Quick battery replacement system for electric vehicle
By using a horizontal slide and adjustable support legs, combined with a flip plate and torque deformation strain gauges, the problem of loose connections and insufficient stability in electric vehicle battery replacement systems during thermal expansion and contraction is solved, enabling safe and reliable battery replacement and real-time monitoring.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGSU NWOW TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing electric vehicle battery replacement systems are prone to loosening at connection points during thermal expansion and contraction, lack real-time health status monitoring, pose significant safety hazards, and lack stability during battery swapping operations.
A horizontal slide table with adjustable temporary support legs, combined with a flip plate and torque strain gauges, enables stable battery installation and real-time monitoring.
Ensures the stability of the operating platform during the battery swapping process, enables safe and reliable battery replacement, and provides real-time detection of battery abnormalities and dual overload protection.
Smart Images
Figure CN122009099A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electric vehicle battery replacement. Background Technology
[0002] Electric vehicle battery replacement systems generally prioritize ease of quick disassembly and installation. Existing systems often employ rigid locking or simple clips to secure the battery, which are ill-suited to adapting to the thermal expansion and contraction during charge-discharge cycles. This can easily lead to loosening of connections or the generation of harmful internal stress. Furthermore, these systems lack real-time monitoring of battery health, particularly failing to detect abnormal expansion such as bulging—signs of impending thermal runaway—posing significant safety hazards. During replacement, the battery tray extending beyond the vehicle body often suffers from insufficient stability due to its cantilever structure, affecting battery alignment and electrical connection accuracy. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a fast battery swapping system for electric vehicles, which improves battery swapping efficiency while significantly enhancing safety and reliability.
[0004] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a quick battery swapping system for electric vehicles, including a quick-swap battery box. An openable door is provided at the front of the quick-swap battery box. Inside the quick-swap battery box is a battery compartment. A horizontal slide is located at the bottom of the battery compartment via a slide rail unit. When the door is open, the horizontal slide slides forward from the battery compartment outside the quick-swap battery box under the guidance of the slide rail unit. A battery mounting platform is fixedly installed on the horizontal slide. A transverse temporary support leg storage slot is provided at the bottom of the horizontal slide. A temporary support leg is horizontally placed in the temporary support leg storage slot, and the length of the temporary support leg is adjustable. One end of the temporary support leg is hinged to one end of the temporary support leg storage slot via a damping hinge. The other end of the temporary support leg is magnetically connected to the other end of the support leg storage slot via a magnetic attractor. When the temporary support leg slides forward from the battery compartment outside the quick-swap battery box following the horizontal slide and guided by the slide rail unit, the temporary support leg can be manually swung downwards around the damping hinge to a vertical orientation, and its length can be adjusted to support the ground.
[0005] Furthermore, a lifting adjustment column is fixedly installed at the rear end of the battery compartment. A horizontal cantilever is vertically connected to the upper end of the lifting adjustment column, and a pressing unit is installed at the end of the horizontal cantilever. The pressing unit is located above the battery mounting platform.
[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a door lock unit that can control the locking and unlocking of the cabinet door.
[0007] Furthermore, four positioning platforms are fixedly installed around the horizontal slide; the four positioning platforms are respectively located on the lower sides of the four sides of the battery mounting platform; each positioning platform is provided with a horizontal groove, and a flip plate is horizontally installed in each horizontal groove; the edge of the battery mounting platform above the position of each positioning platform is hollowed out with a slot, and the inner contour of the slot coincides with the inner contour of the horizontal groove near the end of the battery mounting platform; when the horizontal flip plate swings to change to a vertical position, the flip plate is locked in the slot.
[0008] Furthermore, each horizontal groove is provided with a torque deformation sleeve, and a torque deformation strain gauge is provided along the outer length of the torque deformation sleeve. The torque deformation strain gauge can detect the magnitude of the torque on the torque deformation sleeve. One end of the torque deformation sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to a fixed sleeve, and the fixed sleeve is fixed to the positioning platform by a spline or an embedded form. The other end of the torque deformation sleeve is rotatably engaged with the bearing hole on the positioning platform through a bearing a.
[0009] One end of the flip plate is provided with a through hole for the torque deformation sleeve, which is laterally rotated through the through hole. The inner sides of the two ends of the through hole are respectively rotated with the outer wall of the torque deformation sleeve through the third bearing and the fourth bearing.
