Garden ecological environment restoration agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garden ecological environment restoration, in particular to a garden ecological environment restoration agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The garden ecological restoration agent is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 to 50 parts of modified biochar, 5 to 15 parts of wollastonite, 5 to 15 parts of hydroxyapatite, 10 to 20 parts of sepiolite, 15 to 25 parts of humic acid and 3 to 8 parts of a microbial agent, the garden ecological environment repairing agent provided by the invention has a relatively good repairing effect on the soil environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of landscape ecological environment restoration technology, and in particular to a landscape ecological environment restoration agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In ecological gardens, maintaining a healthy ecosystem requires the restoration of deteriorated environments, with soil remediation being paramount. Due to rampant human destruction of the environment, soil conditions have deteriorated significantly, with severe pollution necessitating immediate restoration. Soil remediation is a systematic project aimed at removing, reducing, stabilizing, or transforming pollutants in the soil to restore its ecological functions and service value. Current soil remediation methods include physical, chemical, and bioremediation. Physical remediation involves using physical means to separate, remove, or isolate pollutants, such as soil replacement and thermal desorption. While it remediates the soil, it is costly. Chemical remediation alters the form of pollutants or decomposes them through chemical reactions, such as adding oxidants for redox reactions or using washing solutions containing surfactants or chelating agents. While these methods achieve remediation, they may introduce new chemical substances or toxic byproducts into the soil. Therefore, to address these issues, it is necessary to develop a garden ecological environment restoration agent, its preparation method, and its application. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a garden ecological environment restoration agent in view of the shortcomings of the prior art. This ecological environment restoration agent can effectively restore the soil and reduce secondary pollution to the soil environment.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A garden ecological environment restoration agent, comprising the following components by weight: 30-50 parts modified biochar, 5-15 parts wollastonite, 5-15 parts hydroxyapatite, 10-20 parts sepiolite, 15-25 parts humic acid, and 3-8 parts microbial inoculant.

[0006] The method for preparing the modified biochar includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Wash, dry, and crush the rice straw to 1-5mm for later use;

[0008] (2) Under an inert gas (nitrogen) atmosphere, the temperature is increased to 300-500℃ at a rate of 5-10℃ / min, and after pyrolysis for 1-4h, it is cooled to room temperature. The biochar powder obtained by grinding and sieving is then used for future reference.

[0009] (3) Add the biochar powder described in step (2) to hydrochloric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-20, stir at 25-60℃ for 10-20h, filter, and the collected filter cake can be washed and dried to obtain modified biochar.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the garden ecological restoration agent comprises the following components by weight: 40 parts modified biochar, 10 parts wollastonite, 10 parts hydroxyapatite, 15 parts sepiolite, 20 parts humic acid, and 5 parts microbial inoculant.

[0011] As an improved technical solution, the microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which are mixed in a mass ratio of 3-5:2-4:2-4:1-3:1.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:3:2:1.

[0013] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a garden ecological environment restoration agent in view of the shortcomings of the prior art. The ecological restoration agent obtained by the preparation method has a good effect on soil restoration and can also prevent secondary pollution of the soil environment.

[0014] A method for preparing a garden ecological environment restoration agent, the preparation method comprising the following process steps:

[0015] (1) Wollastonite, hydroxyapatite and sepiolite are crushed and ground separately and passed through a 100-200 mesh sieve to obtain wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder for later use.

[0016] (2) According to the formula weight parts, the pretreated modified biochar, wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder are stirred and mixed evenly, then humic acid is added and stirred and mixed again, and finally microbial agent is added and stirred and mixed evenly to obtain garden ecological restoration agent.

