Forming process of antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup and antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup

Abstract

The invention discloses a forming process of an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup and the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup. Blanking and blanking are conducted on the titanium-silver alloy cold-rolled strip, and a round blank is obtained; the mass percent of silver in the titanium-silver alloy is 0.1%-15%; the round blank is subjected to first-time deep drawing at the temperature ranging from 100 DEG C to 120 DEG C, and a first middle cup body is formed; drawing the first middle cup body for the second time at the temperature of 140-160 DEG C to form a second middle cup body; third-time deep drawing is conducted on the second middle cup body at the temperature of 180-200 DEG C, pressure maintaining is conducted after third-time deep drawing is completed, the pressure maintaining time is 1-5 minutes, and a cup body blank is formed; the cup body blank is subjected to annealing heat treatment, the annealing temperature ranges from 650 DEG C to 750 DEG C, and the heat preservation time ranges from 1 hour to 3 hours; and carrying out surface treatment on the cup body subjected to heat treatment to obtain a finished water cup. The formability of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy is improved, the deformation resistance of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy in the temperature interval is reduced, and the plastic rheological capacity is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of metal material forming technology, and in particular to the forming process of antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cups and the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cups themselves. Background Technology

[0002] Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in the manufacture of high-end everyday utensils (such as water cups) due to their low density, high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility. However, traditional pure titanium materials do not possess antibacterial properties, making it difficult to meet the market's growing demand for healthy and hygienic daily products.

[0003] To impart antibacterial properties to titanium consumer products, a solution is proposed based on existing technology: adding silver (Ag) to titanium to form a titanium-silver alloy. Silver ions possess broad-spectrum and highly effective antibacterial capabilities, and the titanium-silver alloy can slowly release silver ions during use, thus achieving a long-lasting antibacterial effect. However, while the introduction of silver enhances the material's antibacterial properties, it also alters its microstructure and mechanical properties. Alloying significantly increases the strength and hardness of the titanium-silver alloy, while correspondingly decreasing its plasticity and formability.

[0004] Currently, metal water cups (especially pure titanium water cups) are generally produced using a room temperature multi-pass deep drawing process. If this process is directly applied to titanium-silver alloy sheets, the material's insufficient formability at room temperature makes it prone to defects such as cracking and wrinkling during the deep drawing process, resulting in extremely low product yield and high production costs, which seriously hinders the industrial application of this high-performance antibacterial material.

