying on gravity for self-flow, it has low energy consumption, flexible layout, and adapts to complex terrains such as mountains, slopes, and terraces; Intelligent operation and maintenance: Through IoT controllers and various sensors, fully automatic operation is achieved, eliminating the need for frequent manual intervention and ensuring stable and reliable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Fig. 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the entire invention; Fig. 2 This is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the present invention; Fig. 3 This is a flow chart of the water circulation system of the present invention.

[0016] The diagram labels are as follows: 1. Foundation; 2. Concrete cushion layer; 3. Mortar leveling layer; 4. Waterproof membrane; 5. C20 fine aggregate concrete waterproof protective layer; 6. Foundation raft slab; 7. Exterior wall waterstop steel plate; 8. Basement exterior wall; 9. Additional layer of waterproof membrane; 10. Exterior wall waterproof protective brick formwork; 11. C15 slope-finding concrete; 12. C15 fine aggregate concrete cushion layer; 13. Pebble filter layer; 14. Coarse sand; 15. Perforated water collection pipe; 16. Gravel filter layer; 17. Coarse sand filter layer; 18. 3:7 lime-soil mixture; 19. Storage unit; 20. Reclaimed water supply unit; 20-1. Variable frequency water pump; 20-2. Pressure stabilizing device; 20-3. Water supply network; 21. Intelligent control unit; 21-1. Liquid level sensor; 21-2. Flow sensor; 21-3. Solenoid valve; 21-4. Internet of Things controller. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Please refer to the following: Figs. 1 to 3 A drainage ditch structure and water circulation system for the basement exterior wall of a hillside building, mainly including the basement exterior wall structure, the drainage ditch structure, the storage unit, the reuse water supply unit and the intelligent control unit.

[0019] Specifically, the structure includes a foundation 1, a concrete cushion layer 2, a mortar leveling layer 3, a waterproof membrane 4, a C20 fine stone concrete waterproof protective layer 5, a foundation raft slab 6, an external wall waterstop steel plate 7, a basement exterior wall 8, an additional layer of waterproof membrane 9, an external wall waterproof protective brick formwork 10, C15 slope-finding concrete 11, a C15 fine stone concrete cushion layer 12, a pebble filter layer 13, coarse sand 14, a Ф200 perforated water collection pipe 15, a gravel filter layer 16, a coarse sand filter layer 17, a 3:7 lime-soil mixture 18, a storage unit 19, a recycled water supply unit 20, and an intelligent control unit 21.

[0020] The aforementioned foundation 1 is a natural foundation or a composite foundation, which is the load-bearing foundation of the entire structure.

[0021] The aforementioned concrete cushion layer 2 is placed on top of the foundation 1, and its surface is leveled with M20 mortar to form a mortar leveling layer 3, facilitating subsequent foundation waterproofing installation. After the mortar leveling layer 3 reaches the required strength, a foundation waterproofing membrane 4 is laid on its surface, sealing and wrapping the entire foundation raft slab 6 structure to form a closed waterproof barrier. To improve the waterproofing performance of vulnerable areas such as corners, an additional waterproofing membrane layer 9 is installed at the corners where the mortar leveling layer 3 meets the foundation brick formwork. The width of the additional layer should be no less than 500mm, and the width on both sides of the corner should be no less than 250mm.

[0022] A C20 fine aggregate concrete waterproof protective layer 5 is poured onto the surface of the waterproof membrane 4 to protect the base waterproof membrane 4 from damage during subsequent construction processes. During the pouring of the foundation raft slab 6 concrete, a 500mm high concrete upturn is installed on the basement exterior wall 8, and an exterior wall waterstop steel plate 7 is installed at the top of the concrete upturn. The exterior wall waterstop steel plate 7 is installed horizontally within the basement exterior wall 8 of the sloping building.

