Pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method and device, and belongs to the field of power distribution switch control equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining multi-source parameters of a circuit breaker and environment parameters monitored in real time, carrying out the time synchronization processing of the multi-source parameters, obtaining time-aligned multi-source signal data, and carrying out the fault analysis of the circuit breaker based on the multi-source signal data, extracting a first initial feature vector and a second initial feature vector; determining an environment correction factor according to the environment parameters; determining a dynamic reference characteristic fingerprint according to the current characteristic value and the environment correction factor; obtaining a deviation degree and a consistency degree according to the first initial feature vector and the dynamic reference feature fingerprint; and according to the deviation degree and the consistency degree, determining whether the circuit breaker has a fault through a hierarchical decision-making mechanism. According to the circuit breaker fault analysis method and device provided by the invention, the fault detection speed and precision of the circuit breaker can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of power distribution switch control equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a method and device for fault analysis of pole-mounted circuit breakers. Background Technology

[0002] In power systems, circuit breakers, as core protection devices, undertake critical tasks such as fault current interruption, system isolation, and operation mode switching. Their reliability is directly related to the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0003] In existing technologies, circuit breaker condition detection methods are mainly based on single parameters or simple multi-parameter fusion. For example, the status of the equipment is determined by monitoring changes in single physical quantities such as operating coil current, vibration acceleration signal, and moving contact displacement, combined with preset thresholds. Alternatively, multiple source parameters (such as current, vibration, and displacement) are simply superimposed or weighted, making it difficult to comprehensively evaluate the overall performance of the circuit breaker and resulting in the inability to detect faults in the circuit breaker in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and apparatus for fault analysis of pole-mounted circuit breakers, so as to improve the fault detection speed and accuracy of circuit breakers.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for fault analysis of pole-mounted circuit breakers is provided, including: The circuit breaker's multi-source parameters and real-time monitored environmental parameters are acquired, and the multi-source parameters are time-synchronized to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data. Based on the multi-source signal data, a first initial feature vector and a second initial feature vector are extracted. The multi-source parameters include operating coil current, main circuit current, vibration acceleration, and moving contact displacement. The environmental parameters include temperature and humidity. The first initial feature vector includes electromagnetic force feature values, mechanical motion speed feature values, and mechanical impact feature values. The second initial feature vector includes current feature values. Determine environmental correction factors based on environmental parameters; The dynamic reference fingerprint is determined based on the current characteristic value and the environmental correction factor. The dynamic reference fingerprint is used to characterize the characteristic value that a healthy circuit breaker should exhibit under the current operating conditions. Based on the first initial feature vector and the dynamic reference feature fingerprint, the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency are obtained; the degree of deviation is used to characterize the degree of deviation of each feature value from the health benchmark, and the degree of consistency is used to characterize the degree of consistency of the physical relationship between the feature values. Based on the degree of deviation and consistency, a hierarchical decision-making mechanism is used to determine whether the circuit breaker is faulty.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis device is provided, comprising: The initial vector acquisition module acquires the multi-source parameters of the circuit breaker and the real-time monitored environmental parameters, and performs time synchronization processing on the multi-source parameters to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data; based on the multi-source signal data, it extracts the first initial feature vector and the second initial feature vector; the multi-source parameters include the operating coil current, the main circuit current, the vibration acceleration, and the moving contact displacement, and the environmental parameters include temperature and humidity; the first initial feature vector includes electromagnetic force feature values, mechanical motion speed feature values, and mechanical impact feature values; and the second initial feature vector includes current feature values. The environmental correction factor determination module is used to determine the environmental correction factor based on environmental parameters. The dynamic reference fingerprint determination module is used to determine the dynamic reference fingerprint based on the characteristic information of the main circuit current and the environmental correction factor. The dynamic reference fingerprint is used to characterize the characteristic values ​​that a healthy circuit breaker should exhibit under the current operating conditions. The deviation degree determination module is used to obtain the deviation degree and the consistency degree based on the first initial feature vector and the dynamic reference feature fingerprint; the deviation degree is used to characterize the degree of deviation of each feature value from the health benchmark, and the consistency degree is used to characterize the degree of consistency of the physical relationship between the feature values; The fault diagnosis module is used to determine whether the circuit breaker is faulty based on the degree of deviation and consistency, and through a hierarchical decision-making mechanism.

[0007] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above-described pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method.

[0008] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, the computer program product includes a computer program stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of an electronic device reads the computer program from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer program, causing the electronic device to perform the aforementioned pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method.

[0009] The technical solution provided in this application embodiment can include the following beneficial effects: This embodiment significantly improves the accuracy and real-time performance of fault diagnosis through multi-source parameter time synchronization processing, dynamic reference feature fingerprint matching, joint analysis of deviation and consistency, and hierarchical decision-making mechanism. This embodiment introduces environmental correction factors (temperature, humidity, number of operations) to enable the health benchmark to automatically adjust with the environment and equipment aging, avoiding false alarms caused by environmental interference or natural aging; This embodiment uses consistency index to check whether the physical relationship between electromagnetic force, mechanical speed, and impact intensity is normal, and can identify early or latent faults where "the values ​​are normal but the relationship is disordered". Attached Figure Description

[0010] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0011] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A structural block diagram of the pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0014] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0015] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first parameter may also be referred to as a second parameter, and similarly, a second parameter may also be referred to as a first parameter. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is executed by an electronic device and may include: S101: Obtain the multi-source parameters of the circuit breaker and the environmental parameters monitored in real time, and perform time synchronization processing on the multi-source parameters to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data. Based on the multi-source signal data, extract the first initial feature vector and the second initial feature vector.

[0017] The circuit breaker in this embodiment can be a pole-mounted circuit breaker. In this embodiment, the multi-source parameters include the operating coil current, the main circuit current, the vibration acceleration, and the moving contact displacement; the environmental parameters include temperature and humidity; the first initial feature vector includes electromagnetic force feature values, mechanical motion velocity feature values, and mechanical impact feature values; and the second initial feature vector includes current feature values.

[0018] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic force characteristic value refers to one or more quantitative indicators extracted from the synchronized operating coil current signal that characterize the electromagnetic driving force of this operation. For example, it can be the amplitude of the first peak current in the current waveform, or the average rate of change of the current rising segment. This electromagnetic force characteristic value is proportional to the electromagnetic force of the circuit breaker's electromagnetic drive mechanism. The mechanical motion speed characteristic value refers to a quantitative indicator extracted from the synchronized moving contact displacement signal that characterizes the average motion speed of the moving contact. It can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the displacement change to the time taken in the main motion stage on the displacement curve (e.g., from the starting point to the midpoint or 80% of the stroke), and is used to characterize the overall efficiency and smoothness of the mechanism's transmission links (e.g., connecting rods, gears). The mechanical impact characteristic value refers to a quantitative indicator extracted from the synchronized vibration acceleration signal that characterizes the maximum impact intensity during mechanical action. This characteristic value can be the absolute maximum value of the vibration acceleration signal within the action time window or the peak value of its envelope.