[0005] Therefore, existing technologies lack a reliable forming process that can effectively solve the difficulties in plastic forming of titanium-silver alloys and is suitable for the large-scale manufacturing of water cups. Developing a dedicated forming method that can adapt to the material properties of titanium-silver alloys and ensure a high yield rate has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a forming process for an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup and an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a forming process for an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup, comprising the following steps: S1: A circular blank is obtained by punching from a cold-rolled titanium-silver alloy strip; the mass percentage of silver in the titanium-silver alloy is 0.1% to 15%. S2: The circular blank is drawn for the first time at a temperature of 100°C to 120°C to form the first intermediate cup body; S3: The first intermediate cup body is drawn a second time at a temperature of 140°C to 160°C to form the second intermediate cup body; S4: The second intermediate cup body is drawn for the third time at a temperature of 180℃ to 200℃. After the third drawing is completed, pressure is held for 1 to 5 minutes to form a cup body blank. S5: The cup blank is subjected to annealing heat treatment at a temperature of 650°C to 750°C and a holding time of 1 to 3 hours. S6: Perform surface treatment on the heat-treated cup body to obtain the finished water cup.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the thickness of the titanium-silver alloy cold-rolled strip is 0.4 mm to 1.0 mm.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, prior to step S2, the surface of the drawing die and the circular blank are cleaned, coated with lubricant, and preheated to 100°C to 120°C. Before step S3, the surface of the deep drawing die and the first intermediate cup body are cleaned, coated with lubricant, and preheated to 140°C to 160°C. Before step S4, the surface of the drawing die and the second intermediate cup are cleaned, coated with lubricant, and preheated to 180°C to 200°C.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, during the preheating step, the drawing die is heated by resistance wire and the temperature is monitored using a thermocouple. The circular blank is heated in an electric heating furnace.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, in step S2, the unit blank holder force for the first drawing is 2.5 to 3.0 MPa, the pressing force is 20 to 25 kN, the pressing speed is 60 to 70 mm / min, and the pressing stroke is 20% to 30% of the final cup height.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, in step S3, the unit blank holder force for the second drawing is 2.0 to 2.5 MPa, the pressing force is 15 to 20 kN, the pressing speed is 50 to 60 mm / min, and the pressing stroke is 30% to 40% of the final cup height.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, in step S4, the unit blank holder force for the third drawing is 1.5 to 2.0 MPa, the pressing force is 10 to 15 kN, the pressing speed is 40 to 50 mm / min, and the pressing stroke is 35% to 45% of the final cup height.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the blank holder gap during the first, second, and third drawing processes remains constant, being 1.05 to 1.15 times the initial thickness of the circular blank.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, in step S5, the annealing heat treatment is performed in a vacuum environment with a vacuum level ranging from 5 × 10⁻⁶. -3 ~5×10 -2 Pa.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup, which is manufactured by the forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0017] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects: This application provides a forming process for an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup. It employs a "three-stage progressive heating and deep drawing" process, strictly controlling each pass within specific temperature ranges of 100-120℃, 140-160℃, and 180-200℃. By coordinating and matching decreasing blank holder force and pressing speed, the following comprehensive technical effects are achieved: First, it significantly improves the material's thermoforming properties. Within this temperature range, the material's deformation resistance is reduced, and its plastic rheological ability is enhanced, thus avoiding the cracking and wrinkling defects that inevitably occur during direct room temperature forming. Second, while achieving efficient forming, it perfectly preserves the core functions. This gentle, progressive hot working path ensures that the antibacterial efficacy of the silver element is not compromised, giving the final product both the lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and long-lasting broad-spectrum antibacterial properties of titanium. Third, it achieves high yield and industrial feasibility. This process is stable and reliable, raising the manufacturing yield of titanium-silver alloy water cups to a level suitable for commercial application, successfully paving the way for the technological path from high-performance materials to high-end consumer product manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deep drawing die provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a photograph of the defective object in Comparative Example 1; Figure 4 Here is a picture of the defective object in Comparative Example 2; Figure 5 The image shown is of the defective object in Comparative Example 3.

[0020] Icons: 1-Round blank; 2-Clamping device; 3-Die; 4-Punch; 5-Resistance wire heating device. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] This application provides a forming process for an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup, such as... Figure 1 As shown. The forming process includes the following steps: S1: Blanking is performed from cold-rolled titanium-silver alloy strip to obtain round billet 1; the mass percentage of silver in the titanium-silver alloy is 0.1% to 15%; S2: The circular billet 1 is drawn for the first time at a temperature of 100℃ to 120℃ to form the first intermediate cup body; S3: The first intermediate cup body is drawn a second time at a temperature of 140°C to 160°C to form the second intermediate cup body; S4: The second intermediate cup body is drawn for the third time at a temperature of 180℃ to 200℃. After the third drawing is completed, pressure is held for 1 to 5 minutes to form a cup body blank. S5: Annealing heat treatment is performed on the cup body blank. The annealing temperature is 650℃ to 750℃ and the holding time is 1 to 3 hours. S6: Perform surface treatment on the heat-treated cup body to obtain the finished water cup.

