Detection method for weld joint bonding area of chromium-containing coating cladding pipe and related device
By moving a single ultrasonic sensor along the axis and circumference, combined with thin-walled echo signal differences and A/C scanning technology, the problem of low detection accuracy of weld joint length and non-fusion defects was solved, and high-precision weld joint detection was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511542061.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the detection accuracy of the weld joint length of chromium-coated cladding pipes is low, and there is a problem of mutual interference in the detection of non-fusion defects.
A single first ultrasonic sensor is moved along the axial and circumferential directions. By utilizing the difference in thin-wall echo signals of ultrasonic signals, combined with A-scan and C-scan techniques, the length of the weld joint zone and the lack of fusion defects are determined.
It improves the accuracy of weld joint length detection, can accurately determine the axial length of the weld joint and detect non-fusion defects, and avoids mutual interference between multiple probes.
Smart Images
Figure CN121994926A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear power technology, and in particular to a method and related apparatus for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding tube. Background Technology
[0002] Nuclear fuel rods are the core components in a nuclear reactor that enable nuclear fission and release heat energy. They can include nuclear fuel pellets, chromium-coated cladding tubes, and end plugs. The nuclear fuel pellets are placed in the chromium-coated cladding tubes, and the end plugs seal both ends of the chromium-coated cladding tubes to ensure the complete sealing of the nuclear fuel pellets.
[0003] Currently, pressure resistance welding technology is commonly used to achieve the welding seal between the end plug and the chromium-coated cladding tube. In this pressure resistance welding technology, the weld joint length at both ends of the end plug and the chromium-coated cladding tube is required to be greater than 1.3 mm, and there must be no incomplete fusion defects in the weld joint area.
[0004] Current methods for detecting the length of the weld joint zone use multiple identical probes to simultaneously detect the length of the weld joint zone and non-fusion defects. However, the multiple probes interfere with each other, resulting in low detection accuracy of the weld joint zone length. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a method and related apparatus for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding pipe, so as to improve the detection accuracy of the weld joint zone length. The specific solution is as follows:
[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated clad tube, wherein at least one end of the chromium-coated clad tube is welded with an end plug, the method comprising:
[0007] The first ultrasonic sensor is moved multiple times along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube to sequentially move the first ultrasonic sensor to multiple detection positions. The first ultrasonic sensor is controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement along the axial direction. The detection positions are arranged sequentially along the axial direction, and the distance between adjacent detection positions is a preset distance. The preset distance is related to the detection range of the first ultrasonic sensor.
[0008] After the first ultrasonic sensor is moved to a detection position each time, the first ultrasonic sensor is controlled to move around the chromium-coated cladding tube by a preset angle in the circumferential direction, so that the first ultrasonic sensor moves around the chromium-coated cladding tube, and the first ultrasonic sensor is controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement along the circumferential direction.
[0009] The thin-walled echo signal of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor during its movement in the axial direction and the circumferential direction is detected to obtain the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position;
[0010] If the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal falls within a preset amplitude range, the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position is: the detection position corresponds to one end of the weld joint area;
[0011] The distance between two detection positions corresponding to different endpoints of the weld joint area is determined as the axial length of the weld joint area of the chromium-coated cladding tube.
[0012] One possible implementation also includes:
[0013] During the movement of the first ultrasonic sensor, the second and third ultrasonic sensors are moved synchronously and controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals as they move along the circumferential direction. The first, second, and third ultrasonic sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube.
[0014] The detection result of the non-fusion defect is determined based on at least one of the echo signals from the second ultrasonic sensor and the third ultrasonic sensor.
[0015] In one possible implementation, the ultrasonic emission direction of the second ultrasonic sensor has a first preset angle with the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the ultrasonic emission direction of the third ultrasonic sensor has a second preset angle with the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube perpendicular to the horizontal plane, wherein the first preset angle and the second preset angle are different.
[0016] In one possible implementation, the first preset angle is 13 degrees and the second preset angle is 45 degrees.
[0017] In one possible implementation, the preset distance is less than the detection width of the first ultrasonic sensor.
[0018] In one possible implementation, the first ultrasonic sensor moves around the chromium-coated cladding tube at a preset angle of 360 degrees in the circumferential direction.
