Pulverized coal gas self-adaptive separation and collaborative conversion in-situ power generation device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pulverized coal gas self-adaptive separation and collaborative conversion in-situ power generation device and method, and relates to the technical field of coal mine gas prevention and utilization. Comprising a shell, an inertia grading separation mechanism, a centrifugal separation mechanism, a pulverized coal gasifier, a methane reformer and a solid oxide fuel cell, the inertia grading separation mechanism is communicated with a gas inlet of the shell, a plurality of parallel inertia separation channels are arranged to enable pulverized coal-containing gas mixed gas to form a flow velocity gradient, and the centrifugal separation mechanism is arranged at the downstream of the inertia grading separation mechanism and is communicated with the pulverized coal gasifier. The pulverized coal gasifier is communicated with a pulverized coal outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism, and the methane reformer is communicated with a methane outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism. The anode of the solid oxide fuel cell is communicated with the synthesis gas outlets of the pulverized coal gasifier and the methane reformer, and the synthesis gas is utilized to generate electric energy so as to realize in-situ power generation in the coal seam drill hole, so that the separation efficiency of coal mine gas and pulverized coal is improved, and the energy utilization rate and the system operation stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine gas prevention and utilization technology, and in particular to an in-situ power generation device and method for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas. Background Technology

[0002] Coalbed methane (CBM), a byproduct of coal mining, poses a serious threat to coal mine safety, but it is also a clean energy source with abundant reserves. my country has rich CBM resources, with high-gas mines accounting for over 70% of its total coalbed methane reserves. These reserves are considerable and are expected to play an important role in the future energy structure.

[0003] Traditional methods of methane utilization typically involve extracting the methane to the surface and then generating electricity centrally. After being extracted from the coal seam through boreholes, the methane must be transported over long distances through pipelines to a surface treatment plant. This process is not only energy-intensive and costly, but also inefficient in terms of overall energy utilization. In contrast, in-situ coal seam methane power generation can directly process and generate electricity at the source of methane production, effectively avoiding the energy costs, leakage risks, and pressure losses associated with transportation. This allows for efficient local energy conversion and represents a superior choice for the clean and efficient utilization of methane.

[0004] However, while solid oxide fuel cells can efficiently and cleanly utilize hydrogen and carbon monoxide from fuel gas to generate electricity, they require extremely high purity fuel gas. The unique environment of coal seam drilling means that when gas enters the device, it inevitably contains a large amount of coal dust, a small amount of magnesium dust, and other solid particles, as well as impurities such as sulfur and chlorine, all generated during drilling. If used directly for power generation, this would severely corrode the fuel cell, leading to a significant decrease in power generation efficiency and a markedly shortened equipment lifespan.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated system and device that can achieve efficient separation of coal powder and gas, resource utilization of each component, and ultimately achieve stable and efficient power generation, providing a solution for the in-situ clean and efficient utilization of coal seam borehole gas. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an in-situ power generation device and method for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of coal powder and gas, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, effectively improve the separation efficiency of coal mine gas and coal powder, and effectively improve energy utilization and system operation stability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides an in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal and methane, comprising: a shell, an inertial classification and separation mechanism, a centrifugal separation mechanism, a pulverized coal gasifier, a methane reformer, and a solid oxide fuel cell. The shell is inserted into a coal seam borehole, and an air inlet is provided at one end of the shell extending into the borehole. The inertial classification and separation mechanism is disposed within the shell and communicates with the air inlet. The inertial classification and separation mechanism has multiple parallel inertial separation channels arranged from top to bottom, and the cross-sectional area of ​​each inertial separation channel is distributed from small to large in the direction from top to bottom to form a velocity gradient when the pulverized coal-containing methane mixture passes through, thereby... An inertial classification separation is performed on a mixture of pulverized coal and methane gas. A centrifugal separation mechanism, located within the housing and downstream of the inertial classification mechanism, is used to perform centrifugal fine separation on the mixture after inertial classification to separate pulverized coal and methane gas. A pulverized coal gasifier is located within the housing and connected to the pulverized coal outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism. A methane reformer is located within the housing and connected to the methane outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism. A solid oxide fuel cell is located within the housing, with its anode connected to the synthesis gas outlets of the pulverized coal gasifier and the methane reformer, and its cathode connected to an air inlet.

[0008] Preferably, the inertial classification and separation mechanism includes a gas diversion chamber and a separator. One end of the gas diversion chamber is connected to the air inlet of the shell. The separator is disposed in the middle of the gas diversion chamber to divide the gas diversion chamber into a first inertial separation channel and a second inertial separation channel. The first inertial separation channel is located above the separator, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first inertial separation channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inertial separation channel located below the separator, so that the flow velocity of the coal-powder gas mixture entering the first inertial separation channel is greater than the flow velocity entering the second inertial separation channel.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the separator near the air inlet of the housing is an inclined end, and the inclined end is inclined from bottom to top toward the air inlet of the housing, and the top edge of the inclined end is the separation boundary between the first inertial separation channel and the second inertial separation channel.

[0010] Preferably, the separator has a third inertial separation channel inside, and a louvered filter baffle is installed on the end face of the inclined end of the separator. The louvered filter baffle is used to connect the third inertial separation channel and the second inertial separation channel, and can filter the airflow entering the third inertial separation channel from the second inertial separation channel.

