High-efficiency combined numerical control machining center and machining method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of combined machine tools, and particularly discloses a high-efficiency combined numerical control machining center and a machining method.The high-efficiency combined numerical control machining center comprises a machining mechanism, the machining mechanism comprises a first machining assembly, a fixing assembly is arranged on the inner side of the first machining assembly, and second machining assemblies are arranged at the free ends of a milling machine and a drilling machine correspondingly; the first machining assembly, the second machining assembly and the fixing assembly are matched to replace the drill rod, and through cooperation of the first machining assembly, the second machining assembly and the fixing assembly, the drill rod can be replaced conveniently, and meanwhile the fixing assembly and the second machining assembly are connected in a similar meshing mode; and compared with a traditional mode of clamping and fixing through a clamp, the situation that the rotation stability of the drill rod is influenced due to the fact that the drill rod is subjected to large resistance in the drilling process is avoided, and therefore the machining stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of modular machine tool technology, specifically to a high-efficiency modular CNC machining center and machining method. Background Technology

[0002] The core advantage of modular machine tools lies in process integration and the ability to complete multi-faceted machining in a single setup. It integrates vertical and horizontal machining functions, and even integrates milling and turning capabilities, enabling multiple processes such as milling, drilling, boring, tapping, and turning to be completed in a single setup, reducing workpiece repetitive positioning errors and significantly improving machining accuracy and production efficiency.

[0003] Based on existing technologies, current combination machine tools have the following problems: The combined use of roughing and finishing milling cutters significantly improves machining efficiency, workpiece accuracy, and tool life, making it a widely adopted process strategy in modern machining. Roughing cutters focus on rapidly removing large amounts of material, employing large pitch, deep cut, and high feed parameters to fully utilize the machine tool's dynamic performance. Finishing cutters, on the other hand, are responsible for final dimensional accuracy and surface finish, achieving a high-quality surface with Ra 1.6–3.2 μm through small depth of cut, close-tooth design, and grinding of the cutting edge. During milling, different milling cutters need to be changed to meet actual machining requirements. Furthermore, during drilling, different sized drill rods need to be changed according to the hole size. While existing combination machine tools have quick-change mechanisms for milling cutters and drill rods, they typically use clamps to hold and fix the drill rods and milling cutters. Since the milling cutters and drill rods rotate during operation, fixing them using clamps affects the stability of subsequent machining, presenting certain shortcomings. To address these issues, a high-efficiency combination CNC machining center and machining method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency combined CNC machining center, comprising a machine tool, a milling machine and a drilling machine mounted on top of the machine tool, and a machining mechanism, the machining mechanism comprising: The connector has a mounting plate rotatably mounted on its bottom. A first processing assembly arranged in a circular array is mounted on the top of the mounting plate. A fixing assembly is located inside the first processing assembly. A second processing assembly is mounted on the free end of both the milling machine and the drilling machine. The first processing assembly, the second processing assembly, and the fixing assembly cooperate to replace the drill rod. The fixing assembly includes: The first fixed base has a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove arranged in a ring array on its side wall. The first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are connected. The first limiting groove is located at the bottom of the second limiting groove, and both sides of the inner wall of the first limiting groove are designed to be inclined. The second fixing seat is fixed on top of the first fixing seat and is designed in the shape of a frustum. The side wall of the second fixing seat is provided with a third limiting groove arranged in a ring array.

[0005] Furthermore, the fixing component also includes: The third fixing seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first fixing seat, and the side wall diameter of the third fixing seat is smaller than the side wall diameter of the first fixing seat. A retaining ring is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed seat. The top of the outer wall of the retaining ring is arc-shaped. The bottom of the first fixed seat and the position between the first limiting grooves are arc-shaped. The top of the second fixed seat and the position between the third limiting grooves are arc-shaped. A first guide block is embedded in the center of the top of the second fixed seat.

[0006] Furthermore, the inner wall diameter of the third limiting groove gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the third limiting groove extends to the top of the second fixing seat; The inner wall diameter of the first limiting groove decreases from bottom to top, and the bottom of the first limiting groove extends to the bottom of the first fixing seat and is located outside the third fixing seat.

[0007] Furthermore, the first processing component includes: The mounting ring is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the mounting plate and extends to the bottom of the mounting plate. The inner wall of the mounting ring is provided with a first sliding groove, the inner wall of the first sliding groove is provided with a guide groove, the inner wall of the first sliding groove is sleeved with a first slider, and the top and bottom of the first slider are both sleeved with a ring array of balls. The first sliding groove, the guide groove and the first slider are all designed in a ring shape. The top of the mounting ring is provided with a first connecting component. A rotating ring is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the first slider. The inner wall of the rotating ring is fixedly provided with a first limiting plate arranged in a ring array. The top of the first limiting plate is arc-shaped.

