Explosive conveying and mixing device and on-site mixed loading ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive truck

Abstract

The invention provides an explosive conveying and mixing device and an on-site mixed loading ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive truck, the explosive conveying and mixing device comprises a star-shaped blanking valve, a gas supply mechanism, an injection mixing mechanism and an oil supply mechanism, and the discharging end of the star-shaped blanking valve, the gas outlet end of the gas supply mechanism and the discharging end of the oil supply mechanism are all communicated with the feeding end of the injection mixing mechanism; the star-shaped discharging valve comprises a valve body, a valve element and a driving part, a feeding port and a discharging port are formed in the valve body, the valve element is rotationally arranged in the valve body, a transfer cavity is formed in the periphery of the valve element and spirally arranged in the circumferential direction, and the driving part is connected with the valve element and used for driving the valve element to transfer ammonium nitrate from the feeding port to the discharging port. And the discharge hole is communicated with the feeding end of the jet mixing mechanism. The valve element is driven by the driving piece to rotate, ammonium nitrate in the transfer cavity is gradually discharged at a constant speed, the amount of ammonium nitrate discharged in unit time is equal, the mixing ratio of ammonium nitrate to diesel oil tends to be stable, and stability of explosive performance is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ammonium nitrate explosive on-site mixing equipment, specifically to an explosive conveying and mixing device and an on-site ammonium nitrate explosive mixing vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) explosives are powdered or granular industrial explosives made by mixing ammonium nitrate as an oxidant and diesel fuel as a combustible agent. The uniformity of the mixture and the uniformity of the mixing ratio of the two materials directly affect the performance of the ANFO explosives after mixing.

[0003] Existing methods for mixing ammonium nitrate (ANN) explosives generally involve mechanical stirring or pneumatic mixing. Mechanical stirring typically uses helical blades, which can easily rub against the conveying cylindrical mixing tube, potentially causing frictional heat and posing a safety hazard. In contrast, existing pneumatic mixing devices suffer from unstable flow rates of porous ammonium nitrate particles during mixing, leading to inconsistent flow rates during transport and mixing. Since the injected diesel fuel flow rate remains constant, fluctuations in the ammonium nitrate to diesel fuel ratio can occur, ultimately affecting the performance of the mixed ANN explosive.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for an explosives delivery and mixing device to solve, or at least partially solve, the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an explosive conveying and mixing device, which aims to solve the problem of unstable mixing ratios in existing pneumatic mixing equipment for ammonium nitrate (ANN) explosives, thus affecting the explosive performance of ANN explosives. The specific technical solution is as follows: An explosive conveying and mixing device includes a star-shaped feed valve, a gas supply mechanism, a jet mixing mechanism, and an oil supply mechanism. The discharge end of the star-shaped feed valve, the gas supply mechanism, and the oil supply mechanism are all connected to the inlet end of the jet mixing mechanism. The star-shaped feed valve includes a valve body, a valve core, and a drive component. The valve body is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The valve core is rotatably arranged in the valve body, and a transfer cavity is provided on the outer periphery of the valve core. The transfer cavity is arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference. The valve core is used to transfer material from the inlet to the outlet. The drive component is mounted on the valve body, and the output end of the drive component is coaxially and fixedly connected to the valve core. The outlet is connected to the inlet end of the jet mixing mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the injection mixing mechanism includes a diesel injection pipe, a nozzle, a fuel supply pipe, and a venturi tube. The venturi tube is arranged at the downstream end of the diesel injection pipe, the fuel supply pipe is arranged on the diesel injection pipe and extends radially into the diesel injection pipe; the nozzle is arranged at the end of the fuel supply pipe located inside the diesel injection pipe and facing the end of the venturi tube; the inlet end of the venturi tube faces the diesel injection pipe; the outlet end of the air supply mechanism is connected to the feed end of the fuel supply pipe, and the outlet is connected to the feed end of the diesel injection pipe; the outlet end of the fuel supply mechanism is connected to the diesel injection pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the air outlet of the air supply mechanism is connected to the discharge port, and the air outlet of the air supply mechanism is arranged on the side of the discharge port away from the spray mixing mechanism, and the air outlet of the air supply mechanism is arranged towards the spray mixing mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the valve core includes a rotating shaft and helical blades. The helical blades are fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the rotating shaft. Multiple helical blades are arranged and spaced apart along the circumference of the rotating shaft, forming a transfer cavity between adjacent helical blades. The valve core also includes end plates. Two end plates are provided and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the two end plates are respectively arranged at both ends of the helical blades.

[0009] Preferably, the fuel supply pipe includes a straight section and a circular arc transition section. The straight section extends radially into the diesel injection pipe, and the circular arc transition section is arranged at one end of the straight section inside the diesel injection pipe, with the circular arc transition section bent toward the end of the venturi tube. The nozzle is arranged at the end of the circular arc transition section away from the straight section.