[0011] Preferably, the device further includes a first slope and a second slope. The first slope is fixedly connected to the top surface of the separating member and located within the first inertial separation channel. The second slope is inverted and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the separating member and located within the second inertial separation channel.

[0012] Preferably, the centrifugal separation mechanism includes a centrifugal separation chamber, a first centrifugal separation channel, a first separation spiral, a second centrifugal separation channel, a second separation spiral, a third centrifugal separation channel, a third separation spiral, a first gas inlet channel, a second gas inlet channel, a third gas inlet channel, a first pulverized coal inlet channel, a second pulverized coal inlet channel, a third pulverized coal inlet channel, and a pulverized coal collection hopper. One end of the first centrifugal separation channel is connected to the first inertial separation channel, and the other end extends into the centrifugal separation chamber and is connected to the first gas inlet channel and the first pulverized coal inlet channel. The inlet of the first gas inlet channel is located above the first pulverized coal inlet channel. In this configuration, the outlet of the first gas inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The first coal powder inlet channel is vertically arranged, and its bottom end is connected to the coal powder collection hopper. The first separation spiral is installed in the first centrifugal separation channel to exert centrifugal force on the mixture exiting the first inertial separation channel through rotation, separating the coal powder carried therein into the first coal powder inlet channel and flowing into the coal powder collection hopper. One end of the second centrifugal separation channel is connected to the third inertial separation channel, and the other end extends into the centrifugal separation chamber and is connected to the second gas inlet channel and the second coal powder inlet channel. The gas inlet of the gas inlet channel is located above the second pulverized coal inlet channel. The outlet of the second gas inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The second pulverized coal inlet channel is vertically arranged, and its bottom end is connected to the pulverized coal collection hopper. The second separation spiral is installed in the second centrifugal separation channel to exert centrifugal force on the mixture discharged from the third inertial separation channel through rotation, separating the pulverized coal carried therein into the second pulverized coal inlet channel and flowing into the pulverized coal collection hopper. One end of the third centrifugal separation channel is connected to the second inertial separation channel, and the other end extends into the centrifugal separation chamber and connects with the third... The gas inlet channel is connected to the third pulverized coal inlet channel. The inlet of the third gas inlet channel is located above the third pulverized coal inlet channel, and the outlet of the third gas inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The third pulverized coal inlet channel is vertically arranged, and its bottom end is connected to the pulverized coal collection hopper. The third separation spiral is installed in the third centrifugal separation channel to exert centrifugal force on the mixture exported from the second inertial separation channel through rotation, separating the pulverized coal carried therein into the third pulverized coal inlet channel and flowing into the pulverized coal collection hopper. The bottom of the pulverized coal collection hopper is connected to the pulverized coal gasifier.

[0013] Preferably, the centrifugal separation mechanism further includes a gas inlet main pipe, a pulverized coal filter, and a purification filter. The gas inlet main pipe is disposed in the centrifugal separation chamber. The first centrifugal separation channel, the second centrifugal separation channel, and the third centrifugal separation channel are all horizontally arranged and all communicate with the middle part of the gas inlet main pipe. The bottom of the gas inlet main pipe is communicated with the pulverized coal collection hopper. The pulverized coal filter is disposed at the communication position between the bottom of the gas inlet main pipe and the pulverized coal collection hopper. The top of the gas inlet main pipe is communicated with the top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The purification filter is disposed at the communication position between the top of the gas inlet main pipe and the top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber is communicated with the methane reformer.

[0014] Preferably, the system further includes a methane separator, a multi-layer gas purifier, a tail gas emission pipe, and a tail gas solenoid valve. One end of the methane separator is connected to the pulverized coal gasifier, the methane outlet of the methane separator is connected to the inlet of the methane reformer, the syngas outlet of the methane separator is connected to the inlet of the multi-layer gas purifier, the outlet of the methane separator is connected to the inlet of the multi-layer gas purifier, the outlet of the multi-layer gas purifier is connected to the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell, one end of the tail gas emission pipe is connected to the tail gas emission port of the multi-layer gas purifier, and the tail gas solenoid valve is installed on the tail gas emission pipe to control its on / off state.