[0008] Furthermore, the first processing component also includes: A fixed block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the guide groove. A movable block is sleeved on the inner wall of the guide groove. There are two fixed blocks and two movable blocks, and they are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center point of the guide groove. The movable blocks are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first slider. A first spring is sleeved on the inner wall of the guide groove between the movable block and the fixed block. The two ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the movable block and the fixed block, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the second processing component includes: The connector has a first groove at its bottom and a second groove on the top inner wall of the first groove. The inner wall diameter of the second groove is smaller than that of the first groove. The inner wall of the first groove fits against the outer wall of the retaining ring. The inner side wall of the first groove is provided with a limiting component arranged in a ring array. The top of the inner wall of the second groove is provided with a second connecting component. The second limiting plate is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the second groove and arranged in a ring array. The side wall of the second limiting plate is adapted to the inner wall of the third limiting groove. The sides of the second limiting plates that are close to each other are arc-shaped and inclined.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting component includes: The third groove is formed on the inner wall of the first groove. The inner wall of the third groove has a fourth groove, and the inner wall of the fourth groove has a fifth groove. The inner diameter of the fifth groove is larger than that of the fourth groove. A first electromagnet is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fifth groove near the fourth groove. A second electromagnet is sleeved on the inner wall of the fifth groove. Both the second and first electromagnets are annular. A first spline shaft is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the second electromagnet. A stop plate is fixedly installed at one end of the first spline shaft located in the third groove. The top of the stop plate has a flat surface, and the bottom of the stop plate has an arc-shaped design. The inner wall of the fourth groove has a first spline groove that matches the first spline shaft. A second spring is sleeved on the side wall of the first spline shaft, on the side of the second electromagnet away from the first electromagnet.

[0011] Furthermore, the second connection component includes: The sixth groove is formed on the top inner wall of the second groove. The top inner wall of the sixth groove is formed with the seventh groove. The top inner wall of the seventh groove is formed with the eighth groove. The inner wall diameter of the eighth groove is larger than that of the seventh groove. The inner wall of the eighth groove is fitted with a piston block. The inside of the eighth groove and the top of the piston block is filled with gas. The side wall of the piston block and the inner side wall of the eighth groove are designed to be dynamically sealed. The second spline shaft is fixedly located at the bottom of the piston block. The second guide block is fixedly located at one end of the second spline shaft in the sixth groove. The inner side wall of the seventh groove is provided with a second spline groove that is compatible with the second spline shaft. The first connection component includes: The first ring body is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting ring, and the inner diameter of the first ring body is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting ring. The top of the first ring body is fixedly provided with a third guide block and a third electromagnet arranged in a ring array. The second ring body is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed base. The bottom of the second ring body is fixedly provided with a fourth guide block and a magnetic metal block arranged in a ring array. The positions of the fourth guide block and the third guide block are designed to correspond, and the positions of the magnetic metal block and the third electromagnet are designed to correspond. The fourth guide block is connected to the first guide block through a wire, the second guide block is connected to the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet through a wire, and the third guide block is connected to the third electromagnet through a wire.

[0012] Furthermore, the sidewall of the connector is provided with a rotating assembly for driving the mounting plate to rotate, the rotating assembly including: A servo motor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the connector. The output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft via a coupling. A gear is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the connector. The gear ring is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate and meshes with the gear.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for using a high-efficiency combined CNC machining center, which includes the following steps: S1: During the combined machining of a workpiece by a milling machine and a drilling machine, the movement of the milling cutter and drill rod is controlled by the milling machine and the drilling machine to perform milling and drilling. S2: During milling and drilling, the milling cutter and drill rod are replaced by the first machining assembly, the second machining assembly, and the fixing assembly to assist in the machining process.

[0014] This invention provides a high-efficiency combined CNC machining center and machining method. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages: 1. The present invention facilitates the replacement of drill rods by using a first processing component, a second processing component, and a fixing component. At the same time, the fixing component and the second processing component are connected in a meshing manner, thereby ensuring the stability of drill rod rotation during the operation of the milling machine driving the drill rod and the fixing component. Compared with the traditional method of fixing by clamping, this method avoids the drill rod being affected by greater resistance during drilling, thus improving the stability of the drilling process.

[0015] 2. The present invention uses a first connecting component, a second connecting component, and a fixing component to fix the drill rod and the fixing component in a purely mechanical manner, which facilitates the replacement of the drill rod while ensuring the stability of the drill rod installation, thereby improving the stability of subsequent processing; Through the cooperation of the first and second connecting components, power is supplied when the drill rod is removed and power is de-energized after the drill rod is installed, so that the fixing component and the drill rod rotate synchronously, while avoiding the high-speed rotation of the drill rod from affecting the stability of the circuit.

[0016] 3. The present invention uses a machining mechanism that moves between a milling machine and a drilling machine, which facilitates the replacement of drill rods and milling cutters between the drilling machine and the milling machine, so as to facilitate the use of combined machine tools. This makes it easy to change the corresponding drill rods and milling cutters according to the actual machining conditions, thereby improving machining efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the processing mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first processing component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the rotating ring of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram of B in the diagram; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed component structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the first connecting component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second processing component of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the connector of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 A magnified structural diagram of C.