[0010] Furthermore, one side of the flip plate is provided with a locking tongue channel and a locking tongue channel b. The extension directions of both locking tongue channels a and b are parallel to the torque deformation sleeve. Locking tongue channel a is further away from the torque deformation sleeve than locking tongue channel b. Locking tongues a and b are respectively guided and slidably arranged in locking tongue channels a and b along the length direction.
[0011] The flip plate has a floating arm floating channel perpendicular to the torque deformation sleeve. The bottom ends of the locking tongue channels a and b are vertically connected to the two ends of the floating arm floating channel. A floating arm is arranged along the length of the floating arm floating channel, and the two ends of the floating arm are vertically fixed to one end of the locking tongue a and one end of the locking tongue b, respectively. The width of the floating arm floating channel is significantly larger than the width of the floating arm, so that the floating arm can float along the width direction in the floating arm floating channel. The flip plate has a spring hole parallel to the torque deformation sleeve, and the spring hole is vertically connected to the side of the floating arm floating channel away from the locking tongue channels a and b. A spring is installed in the spring hole, and one end of the spring applies a vertical thrust to the floating arm, so that the floating arm is parallel to and abuts against the side of the floating arm floating channel away from the spring.
[0012] When the floating arm is parallel to and abuts against the side of the floating arm's floating channel away from the spring, the outer ends of latch a and latch b protrude outside the latch a and latch b channels; when the floating arm is parallel to and abuts against the side of the floating arm's floating channel close to the spring, the outer ends of latch a and latch b are just completely retracted into the latch a and latch b channels.
[0013] Furthermore, when the flip plate is lying horizontally in the horizontal groove, the outer ends of both latch a and latch b are completely retracted into the latch a and latch b channels under the pressure of the inner wall of the horizontal groove; when the horizontal flip plate swings to switch to the vertical position, the outer ends of latch a and latch b are released from the pressure of the inner side of the horizontal groove / jaw, and under the action of the spring, the outer ends of latch a and latch b automatically protrude outward from the latch a and latch b channels.
[0014] Furthermore, when the flip plate is in a fully vertical position, a certain gap is maintained between the bearing surface of the battery mounting platform and the lower side of the protruding portion of the a-lock tongue; a hollow groove is provided at the end of the flip plate near the torque deformation sleeve, and the hollow groove is vertically connected to the b-lock tongue channel through the connecting channel inside the flip plate; a socket ring is provided on the outside of the torque deformation sleeve at the hollow groove via a spline or integrally, and a socket seat is integrally provided at the upper end of the socket ring, with a transversely penetrating socket provided on the socket seat, and a force transmission arm is provided in the connecting channel, the length direction of the force transmission arm is perpendicular to the length direction of the torque deformation sleeve, one end of the force transmission arm is integrally vertically connected to the b-lock tongue, and the other end is fixedly connected to a wedge-shaped insert; the wedge-shaped insert and the socket are mutually adapted; when the flip plate is just in a vertical position, the insert and the socket are aligned; when the outer ends of the b-lock tongue protrude outward from the b-lock tongue channel based on the flip plate being in a vertical position, the insert is embedded in the socket.
[0015] Furthermore, with the door open, the horizontal slide and battery mounting platform are slid forward from inside the battery compartment to outside the quick-change battery box under the guidance of the slide rail unit; the temporary support leg is manually swung downward around the damping hinge to face vertically downward, and its length is adjusted to support the ground; the battery mounting platform, which will carry the battery unit, is stabilized and level outside the quick-change battery box; the battery unit to be positioned is placed flat on the bearing surface of the battery mounting platform, and then the battery unit is slid forward, backward, left, and right to be horizontally centered on the bearing surface of the battery mounting platform; finally, each horizontal flipping plate is manually or with tools swung upward around the torque deformation sleeve to convert it into a vertical state; the four vertical flipping plates achieve a surrounding limit for the battery unit; then, after retracting the temporary support leg upward, the assembled battery unit, horizontal slide, and battery mounting platform are quickly slid backward from outside the battery compartment into the battery compartment of the quick-change battery box under the guidance of the slide rail unit, and then the pressing unit is controlled to press down on the battery unit entering the battery compartment, thereby achieving complete positioning of the battery unit.
[0016] Beneficial effects: This invention employs a horizontal slide table paired with adjustable temporary support legs to ensure absolute stability of the operating platform during battery swapping. When the flip plate is upright, the locking tongue automatically pops out and engages with the coupling mechanism, simultaneously locking the battery enclosure. Torque strain gauges continuously monitor pressure changes and identify anomalies such as bulges. The elastic torque strain sleeve allows for moderate oscillation to buffer stress, while the preset gap and rigid locking tongue limit provide dual overload protection to prevent sensor damage. A single press of the locking tongue simultaneously unlocks and decouples the device, making operation intuitive and simple. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery box as a whole.