[0024] It should be noted that this application adopts a "three-stage progressive heating deep drawing" process, and strictly controls each pass within specific temperature ranges of 100-120℃, 140-160℃, and 180-200℃. By synergistically matching decreasing blank holder force and pressing speed, the following comprehensive technical effects are achieved: First, it significantly improves the formability of the material. Within this temperature range, the material's deformation resistance decreases and its plastic rheological ability increases, thus avoiding cracking and wrinkling defects that easily occur during direct room temperature forming. Second, while achieving efficient forming, it perfectly preserves the core functions. This gentle, progressive hot working path ensures that the antibacterial efficacy of silver is not compromised, giving the final product both the lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and long-lasting broad-spectrum antibacterial properties of titanium. Third, it achieves high yield and industrial feasibility. This process is stable and reliable, raising the manufacturing yield of titanium-silver alloy water cups to a level suitable for commercial application, successfully paving the way for a technological path from high-performance materials to high-end consumer product manufacturing.

[0025] In this embodiment, the thickness of the titanium-silver alloy cold-rolled strip is 0.4 mm to 1.0 mm.

[0026] It should be noted that if the thickness of the cold-rolled titanium-silver alloy strip is less than 0.4 mm, the strip lacks rigidity and is prone to wrinkling due to local instability during deep drawing. Furthermore, the resulting cup wall is too thin, failing to meet the strength and durability requirements for daily use. If the thickness of the cold-rolled titanium-silver alloy strip is greater than 1.0 mm, the material's deformation resistance increases significantly. Even under the aforementioned gradual heating conditions, a large drawing force is required, which not only exacerbates mold wear and increases energy consumption but also makes it more prone to cracking in areas of severe deformation due to insufficient plastic flow. The 0.4 mm to 1.0 mm thickness range determined in this application precisely balances "material formability," "product functionality," and "process economy." It ensures stable, defect-free deformation under the specific hot deep drawing process while guaranteeing that the final cup product has suitable wall thickness and satisfactory strength, making it one of the key prerequisites for the successful industrialization of this high-performance material.

[0027] In this embodiment of the application, before step S2, the surface of the deep drawing die and the circular blank 1 are cleaned, coated with lubricant, and preheated to 100°C to 120°C; before step S3, the surface of the deep drawing die and the first intermediate cup are cleaned, coated with lubricant, and preheated to 140°C to 160°C; before step S4, the surface of the deep drawing die and the second intermediate cup are cleaned, coated with lubricant, and preheated to 180°C to 200°C.

[0028] In this embodiment of the application, during the preheating step, the deep drawing die is heated by resistance wire and temperature is monitored by thermocouple; the round billet 1 is heated by an electric heating furnace.

[0029] To ensure the precise execution and high yield of the progressive heating deep drawing process, this application embodiment constructs a complete mold heating, temperature control, and interface pretreatment scheme. The heating and temperature control scheme is as follows: the punch 4, die 3, and clamping device 2 of the deep drawing die are all equipped with built-in resistance wire heating devices 5, and each is equipped with a thermocouple for independent and precise temperature monitoring and feedback control; simultaneously, the circular billet 1 is heated using an independent electric heating furnace.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the deep drawing die mainly includes a clamping device 2, a die 3, and a punch 4. The circular blank 1 to be formed is placed on the bearing surface above the cavity of the die 3, and the punch 4 is installed in the central through hole of the clamping device 2. During deep drawing, the clamping device 2 presses down to press the edge of the circular blank 1 against the surface of the die 3, and then the punch 4 moves downward under the action of the driving device to complete the deep drawing. To achieve precise temperature control, resistance wire heaters are integrated inside the clamping device 2, the die 3, and the punch 4 to ensure that the surface temperature is strictly consistent with the process requirements.