[0018] The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows: 1. Machine tool; 2. Milling machine; 3. Drilling machine; 4. Machining mechanism; 41. Connector; 42. Rotating assembly; 43. Mounting plate; 44. First machining assembly; 45. Drill rod; 46. First connecting assembly; 47. Fixing assembly; 48. Second machining assembly; 421. Servo motor; 422. Gear; 423. Gear ring; 441. First slide groove; 442. Mounting ring; 443. Guide groove; 444. Moving block; 445. Rotating ring; 446. Fixed block; 447. Ball bearing; 448. First limiting plate; 461. Second ring body; 462. Third conductor block; 463. First ring body; 464. Magnetic metal block; 465. Third electromagnet; 466. Fourth conductor block; 471. First fixed seat; 472. Third limiting groove; 473. First guide block; 474. Retaining ring; 475. Second limiting groove; 476. First limiting groove; 477. Second fixed seat; 478. Third fixed seat; 481. Connecting seat; 482. Limiting component; 483. Second limiting plate; 484. Second connecting component; 485. Second groove; 486. First groove; 4821. First splined shaft; 4822. Plane; 4823. Support plate; 4824. First electromagnet; 4825. Second electromagnet; 4826. Fifth groove; 4827. Fourth groove; 4828. Third groove; 4841, Eighth groove; 4842, Piston block; 4843, Second spline shaft; 4844, Second guide block; 4845, Sixth groove; 4846, Seventh groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-4 and Figure 8 A high-efficiency combined CNC machining center includes a machine tool 1, a milling machine 2 and a drilling machine 3 mounted on top of the machine tool 1, and a machining mechanism 4, which includes: A connector 41 is rotatably mounted on its bottom with a mounting plate 43. A first processing assembly 44 arranged in a circular array is mounted on the top of the mounting plate 43. A fixing assembly 47 is mounted inside the first processing assembly 44. A second processing assembly 48 is mounted on the free end of both the milling machine 2 and the drilling machine 3. The first processing assembly 44, the second processing assembly 48, and the fixing assembly 47 cooperate to replace the drill rod 45. The fixing assembly 47 includes: The first fixed base 471 has a first limiting groove 476 and a second limiting groove 475 arranged in a ring array on its side wall. The first limiting groove 476 and the second limiting groove 475 are connected. The first limiting groove 476 is located at the bottom of the second limiting groove 475, and both sides of the inner wall of the first limiting groove 476 are inclined. The second fixing seat 477 is fixedly mounted on the top of the first fixing seat 471 and is designed in the shape of a frustum. The side wall of the second fixing seat 477 is provided with a third limiting groove 472 arranged in a ring array.

[0021] In implementing this invention, when assembling and machining the workpiece, the workpiece surface is typically milled flat using a milling machine 2 first to facilitate subsequent positioning of the drilling location. After milling is completed, the workpiece is drilled using a drilling machine 3. During the milling and drilling process, the appropriate milling cutter and drill rod 45 need to be selected according to the working conditions. When replacing the drill rod 45, the drilling machine 3 stops processing and the drill rod 45 in use on the drilling machine 3 is raised. Then, the connecting piece 41 moves to the bottom of the drill rod 45 under the action of the external robotic arm, and the first processing component 44 on the top of the mounting plate 43, where the drill rod 45 is not installed, is positioned at the bottom of the drill rod 45 to be removed. Then, the mounting plate 43 is moved upward by the robotic arm, so that the inner wall of the rotating ring 445 moves upward along the side wall of the drill rod 45. During the movement, the first limiting plate 448 first contacts the bottom of the first fixed seat 471. Since the bottom of the first fixed seat 471 and the position between the first limiting grooves 476 and the top of the first limiting plate 448 are both arc-shaped, and since the rotating ring 445 can rotate under the action of the first slider, the moving block 444 and the first spring, the first limiting plate 448 can rotate to the first limiting groove after contacting the bottom of the first fixed seat 471. At the bottom of 476, as the rotating ring 445 and the first limiting plate 448 move upward, the first limiting plate 448 enters the second limiting groove 475 along the first limiting groove 476 and abuts against the top inner wall of the second limiting groove 475. At this time, the third guide block 462 and the fourth guide block 466 abut against each other, and the first guide block 473 and the second guide block 4844 abut against each other, thereby energizing the first electromagnet 4824 and the second electromagnet 4825, so that the side of the first electromagnet 4824 and the second electromagnet 4825 that are close to each other generates a repulsive force, thereby pushing the second electromagnet 4825 and the abutment plate 4823 to move away from the bottom of the retaining ring 474. After moving away, the bottom of the retaining ring 474 has no supporting force, and the robotic arm drives the first limiting plate 448 to move downward, thereby driving the fixing component 47 and the drill rod 45 to move downward as a whole, so as to separate from the second processing component 48, thereby disassembling the drill rod 45. After disassembly, rotate the mounting plate 43 to rotate the spare drill rod 45 to the bottom of the drilling machine 3 and move it upward. Since the top of the second fixed seat 477 is arc-shaped and the second fixed seat 477 is frustum-shaped, and since the rotating ring 445 can rotate, the second limiting plate 483 can enter the third limiting groove 472 during the upward movement of the second fixed seat 477, thereby limiting the fixed component 47 and the drill rod 45. As the fixed component 47 and the drill rod 45 move upward, the retaining ring 474 presses the abutment plate 4823 to move to the top of the abutment plate 4823, thereby supporting it from the bottom of the retaining ring 474, preventing the fixed component 47 from detaching from the second processing component 48, thereby installing the new drill rod 45 in the second processing component 48 to connect with the drilling machine 3.

