Environment control device for aquatic organism feeding container

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment control device for an aquatic organism breeding container. The environment control device comprises a flow layer assembly, a main water pump, a water inlet pipe, a filtering assembly, a water outlet pipe and a filling mechanism. The flow layer assembly enables a flow layer which is close to the bottom of the container and continuously flows to exist in water, the filtering assembly comprises a shell, a main water pump is communicated with the flow layer, the main water pump is communicated with the interior of the shell through a water inlet pipe, the filtering assembly further comprises a plurality of filtering pieces and a heater, and all the filtering pieces are strip-shaped flat plates and fixedly arranged in the shell. The heater is used for heating water in the shell, the water outlet pipe communicates with the interior of the shell and the flow layer, and the filling mechanism is used for filling various substances into the water outlet pipe. The flow layer assembly prevents granular impurities from depositing at the bottom of the feeding container, water temperature distribution is uniform, substances are uniformly dispersed in the feeding container, and the device has a good control effect; the control system enables feeding personnel to directly know the water body state and perform regulation and control according to the water body state, so that the feeding work becomes simple and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aquatic environment control technology for aquatic organism rearing containers, specifically relating to an environmental control device for aquatic organism rearing containers. Background Technology

[0002] Ornamental aquatic organisms have high requirements for their living environment. First and foremost is water quality. To prevent disease caused by turbid water, the water in the breeding container needs to be changed frequently. Besides water quality, water temperature is also crucial for maintaining the health of aquatic organisms, as different organisms require different ideal temperatures. Furthermore, factors such as oxygen content, pH level, and ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water also affect the health of aquatic organisms. Ensuring that aquatic organisms are kept under suitable conditions is challenging and complex.

[0003] Currently available aquatic organism breeding containers and their associated maintenance devices typically only control one environmental factor. For example, heating devices can only control water temperature, and filtration devices can only control the concentration of pollutants in the water. While these devices can play a certain auxiliary role in maintaining suitable conditions within the breeding container, their effect is rather one-sided. Maintaining the breeding environment mainly relies on the daily maintenance by the breeder. If multiple devices are used on the breeding container simultaneously, the system complexity increases significantly, making it difficult to ensure the final environmental control effect and prone to failure. With the development of intelligent control technology in recent years, researchers in related fields have proposed aquatic organism management systems based on machine learning. For example, the Chinese patent, titled "An Intelligent Management System for Aquarium Pets" (application number: 202310198829.6), proposes an intelligent management system that can automatically filter water, feed, maintain water temperature, control pH, oxygen concentration, and chloride ion concentration in the water, and can also identify aquarium pet diseases through image recognition and provide corresponding treatment plans. However, for an intelligent management system to operate effectively, it requires a large amount of data for training in the early stages, and the hardware structure of the system to bear all the above functions must be very large and complex. Therefore, the feasibility of this system is somewhat insufficient. In conclusion, it is necessary to propose an environmental control device that can effectively maintain the overall environment inside aquatic organism rearing containers, has a relatively simple structure and principle, and is highly feasible. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an environmental control device for aquatic organism rearing containers. The device includes a flow layer assembly, a filtration assembly, and a filling mechanism. The flow layer assembly is used to construct a continuously flowing flow layer at the bottom of the rearing container. The filtration assembly takes water from the flow layer and filters it. After filtration, a certain amount of substance is added through the filling mechanism and returned to the rearing container to maintain the water environment inside the rearing container.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: An environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container includes a flow layer assembly, a main water pump, an inlet pipe, a filter assembly, an outlet pipe, and a filling mechanism. The flow layer assembly includes one or more micro-pumps, all of which are fixedly installed in the rearing container and operate continuously, causing the water near the bottom of the container to continuously flow and form a flow layer. The water body containing the flow layer is referred to as the flow layer. The filter assembly includes a shell with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet end of the main water pump is connected to the flow layer. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the outlet end of the main water pump, and the other end is connected to the internal space of the shell through the inlet. The filter assembly also includes multiple filter elements, all of which are strip-shaped flat plates. The filter assembly also includes a heater for heating the water in the shell. One end of the outlet pipe is connected to the internal space of the shell through the outlet, and the other end extends into the flow layer and is connected to it. The filling mechanism is used to inject one or more substances into the outlet pipe when there is flow. The injected substances include air, brine, and chemicals.

