Numerically-controlled machine tool with clamp convenient to replace

Abstract

The invention relates to a numerically-controlled machine tool facilitating clamp replacement, and belongs to the technical field of numerically-controlled machine tools. The device comprises a machining table, a clamp mechanism, a cutter mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a replacing mechanism, the clamp mechanism is slidably arranged on the machining table, and the clamp mechanism comprises a first clamp assembly and a second clamp assembly; the cutter mechanism is matched with the machining table and used for machining the workpiece on the clamp mechanism. The clamping mechanism comprises a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly, the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the machining table, and the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are used for clamping the clamp mechanism; the replacing mechanism comprises a first replacing assembly and a second replacing assembly, the first replacing assembly is matched with the first clamping assembly and used for driving the first clamp assembly to move, and the second replacing assembly is matched with the second clamping assembly and used for driving the second clamp assembly to move. The fixture replacement device has the effect of improving the fixture replacement efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures. Background Technology

[0002] CNC machine tools, as crucial equipment in modern manufacturing, play an irreplaceable role in the field of machining. With the continuous development of the manufacturing industry, higher demands are placed on the machining accuracy, efficiency, and flexibility of CNC machine tools. The widespread application of CNC machine tools has made the machining of complex parts more efficient and precise, driving the rapid development of numerous industries such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and electronics. It enables automated machining, reduces manual intervention, improves the stability and consistency of product quality, significantly shortens product production cycles, and brings substantial economic benefits and market competitiveness to enterprises.

[0003] Currently, in traditional CNC machine tools, when fixtures need to be changed, it is usually done manually. The operator must first remove the old fixture from the machine tool, a process that requires specific tools and must be done carefully to avoid damaging the machine tool and the fixture. After removal, the new fixture is installed on the machine tool and precisely adjusted and positioned to ensure that the fixture can accurately hold the workpiece and guarantee machining accuracy.

[0004] However, manually changing fixtures is not only labor-intensive, but also results in long downtime of the machine tool, leading to reduced production efficiency and failing to meet the demands of modern manufacturing for high-efficiency production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the efficiency of machine tool fixture replacement, this application provides a CNC machine tool with easy fixture replacement.

[0006] The CNC machine tool with easy fixture replacement provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A CNC machine tool with easy fixture replacement includes: a machining table with a machining station; a fixture mechanism slidably disposed on the machining table, the fixture mechanism including a first fixture assembly and a second fixture assembly, both the first fixture assembly and the second fixture assembly being selectively moved to the machining station; a tool mechanism cooperating with the machining table, the tool mechanism being used to machine the workpiece on the fixture mechanism; and a clamping mechanism including a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly, the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly being symmetrically disposed on both sides of the machining table, and the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly being disposed on both sides of the sliding direction of the fixture mechanism. The second clamping component is used to clamp the fixture mechanism, so that the fixture mechanism is selectively fixed; the replacement mechanism is used to drive the fixture mechanism to slide, so that at most one of the first clamping component and the second clamping component is located at the machining station. The replacement mechanism includes a first replacement component and a second replacement component. The first replacement component cooperates with the first clamping component to move the first fixture component out of the machining station and move the second clamping component to the machining station on the machining table. The second replacement component cooperates with the second clamping component to move the second fixture component out of the machining station and move the first clamping component to the machining station on the machining table.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the machining table is set with machining stations, providing a specific working area for workpiece machining; the fixture mechanism is slidably mounted on the machining table and includes a first fixture assembly and a second fixture assembly, which can selectively move to the machining station and flexibly switch between different fixtures to adapt to the machining requirements of different workpieces; the tool mechanism cooperates with the machining table to machine the workpiece on the fixture mechanism, realizing the machining function of the CNC machine tool; the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly of the clamping mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the machining table and on both sides of the sliding direction of the fixture mechanism, used to clamp the fixture mechanism and selectively fix it, ensuring the stability of the fixture mechanism during machining; the changing mechanism includes a first changing assembly and a second changing assembly. The first changing assembly cooperates with the first clamping assembly to move the first fixture assembly out of the machining station and move the second fixture assembly to the machining station. The second changing assembly cooperates with the second clamping assembly to move the second fixture assembly out of the machining station and move the first fixture assembly to the machining station, realizing convenient fixture changing and improving machining efficiency.

[0008] Optionally, the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are connected, and the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly move synchronously.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the first fixture assembly and the second fixture assembly are connected and move synchronously. This allows for the simultaneous movement of both fixture assemblies with a single operation when changing fixtures, avoiding the cumbersome steps of operating each fixture assembly separately and improving the efficiency of fixture changing. At the same time, synchronous movement ensures the consistency and coordination of the movement of the two fixture assemblies, enabling more precise movement of the required fixture assembly to the machining station, reducing positioning errors, and improving machining accuracy and stability. Moreover, this connection method makes the overall structure of the fixture mechanism more compact, reducing the space occupied and facilitating the layout and installation of CNC machine tools.

[0010] Optionally, the first replacement component and the second replacement component have the same structure. The first replacement component is located on the first side of the first clamping component, and the second replacement component is located on the second side of the second clamping component. The first replacement component and the second replacement component are offset on both sides of the processing table so that the first replacement component and the second replacement component drive the clamping mechanism in opposite directions.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the first and second replacement components have identical structures and are universal, facilitating manufacturing and maintenance. The first replacement component is located on the first side of the first clamping component, and the second replacement component is located on the second side of the second clamping component, with the two components offset from each other on opposite sides of the machining table. This allows the first and second replacement components to act on different parts of the fixture mechanism. This arrangement ensures that the first and second replacement components drive the fixture mechanism in opposite directions, thereby enabling the first and second fixture components to be flexibly moved alternately to the machining station to meet different machining needs and improve the machining efficiency and flexibility of the CNC machine tool.