[0022] The connector 41 of the present invention is connected to an external robotic arm to facilitate the overall movement of the processing mechanism 4, thereby enabling the processing mechanism 4 to move between the milling machine 2 and the drilling machine 3, conforming to the working conditions of the combined machine tool 1. The robotic arm is not shown in the figure and is prior art, so it will not be described in detail here. The drill rod 45, milling cutter, etc. can be placed inside the first processing component 44 on the top of the mounting plate 43. When placing them, the milling cutter and drill rod 45 must be connected to the fixing component 47 before placement, so as to facilitate subsequent installation inside the second processing component 48. The number of the first processing component 44 is not limited here, and those skilled in the art can design it according to the actual use.

[0023] The size of the area of ​​the bottom of the first fixed seat 471 located between the first limiting grooves 476 is determined by the inclination of the inner walls on both sides of the first limiting groove. For example, the area of ​​the bottom of the first fixed seat 471 located between the first limiting grooves 476 can be made smaller, thereby reducing the contact area between the first limiting plate 448 and the bottom of the first fixed seat 471. Since the bottom of the first fixed seat 471 located between the first limiting grooves 476 and the top of the first limiting plate 448 are both arc-shaped, and since the first limiting plate 448 can rotate, the stability of the first limiting plate 448 entering the first limiting groove 476 is ensured. During the upward movement of the second fixed seat 477 into the second groove 485, due to the arc-shaped design of the top of the second fixed seat 477 and its position between the third limiting groove 472, the frustum-shaped design of the second fixed seat 477, the arc-shaped design of the adjacent sides of the second limiting plates 483, and the inclined design of the second limiting plates 483, after the top of the second fixed seat 477 contacts and abuts against the second limiting plate 483, the second fixed seat 477, together with the first limiting plate 448, rotates synchronously, thereby ensuring that the third limiting groove 472... 2. To ensure the stability of the second limiting plate 483, those skilled in the art can design the inclination angle of the inner walls on both sides of the first limiting groove 476, the inclination angle of the second limiting plate 483, the bottom area of ​​the first fixing seat 471 between adjacent first limiting grooves 476, and the contact area of ​​the second limiting plate 483 and the second fixing seat 477 according to the actual use, so as to ensure that the first limiting plate 448 enters the first limiting groove 476 and the second limiting plate 483 stably enters the third limiting groove 472. No limitation is made here.

[0024] Please see Figure 8 The fixing component 47 also includes: The third fixing seat 478 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the first fixing seat 471, and the side wall diameter of the third fixing seat 478 is smaller than the side wall diameter of the first fixing seat 471. A retaining ring 474 is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the first fixing seat 471. The top of the outer wall of the retaining ring 474 is arc-shaped. The bottom of the first fixing seat 471 and the position between the first limiting grooves 476 are arc-shaped. The top of the second fixing seat 477 and the position between the third limiting grooves 472 are arc-shaped. A first guide block 473 is embedded in the center of the top of the second fixing seat 477.

[0025] The inner diameter of the third limiting groove 472 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the third limiting groove 472 extends to the top of the second fixing seat 477. The inner diameter of the first limiting groove 476 gradually decreases from bottom to top. The bottom of the first limiting groove 476 extends to the bottom of the first fixing seat 471 and is located outside the third fixing seat 478.

[0026] In practice, the drill rod 45 is fixed to the bottom of the third fixing seat 478 with a nut. This method of fixing the drill rod 45 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The drill rod 45 and the fixing seat 47 are replaced as a whole by the cooperation of the first processing component 44 and the second processing component 48. Compared with the traditional method of only replacing the drill rod 45, the operation is simple and the replacement speed is improved, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

[0027] Please see Figures 5-7 The first processing component 44 includes: Mounting ring 442 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of mounting plate 43 and extends to the bottom of mounting plate 43. The inner wall of mounting ring 442 is provided with a first sliding groove 441, the inner wall of the first sliding groove 441 is provided with a guide groove 443, the inner wall of the first sliding groove 441 is sleeved with a first slider, and the top and bottom of the first slider are both sleeved with a ring array of balls 447. The first sliding groove 441, the guide groove 443 and the first slider are all in a ring design. The top of mounting ring 442 is provided with a first connecting component 46. A rotating ring 445 is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the first slider. The inner wall of the rotating ring 445 is fixedly provided with a first limiting plate 448 arranged in a ring array. The top of the first limiting plate 448 is arc-shaped.

