Nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system and implementation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system and an implementation method thereof. The system is sequentially provided with an entrance area, an offshore monitoring area and an open sea early warning area from a water intake to the outside; a sensor array is integrated on the trash holding net in the entrance area; a plurality of layers of offshore monitoring floating bodies which are arranged in an arc line are arranged in the offshore monitoring area and are connected through a first chain; an open-sea monitoring floating body arranged in an arc line is arranged in the open-sea early warning area and is connected through a second chain; and the centers of all the areas are connected in series through a third chain to form a skeleton structure which takes the chain as a spine and spreads towards two sides. Wide area scanning is carried out through the open sea early warning area, and first-level early warning is generated; tracking and risk prediction are performed on a target through an offshore monitoring area, and a second-level alarm is generated; and final confirmation is carried out through the entrance area, and third-level response and interception are triggered. According to the invention, three-dimensional and full-coverage monitoring from the open sea to the water intake is realized, and through intelligent graded early warning and linkage response, the early warning time efficiency and the disposal efficiency are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning technology, and more specifically to a nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system and its implementation method. Background Technology

[0002] The safety of the cooling source in a nuclear power plant is a critical aspect of ensuring the stable operation of nuclear power units. If the intake is heavily invaded or blocked by marine pollutants (such as large algae, jellyfish, floating debris, fishing nets, etc.), it will lead to insufficient flow in the circulating water system, causing the unit to operate at reduced power or even to shut down unplanned, resulting in huge economic losses and safety risks.

[0003] Currently, the main methods used for monitoring and early warning of cold source safety in nuclear power plants are as follows:

[0004] Manual patrols and periodic monitoring rely on visual inspections by crew or staff, or periodic water quality and biological sampling using equipment carried by vessels. This method is inefficient, has limited coverage, cannot achieve real-time continuous monitoring, and is greatly affected by weather and sea conditions, making it difficult to respond to sudden, large-scale intrusions of hazardous materials.

[0005] Single or localized sensor monitoring: This involves installing water quality sensors, cameras, or small sonar devices near the water intake. While this method achieves a certain degree of automation, its monitoring range is narrow, typically limited to the vicinity of the intake, and cannot provide early warnings of the formation and migration of hazardous substances over a wider sea area. The monitoring data is limited and lacks the ability to predict target trajectories; it can only provide an "arrival" alarm rather than a "progress" warning, leaving extremely short time windows for emergency response.

[0006] Discrete monitoring systems employ multiple independent buoys or monitoring stations deployed in the waters surrounding the power plant. However, these stations are often loosely structured and operate independently, lacking a unified physical and information network architecture. Data is transmitted wirelessly, making it susceptible to interference and resulting in insufficient real-time performance and reliability. Effective spatiotemporal synchronization and fusion analysis of monitoring data from various stations are difficult to achieve, hindering the construction of a continuous, three-dimensional sensing field from the open sea to the nearshore, leading to fragmented early warning systems and weak systemic risk assessment capabilities.

[0007] Disconnect between early warning and response: Most existing monitoring systems focus on sensing and alarming, but the linkage between early warning information and backend physical interception and deflection equipment is weak. After an alarm occurs, manual decision-making and operation of interception equipment are still required, resulting in a long response chain and delaying the best response time. Critical defense facilities such as pollution barriers also lack intelligent status sensing, making it impossible to assess their load, damage, or blockage in real time.