[0015] Preferably, the system further includes a steam input pipeline, a steam storage tank, a first steam output pipeline, a first jet port, a first solenoid valve, a second steam output pipeline, a second jet port, a second solenoid valve, a third steam output pipeline, a third solenoid valve, a fourth steam output pipeline, a fourth jet port, a fourth solenoid valve, and a fifth solenoid valve. The steam storage tank is installed inside the housing. One end of the steam input pipeline is connected to the anode exhaust port of the solid oxide fuel cell, and the other end is connected to the input end of the steam storage tank. One end of the first steam output pipeline is connected to the output end of the steam storage tank, and the other end extends into the first centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the first jet port. The first solenoid valve is installed on the first steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. One end of the second steam output pipeline is connected to the steam... The output end of the storage device is connected, and the other end extends into the second centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the second jet port. The second solenoid valve is installed on the second steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. One end of the third steam output pipeline is connected to the output end of the steam storage device, and the other end is connected to the first separation screw, the second separation screw and the third separation screw respectively to drive them to rotate. The third solenoid valve is installed on the third steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. One end of the fourth steam output pipeline is connected to the output end of the steam storage device, and the other end extends to the bottom of the coal powder collection hopper and is provided with the fourth jet port. The fourth solenoid valve is installed on the fourth steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. The fifth solenoid valve is installed on the steam input pipeline to control its on / off state.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for using the pulverized coal gas adaptive separation and synergistic conversion in-situ power generation device as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: S1. Inertial Classification and Separation: The coal powder-containing gas mixture is introduced into the shell through the air inlet and flows through the inertial classification and separation mechanism. In the inertial classification and separation mechanism, the gas mixture flows through multiple parallel inertial separation channels with cross-sectional areas increasing from top to bottom, thereby forming a velocity gradient from top to bottom. Based on this velocity gradient and the inertial differences of the coal powder particles themselves, the initial inertial classification and separation of the mixture is achieved. S2. Centrifugal fine separation: The mixture after inertial classification separation in step S1 is introduced into the centrifugal separation mechanism inside the shell. The centrifugal force field generated by the centrifugal separation mechanism is used to perform secondary fine separation of the mixture to finally separate the coal powder flow and the gas flow. S3. Co-gasification and reforming: The pulverized coal separated in step S2 is fed into the pulverized coal gasifier inside the shell to undergo a gasification reaction to generate syngas; at the same time, the gas stream separated in step S2 is filtered and fed into the methane reformer inside the shell to undergo a reforming reaction to generate syngas. S4. In-situ power generation: The synthesis gas generated by the pulverized coal gasifier and the methane reformer in step S3 is introduced into the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell inside the shell; at the same time, air is introduced into the cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell; based on the electrochemical reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell, in-situ power generation in the coal seam borehole is realized.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: This invention provides an in-situ power generation device and method for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal and methane. By integrating functional modules such as pulverized coal and methane separation, pulverized coal gasification, methane reforming, and fuel cell power generation into a single housing and placing it in a coal seam borehole, it achieves integrated in-situ processing from the source of methane production to power output. The device first utilizes an inertial classification separation mechanism to create a velocity gradient based on separation channels with different cross-sectional areas, performing preliminary classification separation of pulverized coal in the mixed gas. Subsequently, the centrifugal separation mechanism further refines the separation of pulverized coal and methane through spiral centrifugal action. The separated pulverized coal enters a gasifier to be converted into syngas, while the methane enters a reformer for reforming. The generated syngas, after purification, is fed into a solid oxide fuel cell for efficient power generation. Furthermore, the multi-stage separation ensures the purity of the fuel gas, effectively protecting the fuel cell from impurities, significantly improving the stability of in-situ power generation and the overall energy utilization efficiency, thus opening a new path for the clean and efficient utilization of methane in high-methane mines.

