High-precision deep hole feature machining device and method based on rapid die changing technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep hole feature machining device and method based on a quick die changing technology, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The device comprises a machine tool working platform, a first quick-change female seat, a first quick-change part, a deep hole clamping mechanism, a second quick-change part and a second quick-change female seat. The method comprises the steps that a workpiece is fixed to a first quick-change piece to form a quick-change whole; the whole is installed on a first quick-change female seat of a machine tool, and a datum plane and other features are machined; and the equipment function is replaced, and the quick-change whole with the workpiece is moved to a deep hole clamping mechanism installed on a machine tool for deep hole machining. Through the innovative quick-change modular design, milling, conventional hole machining and high-precision deep hole machining are quickly and accurately completed on the same horizontal machining center, workpiece turnover and repeated clamping are reduced, and the machining efficiency, the equipment utilization rate and the deep hole machining quality stability are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a high-precision deep hole feature machining device and method based on rapid mold change technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the aerospace field, many key components (such as instrument housings, folding wings, and aero-engine parts) are designed with high-precision deep-hole structures with an aspect ratio greater than 10 or even 20.

[0003] Traditional machining processes typically separate the deep hole feature from other features (such as the reference surface of the deep hole): first, the reference surface and other features are milled and drilled on a machining center, and then the workpiece is transferred to a dedicated deep hole drilling machine for deep hole machining. This process has significant drawbacks: 1) The workpiece needs to be transferred between different machines, increasing the production cycle and logistics costs; 2) The reference surface machining and deep hole machining are completed in two separate clamping operations, and the accumulated clamping errors affect the positional accuracy and coaxiality of the deep hole, resulting in poor machining quality stability; 3) Expensive deep hole drilling machines are used for only a single process, leading to low equipment utilization.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a deep hole machining solution that can integrate multiple processes, reduce the number of clamping operations, improve machining accuracy and overall equipment efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a deep hole feature processing device and method based on rapid mold change technology to achieve efficient and high-quality composite processing of high-precision deep hole parts.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a deep hole feature processing device based on rapid mold change technology, comprising: The machine tool work platform is fixedly installed with the first quick-change female seat; The first quick-change part is used to clamp the part to be processed. The deep hole clamping mechanism has a second quick-change component that matches the first quick-change female seat installed at its bottom, and a second quick-change female seat installed at its top; The first quick-change component can be selectively and detachably connected to either the first quick-change female seat or the second quick-change female seat, and the deep hole clamping mechanism is detachably connected to the first quick-change female seat via the second quick-change component at its bottom.

[0007] Furthermore, the deep hole clamping mechanism includes a vertical arm, a horizontal arm, guide limiting plates, a first motor, and a second motor. The bottom end of the vertical arm is mounted on the second quick-change component. Two guide limiting plates are symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the vertical arm. The first motor is mounted on the vertical arm, and its output end is driven by a vertically arranged first lead screw. A first lead screw pair is driven by the first lead screw. The second motor is slidably connected to the vertical arm via a slider, and the slider is connected to the first lead screw pair. The horizontal arm is slidably connected between the two guide limiting plates. The output end of the second motor is driven by a horizontally arranged second lead screw. A second lead screw pair is driven by the second lead screw, and the second lead screw pair is connected to the horizontal arm.

[0008] Furthermore, a guide sleeve mounting part is provided at the top of the vertical arm and on the side facing the horizontal arm.

[0009] Furthermore, a vertical coolant collection tank is provided at the center of the vertical arm.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the present invention provides a deep hole feature processing method based on a rapid mold change technology for deep hole feature processing apparatus, comprising the following steps: Step 1, Offline clamping: Outside the machine tool, the part to be processed is fixedly installed on the first quick change component to form a quick change assembly; Step 2, Loading and Reference Machining: Install the quick-change part onto the first quick-change female seat of the machine tool work platform and lock it. Perform milling and / or drilling on the part and machine the reference surface for deep hole machining. Step 3, Function Switching: Remove the completed quick-change part from the machine tool and install the deep hole clamping mechanism onto the first quick-change female seat via the second quick-change component at its bottom; Step 4: Workpiece transfer: Install the quick-change part onto the second quick-change female seat at the top of the deep hole clamping mechanism and lock it in place; Step 5, Deep Hole Machining Preparation: Install the gun drill tool and high-pressure cooling system on the machine tool. Step 6, Deep Hole Machining: Use a gun drill to perform deep hole machining, while simultaneously introducing high-pressure coolant into the borehole; Step 7, Material Unloading: After the deep hole machining is completed, the part with the aforementioned component is quickly removed from the machine tool as a whole.

[0011] Furthermore, in step six, when the material being processed is aluminum alloy, the coolant pressure shall not be less than 40 bar; when the material being processed is titanium alloy, the coolant pressure shall not be less than 60 bar.