[0023] The exterior wall waterproof protective brick formwork 10 is set on the outer wall of the exterior wall waterproof membrane 4 by masonry and is closely attached to the exterior wall waterproof membrane 4, which serves to protect the waterproof layer and act as a template for one side of the drainage blind ditch.

[0024] C15 slope-finding concrete 11 is poured at the bottom of the trench of the basement exterior wall 8 in the sloping building project. It is mainly used for leveling and slope-finding the bottom of the trench of the basement exterior wall 8 in the sloping building project. The slope is 2%, so that the groundwater can flow smoothly to the water collection pipe. C15 fine stone concrete cushion layer 12 is set on the top of C15 slope-finding concrete 11 as the base layer of the upper filter layer.

[0025] Coarse sand 14 is laid on the surface of C15 fine stone concrete cushion layer 12, with a size of 100mm×50mm, and a Ф200 perforated water collection pipe 15 is installed on top of the coarse sand 14. The perforated water collection pipe 15 is wrapped with geotextile to filter and prevent fine particles from entering the pipe and causing blockage.

[0026] A pebble filter layer 13 is laid on top of the C15 fine aggregate concrete base layer 12, and covers the Ф200 perforated water collection pipe 15. The pebble filter layer 13 is 700mm wide and 450mm high. A gravel filter layer 16 is laid outside the pebble filter layer 13, and completely covers the pebble filter layer 13. The gravel filter layer 16 is 1200mm wide and 570mm high. A coarse sand filter layer 17 is laid outside the gravel filter layer 16, and completely covers the gravel filter layer 16. The coarse sand filter layer 17 is 1420mm wide and 690mm high, and one side is tightly attached to the basement exterior wall waterproof protective brick formwork 10. The aforementioned pebble filter layer 13, gravel filter layer 16, and coarse sand filter layer 17 together constitute a multi-layer reverse filtration structure. The particle size gradually decreases from the inside to the outside, which can effectively guide water and prevent soil particle loss, and has excellent anti-clogging performance.

[0027] Sanqi Huitu 18 is the backfill material for the basement exterior wall of the 8-compost trench in the construction project on the slope. During the backfilling process, it is compacted in layers, with each layer being 200mm thick and the compaction coefficient being ≥0.94, to ensure the density and stability of the backfill soil.

[0028] Storage unit 19 is an underground enclosed water storage tank or a modular rainwater storage module, connected to a drainage ditch structure, used to collect groundwater, fissure water from the mountain, and surface infiltration water collected from the drainage ditch. The spacing between storage units can be set according to the actual terrain and water demand, preferably one unit every 100m. An overflow pipe is also installed to connect to the municipal rainwater pipe network to prevent backflow in case of excessive rainwater.

[0029] The reuse water supply unit 20 includes a variable frequency water supply pump 20-1, a pressure stabilizing device 20-2, and a water supply network 20-3, and is used for non-potable water purposes such as greening irrigation, site spraying, garage washing, and road dust suppression.

[0030] The intelligent control unit 21 includes a level sensor 21-1, a flow sensor 21-2, a solenoid valve 21-3, and an IoT controller 21-4. The level sensor 21-1 is installed in the storage unit 19 to monitor the water level in real time. The flow sensor 21-2 is installed at the outlet of the variable frequency water pump 20-1 to monitor the water supply flow rate. The solenoid valve 21-3 is installed on the water supply network 20-3 to control the on / off state of each water branch. The IoT controller 21-4 receives signals from each sensor and automatically controls the start and stop of the variable frequency water pump 20-1 and the solenoid valve 21-3 according to a preset program, realizing functions such as automatic collection, automatic purification, automatic reuse, overflow switching, and automatic replenishment of tap water when water is insufficient.