[0018] Furthermore, by cleverly utilizing the steam generated by the fuel cell for processes such as separation channel purging, screw drive, and gasification reaction, energy recycling is achieved. This device effectively solves the problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency in traditional gas utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas provided by the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Shell; 11. Air inlet; 2. Gas diversion chamber; 3. Separator; 4. First inertial separation channel; 5. Second inertial separation channel; 6. Third inertial separation channel; 7. First separation spiral; 8. Second gas inlet channel; 9. Pulverized coal filter; 10. Impurity removal filter; 11. Pulverized coal collection hopper; 12. Pulverized coal gasifier; 13. Methane separator; 14. Methane reformer; 15. Multi-layer gas purifier; 16. Solid oxide fuel cell; 161. Air inlet; 17. Exhaust gas pipe; 18. Exhaust gas solenoid valve; 19. First jet nozzle; 20. First solenoid valve; 21. Second jet nozzle; 22. Second solenoid valve; 23. Third solenoid valve; 24. Fourth jet nozzle; 25. Fourth solenoid valve; 26. Fifth solenoid valve; 27. Centrifugal separation chamber; 28. Third pulverized coal inlet channel; 29. ​​Steam storage tank; 30. Steam input pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of this invention is to provide an in-situ power generation device and method for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of coal powder and gas, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, effectively improve the separation efficiency of coal mine gas and coal powder, and effectively improve energy utilization and system operation stability.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1 This invention provides an in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas, such as... Figure 1As shown, the device includes: a shell 1, an inertial staged separation mechanism, a centrifugal separation mechanism, a pulverized coal gasifier 12, a methane reformer 14, and a solid oxide fuel cell 16. The shell 1 is used to be placed into a coal seam borehole, and an air inlet 11 is provided at the end of the shell 1 that extends into the coal seam borehole. The shell 1 serves as the carrier of the device, and its specific design facilitates the placement of the entire device inside the coal seam borehole. The air inlet 11 is configured to provide an inlet for the coal-containing gas mixture, laying the foundation for subsequent separation and conversion processes. The inertial staged separation mechanism is located inside the shell 1 and communicates with the air inlet. The inertial staged separation mechanism has multiple parallel inertial separation channels arranged from top to bottom, and each inertial staged separation channel... The cross-sectional area of ​​the inertial separation channel increases from top to bottom to create a velocity gradient as the coal-gas mixture passes through, thereby inertially separating the coal and gas mixture. By setting up multiple parallel inertial separation channels with different cross-sectional areas, inertial separation is achieved using the velocity gradient. This allows for the initial separation of coal and gas based on differences in coal particle size and airflow velocity, improving the efficiency of subsequent separation processes and reducing the burden on subsequent processing. The centrifugal separation mechanism is located within the housing 1 and downstream of the inertial separation mechanism. It is used for centrifugal fine separation of the mixture after inertial separation to separate coal and gas. Based on inertial staged separation, a centrifugal separation mechanism further precisely separates pulverized coal and methane gas, improving the purity of the separation and providing purer feedstock for subsequent pulverized coal gasification and methane reforming, thereby enhancing overall conversion efficiency and power generation. A pulverized coal gasifier 12 is located inside the shell 1 and connected to the pulverized coal outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism. This connection allows the separated pulverized coal to directly enter the gasifier for gasification, realizing the resource utilization of pulverized coal and converting it into syngas usable for power generation, thus improving energy efficiency. A methane reformer 14 is located inside the shell 1 and connected to the centrifugal separation mechanism. The methane outlet of the centrifugal separator is connected to the methane outlet of the methane reformer 14, ensuring that the separated methane can undergo timely reforming to convert it into syngas suitable for power generation. This syngas is then used in conjunction with the syngas produced by pulverized coal gasification for power generation, improving the energy conversion rate of the gas. A solid oxide fuel cell 16 is housed within the casing 1. The anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 16 is connected to the syngas outlets of the pulverized coal gasifier 12 and the methane reformer 14, while its cathode is connected to an air inlet 161. The solid oxide fuel cell 16 converts the chemical energy of the syngas produced by the pulverized coal gasifier 12 and the methane reformer 14 into electrical energy, achieving in-situ power generation. The anode's connection to the syngas outlet and the cathode's connection to the air inlet 161 provide the necessary conditions for the electrochemical reaction, enabling efficient energy conversion and meeting the power demands of the coal seam drilling site.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the inertial grading and separation mechanism includes a gas diversion chamber 2 and a separator 3. One end of the gas diversion chamber 2 is connected to the air inlet of the shell 1. The separator 3 is disposed in the middle of the gas diversion chamber 2 to divide the gas diversion chamber 2 into a first inertial separation channel 4 and a second inertial separation channel 5. The first inertial separation channel 4 is located above the separator 3, and its cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the second inertial separation channel 5 located below the separator 3. This ensures that the flow velocity of the coal powder and gas mixture entering the first inertial separation channel 4 is greater than that entering the second inertial separation channel 5. The structural design of the gas diversion chamber 2 and the separator 3 clearly constructs two inertial separation channels with different cross-sectional areas. The flow velocity difference is formed by the difference in cross-sectional area, which helps to more accurately perform preliminary separation based on the different inertia of coal powder particles. Larger coal powder particles tend to enter the slower second inertial separation channel 5, while smaller coal powder particles and gas are more likely to enter the faster first inertial separation channel 4, thus improving the effect of inertial grading and separation.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the separator 3 near the air inlet of the housing 1 is an inclined end, and the inclined end is inclined from bottom to top towards the air inlet of the housing 1. The top edge of the inclined end is the separation boundary between the first inertial separation channel 4 and the second inertial separation channel 5. The inclined end design of the separator 3 guides the coal powder gas mixture to flow more smoothly into different inertial separation channels. At the same time, the top edge of the inclined end serves as the separation boundary, further clarifying the flow path of the mixture, enhancing the stability and reliability of the inertial staged separation, and making the separation process more orderly.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlets of the first inertial separation channel 4 and the second inertial separation channel 5 is 1:2 to 1:3.5. This ratio can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual distribution characteristics of coal powder particles. By optimizing the airflow distribution of different channels, large coal powder particles are more easily separated from the airflow in the first inertial separation channel 4 with a higher flow rate due to strong inertia, while small coal powder particles enter the second inertial separation channel 5 with a relatively lower flow rate, laying the foundation for subsequent classification processing.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the separator 3 has a third inertial separation channel 6 inside. A louvered filter baffle is installed on the inclined end face of the separator 3. The louvered filter baffle connects the third inertial separation channel 6 with the second inertial separation channel 5 and filters the airflow entering the third inertial separation channel 6 from the second inertial separation channel 5. The arrangement of the third inertial separation channel 6 and the louvered filter baffle increases the flexibility and precision of the separation. The louvered filter baffle can be adjusted in opening as needed to control the flow rate and particle size of the mixed gas entering the third inertial separation channel 6, further optimizing the inertial classification separation effect and adapting to different coal powder concentrations and particle distributions.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional area ratio of the inlet of the third inertial separation channel 6 to the air inlet of the second inertial separation channel 5 is 1:1.2 to 1:1.5. This ratio range is set to balance the air intake of the third inertial separation channel 6 and the second inertial separation channel 5, ensuring that in the mixed gas with a relatively low flow rate in the second inertial separation channel 5, some of the airflow carrying medium particles or a specific proportion of coal powder can enter the third inertial separation channel 6 through the louvered filter baffle, thereby achieving more detailed classification.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a first slope and a second slope. The first slope is fixedly connected to the top surface of the separator 3 and located within the first inertial separation channel 4. The second slope is inverted and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the separator 3 and located within the second inertial separation channel 5. The arrangement of the first slope and the second slope changes the airflow field within the inertial separation channel, which helps the coal powder particles to settle and separate better under the action of the airflow.