[0012] Furthermore, in steps two, three, and four, the first quick-change component and the first quick-change female seat, the second quick-change component and the first quick-change female seat, and the first quick-change component and the second quick-change female seat are all fastened and locked together by pull studs and corresponding locking devices.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: Process integration reduces turnaround time: Through modular quick-change design, milling, conventional hole machining and high-precision deep hole machining are integrated into the same horizontal machining center, eliminating the need for workpieces to be transferred between different machine tools and significantly shortening the production cycle.

[0014] One-time clamping ensures accuracy: The workpiece is always clamped on the same first quick-change part throughout the entire machining process (from machining the datum surface to machining the deep hole). The process change is achieved only by changing the support platform (machine tool working platform or deep hole clamping mechanism) below it, which minimizes repeated clamping errors and ensures a high-precision positional relationship between the deep hole and the datum surface.

[0015] Quick function switching improves equipment utilization: Through the quick-change interface, the machine tool can be switched from "CNC milling mode" to "deep hole drilling mode" in a few minutes, giving a general-purpose machining center the function of a deep hole drilling machine, which greatly improves the overall utilization of expensive equipment.

[0016] Stable and reliable machining quality: The dedicated deep hole clamping mechanism provides stable support and precise guidance. Combined with high-pressure internal cooling technology, it ensures the straightness, surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of deep hole machining, making it particularly suitable for the high-quality deep hole requirements of the aerospace industry. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-change assembly of the parts being installed on the quick-change female seat of the machine tool in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the deep hole clamping mechanism installed on the first quick-change female seat in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-change assembly of parts installed on the second quick-change female seat in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the deep hole clamping mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the offline clamping of a certain rudder-type part in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. First quick-change component; 2. First quick-change female seat; 3. Machine tool working platform; 4. Deep hole clamping mechanism; 41. Vertical arm; 42. Horizontal arm; 43. Guide limit plate; 44. First motor; 45. Second motor; 5. Second quick-change female seat; 6. Second quick-change component; 7. Guide sleeve mounting part; 8. Coolant collection tank; 11. Support plate; 12. Clamping pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] Example 1, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a deep hole feature processing device based on rapid mold change technology, including: The machine tool work platform 3 has a first quick-change female seat 2 fixedly installed on it; The first quick-change part 1 is used to clamp the part to be processed; The deep hole clamping mechanism 4 has a second quick-change component 6 that matches the first quick-change female seat 2 installed at its bottom, and a second quick-change female seat 5 installed at its top; The first quick-change component 1 can be selectively and detachably connected to the first quick-change female seat 2 or the second quick-change female seat 5, and the deep hole clamping mechanism 4 is detachably connected to the first quick-change female seat 2 through the second quick-change component 6 at its bottom.

[0026] Specifically, the first quick-change component 1 includes a support plate 11, with a pull stud installed at the bottom of the support plate 11 and a clamping pressure plate 12 for clamping the part to be processed installed at the top of the support plate 11.

[0027] Specifically, the second quick-change component 6 includes a mounting plate for connecting with the deep hole clamping mechanism 4, and a pull stud is mounted on the bottom of the mounting plate.

[0028] Specifically, both the first quick-change female seat 2 and the second quick-change female seat 5 are equipped with locking devices that match the pull studs.

[0029] Specifically, the deep hole clamping mechanism 4 includes a vertical arm 41, a horizontal arm 42, a guide limiting plate 43, a first motor 44, and a second motor 45. The bottom end of the vertical arm 41 is mounted on the second quick-change component 6. Two guide limiting plates 43 are symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the vertical arm 41. The first motor 44 is mounted on the vertical arm 41, and its output end is driven by a vertically arranged first lead screw. A first lead screw pair is driven by the first lead screw. The second motor 45 is slidably connected to the vertical arm 41 via a slider. The slider is connected to the first lead screw pair. The horizontal arm 42 is slidably connected between the two guide limiting plates 43. The output end of the second motor 45 is driven by a horizontally arranged second lead screw. A second lead screw pair is driven by the second lead screw. The second lead screw pair is connected to the horizontal arm 42.

[0030] Driven by the first motor 44 and the second motor 45, and limited by the guide limit plate 43, the horizontal arm 42 can be finely adjusted in the X-axis (first lead screw direction) and Y-axis (second lead screw direction) directions on the vertical arm 41.

[0031] Specifically, a guide sleeve mounting portion 7 is provided at the top of the vertical support arm 41 and on the side facing the horizontal support arm 42. When drilling deep holes with a gun drill, the guide sleeve on the guide sleeve mounting portion 7 is used to provide auxiliary support and guidance when the tool begins to cut into the workpiece, so as to enhance the rigidity in the initial stage and ensure the positional accuracy and straightness of the hole.

[0032] Specifically, a vertical coolant collection tank 8 is provided at the center of the vertical support arm 41. The coolant collection tank 8 is located behind the guide sleeve mounting part 7.