[0006] Traditional water environment control methods often only improve water quality through filtration. However, considering that water usually contains particulate impurities such as feces and feed, these impurities tend to settle at the bottom in static or quasi-static water bodies. Water pumps can only draw water from a small area near the inlet, leaving most of the particulate impurities at the bottom, significantly reducing filtration efficiency. To avoid this problem, this invention designs a flow layer component for constructing a flow layer. Particulate impurities continuously move with the water flow in the flow layer. During filtration, all micro-pumps and the main pump operate synchronously. Traditional filter components often have tubular shells, requiring thicker shells to increase filtration capacity, resulting in excessive space usage. In contrast, with strip-shaped filter elements, the shell is flat and can be attached to the wall of the rearing container. When increased filtration capacity is needed, the filter element can be lengthened. Therefore, the filter component of this invention makes better use of space and is more convenient to operate. Furthermore, maintaining a healthy aquatic environment involves more than just filtering out impurities. It also requires adding substances to control water composition. For example, when raising fish, the salinity should be maintained at 0.3-0.5% to reduce osmotic pressure and inhibit bacterial growth. Vitamins are added to keep fish healthy and active, and baking soda is added to lower acidity. To better maintain the aquatic environment in the rearing container, this invention incorporates a filling mechanism to inject the required substances into the container via reflux water. Considering the slow water flow in the filtration system, heating the water during filtration significantly raises the temperature, allowing it to reflux back into the rearing container and effectively regulate the overall water temperature. The filtered water, after refluxing back into the container, mixes with the flow layer and spreads to the bottom of the container, promoting even mixing of the injected substances and uniform temperature distribution. The filling mechanism, designed to inject substances into the outlet pipe, facilitates operation, maintenance, and replenishment by the rearing personnel.

[0007] Further optimization involves the filtration assembly comprising four filter elements, arranged from the inlet to the outlet: a large-pore sieve plate, a small-pore sieve plate, a first filter plate, and a second filter plate. Both the first and second filter plates are laminated plates, each containing at least one layer of filter media and at least one layer of framework for maintaining the shape of the laminated plate. The first filter plate is used to filter out minute particles in the water, and the second filter plate is used to filter out molecular impurities in the water.

[0008] Large-pore sieve plates are used to filter out larger particulate impurities, while small-pore sieve plates are used to filter out smaller particulate impurities. The first filter plate is used to filter out tiny particulate impurities, and the second filter plate can filter out organic molecules and ammonia nitrogen in the water. Considering that the filter media is usually a relatively soft filter cloth or filter membrane, a frame is needed to support it and maintain its shape. The four filter elements correspond to four filtration stages from coarse to fine, ensuring a certain water filtration efficiency while achieving a good filtration effect.

[0009] Further optimization involves a rectangular filter housing, which is fixedly mounted outside the feeding container. The housing includes a cover and a water tank. The cover fits over the water tank opening and is secured to the tank via multiple snap-fit ​​fasteners. Of the six sides of the housing, the upward-facing side is the upper surface of the cover. The inlet and outlet are located on two different sides, with the inlet side parallel to the outlet side. A handle is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the cover, and four snap-fit ​​components are fixedly mounted on the lower surface. Each snap-fit ​​component has a slot, and all slots extend perpendicularly to the length of the cover with their openings facing downwards. The four snap-fit ​​components are arranged in a linear array. The four filter elements are identical in size, and each filter element corresponds one-to-one with its corresponding slot. The upper end of each filter element is inserted into its corresponding slot. The entire space within the housing is divided into five compartments by the four filter elements. Water from any compartment can only enter the adjacent compartment through the filter element.

[0010] Considering that the filter elements need frequent cleaning or replacement to ensure filtration efficiency, this invention features a filtration assembly with the aforementioned structure. During use, the cover plate and water tank are secured with clips. When cleaning or replacing the filter elements is required, simply open the clips, grasp the handle, and lift the cover plate along with the filter elements. Both filter plates can be pulled out of the slots for replacement. The filtration process in this invention includes two modes: fast and slow. In fast mode, the main water pump needs to have high power. Water, under pressure from the main pump, passes through the four filter elements sequentially and flows back to the rearing container. During filtration, the housing is filled with water, and the pressure inside is significantly greater than the external pressure, suitable for rapid filtration in a short time. In slow mode, the main water pump only needs lower power, but an additional pump is required to pump water from the fifth compartment. During filtration, the water levels in the first to third compartments are approximately equal, the water level in the fourth compartment is lower than in the third compartment, and the water level in the fifth compartment is lower than in the fourth compartment. Water in the housing flows to the next compartment only under gravity. Slow mode is suitable for scenarios such as medicated baths where significant flow is unsuitable.