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the centrifugal separation mechanism includes a centrifugal separation chamber 27, a first centrifugal separation channel, a first separation spiral 7, a second centrifugal separation channel, a second separation spiral, a third centrifugal separation channel, a third separation spiral, a first gas inlet channel, a second gas inlet channel 8, a third gas inlet channel, a first pulverized coal inlet channel, a second pulverized coal inlet channel, a third pulverized coal inlet channel 28, and a pulverized coal collection hopper 11. One end of the first centrifugal separation channel is connected to the first inertial separation channel 4, and the other end extends into the centrifugal separation chamber 27 and is connected to the first gas inlet channel and the first pulverized coal inlet channel. The inlet of the first gas inlet channel is located above the first pulverized coal inlet channel. The outlet of the gas inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber 27. The first coal powder inlet channel is vertically arranged, and its bottom end is connected to the coal powder collection hopper 11. The first separation spiral 7 is installed in the first centrifugal separation channel to exert centrifugal force on the mixture discharged from the first inertial separation channel 4 through rotation, separating the coal powder carried therein into the first coal powder inlet channel and flowing into the coal powder collection hopper 11. One end of the second centrifugal separation channel is connected to the third inertial separation channel 6, and the other end extends into the centrifugal separation chamber 27 and is connected to the second gas inlet channel 8 and the second coal powder inlet channel. The inlet of the second gas inlet channel 8 is located above the second coal powder inlet channel. The outlet of channel 8 is connected to the outlet of centrifugal separation chamber 27. The second coal powder inlet channel is vertically arranged, and its bottom end is connected to the coal powder collection hopper 11. The second separation spiral is installed in the second centrifugal separation channel to exert centrifugal force on the mixture discharged from the third inertial separation channel 6 through rotation, separating the coal powder carried therein into the second coal powder inlet channel and flowing into the coal powder collection hopper 11. One end of the third centrifugal separation channel is connected to the second inertial separation channel 5, and the other end extends into the centrifugal separation chamber 27 and is connected to the third gas inlet channel and the third coal powder inlet channel 28. The inlet of the third gas inlet channel is located above the third coal powder inlet channel 28. The outlet of the third pulverized coal inlet channel 28 is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber 27. The third pulverized coal inlet channel 28 is vertically arranged, and its bottom end is connected to the pulverized coal collection hopper 11. The third separation spiral is installed in the third centrifugal separation channel to exert centrifugal force on the mixture discharged from the second inertial separation channel 5 through rotation, separating the pulverized coal carried therein into the third pulverized coal inlet channel 28 and flowing into the pulverized coal collection hopper 11. The bottom of the pulverized coal collection hopper 11 is connected to the pulverized coal gasifier 12. The detailed centrifugal separation mechanism design, through the cooperation of multiple centrifugal separation channels, separation spirals, and corresponding pulverized coal and gas channels, performs comprehensive and fine centrifugal separation of the mixture after inertial classification separation. Different centrifugal separation channels correspond to the mixtures discharged from different inertial separation channels, further improving the targeting and accuracy of the separation.The coal powder collection hopper 11 collects the separated coal powder and connects it to the coal powder gasifier 12 to ensure that the coal powder can smoothly enter the gasification process and realize the effective utilization of coal powder.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the centrifugal separation mechanism further includes a gas inlet main pipe, a coal powder filter element 9, and a purification filter element 10. The gas inlet main pipe is disposed within the centrifugal separation chamber 27. The first centrifugal separation channel, the second centrifugal separation channel, and the third centrifugal separation channel are all horizontally arranged and all communicate with the middle of the gas inlet main pipe. The bottom of the gas inlet main pipe is connected to the coal powder collection hopper 11. The coal powder filter element 9 is disposed at the communication position between the bottom of the gas inlet main pipe and the coal powder collection hopper 11. The top of the gas inlet main pipe is connected to the top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber 27. The impurity removal filter 10 is located at the top of the gas inlet main pipe, connecting to the top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber 27. The top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber 27 is connected to the methane reformer 14. The gas inlet main pipe integrates gas from different centrifugal separation channels. The pulverized coal filter 9 further intercepts pulverized coal particles that may be mixed into the gas flow. The impurity removal filter 10 removes impurities from the gas, ensuring the purity of the gas entering the methane reformer 14, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of the methane reforming reaction and ensuring the stability and efficiency of the subsequent power generation process.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a methane separator 13, a multi-layer gas purifier 15, a tail gas discharge pipe 17, and a tail gas solenoid valve 18. One end of the methane separator 13 is connected to the pulverized coal gasifier 12, the methane outlet of the methane separator 13 is connected to the inlet of the methane reformer 14, the syngas outlet of the methane separator 13 is connected to the inlet of the multi-layer gas purifier 15, the outlet of the methane separator 13 is connected to the inlet of the multi-layer gas purifier 15, the outlet of the multi-layer gas purifier 15 is connected to the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 16, one end of the tail gas discharge pipe 17 is connected to the tail gas discharge port of the multi-layer gas purifier 15, and the tail gas solenoid valve 18 is installed on the tail gas discharge pipe 17 to control its on / off state. The methane separator 13 separates the methane from the syngas generated by the pulverized coal gasifier 12 and transports it to the methane reformer 14, thereby improving the quality and usability of the syngas. The multi-layer gas purifier 15 further purifies the syngas, ensuring the purity of the gas entering the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 16, preventing battery poisoning, extending battery life, and improving power generation efficiency. The exhaust pipe 17 and the exhaust solenoid valve 18 control exhaust emissions, ensuring the safety and environmental friendliness of the device's operating environment.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a steam input pipe 30, a steam storage tank 29, a first steam output pipe, a first jet port 19, a first solenoid valve 20, a second steam output pipe, a second jet port 21, a second solenoid valve 22, a third steam output pipe, a third solenoid valve 23, a fourth steam output pipe, a fourth jet port 24, a fourth solenoid valve 25, and a fifth solenoid valve 26. The steam storage tank 29 is installed inside the housing 1. One end of the steam input pipe 30 is connected to the anode exhaust port of the solid oxide fuel cell 16, and the other end is connected to the input end of the steam storage tank 29. One end of the first steam output pipe is connected to the output end of the steam storage tank 29, and the other end extends into the first centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the first jet port 19. The first solenoid valve 20 is installed on the first steam output pipe to control its on / off state. One end of the second steam output pipe is connected to the output end of the steam storage tank 29, and the other end extends into the first centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the first jet port 19. The first solenoid valve 20 is installed on the first steam output pipe to control its on / off state. One end of the second steam output pipe is connected to the output end of the steam storage tank 29, and the other end extends into the first centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the first jet port 19. The steam system extends into the second centrifugal separation channel and is equipped with a second jet port 21. A second solenoid valve 22 is installed on the second steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. One end of the third steam output pipeline is connected to the output end of the steam storage tank 29, and the other end is connected to the first separation screw 7, the second separation screw and the third separation screw respectively to drive them to rotate. A third solenoid valve 23 is installed on the third steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. One end of the fourth steam output pipeline is connected to the output end of the steam storage tank 29, and the other end extends to the bottom of the coal powder collection hopper 11 and is equipped with a fourth jet port 24. A fourth solenoid valve 25 is installed on the fourth steam output pipeline to control its on / off state, and a fifth solenoid valve 26 is installed on the steam input pipeline 30 to control its on / off state. This steam system utilizes the steam discharged from the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 16, and through the cooperation of multiple steam output pipelines, jet ports and solenoid valves, it achieves an auxiliary role in the centrifugal separation process and coal powder collection. Steam can accelerate the airflow in the centrifugal separation channel, improve separation efficiency, drive the separation screw to rotate, and at the same time prevent coal powder from accumulating in the collection hopper, realizing the recycling of energy and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency and operational stability of the device.