[0019] A second aspect of this application provides a device for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated clad tube, wherein at least one end of the chromium-coated clad tube is welded with an end plug, the device comprising:
[0020] The first moving unit is used to move the first ultrasonic sensor multiple times along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube to move the first ultrasonic sensor to multiple detection positions in sequence. The first ultrasonic sensor is controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement along the axial direction. The detection positions are arranged in sequence along the axial direction and the distance between adjacent detection positions is a preset distance. The preset distance is related to the detection range of the first ultrasonic sensor.
[0021] The second moving unit is used to control the first ultrasonic sensor to move around the chromium-coated cladding tube by a preset angle in the circumferential direction after each time the first ultrasonic sensor is moved to a detection position, so that the first ultrasonic sensor moves around the chromium-coated cladding tube, and to control the first ultrasonic sensor to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement in the circumferential direction.
[0022] The first detection unit is used to detect the thin-walled echo signal of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor during the movement of the first ultrasonic sensor in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and to obtain the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position.
[0023] The endpoint acquisition unit is used to determine the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position when the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal falls within a preset amplitude range: the detection position corresponds to one endpoint of the weld joint area.
[0024] The length acquisition unit is used to determine the distance between two detection positions corresponding to different endpoints of the weld joint area as the axial length of the weld joint area of the chromium-coated cladding tube.
[0025] One possible implementation also includes:
[0026] The third moving unit is used to simultaneously move the second and third ultrasonic sensors while moving the first ultrasonic sensor and to control the second and third ultrasonic sensors to continuously emit ultrasonic signals while moving along the circumferential direction. The first, second, and third ultrasonic sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube.
[0027] The second detection unit is used to determine the detection result of the non-fusion defect based on at least one of the echo signal from the second ultrasonic sensor and the echo signal from the third ultrasonic sensor.
[0028] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, comprising at least one processor and a memory connected to the processor, wherein:
[0029] The memory is used to store computer programs;
[0030] The processor is used to execute the computer program so that the electronic device can implement the method for detecting the weld joint area of the chromium-coated cladding tube as described in the first aspect or any implementation thereof.
[0031] The fourth aspect of this application provides a computer program product including computer-readable instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to implement the method for detecting the weld joint area of a chromium-coated cladding tube as described in the first aspect or any implementation thereof.
[0032] Based on the above technical solution, this application provides a method and related apparatus for detecting the weld joint area of a chromium-coated cladding tube. This method uses a dedicated first ultrasonic sensor to detect the length of the weld joint area, avoiding the introduction of other ultrasonic sensors for length detection. To achieve comprehensive coverage and detection at each detection position along the axial direction, at each detection position, the method controls the first ultrasonic sensor to move around the chromium-coated cladding tube at a preset angle along its circumference. Since the chromium-coated cladding tube is a hollow structure, but the weld joint area between the chromium-coated cladding tube and the end plug is a solid structure, and the end plug side typically has a groove, this method, by repeatedly moving the first ultrasonic sensor along a direction parallel to the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube for detection, utilizes the difference in thin-wall echo signals in gas and solid (ultrasonic signals can generate thin-wall echo signals in gas, but not in solid) to determine the two endpoints of the weld joint area between the chromium-coated cladding tube and the end plug, thereby determining the length of the weld joint area. This method controls the first ultrasonic sensor to detect the length of the weld joint area, avoiding the introduction of other ultrasonic sensors. Furthermore, it can utilize the difference in thin-wall echo signals of ultrasonic signals to detect the length of the weld joint area, effectively improving the detection accuracy. Attached Figure Description
[0033] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the originals and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0034] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding tube provided in this application embodiment;
[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the movement of a first ultrasonic sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the movement of another first ultrasonic sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of a first ultrasonic sensor, a second ultrasonic sensor, and a third ultrasonic sensor, provided for an embodiment of this application;
[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the first preset angle of a second ultrasonic sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the second preset angle of a third ultrasonic sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0040] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detection device for the weld joint area of a chromium-coated cladding tube provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0041] Figure 8 This application provides a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device. Detailed Implementation
[0042] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terminology used in the implementation section of this application is for explaining specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.
[0043] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will recognize that, with technological advancements and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.
[0044] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate; this is merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of units is not necessarily limited to those units, but may include other units not explicitly listed or inherent to those processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.