[0012] Optionally, mounting platforms are provided on both sides of the processing table. The first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly have the same structure. The first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are respectively mounted on the two mounting platforms for selectively clamping and positioning the fixture mechanism. The first clamping assembly includes a first driving member, a first lead screw, a first threaded sleeve, and a first top member. The first driving member is connected to one of the mounting platforms. The first end of the first lead screw is drivenly connected to the output end of the first driving member. The first end of the first threaded sleeve is screwed to the second end of the first lead screw. The first threaded sleeve is slidably connected to the mounting platform. The first top member is connected to the second end of the first threaded sleeve, causing the first top member to reciprocate towards or away from the first side of the fixture mechanism. The fixture mechanism is provided with a first positioning groove. The top member selectively abuts against the first positioning groove for positioning the clamping mechanism; the second clamping assembly includes a second driving member, a second lead screw, a second threaded sleeve, and a second top member. The second driving member is connected to another mounting platform. The first end of the second lead screw is drivenly connected to the output end of the second driving member. The first end of the second threaded sleeve is screwed to the second end of the second lead screw. The second threaded sleeve is slidably connected to the mounting platform. The second top member is connected to the second end of the second threaded sleeve, causing the second top member to reciprocate towards or away from the second side of the clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism is provided with a second positioning groove, which is correspondingly disposed on both sides of the clamping mechanism with the first positioning groove. The second top member selectively abuts against the second positioning groove for positioning the clamping mechanism.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, mounting platforms are set on both sides of the processing table to provide mounting bases for the first and second clamping components. The first and second clamping components are respectively mounted on the two mounting platforms, allowing selective clamping and positioning of the fixture mechanism to ensure its stability during processing. When the first driving member operates, it drives the first lead screw, which is connected to it, to rotate. Since the first threaded sleeve is screwed to the first lead screw and slidably connected to the mounting platform, the rotation of the first lead screw causes the first threaded sleeve to slide along the mounting platform. This, in turn, drives the first top member connected to the first threaded sleeve to reciprocate towards or away from the first side of the fixture mechanism. When the first top member abuts against the first positioning groove of the fixture mechanism, it positions the fixture mechanism. Similarly, when the second driving member operates, it drives the second lead screw to rotate, causing the second top member to reciprocate towards or away from the second side of the fixture mechanism via the second threaded sleeve. The second top member abuts against the second positioning groove to position the other side of the fixture mechanism. The corresponding top members and positioning grooves on both sides work together to improve the accuracy and stability of the fixture mechanism's positioning.

[0014] Optionally, the mounting table has a mounting cavity, and the first replacement component and the second replacement component are disposed in the corresponding mounting cavities. The first replacement component includes a first pushing rack, a first gear set, and a first connecting rack. The first pushing rack is slidably connected to the mounting cavity, disposed on a first side of the first threaded sleeve and cooperating with the first top member. The first connecting rack is connected to the first clamping assembly. The first gear set meshes with the first pushing rack and the first connecting rack respectively, so that when the first top member pushes the first pushing rack to move away from the processing table, the first connecting rack drives the first clamping assembly away from the processing station along a first direction. The second replacement component includes a second pushing rack, a second gear set, and a second connecting rack. The second pushing rack is slidably connected to the mounting cavity, disposed on a second side of the second threaded sleeve and cooperating with the second top member. The second connecting rack is connected to the second clamping assembly. The second gear set meshes with the second pushing rack and the second connecting rack respectively, so that when the second top member pushes the second pushing rack to move away from the processing table, the second connecting rack drives the second clamping assembly away from the processing station along a second direction.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting cavity of the mounting table provides installation space for the first and second replacement components, ensuring their stable operation and reducing the impact of impurities. In the first replacement component, the first pushing rack cooperates with the first top member. When the first top member pushes the first pushing rack away from the machining table, the first pushing rack can slide within the mounting cavity. The first gear set meshes with the first pushing rack and the first connecting rack respectively, playing a transmission role, transmitting the motion of the first pushing rack to the first connecting rack. The first connecting rack connects to the first clamping assembly, thereby driving the first clamping assembly away from the machining station along a first direction. Similarly, in the second replacement component, the second pushing rack cooperates with the second top member, sliding within the mounting cavity under the push of the second top member. The second gear set transmits the motion of the second pushing rack to the second connecting rack, which connects to the second clamping assembly, driving the second clamping assembly away from the machining station along a second direction. This structural design realizes the automatic movement of the clamping components, facilitates clamp replacement, and improves the working efficiency and automation level of the CNC machine tool.

[0016] Optionally, the first gear set and the second gear set have the same structure. The first gear set includes a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, and a third transmission gear, all rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting cavity. The first transmission gear meshes with the first push rack. The second transmission gear is coaxially arranged with the first transmission gear, meshes with the third transmission gear, and meshes with the first connecting rack. The second gear set includes a fourth transmission gear, a fifth transmission gear, and a sixth transmission gear, all rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting cavity. The fourth transmission gear meshes with the second push rack. The fifth transmission gear is coaxially arranged with the fourth transmission gear, meshes with the sixth transmission gear, and meshes with the second connecting rack.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the first gear set and the second gear set have the same structure and are both composed of three transmission gears. The first transmission gear in the first gear set meshes with the first push rack. When the first pusher pushes the first push rack to move, it can transmit the linear motion of the first push rack to the first transmission gear. The second transmission gear is coaxially arranged with the first transmission gear and can transmit the rotation of the first transmission gear synchronously. The second transmission gear meshes with the third transmission gear to further transmit the rotation. The third transmission gear meshes with the first connecting rack and converts the rotation into the linear motion of the first connecting rack, thereby driving the first clamping assembly away from the processing station in the first direction. Similarly, the fourth transmission gear in the second gear set meshes with the second push rack and receives the linear motion of the second push rack. The fifth transmission gear is coaxially arranged with the fourth transmission gear and rotates synchronously. The fifth transmission gear meshes with the sixth transmission gear to transmit the rotation. The sixth transmission gear meshes with the second connecting rack and converts the rotation into the linear motion of the second connecting rack, driving the second clamping assembly away from the processing station in the second direction. This realizes the effective conversion of the motion of the pusher pushing the push rack into the movement of the clamping assembly, which facilitates the replacement of the clamp.