[0028] The first processing component 44 also includes: A fixed block 446 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the guide groove 443. A movable block 444 is sleeved on the inner wall of the guide groove 443. There are two fixed blocks 446 and two movable blocks 444, which are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center point of the guide groove 443. The movable blocks 444 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first slider. A first spring is sleeved on the inner wall of the guide groove 443 between the movable blocks 444 and the fixed blocks 446. The two ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the movable blocks 444 and the fixed blocks 446 respectively.

[0029] In specific implementation, the first spring is supported by the fixed block 446, and the movable block 444 can move within the guide groove 443. Thus, during the process of the first limiting plate 448 contacting and pressing the bottom of the first fixed seat 471, the first limiting plate 448 can drive the rotating ring 445, the first slider and the movable block 444 to rotate against the elastic force of the first spring, thereby facilitating the insertion of the first limiting plate 448 into the first limiting groove 476 and the second limiting groove 475, thereby fitting the fixing component 47 into the rotating ring 445.

[0030] By reducing the friction between the first slider and the first groove 441 by the ball bearing 447, the first slider, the first limiting plate 448 and the rotating ring 445 can rotate when the first limiting plate 448 contacts the bottom of the first fixed seat 471 and is squeezed, thereby improving the stability of the first limiting plate 448 entering the second limiting groove 475.

[0031] By making the bottom of the first fixed seat 471 and the portion between the second limiting grooves 475 arc-shaped, and the top of the first limiting plate 448 arc-shaped, when the first limiting plate 448 contacts and abuts against the bottom of the first fixed seat 471, the rotating ring 445 is easily rotated under the action of the ball 447, the first spring, and the first sliding groove 441, thus facilitating the first limiting plate 448 to enter the first limiting groove 476. In addition, the first limiting groove 476 is inclined, and the inner wall diameter gradually decreases from bottom to top, further facilitating the entry of the first limiting plate 448 into the first limiting groove 476. Through the smooth connection between the first limiting groove 476 and the second limiting groove 475, and the inner wall of the second limiting groove 475 fitting against the side wall of the first limiting plate 448, the position of the first fixed seat 471 is limited, facilitating the subsequent docking of the first connecting assembly 46.

[0032] The rotating ring 445 can be rotated by the first spring and the first slide groove 441, which makes it easy to fit the first limiting plate 448 on the outside of the fixing component 47, and thus makes it easy to remove the fixing component 47 from the second processing component 48. Furthermore, by enabling the fixing component 47 and the rotating ring 445 to rotate synchronously, it is easy to install the fixing component 47 and the drill rod 45 as a whole in the second processing component 48, which facilitates the installation and use of the drill rod 45.

[0033] Please see Figures 10-12 The second processing component 48 includes: The connector 481 has a first groove 486 at its bottom and a second groove 485 on the top inner wall of the first groove 486. The inner diameter of the second groove 485 is smaller than that of the first groove 486. The inner wall of the first groove 486 fits against the outer wall of the retaining ring 474. The inner side wall of the first groove 486 is provided with a limiting component 482 arranged in a ring array. The top of the inner wall of the second groove 485 is provided with a second connecting component 484. The second limiting plate 483 is fixedly disposed on the inner side wall of the second groove 485 and arranged in a ring array. The side wall of the second limiting plate 483 is adapted to the inner wall of the third limiting groove 472. The sides of the second limiting plates 483 that are close to each other are all arc-shaped and the second limiting plates 483 are all inclined.

[0034] Limiting component 482 includes: A third groove 4828 is formed on the inner wall of the first groove 486. A fourth groove 4827 is formed on the inner wall of the third groove 4828, and a fifth groove 4826 is formed on the inner wall of the fourth groove 4827. The inner diameter of the fifth groove 4826 is larger than that of the fourth groove 4827. A first electromagnet 4824 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fifth groove 4826 near the fourth groove 4827. A second electromagnet 4825 is fitted onto the inner wall of the fifth groove 4826. Both the second electromagnet 4825 and the first electromagnet 4824 are... The second electromagnet 4825 is designed in a ring shape. The inner wall of the second electromagnet 4825 is fixedly fitted with a first spline shaft 4821. One end of the first spline shaft 4821 located in the third groove 4828 is fixedly fitted with a support plate 4823. The top of the support plate 4823 has a flat surface 4822 and the bottom of the support plate 4823 has an arc-shaped design. The inner wall of the fourth groove 4827 has a first spline groove that matches the first spline shaft 4821. The side wall of the first spline shaft 4821, located on the side of the second electromagnet 4825 away from the first electromagnet 4824, is fitted with a second spring.