[0010] Preferably, the arc of the transition segment is a quarter-circle arc.

[0011] Preferably, the nozzle is detachably connected to the arc transition section by means of threaded connection or snap-fit.

[0012] Preferably, the diesel injection pipe is provided with a mounting hole and a square flange sealing boss, the square flange sealing boss is arranged at the mounting hole and surrounds the mounting hole; the fuel supply pipe also includes a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the straight section; it also includes fasteners, the mounting seat is detachably connected to the square flange sealing boss by the fasteners.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a dispensing mechanism, which includes a main pipe, multiple branch pipes and control valves. The feed end of the main pipe is connected to the discharge end of the venturi tube, and the discharge end of the main pipe is simultaneously connected to the feed ends of the multiple branch pipes. Multiple control valves are arranged and installed on the branch pipes, with each control valve corresponding to one of the branch pipes.

[0014] On the other hand, this application also provides a vehicle for on-site mixing of ammonium nitrate explosives, including a vehicle chassis and a storage tank installed on the vehicle chassis, and also includes the aforementioned explosive conveying and mixing device. The explosive conveying and mixing device is installed on the vehicle chassis, and the valve body is installed at the bottom of the storage tank, with the inlet of the valve body connected to the outlet of the storage tank.

[0015] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The valve core is driven to rotate by a drive component. Since the transfer chamber on the valve core is spiral-shaped, ammonium nitrate in the storage tank will gradually fill the transfer chamber during the rotation of the valve core. As the valve core rotates, the ammonium nitrate particles in the transfer chamber are gradually and uniformly discharged from the outlet. Through this structural design, the amount of ammonium nitrate discharged per unit time is equal, thereby stabilizing the mixing ratio of ammonium nitrate and diesel, and thus ensuring the stable performance of the mixed ammonium nitrate explosive.

[0016] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention after removing the dispensing mechanism; Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the star-shaped feed valve in an explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention after removing the sub-packaging mechanism; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dispensing mechanism in an explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the dispensing mechanism in an explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the star-shaped feed valve in an explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the valve body in an explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the valve core in an explosive conveying and mixing device according to the present invention; Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second cross-section of the valve body in an explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first cross-section of the valve body in an explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the spray mixing mechanism in an explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the jet mixing mechanism in an explosive conveying and mixing device of the present invention.

[0018] The components include: 1. Air supply mechanism; 2. Star-shaped discharge valve; 21. Valve body; 211. Feed inlet; 212. Discharge outlet; 213. Air inlet; 22. Valve core; 221. Rotating shaft; 222. Spiral blade; 223. End plate; 224. First seal; 225. Baffle; 226. Transfer chamber; 23. Drive component; 24. Fastener; 3. Injection mixing mechanism; 31. Diesel injection pipe; 311. Mounting hole; 312. Square flange sealing boss; 313. Sensor mounting port; 32. Nozzle; 33. Oil supply pipe; 331. Straight section; 332. Arc transition section; 333. Mounting seat; 34. Venturi tube; 35. Sealing gasket; 4. Oil supply mechanism; 5. Dispensing mechanism; 51. Main pipe; 52. Branch pipe; 53. Control valve; 6. Vehicle chassis; 7. Storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description is provided below, along with preferred embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0021] Example: See Figures 1-12This embodiment provides an explosive conveying and mixing device, including a star-shaped feeding valve 2, a gas supply mechanism 1, a jet mixing mechanism 3, and an oil supply mechanism 4. The discharge end of the star-shaped feeding valve 2, the gas supply mechanism 1, and the oil supply mechanism 4 are all connected to the inlet end of the jet mixing mechanism 3. The star-shaped feeding valve 2 includes a valve body 21, a valve core 22, and a drive component 23. The valve body 21 is provided with an inlet 211 and an outlet 212. The valve core 22 is rotatably arranged inside the valve body 21. A transfer cavity 226 is provided on the outer periphery of the valve core 22. The transfer cavity 226 is arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference. The valve core 22 is used to transfer the material from the inlet 211 to the outlet 212. The drive component 23 is installed on the valve body 21, and the output end of the drive component 23 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the valve core 22. The outlet 212 is connected to the inlet end of the jet mixing mechanism 3.

[0022] Research revealed that during the mixing of porous ammonium nitrate and diesel fuel, the diesel supply flow rate is primarily determined by the diesel supply pressure and the size of the injection nozzle 32. Maintaining a stable diesel pressure ensures that the amount of diesel injected per unit time is essentially equal. Therefore, the fluctuation in the ammonium nitrate-diesel mixing ratio is mainly due to unstable ammonium nitrate delivery, not unstable diesel fuel flow. Experiments showed that existing ammonium nitrate is primarily fed via a butterfly valve. However, the friction between ammonium nitrate particles can cause jamming during feeding, resulting in intermittent discharge. This intermittent discharge leads to an unstable mixing ratio when mixed with the steadily injected diesel fuel.