[0031] Based on the aforementioned controllable thermal environment, a three-step interface pretreatment process—cleaning, lubrication, and simultaneous preheating—is strictly implemented before each deep drawing pass. This is a crucial foundation for ensuring process success. Cleaning aims to thoroughly remove contaminants, preventing them from being pressed into the product under high temperature and pressure, thus avoiding defects. The preferred process involves sequentially cleaning the deep drawing die surface and the billet surface with acetone, ethanol, and deionized water. Lubrication involves uniformly coating the aforementioned surfaces with a specialized lubricant, forming a stable anti-friction film under a temperature of 100-200°C. This significantly reduces the coefficient of friction and drawing force, prevents material scratches, and improves wall thickness uniformity. The core of preheating lies in using the aforementioned resistance wire heating system (with thermocouple monitoring) to precisely heat the die, while simultaneously heating the circular billet 1 independently in an electric heating furnace. This ensures that both reach and stabilize at the same temperature (e.g., 100-120°C) as the current pass before the start of deep drawing. This eliminates thermal stress caused by temperature differences, ensuring that the material flows according to a predetermined pattern in a uniform temperature field. These three pretreatment steps together create a repeatable and controlled process interface, providing a fundamental guarantee for the precise execution of parameters such as temperature, pressure, and speed in subsequent deep drawing, and directly contributing to the excellent surface quality, dimensional accuracy, and high yield of the cup body.

[0032] In this embodiment of the application, in step S2, the unit blank holder force for the first deep drawing is 2.5 to 3.0 MPa, the pressing force is 20 to 25 kN, the pressing speed is 60 to 70 mm / min, and the pressing stroke is 20% to 30% of the final cup height.

[0033] In this embodiment of the application, in step S3, the unit blank holder force for the second drawing is 2.0 to 2.5 MPa, the pressing force is 15 to 20 kN, the pressing speed is 50 to 60 mm / min, and the pressing stroke is 30% to 40% of the final cup height.

[0034] In this embodiment of the application, in step S4, the unit blank holder force for the third drawing is 1.5 to 2.0 MPa, the pressing force is 10 to 15 kN, the pressing speed is 40 to 50 mm / min, and the pressing stroke is 35% to 45% of the final cup height.

[0035] It should be noted that from the first to the third deep drawing pass, the unit blank holder force (2.5-3.0MPa→1.5-2.0MPa) and the pressing force (20-25kN→10-15kN) gradually decrease. This conforms to the trend that the material's deformation resistance decreases as the temperature increases (100-120℃→180-200℃), avoiding excessive thinning or tearing due to excessive pressure. At the same time, the synchronous decrease in pressing speed (60-70mm / min→40-50mm / min) gives the material more sufficient plastic flow and stress relaxation time at higher temperatures, reducing the risk of dynamic deformation defects. The gradual increase in pressing stroke (20-30%→35-45%) reasonably distributes the total deformation, so that the degree of deformation in each pass precisely corresponds to the plasticity of the material at that temperature. This parameter combination of "decreasing force and speed while increasing stroke" complements the core process of "increasing temperature," ensuring that the deformation process is always within the safe window of the material's plasticity. It effectively coordinates the contradiction between material flow and resistance to wrinkling and cracking, and is the key to achieving high-precision, high-uniformity, and defect-free forming. It directly contributes to the excellent geometric consistency and high yield of the final cup body.

[0036] In this embodiment, the blank holder gap remains constant during the first, second, and third drawing processes, being 1.05 to 1.15 times the initial thickness of the circular billet 1. This gap, slightly larger than the thickness of the circular billet 1 (e.g., 1.1 times), can apply a continuous and uniform radial constraint force to the material throughout the deformation process, effectively suppressing the tendency of the flange edge area to wrinkle due to tangential compressive stress during drawing, especially in the second and third passes when the material fluidity is enhanced at higher temperatures.

[0037] In this embodiment of the application, in step S5, the annealing heat treatment is performed in a vacuum environment with a vacuum degree range of 5×10⁻⁶. -3 ~5×10 -2 Pa.

[0038] Titanium and titanium-silver alloys are extremely sensitive to oxygen and nitrogen at high temperatures of 650℃ to 750℃. If annealed in air, a dense and brittle oxide scale (mainly TiO2) will quickly form on the surface of the blank. This oxide scale not only severely affects the efficiency and surface finish of subsequent polishing processes, but more importantly, it hinders the normal migration and release of silver ions to the surface, thus significantly weakening or even destroying the core antibacterial function of the water cup. Heat treatment in a vacuum environment completely avoids the problem of high-temperature oxidation.