[0018] Optionally, the first push rack is provided with a first pusher, one end of the first pusher is connected to the first push rack, and the other end of the first pusher protrudes from the mounting platform and cooperates with the first top member. The first top member is used to selectively push the second end of the first pusher. The second push rack is provided with a second pusher, one end of the second pusher is connected to the second push rack, and the other end of the second pusher protrudes from the mounting platform and cooperates with the second top member. The second top member is used to selectively push the second end of the second pusher.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the first pusher is connected to the first pusher rack and its other end protrudes from the mounting table, and can cooperate with the first top member. When the first top member pushes the second end of the first pusher, the first pusher rack can move away from the processing table, and then drive the first connecting rack through the first gear set, so that the first connecting rack drives the first clamping assembly away from the processing station in the first direction; the second pusher is connected to the second pusher rack and its other end protrudes from the mounting table, and can cooperate with the second top member. When the second top member pushes the second end of the second pusher, the second pusher rack can move away from the processing table, and then drive the second connecting rack through the second gear set, so that the second connecting rack drives the second clamping assembly away from the processing station in the second direction, thereby realizing the movement and replacement of the clamping mechanism.

[0020] Optionally, the minimum distance between the first pusher and the processing table is greater than a preset distance, and the minimum distance between the second pusher and the processing table is greater than the preset distance. The first top member and the second top member move once within the preset distance to selectively clamp or release the clamping mechanism.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the minimum distance between the first pushing member and the machining table, and the minimum distance between the second pushing member and the machining table, are both greater than the preset distance. This avoids contact between the first and second lifting members and the first pushing member during a single movement. The first and second lifting members move within the preset distance, allowing for flexible and selective clamping or release of the fixture mechanism. This enables the positioning and unlocking of the fixture mechanism, ensuring stable positioning when needed and smooth release when fixture replacement is required. This facilitates fixture replacement operations and improves the convenience and stability of CNC machine tool fixture replacement.

[0022] Optionally, the first replacement component includes a first detection element, which is disposed on a first side of the second clamping component and corresponds to a first pushing station. The first detection element detects the presence or absence of the first clamping component, so that when the tool mechanism stops and the first clamping component is detected, the second top member moves a second time. This second movement of the second top member moves the first clamping component to the machining station and removes it from the machining station. The second replacement component includes a second detection element, which is disposed on a second side of the first clamping component and corresponds to a second pushing station. This second detection element detects the presence or absence of the second clamping component, so that when the tool mechanism stops and the second clamping component is detected, the first top member moves a second time. This second movement of the first top member moves the second clamping component to the machining station and removes it from the machining station. The first pushing station and the second pushing station are located at opposite ends of the machining station. The first pushing station is used to place an idle first clamping component, and the second pushing station is used to place an idle second clamping component.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the first detection component can accurately detect whether the first fixture assembly exists at the first pushing station. When the fixture needs to be changed, when the tool mechanism stops and the first detection component detects the first fixture assembly, it will trigger the second top component to move a second time, thereby moving the first fixture assembly to the machining station to carry out machining work, while simultaneously moving the second fixture assembly away from the machining station. The second detection component can accurately detect whether the second fixture assembly exists at the second pushing station. When the fixture needs to be changed, when the tool mechanism stops and the second detection component detects the second fixture assembly, it will trigger the first top component to move a second time, thereby moving the second fixture assembly to the machining station to carry out machining, while simultaneously moving the first fixture assembly away from the machining station. This realizes the automatic switching of fixture components, improves the automation level and efficiency of CNC machine tool fixture changing, and reduces manual intervention and operational errors.