[0035] Example 2 This embodiment also provides a method for using the pulverized coal gas adaptive separation and synergistic conversion in-situ power generation device as described in any of Embodiment 1, including the following steps: Equipment installation and preparation: The entire device, including the housing 1 and all components, is placed into the coal seam borehole to ensure a smooth connection between the air inlet of the housing 1 and the gas mixture containing coal powder in the coal seam borehole.

[0036] Inertial gradation separation: The coal-powdered gas mixture enters the gas distribution chamber 2 through the inlet of the shell 1. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the first inertial separation channel 4 is smaller than that of the second inertial separation channel 5, the flow velocity of the gas mixture entering the first inertial separation channel 4 is greater than that entering the second inertial separation channel 5. During this process, based on the size and inertia of the coal particles, larger coal particles tend to enter the slower-flowing second inertial separation channel 5, while smaller coal particles and gas are more likely to enter the faster-flowing first inertial separation channel 4, achieving preliminary inertial classification and separation. The inclined end of separator 3 guides the mixed gas to flow separately, with the top edge of the inclined end serving as a clear separation boundary to enhance the stability of the flow separation. Simultaneously, the louvered filter baffle has an adjustable opening to control the flow rate and particle size of the mixed gas entering the third inertial separation channel 6, further optimizing the separation effect. The first and second slopes alter the airflow field within the inertial separation channels, promoting better settling and separation of pulverized coal particles and improving the efficiency of inertial staged separation. When the air volume is low, more air flows through the inertial separation channel 4, allowing the gas to go to the uppermost part first, prioritizing the reformer reaction. When the air volume is high, the second and third inertial separation channels 5 and 6 act as a "flood discharge" channel.

[0037] Centrifugal separation: After inertial separation, the mixture from the first inertial separation channel 4 enters the first centrifugal separation channel. The first separation spiral 7 rotates to generate centrifugal force, separating the coal powder into the first coal powder inlet channel and flowing into the coal powder collection hopper 11. The gas enters the centrifugal separation chamber 27 through the first gas inlet channel.

[0038] The mixture from the third inertial separation channel 6 enters the second centrifugal separation channel. The second separation spiral also separates the coal powder into the second coal powder inlet channel and flows into the coal powder collection hopper 11 by rotation. The gas enters the centrifugal separation chamber 27 through the second gas inlet channel 8.

[0039] The mixture from the second inertial separation channel 5 enters the third centrifugal separation channel. The rotation of the third separation spiral separates the coal powder into the third coal powder inlet channel 28 and flows into the coal powder collection hopper 11. The gas enters the centrifugal separation chamber 27 through the third gas inlet channel.

[0040] Inside the centrifugal separation chamber 27, the gas inlet manifold integrates gas from different centrifugal separation channels, the coal powder filter 9 intercepts coal powder particles that may be mixed into the gas flow, and the impurity removal filter 10 removes impurities from the gas to ensure the purity of the gas entering the methane reformer 14.

[0041] Pulverized coal gasification and gas reforming: The coal powder collected in the coal powder collection hopper 11 enters the coal powder gasifier 12 from the bottom. Inside the coal powder gasifier 12, the coal powder undergoes a gasification reaction (water-gas reaction) C + H2O → CO + H2, generating syngas.

[0042] The purified methane gas enters the methane reformer 14 from the top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber 27. Inside the methane reformer 14, methane undergoes a reforming reaction CH4 + H2O → CO + 3H2, converting it into syngas suitable for power generation.

[0043] If the syngas produced by the pulverized coal gasifier 12 contains methane, the methane separator 13 will separate the methane and send it to the methane reformer 14 to improve the quality of the syngas.