[0008] In summary, existing technologies suffer from prominent problems such as localized monitoring range, lagging early warning capabilities, fragmented system structure, and isolated response and handling. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system capable of wide-area coverage, early warning, precise tracking, intelligent analysis, and rapid linkage, shifting from passive response to proactive defense and constructing a robust and responsive three-dimensional safety barrier extending from the open ocean to the water intake. This invention is proposed based on this need. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of this, the present invention provides a nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system and its implementation method, aiming to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, which consists of an intake area, a near-shore monitoring area, and a far-shore early warning area, arranged sequentially from the water intake to the outside. The wastewater interception net in the gate area is integrated with a sensor array; Multiple nearshore monitoring floats are arranged in the nearshore monitoring area. The multiple nearshore monitoring floats are arranged in an arc with the midpoint of the debris barrier as the center, and are arranged in multiple layers at equal intervals. The multiple nearshore monitoring floats arranged in an arc in each layer are connected by a first chain. The nearshore monitoring floats are equipped with nearshore monitoring components. Multiple offshore monitoring floats are arranged in the offshore early warning zone. The multiple offshore monitoring floats are arranged in an arc with the midpoint of the debris-blocking net as the center. The multiple offshore monitoring floats are connected by a second chain. The offshore monitoring floats are equipped with offshore monitoring components. The nearshore monitoring float and the offshore monitoring float corresponding to the midpoint of the debris barrier are connected by a third chain, and the third chain is connected to the midpoint of the debris barrier, so that multiple nearshore monitoring floats and offshore monitoring floats form a skeleton structure with the third chain as the spine and distributed and diffused to both sides.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, this invention divides the monitoring system into three areas centered on the water intake, and connects them with chains to form a spine-skeleton structure, achieving physical and functional integration of the monitoring network. This layout overcomes the shortcomings of traditional isolated monitoring points and discontinuous coverage, not only significantly expanding the monitoring range but also enhancing the overall stability and reliability of the system under harsh sea conditions. Simultaneously, the modular design of the floating bodies and sensors facilitates deployment, maintenance, and expansion, providing a comprehensive and three-dimensional hardware foundation for the safety of nuclear power plant cold sources.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, multiple mounting frames are arranged in an array on the debris screen. Each mounting frame includes multiple threaded connecting rods that pass through the mesh of the debris screen. A positioning nut is screwed onto each threaded connecting rod to fix the mounting frame to the debris screen. The sensors of the sensor array are mounted on the mounting frame.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, the sensor array includes a tension sensor, a water quality monitoring sensor, a flow velocity sensor, and a first underwater camera.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, both the near-shore monitoring float and the offshore monitoring float include a float body, a solar panel integration module, and a battery module. The solar panel integration module is installed on the top surface of the float body; the battery module is installed at the bottom of the float body, and the battery module is used to store the electrical energy charged by the solar panel integration module for system use.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, the bottom of the battery module is connected to multiple underwater mounting columns, and the near-shore monitoring component or the offshore monitoring component is integrated and installed on the side wall of the battery module and the underwater mounting columns.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, the battery module has a basic threaded post at the bottom, the underwater mounting post has a threaded hole at the top for connection, the underwater mounting post has a spherical hinge joint at the bottom, the spherical hinge joint has a mating threaded post for connection, the underwater mounting post has multiple mounting slots on its sidewall for mounting the near-shore monitoring component or the far-shore monitoring component, and the interior of the underwater mounting post is used for wiring.

[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, the lower part of the underwater mounting column is connected to a counterweight via an L-shaped connecting rod. The counterweight is multiple and arranged around the underwater mounting column.

[0018] Preferably, in the above-mentioned nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, the bottom end of the lowest underwater installation column is connected to an anchor via a chain.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, the near-shore monitoring component includes a surface monitoring radar, a first underwater sonar, and a second underwater camera; the far-sea monitoring component includes a long-range early warning radar, a second underwater sonar, a third underwater camera, and a water quality sensor.

[0020] This invention also provides a method for implementing a nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, comprising the following steps: S1: The target sea area is scanned in a wide area by the offshore monitoring buoy and the offshore monitoring components on it in the offshore early warning zone. When a suspicious target is found and its initial threat is assessed to be directed at the water intake, a first-level early warning is generated and the offshore monitoring components in the nearshore monitoring zone are activated. S2: The suspected target is accurately tracked and classified by the nearshore monitoring float and the nearshore monitoring components on it in the nearshore monitoring area, and its migration path is predicted based on real-time environmental data. When it is predicted that it will invade the water intake, a secondary alarm is generated and the sensor array on the debris barrier in the intake area is pre-activated. S3: The target is finally confirmed by the sensor array on the debris barrier. When the preset interception conditions are met, a three-level response is generated, and the interception action is executed automatically or manually.