[0045] Nuclear fuel rods are the core components in a nuclear reactor that enable nuclear fission and release heat energy. They can include nuclear fuel pellets, coated cladding tubes, and end plugs. Among them, surface coating technology can be used to prepare a chromium coating with excellent accident tolerance on the surface of the coated cladding tubes. This can not only delay the occurrence of loss-of-coolant accidents in the nuclear reactor, thereby reducing the degree of corrosion during the use of the coated cladding tubes, but also increase the surface hardness of the coated cladding tubes. This reduces surface damage to the coated cladding tubes during the assembly of fuel elements and abrasion of the coated cladding tubes by grids and foreign objects during the use of the coated cladding tubes, without changing the relevant design of the nuclear reactor and nuclear fuel.
[0046] The welding between chromium-coated clad tubes and end plugs generally employs pressure resistance welding. Pressure resistance welding is a solid-state welding technique that has minimal impact on the microstructure and properties of the base material and can simultaneously reduce the probability of defects, making it an ideal connection technology for chromium-coated clad tubes and end plugs. However, after testing using methods such as explosive reactions and metallography, it was found that in this pressure resistance welding technique, the weld joint length between the end plug and both ends of the chromium-coated clad tube must be greater than 1.3 mm, and there must be no incomplete fusion defects in the weld joint area.
[0047] For the inspection of the weld joint area at both ends of the end plug and the chromium-coated cladding tube, only EVOC inspection (a vision-based visual inspection technique) is generally performed, without inspecting the interior of the weld joint area. Although there are currently methods to inspect the interior of the weld joint area to determine its length and lack of fusion defects, multiple identical probes are often used to simultaneously detect the weld joint length and lack of fusion defects. However, these probes cannot be adjusted independently, and the three probes interfere with each other, resulting in inconsistent and significant differences in the distance between each probe and the weld joint area. This leads to substantial differences in the echo signals from each probe, affecting subsequent signal processing and resulting in low accuracy in detecting the weld joint length.
[0048] To address the issue of low accuracy in detecting the length of the weld joint zone mentioned above, this application provides a method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated clad pipe. The method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated clad pipe according to this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0049] In this embodiment, at least one end of the chromium-coated cladding tube is welded with an end plug, as shown in the reference. Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding pipe according to an embodiment of this application is shown below. Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a method for detecting the weld joint area of a chromium-coated cladding tube may include steps S10 to S14, which are described in detail below.
[0050] S10. Move the first ultrasonic sensor multiple times along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube to move the first ultrasonic sensor to multiple detection positions in sequence. Control the first ultrasonic sensor to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement along the axial direction. The detection positions are arranged in sequence along the axial direction and the distance between adjacent detection positions is a preset distance. The preset distance is related to the detection range of the first ultrasonic sensor.
[0051] S11. After moving the first ultrasonic sensor to a detection position each time, control the first ultrasonic sensor to move around the chromium-coated cladding tube by a preset angle in the circumferential direction, so that the first ultrasonic sensor moves around the chromium-coated cladding tube, and control the first ultrasonic sensor to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the circumferential movement.
[0052] The axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube can be the direction pointed to by the central axis of the chromium-coated cladding tube, and can be parallel to the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, the first ultrasonic sensor can refer to a sensor used for detecting the length of the weld joint area. The ultrasonic sensor emits high-frequency ultrasonic waves and receives the reflected echoes to calculate the target distance or detect the presence of an object. Optionally, in this embodiment, the first ultrasonic sensor is a high-frequency narrow-pulse water immersion focusing probe with a frequency of not less than 25 MHz. Specifically, in this embodiment, the frequency of the first ultrasonic sensor is 30 MHz. The high-frequency narrow-pulse water immersion focusing probe can achieve high-precision and high-resolution non-destructive testing.