[0017] This invention also protects the application of the above-mentioned garden ecological restoration agent in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil;

[0018] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The modified biochar and sepiolite in this invention act as "soil sponges" and "safe havens." Their porous structure adsorbs excess water, nutrients, and pollutants, increases soil permeability, and provides habitats for microorganisms. Wollastonite and hydroxyapatite act as "soil conditioners" and "stabilizers." They slowly release elements such as calcium, silicon, and phosphorus, neutralizing acidic soils and solidifying heavy metals (such as lead and cadmium) through ion exchange and co-precipitation. Humic acid acts as a "soil life-giving liquid." It aggregates soil particles to form stable aggregate structures; chelates mineral nutrients for plant absorption; and stimulates plant root and microbial growth. Microbial agents act as "soil engineers." After colonization, the microbial community decomposes organic pollutants, transforms (nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, potassium solubilization) nutrients, antagonizes soil-borne pathogens, and forms a benign ecological cycle. The components of the above-mentioned remediation agent work synergistically through physical, chemical, and biological processes to systematically remediate degraded garden soil, improve soil physicochemical properties (improve compaction, increase porosity, enhance water and fertilizer retention capacity, and regulate pH), passivate and stabilize pollutants (adsorb and fix heavy metals and organic pollutants in the soil, reducing their bioavailability and mobility), activate the soil ecosystem (replenish beneficial microorganisms, rebuild a healthy soil microbial community, and promote nutrient cycling), and enhance soil fertility (provide slow-release mineral elements and organic matter, creating an excellent rhizosphere environment for plant growth). Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] A garden ecological environment restoration agent comprises the following components by weight: 30 parts modified biochar, 5 parts wollastonite, 5 parts hydroxyapatite, 10 parts sepiolite, 15 parts humic acid, and 3 parts microbial inoculant (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:2:2:1:1).

[0023] The preparation method of modified biochar includes the following steps:

[0024] (1) Wash, dry, and crush the rice straw to 1mm for later use;

[0025] (2) Under an inert gas (nitrogen) atmosphere, the temperature is increased to 300°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and after pyrolysis for 1 hour, it is cooled to room temperature. The biochar powder obtained by grinding and sieving is then used for future reference.

[0026] (3) Add the biochar powder described in step (2) to hydrochloric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, stir at 25°C for 10 hours and then filter. The collected filter cake is washed and dried to obtain modified biochar.

[0027] The preparation method of the garden ecological restoration agent includes the following process steps:

[0028] (1) Wollastonite, hydroxyapatite and sepiolite are crushed and ground separately and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder for later use.

[0029] (2) According to the formula weight parts, the pretreated modified biochar, wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder are stirred and mixed evenly, then humic acid is added and stirred and mixed again, and finally microbial agent is added and stirred and mixed evenly to obtain garden ecological restoration agent.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] A garden ecological environment restoration agent comprises the following components by weight: 40 parts modified biochar, 10 parts wollastonite, 10 parts hydroxyapatite, 15 parts sepiolite, 20 parts humic acid, and 5 parts microbial inoculant (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:3:2:1).

[0032] The preparation method of modified biochar includes the following steps:

[0033] (1) Wash, dry, and crush the rice straw to 3mm for later use;

[0034] (2) Under an inert gas (nitrogen) atmosphere, the temperature is increased to 400°C at a rate of 8°C / min, and after pyrolysis for 2.5h, it is cooled to room temperature. The biochar powder obtained by grinding and sieving is then used for later use.

[0035] (3) Add the biochar powder described in step (2) to hydrochloric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15, stir at 43°C for 15 hours and then filter. The collected filter cake is washed and dried to obtain modified biochar.

[0036] The preparation method of the garden ecological restoration agent includes the following process steps:

[0037] (1) Wollastonite, hydroxyapatite and sepiolite are crushed and ground separately and passed through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder for later use.

[0038] (2) According to the formula weight parts, the pretreated modified biochar, wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder are stirred and mixed evenly, then humic acid is added and stirred and mixed again, and finally microbial agent is added and stirred and mixed evenly to obtain garden ecological restoration agent.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] A garden ecological environment restoration agent comprises the following components by weight: 50 parts modified biochar, 15 parts wollastonite, 15 parts hydroxyapatite, 20 parts sepiolite, 25 parts humic acid, and 8 parts microbial inoculant (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:4:4:3:1).

[0041] The preparation method of modified biochar includes the following steps:

[0042] (1) Wash, dry, and crush the rice straw to 5mm for later use;

[0043] (2) Under an inert gas (nitrogen) atmosphere, the temperature is increased to 500°C at a rate of 10°C / min, and after pyrolysis for 4 hours, it is cooled to room temperature. The biochar powder obtained by grinding and sieving is then used for future reference.