[0011] Further optimization involves dividing the entire housing into five compartments by four filter elements. These five compartments, numbered 1 to 5, run from the inlet to the outlet. Each of the first and second compartments has a collection port at its bottom. Below each collection port is a funnel with an upper and lower opening. The funnel communicates with the compartment above it via the upper opening and the collection port. A valve is installed on the lower opening of the funnel. The valve's output end is connected to a drain pipe, and the valve is connected to the drain pipe. Below each drain pipe is a collector, a container with a connection port facing upwards. The collector is detachably connected to the drain pipe, and the collector communicates with the drain pipe via the connection port. At least one of the third to fifth compartments has a heater fixedly installed at its bottom. All heaters use electric heating wires as heating elements.

[0012] Because filtered particles tend to accumulate at the bottom of the compartments and are difficult to clean, funnels are installed at the bottom of the first and second compartments. Particles flow through these funnels into the collector. Considering that the casing is always filled with water, a valve is installed at the bottom opening of the funnel to prevent water from flowing out when the collector is removed. When the collector is full of particles, simply close the valve, remove the collector, empty the particles, replace the collector, and then open the valve again. This process of collecting particles is quick and efficient.

[0013] Further optimization involves using round holes on both the large-hole and small-hole sieve plates. The diameter of the holes on the large-hole sieve plate ranges from 2 to 5 mm, while the diameter of the holes on the small-hole sieve plate ranges from 0.5 to 2 mm. All round holes on both the large-hole and small-hole sieve plates are of the same size and are evenly distributed. The laminated plate comprises three layers: a middle layer serves as a skeleton, and the two outer layers are filter media. The skeleton is a mesh plate. The filter media in the first filter plate is a first filter cloth made of non-woven filter cotton. The filter media in the second filter plate is a second filter cloth made of activated carbon filter cotton.

[0014] Large-pore screens are used to filter out large and medium-sized particles such as fish feces and feed, while small-pore screens are used to filter out small particles. Round holes are easier to process than other shapes and are less prone to clogging by particles. Non-woven filter cotton is an early-used filter material with mature technology and low production costs. Compared with other filter media of the same level, it has advantages such as stable quality, large dust holding capacity, strong moisture resistance, long service life, and economic durability. Non-woven filter cotton is characterized by its loose fiber structure and high porosity, which increases its impurity holding capacity. It uses a compound interception mode, effectively removing solid and soft particulate impurities. Larger particles are trapped on the fiber surface, while smaller particles are captured deep within the filter media, resulting in high filtration efficiency. Activated carbon filter cotton has a porous structure that can adsorb impurities of various molecular forms in water. It can efficiently adsorb organic matter and heavy metals in water, and complete decolorization, deodorization, and dechlorination. It is generally used in conjunction with other filter components such as screens, and its physical adsorption efficiency is not emphasized. In addition, non-woven filter cotton and activated carbon filter cotton are common materials, and filter cloths made from these two materials are readily available, which helps maintain the long-term operating efficiency of the device.

[0015] Further optimization involves making the inner wall of the funnel with acrylic material; and drawing a perpendicular line from any point on the inner wall of the funnel, with the angle between the perpendicular line and the horizontal plane not exceeding 40°.

[0016] To prevent filtered particles from sticking to the inner wall of the funnel, the inclination angle and material of the funnel's inner wall need further design. The motion of particles on the inclined plane is related to the inclination angle, the coefficient of friction between the particles and the inclined plane, and the viscosity of the particles in water. When the angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is greater than a certain angle, the particles will slide down; when it is less than a certain angle, the particles will remain on the inclined plane. This angle is called the angle of repose between the particles and the inclined plane. To ensure that the particles fall into the collector, the angle between the component of the particle's gravity parallel to the inner wall and the horizontal plane at any position on the inner wall of the funnel must be greater than the angle of repose. Table 1 shows the range and characteristics of the angle of repose for several common aquarium particles, obtained through experiments measuring the angle of repose. The inclined plane used in the experiment was made of acrylic material. Table 1. Range of Angle of Repose for Different Types of Particulate Matter Particulate matter type range of repose characteristic Common ornamental fish feces 30 ° - 40 ° High organic matter content and high water content, as measured by experiments using similar viscous particulate matter. Pelleted feed residue 40 ° - 45 ° Irregular shape, swelling upon contact with water, increased adhesion, and increased angle of repose. Fine organic debris 45 ° - 50 ° The particles are small, have a large specific surface area, exhibit significant van der Waals forces, and have extremely poor flowability. To minimize the angle of repose, the inner wall of the funnel should be made of a smooth, non-sticky material; acrylic is the preferred material in practical applications. Because particulate impurities are complex in composition and affected by buoyancy and viscosity underwater, their angle of repose is significantly larger than in the dry state. Therefore, to ensure that all particulate impurities fall into the collector, the angle between the component of gravity acting on the particulate matter at any position on the inner wall of the funnel and the horizontal plane must not be less than 50°; that is, the angle between the perpendicular line from any position on the inner wall of the funnel and the horizontal plane must not exceed 40°.