[0019] In this embodiment, when the circuit breaker executes a tripping or closing operation command, the circuit breaker's parameters are collected and recorded by various sensors (using the same sampling clock or aligned by a high-precision timestamp). These parameters may include the operating coil current signal, the main circuit current signal (the effective value of one power frequency cycle or the peak value at the moment of operation can be taken as the characteristic load current of this operation), one or more vibration acceleration signals (usually the main channel signal that best reflects the overall vibration is selected for analysis), and the moving contact displacement signal; at the same time, the ambient temperature T and humidity H at the moment the operation occurs are read by temperature and humidity sensors in the circuit breaker cabinet.

[0020] This embodiment identifies the starting point of abrupt change in the operating coil current signal and sets this point as the reference time point. From the vibration acceleration signal, the first peak point exceeding a preset threshold is extracted, and its first delay relative to the reference time point is determined. From the driven contact displacement signal, the starting point of motion is identified, and its second delay relative to the reference time point is determined.

[0021] Using the reference time point as the new time origin, the vibration acceleration signal is compensated for (translated) by a first delay on the time axis, and the moving contact displacement signal is compensated for a second delay, so that the three signals are aligned in time, obtaining time-aligned multi-source signal data. Based on the aligned multi-source signal data, electromagnetic force feature values, mechanical motion velocity feature values, and mechanical impact feature values ​​are extracted. The three feature values ​​are combined into a first initial feature vector.

[0022] In one embodiment of this application, time synchronization processing is performed on multi-source parameters to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data, including: The current waveform of the operating coil is obtained based on the current of the operating coil. The starting point of the current change is identified from the current waveform and used as the reference time. Extract the first peak point that exceeds the preset acceleration threshold from the vibration acceleration signal, take the time corresponding to the peak point as the first time, and take the difference between the first time and the reference time as the first delay of the vibration acceleration signal relative to the reference time. The starting point of the moving contact movement is identified from the moving contact displacement signal. The time corresponding to the starting point is taken as the second time, and the difference between the second time and the reference time is taken as the second delay of the displacement signal relative to the reference time. Using the reference time as the time alignment reference point, the vibration acceleration signal is compensated for the first delay on the time axis, and the moving contact displacement signal is compensated for the second delay on the time axis to obtain multi-source signal data after time alignment.

[0023] In this embodiment, the waveform of the operating coil current is obtained based on the operating coil current. On the operating coil current waveform, the starting point where a significant abrupt change occurs (the slope or amplitude exceeds a preset noise threshold) from zero or a steady-state value is identified, and this starting point time is used as the reference time. .

[0024] In this embodiment, for the vibration acceleration signal, in the first time window (For example, Within 50ms, search for the first peak point that exceeds the preset acceleration threshold, and take the time corresponding to that peak point as the first time. The first delay of the vibration acceleration signal is ,in, This indicates the first delay amount. The preset acceleration threshold can be set based on the statistical value of the typical vibration level of the circuit breaker under healthy conditions (e.g., 2-3 times the mean).

[0025] For the moving contact displacement signal, in the second time window (For example, Within 100ms, identify the starting point where the displacement changes continuously and monotonically from the initial position (this can be determined by calculating the displacement difference and setting a small displacement change threshold), and use the time corresponding to this starting point as the second time. Then the second delay of the displacement signal is ,in, This indicates the second delay amount.

[0026] This embodiment uses a base time. To establish the new zero point of the time coordinate, the original vibration acceleration signal is shifted to the left on the time axis (i.e., in the direction of advancing time). Each unit shifts the original moving contact displacement signal to the left. Each unit. After translation, the feature points representing the "start of action" in the three signals (current signal, vibration acceleration signal, and displacement signal) in this embodiment are aligned to the same zero point in time, thereby obtaining multi-source signal data that are aligned in time.

[0027] In this embodiment, the main circuit current signal is typically characterized by the power frequency cycle, or its effective value is taken. Its time synchronization requirements are low, and the original timestamp of the same as that of the operating coil current can be directly used or its average value during the operation period can be taken.

[0028] In this embodiment, the amplitude of the first positive peak value is read from the aligned operating coil current signal (the time interval can be [0, 20ms]) and used as the electromagnetic force characteristic value F.

[0029] From the aligned moving contact displacement signal, determine the time taken for the moving contact to move from the starting point of motion (time close to 0 after alignment) to 50% or 80% of the total stroke. and the corresponding displacement change The average velocity is determined by the ratio of the displacement change to the time elapsed, and this average velocity is used as the characteristic value V of the mechanical velocity.

[0030] Within the time window (e.g., [0, end time of the entire operation process]) of the aligned vibration acceleration signal, its full-wave absolute value or the peak value after envelope is calculated as the mechanical impact characteristic value A. Specifically, in the vibration acceleration signal after time synchronization processing, the starting point of the abrupt change in the operating coil current is taken as the reference time (zero point); the time interval from the reference time (0ms) to the end of the entire operation process of the circuit breaker (e.g., [0, Tend]) is selected to ensure complete coverage of the entire process of mechanical impact. The full-wave absolute value of the acceleration signal is taken, and within the time window, the maximum value (peak value) of the full-wave absolute value or the maximum value after envelope is calculated. This peak value is used as the mechanical impact characteristic value A to characterize the maximum impact intensity generated during the circuit breaker operation. In this embodiment, the moment when the amplitude of the vibration acceleration signal is continuously lower than the preset end threshold and the duration exceeds the set duration (e.g., continuously lower than twice the background noise level for 10 ms) can be taken as the end time.

[0031] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic force feature value, the mechanical motion velocity feature value, and the mechanical impact feature value are concatenated and combined to obtain a first initial feature vector, for example... .

[0032] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment uses the "electromagnetic drive cause" (the sudden change point of the operating coil current) as a unified benchmark and performs delay compensation on the vibration acceleration signal and displacement signal, eliminating the timing deviation caused by the physical characteristics and installation position of the sensor. This embodiment transforms multi-source data into a set of numerical feature vectors with clear physical meaning, unified dimensions, and strict temporal alignment by performing time synchronization and feature extraction, which can better reflect the true state of the circuit breaker and improve the reliability of fault diagnosis.

[0033] S102: Determine the environmental correction factor based on environmental parameters.

[0034] In this embodiment, the environmental correction factor considers the combined impact of instantaneous environmental fluctuations and long-term performance degradation on the circuit breaker health baseline, enabling the "dynamic reference fingerprint" determined in subsequent steps to dynamically adapt to the actual operating age of the equipment and the current environment, thereby achieving a more accurate and personalized condition assessment.