[0039] A specific progressive temperature window suitable for deep drawing titanium-silver alloy water cups was discovered, and a set of process parameters to work in conjunction with it was designed. Through extensive material experiments and process verification, the inventors found that the thermoplastic behavior of titanium-silver alloys does not increase monotonically and linearly with temperature; its plasticity changes exhibit staged characteristics influenced by temperature. While the addition of silver increases the material strength, it also affects the plastic flow characteristics during the deep drawing process. Based on this, the inventors clarified the temperature range and process logic suitable for multiple deep drawing processes, as follows: The initial deep drawing temperature range is 100-120℃. This range can effectively improve the initial plasticity of titanium-silver alloy, activate the material's plastic flow capacity, and smoothly start the first deep drawing process. It can also prevent the material from cracking in the initial deformation stage and effectively control the excessive accumulation of work hardening, laying the foundation for subsequent multiple deep drawing passes.

[0040] 140-160℃ is the suitable temperature range for secondary deep drawing. This range can effectively alleviate the work hardening effect caused by the first deep drawing, so that the material retains sufficient plasticity reserve after the initial deformation and can stably withstand the deformation of the second deep drawing (the reduction stroke is controlled at 30-40%), ensuring the continuity of multiple deep drawing passes.

[0041] The optimal temperature range for the final deep drawing is 180-200℃. At this temperature, the plastic flow capacity of the titanium-silver alloy reaches the best state for deep drawing, which can achieve a large deformation (35-45% reduction stroke). At the same time, it can avoid the material's forming accuracy and stability from deteriorating due to excessive temperature, thus meeting the dimensional accuracy requirements of water cup products.

[0042] Therefore, the three-step progressive temperature path of "100-120℃→140-160℃→180-200℃" defined in this invention is not a simple temperature superposition or arbitrary combination, but a specific activation window precisely adapted to the plasticity changes of titanium-silver alloy during multiple deep drawing processes. By gradually increasing the temperature and awakening the plastic potential of the material at different stages, the technical problems of easy cracking and insufficient plasticity of titanium-silver alloy water cups during multiple deep drawing processes are systematically solved without damaging the core function of the material (the antibacterial properties of silver) or affecting the forming accuracy of the water cup. The accompanying progressively decreasing blank holder force / pressing force and speed, as well as the constant blank holder gap, further achieve a precise match between deformation force and the material's plastic flow capacity, ensuring the stability of the deep drawing process and the product qualification rate.

[0043] This application provides an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup, which is manufactured using the above-described forming process for antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cups.

[0044] Example 1 A forming process for an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup includes the following steps: S1: Blank preparation: Select a titanium-silver alloy coil with a thickness of 0.4mm and a nominal composition of Ti-5Ag (silver content 5wt%), and obtain a circular blank 1 with a diameter of 200mm by punching.

[0045] S2: First deep drawing: Pretreatment: Clean the surfaces of the punch 4, die 3 and round blank 1 of the deep drawing die in sequence with acetone, ethanol and deionized water, and uniformly apply high-temperature deep drawing lubricant.

[0046] Preheating: Preheat the punch 4, die 3 and round blank 1 to 120°C.

[0047] Deep drawing: The circular blank is placed in the center of the die 3 and pressed tightly. The unit blank holder force is set to 2.5MPa, the blank holder gap is 0.44mm (1.1 times the blank thickness), the pressing speed is 60mm / min, the pressing force is 20kN, and the pressing stroke is 25% of the designed height of the finished cup body. After forming, the punch 4 moves upward back to the initial position, the blank holder force is unloaded, and the first intermediate cup body is obtained after forming.

[0048] S3: Second drawing: Pretreatment: Clean and lubricate the surface of the deep drawing mold and the first intermediate cup body.

[0049] Preheating: Preheat the deep drawing die and the first intermediate cup body to 160°C.