[0053] The detection position can be the position after each movement of the first ultrasonic sensor along the axial direction, and the preset distance between each detection position can be the same. To ensure that the detection range of the first ultrasonic sensor can fully cover the weld joint area between the chromium-coated cladding tube and the end plug along the axial direction, the preset distance can be related to the detection range of the first ultrasonic sensor. Specifically, the preset distance can be less than the detection width of the first ultrasonic sensor. The detection width (detection range) can refer to the maximum horizontal range at which the ultrasonic sensor can stably receive echo signals and identify targets at a specific distance. In this embodiment, the detection width of the first ultrasonic sensor can be set to 3 to 4 times the upsetting length, where the upsetting length can refer to the insertion length of the end plug into the chromium-coated cladding tube. Optionally, the preset distance can be less than 0.9 times the detection width of the first ultrasonic sensor. Specifically, in this embodiment, the value of the preset distance can be 0.1 mm.
[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the shaded rectangle is an end plug connected to one end of the chromium-coated cladding tube. The ultrasonic emission direction of the first ultrasonic sensor is perpendicular to the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube. Figure 2(The thick black dashed line in the diagram) The first ultrasonic sensor can move in two directions during length detection. One direction is multiple movements along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube, and the other direction is circumferential movement at each detection position. Specifically, to detect the length of the weld joint area between the chromium-coated cladding tube and the end plug, this embodiment controls the first ultrasonic sensor to move multiple times along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube. Furthermore, at each detection position along the axial direction, the first ultrasonic sensor can also be controlled to move circumferentially around the chromium-coated cladding tube by at least a preset angle. Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset angle for the first ultrasonic sensor to move circumferentially around the chromium-coated cladding tube can be 360 degrees. To ensure sufficient detection, the first ultrasonic sensor continuously emits ultrasonic signals during the detection process. Therefore, during each axial movement of the first ultrasonic sensor and each circumferential movement at a detection position, the first ultrasonic sensor continuously emits ultrasonic signals along the chromium-coated cladding tube.
[0055] S12. Detect the thin-walled echo signal of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor during its movement in the axial and circumferential directions, and obtain the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position.
[0056] S13. If the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal falls within the preset amplitude range, the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position is: the detection position corresponds to one end of the weld joint area.
[0057] S14. The distance between two detection positions corresponding to different endpoints of the weld joint area is determined as the axial length of the weld joint area of the chromium-coated cladding pipe.
[0058] The thin-walled echo signal refers to the reflected wave signal received during ultrasonic testing of thin-walled structures (such as thin metal plates, pipes, and container walls). For the length detection of the weld joint area, the determination mainly relies on the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal at different locations from the ultrasonic signal (ultrasound) of the first ultrasonic sensor.
[0059] Specifically, for a thin-walled structure (in this embodiment, a hollow structure with a chromium-coated cladding tube), due to the propagation characteristics of sound waves, and the fact that the acoustic characteristic impedance of a solid medium is greater than that of a gaseous medium, when an ultrasonic sensor emits sound waves, the sound waves propagate from the gaseous medium to the solid medium. Most of the sound waves are reflected by the upper surface of the thin-walled structure (solid medium) (which may include the outer and inner upper surfaces). The first reflected wave is received by the ultrasonic sensor, forming the first thin-walled echo signal. A small portion of the sound waves enters the interior of the thin-walled structure, which is generally a gaseous medium. The sound waves then continue to propagate to the lower surface of the thin-walled structure. Since the lower surface is again a solid medium, the sound waves undergo a second reflection at the lower surface inside the thin-walled structure. The second reflected wave is again received by the ultrasonic sensor, forming the second thin-walled echo signal. Because the second reflected wave can be transmitted again to the lower surface inside the thin-walled structure during propagation, a third echo, a fourth echo, and so on can be formed. Since each reflection is accompanied by energy attenuation, the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal gradually decreases.
[0060] For a solid structure, after the first thin-walled echo signal is formed on the upper surface, since the interior is all solid medium, the amplitude of the echo signal on the lower surface is significantly lower than that of the thin-walled structure on the lower surface, and the echo signal on the lower surface may disappear directly.