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A sectional view;
[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The front view;
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A bottom view;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery mounting platform structure.
[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the battery constrained on the battery mounting platform;
[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial sectional view;
[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flip-up plate;
[0025] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the flip-up plate;
[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure and sensors inside the flip plate. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0028] like Figures 1 to 10 The image shows a fast battery swapping system for electric vehicles, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, it includes a quick-change battery box 39, which is usually fixedly installed in a pre-set mounting compartment at the bottom or rear of the electric vehicle frame. The quick-change battery box 39 has an openable door 46 at the front and also includes a door lock unit 45 that can control the locking and unlocking of the door 46. The door lock unit 45 can be an electromagnetic lock or a motor-driven mechanical lock. A ventilation window 47 is provided on one side of the quick-change battery box 39; the quick-change battery box 39 contains a battery compartment 38, and the bottom of the battery compartment 38 has a horizontal slide 44 via a slide rail unit 43. When the box door 46 is open, the horizontal slide 44 slides forward from the battery compartment 38 out of the quick-change battery box 39 under the guidance of the slide rail unit 43; a battery mounting platform 1 is fixedly installed on the horizontal slide 44, and four positioning platforms 3 are fixedly installed around the horizontal slide 44; a lifting adjustment column 42 is fixedly installed at the rear end inside the battery compartment 38, and a horizontal cantilever 41 is vertically connected to the upper end of the lifting adjustment column 42. A pressing unit 40 is provided at the end of the horizontal cantilever 41; the pressing unit 40 is above the battery mounting platform 1; the pressing unit 40 can be a pneumatic, hydraulic or motor-driven pressure rod, and its pressure head can be equipped with a pressure sensor and a buffer pad, used to apply controllable vertical downward pressure to the battery unit 7 after the battery slides in.
[0029] The bottom of the horizontal slide 44 is provided with a transverse temporary support leg storage groove 36, in which a temporary support leg 37 is horizontally placed. The length of the temporary support leg 37 is adjustable, which can be achieved by using a telescopic sleeve with a locking pin, a threaded rod, or a pneumatic / hydraulic strut to adapt to different ground heights and ensure that the horizontal slide 44 remains horizontal and stable after extension. One end of the temporary support leg 37 is hinged to one end of the temporary support leg storage groove 36 via a damping hinge 90. The damping hinge 90 provides appropriate rotational resistance, allowing the temporary support leg 37 to stop at any angle during swinging, facilitating manual operation and preventing it from dislodging due to vibration when the vehicle is in motion.
[0030] The other end of the temporary support leg 37 is magnetically connected to the other end of the support leg storage slot 36 via a magnetic connector. The magnetic connection facilitates quick fixing and release, ensuring that the temporary support leg 37 is firmly attached to the storage slot in the storage state and will not shake or produce abnormal noise.
[0031] As the temporary support leg 37 slides forward from inside the battery compartment 38 and out of the quick-change battery box 39 under the guidance of the slide rail unit 43, guided by the horizontal slide table 44, the temporary support leg 37 can be manually swung downward around the damping hinge 90 to face vertically downward, and its length can be adjusted to support the ground, thereby improving the support stability when the horizontal slide table 44 slides out of the quick-change battery box 39. This design effectively solves the cantilever beam effect and front-end sinking problem that may occur when the battery mounting platform 1 carries the heavy battery unit 7 and extends completely outside the vehicle body, providing a stable working surface for subsequent battery alignment and positioning operations.
[0032] like Figures 5 to 10 As shown, four positioning platforms 3 are located on the lower sides of the four sides of the battery mounting platform 1, and are all integrally fixed to the edge of the horizontal slide table 44; each positioning platform 3 is provided with a horizontal groove 2, and a flip plate 4 is horizontally arranged in each horizontal groove 2; the edge of the battery mounting platform 1 above the position of each positioning platform 3 is hollowed out with a slot 5, and the inner contour of the slot 5 coincides with the inner contour of the horizontal groove 2 near the end of the battery mounting platform 1; when the horizontally positioned flip plate 4 swings to convert to a vertical position, the flip plate 4 is locked in the slot 5.