[0021] Based on the aforementioned system structure, this invention proposes a clear three-level response process, realizing an intelligent early warning and response closed loop from early detection, precise tracking, to final interception. This method significantly extends the emergency response time window and improves the accuracy and timeliness of early warnings through a progressively advancing early warning mechanism. Simultaneously, through automatic internal linkage, it achieves efficient coordination between monitoring and interception equipment, greatly shortening the chain from risk identification to actual response, thereby effectively enhancing the proactive defense capabilities of nuclear power plant cold source safety.

[0022] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system and its implementation method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Highly integrated system structure with full monitoring coverage: Through the division of the system into three zones—the inlet area, the nearshore monitoring area, and the offshore early warning area—and the skeleton-like connection structure with the third chain as the spine, the scattered monitoring units are integrated into an organic whole, achieving seamless and three-dimensional monitoring coverage from the offshore to the water intake, which significantly improves the structural stability and reliability of the system.

[0023] 2. Intelligent early warning and hierarchical response significantly improves handling efficiency: Based on a three-level regional monitoring network, a progressive response method of early warning-tracking-interception has been established, realizing an automated process from early detection and accurate tracking to final confirmation and coordinated handling, which greatly extends the early warning time window and shortens the emergency response chain.

[0024] 3. Modular design is highly practical and easy to deploy and maintain: The floating body adopts a standardized and modular design, and the sensors are flexibly arranged through the mounting bracket, which makes the system have good environmental adaptability, easy expansion and maintenance, and reduces the operation and maintenance cost throughout the entire life cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The attached figure is a top view of the nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system provided by the present invention; Figure 3 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the debris-blocking net provided by the present invention; Figure 4 The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting bracket provided by the present invention; Figure 5 The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the near-shore monitoring float / far-sea monitoring float provided by the present invention; Figure 6 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating body provided by the present invention; Figure 7 The attached figure is an exploded structural diagram of the battery module and underwater mounting post provided by the present invention; Figure 8 The attached figure is a flowchart of the implementation method of the nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system provided by the present invention.

[0027] in: 1-Entrance area; 11-Waste barrier; 12-Mounting bracket; 121-Threaded connecting rod; 13-Positioning nut; 2-Nearshore monitoring area; 21-Nearshore monitoring buoy; 22-First chain; 3-Long-sea early warning zone; 31-Long-sea monitoring buoy; 32-Second chain; 4-The third chain; 51-Float body; 52-Solar panel integrated module; 53-Battery module; 54-Underwater mounting post; 541-Threaded hole; 542-Spherical hinge joint; 543-Butt threaded post; 544-Mounting groove; 55-L-shaped connecting rod; 56-Counterweight; 57-Chain; 58-Anchor. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 This invention discloses a nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, which consists of an intake area 1, a near-shore monitoring area 2, and a far-shore early warning area 3, arranged sequentially from the water intake to the outside. A sensor array is integrated on the debris-blocking net 11 in the entrance area 1; Multiple nearshore monitoring floats 21 are arranged in an arc around the midpoint of the debris barrier 11, and multiple layers are arranged at equal intervals. The multiple nearshore monitoring floats 21 arranged in an arc are connected by a first chain 22. Nearshore monitoring components are provided on the nearshore monitoring floats 21. Multiple offshore monitoring floats 31 are arranged in an arc around the midpoint of the debris barrier 11, and the multiple offshore monitoring floats 31 are connected by a second chain 32. The offshore monitoring floats 31 are equipped with offshore monitoring components. The nearshore monitoring float 21 and the offshore monitoring float 31, which correspond to the midpoint of the debris barrier 11, are connected by a third chain 4. The third chain 4 is connected to the midpoint of the debris barrier 11, so that multiple nearshore monitoring floats 21 and offshore monitoring floats 31 form a skeleton structure with the third chain 4 as the spine and distributed and diffused to both sides.

[0030] See appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 Multiple mounting brackets 12 are arranged in an array on the debris barrier 11. Each mounting bracket 12 includes multiple threaded connecting rods 121 that pass through the mesh openings of the debris barrier 11. A positioning nut 13 is screwed onto the threaded connecting rod 121 to fix the mounting bracket 12 to the debris barrier 11. The sensors of the sensor array are mounted on the mounting bracket 12.

[0031] In this embodiment, the sensor array includes a tension sensor, a water quality monitoring sensor, a flow velocity sensor, and a first underwater camera.

