Automatic gearbox oil complexing agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic gearbox oil complexing agent and a preparation method thereof, and the automatic gearbox oil complexing agent is characterized by comprising the following components by mass: 0.6-1.5% of a clearing agent, 30-55% of a dispersant, 3-7% of an antioxidant, 3-9% of an extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 5-10% of a friction modifier, 1-2% of an antirust agent, 20-30% of a viscosity index improver, and the balance of neutral base oil, the dispersant is a combination of self-made phosphorus-boronized polyisobutylene succinimide (the molecular weight Mn of PIB is 550 to 750) and high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (the molecular weight Mn of PIB is 1300 to 2300) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (the molecular weight Mn of PIB is 550 to 900). The automatic transmission oil prepared by the automatic transmission oil complexing agent can maintain friction performance in a full temperature range for different types of AT automatic transmissions, and has excellent gear shifting feeling; meanwhile, the anti-vibration durability is excellent, and the service life and the oil change period of the automatic gearbox can be effectively prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricating oil additives, and more specifically to an automatic transmission oil compound and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) is a crucial lubricating medium in automotive transmission systems, and its performance directly affects the efficiency and lifespan of the automatic transmission. With the development of the automotive industry, the performance requirements for automatic transmission fluid are becoming increasingly stringent, particularly in terms of high-temperature operating conditions, friction characteristics, and anti-wear properties.

[0003] Specifically, General Motors was the first to propose automatic transmission fluid (ATV) specifications. Currently, major international automakers all have their own ATV specifications, such as GM's Dexron VI, Ford's MERCON LV, Toyota / Lexus Type T / T-II / T-III / T-IV, BMW MINI 83 22 0 402 413, and Nissan's MATICS. While different OEM specifications have different performance requirements for ATVs, they all place high demands on the fluid's antioxidant properties, friction characteristics, anti-vibration properties, and extreme pressure anti-wear properties. For example, the Dexron VI specification has extremely stringent requirements for friction characteristics (P-disc friction test) and anti-vibration properties (ASD test). This is because automotive powertrain fluids require specific friction characteristics under extremely harsh temperature and pressure conditions to ensure normal vehicle operation. Currently, automatic transmission fluids on the market are mainly composed of base oils and various additives in compound formulations. There are no compound products that can meet the above OEM specifications. Automatic transmission fluid compound formulations have great potential for improvement in terms of friction characteristics and anti-vibration performance.

[0004] In addition, existing automatic transmission fluid compound additives also have the following problems: (1) How to balance friction characteristics, anti-vibration performance and extreme pressure anti-wear properties, while improving the dispersibility of automatic transmission fluid; (2) Automatic transmission fluid needs to have better thermal oxidation stability and detergency and dispersibility under high temperature conditions (up to about 160°C).

[0005] In view of the actual situation of the above-mentioned automatic transmission fluid, as prior art, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, etc., have been proposed.

[0006] Patent document 1 discloses a long-life ATF automatic transmission oil and its preparation method. This patent uses triphenyl thiophosphate as an extreme pressure anti-wear agent and ethylene glycol oleate as a friction modifier. It does not reflect the balance between its anti-wear properties and friction characteristics, nor the high-temperature detergency and dispersancy properties of the oil. It is evaluated only by rotating oxygen bomb, and the friction durability and detergency and dispersancy properties of the oil cannot be guaranteed.

[0007] Patent document 2 discloses a combination application of low viscosity automatic transmission oil. This patent uses dioctyl diphenylamine as an antioxidant and calcium sulfonate as a detergent. The patent does not reflect the evaluation of detergent dispersant and high temperature thermal oxidation performance. If no dispersant is added to the formula, the oil is prone to sludge at high temperature, and the oil change cycle may be shorter.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high sludge dispersibility, excellent friction characteristics and anti-vibration performance, suitable for different types of automatic transmission fluids (ATF) to meet the usage needs of different vehicles.

[0009] Existing technical documents

[0010] Patent documents

[0011] Patent Document 1: CN118685215A

[0012] Patent Document 2: CN117778081A Summary of the Invention

[0013] To address the challenges of balancing frictional properties, anti-vibration performance, and extreme pressure anti-wear properties in existing automatic transmission fluids, as well as the insufficient thermal oxidation stability and detergency / dispersibility under high-temperature conditions, and to achieve superior thermal detergency / dispersibility, extreme pressure anti-wear and anti-rust properties, frictional properties, and anti-vibration performance, this invention provides an automatic transmission fluid compound.

[0014] Specifically, the present invention relates to an automatic transmission fluid compound, the composition of which, by mass, is: 0.6-1.5% detergent, 30-55% dispersant, 3-7% antioxidant, 3-9% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 5-10% friction modifier, 1-2% rust inhibitor, 20-30% viscosity index improver, and the balance being neutral base oil. The dispersant is a combination of self-made phosphoro-boryl polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn of 550-750) and high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn of 1300-2300) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn of 550-900).