[0031] The working principle of the drainage ditch structure and water circulation system of the basement exterior wall of this hillside building is as follows: First, the construction of the basement exterior wall structure is carried out. On the foundation 1, a concrete pad layer 2, a mortar leveling layer 3 are constructed in sequence, followed by the laying of waterproof membrane 4 and an additional layer of waterproof membrane 9. A C20 fine aggregate concrete waterproof protective layer 5 is poured, then the reinforcing steel is tied, formwork is erected, the foundation raft slab 6 and the flange are poured, and an external wall waterstop steel plate 7 is pre-embedded on the top of the flange. After that, the basement exterior wall 8 is constructed, with waterproof membrane 4 laid on the outside of the exterior wall, and the exterior wall waterproof protective brick formwork 10 is built.

[0032] After the basement exterior wall structure is completed, the drainage ditch at the bottom of the fertilizer trench is constructed. C15 leveling concrete 11 is poured at the bottom of the trench to create a 2% slope, followed by a C15 fine aggregate concrete subbase 12. Coarse sand 14 is laid on the subbase, and perforated water collection pipes 15 wrapped with geotextile are installed. Then, a pebble filter layer 13, a gravel filter layer 16, and a coarse sand filter layer 17 are laid sequentially to form a multi-layered reverse filtration structure. Finally, the fertilizer trench is backfilled and compacted in layers with a 3:7 lime-soil mixture 18.

[0033] When groundwater, fissure water, and surface infiltration water seep into the fertilizer tank, it first passes through layers of filtration: coarse sand filter layer 17, gravel filter layer 16, and pebble filter layer 13. The silt in the water is intercepted step by step, and the clean water is collected in the perforated collection pipe 15. The water in the perforated collection pipe 15 flows by gravity to the storage unit 19 for storage.

[0034] When the water level in storage unit 19 reaches a preset height, the level sensor 21-1 transmits a signal to the IoT controller 21-4. Based on water demand, the IoT controller 21-4 automatically starts the variable frequency water pump 20-1, and after the water is stabilized by the pressure stabilizing device 20-2, it is delivered to each water point through the water supply network 20-3. When water usage stops at a point, the flow sensor 21-2 detects a decrease in flow, and the IoT controller 21-4 automatically stops the variable frequency water pump 20-1.

[0035] When the water level in storage unit 19 is too low, the IoT controller 21-4 can control the solenoid valve 21-3 to automatically switch to the tap water supply line to ensure uninterrupted water supply. When the water level in storage unit 19 is too high, the excess water is discharged into the municipal stormwater network through the overflow pipe.

[0036] The entire system operates fully automatically through the IoT controller 21-4, requiring no manual intervention and ensuring stable and reliable operation.

[0037] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A basement exterior wall structure for a hillside building, characterized in that, The structure includes a foundation (1), a foundation raft slab (6), a basement exterior wall (8), and a waterproof protective brick formwork (10). A concrete cushion layer (2) is laid on top of the foundation (1). The surface of the concrete cushion layer (2) is leveled with M20 mortar to form a mortar leveling layer (3). The foundation raft slab (6) is located above the mortar leveling layer (3). The basement exterior wall (8) is located on top of the foundation raft slab (6). Waterproof membrane (4) is laid on the outside of the basement exterior wall (8) and the outside of the foundation raft slab (6). The waterproof protective brick formwork (10) is set on the outer wall of the waterproof membrane (4) by masonry.

2. The basement exterior wall structure for a hillside building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the foundation raft slab (6) is provided with a C20 fine stone concrete waterproof protective layer (5), and the C20 fine stone concrete waterproof protective layer (5) is poured on the waterproof membrane (4) on top of the mortar leveling layer (3).

3. The basement exterior wall structure for a hillside building according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the foundation raft slab (6) is provided with a flange for connection to the basement exterior wall (8).

4. The basement exterior wall structure for a hillside building according to claim 3, characterized in that, Waterproof membrane additional layer (9) is laid at the inside and outside corners of the side wall of the foundation raft slab (6), the outer side wall of the flange, and the outer side wall of the basement exterior wall (8) near the flange.

5. The basement exterior wall structure for a hillside building according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer side of the waterproof membrane (4) is coated with a mortar protective layer.