[0017] Further optimization ensures that the output water flow velocity of all micro pumps in the flow layer component is constant, and the output water flow velocity of any micro pump is not less than 50 mm / s.

[0018] To ensure that the water flow in the stratosphere can carry particulate matter, the interaction between the particle settling velocity and the water flow velocity needs to be considered. The transport efficiency of the water flow for particles of different sizes is determined using the sediment settling formula. The formula for calculating the particle settling velocity is as follows: (1) (2) in, V For the settling velocity, ρ p This refers to the density of particulate matter, ranging from 1.05 to 1.15 g / cm³, slightly higher than that of water. ρ f Let be the density of water, taken as 1 g / cm³; g The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.81 m / s². r The radius of the particulate matter (unit: meter); μLet be the dynamic viscosity of water, taken as 0.001 Pa·s; C d The flow coefficient is 0.44-0.76. f is the particulate shape factor, with a value ranging from 0.5 to 0.7, and Re is the Reynolds number.

[0019] When Re ≤ 1, the water flow is in a laminar state, and Stokes' formula, i.e., formula (1), is used to calculate the settling velocity of particles. When Re > 1, the settling of particles is affected by turbulence, and Newton's drag formula, i.e., formula (2), is used to calculate the settling velocity of particles. Particles can only flow with the water flow when the water flow velocity is not lower than the settling velocity of the particles. Therefore, the critical velocity that allows a certain particle to be carried by the water flow is the settling velocity of that particle. The critical velocities of different particles are calculated according to the above formula and the Reynolds number formula. Each particle corresponds to a unique diameter range, and the diameter ranges of any two particles do not overlap. When calculating the critical velocity of a certain particle, the maximum value of the critical velocity corresponding to that particle is taken. The calculation results are shown in Table 2. Table 2. Diameter range and critical velocity for each type of particulate matter. Types of particulate matter Diameter range Settlement velocity Critical speed fine particles 0.5-2 mm 3-12 mm / s 12 mm / s medium particle size 2-5 mm 12-30 mm / s 30 mm / s Large particles >5 mm 30-50 mm / s 50 mm / s As shown in Table 2, the water flow velocity should be no less than 50 mm / s to ensure that all particles are carried by the water flow. In practical applications, keepers can design the flow trajectory in the flow layer based on the location of objects such as rocks, aquatic plants, and decorative items at the bottom of the rearing container, and then deploy miniature water pumps accordingly. However, regardless of the flow layer design, the output water flow velocity of the miniature water pumps should be no less than 50 mm / s to ensure that all particles are carried by the water flow in most areas of the flow layer.

[0020] Further optimization involves adding multiple dispensers to the dispensing mechanism. The number of dispensers is the same as the number of different types of substances being injected. Each dispenser corresponds to one type of substance, and the dispenser is used to inject the corresponding substance into the water outlet pipe.

[0021] Further optimizations include a control system comprising a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, a water quality sensor, a data center, and a controller. The temperature and salinity sensors are used to monitor the temperature and salinity of the water in the rearing container, respectively. The water quality sensor is used to monitor the concentration of one or more pollutants in the water in the rearing container. All sensors are connected to the data center and upload the measured data to the data center in real time. The controller is used to control the energization status of the heating wires in all heaters.

[0022] The control system allows keepers to accurately know the current water environment status in the rearing container and decide whether to heat the water or add substances based on the current status. If heating is required, keepers can start the heater through the controller. If substances are required, keepers can add substances by operating the corresponding dispenser after deciding on the type and amount of substances to be added, so as to ensure that aquatic organisms are in a suitable environment.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the device of the present invention are as follows: 1. The device of the present invention has a flow layer component, which prevents particulate impurities from depositing at the bottom of the rearing container, while also helping to reduce the temperature gradient of the water in the container during heating, and promoting the diffusion of substances injected into the water in the rearing container, so that the device has a better water environment control effect. 2. This device can not only filter out impurities in the water, but also raise the water temperature and inject air, salt water and various chemicals into the water, giving the device a more complete environmental control capability; 3. The filter assembly of the device includes a removable cover plate, and the filter elements are all strip-shaped flat plates, which not only facilitates the placement of the filter assembly, but also makes it easy to clean and replace the filter elements, greatly increasing the convenience of using the filter assembly. 4. The device has a control system, which allows breeders to understand the water conditions inside the breeding container and adjust the environment based on the water conditions, making the breeding work simple and efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the environmental control device and the feeding container of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device's filter assembly.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first filter plate and the second filter plate.