[0024] Optionally, it also includes a control mechanism, wherein the cutting tool mechanism, the first driving member, the second driving member, the first detection member, and the second detection member are all electrically connected to the control mechanism.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the control mechanism can receive detection signals from the first and second detection components to determine the position and status of the fixture mechanism. Simultaneously, it receives status signals from the tool mechanism, thereby controlling the start and stop status of the tool mechanism to ensure that fixture replacement operations are performed at the appropriate time. The control mechanism can also control the operation of the first and second driving components to achieve the positioning and release of the fixture mechanism, as well as control the primary and secondary movements of the first and second lifting components. This allows for precise control of the replacement mechanism's actions, enabling the first and second fixture assemblies to smoothly move into and out of the machining station, achieving rapid fixture replacement and improving the automation level and work efficiency of the CNC machine tool.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The clamping mechanism is equipped with a first clamping component and a second clamping component. The clamping mechanism is driven to slide by the changing mechanism, which realizes the automatic changing of the clamp, avoids the problems of low efficiency and unstable positioning accuracy of manual clamp changing, and improves the clamp changing efficiency and positioning accuracy. 2. The first and second clamping components of the clamping mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the machining table to selectively fix the clamping mechanism. With the help of the replacement mechanism, the clamping mechanism can be accurately positioned at the machining station, thereby improving the workpiece machining accuracy. 3. The first changing component and the second changing component cooperate with the first clamping component and the second clamping component respectively. They can move one clamping component out of the machining station while moving the other clamping component to the machining station, thus realizing rapid clamping switching, reducing the time cost of changing clamping components, and improving the overall machining efficiency of CNC machine tools. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a CNC machine tool with easily replaceable fixtures according to an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle according to an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism according to an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the changing mechanism when the second clamping assembly of this application is located at the machining station.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tool mechanism and the machining table in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first top component in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Processing table; 11. Baffle; 12. Processing station; 13. First push station; 14. Second push station; 2. Clamping mechanism; 21. First clamping assembly; 211. Base; 212. Clamping body; 22. Second clamping assembly; 231. First positioning groove; 232. Second positioning groove; 24. Connecting cover; 251. First protective cover; 252. Second protective cover; 3. Tooling mechanism; 31. Support frame; 32. Tooling assembly; 4. Clamping mechanism; 41. First clamping assembly; 411. First driving component; 412. First lead screw; 413. First threaded sleeve; 414. First ejector component; 42. Second clamping assembly; 421. Second driving component; 422. Second lead screw; 423. Second threaded sleeve; 424. Second ejector component; 5. Replace the mechanism; 51. First replacement component; 511. First push rack; 512. First gear set; 5121. First transmission gear; 5122. Second transmission gear; 5123. Third transmission gear; 513. First connecting rack; 514. First pusher; 5141. Sliding plate; 515. First detection component; 52. Second replacement component; 521. Second push rack; 522. Second gear set; 5221. Fourth transmission gear; 5222. Fifth transmission gear; 5223. Sixth transmission gear; 523. Second connecting rack; 524. Second pusher; 525. Second detection component; 6. Mounting platform; 61. Sliding groove. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 6 This application will be further described in detail below. In this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, "connection", "linking", and "fixing" are interpreted broadly, including fixed connection, detachable connection, connection to form an integral structure, mechanical connection, electrical connection, direct connection, indirect connection through an intermediary, internal connection, and interaction between two components, etc., and can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" a second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, in the description of this embodiment, terms such as "above," "below," "left," and "right," etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "inner" and "outer" used in this application refer to the outline of the corresponding component itself.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a CNC machine tool (hereinafter referred to as "CNC machine tool") that facilitates fixture replacement. The CNC machine tool includes a machining table 1, a fixture mechanism 2, a tool mechanism 3, a clamping mechanism 4, and a changing mechanism 5. By adopting multiple fixtures and an automatic changing mechanism 5, it can realize automatic switching of fixtures and achieve rapid fixture replacement, thereby improving the fixture replacement efficiency and machining accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0037] The fixture mechanism 2 is slidably mounted on the machining table 1, the tool mechanism 3 cooperates with the machining table 1, the clamping mechanism 4 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the machining table 1 and located on both sides of the sliding direction of the fixture mechanism 2, and the changing mechanism 5 is used to drive the fixture mechanism 2 to slide. The various mechanisms cooperate with each other to reduce manual intervention and changing time, thereby achieving the effect of quick and automatic fixture changing and improving the machining efficiency of CNC machine tools.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, specifically, the machining table 1 has a machining station 12, which is the core area of ​​the entire machining process and provides a stable platform for workpiece machining. The machining station 12 is surrounded by baffles 11 to reduce the flying of debris and other impurities generated in the machining area. The CNC machine tool also includes a dust extraction mechanism for cleaning impurities on the machining table 1. The machining table 1 also has a first pushing station 13 and a second pushing station 14, respectively spaced at both ends of the machining station 12, both used to place idle fixtures. Mounting platforms 6 are located on both sides of the machining table 1, each with a mounting cavity for mounting the changing mechanism 5. The mounting platform 6 has a sliding groove 61 for facilitating the engagement of the clamping mechanism 4 and the changing mechanism 5. The machining table 1 can be made of high-strength cast iron to ensure sufficient rigidity and stability, reducing vibration during machining. The machining table 1 also has a sliding groove for connecting the changing mechanism 5 to the fixture; the sliding groove connects to necessary chip removal grooves to reduce impurity accumulation.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the clamping mechanism 2 includes a first clamping assembly 21 and a second clamping assembly 22. The first clamping assembly 21 and the second clamping assembly 22 are distributed along the sliding direction, connected and moving synchronously, both used to selectively move to the processing station 12. Both the first clamping assembly 21 and the second clamping assembly 22 include a base 211 and a clamping body 212. The base 211 is slidably connected to the processing table 1; the sliding connection method is not limited. The clamping body 212 is disposed on the base 211. The clamping body 212 can be designed according to different workpiece shapes and processing requirements. For example, a three-jaw chuck clamp can be used for round workpieces, and a flat-jaw vise clamp can be used for square workpieces.