6. The basement exterior wall structure for a hillside building according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the flange is embedded with an external wall waterstop steel plate (7), and the external wall waterstop steel plate (7) is embedded in the basement exterior wall (8) and is set horizontally.

7. A drainage ditch structure applied to the exterior wall structure of a basement in a hillside building as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The basement exterior wall structure has a C15 sloping concrete layer (11) poured at the bottom of the trench. A C15 fine aggregate concrete layer (12) is placed on top of the C15 sloping concrete layer (11). Coarse sand (14) is laid on top of the C15 fine aggregate concrete layer (12). Perforated water collection pipes (15) are installed on top of the coarse sand (14). A pebble filter layer (13) for wrapping the perforated water collection pipes (15) is laid on top of the C15 fine aggregate concrete layer (12). The outer side of the filter layer (13) is covered with a gravel filter layer (16), and the outer side of the gravel filter layer (16) is covered with a coarse sand filter layer (17). One side of the coarse sand filter layer (17) is closely attached to the waterproof protective brick formwork (10) of the basement exterior wall. The remaining space in the trench of the basement exterior wall structure is backfilled with 3:7 lime-soil (18). A storage unit (19) is provided at one end of the drainage blind ditch structure in the foundation (1), and the storage unit (19) is connected to the perforated water collection pipe (15).

8. The drainage ditch structure for the basement exterior wall of a hillside building according to claim 7, characterized in that, The perforated water collection pipe (15) is wrapped with geotextile.

9. The drainage ditch structure for the basement exterior wall of a hillside building according to claim 7, characterized in that, The storage unit (19) is equipped with an overflow pipe. A variable frequency water pump (20-1) is installed inside the storage unit (19). The variable frequency water pump (20-1) is connected to a pressure stabilizing device (20-2) through a water pipe. The outlet of the pressure stabilizing device (20-2) is connected to a water supply network (20-3). A liquid level sensor (21-1) is installed inside the storage unit (19). A flow sensor (21-2) is installed at the outlet of the variable frequency water pump (20-1). A solenoid valve (21-3) is installed on the water supply network (20-3). An Internet of Things controller (21-4) is fixed on the water supply network (20-3). The Internet of Things controller (21-4) is connected to the liquid level sensor (21-1), the flow sensor (21-2), the solenoid valve (21-3), and the variable frequency water pump (20-1).

10. A water circulation system for a drainage ditch on the exterior wall of a basement in a hillside building as described in any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Water Conduction and Filtration: A water conduction blind ditch is set at the bottom of the trench on the outer wall of the basement of the building on the slope. The water conduction blind ditch includes a pebble filter layer (13), a gravel filter layer (16) and a coarse sand filter layer (17) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. Groundwater, mountain fissure water and surface seepage water are filtered through the coarse sand filter layer (17), the gravel filter layer (16) and the pebble filter layer (13) in sequence, and then collected into the perforated water collection pipe (15) buried in the pebble filter layer (13). S2. Collection and storage: The perforated water collection pipe (15) will collect groundwater and allow it to flow by gravity to the storage unit (19) connected to it for storage. S3, Intelligent monitoring: The water level in the storage unit (19) is monitored in real time by a liquid level sensor (21-1) installed in the storage unit (19), and the water level signal is transmitted to the Internet of Things controller (21-4). S4. Automatic reuse: When the water level in the storage unit (19) reaches the preset height and there is a demand for water, the Internet of Things controller (21-4) automatically starts the variable frequency water pump (20-1), and after the water in the storage unit (19) is stabilized by the pressure stabilizing device (20-2), it is transported to the water point through the water supply network (20-3); S5. Overflow and water replenishment: When the water level in the storage unit (19) exceeds the preset overflow level, the excess water is discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe network through the overflow pipe; when the water level in the storage unit (19) is lower than the preset minimum water level, the Internet of Things controller (21-4) controls the solenoid valve (21-3) to automatically switch to the tap water replenishment pipeline for water replenishment.

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