[0032] See appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6Both the near-shore monitoring float 21 and the offshore monitoring float 31 include a float body 51, a solar panel integration module 52, and a battery module 53. The solar panel integration module 52 is installed on the top surface of the float body 51; the battery module 53 is installed on the bottom of the float body 51 and is used to store the electrical energy charged by the solar panel integration module 52 for system use.

[0033] To further optimize the above technical solution, the bottom of the battery module 53 is connected to multiple underwater mounting columns 54, and the side walls of the battery module 53 and the underwater mounting columns 54 are used to integrate and install near-shore monitoring components or far-sea monitoring components.

[0034] See appendix Figure 7 The battery module 53 has a basic threaded post at the bottom, the underwater mounting post 54 has a threaded hole 541 for connection at the top, the underwater mounting post 54 has a spherical hinge joint 542 at the bottom, the spherical hinge joint 542 has a mating threaded post 543 for connection, the underwater mounting post 54 has multiple mounting slots 544 on the side wall for mounting near-shore monitoring components or offshore monitoring components, and the interior of the underwater mounting post 54 is used for wiring.

[0035] To further optimize the above technical solution, the lower part of the underwater mounting column 54 is connected to a counterweight 56 ​​via an L-shaped connecting rod 55. There are multiple counterweights 56, which are arranged around the underwater mounting column 54.

[0036] To further optimize the above technical solution, the bottom end of the lowest underwater mounting column 54 is connected to an anchor 58 via a chain 57.

[0037] In this embodiment, the near-shore monitoring component includes a surface monitoring radar, a first underwater sonar, and a second underwater camera; the far-shore monitoring component includes a long-range early warning radar, a second underwater sonar, a third underwater camera, and a water quality sensor.

[0038] In this embodiment, the length of the multiple underwater installation columns 54 connected to the nearshore monitoring float 21 is greater than the length of the multiple underwater installation columns 54 connected to the offshore monitoring float 31. For example, the nearshore monitoring float 21 is connected to 5 underwater installation columns 54, and the offshore monitoring float 31 is connected to 3 underwater installation columns 54.

[0039] To further optimize the above technical solution, the volume of the float body 51 of the near-shore monitoring float 21 is smaller than the volume of the float body 51 of the far-shore monitoring float 31, which is half of the volume in this embodiment.

[0040] In this embodiment, the nearshore monitoring zone 2 is located within 3-5 kilometers of the entrance zone 1, with each layer of nearshore monitoring buoys 21 arranged at 1-kilometer intervals. The offshore early warning zone 3 is located within 5-10 kilometers of the entrance zone 1.

[0041] See appendix Figure 8 The implementation method of the nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system provided in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1: The target sea area is scanned in a wide area by the far-sea monitoring buoy 31 and its far-sea monitoring components in the far-sea early warning zone 3. When a suspicious target is found and its initial threat is assessed to be directed at the water intake, a first-level early warning is generated and the near-sea monitoring components in the near-sea monitoring zone 2 are activated. S2: Through the nearshore monitoring buoy 21 and its nearshore monitoring components in the nearshore monitoring area 2, suspicious targets are accurately tracked and classified, and their migration paths are predicted based on real-time environmental data. When it is predicted that they will invade the water intake, a secondary alarm is generated, and the sensor array on the debris barrier 11 in the gate area 1 is pre-activated. S3: The target is finally confirmed by the sensor array on the debris barrier 11. When the preset interception conditions are met, a three-level response is generated and the interception action is executed automatically or manually.

[0042] It should be noted that the target detection, identification, data communication, path prediction algorithms, and drive control of the debris-blocking net involved in the above process can all be achieved through existing mature sensing, communication, and control technologies. These are not the focus of this invention and will not be elaborated upon further. The core innovation of this invention lies in the overall physical layout and structure of the system and its logical control method. Specifically, through a three-zone division and a skeletal structure with the third chain 4 as its spine, the originally discrete monitoring and interception units are integrated into a cohesive whole with wide coverage, clear response levels, and close structural connections. This fundamentally improves the systematic nature, reliability, and response speed of the monitoring and early warning system.