[0035] In one embodiment of this application, determining an environmental correction factor based on environmental parameters includes: Based on the current temperature and humidity, two-dimensional linear interpolation is performed in the preset environmental parameter benchmark mapping table to obtain the theoretical value of the mechanical motion characteristics under the current operating conditions. The environmental parameter benchmark mapping table uses temperature as the row index and humidity as the column index. Each element value represents the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristics of the healthy circuit breaker under the corresponding temperature and humidity conditions. The ratio of the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristic to the benchmark mechanical motion speed characteristic value under the preset standard reference working condition is used as the working condition influence factor. Get the total number of operations performed on the circuit breaker since it was put into operation; Based on the mapping relationship between the number of operations and the attenuation coefficient, determine the mechanical transmission efficiency attenuation coefficient corresponding to the total number of operations; The environmental correction factor is obtained by multiplying the operating condition influence factor by the mechanical transmission efficiency attenuation coefficient.

[0036] In this embodiment, the environmental parameter benchmark mapping table is used to determine the standard mechanical movement speed that a fully healthy circuit breaker should exhibit under different combinations of ambient temperature (T) and humidity (H). This environmental parameter benchmark mapping table can be statistically obtained by conducting a large number of controlled temperature and humidity tests on healthy prototypes in a laboratory environment. For example, in a constant temperature and humidity laboratory, the healthy circuit breaker is placed under different temperature (e.g., -25℃, 0℃, 20℃, 40℃, 60℃) and different relative humidity (e.g., 20%RH, 50%RH, 80%RH, 95%RH) combinations. The circuit breaker's opening / closing operation is performed under no-load conditions, the moving contact displacement signal is collected, and the mechanical movement speed characteristic value is calculated. Each operating condition is repeated at least 20 times, and the average value is taken as the standard mechanical movement speed corresponding to that operating condition. A two-dimensional lookup table is constructed with temperature as the row index and humidity as the column index. The theoretical value of mechanical motion speed characteristics refers to the standard value of mechanical motion speed that a healthy circuit breaker should theoretically possess under current environmental conditions, obtained by consulting a preset environmental parameter benchmark mapping table based on the current temperature and humidity. This theoretical value of mechanical motion speed characteristics serves as an idealized health reference value, used to eliminate performance differences caused by purely environmental factors. The preset standard reference operating condition represents a specified environmental condition point used for normalized comparison; typically, the most common or benchmark operating condition is selected.

[0037] In this embodiment, the standard value corresponding to the environment with a temperature of 20°C and a humidity of 50%RH is combined in the preset environmental parameter benchmark mapping table and used as the benchmark mechanical motion speed characteristic value.

[0038] This embodiment reads the real-time temperature T and humidity H from the sensor during the current operation to determine the environmental combination (T, H). Based on the real-time temperature T and humidity H, two-dimensional linear interpolation is performed in a preset environmental parameter reference mapping table to determine the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristics under the current operating conditions. Specifically, this embodiment performs two-dimensional linear interpolation by finding four known grid points (e.g., ...) surrounding the environmental combination (T, H) in the environmental parameter reference mapping table. , , as well as The standard values ​​corresponding to each grid point are obtained; linear interpolation is performed on two pairs of low-temperature and high-temperature points in the humidity direction to obtain the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value; linear interpolation is performed on the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value in the temperature direction to obtain the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristics.

[0039] In this embodiment, the ratio of the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristic to the benchmark mechanical motion speed characteristic value is used as the working condition influence factor.

[0040] In this embodiment, the cumulative total number of operations N is read from the circuit breaker controller. Based on the total number of operations, a preset attenuation mapping relationship is queried to determine the mechanical transmission efficiency attenuation coefficient. The preset attenuation mapping relationship in this embodiment can be obtained from historical life data of similar circuit breaker groups or accelerated aging experiments, and is used to characterize the statistical law that performance slowly decreases with increasing number of operations.

[0041] In this embodiment, the product of the operating condition influence factor and the mechanical transmission efficiency attenuation coefficient is used as the environmental correction factor C.

[0042] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment, by introducing an environmental correction factor, enables the health baseline to be adjusted in real time according to environmental conditions and to automatically evolve with the service life of the equipment. This significantly improves the adaptability of condition assessment to complex operating environments and avoids false alarms caused by drastic environmental changes or normal equipment aging. This embodiment, by separating and quantitatively compensating for the two main non-fault-related influencing factors—environmental interference and natural aging—allows the focus of fault diagnosis to be more concentrated on abnormal signals caused by actual mechanical defects, electrical faults, or severe wear, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of diagnosis.

[0043] S103: Determine the dynamic reference feature fingerprint based on the current characteristic value and the environmental correction factor.

[0044] In this embodiment, the dynamic reference feature fingerprint is used to characterize the feature values ​​that a healthy circuit breaker should exhibit under the current operating conditions.

[0045] In one embodiment of this application, determining a dynamic reference feature fingerprint based on current characteristic values ​​and an environmental correction factor includes: The current operating conditions are determined based on the main circuit current and the environmental correction factor. Based on the preset health benchmark database, query the electromagnetic force benchmark value, mechanical motion speed benchmark value, and mechanical impact benchmark value corresponding to the current operating condition; the preset health benchmark database is used to characterize the correspondence between electromagnetic force benchmark values, mechanical motion speed benchmark values, and mechanical impact benchmark values ​​under different operating conditions; By combining the electromagnetic force reference value, the mechanical motion speed reference value, and the mechanical impact reference value, a dynamic reference feature fingerprint is obtained.

[0046] In this embodiment, the operating condition refers to the comprehensive working conditions under which the circuit breaker performs the current opening or closing operation, mainly determined by the electrical load condition and the overall equipment status condition. The electrical load condition is characterized by the current characteristic value (or peak value), reflecting the load state (e.g., no-load, light-load, rated load, or overload). Under different loads, the force on the electromagnetic mechanism, the arc energy, and the reaction force on the mechanical state all differ. The overall equipment status condition is characterized by an environmental correction factor, which integrates the instantaneous effects of current ambient temperature and humidity with the cumulative effects of long-term operational wear and tear. The preset health benchmark library is a knowledge base established in advance through extensive experiments, simulations, and / or historical health data, storing the standard characteristic values ​​that a healthy circuit breaker should exhibit under various operating conditions. For each operating condition, the database stores electromagnetic force benchmark values, mechanical motion speed benchmark values, and mechanical impact benchmark values. The electromagnetic force benchmark value refers to the standard range or typical value that the operating coil current characteristic value (e.g., peak value) of a healthy circuit breaker should be under the current operating condition. The mechanical motion speed reference value refers to the standard range or typical value that the average moving contact speed of a healthy circuit breaker should be under current operating conditions. The mechanical impact reference value refers to the standard range or typical value that the vibration and impact intensity generated during the operation of a healthy circuit breaker should be under current operating conditions.

[0047] In this embodiment, the current characteristic value of the current operation is obtained. This current characteristic value can be the effective current value I within one cycle before and after the operation. The combination of the current characteristic value and the environmental correction factor (I, C) is used as the query condition, and the discrete operating condition interval that is closest to this combination is taken as the current operating condition.

[0048] Based on the determined operating conditions, a query is performed in the preset health benchmark database to obtain three benchmark values ​​corresponding to that operating condition: electromagnetic force benchmark value. Mechanical motion speed reference value and mechanical impact benchmark value .