[0035] In practical implementation, when replacing the drill rod 45, the drill rod 45 on the drilling machine 3 must first be removed. To do this, the first processing component 44, without the fixing component 47 and the drill rod 45, is moved by a robotic arm to the bottom of the drill rod 45 to be removed. Then, the first processing component 44 is moved upwards. During this movement, the top of the first limiting plate 448 contacts the bottom of the first fixing seat 471 or directly enters the first limiting groove 476. If the top of the first limiting plate 448 contacts the bottom of the first fixing seat 471, the first limiting plate 448 can be rotated to ensure that it can stably enter the first limiting groove 476. As the first limiting plate 448 continues to move upward, it enters the first limiting groove 476. When the first limiting plate 448 abuts against the first limiting groove 476, the third guide block 462 and the fourth guide block 466 are pressed together, thereby generating a repulsive force between the first electromagnet 4824 and the second electromagnet 4825, which drives the abutment plate 4823 away from the retaining ring 474. As the first limiting plate 448 moves downward, the first fixed seat 471 falls on the top of the first limiting plate 448 through the second limiting groove 475, and moves downward with the first limiting plate 448 to remove the drill rod 45 from the drill press 3. Subsequently, the rotating assembly 42 drives the mounting plate 43 to rotate, transferring the drill rod 45 to be replaced to the bottom of the second processing assembly 48. Then, the fixing assembly 47 and the drill rod 45 move upward. During the movement, the third limiting groove 472 is fitted onto the side wall of the second limiting plate 483, so that the first fixing seat 471 and the connecting seat 481 rotate synchronously. At the same time, the top of the retaining ring 474 presses against the bottom of the abutment plate 4823, so that the retaining ring 474 moves to the top of the abutment plate 4823, so that the bottom of the retaining ring 474 is limited by the abutment plate 4823, thereby preventing the fixing assembly 47 from detaching from the second processing assembly 48. Since the first limiting plate 448 is fitted inside the first limiting groove 476 and the second limiting groove 475, the first limiting plate 448 can be separated from the fixing component 47 after it moves downward, so that the fixing component 47 and the drill rod 45 can be installed to complete the replacement. The replacement method of the drill rod 45 and the milling cutter is the same, except that the corresponding milling cutter and drill rod 45 are installed at the bottom of the third fixing component 47 to meet the actual use.

[0036] The bottom of the abutment plate 4823 and the top of the outer wall of the retaining ring 474 are both arc-shaped. When the retaining ring 474 moves upward with the fixing component 47, the arc surface of the top of the outer wall of the retaining ring 474 contacts and presses against the arc surface of the bottom of the abutment plate 4823. Since the abutment plate 4823 can move under the action of the second spring, the retaining ring 474 stably presses the abutment plate 4823 and moves upward.

[0037] Example 2, please refer to Figure 11 The technical difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the second connecting component 484 includes: The sixth groove 4845 is formed on the top inner wall of the second groove 485. The top inner wall of the sixth groove 4845 is provided with the seventh groove 4846. The top inner wall of the seventh groove 4846 is provided with the eighth groove 4841. The inner wall diameter of the eighth groove 4841 is larger than the inner wall diameter of the seventh groove 4846. The inner wall of the eighth groove 4841 is fitted with the piston block 4842. The interior of the eighth groove 4841 and the top of the piston block 4842 are filled with gas. The side wall of the piston block 4842 and the inner side wall of the eighth groove 4841 are dynamically sealed. The second spline shaft 4843 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the piston block 4842. The second guide block 4844 is fixedly disposed at one end of the second spline shaft 4843 located in the sixth groove 4845. The inner side wall of the seventh groove 4846 is provided with a second spline groove that is compatible with the second spline shaft 4843. Please see Figure 9 The first connection component 46 includes: The first ring body 463 is fixedly disposed on the top of the mounting ring 442, and the inner wall diameter of the first ring body 463 is larger than the inner wall diameter of the mounting ring 442. The top of the first ring body 463 is fixedly disposed with a third guide block 462 and a third electromagnet 465 arranged in a ring array. The second ring body 461 is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed base 471. The bottom of the second ring body 461 is fixedly provided with a fourth guide block 466 and a magnetic metal block 464 arranged in a ring array. The positions of the fourth guide block 466 and the third guide block 462 are designed to correspond, and the positions of the magnetic metal block 464 and the third electromagnet 465 are designed to correspond. The fourth guide block 466 is connected to the first guide block 473 through a wire. The second guide block 464 is connected to the first electromagnet 4824 and the second electromagnet 4825 through a wire. The third guide block 462 is connected to the third electromagnet 465 through a wire.