[0044] (3) Add the biochar powder described in step (2) to hydrochloric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, stir at 60°C for 20 hours and then filter. The collected filter cake is washed and dried to obtain modified biochar.

[0045] The preparation method of the garden ecological restoration agent includes the following process steps:

[0046] (1) Wollastonite, hydroxyapatite and sepiolite are crushed and ground separately and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder for later use.

[0047] (2) According to the formula weight parts, the pretreated modified biochar, wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder are stirred and mixed evenly, then humic acid is added and stirred and mixed again, and finally microbial agent is added and stirred and mixed evenly to obtain garden ecological restoration agent.

[0048] To better demonstrate the good remediation effect of the garden ecological restoration agent of the present invention on soil, the following comparative examples are given with reference to Example 2. The ecological restoration agent prepared in Example 2 and the ecological restoration agent prepared in the comparative examples were added at a dosage of 50 grams per square meter. The test soil was garden soil contaminated with heavy metals around a mining area. The test period was 90 days. The plant was ryegrass (remediation indicator plant). The specific ecological restoration effects are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] Unlike Example 2, the garden ecological restoration agent contains only modified biochar.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] Unlike Example 2, the garden ecological restoration agent contains unmodified biochar, but the rest of the operation is the same.

[0053] Comparative Example 3

[0054] Unlike implementation 2, the garden ecological restoration agent does not contain modified biochar, but the rest of the operation is the same.

[0055] Comparative Example 4

[0056] Unlike Example 2, the garden ecological restoration agent does not contain microbial agents, but the rest of the operation is the same.

[0057]

[0058] The data in Table 1 show that the pH adjustment in Example 2 was the mildest and most effective (7.1); the increase in organic matter was the most significant; the decrease in bulk density was the most obvious (porosity increased by 34.6%); and the effective state of heavy metal Cd decreased by 71.2%, which was the best effect.

[0059]

[0060] The data in Table 2 show that the microbial biomass carbon increased by 164% in Example 2; all enzyme activity indicators were optimal, proving the key role of the microbial agent; and the dehydrogenase activity (reflecting the total microbial activity) was the most significantly improved.

[0061]

[0062] The data in Table 3 show that in Example 2, plant biomass increased by 130%; root development was optimal (root length increased by 94%); and the heavy metal Cd had the lowest enrichment coefficient in the plant, indicating the best safety.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A garden ecological environment restoration agent, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components by weight: 30-50 parts modified biochar, 5-15 parts wollastonite, 5-15 parts hydroxyapatite, 10-20 parts sepiolite, 15-25 parts humic acid, and 3-8 parts microbial inoculant. The method for preparing the modified biochar includes the following steps: (1) Wash, dry, and crush the rice straw to 1-5mm for later use; (2) Under an inert gas (nitrogen) atmosphere, the temperature is increased to 300-500℃ at a rate of 5-10℃ / min, and after pyrolysis for 1-4h, it is cooled to room temperature. The biochar powder obtained by grinding and sieving is then used for future reference. (3) Add the biochar powder described in step (2) to hydrochloric acid at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10-20, stir at 25-60℃ for 10-20h, filter, and the collected filter cake can be washed and dried to obtain modified biochar.

2. The garden ecological environment restoration agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The garden ecological restoration agent comprises the following components by weight: 40 parts modified biochar, 10 parts wollastonite, 10 parts hydroxyapatite, 15 parts sepiolite, 20 parts humic acid, and 5 parts microbial inoculant.

3. The garden ecological environment restoration agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which are mixed in a mass ratio of 3-5:2-4:2-4:1-3:

1.

4. The garden ecological environment restoration agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus megaterium, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:3:2:

1.

5. A method for preparing the garden ecological restoration agent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following process steps: (1) Wollastonite, hydroxyapatite and sepiolite are crushed and ground separately and passed through a 100-200 mesh sieve to obtain wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder for later use. (2) According to the formula weight parts, the pretreated modified biochar, wollastonite powder, hydroxyapatite powder and sepiolite powder are stirred and mixed evenly, then humic acid is added and stirred and mixed again, and finally microbial agent is added and stirred and mixed evenly to obtain garden ecological restoration agent.

6. The application of the garden ecological restoration agent as described in claim 1 in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.

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