[0049] In this embodiment, the three queried baseline values ​​are combined in a fixed order to form a three-dimensional vector: This three-dimensional vector is the dynamic reference feature fingerprint for the current operation, representing the ideal feature profile that a healthy circuit breaker should exhibit under the current specific load and overall conditions.

[0050] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment generates a personalized health benchmark that precisely matches each test through dynamic query, changing the judgment standard from "one ruler to measure everything" to "customizing a ruler for each measurement", which greatly improves the accuracy and sensitivity of status assessment and can detect more subtle early faults; and by introducing load conditions, the benchmark value can be adjusted synchronously with the load, avoiding false alarms caused by load changes and improving the reliability of diagnosis.

[0051] S104: Obtain the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency based on the first initial feature vector and the dynamic reference feature fingerprint.

[0052] In this embodiment, the degree of deviation is used to characterize the extent to which each feature value deviates from the health benchmark, and the degree of consistency is used to characterize the degree of consistency in the physical relationship between the feature values. The degree of deviation includes a first degree of deviation, a second degree of deviation, and a third degree of deviation, and the degree of consistency includes a first degree of consistency and a second degree of consistency.

[0053] In one embodiment of this application, the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency are obtained based on a first initial feature vector and a dynamic reference feature fingerprint, including: The degree of the first deviation is determined based on the deviation between the characteristic value of the electromagnetic force and the corresponding reference value; The degree of the second deviation is determined based on the deviation between the characteristic value of the mechanical motion speed and the corresponding reference value; The degree of the third deviation is determined based on the deviation between the mechanical impact characteristic value and the corresponding benchmark value; The consistency between the electromagnetic force characteristic value and the mechanical motion speed characteristic value is detected to obtain the first degree of consistency; The consistency between the mechanical motion speed characteristic value and the mechanical impact characteristic value is detected to obtain the second consistency degree.

[0054] The process of detecting the consistency between electromagnetic force characteristic values ​​and mechanical motion velocity characteristic values ​​to obtain the first degree of consistency includes: The electromagnetic impulse characteristic value is obtained by integrating the curve of the electromagnetic force characteristic value changing with time; the electromagnetic impulse characteristic value is used to characterize the proportional relationship between the electromagnetic impulse and the mechanical motion speed. Based on the electromagnetic impulse characteristic value, environmental correction factor, and impulse-velocity conversion coefficient, and using the theoretical formula for calculating the mechanical motion velocity characteristic, the theoretical value of the mechanical motion velocity characteristic is obtained; the theoretical formula for calculating the mechanical motion velocity characteristic is as follows: ,in, This represents the theoretical value of the characteristic speed of mechanical motion. This represents the impulse-velocity conversion factor. Indicates the environmental correction factor. Indicates the characteristic value of electromagnetic impulse; The first degree of consistency is determined based on the degree of deviation between the characteristic value of mechanical motion speed and the theoretical value of mechanical motion speed.

[0055] The second degree of consistency is obtained by detecting the consistency between the mechanical motion velocity characteristic value and the mechanical impact characteristic value, including: Based on the mechanical motion speed characteristic value and the preset impact reference value, the theoretical expected value of the mechanical impact characteristic is determined; The second degree of consistency is determined based on the degree of deviation between the mechanical impact characteristic value and the theoretical expected value of the mechanical impact characteristic.

[0056] In this embodiment, the degree of deviation refers to a quantitative measure of the deviation between a certain feature value actually extracted from the circuit breaker in this operation and its corresponding dynamic reference benchmark value provided by the health benchmark database. It characterizes the degree to which the physical quantity represented by the feature (e.g., electromagnetic force, motion velocity, impact intensity) deviates from its expected health level. The value of the degree of deviation is usually expressed as a percentage error or standardized difference. In this embodiment, the first degree of deviation D1 refers to the deviation of the electromagnetic force feature value F relative to the electromagnetic force benchmark value; the second degree of deviation D2 refers to the deviation of the mechanical motion velocity feature value V relative to the mechanical motion velocity benchmark value; and the third degree of deviation D3 refers to the deviation of the mechanical impact feature value A relative to the mechanical impact benchmark value.

[0057] In this embodiment, the degree of consistency refers to the quantification of the conformity between the actual observed relationship and the theoretically expected relationship derived from physical laws or empirical models between two different but physically related characteristic values. It characterizes whether the coordination and constraint relationships between multiple physical processes within a circuit breaker are normal, and can detect hidden faults where individual characteristic deviations are not obvious, but the linkage relationship is out of balance. In this embodiment, the first degree of consistency, M1, is used to evaluate the consistency between the two causal characteristics of electromagnetic force and mechanical motion speed. Theoretically, electromagnetic impulse (the integral of force over time) should be converted into mechanical kinetic energy, manifested as motion speed. The second degree of consistency, M2, evaluates the consistency between the two related characteristics of mechanical motion speed and mechanical impact. Theoretically, there is a direct relationship between the final velocity of a moving part and the impact intensity generated by its collision at the end of its stroke.

[0058] In this embodiment, the dynamic deviation threshold refers to the boundary value for judging whether the degree of deviation is abnormal. This threshold is not fixed and can be adjusted according to the operating conditions or the magnitude of the feature itself. For example, it can be set to ±10% of the corresponding benchmark value. When the degree of deviation exceeds this threshold, the feature is determined to have a significant abnormality. The consistency threshold refers to the boundary value for judging whether the degree of consistency is abnormal. It can be determined based on the allowable error range between the expected value calculated by the theoretical model and the actual value, or it can be set through the statistical distribution of consistency indicators in health data.

[0059] This embodiment is based on the first initial feature vector. With dynamic reference feature fingerprint The degree of deviation and the degree of consistency are calculated based on the percentage error formula. Specifically, the first degree of deviation is calculated based on the characteristic value of the electromagnetic force and the reference value of the electromagnetic force, using the first percentage error formula. The first percentage calculation formula can be: Based on the characteristic value and reference value of the mechanical motion speed, and using the second percentage error formula, the second deviation degree is calculated. The second percentage calculation formula can be: Based on the mechanical impact characteristic value and the mechanical impact reference value, and calculated using the third percentage error formula, the third percentage deviation is as follows: The first deviation degree, the second deviation degree, and the third deviation degree obtained in this embodiment represent the independent anomaly levels in the three dimensions of electromagnetic force, mechanical motion speed, and mechanical impact, respectively.

[0060] In this embodiment, the time-synchronized operating coil current signal (which has been used to extract F) is used during its main operating period (the effective period during which the operating coil current does work on the iron core). Integrating within the inner quadrant yields the electromagnetic impulse eigenvalue. J The integral formula can be: ,in, This represents the characteristic value of electromagnetic impulse. Represents the current waveform. This represents the steady-state value of the operating coil current. Indicates the point where the current begins to change abruptly. This indicates the moment when the current drops to below 10% of the peak current and the rate of change of the current first approaches zero (the absolute value is less than the preset slope threshold).