[0033] Each horizontal groove 2 is equipped with a torque deformation sleeve 13 arranged laterally. The torque deformation sleeve 13 is made of a material with excellent torsional elasticity and high fatigue strength, such as spring steel. Torque deformation strain gauges 20 are arranged along the outer length of the torque deformation sleeve 13. The torque deformation strain gauges 20 are attached to the surface of the torque deformation sleeve 13 in the form of a bridge circuit. They can detect minute torsional deformations with high sensitivity and convert them into resistance changes. Then, through a signal conditioning circuit, an electrical signal proportional to the magnitude of the torque is output, enabling the torque deformation strain gauges 20 to detect the magnitude of the torque on the torque deformation sleeve 13. One end of the torque deformation sleeve 13 is coaxially fixedly connected to a fixing sleeve 21. The fixing sleeve 21 is fixed to the positioning platform 3 by a spline or an embedded form. The other end of the torque deformation sleeve 13 is rotatably engaged with the bearing hole on the positioning platform 3 through a bearing 17. The bearing 17 provides smooth rotational support for the torque deformation sleeve 13, allowing it to undergo slight torsion when subjected to torque, while allowing the flip plate 4 to swing freely around its axis.
[0034] One end of the flip plate 4 is provided with a torque deformation sleeve through hole 15, through which the torque deformation sleeve 13 rotates laterally and passes through the torque deformation sleeve through hole 15. The inner sides of both ends of the torque deformation sleeve through hole 15 are respectively rotated and engaged with the outer wall of the torque deformation sleeve 13 through the third bearing 18 and the fourth bearing 19. The third bearing 18 and the fourth bearing 19 further ensure the smooth rotation of the flip plate 4 relative to the torque deformation sleeve 13, with minimal friction and no interference with monitoring accuracy due to unnecessary friction loss.
[0035] A locking tongue channel 10 and a locking tongue channel 11 are provided on one side of the flip plate 4. The extension directions of the locking tongue channel 10 and the locking tongue channel 11 are parallel to the torque deformation sleeve 13. The locking tongue channel 10 is further away from the torque deformation sleeve 13 than the locking tongue channel 11. A locking tongue 6 and a locking tongue 7 are respectively guided and slidably arranged in the locking tongue channel 10 and the locking tongue channel 11 along the length direction.
[0036] The interior of the flip plate 4 is equipped with a floating arm floating channel 14 perpendicular to the torque deformation sleeve 13. The bottom ends of the latch channel 10 (a) and latch channel 11 (b) are vertically connected to the two ends of the floating arm floating channel 14, respectively. A floating arm 12 is arranged along the length direction in the floating arm floating channel 14, and the two ends of the floating arm 12 are vertically fixed to one end of the latch 6 (a) and latch 7 (b), respectively. The width of the floating arm floating channel 14 is significantly larger than the width of the floating arm 12, so that the floating arm 12 can float along the width direction in the floating arm floating channel 14. When the latch 6 (a) is pressed from the outside, the floating arm 12 will move horizontally within the channel 14, thereby simultaneously pulling the latch 7 (b) back, and vice versa. The channel width margin allows the floating arm 12 to shift along the width direction under the action of the spring 8, thereby realizing the automatic ejection function of the latch.
[0037] The flip plate 4 has a spring hole 9 inside, parallel to the torque deformation sleeve 13. The spring hole 9 is vertically connected to the side of the floating arm floating channel 14 away from the a-locking tongue channel 10 and b-locking tongue channel 11. A spring 8 is installed in the spring hole 9. One end of the spring 8 applies a vertical thrust to the floating arm 12, so that the floating arm 12 is parallel to and abuts against the side of the floating arm floating channel 14 away from the spring 8. The preload of the spring 8 is calculated to be sufficient to overcome the sliding friction between the locking tongue and the channel, ensuring that the locking tongue can reliably and automatically pop out after the external pressure is released, but it cannot be too large, so as not to affect the feel of manual pressing to unlock.
[0038] When the floating arm 12 is parallel to and abuts against the side of the floating arm floating channel 14 away from the spring 8, the outer ends of latch 6 and latch 7 protrude from latch channel 10 and latch channel 11. When the floating arm 12 is parallel to and abuts against the side of the floating arm floating channel 14 close to the spring 8, the outer ends of latch 6 and latch 7 are completely retracted into latch channel 10 and latch channel 11. When the flip plate 4 is horizontally lying in the horizontal groove 2, the outer ends of latch 6 and latch 7 are completely retracted into latch channel 10 and latch channel 11 under the pressure of the inner wall of the horizontal groove 2.