[0040] A connecting cover 24 is provided between the first clamping assembly 21 and the second clamping assembly 22. The connecting cover 24 enables the two to move synchronously and reduces the falling of impurities between them, improving sliding reliability. A first protective cover 251 is provided on the side of the first clamping assembly 21 away from the second clamping assembly 22, and a second protective cover 252 is provided on the side of the second clamping assembly 22 away from the first clamping assembly 21. These are used to reduce the falling of impurities along the movement path of the clamping mechanism 2. The first protective cover 251 and the second protective cover 252 can be made of thin stainless steel sheet, which has good protective performance. The first positioning groove 231 and the second positioning groove 232 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 211. They can be rectangular grooves and are used to cooperate with the clamping mechanism 4 to achieve positioning and clamping.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the tool mechanism 3 includes a support frame 31 and a tool assembly 32. The gantry-shaped support frame 31 is mounted above the machining table 1, and the tool assembly 32 is connected to the support frame 31 for machining the workpiece at the machining station 12. The support frame 31 can be welded from steel to ensure sufficient strength and stability. The tool assembly 32 can be equipped with different types of tools, such as milling cutters and drills, depending on the machining process. The tool assembly 32 can be connected to the support frame 31 via a tool holder, which can be adjustable to facilitate adjustment of the tool's position and angle. It is understood that the tool mechanism 3 can utilize existing structures.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the clamping mechanism 4 includes a first clamping component 41 and a second clamping component 42, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the processing table 1 and located on both sides of the sliding direction of the clamping mechanism 2, for clamping the clamping mechanism 2 and selectively fixing it.

[0043] like Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first clamping assembly 41 includes a first driving member 411, a first lead screw 412, a first threaded sleeve 413, and a first top member 414. The first driving member 411 is connected to a mounting platform 6. The axis of the first lead screw 412 extends along the clamping direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the clamping mechanism 2. The first end of the first lead screw 412 is drivenly connected to the output end of the first driving member 411. The first end of the first threaded sleeve 413 is screwed to the second end of the first lead screw 412. The first threaded sleeve 413 is slidably connected to the mounting platform 6. The first top member 414 is connected to the second end of the first threaded sleeve 413, causing the first top member 414 to reciprocate towards or away from the first side of the clamping mechanism 2, thereby achieving clamping or releasing of the clamping mechanism 2. The first driving member 411 can be a servo motor, which has precise control performance. The first lead screw 412 and the first threaded sleeve 413 form a lead screw-nut pair, converting rotary motion into linear motion.

[0044] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the upper cross-sectional area of ​​the first top member 414 is larger than the lower cross-sectional area of ​​the first top member 414. The side of the first top member 414 closest to the processing table 1 has an inclined surface or an arc-shaped surface, so that the side of the lower end of the first top member 414 away from the first threaded sleeve 413 forms a first clearance part, reducing the impact of impurities on the positioning reliability of the fixture mechanism 2. The fixture mechanism 2 is provided with a first positioning groove 231, and the first top member 414 selectively abuts against the first positioning groove 231 for positioning the fixture mechanism 2.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the second clamping assembly 42 is similar to that of the first clamping assembly 41. The second clamping assembly 42 includes a second driving member 421, a second lead screw 422, a second threaded sleeve 423, and a second top member 424. The second driving member 421, such as a motor, is connected to another mounting platform 6. The axis of the second lead screw 422 is collinear with the axis of the first lead screw 412. The first end of the second lead screw 422 is connected to the output end of the second driving member 421. The first end of the second threaded sleeve 423 is screwed to the second end of the second lead screw 422. The second threaded sleeve 423 is slidably connected to the mounting platform 6. The second top member 424 is connected to the second end of the second threaded sleeve 423, causing the second top member 424 to reciprocate towards or away from the second side of the clamping mechanism 2, cooperating with the first clamping assembly 41 to achieve clamping and positioning of the clamping mechanism 2.

[0046] The upper cross-sectional area of ​​the second top member 424 is larger than the lower cross-sectional area of ​​the second top member 424. The side of the second top member 424 closest to the processing table 1 has an inclined surface or an arc-shaped surface, forming a second clearance portion on the side of the lower end of the second top member 424 away from the second threaded sleeve 423, reducing the impact of impurities on the positioning reliability of the clamping mechanism 2. The clamping mechanism 2 is provided with a second positioning groove 232, which is correspondingly arranged on both sides of the clamping mechanism 2 with the first positioning groove 231. The second top member 424 selectively abuts against the second positioning groove 232 for clamping and positioning the clamping mechanism 2.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the replacement mechanism 5 is used to drive the clamping mechanism 2 to slide, so that at most one of the first clamping assembly 41 and the second clamping assembly 42 is located at the machining station 12. The replacement mechanism 5 includes a first replacement assembly 51 and a second replacement assembly 52. ​​The first replacement assembly 51 cooperates with the first clamping assembly 41 to move the first clamping assembly 21 out of the machining station 12 and move the second clamping assembly 22 to the machining station 12 on the machining table 1. The second replacement assembly 52 cooperates with the second clamping assembly 42 to move the second clamping assembly 22 out of the machining station 12 and move the first clamping assembly 21 to the machining station 12 on the machining table 1, thereby realizing the replacement of the clamping assembly on the machining station 12. The first replacement assembly 51 and the second replacement assembly 52 have the same structure and are staggered on both sides of the machining table 1, so that the first replacement assembly 51 and the second replacement assembly 52 drive the clamping mechanism 2 in opposite directions. The first replacement assembly 51 is located on the first side of the first clamping assembly 41, and the second replacement assembly 52 is located on the second side of the second clamping assembly 42. Meanwhile, the staggered arrangement allows for open spaces on both sides of the processing table 1, facilitating the installation or replacement of the fixture body 212, providing an operating position, and effectively utilizing space.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first replacement assembly 51 includes a first push rack 511, a first gear set 512, a first connecting rack 513, and a first detection element 515. The first push rack 511 is slidably connected to the mounting cavity. The first push rack 511 is located on the first side of the first threaded sleeve 413 and cooperates with the first top member 414. The first connecting rack 513 is connected to the first clamping assembly 21. The first gear set 512 meshes with the first push rack 511 and the first connecting rack 513 respectively. When the first top member 414 pushes the first push rack 511 to move away from the processing table 1, the first connecting rack 513 drives the first clamping assembly 21 away from the processing station 12 along the first direction, so that the second clamping assembly 22 moves to the processing station 12.