[0023] After the above improvements, the valve core 22 is driven to rotate by the drive component 23. Since the transfer cavity 226 on the valve core 22 is spiral, during the rotation of the valve core 22, the ammonium nitrate in the storage tank 7 will gradually fill the transfer cavity 226 through the feed port 211 on the valve body 21. As the valve core 22 rotates, the ammonium nitrate particles in the transfer cavity 226 are gradually and uniformly discharged from the discharge port 212. Specifically, during the rotation of the valve core 22, different positions of the spiral-shaped transfer chamber 226 can sequentially connect with the feed port 211, allowing the material at the feed port 211 to continuously enter the transfer chamber 226. Simultaneously, during the rotation of the valve core 22, different positions of the spiral-shaped transfer chamber 226 can sequentially connect with the discharge port 212, thereby uniformly and continuously discharging the material in the transfer chamber 226 to the discharge port 212. By arranging the transfer chamber 226 in a spiral shape, the technical effect of uniform material discharge is achieved. This structural design ensures that the amount of ammonium nitrate discharged per unit time is equal, thereby stabilizing the mixing ratio of ammonium nitrate and diesel, and thus ensuring the stable performance of ammonium nitrate and diesel after mixing.

[0024] When it is necessary to increase the amount of material discharged by the discharge valve, the rotation speed of the valve core 22 is increased, so that more material is transferred in the transfer chamber 226 at the same time, thereby increasing the amount of material discharged by the discharge valve per unit time; when it is necessary to reduce the amount of material discharged by the discharge valve, the rotation speed of the valve core 22 is reduced, thereby reducing the amount of material discharged per unit time.

[0025] Preferably, multiple transfer chambers 226 are arranged circumferentially around the outer periphery of the valve core 22, and the multiple transfer chambers 226 are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the valve core 22. By arranging multiple transfer chambers 226 at circumferential intervals and in a spiral shape, the uniformity of material feeding is further improved. Furthermore, the amount of material fed increases with each rotation of the valve core 22, so that the flow rate is greater while the volume of the valve body 21 remains unchanged.

[0026] Specifically, the air supply mechanism 1 sprays air towards one end of the injection mixing mechanism 3. The star-shaped feed valve 2 is provided with an air inlet 213, which is connected to the discharge port 212. The air inlet 213 and the discharge port 212 are arranged coaxially. The air sprayed by the air supply mechanism 1 blows the ammonium nitrate particles discharged from the valve core 22 of the star-shaped feed valve 2 toward the injection mixing mechanism 3. The gas drives the ammonium nitrate particles to move and is transported into the injection mixing mechanism 3. At the same time, the oil supply mechanism 4 provides diesel fuel to the injection mixing mechanism 3, so that the diesel fuel and ammonium nitrate particles are fully mixed in the injection mixing mechanism 3. Finally, qualified ammonium nitrate explosive is output from the discharge end of the injection mixing mechanism 3.

[0027] It should be noted that the air supply mechanism 1 is located upstream of the star-shaped discharge valve 2, while the injection mixing mechanism 3 and the oil supply mechanism 4 are both located downstream of the star-shaped discharge valve 2. This sequential arrangement allows the gas injected by the air supply mechanism 1 to smoothly move the dry ammonium nitrate particles discharged from the outlet 212 of the star-shaped discharge valve 2, facilitating their mixing with the diesel fuel injected by the injection mixing mechanism 3 during the movement. This arrangement enables the ammonium nitrate particles to move along with the gas output from the air supply mechanism 1, achieving conveying. Simultaneously, the entrainment of the gas by the ammonium nitrate particles promotes mixing and agitation with the diesel fuel, improving the uniformity of the mixture.

[0028] In some other embodiments of this application, multiple star-shaped feed valves 2 are arranged in series. Specifically, the outlet 212 of one star-shaped feed valve 2 is connected to the air inlet 213 of the next star-shaped feed valve 2 to achieve series connection.

[0029] Preferably, the star-shaped feed valve 2 further includes a fastener 24, and the drive element 23 is detachably connected to the valve body 21 via the fastener 24. Specifically, the drive element 23 is an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, and the fastener 24 is a bolt or screw. The drive element 23 drives the valve core 22 to rotate, thereby causing the transfer chamber 226 on the valve core 22 to transfer the material at the inlet 211 to the outlet 212. By adjusting the output speed of the drive element 23, the speed of the valve core 22 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the material output.