[0061] Therefore, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, when the first ultrasonic sensor moves along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube, when the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the chromium-coated cladding tube for detection (e.g.) Figure 3 As shown at position A), the chromium-coated cladding tube is a hollow, thin-walled structure, which can generate multiple thin-walled echo signals with gradually decreasing amplitudes. When the first ultrasonic sensor moves from the chromium-coated cladding tube to the weld joint area (e.g., Figure 3 (As shown at position B), the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal decreases significantly. When the first ultrasonic sensor moves in the weld joint area, the thin-walled echo signal disappears. After the first ultrasonic sensor passes through the weld joint area, when it moves to the end plug groove (as shown in the image), the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal decreases significantly. Figure 3 As shown at position C, the ultrasonic signal can reappear as a thin-walled echo signal due to reflection from the end-plug groove, and the ultrasonic signal can generate a structural signal due to the end-plug groove, leading to an increase in the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal. Specifically, when the ultrasonic signal is incident vertically or obliquely into the groove, it can undergo multiple reflections within the groove, generating a thin-walled echo signal. Therefore, when the first ultrasonic sensor moves through the weld joint area to the end-plug groove, the thin-walled echo signal can reappear, but its amplitude is lower compared to the thin-walled echo signal of the chromium-coated clad tube.
[0062] Therefore, this embodiment can utilize the above principle to detect the amplitude change of the thin-walled echo signal to determine the range of the weld joint area. Specifically, this embodiment sets a preset amplitude range, which can be a low amplitude range. Since the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal drops significantly when the first ultrasonic sensor moves from the chromium-coated cladding tube to the weld joint area, it can be determined that the first ultrasonic sensor has moved to the boundary of the weld joint area when the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal suddenly drops to the preset amplitude range during the movement of the first ultrasonic sensor. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the chromium-coated cladding tube, the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal at the chromium-coated cladding tube is adjusted to 40%~60% by adjusting the gain. The preset amplitude range can be set to 20%~25%. Therefore, during the movement of the first ultrasonic sensor, when the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal suddenly drops from 40%~60% to within 20%~25%, it can be indicated that the first ultrasonic sensor has moved to the boundary of the weld joint area.
[0063] Furthermore, as the first ultrasonic sensor continues to move, the thin-walled echo signal disappears in the weld joint area, and its amplitude can be zero, until the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the end plug groove. The thin-walled echo signal then reappears, and its amplitude falls back into the preset amplitude range, indicating that the first ultrasonic sensor has moved to the other boundary of the weld joint area. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal falls into the preset amplitude range, the current detection position of the first ultrasonic sensor can be determined as the endpoint (boundary) of the weld joint area. During the process of the first ultrasonic sensor moving from one endpoint to the other, the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal is zero, indicating that these are the two endpoints of the weld joint area. After determining the two endpoints of the weld joint area, the distance between the two endpoints can be the axial length of the weld joint area of the chromium-coated cladding tube.
[0064] Furthermore, in addition to determining the range of the weld joint area by detecting the amplitude change of the thin-walled echo signal, this embodiment can also determine it by using the A-scan of the ultrasonic signal from the first ultrasonic sensor. The A-scan is a one-dimensional signal display method in ultrasonic testing. It records the echo signal reflected during the propagation of ultrasonic waves, plotting the time axis on the horizontal axis and the signal amplitude on the vertical axis to form a waveform curve. Therefore, when the first ultrasonic sensor moves along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube, the A-scan shows a high-amplitude waveform curve when the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the chromium-coated cladding tube for detection. When the first ultrasonic sensor moves from the chromium-coated cladding tube to the weld joint area, the A-scan shows a low-amplitude waveform curve. Furthermore, the waveform curve disappears in the A-scan as the first ultrasonic sensor moves within the weld joint area. When the first ultrasonic sensor passes through the weld joint area and moves to the end plug groove, the A-scan shows a waveform curve again. Therefore, the detection position of the first ultrasonic sensor at that time can be determined based on the change time of the waveform curve, thus identifying the two endpoints of the weld joint area and obtaining the axial length of the weld joint area. Of course, in addition to A-scan, C-scan can also be used to visually display the axial length of the weld joint zone. C-scan is a two-dimensional imaging technique in ultrasonic testing. It records the echo signals reflected during the propagation of ultrasonic waves and converts them into a planar image, thereby visually displaying the state of the object being tested.
[0065] For the length of the weld joint zone, this embodiment uses a first ultrasonic sensor for detection. For the lack of fusion defects in the weld joint zone, this embodiment additionally uses a second ultrasonic sensor and a third ultrasonic sensor for detection.