[0050] Deep drawing: Set the unit blank holder force to 2.0 MPa, maintain the blank holder gap at 0.44 mm, the pressing speed to 50 mm / min, the pressing force to 16 kN, and the pressing stroke to 35% of the design height. After forming, the punch 4 moves upward back to the initial position, unloading the blank holder force to obtain the second intermediate cup body.

[0051] S4: Third drawing: Pretreatment: Clean and lubricate the surface of the deep drawing mold and the second intermediate cup body.

[0052] Preheating: Preheat the deep drawing die and the second intermediate cup body to 200°C.

[0053] Deep drawing: Set the unit blank holder force to 1.5MPa, maintain the blank holder gap at 0.44mm, the pressing speed at 40mm / min, the pressing force at 10kN, and the pressing stroke at 40% of the design height. Hold the pressure for 2 minutes after reaching the desired position. After forming, the punch 4 moves upward back to the initial position, unloading the blank holder force to obtain the cup blank.

[0054] S5: Heat treatment: Trim and trim the edges of the cup blank, and then perform annealing heat treatment in a vacuum heat treatment furnace at 720℃ for 1.5 hours.

[0055] S6: Post-processing: The heat-treated cup body is magnetically polished and cleaned to obtain the finished water cup.

[0056] Example 2 A forming process for an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup is described, with the same steps as in Example 1, except that the process parameters are adjusted according to the blank size. S1: The billet thickness is 0.7mm, the diameter is 190mm, and the composition is Ti-5Ag.

[0057] S2: Preheating temperature 115℃, unit blank holder force 2.6MPa, blank holder gap 0.77mm, pressing speed 65mm / min, pressing force 23kN, pressing stroke 25%.

[0058] S3: Preheating temperature 150℃, unit blank holder force 2.2MPa, pressing speed 55mm / min, pressing force 18kN, pressing stroke 30%.

[0059] S4: Preheating temperature 195℃, unit blank holder force 1.7MPa, pressing speed 45mm / min, pressing force 13kN, pressing stroke 45%, holding pressure for 2 minutes.

[0060] S5: Anneal at 700℃ in a vacuum furnace and hold for 2 hours.

[0061] Example 3 A forming process for an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup is described, with the same steps as in Example 1, except that the process parameters are adjusted according to the blank size. S1: The billet thickness is 1.0 mm, the diameter is 190 mm, and the composition is Ti-5Ag.

[0062] S2: Preheating temperature 105℃, unit blank holder force 2.8MPa, blank holder gap 1.10mm, pressing speed 68mm / min, pressing force 25kN, pressing stroke 30%.

[0063] S3: Preheating temperature 140℃, unit blank holder force 2.4MPa, pressing speed 58mm / min, pressing force 20kN, pressing stroke 30%.

[0064] S4: Preheating temperature 180℃, unit blank holder force 2.0MPa, pressing speed 48mm / min, pressing force 15kN, pressing stroke 40%, holding pressure for 2 minutes.

[0065] S5: Anneal at 700℃ in a vacuum furnace and hold for 2 hours.

[0066] Comparative Example 1 (Traditional room temperature process) The same Ti-5Ag blank (0.7mm thick, 190mm in diameter) as in Example 2 was used. A three-pass room temperature (approximately 25°C) deep drawing process, similar to that used for pure titanium water cups, was employed. Parameters such as unit blank holder force, pressing force, and speed were set based on industry experience (for example, the blank holder force in each pass was higher than the hot drawing parameters of this invention). Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the cup cracked severely during the first deep drawing pass, making it impossible to form a complete cup body, resulting in a yield of 0%.

[0067] Comparative Example 2 (Constant Temperature Hot Drawing Process) It uses the same Ti-5Ag blank (0.4mm thick, 200mm diameter) as Example 1, but the drawing temperature is changed to a constant 180℃ for all three drawing operations. Other parameters (blank force, speed, stroke, etc.) are kept consistent with Example 1. After forming, although the cup body does not experience macroscopic cracking as seen in room temperature processes, it shows obvious tearing and wrinkling. Figure 4 As shown, and after quantitative measurement, its yield was only 78%, and the uniformity of the cup wall thickness (standard deviation 0.052 mm) was far inferior to that of Example 1 of this application (0.018 mm).