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a first pushing member 514 is provided on the first pushing rack 511. One end of the first pushing member 514 is connected to the first pushing rack 511, and the other end protrudes from the mounting table 6 through the sliding groove 61 and cooperates with the first top member 414. The first top member 414 protrudes horizontally from the first threaded sleeve 413 and is used to selectively push the second end of the first pushing member 514. A sliding plate 5141 is provided at the first end of the first pushing member 514. The first pushing rack 511 is connected to the corresponding sliding plate 5141. The sliding plate 5141 is slidably connected to the sliding groove 61 and is used to block the sliding groove 61 to reduce the entry of impurities into the mounting cavity. The minimum distance between the first pushing member 514 and the processing table 1 is greater than a preset distance. The first top member 414 moves once within the preset distance to selectively clamp or release the clamping mechanism 2. The first detection element 515 is disposed on the first side of the second clamping assembly 42 and corresponds to the first pushing station 13, and is used to detect the presence or absence of the first clamping assembly 21 on the first pushing station 13.

[0050] The first gear set 512 includes a first transmission gear 5121, a second transmission gear 5122, and a third transmission gear 5123, all rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting cavity. The first transmission gear 5121 meshes with the first push rack 511, the second transmission gear 5122 is coaxially arranged with the first transmission gear 5121, the second transmission gear 5122 meshes with the third transmission gear 5123, and the third transmission gear 5123 meshes with the first connecting rack 513.

[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second replacement assembly 52 includes a second push rack 521, a second gear set 522, a second connecting rack 523, and a second detection element 525. The second push rack 521 is slidably connected to the mounting cavity. The second push rack 521 is located on the second side of the second threaded sleeve 423 and cooperates with the second top member 424. The second connecting rack 523 is connected to the second clamping assembly 22. The second gear set 522 meshes with the second push rack 521 and the second connecting rack 523 respectively. When the second top member 424 pushes the second push rack 521 to move away from the processing table 1, the second connecting rack 523 drives the second clamping assembly 22 away from the processing station 12 in the second direction, so that the first clamping assembly 21 moves to the processing station 12.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a second pushing member 524 is provided on the second pushing rack 521. One end of the second pushing member 524 is connected to the second pushing rack 521, and the other end protrudes from the mounting table 6 through the sliding groove 61 and cooperates with the second top member 424. The second top member 424 protrudes horizontally from the second threaded sleeve 423. The second top member 424 is used to selectively push the second end of the second pushing member 524. A sliding plate 5141 is provided at the first end of the second pushing member 524. The second pushing rack 521 is connected to the corresponding sliding plate 5141. The sliding plate 5141 is slidably connected to the sliding groove 61. The sliding plate 5141 is used to block the sliding groove 61 to reduce impurities from entering the mounting cavity. The minimum distance between the second pushing member 524 and the processing table 1 is greater than a preset distance. The second top member 424 moves once within the preset distance to selectively clamp or release the clamping mechanism 2. A second detection member 525 is provided on the second side of the first clamping assembly 41 and corresponds to the second pushing station 14. It is used to detect the presence or absence of the second clamping assembly 22 on the second pushing station 14. The first pushing station 13 and the second pushing station 14 are located at opposite ends of the processing station 12. The first pushing station 13 is used to place an idle first clamping assembly 21, and the second pushing station 14 is used to place an idle second clamping assembly 22. The first detection element 515 is used to detect whether the first clamping assembly 21 is located at the first pushing station 13, and the second detection element 525 is used to detect whether the second clamping assembly 22 is located at the second pushing station 14, so as to determine the moving direction of the clamping mechanism 2.

[0053] The second gear set 522 includes a fourth transmission gear 5221, a fifth transmission gear 5222, and a sixth transmission gear 5223, all rotatably connected to corresponding mounting cavities. The fourth transmission gear 5221 meshes with the second push rack 521, the fifth transmission gear 5222 is coaxially arranged with the fourth transmission gear 5221, the fifth transmission gear 5222 meshes with the sixth transmission gear 5223, and the sixth transmission gear 5223 meshes with the second connecting rack 523. In this embodiment, the moving directions of the first top member 414 and the second top member are parallel and both perpendicular to the first and second directions. The diameter of the first transmission gear 5121 is smaller than the diameter of the second transmission gear 5122, and the diameter of the fourth transmission gear 5221 is smaller than the diameter of the fifth transmission gear 5222, so that the moving distance is sufficient.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the CNC machine tool also includes a control mechanism, such as a PLC. Components such as the tool mechanism 3, the first drive unit 411, the second drive unit 421, the first detection unit 515, and the second detection unit 525 are all electrically connected to the control mechanism. The control mechanism receives signals from the first detection unit 515 and the second detection unit 525, the status signal of the tool mechanism 3, and controls the status of the tool mechanism 3, as well as controlling the operation of the changing mechanism 5. The heights of the connecting cover 24, the first protective cover 251, and the second protective cover 252 are all lower than the maximum height of the fixture mechanism 2. The first detection unit 515 and the second detection unit 525 detect the part of the fixture mechanism 2 protruding from the connecting cover 24, facilitating accurate detection of the position of the fixture mechanism 2.