[0061] This embodiment obtains the theoretical value of mechanical motion speed characteristics based on the electromagnetic impulse characteristic value, environmental correction factor, and impulse-speed conversion coefficient, and through the theoretical value calculation formula for mechanical motion speed characteristics. The theoretical value calculation formula for mechanical motion speed characteristics can be: ,in, This represents the theoretical value of the characteristic speed of mechanical motion. This represents the impulse-speed conversion factor, which is usually a constant and can be obtained through experimental calibration of a healthy circuit breaker. Indicates the environmental correction factor. This represents the characteristic value of electromagnetic impulse. Based on the characteristic value of mechanical motion velocity and its theoretical value, and using the fourth percentage calculation formula, the first degree of consistency is calculated. The fourth percentage calculation formula can be: .

[0062] Based on experience, this embodiment determines that the mechanical impact intensity is related to the final velocity of the moving part (which can be approximated by V or obtained through...). (Corrected) Positively correlated and related to the equivalent stiffness of the mechanical structure. This embodiment can determine the theoretical expected value of the mechanical impact characteristics based on the mechanical motion velocity characteristic value, a preset impact reference value, and the following formula: ,in, R This represents the preset impact reference value, indicating the impact at standard speed. The expected impact intensity is determined by the preset impact reference value, which can be obtained from the health baseline database by querying the corresponding mechanical impact baseline value based on the current operating conditions and combining it with the standard velocity value under those conditions.

[0063] Based on the mechanical impact characteristic value and the theoretical expected value of the mechanical impact characteristic, the second degree of consistency is calculated using the fifth percentage calculation formula, which can be: .

[0064] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment introduces a consistency index to actively check whether the inherent physical relationship between different physical quantities has been destroyed, so that hidden, early composite faults such as "the electromagnetic force is normal and the speed of motion is also normal, but the work done by the electromagnetic force has not been completely converted into kinetic energy" can be discovered during diagnosis, which greatly improves the ability to detect faults.

[0065] S105: Determine whether the circuit breaker is faulty based on the degree of deviation and consistency, and through a hierarchical decision-making mechanism.

[0066] In one embodiment of this application, determining whether a circuit breaker is faulty based on the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency, and through a hierarchical decision-making mechanism, includes: If all deviations are below the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold and all consistency levels are below the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to be fault-free. If at least one deviation is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, or any consistency is not lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, the circuit breaker is preliminarily determined to be faulty and enters the secondary fault confirmation stage. In the secondary fault confirmation stage, if all consistency levels are lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, and only one deviation level is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a single component abnormal fault. If the deviation is lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold and at least one consistency is not lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a signal abnormality fault. If at least one deviation level is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, and all consistency levels are lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a composite component abnormal fault. If at least one deviation is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, and at least one consistency is not lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a combined characteristic abnormal fault.

[0067] In this embodiment, the secondary fault confirmation stage refers to the process where, when the first-level screening detects any anomaly (deviation or consistency exceeding limits), a fault conclusion is not directly given. Instead, a more refined logical analysis stage is initiated. This stage distinguishes the root cause category of the fault by combining and analyzing the abnormal patterns of five indicators.

[0068] In this embodiment, the obtained first deviation degree value, second deviation degree value, and third deviation degree value are compared with the corresponding first dynamic deviation threshold, second dynamic deviation threshold, and third dynamic deviation threshold (the dynamic deviation threshold can be set independently or uniformly according to the feature physical quantity). The obtained first consistency degree value and second consistency degree value are compared with the first consistency threshold and second consistency threshold, respectively.

[0069] If the first deviation value is less than the first dynamic deviation threshold, the second deviation value is less than the second dynamic deviation threshold, the third deviation value is less than the third dynamic deviation threshold, the first consistency value is less than the first consistency threshold, and the second consistency value is less than the second consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to be fault-free, the analysis ends, and the normal status is output.

[0070] If at least one deviation value is greater than or equal to the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, or at least one consistency value is greater than or equal to the consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is preliminarily determined to be faulty and enters the secondary fault confirmation stage.

[0071] In this embodiment, the case where the first deviation value is greater than or equal to the first dynamic deviation threshold is used as the first deviation exceeding the limit flag B1; the case where the second deviation value is greater than or equal to the second dynamic deviation threshold is used as the second deviation exceeding the limit flag B2; and the case where the third deviation value is greater than or equal to the third dynamic deviation threshold is used as the third deviation exceeding the limit flag B3. Similarly, the case where the first consistency value is greater than or equal to the first consistency threshold is used as the first consistency exceeding the limit flag E1; and the case where the second consistency value is greater than or equal to the second consistency threshold is used as the second consistency exceeding the limit flag E2. In this embodiment, the deviation exceeding the limit flags (B1, B2, B3) and the consistency exceeding the limit flags (E1, E2) are numerically processed. If the exceeding the limit flag is true, the corresponding value is 1; if the exceeding the limit flag is false, the corresponding value is 0. For example, if B1 is true, the corresponding value is 1.

[0072] In the secondary fault confirmation stage, if all consistency levels do not exceed the corresponding consistency threshold, and among the three deviation levels, only one deviation level exceeds the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold (i.e., the sum of the deviation over-limit flags equals 1), then the circuit breaker is determined to have a single component abnormality fault. If the deviation level exceeds the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold in case B1 (B1 is true), then the electromagnetic drive system is determined to be abnormal (e.g., operating coil, iron core, control circuit, etc.); if the deviation level exceeds the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold in case B2 (B2 is true), then the mechanical transmission system is determined to be abnormal (e.g., linkage mechanism, lubrication status, contact wear, etc.); if the deviation level exceeds the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold in case B3 (B3 is true), then the buffer / collision system is determined to be abnormal (e.g., buffer failure, collision gap change, etc.).

[0073] If all deviations do not exceed the corresponding dynamic deviation thresholds (B1, B2, and B3 are all false), and at least one consistency level exceeds the corresponding consistency threshold (E1 is true or E2 is true), then the circuit breaker is determined to have a signal abnormality fault. In this case, it indicates that the values ​​of each physical quantity are within the normal fluctuation range, but the inherent causal relationship between the physical quantities (electromagnetic force → velocity, velocity → impact intensity) has significantly deviated from theoretical expectations. This may not be caused by a fault in the circuit breaker itself, but rather by sensor inaccuracy, signal transmission interference, or abnormal data acquisition. In this embodiment, when all characteristic values ​​are normal but the physical relationships are out of balance, it is recommended to check the vibration acceleration sensor, displacement sensor, and their signal links to confirm whether there is loosening, drift, or electromagnetic interference.

[0074] If all consistency levels do not exceed the corresponding consistency threshold (E1 and E2 are both false), and the sum of the deviation exceeding the limit flags is greater than or equal to 2, meaning at least two deviation levels simultaneously exceed the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a composite component abnormality fault. In this mode, multiple independent physical quantities simultaneously exhibit significant anomalies, but the coordination ratio between these physical quantities remains normal. This indicates that the fault does not occur in isolation in a single link, but rather that multiple components deteriorate simultaneously, or that a common root cause fault (e.g., operating mechanism jamming, abnormal power supply voltage) simultaneously affects multiple characteristic manifestations. In this case, it is recommended to comprehensively inspect the operating mechanism, power supply voltage, and transmission chain to investigate whether there are common root cause problems such as mechanical jamming, insufficient drive, or synchronization misalignment.