[0044] Gas purification and power generation: The syngas produced by the pulverized coal gasifier 12 and the methane reformer 14 enters the multi-layer gas purifier 15 for deep purification to remove any possible impurities, ensuring that the gas entering the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 16 is pure and preventing battery poisoning.

[0045] Air enters the cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell 16 through the air inlet 161 and undergoes an electrochemical reaction with the synthesis gas entering the anode to achieve in-situ power generation.

[0046] Steam utilization and exhaust gas treatment: The steam discharged from the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 16 enters the steam storage tank 29 through the steam input pipe 30. The steam in the steam storage tank 29 provides power to the first jet port 19 and the second jet port 21 in the first and second centrifugal separation channels through the first steam output pipe and the second steam output pipe, respectively, to accelerate the airflow in the channels and improve the centrifugal separation efficiency.

[0047] The third steam output pipeline provides power to the first separation spiral 7, the second separation spiral, and the third separation spiral, driving them to rotate.

[0048] The fourth steam output pipeline supplies steam to the fourth jet port 24 at the bottom of the pulverized coal collection hopper 11, preventing pulverized coal from accumulating inside the hopper. Solenoid valves on each steam output pipeline control the flow of steam, enabling precise control of steam usage.

[0049] The exhaust gas generated by the multi-layer gas purifier 15 is discharged through the exhaust gas discharge pipe 17, and the exhaust gas solenoid valve 18 controls the exhaust gas discharge to ensure the safety and environmental protection of the device's operating environment.

[0050] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A coal-fired gas adaptive separation and synergistic conversion in-situ power generation device, characterized in that: include: A housing, the housing being inserted into a coal seam borehole, and an air inlet being provided at one end of the housing extending into the coal seam borehole; An inertial classification and separation mechanism is disposed inside the housing and connected to the air inlet. The inertial classification and separation mechanism has multiple parallel inertial separation channels arranged from top to bottom, and the cross-sectional area of ​​each inertial separation channel is distributed from small to large in the direction from top to bottom, so as to form a velocity gradient when the coal powder and gas mixture passes through, thereby performing inertial classification and separation of the coal powder and gas mixture. A centrifugal separation mechanism is provided inside the housing and downstream of the inertial classification separation mechanism. It is used to perform centrifugal fine separation on the mixture after inertial classification separation to separate coal powder and methane gas. A pulverized coal gasifier, wherein the pulverized coal gasifier is disposed within the housing and connected to the pulverized coal outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism; A methane reformer, wherein the methane reformer is disposed within the housing and connected to the methane outlet of the centrifugal separation mechanism; A solid oxide fuel cell is disposed within the housing. The anode of the solid oxide fuel cell is connected to the synthesis gas outlet of the pulverized coal gasifier and the methane reformer, and its cathode is connected to an air inlet.

2. The in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inertial classification and separation mechanism includes a gas diversion chamber and a separator. One end of the gas diversion chamber is connected to the air inlet of the shell. The separator is disposed in the middle of the gas diversion chamber to divide the gas diversion chamber into a first inertial separation channel and a second inertial separation channel. The first inertial separation channel is located above the separator, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first inertial separation channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inertial separation channel located below the separator, so that the flow velocity of the coal-powder gas mixture entering the first inertial separation channel is greater than the flow velocity entering the second inertial separation channel.

3. The in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the separator near the air inlet of the housing is an inclined end, and the inclined end is inclined from bottom to top towards the air inlet of the housing. The top edge of the inclined end is the separation boundary between the first inertial separation channel and the second inertial separation channel.

4. The in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separator has a third inertial separation channel inside, and a louvered filter baffle is installed on the end face of the inclined end of the separator. The louvered filter baffle is used to connect the third inertial separation channel and the second inertial separation channel, and can filter the airflow entering the third inertial separation channel from the second inertial separation channel.

5. The in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a first slope and a second slope. The first slope is fixedly connected to the top surface of the separating member and located within the first inertial separation channel. The second slope is inverted and fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the separating member and located within the second inertial separation channel.

6. The in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The centrifugal separation mechanism includes a centrifugal separation chamber, a first centrifugal separation channel, a first separation spiral, a second centrifugal separation channel, a second separation spiral, a third centrifugal separation channel, a third separation spiral, a first gas inlet channel, a second gas inlet channel, a third gas inlet channel, a first coal powder inlet channel, a second coal powder inlet channel, a third coal powder inlet channel, and a coal powder collection hopper. One end of the first centrifugal separation channel is connected to the first inertial separation channel, and the other end extends into the centrifugal separation chamber and is connected to the first gas inlet channel and the first coal powder inlet channel. The inlet of the first gas inlet channel is located above the first coal powder inlet channel, and the outlet of the first gas inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The first coal powder inlet channel is vertically arranged, and the bottom end of the first coal powder inlet channel is connected to the coal powder collection hopper. The first separation spiral is installed in the first centrifugal separation channel to exert centrifugal force on the mixture exported from the first inertial separation channel by rotation, separating the coal powder carried therein to the first coal powder inlet channel and flowing into the coal powder collection hopper. One end of the second centrifugal separation channel is connected to the third inertial separation channel, and the other end extends into the centrifugal separation chamber and is connected to the second gas inlet channel and the second coal powder inlet channel. The inlet of the second gas inlet channel is located above the second coal powder inlet channel, and the outlet of the second gas inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The second coal powder inlet channel is vertically arranged, and the bottom end of the second coal powder inlet channel is connected to the coal powder collection hopper. The second separation spiral is installed in the second centrifugal separation channel to exert centrifugal force on the mixture exported from the third inertial separation channel by rotation, thereby separating the coal powder carried therein to the second coal powder inlet channel and flowing into the coal powder collection hopper. One end of the third centrifugal separation channel is connected to the second inertial separation channel, and the other end extends into the centrifugal separation chamber and is connected to the third gas inlet channel and the third coal powder inlet channel. The inlet of the third gas inlet channel is located above the third coal powder inlet channel, and the outlet of the third gas inlet channel is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The third coal powder inlet channel is vertically arranged, and the bottom end of the third coal powder inlet channel is connected to the coal powder collection hopper. The third separation spiral is installed in the third centrifugal separation channel to exert centrifugal force on the mixture exported from the second inertial separation channel by rotation, separating the coal powder carried therein to the third coal powder inlet channel and flowing into the coal powder collection hopper. The bottom of the pulverized coal collection hopper is connected to the pulverized coal gasifier.