[0043] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that, From the water intake outwards, the following areas are formed in sequence: the intake area (1), the nearshore monitoring area (2), and the offshore early warning area (3); A sensor array is integrated on the debris-blocking net (11) of the gate area (1); Multiple nearshore monitoring floats (21) are arranged in the nearshore monitoring area (2). The multiple nearshore monitoring floats (21) are arranged in an arc with the midpoint of the debris barrier (11) as the center, and are arranged in multiple layers at equal intervals. The multiple nearshore monitoring floats (21) arranged in an arc in each layer are connected by a first chain (22). The nearshore monitoring floats (21) are equipped with nearshore monitoring components. Multiple offshore monitoring floats (31) are arranged in the offshore early warning zone (3). The multiple offshore monitoring floats (31) are arranged in an arc with the midpoint of the debris barrier (11) as the center. The multiple offshore monitoring floats (31) are connected by a second chain (32). The offshore monitoring floats (31) are equipped with offshore monitoring components. The nearshore monitoring float (21) and the offshore monitoring float (31) corresponding to the midpoint of the debris barrier (11) are connected by a third chain (4), and the third chain (4) is connected to the midpoint of the debris barrier (11), so that multiple nearshore monitoring floats (21) and offshore monitoring floats (31) form a skeleton structure with the third chain (4) as the spine and distributed and diffused to both sides.

2. The nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The debris barrier (11) has multiple mounting brackets (12) arranged in an array. Each mounting bracket (12) includes multiple threaded connecting rods (121) that pass through the mesh openings of the debris barrier (11). A positioning nut (13) is screwed onto each threaded connecting rod (121) to fix the mounting bracket (12) onto the debris barrier (11). The sensors of the sensor array are mounted on the mounting bracket (12).

3. The nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensor array includes a tension sensor, a water quality monitoring sensor, a flow velocity sensor, and a first underwater camera.

4. The nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the near-shore monitoring float (21) and the far-shore monitoring float (31) include a float body (51), a solar panel integration module (52), and a battery module (53). The solar panel integration module (52) is installed on the top surface of the float body (51). The battery module (53) is installed on the bottom of the float body (51) and is used to store the electrical energy charged by the solar panel integration module (52) for system use.

5. A nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the battery module (53) is connected to multiple underwater mounting columns (54), and the side wall of the battery module (53) and the underwater mounting columns (54) are used to integrate and install the near-shore monitoring component or the offshore monitoring component.

6. The nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery module (53) has a base threaded post at the bottom, the underwater mounting post (54) has a threaded hole (541) for connection at the top, the underwater mounting post (54) has a spherical hinge joint (542) at the bottom, the spherical hinge joint (542) has a mating threaded post (543) for connection, the underwater mounting post (54) has multiple mounting slots (544) on the side wall for mounting the near-shore monitoring component or the far-shore monitoring component, and the interior of the underwater mounting post (54) is used for wiring.

7. A nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower part of the underwater mounting column (54) is connected to a counterweight (56) via an L-shaped connecting rod (55). There are multiple counterweights (56) arranged around the underwater mounting column (54).

8. A nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom end of the lowest underwater mounting post (54) is connected to an anchor (58) via a chain (57).

9. A nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The near-shore monitoring component includes a surface monitoring radar, a first underwater sonar, and a second underwater camera; the far-sea monitoring component includes a long-range early warning radar, a second underwater sonar, a third underwater camera, and a water quality sensor.

10. A method for implementing a nuclear power plant cold source safety monitoring and early warning system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The target sea area is scanned in a wide area by the offshore monitoring float (31) and the offshore monitoring components on it in the offshore early warning zone (3). When a suspicious target is found and its initial threat is assessed to be directed at the water intake, a first-level early warning is generated and the offshore monitoring components in the nearshore monitoring zone (2) are activated. S2: The suspected target is accurately tracked and classified by the nearshore monitoring float (21) and the nearshore monitoring components on it in the nearshore monitoring area (2), and its migration path is predicted based on real-time environmental data. When it is predicted that it will invade the water intake, a secondary alarm is generated and the sensor array on the debris barrier (11) in the gate area (1) is pre-activated. S3: The target is finally confirmed by the sensor array on the debris barrier (11). When the preset interception conditions are met, a three-level response is generated and the interception action is executed automatically or manually.

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