[0066] Specifically, in this embodiment, during the movement of the first ultrasonic sensor, the second and third ultrasonic sensors can be moved simultaneously, and the second and third ultrasonic sensors can be controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals while moving in the circumferential direction. The detection result of the incomplete fusion defect is determined based on at least one of the echo signals from the second and third ultrasonic sensors. Specifically, if either the second or third ultrasonic sensor detects an incomplete fusion defect in the weld joint area, then the presence of an incomplete fusion defect in the weld joint area is determined. Specifically, this embodiment can obtain the ultrasonic amplitude distribution (e.g., C-scan image) of the weld joint area based on the echo signals from the second and third ultrasonic sensors. If the ultrasonic amplitude in a certain area of the weld joint area is not lower than the ultrasonic amplitude threshold, then the presence of an incomplete fusion defect in that area is determined. The ultrasonic amplitude threshold can refer to the amplitude threshold corresponding to the incomplete fusion defect determined through experimentation or testing. Specifically, this embodiment can perform ultrasonic testing on a standard damaged bar containing artificial defects, and use the ultrasonic amplitude of the artificial defects as the ultrasonic amplitude threshold for detecting incomplete fusion defects in this embodiment.
[0067] In this embodiment, both the second and third ultrasonic sensors can be high-frequency narrow-pulse water immersion focusing probes, and the frequencies of both sensors are not lower than 25 MHz. Specifically, in this embodiment, the frequencies of the second and first ultrasonic sensors are both 30 MHz, and the frequency of the third sensor is 25 MHz. In this embodiment, the first, second, and third ultrasonic sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube. Of course, in another embodiment, the first, second, and third ultrasonic sensors can be non-uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction. Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, from the side view of the chromium-coated clad tube, the first ultrasonic sensor is set at 0 degrees of the chromium-coated clad tube, the second ultrasonic sensor is set at 120 degrees of the chromium-coated clad tube, and the third ultrasonic sensor is set at 240 degrees.
[0068] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the ultrasonic emission direction of the second ultrasonic sensor has a first preset angle with the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube, which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane (e.g., ...). Figure 5 As shown in angle D), the ultrasonic emission direction of the third ultrasonic sensor has a second preset angle with the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube, which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane (e.g., angle D). Figure 6 The first preset angle and the second preset angle are different (as shown in the figure). Specifically, in this embodiment, the first preset angle can be 13 degrees and the second preset angle can be 45 degrees.
[0069] Metallographic examination of the welded samples revealed that the weld joint area could be divided into two parts: the weld in the dashed area had an inclination angle of approximately 13 degrees, while the weld in the solid area had an inclination angle of approximately 45 degrees. Therefore, to ensure complete weld inspection, the second and third ultrasonic sensors in this embodiment inspect both parts of the weld respectively. Both sensors employ the longitudinal wave direct-injection method, a defect detection method that uses a longitudinal wave probe to perpendicularly incident on the part. Therefore, in this embodiment, the angle between the ultrasonic emission direction of the second ultrasonic sensor and the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube (perpendicular to the horizontal plane) is set to 13 degrees, while the angle between the ultrasonic emission direction of the third ultrasonic sensor and the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube (perpendicular to the horizontal plane) is set to 45 degrees, ensuring that the second and third ultrasonic sensors can perpendicularly incident on the weld for defect detection. Of course, the detection angles of the second and third ultrasonic sensors can be set according to actual conditions.
[0070] In this embodiment, the second and third ultrasonic sensors operate synchronously with the first ultrasonic sensor. Both the second and third ultrasonic sensors can move in two directions: one direction involves multiple movements along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube, and the other direction involves circumferential movement at each detection position. The second and third ultrasonic sensors can emit ultrasonic signals only when moving to the weld joint area and performing circumferential movement to detect the presence of incomplete fusion defects in the weld joint area. Alternatively, in another optional embodiment, the second and third ultrasonic sensors can also emit ultrasonic signals along the chromium-coated cladding tube while moving along its axial direction.
[0071] The above describes a method for detecting the weld joint area of a chromium-coated clad tube according to an embodiment of this application. The following describes the apparatus for performing the above-described method for detecting the weld joint area of a chromium-coated clad tube.