[0030] Preferably, the injection mixing mechanism 3 includes a diesel injection pipe 31, a nozzle 32, a fuel supply pipe 33, and a venturi pipe 34. The venturi pipe 34 is arranged at the downstream end of the diesel injection pipe 31, and the fuel supply pipe 33 is arranged on the diesel injection pipe 31 and extends radially into the diesel injection pipe 31. The nozzle 32 is arranged at one end of the fuel supply pipe 33 located inside the diesel injection pipe 31, and the nozzle 32 is arranged facing the end of the venturi pipe 34. The inlet end of the venturi pipe 34 is arranged facing the diesel injection pipe 31. The outlet end of the air supply mechanism 1 is connected to the inlet end of the fuel supply pipe 33, and the outlet port 212 is connected to the inlet end of the diesel injection pipe 31. The outlet end of the fuel supply mechanism 4 is connected to the diesel injection pipe 31.

[0031] It is understood that gas is output through the gas supply mechanism 1, and porous ammonium nitrate particles are introduced from the inlet end of the diesel nozzle 31 through pneumatic conveying and flow to the venturi tube 34; the fuel supply mechanism 4 pumps diesel fuel into the fuel supply pipe 33 and sprays it out from the nozzle 32. The sprayed diesel fuel and ammonium nitrate particles are initially mixed in the diesel nozzle 31, and the initially mixed diesel fuel and ammonium nitrate particles enter the venturi tube 34; the venturi tube 34 includes an inlet section, a converging section, a throat section, and a diffuser section. After initial mixing in the diesel nozzle 31 section, the mixture flows out from the venturi tube 34. The diesel and ammonium nitrate particles enter the Venturi tube 34 through the inlet section. After passing through the contraction section of the Venturi tube 34, the flow velocity of the diesel and ammonium nitrate particles increases. After passing through the throat of the Venturi tube 34, they enter the diffusion section. Because the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the diffusion section of the Venturi tube 34 gradually increases, high-speed turbulence, shearing, and impact effects are generated in the diffusion section. Therefore, when the diesel and ammonium nitrate particles enter the diffusion section of the Venturi tube 34, they undergo intense flow and mixing, achieving a second mixing, and outputting well-mixed ammonium nitrate explosive. With this structural design, a uniformly mixed explosive can be obtained, and mixing can be carried out during the material conveying process, allowing for continuous and uninterrupted operation, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of on-site explosive mixing. The oil supply pressure is adjusted according to the feeding speed of the star-shaped feeding valve 2, thereby controlling the amount of diesel oil sprayed from the nozzle 32 to be in a set ratio with the amount of ammonium nitrate discharged from the star-shaped feeding valve 2, so as to ensure that the mixing ratio of ammonium nitrate and diesel oil is maintained at the set value, so as to obtain stable performance ammonium nitrate explosive.

[0032] Preferably, the air outlet of the air supply mechanism 1 is connected to the discharge port 212, and the air outlet of the air supply mechanism 1 is arranged on the side of the discharge port 212 away from the spray mixing mechanism 3, and the air outlet of the air supply mechanism 1 is arranged towards the spray mixing mechanism 3.

[0033] It is known that when the gas supply mechanism 1 sprays gas from its outlet, it drives the ammonium nitrate discharged from the outlet 212 toward the spray mixing mechanism 3, thereby realizing the pneumatic conveying of the ammonium nitrate and transporting it to the spray mixing mechanism 3 for mixing.

[0034] Preferably, the gas supply mechanism 1 includes an air pump and an air pipe, with the air inlet end of the air pipe connected to the air outlet end of the air pump, and the air outlet end of the air pipe connected to the jet mixing mechanism 3. The air pump provides sufficient air to the jet mixing mechanism 3 to achieve the delivery of ammonium nitrate particles via airflow. (Note: The air pump is not shown in the accompanying drawings.) In some embodiments of this application, a separate air pump can be used; in other embodiments, the air pump on the on-site mixing ammonium nitrate explosive vehicle can be shared.

[0035] In some embodiments, the valve core 22 is produced from a single cylindrical bar. The transfer groove is directly cut into the surface of the bar by cutting the entire cylindrical bar. However, this production method results in significant material waste and long processing time, making it suitable only for small-batch production. Therefore, further improvements were made. The valve core 22 includes a rotating shaft 221 and helical blades 222. The helical blades 222 are fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 221. Multiple helical blades 222 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft 221, forming a transfer cavity 226 between adjacent helical blades 222. Furthermore, the rotating shaft 221 and helical blades 222 are produced by casting. Since the contours of the rotating shaft 221 and helical blades 222 are relatively complex, investment casting (lost-wax casting) is specifically used. This production method offers high casting precision, is suitable for mass production, and is suitable for manufacturing workpieces with complex contours.

[0036] Of course, in other embodiments, the valve core 22 can also be produced by welding the rotating shaft 221 and the spiral blade 222. The spiral blade 222 is welded onto the rotating shaft 221, and then the welded spiral blade 222 is shaped. The valve core 22 produced in this way has a relatively low manufacturing cost and is suitable for small-batch production.

[0037] Preferably, the valve core 22 further includes end plates 223, with two end plates 223 respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 221, and the two end plates 223 respectively arranged at both ends of the spiral blade 222. It can be understood that the end plates 223 separate the two ends of the spiral blade 222 to prevent material from leaking from both ends of the transfer chamber 226, thus preventing material waste.