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the distribution structure of fluid layer components and fluid layer flow.

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filling mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the device of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below through specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1: An environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container includes a main water pump 2, an inlet pipe 3, a filter assembly 19, and an outlet pipe 11. The filter assembly 19 includes a shell and filter elements located inside the shell. The shell includes a cover plate 4 and a water tank 7. The cover plate 4 covers the opening of the water tank 7 and the cover plate 4 and the water tank 7 are sealed together by two snap fasteners 42. The shell is rectangular. The rearing container is a fish tank 1. Two hooks 20 are fixedly installed on the shell. The two hooks 20 fasten to the upper edge of the fish tank 1, so that the shell is suspended outside the fish tank 1, and the shell is in contact with the outer wall of the fish tank 1. Among the six sides of the shell, the cover plate 4 is the side facing upward. A water inlet is opened on one side of the shell, and a water outlet is opened on the other side. The sides where the water inlet and the water outlet are located are parallel, as shown in the figure. Figure 1 , 2 As shown. The main water pump 2 is fixedly installed inside the fish tank 1, with its inlet end communicating with the internal space of the fish tank 1. One end of the inlet pipe 3 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the outlet end of the main water pump 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the inlet and communicates with the internal space of the housing. One end of the outlet pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the outlet and communicates with the internal space of the housing, and the other end extends into the fish tank 1 and communicates with the internal space of the fish tank 1. The overall state of the device of the present invention when installed on the fish tank 1 is as follows. Figure 1 As shown.

[0031] A handle 41 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the cover plate 4, and two first snap-fit ​​pieces 5 and two second snap-fit ​​pieces 6 are fixedly installed on the lower surface. The first snap-fit ​​pieces 5 have a first slot, and the second snap-fit ​​pieces 6 have a second slot. All slots extend in a direction perpendicular to the length of the cover plate 4 and the slot openings face downwards. The four snap-fit ​​pieces are arranged in a linear array. The four filter elements are strip-shaped flat plates of the same size, and all filter elements are in the same length direction. From the water inlet to the water outlet, the four filter elements are a large-hole screen plate 13, a small-hole screen plate 14, a first filter plate 15, and a second filter plate 16. The large-hole screen plate 13 and the small-hole screen plate 14 each correspond to a first slot, and the first filter plate 15 and the second filter plate 16 each correspond to a second slot. The upper end of each filter element is inserted into the corresponding slot. The lower end and sides of the large-hole screen plate 13 and the small-hole screen plate 14 abut against the inner wall of the water tank 7. The lower end and sides of the first filter plate 15 and the second filter plate 16 are equipped with water-blocking strips 18, and all water-blocking strips 18 are in contact with the inner wall of the water tank 7.

[0032] The internal space of the casing is divided into five compartments by four filter elements, labeled as compartments one through five according to the direction from the inlet to the outlet. Each of the first and second compartments has a collection port on its lower wall. Below each collection port is a funnel 8, a square funnel comprising four identical trapezoidal plates, the angle between the trapezoidal plates and the horizontal plane being 50°. The upper edge of the funnel 8 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the collection port, and a valve 9 is installed on the lower opening. The outlet of valve 9 is connected to a drain pipe, which is a vertically extending straight pipe with external threads machined on its outer surface. The drain pipe is threadedly connected to a collector 10, a cylindrical casing with a connection port on one bottom side. Internal threads are machined on the inner wall of the casing, and the external threads are compatible with the internal threads. Heaters 17 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the fourth and fifth compartments. Each heater 17 includes a cover, a first wire, and a heating wire. A perforation is drilled in the lower wall of each of the fourth and fifth compartments. The cover is fixedly installed in the area of ​​the perforation, and the inside of the cover is a waterless space. The heating wire is fixedly installed inside the cover and fits snugly against it. The first wire passes through the perforation into the cover and connects to the heating wire. The heating wire is connected to a power source through the first wire. The overall structure of the filter assembly is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0033] The holes on both the large-pore sieve plate 13 and the small-pore sieve plate 14 are round holes. The hole diameter on the large-pore sieve plate 13 is 5 mm, and the hole diameter on the small-pore sieve plate 14 is 2 mm. All the holes on the large-pore sieve plate 13 and the small-pore sieve plate 14 are arranged in a rectangular array. The first filter plate 15 and the second filter plate 16 are both laminated plates. The laminated plate includes three layers: the middle layer is a mesh plate 152, and the two outer layers are filter cloths. The filter cloth in the first filter plate 15 is the first filter cloth 151, which is made of non-woven filter cotton. The filter cloth in the second filter plate 16 is the second filter cloth 161, which is made of activated carbon filter cotton. The large-hole sieve plate 13, the small-hole sieve plate 14, and the mesh plate 152 are all made of plastic. All filter cloths have a gasket 153 attached to their upper ends. The gasket 153 is rectangular, and the length of the rectangle is equal to the width of the filter element. When the first filter plate 15 and the second filter plate 16 are inserted into the slot, all the gaskets 153 abut against the side wall of the slot. The first filter plate 15, the second filter plate 16, and the gaskets 153 are shown in Figure 3. Figure 3(a) shows the structure of the first filter plate 15, and Figure 3(b) shows the structure of the second filter plate 16.