[0039] When the horizontally tilting plate 4 swings to its vertical position, the outer ends of latches a6 and b7 disengage from the pressure of the inner side of the horizontal groove 2 / jaw 5. Under the action of spring 8, the outer ends of latches a6 and b7 automatically protrude outward from latches a6 channels 10 and b6 channels 11. When the tilting plate 4 is in a fully vertical position, a certain gap is maintained between the bearing surface 1a of the battery mounting platform 1 and the lower side of the protruding portion of latch a6. This gap allows the tilting plate 4 to swing slightly outward when the torque deformation sleeve 13 undergoes elastic torsion within the normal range, thus preventing latch a6 from prematurely making rigid contact with the battery mounting platform 1 and interfering with torque monitoring. This gap is only eliminated when the battery undergoes severe abnormal expansion, causing the torque to exceed the limit, and latch a6 transforms into a rigid stop, providing overload protection.
[0040] A hollow groove 26 is provided at one end of the flip plate 4 near the torque deformation sleeve 13. The hollow groove 26 is vertically connected to the locking tongue channel 11 through the connecting channel 51 inside the flip plate 4. A fitting ring 25 is provided on the outside of the torque deformation sleeve 13 at the hollow groove 26 through a spline or integrally. The fitting ring 25 is rigidly connected to the torque deformation sleeve 13, and its angle position directly reflects the torsional state of the torque deformation sleeve 13.
[0041] A locking seat 23 is integrally provided on the upper end of the locking ring 25. A transversely penetrating locking slot 24 is synchronously provided on the locking seat 23. A force transmission arm 16 is provided in the connecting channel 51. The length direction of the force transmission arm 16 is perpendicular to the length direction of the torque deformation sleeve 13. One end of the force transmission arm 16 is integrally and vertically connected to the b-locking tongue 7, and the other end is fixedly connected to the wedge-shaped locking head 22. The wedge-shaped locking head 22 and the locking slot 24 are mutually adapted. When the flip plate 4 is in the vertical state, the locking head 22 is aligned with the locking slot 24. When the flip plate 4 is in the vertical state and the outer ends of the b-locking tongue 7 protrude outward from the b-locking tongue channel 11, the locking head 22 is inserted into the locking slot 24. Only when the flip plate 4 is fully upright and the locking tongue automatically pops out into place will the locking head 22 be inserted into the locking slot 24, realizing the circumferential coupling between the flip plate 4 and the torque deformation sleeve 13. Subsequently, any lateral pressure from the battery on the flip plate 4 will be directly and without slippage transmitted to the torque deformation sleeve 13 through the cooperation of the insert 22-insert 24-insert ring 25, and accurately detected by the torque deformation strain gauge 20, ensuring that the torque monitoring signal comes directly from the lateral force of the battery and eliminating other interference factors.
[0042] Working principle:
[0043] With the door 46 open, the horizontal slide 44 and the battery mounting platform 1 are slid forward from inside the battery compartment 38 and out of the quick-change battery box 39 under the guidance of the slide rail unit 43; the temporary support leg 37 is manually swung downward around the damping hinge 90 to face vertically downward, and its length is adjusted to support the ground; so that the battery mounting platform 1, which will carry the battery unit 7, is stably horizontal outside the quick-change battery box 39.
[0044] In the initial state, the four flip plates 4 around the battery mounting platform 1 lie horizontally in their respective horizontal grooves 2. At this time, the four flip plates 4 are all lower than the bearing surface 1a of the battery mounting platform 1. Then, the battery unit 7 to be positioned is placed flat on the bearing surface 1a of the battery mounting platform 1. Then, the battery unit 7 is slid forward, backward, left and right to make the battery unit 7 horizontally centered on the bearing surface 1a of the battery mounting platform 1. Finally, manually or with the help of tools, each lying flip plate 4 is swung upward around the torque deformation sleeve 13 to convert it into a vertical state.
[0045] During the process of the horizontally rotating plate 4 swinging upward around the torque deformation sleeve 13 but not yet fully transforming into a vertical state, at least one of the outer ends of the locking tongue 6 and the locking tongue 7 is pressed by the inner side of the horizontal groove 2 / jaw 5. Therefore, the outer ends of the locking tongue 6 and the locking tongue 7 are always fully retracted into the locking tongue channel 10 and the locking tongue channel 11. The insert 22 and the insert 24 are in a decoupled state, and the torque deformation strain gauge 20 detects that the torque on the torque deformation sleeve 13 is zero.