[0075] If at least one deviation exceeds the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold (at least one of B1, B2, and B3 must be true), and at least one consistency exceeds the corresponding consistency threshold (E1 or E2 must be true), then the circuit breaker is determined to have a combined characteristic abnormality fault. This mode is the most severe fault state, characterized not only by significant deviations in characteristic values ​​but also by disruption of the intrinsic relationships between physical quantities. This indicates that the circuit breaker has not only experienced performance degradation but also that its basic physical coordination mechanism has been disrupted, typically pointing to major defects such as structural damage, component detachment, control system logic errors, or severe wear. In this case, immediate emergency shutdown and maintenance are recommended, with a focus on checking the core and armature engagement status, the integrity of the tripping mechanism, the buffer device, and the control system response logic.

[0076] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment, by constructing a deviation-consistency joint decision tree, decomposes a single abnormal signal into four fault modes with clear physical meanings. For the first time in the field of circuit breaker fault diagnosis, it achieves refined identification of fault types, upgrading maintenance personnel from "knowing there's a problem" to "knowing where the problem is and what the problem is likely to be," significantly shortening fault diagnosis time. In this embodiment, when all feature values ​​are numerically normal but the physical relationships contradict each other, it can accurately locate the signal abnormality fault, significantly reducing the false alarm rate, improving maintenance efficiency, and avoiding unnecessary power outages for healthy equipment.

[0077] Corresponding to the pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method in the above embodiment, Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis device provided in one embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts relevant to the embodiment of this application are shown. References Figure 2 The pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis device 20 includes: an initial vector acquisition module 21, an environmental correction factor determination module 22, a dynamic reference feature fingerprint determination module 23, a deviation degree determination module 24, and a fault judgment module 25.

[0078] The initial vector acquisition module 21 acquires the multi-source parameters of the circuit breaker and the real-time monitored environmental parameters, and performs time synchronization processing on the multi-source parameters to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data; based on the multi-source signal data, it extracts a first initial feature vector and a second initial feature vector; the multi-source parameters include operating coil current, main circuit current, vibration acceleration and moving contact displacement, the environmental parameters include temperature and humidity, the first initial feature vector includes electromagnetic force feature value, mechanical motion speed feature value and mechanical impact feature value, and the second initial feature vector includes current feature value; The environmental correction factor determination module 22 is used to determine the environmental correction factor based on environmental parameters. The dynamic reference fingerprint determination module 23 is used to determine the dynamic reference fingerprint based on the characteristic information of the main circuit current and the environmental correction factor. The dynamic reference fingerprint is used to characterize the characteristic value that a healthy circuit breaker should exhibit under the current operating conditions. The deviation degree determination module 24 is used to obtain the deviation degree and the consistency degree based on the first initial feature vector and the dynamic reference feature fingerprint; the deviation degree is used to characterize the degree of deviation of each feature value from the health benchmark, and the consistency degree is used to characterize the degree of consistency of the physical relationship between the feature values; The fault diagnosis module 25 is used to determine whether the circuit breaker is faulty based on the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency, and through a hierarchical decision-making mechanism.

[0079] In one embodiment of this application, when determining the dynamic reference fingerprint based on the current characteristic value and the environmental correction factor, the dynamic reference fingerprint determination module 23 is specifically used for: The current operating condition is determined based on the current characteristic value and the environmental correction factor; Based on the preset health benchmark database, query the electromagnetic force benchmark value, mechanical motion speed benchmark value, and mechanical impact benchmark value corresponding to the current operating condition; the preset health benchmark database is used to characterize the correspondence between electromagnetic force benchmark values, mechanical motion speed benchmark values, and mechanical impact benchmark values ​​under different operating conditions; By combining the electromagnetic force reference value, the mechanical motion speed reference value, and the mechanical impact reference value, a dynamic reference feature fingerprint is obtained.

[0080] In one embodiment of this application, the degree of deviation includes a first degree of deviation, a second degree of deviation, and a third degree of deviation, and the degree of consistency includes a first degree of consistency and a second degree of consistency. When obtaining the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency based on the first initial feature vector and the dynamic reference feature fingerprint, the deviation degree determination module 24 is specifically used for: The degree of the first deviation is determined based on the deviation between the characteristic value of the electromagnetic force and the corresponding reference value; The degree of the second deviation is determined based on the deviation between the characteristic value of the mechanical motion speed and the corresponding reference value; The degree of the third deviation is determined based on the deviation between the mechanical impact characteristic value and the corresponding benchmark value; The consistency between the electromagnetic force characteristic value and the mechanical motion speed characteristic value is detected to obtain the first degree of consistency; The consistency between the mechanical motion speed characteristic value and the mechanical impact characteristic value is detected to obtain the second consistency degree.

[0081] In one embodiment of this application, when detecting the consistency between the electromagnetic force characteristic value and the mechanical motion speed characteristic value to obtain a first degree of consistency, the deviation degree determination module 24 is specifically used for: The electromagnetic impulse characteristic value is obtained by integrating the curve of the electromagnetic force characteristic value changing with time; the electromagnetic impulse characteristic value is used to characterize the proportional relationship between the electromagnetic impulse and the mechanical motion speed. Based on the electromagnetic impulse characteristic value, environmental correction factor, and impulse-velocity conversion coefficient, and using the theoretical formula for calculating the mechanical motion velocity characteristic, the theoretical value of the mechanical motion velocity characteristic is obtained; the theoretical formula for calculating the mechanical motion velocity characteristic is as follows: ,in, This represents the theoretical value of the characteristic speed of mechanical motion. This represents the impulse-velocity conversion factor. Indicates the environmental correction factor. Indicates the characteristic value of electromagnetic impulse; The first degree of consistency is determined based on the degree of deviation between the characteristic value of mechanical motion speed and the theoretical value of mechanical motion speed. When determining the second degree of consistency between the characteristic values ​​of mechanical motion speed and mechanical impact, the deviation degree determination module 24 is specifically used for: Based on the mechanical motion speed characteristic value and the preset impact reference value, the theoretical expected value of the mechanical impact characteristic is determined; The second degree of consistency is determined based on the degree of deviation between the mechanical impact characteristic value and the theoretical expected value of the mechanical impact characteristic.

[0082] In one embodiment of this application, when determining whether a circuit breaker is faulty based on the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency, and through a hierarchical decision-making mechanism, the fault judgment module 25 is specifically used for: If all deviations are below the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold and all consistency levels are below the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to be fault-free. If at least one deviation is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, or any consistency is not lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, the circuit breaker is preliminarily determined to be faulty and enters the secondary fault confirmation stage. In the secondary fault confirmation stage, if all consistency levels are lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, and only one deviation level is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a single component abnormal fault. If the deviation is lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold and at least one consistency is not lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a signal abnormality fault. If at least one deviation level is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, and all consistency levels are lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a composite component abnormal fault. If at least one deviation is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, and at least one consistency is not lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a combined characteristic abnormal fault.