[0034] The device of this invention also includes a filling mechanism 12, which is used to inject a certain amount of substance into the water outlet pipe 11. The injected substance is one of four types: air, saline, compound vitamin solution, and antibiotic solution. The filling mechanism 12 includes a fixing member and four injectors, each injector corresponding to one of the four substances. The injector for air is a miniature air pump, and the injectors for the other three substances are syringes. The fixing member is a block-shaped shell with an open bottom surface. Each of the two parallel side surfaces has a through hole, and the top surface has three mounting holes. The water outlet pipe 11 passes through one of the through holes into the fixing member and exits through another through hole. A fixing groove is installed on one edge of the bottom surface of the fixing member. The upper edge of the fish tank 1 is engaged in the fixing groove, thereby fixing the fixing member relative to the fish tank 1. The water outlet pipe 11 has four injection ports on the portion located within the fixing component. Each injection port corresponds to one of the four substances mentioned above, and all injection ports are equipped with check valves. The injection port corresponding to air faces downwards, while the other three injection ports face upwards. The micro air pump is electrically driven, and its output end is connected to the input end of the corresponding check valve. The input air is drawn from the outside. The micro air pump is suspended below the water outlet pipe 11. The three syringes are small syringes, each corresponding to a mounting hole. All syringes have their injection ports facing downwards, and their bodies are embedded in the corresponding mounting holes. The injection ports are connected to the input ends of the corresponding check valves. The overall structure of the filling mechanism 12 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the diagram, the four circles represent four check valves, c is a fixing component, d is a miniature air pump, e is a syringe, and f is a fixing groove. Figure 1 , 2 Only the fixing parts are shown; other parts of the filling mechanism are not shown.

[0035] The device of this invention has a flow layer assembly, which includes fourteen micro water pumps, four flow guides a and four flow guides b. Flow guides a and b are both prismatic structures. All micro water pumps and flow guides are fixedly installed at the bottom of the fish tank 1. The distribution of the micro water pumps and flow guides and the flow in the flow layer from a top-down view are shown below. Figure 4 As shown in the figure. The graphic marked 'a' represents flow guide a, and the graphic marked 'b' represents flow guide b. Flow guide a is used to prevent eddies from forming at the corners of the tank bottom, while flow guide b is used to divide the flow towards the aquarium wall into two parts that are parallel to the wall and flow in opposite directions. Each rectangular block in the figure represents a miniature water pump. All miniature water pumps output a water flow velocity of 120 mm / s. The combined action of the miniature water pumps and flow guides creates a continuous circulating flow layer in the part of the water near the bottom of the tank. The area of ​​the water body containing the circulating flow layer is called the flow layer. The overall flow trend in the flow layer is shown by the arrow in the figure. The flow in the entire flow layer is divided into three parts that circulate and cover the entire bottom of the aquarium. The inlet of the main water pump 2 draws water from the flow layer, and the outlet end of the water pipe 11 is also located in the flow layer. The start and stop of all water pumps are controlled by the same switch.