[0046] When the horizontally tilting plate 4 swings upward around the torque deformation sleeve 13 until it is completely transformed into a vertical state, the insert 22 aligns with the slot 24. At the same time, the outer ends of the locking tongue 6 and the locking tongue 7 are released from the pressure of the inner side of the horizontal groove 2 / jaw 5. Under the action of the spring 8, the outer ends of the locking tongue 6 and the locking tongue 7 automatically protrude outward from the locking tongue channel 10 and the locking tongue channel 11. At the same time, the insert 22 is inserted into the slot 24, so that the vertically tilting plate 4 and the torque deformation sleeve 13 enter a synchronous coupling state. At the same time, there is a certain gap between the bearing surface 1a of the battery mounting platform 1 and the lower side of the protruding part of the locking tongue 6.
[0047] At this point, the four sides of the battery unit 7, supported on the battery mounting platform 1, are respectively fitted with four vertically shaped flip plates 4; the four vertically shaped flip plates 4 provide enclosed and restrained positioning for the battery unit 7; the pressure of the sides of the battery unit 7 on the inner sides of the flip plates 4 is converted into torque on the torque deformation sleeve 13, and the torque deformation strain gauge 20 detects the initial torque M on the torque deformation sleeve 13. Therefore, the torque M measured by the torque deformation strain gauge 20 directly reflects the initial lateral pressure state after the battery assembly is completed. This initial value M can be used as a reference point for subsequent monitoring, and its magnitude is related to factors such as the alignment accuracy of the battery and the mounting platform, the external tolerance of the battery itself, and the ambient temperature. The system can record and learn this initial value.
[0048] Then, the wiring harness and electrical connectors on battery cell 7 are electrically connected to the socket on battery mounting platform 1; at this point, the initial assembly of the battery is complete.
[0049] Then, after retracting the temporary support leg 37 upwards, the assembled battery unit 7, horizontal slide table 44 and battery mounting platform 1 are quickly slid from outside the battery compartment 38 into the battery compartment 38 of the quick-change battery box 39 under the guidance of the slide rail unit 43. Then, the pressing unit 40 is controlled to press down on the battery unit 7 that has entered the battery compartment 38, thereby achieving complete positioning of the battery unit 7.
[0050] Under normal thermal expansion and contraction conditions, the torque measured by the torque strain gauge 20 fluctuates within a predetermined range with M as the reference. At the same time, when the electric vehicle brakes and accelerates, the torque measured by the torque strain gauge 20 will also detect pulse changes, and the system will automatically filter out the pulse changes of the torque measured by the torque strain gauge 20.
[0051] When the battery cell 7 expands abnormally, the continuous pressure on the flip plate 4 from the battery cell 7 increases significantly, far exceeding the preset fluctuation value. At this time, the non-pulse continuous abnormal torque identified by the torque strain gauge 20 is used as a basis to judge that the battery has problems such as bulging, reminding the user of the fault and actively making the decision to cut off the power.
[0052] In this case, the torque deformation sleeve 13 has a certain degree of elasticity, which allows the flip plate 4 to slightly twist when subjected to pressure from the side of the battery cell 7. This causes the flip plate 4 to slightly oscillate around the torque deformation sleeve 13 when subjected to pressure from the side of the battery cell 7, thereby relieving pressure, avoiding excessive internal stress, and ensuring continuous monitoring. This elastic design not only protects the battery casing from damage caused by hard compression, but also keeps the pressure-torque conversion relationship within the linear sensitive range, improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring.
[0053] When the torque strain gauge 20 of the torque deformation sleeve 13 is twisted beyond its range, the swing angle of the flip plate 4 makes the gap between the bearing surface 1a of the battery mounting platform 1 and the lower side of the outwardly protruding locking tongue 6 become zero. The locking tongue 6 begins to apply rigid limit to the flip plate 4, preventing the flip plate 4 from swinging outward further and avoiding damage to the torque deformation sleeve 13 and the torque strain gauge 20.
[0054] When it is necessary to release the positioning of the battery unit 7, press the outward protruding part of the a-locking tongue 6 on one side of each flip plate 4, so that the a-locking tongue 6 is fully retracted into the a-locking tongue channel 10. Under the action of the floating arm 12, the outer end of the b-locking tongue 7 will also be fully retracted into the b-locking tongue channel 11. The insert 22 slides out and separates from the insert 24, thereby releasing the locking state of each flip plate 4. The flip plates 4 that are released from the locking state can then be swung downward around the torque deformation sleeve 13 to lie down.