[0038] In specific implementation, when the drill rod 45 and the fixing assembly 47 are removed from the inside of the second processing assembly 48, the first limiting plate 448 drives the first fixing seat 471 and the second fixing seat 477 to move upward and abut against the top inner wall of the second groove 485. Then, the third guide block 462 and the fourth guide block 466 abut against each other, and the first guide block 473 and the second guide block 4844 abut against each other. Since the fourth guide block 466 is connected to the first guide block 473 via a wire, the first guide block 473, the second guide block 4844, the third guide block 462, and the fourth guide block 466 are energized. Since the second guide block 4844 is connected to the first electromagnet 4824 and the second electromagnet 4825 via a wire... The connection is made so that the first electromagnet 4824 and the second electromagnet 4825 are powered, so that the first electromagnet 4824 and the second electromagnet 4825 generate a repulsive force between them. The repulsive force drives the second electromagnet 4825, the first spline shaft 4821 and the abutment plate 4823 away from the retaining ring 474, thereby canceling the restriction on the bottom of the abutment plate 4823. At the same time, the third electromagnet 465 is energized to magnetically attract the magnetic metal block 464, so as to ensure the stability of the connection between the first limiting plate 448 and the first fixed seat 471. This ensures that when the first limiting plate 448 descends, it can drive the fixing component 47 and the drill rod 45 to descend synchronously, so as to facilitate the removal of the drill rod 45. During descent, gas compresses the piston block 4842, ensuring that the first guide block 473 and the second guide block 4844 remain energized and pressed against each other as the first guide block 473 descends a certain distance. This ensures that the side wall of the retaining ring 474 moves to or below the side wall of the abutment plate 4823 before the first electromagnet 4824 and the second electromagnet 4825 are de-energized, thus improving stability. When installing the fixing assembly 47 and the drill rod 45, the retaining ring 474 is limited by the elastic force of the second spring, employing a purely mechanical method for limiting movement, thereby improving the stability of the limiting position.

[0039] When the second fixing seat 477 of the fixing component 47 enters the second groove 485, the first guide block 473 and the second guide block 4844 come into contact. Since the drill rod 45 and the fixing component 47 rotate synchronously, the first guide block 473 and the second guide block 4844 are relatively stationary, and the second guide block 4844 has room to move, which avoids large friction between the first guide block 473 and the second guide block 4844 and facilitates long-term use.

[0040] The side wall of the connector 41 is provided with a rotating assembly 42 for driving the mounting plate 43 to rotate. The rotating assembly 42 includes: Servo motor 421 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of connector 41. The output shaft of servo motor 421 is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft via a coupling. A gear 422 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to connector 41. The gear ring 423 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate 43 and meshes with the gear 422.

[0041] In practice, the servo unit drives the gear 422 and gear ring 423 to rotate, thereby driving the mounting plate 43 to rotate, so as to adjust the position of the second processing component 48, so as to facilitate the movement of the milling cutter or drill rod 45 to the designated milling machine 2 and drilling machine 3.

[0042] This invention also provides a method for using a high-efficiency combined CNC machining center. The method includes the following steps: S1: During the combined machining of the workpiece by the milling machine 2 and the drilling machine 3, the milling cutter and the drill rod 45 are moved by the milling machine 2 and the drilling machine 3 to perform milling and drilling. S2: During milling and drilling, the milling cutter and drill rod 45 are replaced by the first machining component 44, the second machining component 48 and the fixing component 47 to assist in the machining process.

[0043] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency combined CNC machining center, comprising a machine tool, a milling machine and a drilling machine mounted on top of the machine tool, characterized in that, It also includes processing mechanisms, which include: The connector has a mounting plate rotatably mounted on its bottom. A first processing assembly arranged in a circular array is mounted on the top of the mounting plate. A fixing assembly is located inside the first processing assembly. A second processing assembly is mounted on the free end of both the milling machine and the drilling machine. The first processing assembly, the second processing assembly, and the fixing assembly cooperate to replace the drill rod. The fixing assembly includes: The first fixed base has a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove arranged in a ring array on its side wall. The first limiting groove and the second limiting groove are connected. The first limiting groove is located at the bottom of the second limiting groove, and both sides of the inner wall of the first limiting groove are designed to be inclined. The second fixing seat is fixed on top of the first fixing seat and is designed in the shape of a frustum. The side wall of the second fixing seat is provided with a third limiting groove arranged in a ring array.

2. The high-efficiency combined CNC machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component also includes: The third fixing seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first fixing seat, and the side wall diameter of the third fixing seat is smaller than the side wall diameter of the first fixing seat. A retaining ring is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed seat. The top of the outer wall of the retaining ring is arc-shaped. The bottom of the first fixed seat and the position between the first limiting grooves are arc-shaped. The top of the second fixed seat and the position between the third limiting grooves are arc-shaped. A first guide block is embedded in the center of the top of the second fixed seat.