7. The in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The centrifugal separation mechanism further includes a gas inlet main pipe, a pulverized coal filter, and a purification filter. The gas inlet main pipe is disposed in the centrifugal separation chamber. The first centrifugal separation channel, the second centrifugal separation channel, and the third centrifugal separation channel are all horizontally arranged and all communicate with the middle part of the gas inlet main pipe. The bottom of the gas inlet main pipe is connected to the pulverized coal collection hopper. The pulverized coal filter is disposed at the position where the bottom of the gas inlet main pipe communicates with the pulverized coal collection hopper. The top of the gas inlet main pipe is connected to the top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The purification filter is disposed at the position where the top of the gas inlet main pipe communicates with the top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber. The top outlet of the centrifugal separation chamber is connected to the methane reformer.

8. The in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a methane separator, a multi-layer gas purifier, a tail gas emission pipe, and a tail gas solenoid valve. One end of the methane separator is connected to the pulverized coal gasifier, the methane outlet of the methane separator is connected to the inlet of the methane reformer, the syngas outlet of the methane separator is connected to the inlet of the multi-layer gas purifier, the outlet of the methane separator is connected to the inlet of the multi-layer gas purifier, the outlet of the multi-layer gas purifier is connected to the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell, one end of the tail gas emission pipe is connected to the tail gas emission port of the multi-layer gas purifier, and the tail gas solenoid valve is installed on the tail gas emission pipe to control its on / off state.

9. The in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a steam input pipeline, a steam storage tank, a first steam output pipeline, a first jet port, a first solenoid valve, a second steam output pipeline, a second jet port, a second solenoid valve, a third steam output pipeline, a third solenoid valve, a fourth steam output pipeline, a fourth jet port, a fourth solenoid valve, and a fifth solenoid valve. The steam storage tank is installed inside the housing. One end of the steam input pipeline is connected to the anode exhaust port of the solid oxide fuel cell, and the other end is connected to the input end of the steam storage tank. One end of the first steam output pipeline is connected to the output end of the steam storage tank, and the other end extends into the first centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the first jet port. The first solenoid valve is installed on the first steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. One end of the second steam output pipeline is connected to the steam storage tank. The output end of the device is connected, and the other end extends into the second centrifugal separation channel and is provided with the second jet port. The second solenoid valve is installed on the second steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. One end of the third steam output pipeline is connected to the output end of the steam storage device, and the other end is connected to the first separation screw, the second separation screw and the third separation screw respectively to drive them to rotate. The third solenoid valve is installed on the third steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. One end of the fourth steam output pipeline is connected to the output end of the steam storage device, and the other end extends to the bottom of the coal powder collection hopper and is provided with the fourth jet port. The fourth solenoid valve is installed on the fourth steam output pipeline to control its on / off state. The fifth solenoid valve is installed on the steam input pipeline to control its on / off state.

10. A method of using the in-situ power generation device for adaptive separation and synergistic conversion of pulverized coal gas as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Inertial Classification and Separation: The coal powder-containing gas mixture is introduced into the shell through the air inlet and flows through the inertial classification and separation mechanism. In the inertial classification and separation mechanism, the gas mixture flows through multiple parallel inertial separation channels with cross-sectional areas increasing from top to bottom, thereby forming a velocity gradient from top to bottom. Based on this velocity gradient and the inertial differences of the coal powder particles themselves, the initial inertial classification and separation of the mixture is achieved. S2. Centrifugal fine separation: The mixture after inertial classification separation in step S1 is introduced into the centrifugal separation mechanism inside the shell. The centrifugal force field generated by the centrifugal separation mechanism is used to perform secondary fine separation of the mixture to finally separate the coal powder flow and the gas flow. S3. Co-gasification and reforming: The pulverized coal separated in step S2 is fed into the pulverized coal gasifier inside the shell to undergo a gasification reaction to generate syngas; at the same time, the gas stream separated in step S2 is filtered and fed into the methane reformer inside the shell to undergo a reforming reaction to generate syngas. S4. In-situ power generation: The synthesis gas generated by the pulverized coal gasifier and the methane reformer in step S3 is introduced into the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell inside the shell; at the same time, air is introduced into the cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell. Based on the electrochemical reaction of the solid oxide fuel cell, in-situ power generation within coal seam boreholes is achieved.

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