[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fast battery swapping system for electric vehicles, characterized in that: The device includes a quick-change battery box (39), which has an openable door (46) at the front. Inside the quick-change battery box (39) is a battery compartment (38). The bottom of the battery compartment (38) has a horizontal slide (44) via a slide rail unit (43). When the door (46) is open, the horizontal slide (44) slides forward from inside the battery compartment (38) and out of the quick-change battery box (39) under the guidance of the slide rail unit (43). A battery mounting platform (1) is fixedly installed on the horizontal slide (44). The bottom of the horizontal slide (44) is provided with a transverse temporary support leg storage groove (36), and a temporary support leg (37) is placed horizontally in the temporary support leg storage groove (36). The length of the temporary support leg (37) is adjustable. One end of the temporary support leg (37) is hinged to one end of the temporary support leg storage slot (36) via a damping hinge (90); the other end of the temporary support leg (37) is magnetically connected to the other end of the support leg storage slot (36) via a magnetic attractor; when the temporary support leg (37) slides forward from the battery compartment (38) and out of the quick-change battery box (39) under the guidance of the slide rail unit (43) along the horizontal slide table (44), the temporary support leg (37) can be manually swung downward around the damping hinge (90) to face vertically downward, and its length can be adjusted to support the ground.
2. The electric vehicle quick battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting adjustment column (42) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the battery compartment (38). A horizontal cantilever (41) is vertically connected to the upper end of the lifting adjustment column (42). A pressing unit (40) is provided at the end of the horizontal cantilever (41). The pressing unit (40) is located above the battery mounting platform (1).
3. The electric vehicle quick battery swapping system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a door lock unit (45) that can control the locking and unlocking of the box door (46).
4. The electric vehicle quick battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four positioning platforms (3) are fixedly arranged around the horizontal slide (44); the four positioning platforms (3) are respectively located on the lower side of the four sides of the battery mounting platform (1); each positioning platform (3) is provided with a horizontal groove (2), and each horizontal groove (2) is provided with a flip plate (4) lying down; the edge of the battery mounting platform (1) above the position of each positioning platform (3) is hollowed out with a slot (5), and the inner contour of the slot (5) coincides with the inner contour of the horizontal groove (2) near the end of the battery mounting platform (1); when the lying flip plate (4) swings to the vertical position, the flip plate (4) is locked in the slot (5).
5. The electric vehicle quick battery swapping system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each horizontal groove (2) is provided with a torque deformation sleeve (13) in the horizontal direction. A torque deformation strain gauge (20) is provided along the length of the outer edge of the torque deformation sleeve (13). The torque deformation strain gauge (20) can detect the magnitude of the torque on the torque deformation sleeve (13). One end of the torque deformation sleeve (13) is coaxially fixedly connected to a fixing sleeve (21). The fixing sleeve (21) is fixed to the positioning platform (3) by a spline or an embedded form. The other end of the torque deformation sleeve (13) is rotatably engaged with the bearing hole on the positioning platform (3) through a bearing (17). One end of the flip plate (4) is provided with a torque deformation sleeve through hole (15) in the horizontal direction. The torque deformation sleeve (13) rotates laterally through the torque deformation sleeve through hole (15). The inner sides of the two ends of the torque deformation sleeve through hole (15) are rotatably engaged with the outer wall of the torque deformation sleeve (13) through a third bearing (18) and a fourth bearing (19) respectively.