[0038] To further improve the sealing performance between the end plate 223 and the valve body 21, a first sealing element 224 is also provided. An annular sealing groove is provided on the outer periphery of the end plate 223, and the first sealing element 224 is embedded in the sealing groove. The first sealing element 224 and the inner wall of the valve body 21 are in sliding sealing fit.

[0039] It is understood that when the valve core 22 rotates, the rotating shaft 221 drives the end plate 223 and the sealing element to rotate together. The sealing element and the inner surface of the valve body 21 are in sliding fit to prevent the material in the transfer chamber 226 from leaking outward. It should be noted that the annular sealing ring can be one of an O-ring, a Y-ring, or a Step seal. In this embodiment, a Step seal is selected because Step seals have good wear resistance and high temperature resistance, which can extend service life, reduce maintenance frequency and costs, and improve economic efficiency while ensuring sealing.

[0040] It should be noted that both ends of the rotating shaft 221 are rotatably connected to the valve body 21 via bearings. The bearings reduce rotational friction and improve rotational stability. Second seals are also provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 221, positioned between the end plate 223 and the bearings. These second seals prevent material from entering the bearings and damaging them, thereby improving the stability of bearing operation.

[0041] Research revealed that if the spiral angle of the helical transfer chamber 226 is one revolution, the inlet 211 will directly connect to the outlet 212 through the transfer chamber 226. When the valve core 22 rotates at a low speed, the material in the inlet 211 can easily flow directly to the outlet 212 through the transfer chamber 226, resulting in more material being discharged than required, causing inaccurate discharge from the discharge valve. Based on this, the following further improvements were made: Two sets of spiral blades 222 are set, each set including multiple spiral blades 222. These multiple spiral blades 222 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 221; the two sets of spiral blades 222 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 221. The shafts 221 are axially adjacent to each other, and the spiral blades 222 in the two sets of spiral blades 222 are arranged in a staggered manner along the axial direction, thereby causing the transfer chambers 226 at the two sets of spiral blades 222 to be arranged in a staggered manner along the axial direction, further improving the uniformity of material feeding; the valve core 22 also includes a baffle 225, which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 221 and arranged between the two sets of spiral blades 222. By setting the baffle 225, the transfer chambers 226 on both sides of the baffle 225 are prevented from communicating, thereby preventing the feed port 211 from communicating directly with the discharge port 212 through the transfer chamber 226, so that the material transferred by the valve core 22 is proportional to the rotation speed of the valve core 22, improving the feeding accuracy.

[0042] Of course, in some other embodiments of this application, the helical blades 222 can also be provided in multiple sets, the multiple sets of helical blades 222 are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 221, and the helical blades 222 in two adjacent sets of helical blades 222 are arranged in a staggered manner along the axial direction, and a baffle 225 is provided between two adjacent sets of helical blades 222.

[0043] Research revealed that materials tend to accumulate at the inlet 211. Based on this, the following improvements were made: the inlet 211 is positioned on the upper part of the valve body 21 and directly above the valve core 22. The channel connecting the inlet 211 and the valve core 22 is vertical, and the diameter of the inlet 211 is set relatively large. This arrangement prevents material blockage at the inlet 211 and allows the material to quickly enter the transfer chamber 226 on the valve core 22 under gravity. The outlet 212 is located at the lower part of the valve body 21, specifically below the valve core 22. This allows the material in the transfer chamber 226 on the valve core 22 to move downwards to the outlet 212 under gravity. The diameter of the inlet 211 is larger than the diameter of the outlet 212.

[0044] Preferably, the fuel supply pipe 33 includes a straight section 331 and an arc transition section 332. The straight section 331 extends radially into the diesel injection pipe 31, and the arc transition section 332 is arranged at one end of the straight section 331 located inside the diesel injection pipe 31, and the arc transition section 332 is bent toward the end of the venturi tube 34. The nozzle 32 is arranged at the end of the arc transition section 332 away from the straight section 331.

[0045] It is understood that by setting the arc transition section 332, the diesel fuel flowing from the straight section 331 smoothly transitions to the nozzle 32 and is sprayed out from the nozzle 32, thereby reducing the impact of diesel fuel during pumping and improving the service life of the nozzle 32 and the fuel supply pipe 33. At the same time, the smooth transition helps to reduce the pressure loss of diesel fuel during transportation, so that the diesel fuel can be sprayed out from the nozzle 32 with sufficient pressure.

[0046] Preferably, the fuel supply mechanism 4 includes a diesel tank, a diesel pump, and a diesel pipe. The diesel pump is installed inside the diesel tank. The first end of the diesel pipe is connected to the pumping end of the diesel pump, and the second end of the diesel pipe is connected to the inlet end of the fuel supply pipe 33, specifically to the straight section 331 of the fuel supply pipe 33 (Note: the diesel tank and diesel pump are not shown in the drawings). In some other embodiments of this application, the diesel tank and diesel pump can be shared with an ammonium nitrate explosive mixing vehicle.