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when a fixture needs to be replaced, the control mechanism stops the tool mechanism 3. If both the first detection element 515 and the second detection element 525 detect or fail to detect the fixture mechanism 2, it indicates a fault or the need for repair. If the first detection element 515 detects the fixture mechanism 2 but the second detection element 525 fails to detect it, after the first drive element 411 and the second drive element 421 move once within a preset distance to release the positioning of the fixture mechanism 2, the running time of the second drive element 421 is extended, causing the second top element 424 to move a second time, pushing the second push element 524, causing the fixture mechanism 2 to move along the second direction. At this time, the second fixture assembly 22 is moved to the second push station 14, and the first fixture assembly 21 is moved to the machining station 12. The first clamping assembly 41 changes from the pushed-out state where the first top element 414 is away from the machining table 1 to the ready state where the first top element 414 is close to the machining table 1, so that the first clamping assembly 41 can be used in subsequent operations. During the second movement of the second top member 424, the first top member 414 is pushed to the ejected state. Conversely, if the first detection member 515 does not detect the clamping mechanism 2, but the second detection member 525 detects the clamping mechanism 2, then after the first drive member 411 and the second drive member 421 release the positioning of the clamping mechanism 2 in one movement, the running time of the first drive member 411 is extended, causing the first top member 414 to move a second time, pushing the first push member 514, causing the clamping mechanism 2 to move along the first direction, moving the first clamping assembly 21 to the first push station 13, and the second clamping assembly 22 to the processing station 12, and causing the second clamping assembly 42 to change from the ejected state to the ready state, so that the second clamping assembly 42 can be pushed to the ejected state in the subsequent second movement of the second top member 424. Specifically, the ejected state is the state of replacing the assembly after the top member pushes the push member to move a second time, and the ready state is the state of replacing the assembly before the top member moves a second time.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, both the first detection element 515 and the second detection element 525 can be sensors, such as photoelectric sensors. Before using the CNC machine tool, one of the first fixture assembly 21 and the second fixture assembly 22 is positioned at the machining station 12. Correspondingly, one of the first replacement assembly 51 and the second replacement assembly 52 is in the pushed-out state, and the other is in the ready state, so that the fixture replacement can be carried out smoothly.

[0057] It is understandable that the CNC machine tool also includes necessary structures for connection, support, drive, positioning, limit and control functions, so that the CNC machine tool can operate normally; the shape, size, material and number of each part of the CNC machine tool can be determined as needed, as long as it can achieve the corresponding functions.

[0058] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: This CNC machine tool achieves rapid and automatic fixture replacement by setting up multiple fixture components and corresponding replacement mechanisms 5 and clamping mechanisms 4. During the machining process, according to the machining requirements, the operation of each driving component and detection component is controlled by the control mechanism, enabling the fixture mechanism 2 to move accurately to the machining station 12 and be positioned by the clamping mechanism 4. The replacement mechanism 5 uses gear and rack transmission to move the fixture, improving replacement efficiency. At the same time, the setting of the protective cover and connecting cover 24 reduces the influence of impurities and improves the reliability and stability of the equipment. Compared with the traditional fixture replacement method, it greatly improves machining efficiency and positioning accuracy, reduces manual intervention and replacement time, and lowers the skill requirements and labor intensity of operators.

[0059] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures, characterized in that, include: The processing table (1) is equipped with processing stations (12); The clamping mechanism (2) is slidably disposed on the processing table (1). The clamping mechanism (2) includes a first clamping assembly (21) and a second clamping assembly (22). Both the first clamping assembly (21) and the second clamping assembly (22) are used to selectively move to the processing station (12). The tool mechanism (3) cooperates with the machining table (1) and is used to process the workpiece on the fixture mechanism (2); The clamping mechanism (4) includes a first clamping component (41) and a second clamping component (42). The first clamping component (41) and the second clamping component (42) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the processing table (1), and the first clamping component (41) and the second clamping component (42) are arranged on both sides of the sliding direction of the clamping mechanism (2). The first clamping component (41) and the second clamping component (42) are used to clamp the clamping mechanism (2) so that the clamping mechanism (2) is selectively fixed. A replacement mechanism (5) is used to drive the clamping mechanism (2) to slide so that at most one of the first clamping component (41) and the second clamping component (42) is located at the processing station (12). The replacement mechanism (5) includes a first replacement component (51) and a second replacement component (52). The first replacement component (51) cooperates with the first clamping component (41) to move the first clamping component (21) out of the processing station (12) and move the second clamping component (42) to the processing station (12) on the processing table (1). The second replacement component (52) cooperates with the second clamping component (42) to move the second clamping component (22) out of the processing station (12) and move the first clamping component (41) to the processing station (12) on the processing table (1).

2. The CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first clamping assembly (21) and the second clamping assembly (22) are connected, and the first clamping assembly (21) and the second clamping assembly (22) move synchronously.

3. The CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first replacement component (51) and the second replacement component (52) have the same structure. The first replacement component (51) is located on the first side of the first clamping component (41), and the second replacement component (52) is located on the second side of the second clamping component (42). The first replacement component (51) and the second replacement component (52) are offset on both sides of the processing table (1), so that the first replacement component (51) and the second replacement component (52) drive the clamping mechanism (2) in opposite directions.