[0072] At least one end of the chromium-coated cladding tube is welded with an end plug; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a device for detecting the weld joint area of a chromium-coated cladding pipe, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the detection device for the weld joint area of the chromium-coated cladding pipe includes:
[0073] The first moving unit 100 is used to move the first ultrasonic sensor multiple times along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube to move the first ultrasonic sensor to multiple detection positions in sequence. The first ultrasonic sensor is controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement along the axial direction. The detection positions are arranged in sequence along the axial direction and the distance between adjacent detection positions is a preset distance. The preset distance is related to the detection range of the first ultrasonic sensor.
[0074] The second moving unit 110 is used to control the first ultrasonic sensor to move around the chromium-coated cladding tube by a preset angle in the circumferential direction after each time the first ultrasonic sensor is moved to a detection position, so that the first ultrasonic sensor moves around the chromium-coated cladding tube, and to control the first ultrasonic sensor to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the circumferential movement.
[0075] The first detection unit 120 is used to detect the thin-walled echo signal of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor during the movement of the first ultrasonic sensor in the axial direction and circumferential direction, and to obtain the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position.
[0076] The endpoint acquisition unit 130 is used to determine the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position when the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal falls within the preset amplitude range: the detection position corresponds to one endpoint of the weld joint area.
[0077] The length acquisition unit 140 is used to determine the distance between two detection positions corresponding to different endpoints of the weld joint area as the axial length of the weld joint area of the chromium-coated cladding tube.
[0078] In one possible implementation, the detection device for the weld joint zone of the chromium-coated cladding tube may further include:
[0079] The third moving unit is used to simultaneously move the second and third ultrasonic sensors during the movement of the first ultrasonic sensor and control the second and third ultrasonic sensors to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement of the second and third ultrasonic sensors in the circumferential direction. The first, second and third ultrasonic sensors are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube.
[0080] The second detection unit is used to determine the detection result of the non-fusion defect based on at least one of the echo signal from the second ultrasonic sensor and the echo signal from the third ultrasonic sensor.
[0081] In one possible implementation, the ultrasonic emission direction of the second ultrasonic sensor has a first preset angle with the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the ultrasonic emission direction of the third ultrasonic sensor has a second preset angle with the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the first preset angle and the second preset angle are different.
[0082] In one possible implementation, the first preset included angle is 13 degrees and the second preset included angle is 45 degrees.
[0083] In one possible implementation, the preset distance is less than the detection width of the first ultrasonic sensor.
[0084] In one possible implementation, the first ultrasonic sensor moves around the chromium-coated cladding tube at a preset angle of 360 degrees in the circumferential direction.
[0085] This application also provides an electronic device in its embodiments. (See reference...) Figure 8 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing the electronic device in the embodiments of this application. The electronic device in the embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, fixed terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablet computers), desktop computers, etc. Figure 8 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.
[0086] like Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device may include a processing unit (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.) 801, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 802 or a program loaded from a storage device 808 into a random access memory (RAM) 803. When the electronic device is powered on, the RAM 803 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processing unit 801, ROM 802, and RAM 803 are interconnected via a bus 804. An input / output (I / O) interface 805 is also connected to the bus 804.
[0087] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 805: input devices 806 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 807 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 808 including, for example, memory cards, hard drives, etc.; and communication devices 809. Communication device 809 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 8 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown. More or fewer devices may be implemented or have alternatively.
[0088] This application also provides a computer program product including computer-readable instructions, which, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to implement any of the methods for detecting the weld joint area of a chromium-coated cladding tube provided in this application.
[0089] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium carrying one or more computer programs. When the one or more computer programs are executed by an electronic device, the electronic device can implement any of the detection methods for the weld joint area of a chromium-coated cladding tube provided in this application.
[0090] It should also be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. In addition, in the device embodiment drawings provided in this application, the connection relationship between modules indicates that they have a communication connection, which can be implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines.
[0091] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware, or it can be implemented by special-purpose hardware including application-specific integrated circuits, special-purpose CPUs, special-purpose memory, special-purpose components, etc. Generally, any function performed by a computer program can be easily implemented by corresponding hardware, and the specific hardware structure used to implement the same function can also be diverse, such as analog circuits, digital circuits, or special-purpose circuits. However, for this application, software program implementation is more often the preferred implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, training equipment, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.
[0092] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product.
[0093] The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, training device, or data center to another website, computer, training device, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can store or a data storage device such as a training device or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state drives (SSDs)).