[0047] Preferably, the arc of the transition section 332 is a quarter-circle arc. It is understood that by arranging the transition section 332 as a quarter-circle arc, the outlet of the transition section 332 faces directly towards one end of the venturi tube 34. This allows the nozzle 32 to spray directly towards one end of the venturi tube 34 in an umbrella-like shape during injection, ensuring thorough mixing of the injected diesel fuel with the ammonium nitrate particles in the diesel injection pipe. Furthermore, it should be noted that the nozzle 32 is coaxially arranged in the diesel injection pipe, with the diesel spray from the nozzle 32 located at the center of the diesel injection pipe, which further improves the uniformity of mixing between the diesel spray and the ammonium nitrate particles. Meanwhile, by coaxially arranging the nozzle 32 in the middle of the diesel injection pipe, it prevents the nozzle 32 from spraying towards the side wall of the diesel injection pipe 31. Spraying towards the side wall of the diesel injection pipe 31 can easily cause the sprayed diesel to adhere to the inner wall of the diesel injection pipe. Ammonium nitrate particles can easily adhere to the inner wall of the diesel injection pipe after it has been sprayed with diesel, which can easily cause blockage. When the nozzle is arranged in the center, the diesel is less likely to be sprayed directly onto the inner wall of the diesel injection pipe, which helps to prevent blockage.

[0048] Preferably, the nozzle 32 is detachably connected to the arc transition section 332 by means of threaded connection or snap-fit.

[0049] It is known that when the nozzle 32 is damaged, it can be easily replaced. At the same time, different nozzles 32 can be replaced according to different mixing requirements, such as nozzles 32 for straight spraying and nozzles 32 for forming umbrella-shaped sprays.

[0050] Preferably, the diesel injection pipe 31 is provided with a mounting hole 311 and a square flange sealing boss 312. The square flange sealing boss 312 is arranged at the mounting hole 311 and surrounds the mounting hole 311. The fuel supply pipe 33 also includes a mounting seat 333, which is fixedly connected to the straight section 331. It also includes a fastener 24, which detachably connects the mounting seat 333 to the square flange sealing boss 312. Specifically, the fastener 24 is a screw, and multiple screws are provided. The mounting seat 333 is detachably connected to the square flange sealing boss 312 by the screws.

[0051] It is understood that the fuel supply pipe 33 can be easily installed on the diesel injection pipe 31 by means of the mounting base 333 and the square flange sealing boss 312. During installation, the arc transition end extends into the diesel injection pipe 31 from the mounting hole 311. This facilitates the replacement of the nozzle 32 installed on the fuel supply pipe 33.

[0052] Preferably, the device further includes a sealing gasket 35, which is disposed between the mounting base 333 and the square flange sealing boss 312. Specifically, the sealing gasket 35 is one of a rubber gasket, a felt gasket, and a copper gasket.

[0053] It is understood that, through the setting of the sealing gasket 35, the sealing gasket 35 seals the joint between the square flange sealing boss 312 and the oil supply pipe 33, preventing leakage at the joint between the square flange sealing boss 312 and the oil supply pipe 33. In this application, a rubber gasket is used, which is inexpensive and provides a reliable seal.

[0054] Preferably, the diesel injection pipe 31 is provided with a sensor mounting port 313, which is located at the upstream end of the mounting hole 311.

[0055] It is known that the sensor mounting port 313 is used to install a pressure transmitter. The pressure transmitter detects the pressure inside the diesel injection pipe 31, and then controls the feeding device to adjust the amount and pressure of ammonium nitrate, thereby keeping the whole system in a stable operating state and preventing uneven mixing caused by inconsistent feeding.

[0056] Preferably, the diesel injection pipe 31 and the venturi pipe 34 are detachably connected by a flange.

[0057] It is understood that by detachably connecting the diesel injection pipe 31 and the venturi pipe 34 through a flange, it is convenient to disassemble and replace the diesel injection pipe 31 or the venturi pipe 34 when one of them is damaged. On the other hand, it is convenient to disassemble and clean the diesel injection pipe 31 and the venturi pipe 34, thereby improving the convenience of cleaning and making the cleaning more thorough and less likely to leave residue.

[0058] Preferably, it also includes a dispensing mechanism 5, which includes a main pipe 51, multiple branch pipes 52 and control valves 53. The feed end of the main pipe 51 is connected to the discharge end of the venturi tube 34, and the discharge end of the main pipe 51 is simultaneously connected to the feed ends of the multiple branch pipes 52. Multiple control valves 53 are arranged and installed on the branch pipes 52, with each control valve 53 corresponding to a branch pipe 52.