4. The CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing table (1) has mounting platforms (6) on both sides. The first clamping assembly (41) and the second clamping assembly (42) have the same structure. The first clamping assembly (41) and the second clamping assembly (42) are respectively mounted on the two mounting platforms (6) for selectively clamping and positioning the clamping mechanism (2). The first clamping assembly (41) includes a first driving member (411), a first lead screw (412), a first threaded sleeve (413), and a first top member (414). The first driving member (411) is connected to one of the mounting platforms (6), and the first end of the first lead screw (412) is connected to the transmission connection. The first drive unit (411) output end, the first end of the first threaded sleeve (413) is screwed to the second end of the first lead screw (412), the first threaded sleeve (413) is slidably connected to the mounting platform (6), the first top member (414) is connected to the second end of the first threaded sleeve (413), so that the first top member (414) moves back and forth in the direction of approaching or moving away from the first side of the clamping mechanism (2), the clamping mechanism (2) is provided with a first positioning groove (231), the first top member (414) selectively abuts against the first positioning groove (231) for positioning the clamping mechanism (2); The second clamping assembly (42) includes a second drive member (421), a second lead screw (422), a second threaded sleeve (423), and a second top member (424). The second drive member (421) is connected to another mounting platform (6). The first end of the second lead screw (422) is drivenly connected to the output end of the second drive member (421). The first end of the second threaded sleeve (423) is screwed to the second end of the second lead screw (422). The second threaded sleeve (423) is slidably connected to the mounting platform (6). The second top member (424) is connected to the second end of the second threaded sleeve (423), causing the second top member (424) to reciprocate towards or away from the second side of the clamping mechanism (2). The clamping mechanism (2) is provided with a second positioning groove (232), which is correspondingly provided on both sides of the clamping mechanism (2) with the first positioning groove (231). The second top member (424) selectively abuts against the second positioning groove (232) for positioning the clamping mechanism (2).

5. The CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting table (6) is provided with a mounting cavity. The first replacement component (51) and the second replacement component (52) are located in the corresponding mounting cavities. The first replacement component (51) includes a first push rack (511), a first gear set (512) and a first connecting rack (513). The first push rack (511) is slidably connected to the mounting cavity. The first push rack (511) is located on the first side of the first threaded sleeve (413) and cooperates with the first top member (414). The first connecting rack (513) is connected to the first clamping assembly (21). The first gear set (512) meshes with the first push rack (511) and the first connecting rack (513) respectively. When the first top member (414) pushes the first push rack (511) to move away from the processing table (1), the first connecting rack (513) drives the first clamping assembly (21) to move away from the processing station (12) in the first direction. The second replacement assembly (52) includes a second push rack (521), a second gear set (522), and a second connecting rack (523). The second push rack (521) is slidably connected to the mounting cavity. The second push rack (521) is located on the second side of the second threaded sleeve (423) and engages with the second top member (424). The second connecting rack (523) is connected to the second clamping assembly (22). The second gear set (522) meshes with the second push rack (521) and the second connecting rack (523) respectively. When the second top member (424) pushes the second push rack (521) to move away from the processing table (1), the second connecting rack (523) drives the second clamping assembly (22) away from the processing station (12) in a second direction.

6. The CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first gear set (512) and the second gear set (522) have the same structure. The first gear set (512) includes a first transmission gear (5121), a second transmission gear (5122), and a third transmission gear (5123) that are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting cavity. The first transmission gear (5121) meshes with the first push rack (511). The second transmission gear (5122) is coaxially arranged with the first transmission gear (5121). The second transmission gear (5122) meshes with the third transmission gear (5123). The third transmission gear (5123) meshes with the first connecting rack (513). The second gear set (522) includes a fourth transmission gear (5221), a fifth transmission gear (5222), and a sixth transmission gear (5223) that are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting cavity. The fourth transmission gear (5221) meshes with the second push rack (521), the fifth transmission gear (5222) is coaxially arranged with the fourth transmission gear (5221), the fifth transmission gear (5222) meshes with the sixth transmission gear (5223), and the sixth transmission gear (5223) meshes with the second connecting rack (523).

7. The CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first push rack (511) is provided with a first push member (514), one end of the first push member (514) is connected to the first push rack (511), and the other end of the first push member (514) protrudes from the mounting platform (6) and cooperates with the first top member (414). The first top member (414) is used to selectively push the second end of the first push member (514). The second push rack (521) is provided with a second push member (524). One end of the second push member (524) is connected to the second push rack (521), and the other end of the second push member (524) protrudes from the mounting platform (6) and cooperates with the second top member (424). The second top member (424) is used to selectively push the second end of the second push member (524).

8. The CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures according to claim 7, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the first pusher (514) and the processing table (1) is greater than a preset distance, and the minimum distance between the second pusher (524) and the processing table (1) is greater than the preset distance. The first top member (414) and the second top member (424) move once within the preset distance to selectively clamp or release the clamping mechanism (2).

9. The CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first replacement assembly (51) includes a first detection element (515), which is located on the first side of the second clamping assembly (42) and corresponds to the first pushing station (13). It is used to detect the presence or absence of the first clamping assembly (21), so that when the tool mechanism (3) stops and the first clamping assembly (21) is detected, the second top member (424) moves a second time. This second movement of the second top member (424) moves the first clamping assembly (21) to the machining station (12) and moves the second clamping assembly (22) out of the machining station (12). The second replacement assembly (52) includes a second detection element (525), which is located on the first side of the first clamping assembly (41). The second side, corresponding to the second push station (14), is used to detect the presence or absence of the second clamping assembly (22), so that when the tool mechanism (3) stops and the second clamping assembly (22) is detected, the first top member (414) moves twice. The second movement of the first top member (414) is used to move the second clamping assembly (22) to the machining station (12) and move the first clamping assembly (21) out of the machining station (12). The first push station (13) and the second push station (14) are located at both ends of the machining station (12). The first push station (13) is used to place the idle first clamping assembly (21), and the second push station (14) is used to place the idle second clamping assembly (22).

10. The CNC machine tool with easily changeable fixtures according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a control mechanism, wherein the cutting tool mechanism (3), the first driving member (411), the second driving member (421), the first detection member (515) and the second detection member (525) are all electrically connected to the control mechanism.

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