[0036] The device of this invention has a control system, which includes a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, a water quality sensor, a data center, and a controller. The temperature sensor, salinity sensor, and water quality sensor are all fixedly installed in the fish tank 1 and electrically connected to the data center through a second wire, transmitting the monitoring data to the data center in real time. The energization status of the micro air pump and the two heating wires is controlled by the controller. The controller includes a first switch, a second switch, and a microcontroller. The two heating wires are respectively connected to the first switch through the first wire, and the on / off state of the first switch is controlled by the microcontroller. The micro air pump is connected to the second switch through a third wire, and the microcontroller is electrically connected to the data center through a fourth wire. In this embodiment, the data center has an operating interface and is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the aquarium 1. The operating interface displays real-time data of four parameters: water temperature, salinity, ammonia nitrogen concentration, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The keeper can directly set the target water temperature value through the operating interface. After setting, the first switch immediately closes. The microcontroller compares the temperature sensor monitoring data with the target water temperature value. If the monitored data reaches the target value, the first switch is opened; otherwise, the first switch remains closed. The keeper can also judge the water quality status in the aquarium based on the ammonia nitrogen concentration and COD values, thereby determining the required amounts of multivitamin solution and antibiotic solution, as well as whether the water in the aquarium needs oxygenation. The required amount of saline solution is determined based on the salinity value. Then, the three substances are injected by pushing the corresponding syringes for the multivitamin solution, antibiotic solution, and saline solution. If the water in the aquarium needs oxygenation, the keeper closes the second switch, and then opens it after a period of time. When the substance in a syringe is used up, the keeper can pull out the piston in that syringe to refill the cylinder with the substance, and then put the piston back in.

[0037] During operation, all micro-pumps in the flow layer assembly continuously pump water to maintain the flow layer at the bottom of the fish tank 1, preventing particulate matter in the water from settling to the bottom and being unable to be removed by the main pump 2. Simultaneously, water in the flow layer is continuously drawn by the main pump 2 and injected into the filter assembly 19 housing. Large particles with a diameter greater than 5 mm are filtered out by the large-pore sieve plate 13 and fall into the funnel 8 under the first compartment, then into the collector 10. Medium particles with a diameter of 2-5 mm are filtered out by the small-pore sieve plate 14 and fall into the funnel 8 under the second compartment, then into the collector 10. Tiny particles in the water are filtered out by the first filter cloth 151 made of non-woven filter cotton material in the first filter plate 15 and remain in the first filter cloth 151. Ammonia nitrogen and organic matter are adsorbed by the second filter cloth 161 made of activated carbon filter cotton material in the second filter plate 16. In this embodiment, the main pump 2 has a large power, and the pressure in the filter assembly 19 housing is also higher than the external pressure. After flowing out of the filter assembly 19 housing, the water flows back into the fish tank 1 under pressure. Because the filtered water enters the flow layer, the heated water can quickly mix with the water in the tank and flow upwards, making the water temperature distribution in the tank uniform. In addition, it is also conducive to the uniform distribution of the injected substances in the tank. When a collector 10 is filled, close the valve 9 above the collector 10, unscrew the collector 10 to pour out the impurities, and then reinstall the collector 10 and reopen the valve 9. When the first filter plate 15 and the second filter plate 16 have too many impurities and need to be replaced, or when the holes on the large-hole sieve plate 13 and the small-hole sieve plate 14 are blocked and need to be cleaned, open the buckle 42 and grasp the handle 41 to lift and remove all filter elements together with the cover plate 4, replace the corresponding filter plate or clean the impurities in the holes, and then reinstall the filter elements together with the cover plate 4.

[0038] Example 2: The device in this example is an improvement on the device described in Example 1. A secondary water pump is added to the device. All micro pumps output a water flow rate of 30 mm / s. The inlet of the secondary water pump is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the outlet, and the outlet is connected to and communicates with the outlet pipe 11. In this example, the main water pump 2 has a lower power, while the secondary water pump has the same power as the main water pump 2. During the filtration process, the secondary water pump and the main water pump are turned on together. During the filtration process, the water levels in the first to third compartments are the same, the water level in the fourth compartment is lower than that in the third compartment, and the water level in the fifth compartment is lower than that in the fourth compartment. The other parts of the device are the same as those described in Example 1.

Claims

1. An environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container, characterized in that: The system includes a flow layer assembly, a main water pump (2), an inlet pipe (3), a filter assembly (19), an outlet pipe (11), and a filling mechanism (12). The flow layer assembly includes one or more micro water pumps, all of which are fixedly installed in the rearing container and operate continuously, causing the water near the bottom of the container to flow continuously and form a flow layer. The water body containing the flow layer is called the flow layer. The filter assembly (19) includes a shell with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet end of the main water pump (2) is connected to the flow layer, and one end of the inlet pipe (3) is connected to the main water pump (2). The outlet end is connected, and the other end is connected to the internal space of the shell through the inlet; the filter assembly (19) also includes multiple filter elements, all of which are strip-shaped flat plates; the filter assembly (19) also includes a heater (17), which is used to heat the water in the shell; one end of the outlet pipe (11) is connected to the internal space of the shell through the outlet, and the other end extends into the flow layer and is connected to the flow layer; the filling mechanism (12) is used to inject one or more substances into the outlet pipe (11) when there is flow in the pipe, and the injected substances include air, salt water and medicine.