[0033] Example 2: This example provides a deep hole feature processing method based on the deep hole feature processing apparatus provided in Example 1, including the following steps: Step 1, Offline clamping: Outside the machine tool, the part to be processed is fixedly installed on the first quick change component 1 to form a quick change assembly; Step 2, Loading and Reference Machining: The quick-change assembly of the part is installed onto the first quick-change female seat 2 of the machine tool work platform 3 and locked. The part is then milled and / or drilled to machine the reference surface for deep hole machining. Step 3, Function Switching: Remove the completed quick-change part from the machine tool and install the deep hole clamping mechanism 4 onto the first quick-change female seat 2 via the second quick-change part 6 at its bottom; Step 4, workpiece transfer: Install the quick-change part as a whole onto the second quick-change female seat 5 at the top of the deep hole clamping mechanism 4 and lock it in place; Step 5, Deep Hole Machining Preparation: Install the gun drill tool and high-pressure cooling system on the machine tool. Step 6, Deep Hole Machining: Use a gun drill to perform deep hole machining, while simultaneously introducing high-pressure coolant into the borehole; Step 7, Material Unloading: After the deep hole machining is completed, the part with the aforementioned component is quickly removed from the machine tool as a whole.

[0034] Specifically, in step six, when the material being processed is aluminum alloy, the coolant pressure shall not be less than 40 bar; when the material being processed is titanium alloy, the coolant pressure shall not be less than 60 bar.

[0035] Specifically, in steps two, three, and four, the first quick-change component 1 and the first quick-change female seat 2, the second quick-change component 6 and the first quick-change female seat 2, and the first quick-change component 1 and the second quick-change female seat 5 are all fastened and locked by pull pins and corresponding locking devices.

[0036] The quick-change interface (pulling pin and female seat locking device) used in this invention is a standard quick-change interface commonly used in the industry, such as derivative clamping systems of HSK and CAPTO.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0038] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep hole feature processing device based on rapid mold change technology, characterized in that, include: The machine tool work platform (3) is fixedly installed with the first quick-change female seat (2); The first quick-change component (1) is used to clamp the part to be processed; The deep hole clamping mechanism (4) has a second quick-change component (6) that matches the first quick-change female seat (2) installed at its bottom and a second quick-change female seat (5) installed at its top. The first quick-change component (1) can be selectively and detachably connected to the first quick-change female seat (2) or the second quick-change female seat (5), and the deep hole clamping mechanism (4) is detachably connected to the first quick-change female seat (2) through the second quick-change component (6) at its bottom.

2. The deep hole feature processing device based on rapid mold change technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep hole clamping mechanism (4) includes a vertical arm (41), a horizontal arm (42), a guide limiting plate (43), a first motor (44), and a second motor (45). The bottom end of the vertical arm (41) is mounted on the second quick-change component (6). Two guide limiting plates (43) are provided and symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the vertical arm (41). The first motor (44) is mounted on the vertical arm (41) and its output end is driven by a vertically arranged first lead screw. A first lead screw pair is driven by the first lead screw. The second motor (45) is slidably connected to the vertical arm (41) through a slider. The slider is connected to the first lead screw pair. The horizontal arm (42) is slidably connected between the two guide limiting plates (43). The output end of the second motor (45) is driven by a horizontally arranged second lead screw. A second lead screw pair is driven by the second lead screw. The second lead screw pair is connected to the horizontal arm (42).

3. The deep hole feature processing device based on rapid mold change technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the vertical arm (41) and the side facing the horizontal arm (42) are provided with a guide sleeve mounting part (7).

4. The deep hole feature processing device based on rapid mold change technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vertical coolant collection tank (8) is provided at the center of the vertical arm (41).

5. A deep hole feature processing method based on the deep hole feature processing apparatus based on rapid mold change technology according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, offline clamping: Outside the machine tool, the part to be processed is fixedly installed on the first quick change part (1) to form a quick change whole; Step 2, loading and reference machining: The quick-change part is installed onto the first quick-change female seat (2) of the machine tool working platform (3) and locked. The part is milled and / or drilled, and a deep hole machining reference surface is machined. Step 3, Function Switching: Remove the completed quick-change part from the machine tool and install the deep hole clamping mechanism (4) onto the first quick-change female seat (2) through the second quick-change part (6) at its bottom; Step 4, workpiece transfer: Install the quick-change part as a whole onto the second quick-change female seat (5) at the top of the deep hole clamping mechanism (4) and lock it; Step 5, Deep Hole Machining Preparation: Install the gun drill tool and high-pressure cooling system on the machine tool. Step 6, Deep Hole Machining: Use a gun drill to perform deep hole machining, while simultaneously introducing high-pressure coolant into the borehole; Step 7, Material Unloading: After the deep hole machining is completed, the part with the aforementioned component is quickly removed from the machine tool as a whole.

6. The deep hole feature processing method of the deep hole feature processing device based on rapid mold change technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step six, when the material being processed is aluminum alloy, the coolant pressure shall not be less than 40 bar; when the material being processed is titanium alloy, the coolant pressure shall not be less than 60 bar.

7. The deep hole feature processing method of the deep hole feature processing device based on rapid mold change technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: In steps two, three and four, the first quick-change component (1) and the first quick-change female seat (2), the second quick-change component (6) and the first quick-change female seat (2), and the first quick-change component (1) and the second quick-change female seat (5) are all fastened and locked by a pull pin and a corresponding locking device.

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