[0059] During the research, it was found that when the injection mixing mechanism 3 is working continuously, the diesel fuel sprayed by the nozzle 32 in the injection mixing mechanism 3 and the ammonium nitrate entering the injection mixing mechanism 3 can be mixed stably and the mixing uniformity is good. However, when intermittent operation occurs, the amount of ammonium nitrate particles pneumatically conveyed during the intermittent operation is unstable, which causes the mixing ratio of ammonium nitrate and diesel fuel to fluctuate during the start-up period, resulting in quality problems of the mixed ammonium nitrate explosive. Through the design of the above structure, by setting multiple branch pipes 52, during operation, the control valve 53 on the branch pipe 52 corresponding to the borehole requiring explosive loading is opened. At this time, the explosive mixed by the injection mixing mechanism 3 is directly input into the corresponding borehole. The other branch pipes 52 with their control valves not open can be moved from the filled boreholes to the unfilled boreholes under the operator's control. When the borehole corresponding to the branch pipe with its control valve 53 open is filled, the control valve 53 of the unfilled borehole is immediately opened for loading, and the control valve 53 corresponding to the filled borehole is closed. Simultaneously, the branch pipe 52 corresponding to the filled borehole is manually moved to the unfilled borehole for further loading. This structural arrangement ensures that the injection mixing mechanism 3 operates continuously throughout the entire loading process, thereby guaranteeing stable mixing and resulting in uniform and stable explosive mixture, which improves the stability of the explosive mixture.

[0060] The working principle and basic operation process of this invention are as follows: The star-shaped discharge valve 2 operates, driving the valve core 22 to rotate via the drive component 23. Ammonium nitrate particles are discharged to the outlet 212 through the transfer chamber 226 on the valve core 22. The air supply mechanism 1 operates, supplying air through the air pipe to blow the ammonium nitrate particles discharged from the transfer chamber 226 towards the injection mixing mechanism 3, into the diesel injection pipe 31. The oil supply mechanism 4 supplies oil to the oil supply pipe 33, causing diesel fuel to be sprayed from the nozzle 32. The sprayed diesel fuel and ammonium nitrate particles undergo preliminary mixing within the diesel injection pipe 31. After preliminary mixing, the diesel fuel and ammonium nitrate particles move towards the Venturi tube 34, entering the Venturi tube 34 from its inlet section. After passing through the contraction section of the Venturi tube 34, the flow rate of the diesel fuel and ammonium nitrate particles increases. After the throat of the Venturi tube 34, the propellant enters the diffuser section of the Venturi tube 34. Because the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the diffuser section of the Venturi tube 34 gradually increases, high-speed turbulence, shearing, and impact effects are generated in the diffuser section of the Venturi tube 34. Therefore, when diesel and ammonium nitrate particles enter the diffuser section of the Venturi tube 34, the diesel and ammonium nitrate particles undergo intense flow mixing in the diffuser section of the Venturi tube 34, achieving a second mixing. After the second mixing is completed, the propellant is output into the dispensing mechanism 5 and transported to the corresponding borehole from the branch pipe 52 in the dispensing mechanism 5. Because multiple branch pipes 52 are provided, there is always a branch pipe 52 in the open state, so that mixing and charging can be carried out uninterruptedly, enabling the injection mixing mechanism 3 to output stable ammonium nitrate explosive.

[0061] On the other hand, this application also provides a vehicle for on-site mixing of ammonium nitrate explosives, with reference to Figures 1-12 The system includes a vehicle chassis 6 and a storage tank 7 mounted on the vehicle chassis 6, as well as the aforementioned explosive conveying and mixing device. The explosive conveying and mixing device is mounted on the vehicle chassis 6, and a valve body 21 is mounted at the bottom of the storage tank 7, with the inlet 211 of the valve body 21 connected to the outlet end of the storage tank 7. The gas supply mechanism 1 has two gas pipes, one of which is connected to the inlet 213 of the star-shaped discharge valve 2, and the other is connected to the tank body, thereby making the gas pressure inside the tank equal to the gas pressure at the outlet end of the star-shaped discharge valve 2, thus enabling the star-shaped discharge valve 2 to discharge smoothly.