2. The environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration assembly includes four filter elements, arranged from the inlet to the outlet. The four filter elements are a large-pore sieve plate (13), a small-pore sieve plate (14), a first filter plate (15), and a second filter plate (16). The first filter plate (15) and the second filter plate (16) are both laminated plates. The laminated plate contains at least one layer of filter medium and at least one layer of skeleton for maintaining the shape of the laminated plate. The first filter plate (15) is used to filter small particulate matter in the water, and the second filter plate (16) is used to filter molecular impurities in the water.

3. The environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The housing of the filter assembly (19) is rectangular and is fixedly installed outside the feeding container. It includes a cover plate (4) and a water tank (7). The cover plate (4) covers the opening of the water tank (7) and the cover plate (4) and the water tank (7) are fixedly connected by multiple buckles (42). Among the six sides of the housing, the upward side is the upper surface of the cover plate (4). The inlet and outlet are located on two different sides, and the side where the inlet is located is parallel to the side where the outlet is located. A handle (41) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the cover plate (4), and four snap-fit ​​pieces are fixedly installed on the lower surface. Each snap-fit ​​piece has a slot. All slots extend perpendicularly to the length direction of the cover plate (4) and the slot openings face downwards. The four snap-fit ​​pieces are arranged in a linear array. The four filter pieces are the same size, and the four filter pieces correspond one-to-one with the four slots. The upper end of each filter piece is inserted into the corresponding slot. The space inside the entire housing is divided into five compartments by the four filter pieces. Water in any compartment can only enter the adjacent compartment through the filter piece.

4. The environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The space inside the entire housing is divided into five compartments by four filter elements. The five compartments are referred to as the first to the fifth compartments in the direction from the inlet to the outlet. The first and second compartments each have a collection port at the bottom. Each collection port is equipped with a funnel (8) below it. The funnel (8) has an upper opening and a lower opening. The funnel (8) is connected to the compartment above it through the upper opening and the collection port. A valve (9) is installed on the lower opening of the funnel (8). The outlet of the valve (9) is connected to a drain pipe, and the valve (9) is connected to the drain pipe. Each drain pipe is equipped with a collector (10) below it. The collector (10) is a container with a connection port facing upward. The collector (10) is detachably connected to the drain pipe, and the collector (10) is connected to the drain pipe through the connection port. At least one of the third to fifth compartments is fixedly equipped with a heater (17) at the bottom. The heating element in all heaters (17) is an electric heating wire.

5. The environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The holes on the large-hole sieve plate (13) and the small-hole sieve plate (14) are all round holes. The hole diameter on the large-hole sieve plate (13) ranges from 2 to 5 mm, and the hole diameter on the small-hole sieve plate (14) ranges from 0.5 to 2 mm. All the round holes on the large-hole sieve plate (13) and the small-hole sieve plate (14) have the same size and are evenly arranged. The laminated plate includes three layers. The middle layer is the skeleton, and the two outer layers are the filter media. The skeleton is a mesh plate (152). The filter media in the first filter plate (15) is the first filter cloth (151), which is made of non-woven filter cotton. The filter media in the second filter plate (16) is the second filter cloth (161), which is made of activated carbon filter cotton.

6. The environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the funnel (8) is made of acrylic material; a perpendicular line is drawn at any point on the inner wall of the funnel (8), and the angle between the perpendicular line and the horizontal plane is no greater than 40°.

7. The environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the fluid layer assembly, all micro pumps output a constant water flow velocity, and the water flow velocity of any micro pump is not less than 50 mm / s.

8. The environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The filling mechanism (12) includes multiple fillers, the number of fillers being the same as the number of types of substances being injected, each filler corresponding to one type of substance, and the filler being used to inject the corresponding substance into the water outlet pipe (11).

9. The environmental control device for an aquatic organism rearing container as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The device has a control system, which includes a temperature sensor, a salinity sensor, a water quality sensor, a data center, and a controller. The temperature sensor and salinity sensor are used to monitor the temperature and salinity of the water in the breeding container, respectively. The water quality sensor is used to monitor the concentration of one or more pollutants in the water in the breeding container. All sensors are connected to the data center and upload the measured data to the data center in real time. The controller is used to control the power supply status of the heating wires in all heaters (17).

Images