[0083] In one embodiment of this application, when performing time synchronization processing on multi-source parameters to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data, the initial vector acquisition module 21 is specifically used for: The current waveform of the operating coil is obtained based on the current of the operating coil. The starting point of the current change is identified from the current waveform and used as the reference time. Extract the first peak point that exceeds the preset acceleration threshold from the vibration acceleration signal, take the time corresponding to the peak point as the first time, and take the difference between the first time and the reference time as the first delay of the vibration acceleration signal relative to the reference time. The starting point of the moving contact movement is identified from the moving contact displacement signal. The time corresponding to the starting point is taken as the second time, and the difference between the second time and the reference time is taken as the second delay of the displacement signal relative to the reference time. Using the reference time as the time alignment reference point, the vibration acceleration signal is compensated for the first delay on the time axis, and the moving contact displacement signal is compensated for the second delay on the time axis to obtain multi-source signal data after time alignment.

[0084] In one embodiment of this application, when determining the environmental correction factor based on environmental parameters, the environmental correction factor determination module 22 is specifically used for: Based on the current temperature and humidity, two-dimensional linear interpolation is performed in the preset environmental parameter benchmark mapping table to obtain the theoretical value of the mechanical motion characteristics under the current operating conditions. The environmental parameter benchmark mapping table uses temperature as the row index and humidity as the column index. Each element value represents the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristics of the healthy circuit breaker under the corresponding temperature and humidity conditions. The ratio of the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristic to the benchmark mechanical motion speed characteristic value under the preset standard reference working condition is used as the working condition influence factor. Get the total number of operations performed on the circuit breaker since it was put into operation; Based on the mapping relationship between the number of operations and the attenuation coefficient, determine the mechanical transmission efficiency attenuation coefficient corresponding to the total number of operations; The environmental correction factor is obtained by multiplying the operating condition influence factor by the mechanical transmission efficiency attenuation coefficient.

[0085] It should be noted that the specific limitations of the pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis device 20 provided above can be found in the limitations of the pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method above, and will not be repeated here. Each module of the above device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each module can be embedded in the processor of the electronic device in hardware form or independent of the processor, or stored in the memory of the electronic device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0086] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device to which this application embodiment applies is shown, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device can be used to implement the methods provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0087] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 300 may primarily include at least one processor 301. Figure 3 The diagram shows components such as a memory 302, a communication module 303, and an input / output interface 304. Optionally, these components can be connected and communicate with each other via a bus 305. It should be noted that... Figure 3 The structure of the electronic device 300 shown is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic devices to which the methods provided in the embodiments of this application are applicable.

[0088] The memory 302 can be used to store operating systems and applications, etc. The applications may include computer programs that implement the methods shown in the embodiments of this application when invoked by the processor 301, and may also include programs for implementing other functions or services. The memory 302 may be ROM (Read Only Memory) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, RAM (Random Access Memory) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and computer programs, or it may be EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) or other optical disc storage, optical disk storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.

[0089] Processor 301 is connected to memory 302 via bus 305 and implements corresponding functions by calling the application programs stored in memory 302. Processor 301 can be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a general-purpose processor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of this application. Processor 301 can also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0090] Electronic device 300 can connect to a network via communication module 303 (which may include, but is not limited to, components such as a network interface) to communicate with other devices (such as user terminals or servers) through the network and achieve data interaction, such as sending data to or receiving data from other devices. Communication module 303 may include wired network interfaces and / or wireless network interfaces, meaning the communication module may include at least one of wired or wireless communication modules.

[0091] The electronic device 300 can connect to necessary input / output devices, such as a keyboard and display device, via the input / output interface 304. The electronic device 300 itself may have a display device, and other display devices can also be connected externally via the interface 304. Optionally, a storage device, such as a hard drive, can also be connected via the interface 304 to store data from the electronic device 300, retrieve data from the storage device, or store data from the storage device in the memory 302. It is understood that the input / output interface 304 can be a wired interface or a wireless interface. Depending on the actual application scenario, the device connected to the input / output interface 304 can be a component of the electronic device 300 or an external device connected to the electronic device 300 when needed.

[0092] The bus 305 used to connect the components may include a path for transmitting information between the components. The bus 305 may be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. Depending on its function, the bus 305 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.

[0093] Optionally, for the solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the memory 302 can be used to store a computer program that executes the solution of this application, and the processor 301 runs the computer program. When the processor 301 runs the computer program, it implements the operation of the method or apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0094] Based on the same principle as the method provided in the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the corresponding content of the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0095] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "1," "2," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that shown in the figures or text.

[0096] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "module" or "unit" refer to a computer program or part of a computer program that has a predetermined function and works with other related parts to achieve a predetermined goal, and can be implemented wholly or partially using software, hardware (such as processing circuitry or memory), or a combination thereof. Similarly, a processor (or multiple processors or memory) can be used to implement one or more modules or units. Furthermore, each module or unit can be part of an overall module or unit that includes the functionality of that module or unit.

[0097] It should be understood that although arrows indicate various operation steps in the flowcharts of this application's embodiments, the order in which these steps are implemented is not limited to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, in some implementation scenarios of this application's embodiments, the implementation steps in each flowchart can be executed in other orders as required. Furthermore, some or all steps in each flowchart, based on the actual implementation scenario, may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. Some or all of these sub-steps or stages can be executed at the same time, and each sub-step or stage can also be executed at different times. In scenarios where execution times differ, the execution order of these sub-steps or stages can be flexibly configured according to requirements, and this application's embodiments do not limit this.