[0068] Comparative Example 3 (Non-preferred temperature path) It uses the same Ti-5Ag billet as Example 1 (0.4 mm thick, 200 mm in diameter), but the three drawing temperatures are set in descending order, with the temperatures for each pass being 200, 160, and 120, respectively. o C, other parameters (blank force, speed, stroke, etc.) remain consistent with those in Example 1. Figure 5 As shown, during the second deep drawing pass, cracks appeared in the cup body along the drawing direction, making it impossible to form a complete cup body.

[0069] The above comparison results strongly demonstrate that simple "heating and deep drawing" cannot solve the deep drawing problem of titanium silver alloys. The specific gradual temperature path of "100-120℃→140-160℃→180-200℃" in this application is not a conventional choice that would be easily thought of by those skilled in the art. Instead, it achieves an unexpected comprehensive technical effect of high yield, high dimensional accuracy, and intact functionality by precisely matching the plastic activation mechanism of the material at different deformation stages. This is achieved by gradually improving plasticity while effectively coordinating the relationship between deformation resistance, material flow, and defect suppression. This is something that cannot be achieved by constant temperature or other disordered temperature paths.

[0070] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A forming process for an antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: A circular blank is obtained by punching from a cold-rolled titanium-silver alloy strip; the mass percentage of silver in the titanium-silver alloy is 0.1% to 15%. S2: The circular blank is drawn for the first time at a temperature of 100°C to 120°C to form the first intermediate cup body; S3: The first intermediate cup body is drawn a second time at a temperature of 140°C to 160°C to form the second intermediate cup body; S4: The second intermediate cup body is drawn for the third time at a temperature of 180°C to 200°C. After the third drawing is completed, pressure is held for 1 to 5 minutes to form a cup body blank. S5: The cup blank is subjected to annealing heat treatment at a temperature of 650°C to 750°C and a holding time of 1 to 3 hours. S6: Perform surface treatment on the heat-treated cup body to obtain the finished water cup.

2. The forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the titanium-silver alloy cold-rolled strip is 0.4 mm to 1.0 mm.

3. The forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before step S2, the surface of the deep drawing die and the circular blank are cleaned, coated with lubricant, and preheated to 100°C to 120°C. Before step S3, the surface of the deep drawing die and the first intermediate cup body are cleaned, coated with lubricant, and preheated to 140°C to 160°C. Before step S4, the surface of the deep drawing die and the second intermediate cup body are cleaned, coated with lubricant, and preheated to 180°C to 200°C.

4. The forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the preheating process, the drawing die is heated by resistance wire and temperature is monitored using thermocouples. The circular blank is heated in an electric heating furnace.

5. The forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the unit blank holder force for the first drawing is 2.5 to 3.0 MPa, the pressing force is 20 to 25 kN, the pressing speed is 60 to 70 mm / min, and the pressing stroke is 20% to 30% of the final cup height.

6. The forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S3, the unit blank holder force for the second drawing is 2.0 to 2.5 MPa, the pressing force is 15 to 20 kN, the pressing speed is 50 to 60 mm / min, and the pressing stroke is 30% to 40% of the final cup height.

7. The forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the unit blank holder force for the third drawing is 1.5 to 2.0 MPa, the pressing force is 10 to 15 kN, the pressing speed is 40 to 50 mm / min, and the pressing stroke is 35% to 45% of the final cup height.

8. The forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup according to claim 7, characterized in that, The blank holder gap remains constant during the first, second, and third deep drawing processes, and is 1.05 to 1.15 times the initial thickness of the circular blank.

9. The forming process of the antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the annealing heat treatment is performed under vacuum, with a vacuum level ranging from 5 × 10⁻⁶. -3 ~5×10 -2 Pa.

10. An antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup, characterized in that, The antibacterial titanium-silver alloy water cup is manufactured using the forming process described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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