[0094] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the apparatus embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.
[0095] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of this disclosure, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in this disclosure in an appropriate manner in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and user authorization should be obtained.
[0096] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated clad pipe, characterized in that, At least one end of the chromium-coated cladding tube is welded with an end plug, and the method includes: The first ultrasonic sensor is moved multiple times along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube to sequentially move the first ultrasonic sensor to multiple detection positions. The first ultrasonic sensor is controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement along the axial direction. The detection positions are arranged sequentially along the axial direction, and the distance between adjacent detection positions is a preset distance. The preset distance is related to the detection range of the first ultrasonic sensor. After the first ultrasonic sensor is moved to a detection position each time, the first ultrasonic sensor is controlled to move around the chromium-coated cladding tube by a preset angle in the circumferential direction, so that the first ultrasonic sensor moves around the chromium-coated cladding tube, and the first ultrasonic sensor is controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement along the circumferential direction. The thin-walled echo signal of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor during its movement in the axial direction and the circumferential direction is detected to obtain the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position; If the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal falls within a preset amplitude range, the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position is: the detection position corresponds to one end of the weld joint area; The distance between two detection positions corresponding to different endpoints of the weld joint area is determined as the axial length of the weld joint area of the chromium-coated cladding tube.
2. The method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: During the movement of the first ultrasonic sensor, the second and third ultrasonic sensors are moved synchronously and controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals as they move along the circumferential direction. The first, second, and third ultrasonic sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube. The detection result of the non-fusion defect is determined based on at least one of the echo signals from the second ultrasonic sensor and the third ultrasonic sensor.
3. The method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ultrasonic emission direction of the second ultrasonic sensor has a first preset angle with the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the ultrasonic emission direction of the third ultrasonic sensor has a second preset angle with the radial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The first preset angle and the second preset angle are different.
4. The method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first preset angle is 13 degrees, and the second preset angle is 45 degrees.
5. The method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset distance is less than the detection width of the first ultrasonic sensor.
6. The method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated clad pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ultrasonic sensor moves around the chromium-coated cladding tube at a preset angle of 360 degrees in the circumferential direction.
7. A device for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding pipe, characterized in that, At least one end of the chromium-coated cladding tube is welded with an end plug, and the device includes: The first moving unit is used to move the first ultrasonic sensor multiple times along the axial direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube to move the first ultrasonic sensor to multiple detection positions in sequence. The first ultrasonic sensor is controlled to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement along the axial direction. The detection positions are arranged in sequence along the axial direction and the distance between adjacent detection positions is a preset distance. The preset distance is related to the detection range of the first ultrasonic sensor. The second moving unit is used to control the first ultrasonic sensor to move around the chromium-coated cladding tube by a preset angle in the circumferential direction after each time the first ultrasonic sensor is moved to a detection position, so that the first ultrasonic sensor moves around the chromium-coated cladding tube, and to control the first ultrasonic sensor to continuously emit ultrasonic signals during the movement in the circumferential direction. The first detection unit is used to detect the thin-walled echo signal of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor during the movement of the first ultrasonic sensor in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and to obtain the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position. The endpoint acquisition unit is used to determine the detection result after the first ultrasonic sensor moves to the detection position when the amplitude of the thin-walled echo signal falls within a preset amplitude range: the detection position corresponds to one endpoint of the weld joint area. The length acquisition unit is used to determine the distance between two detection positions corresponding to different endpoints of the weld joint area as the axial length of the weld joint area of the chromium-coated cladding tube.
8. The detection device for the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding pipe according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The third moving unit is used to simultaneously move the second and third ultrasonic sensors while moving the first ultrasonic sensor and to control the second and third ultrasonic sensors to continuously emit ultrasonic signals while moving along the circumferential direction. The first, second, and third ultrasonic sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the chromium-coated cladding tube. The second detection unit is used to determine the detection result of the non-fusion defect based on at least one of the echo signal from the second ultrasonic sensor and the echo signal from the third ultrasonic sensor.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes at least one processor and a memory connected to the processor, wherein: The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is used to execute the computer program so that the electronic device can implement the method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding tube as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes computer-readable instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to implement the method for detecting the weld joint zone of a chromium-coated cladding tube as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.