[0062] The vehicle chassis 6 is used to transport the explosives conveying and mixing device, moving it to the loading site in tunnels or mines to achieve on-site mixing and loading, allowing for immediate use and reducing storage and transportation time, thus improving safety. The storage tank 7 stores ammonium nitrate granules and supplies them to the explosives conveying and mixing device. It should be noted that in this embodiment, a telescopic boom is also included, with the dispensing mechanism 5 mounted on the boom. Figure 4 The telescopic arm is rotatably mounted in Figure 3On the vehicle chassis 6, the telescopic boom can rotate horizontally and pitch relative to the chassis 6, and can also extend and retract the loading mechanism 5 to facilitate loading into blast holes at different positions and angles. It should also be noted that... Figure 1 and Figure 3 The vehicle chassis 6 shown in the figure only shows a part of the vehicle chassis 6, such as the running wheels, which are not shown in the attached figure.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosive conveying and mixing device, characterized in that: It includes a star-shaped feed valve (2), an air supply mechanism (1), a jet mixing mechanism (3) and an oil supply mechanism (4). The discharge end of the star-shaped feed valve (2), the air outlet end of the air supply mechanism (1) and the discharge end of the oil supply mechanism (4) are all connected to the inlet end of the jet mixing mechanism (3). The star-shaped feed valve (2) includes a valve body (21), a valve core (22), and a drive component (23). The valve body (21) is provided with a feed inlet (211) and a discharge outlet (212). The valve core (22) is rotatably arranged inside the valve body (21). A transfer chamber (226) is provided on the outer periphery of the valve core (22). The transfer chamber (226) is arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference. The valve core (22) is used to transfer the material from the feed inlet (211) to the discharge outlet (212). The drive component (23) is installed on the valve body (21), and the output end of the drive component (23) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the valve core (22). The discharge port (212) is connected to the inlet end of the jet mixing mechanism (3).

2. The explosives conveying and mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injection mixing mechanism (3) includes a diesel injection pipe (31), a nozzle (32), a fuel supply pipe (33), and a venturi pipe (34). The venturi pipe (34) is arranged at the downstream end of the diesel injection pipe (31), and the fuel supply pipe (33) is arranged on the diesel injection pipe (31) and extends radially into the diesel injection pipe (31). The nozzle (32) is arranged at one end of the fuel supply pipe (33) located inside the diesel injection pipe (31), and the nozzle (32) is arranged towards the end of the venturi tube (34); the inlet section of the venturi tube (34) is arranged towards the diesel injection pipe (31). The air outlet of the air supply mechanism (1) is connected to the inlet of the oil supply pipe (33), and the outlet (212) is connected to the inlet of the diesel injection pipe (31). The oil outlet of the oil supply mechanism (4) is connected to the diesel injection pipe (31).

3. The explosives conveying and mixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air outlet of the air supply mechanism (1) is connected to the discharge port (212), and the air outlet of the air supply mechanism (1) is arranged on the side of the discharge port (212) away from the spray mixing mechanism (3), and the air outlet of the air supply mechanism (1) is arranged towards the spray mixing mechanism (3).

4. The explosives conveying and mixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve core (22) includes a rotating shaft (221) and a spiral blade (222). The spiral blade (222) is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (221). Multiple spiral blades (222) are arranged, and the multiple spiral blades (222) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft (221). A transfer cavity (226) is formed between two adjacent spiral blades (222). The valve core (22) also includes an end plate (223), and two end plates (223) are provided. The two end plates (223) are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (221), and the two end plates (223) are respectively arranged at both ends of the spiral blade (222).

5. The explosives conveying and mixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fuel supply pipe (33) includes a straight section (331) and an arc transition section (332). The straight section (331) extends radially into the diesel injection pipe (31). The arc transition section (332) is arranged at one end of the straight section (331) located inside the diesel injection pipe (31), and the arc transition section (332) is bent toward one end of the venturi tube (34). The nozzle (32) is arranged at one end of the arc transition section (332) away from the straight section (331).

6. The explosives conveying and mixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arc of the arc transition section (332) is a quarter arc.

7. The explosives conveying and mixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nozzle (32) is detachably connected to the arc transition section (332) by means of threaded connection or snap-fit.

8. The explosives conveying and mixing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diesel injection pipe (31) is provided with an installation hole (311) and a square flange sealing boss (312). The square flange sealing boss (312) is arranged at the installation hole (311) and the square flange sealing boss (312) is arranged around the installation hole (311). The oil supply pipe (33) also includes a mounting base (333), which is fixedly connected to the straight section (331); It also includes a fastener (24), the mounting base (333) being detachably connected to the square flange sealing boss (312) via the fastener (24).

9. The explosives conveying and mixing device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It also includes a dispensing mechanism (5), which includes a main pipe (51), multiple branch pipes (52) and control valves (53). The feed end of the main pipe (51) is connected to the discharge end of the venturi tube (34), and the discharge end of the main pipe (51) is simultaneously connected to the feed ends of the multiple branch pipes (52). Multiple control valves (53) are arranged and installed on the branch pipes (52). The multiple control valves (53) are arranged one-to-one with the branch pipes (52).

10. A vehicle for on-site mixing of ammonium nitrate explosives, comprising a vehicle chassis (6) and a storage tank (7) mounted on the vehicle chassis (6), characterized in that: It also includes an explosive conveying and mixing device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the explosive conveying and mixing device is installed on the vehicle chassis (6), the valve body (21) is installed at the bottom of the storage tank (7), and the inlet (211) of the valve body (21) is arranged to be connected to the outlet of the storage tank (7).

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