3. A high-efficiency combined CNC machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the third limiting groove gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the third limiting groove extends to the top of the second fixing seat; The inner wall diameter of the first limiting groove decreases from bottom to top, and the bottom of the first limiting groove extends to the bottom of the first fixing seat and is located outside the third fixing seat.

4. A high-efficiency combined CNC machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first processing component includes: The mounting ring is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the mounting plate and extends to the bottom of the mounting plate. The inner wall of the mounting ring is provided with a first sliding groove, the inner wall of the first sliding groove is provided with a guide groove, the inner wall of the first sliding groove is sleeved with a first slider, and the top and bottom of the first slider are both sleeved with a ring array of balls. The first sliding groove, the guide groove and the first slider are all designed in a ring shape. The top of the mounting ring is provided with a first connecting component. A rotating ring is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the first slider. The inner wall of the rotating ring is fixedly provided with a first limiting plate arranged in a ring array. The top of the first limiting plate is arc-shaped.

5. A high-efficiency combined CNC machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first processing component further includes: A fixed block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the guide groove. A movable block is sleeved on the inner wall of the guide groove. There are two fixed blocks and two movable blocks, and they are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center point of the guide groove. The movable blocks are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first slider. A first spring is sleeved on the inner wall of the guide groove between the movable block and the fixed block. The two ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the movable block and the fixed block, respectively.

6. A high-efficiency combined CNC machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second processing component includes: The connector has a first groove at its bottom and a second groove on the top inner wall of the first groove. The inner wall diameter of the second groove is smaller than that of the first groove. The inner wall of the first groove fits against the outer wall of the retaining ring. The inner side wall of the first groove is provided with a limiting component arranged in a ring array. The top of the inner wall of the second groove is provided with a second connecting component. The second limiting plate is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the second groove and arranged in a ring array. The side wall of the second limiting plate is adapted to the inner wall of the third limiting groove. The sides of the second limiting plates that are close to each other are arc-shaped and inclined.

7. A high-efficiency combined CNC machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting component includes: The third groove is formed on the inner wall of the first groove. The inner wall of the third groove has a fourth groove, and the inner wall of the fourth groove has a fifth groove. The inner diameter of the fifth groove is larger than that of the fourth groove. A first electromagnet is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fifth groove near the fourth groove. A second electromagnet is sleeved on the inner wall of the fifth groove. Both the second and first electromagnets are annular. A first spline shaft is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the second electromagnet. A stop plate is fixedly installed at one end of the first spline shaft located in the third groove. The top of the stop plate has a flat surface, and the bottom of the stop plate has an arc-shaped design. The inner wall of the fourth groove has a first spline groove that matches the first spline shaft. A second spring is sleeved on the side wall of the first spline shaft, on the side of the second electromagnet away from the first electromagnet.

8. A high-efficiency combined CNC machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second connection component includes: The sixth groove is formed on the top inner wall of the second groove. The top inner wall of the sixth groove is formed with the seventh groove. The top inner wall of the seventh groove is formed with the eighth groove. The inner wall diameter of the eighth groove is larger than that of the seventh groove. The inner wall of the eighth groove is fitted with a piston block. The inside of the eighth groove and the top of the piston block is filled with gas. The side wall of the piston block and the inner side wall of the eighth groove are designed to be dynamically sealed. The second spline shaft is fixedly located at the bottom of the piston block. The second guide block is fixedly located at one end of the second spline shaft in the sixth groove. The inner side wall of the seventh groove is provided with a second spline groove that is compatible with the second spline shaft. The first connection component includes: The first ring body is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting ring, and the inner diameter of the first ring body is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting ring. The top of the first ring body is fixedly provided with a third guide block and a third electromagnet arranged in a ring array. The second ring body is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the first fixed base. The bottom of the second ring body is fixedly provided with a fourth guide block and a magnetic metal block arranged in a ring array. The positions of the fourth guide block and the third guide block are designed to correspond, and the positions of the magnetic metal block and the third electromagnet are designed to correspond. The fourth guide block is connected to the first guide block through a wire, the second guide block is connected to the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet through a wire, and the third guide block is connected to the third electromagnet through a wire.

9. A high-efficiency combined CNC machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side wall of the connector is provided with a rotating assembly for driving the mounting plate to rotate, the rotating assembly including: A servo motor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the connector. The output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft via a coupling. A gear is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the connector. The gear ring is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate and meshes with the gear.

10. A method for using a high-efficiency combined CNC machining center, characterized in that, Using a high-efficiency combined CNC machining center according to any one of claims 1-9, the method includes the following steps: S1: During the combined machining of a workpiece by a milling machine and a drilling machine, the movement of the milling cutter and drill rod is controlled by the milling machine and the drilling machine to perform milling and drilling. S2: During milling and drilling, the milling cutter and drill rod are replaced by the first machining assembly, the second machining assembly, and the fixing assembly to assist in the machining process.

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