6. The electric vehicle quick battery swapping system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A locking tongue channel (10) and a locking tongue channel (11) are provided on one side of the flip plate (4). The extension directions of the locking tongue channel (10) and the locking tongue channel (11) are parallel to the torque deformation sleeve (13). The locking tongue channel (10) is further away from the torque deformation sleeve (13) than the locking tongue channel (11). The locking tongue (6) and the locking tongue (7) are respectively guided and slidably arranged in the locking tongue channel (10) and the locking tongue channel (11) along the length direction. The interior of the flip plate (4) is provided with a floating arm floating channel (14) perpendicular to the torque deformation sleeve (13). The bottom ends of the a-lock tongue channel (10) and the b-lock tongue channel (11) are respectively vertically connected to the two ends of the floating arm floating channel (14). A floating arm (12) is provided in the floating arm floating channel (14) along the length direction. The two ends of the floating arm (12) are respectively vertically fixed to one end of the a-lock tongue (6) and the b-lock tongue (7). The width of the floating arm floating channel (14) is significantly larger than the width of the floating arm (12), so that the floating arm (12) The floating arm can float in the width direction in the floating channel (14); the inside of the flip plate (4) is provided with a spring hole (9) parallel to the torque deformation sleeve (13), the spring hole (9) is vertically connected to the side of the floating arm floating channel (14) away from the a locking tongue channel (10) and the b locking tongue channel (11); a spring (8) is provided in the spring hole (9), one end of the spring (8) applies a vertical thrust to the floating arm (12), so that the floating arm (12) is parallel to the side of the floating arm floating channel (14) away from the spring (8). With the floating arm (12) parallel to the side of the floating arm floating channel (14) away from the spring (8), the outer ends of the locking tongue (6) and the locking tongue (7) protrude outside the locking tongue channel (10) and the locking tongue channel (11); With the floating arm (12) parallel to the side of the floating arm channel (14) near the spring (8), the outer ends of the latch (6) and latch (7) are completely retracted into the latch (10) and latch (11) channels.
7. A fast battery swapping system for electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: With the flip plate (4) lying horizontally in the horizontal groove (2), the outer ends of the a-locking tongue (6) and the b-locking tongue (7) are completely retracted into the a-locking tongue channel (10) and the b-locking tongue channel (11) under the pressure of the inner wall of the horizontal groove (2); When the reclining flip plate (4) swings to the vertical position, the outer ends of the a-locking tongue (6) and the b-locking tongue (7) are released from the pressure of the inner side of the horizontal groove (2) / jaw (5). Under the action of the spring (8), the outer ends of the a-locking tongue (6) and the b-locking tongue (7) automatically protrude outward from the a-locking tongue channel (10) and the b-locking tongue channel (11).
8. The electric vehicle quick battery swapping system according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the flip plate (4) is in a fully vertical state, a certain gap is maintained between the bearing surface (1a) of the battery mounting platform (1) and the lower side of the outwardly protruding latch (6); A hollow groove (26) is provided at one end of the flip plate (4) near the torque deformation sleeve (13). The hollow groove (26) is vertically connected to the b locking tongue channel (11) through the connecting channel (51) in the flip plate (4). A spline or integrally provided insert ring (25) is provided on the outside of the torque deformation sleeve (13) at the hollow groove (26). An insert seat (23) is integrally provided on the upper end of the insert ring (25). A transverse through insert (24) is provided on the insert seat (23). A force transmission arm (16) is provided in the connecting channel (51). The length direction of the force transmission arm (16) is perpendicular to the length direction of the torque deformation sleeve (13). One end of the force transmission arm (16) is integrally and vertically connected to the b locking tongue (7), and the other end is fixedly connected to the wedge-shaped insert (22). The wedge-shaped insert (22) and the insert (24) are adapted to each other. When the flip plate (4) is in a vertical position, the insert (22) is aligned with the socket (24); when the flip plate (4) is in a vertical position, and the outer ends of the latch (7) protrude outward from the latch channel (11), the insert (22) is embedded in the socket (24).
9. The method for operating a fast battery swapping system for an electric vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: With the door (46) open, the horizontal slide (44) and the battery mounting platform (1) are slid forward from inside the battery compartment (38) and out of the quick-change battery box (39) under the guidance of the slide rail unit (43); the temporary support leg (37) is manually swung downward around the damping hinge (90) to face vertically downward, and its length is adjusted to support the ground; so that the battery mounting platform (1) that will carry the battery unit (7) is stably horizontal outside the quick-change battery box (39); Place the battery unit (7) to be positioned flat on the bearing surface (1a) of the battery mounting platform (1), and then slide the battery unit (7) back and forth and left and right to make the battery unit (7) horizontally centered on the bearing surface (1a) of the battery mounting platform (1); finally, manually or by using tools, swing each lying flip plate (4) upward around the torque deformation sleeve (13) until it is converted into a vertical state. Four vertically shaped flip plates (4) enclose and limit the battery unit (7); then, after the temporary support legs (37) are retracted upwards, the assembled battery unit (7), horizontal slide (44) and battery mounting platform (1) are quickly slid from outside the battery compartment (38) into the battery compartment (38) of the quick-change battery box (39) under the guidance of the slide rail unit (43). Then, the pressing unit (40) is controlled to press down on the battery unit (7) that has entered the battery compartment (38), thereby achieving complete positioning of the battery unit (7).