[0098] The above are only optional implementation methods for some implementation scenarios of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, other similar implementation methods based on the technical concept of this application without departing from the technical concept of this application also fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for fault analysis of pole-mounted circuit breakers, characterized in that, include: The circuit breaker's multi-source parameters and real-time monitored environmental parameters are acquired, and the multi-source parameters are time-synchronized to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data. Based on the multi-source signal data, a first initial feature vector and a second initial feature vector are extracted. The multi-source parameters include operating coil current, main circuit current, vibration acceleration, and moving contact displacement. The environmental parameters include temperature and humidity. The first initial feature vector includes electromagnetic force feature values, mechanical motion speed feature values, and mechanical impact feature values. The second initial feature vector includes current feature values. Determine the environmental correction factor based on the environmental parameters; A dynamic reference fingerprint is determined based on the current characteristic value and the environmental correction factor. The dynamic reference fingerprint is used to characterize the characteristic value that a healthy circuit breaker should exhibit under the current operating conditions. Based on the first initial feature vector and the dynamic reference feature fingerprint, the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency are obtained; the degree of deviation is used to characterize the degree to which each feature value deviates from the health benchmark, and the degree of consistency is used to characterize the degree of consistency of the physical relationship between the feature values. Based on the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency, a hierarchical decision-making mechanism is used to determine whether the circuit breaker is faulty.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the characteristic information of the main circuit current and the environmental correction factor, a dynamic reference feature fingerprint is determined, including: The current operating condition is determined based on the main circuit current and the environmental correction factor. Based on a preset health benchmark database, the electromagnetic force benchmark value, mechanical motion speed benchmark value, and mechanical impact benchmark value corresponding to the current operating condition are queried; the preset health benchmark database is used to characterize the correspondence between the electromagnetic force benchmark value, mechanical motion speed benchmark value, and mechanical impact benchmark value under different operating conditions; The electromagnetic force reference value, the mechanical motion speed reference value, and the mechanical impact reference value are combined to obtain the dynamic reference feature fingerprint.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The degree of deviation includes a first degree of deviation, a second degree of deviation, and a third degree of deviation; the degree of consistency includes a first degree of consistency and a second degree of consistency. The step of obtaining the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency based on the first initial feature vector and the dynamic reference feature fingerprint includes: The degree of the first deviation is determined based on the deviation between the electromagnetic force characteristic value and the corresponding reference value; The degree of the second deviation is determined based on the deviation between the mechanical motion speed characteristic value and the corresponding reference value; The third degree of deviation is determined based on the deviation between the mechanical impact characteristic value and the corresponding reference value; The consistency between the electromagnetic force characteristic value and the mechanical motion speed characteristic value is detected to obtain a first degree of consistency; The consistency between the mechanical motion speed characteristic value and the mechanical impact characteristic value is detected to obtain a second consistency level.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of detecting the consistency between the electromagnetic force characteristic value and the mechanical motion speed characteristic value to obtain a first degree of consistency includes: The electromagnetic impulse characteristic value is obtained by integrating the curve of the electromagnetic force characteristic value changing with time; the electromagnetic impulse characteristic value is used to characterize the proportional relationship between the electromagnetic impulse and the mechanical motion speed. Based on the electromagnetic impulse characteristic value, environmental correction factor, and impulse-velocity conversion coefficient, and using the theoretical formula for calculating the mechanical motion velocity characteristic, the theoretical value of the mechanical motion velocity characteristic is obtained; the theoretical formula for calculating the mechanical motion velocity characteristic is as follows: ,in, This represents the theoretical value of the characteristic speed of mechanical motion. This represents the impulse-velocity conversion factor. Indicates the environmental correction factor. Indicates the characteristic value of electromagnetic impulse; The first degree of consistency is determined based on the degree of deviation between the mechanical motion speed characteristic value and the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristic value; The step of detecting the consistency between the mechanical motion speed feature value and the mechanical impact feature value to obtain a second degree of consistency includes: Based on the mechanical motion speed characteristic value and the preset impact reference value, the theoretical expected value of the mechanical impact characteristic is determined; The second degree of consistency is determined based on the degree of deviation between the mechanical impact characteristic value and the theoretical expected value of the mechanical impact characteristic.

5. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the circuit breaker is faulty based on the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency, and through a hierarchical decision-making mechanism, includes: If all deviations are below the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold and all consistencyes are below the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to be fault-free. If at least one deviation is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, or any consistency is not lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is preliminarily determined to be faulty and enters the secondary fault confirmation stage. In the secondary fault confirmation stage, if all consistency levels are lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, and only one deviation level is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a single component abnormal fault. If the deviation is lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold and at least one consistency is not lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a signal abnormality fault. If at least one deviation level is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, and all consistency levels are lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a composite component abnormality fault. If at least one deviation is not lower than the corresponding dynamic deviation threshold, and at least one consistency is not lower than the corresponding consistency threshold, then the circuit breaker is determined to have a combined characteristic abnormal fault.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing time synchronization processing on the multi-source parameters to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data includes: The current waveform of the operating coil is obtained based on the current of the operating coil, the current initiation change point is identified from the current waveform, and the current initiation change point is used as the reference time. Extract the first peak point that exceeds the preset acceleration threshold from the vibration acceleration signal, take the time corresponding to the peak point as the first time, and take the difference between the first time and the reference time as the first delay of the vibration acceleration signal relative to the reference time. The starting point of the moving contact movement is identified from the moving contact displacement signal, the time corresponding to the starting point is taken as the second time, and the difference between the second time and the reference time is taken as the second delay of the displacement signal relative to the reference time. Using the reference time as the time alignment reference point, the vibration acceleration signal is compensated for the first delay on the time axis, and the moving contact displacement signal is compensated for the second delay on the time axis to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the environmental correction factor based on the environmental parameters includes: Based on the current temperature and humidity, two-dimensional linear interpolation is performed in a preset environmental parameter benchmark mapping table to obtain the theoretical value of the mechanical motion characteristics under the current operating conditions. The environmental parameter benchmark mapping table uses temperature as the row index and humidity as the column index, where each element value represents the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristics of the healthy circuit breaker under the corresponding temperature and humidity conditions. The ratio of the theoretical value of the mechanical motion speed characteristic to the benchmark mechanical motion speed characteristic value under the preset standard reference working condition is used as the working condition influence factor. Obtain the total number of operations performed on the circuit breaker since it was put into operation; Based on the mapping relationship between the number of operations and the attenuation coefficient, the mechanical transmission efficiency attenuation coefficient corresponding to the total number of operations is determined; The environmental correction factor is obtained by multiplying the operating condition influence factor by the mechanical transmission efficiency attenuation coefficient.

8. A fault analysis device for pole-mounted circuit breakers, characterized in that, include: An initial vector acquisition module acquires multi-source parameters of the circuit breaker and real-time monitored environmental parameters, and performs time synchronization processing on the multi-source parameters to obtain time-aligned multi-source signal data; based on the multi-source signal data, it extracts a first initial feature vector and a second initial feature vector; the multi-source parameters include operating coil current, main circuit current, vibration acceleration, and moving contact displacement, the environmental parameters include temperature and humidity, the first initial feature vector includes electromagnetic force feature values, mechanical motion speed feature values, and mechanical impact feature values, and the second initial feature vector includes current feature values; An environmental correction factor determination module is used to determine an environmental correction factor based on the environmental parameters. The dynamic reference fingerprint determination module is used to determine the dynamic reference fingerprint based on the current characteristic value and the environmental correction factor. The dynamic reference fingerprint is used to characterize the characteristic value that a healthy circuit breaker should exhibit under the current operating conditions. The deviation degree determination module is used to obtain the deviation degree and the consistency degree based on the first initial feature vector and the dynamic reference feature fingerprint; the deviation degree is used to characterize the degree to which each feature value deviates from the health benchmark, and the consistency degree is used to characterize the degree of consistency of the physical relationship between the feature values; The fault diagnosis module is used to determine whether the circuit breaker has a fault based on the degree of deviation and the degree of consistency, and through a hierarchical decision-making mechanism.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the pole-mounted circuit breaker fault analysis method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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