[0015] This invention also relates to a method for preparing an automatic transmission fluid compound, characterized in that: 30-55% by mass of dispersant and 0.6-1.5% by mass of detergent are added to a container, and while stirring, the temperature is raised to 50-65°C. Simultaneously, 3-7% by mass of antioxidant, 3-9% by mass of extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 1-2% by mass of rust inhibitor, 5-10% by mass of friction modifier, 20-30% by mass of viscosity index improver, and the balance being base oil are added sequentially. The mixture is kept at 50-65°C and stirred for 2.5-3 hours. The mixture is then filtered to obtain the automatic transmission fluid compound.

[0016] The dispersant is a combination of self-made phosphoro-boryl polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-750) and high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 1300-2300) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-900).

[0017] Invention Effects

[0018] The automatic transmission fluid compound of the present invention solves the problems of balancing friction characteristics, anti-vibration performance and extreme pressure anti-wear performance in existing automatic transmission fluids, as well as insufficient thermal oxidation stability and detergency and dispersibility under high temperature conditions, and achieves excellent thermal detergency and dispersibility, extreme pressure anti-wear and anti-rust performance, friction characteristics and anti-vibration performance. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only for explaining this invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] This invention relates to an automatic transmission fluid compound, the composition of which, by weight, is: 0.6-1.5% detergent, 30-55% dispersant, 3-7% antioxidant, 3-9% extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 5-10% friction modifier, 1-2% rust inhibitor, 20-30% viscosity index improver, and the balance being neutral base oil. The dispersant is a combination of self-made phosphoro-boryl polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn of 550-750) and high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn of 1300-2300) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn of 550-900).

[0021] The components constituting the automatic transmission fluid compound of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0022] (1) Automatic transmission fluid compound

[0023] (1-1) Dispersant

[0024] Dispersants fulfill the detergency and dispersibility requirements of oils under high and low temperature conditions, inhibit the formation of carbon deposits and varnish on the surfaces of torque converters and hydraulic system vane pumps, and effectively control the increase in tractor oil viscosity. Furthermore, they effectively improve the frictional properties of the oil, enhancing the shifting feel in vehicles.

[0025] The content of the dispersant in the automatic transmission fluid compound of the present invention is 30-55% by mass, preferably 45-55%, and more preferably 45-50%.

[0026] In addition, the dispersant of the present invention is a combination of self-made phosphoro-boryl polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-750) and high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 1300-2300) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-900).

[0027] The ratio of high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 1300-2300) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-900) to self-made phosphoro-boronized polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-750) is 2:3 to 3:5 by mass.

[0028] It should be noted that there are no particular limitations on the high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn of 1300-2300) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn of 550-900), and known commercially available products can be used. Furthermore, the self-made phosphorus-boronized polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn of 550-750) can be obtained, for example, by using the method described in the examples.

[0029] (1-2) Cleaning agent

[0030] The purpose of detergents is to neutralize the acidic oxidation products and acidic gums produced in the oil due to high-temperature oxidation. They also have excellent high-temperature detergency and thermal stability, and can promptly clean the varnish and deposits on the surface of the torque converter and shaft, effectively controlling the increase in viscosity of the automatic transmission oil.

[0031] The detergent content of the present invention is 0.6 to 1.5% by mass in 100% automatic transmission fluid compound, preferably 0.6 to 1.5%, and more preferably 1.0 to 1.5%.

[0032] The detergent of the present invention is at least one of high-alkalinity borated synthetic calcium sulfonate (300TBN), high-alkalinity alkyl salicylate (350TBN), and high-alkalinity sulfurized alkylphenol calcium (250TBN), more preferably high-alkalinity borated synthetic calcium sulfonate (300TBN). It should be noted that there are no particular limitations on the high-alkalinity borated synthetic calcium sulfonate (300TBN), high-alkalinity alkyl salicylate (350TBN), and high-alkalinity sulfurized alkylphenol calcium (250TBN), and known commercially available products can be used.

[0033] (1-3) Rust inhibitor

[0034] Rust inhibitors can improve the rust-preventive properties of automotive automatic transmission fluid. Ashless rust inhibitors should be used depending on the actual operating conditions.

[0035] The rust inhibitor content of the present invention is 1.0 to 2.0% by mass in 100% of the automatic transmission fluid compound, preferably 1.0 to 1.85%, and more preferably 1.5 to 1.8%.

[0036] The rust inhibitor of the present invention is preferably at least one selected from amide-based rust inhibitors, alkenyl succinic acid, alkenyl succinic acid derivatives, and imidazoline-based rust inhibitors. There are no particular limitations on these rust inhibitors; known commercially available products can be used.

[0037] (1-4) Extreme pressure anti-wear agents

[0038] Extreme pressure anti-wear agents are used to provide extreme pressure lubrication. Extreme pressure lubricants are even more necessary for gear systems in transmissions to ensure adequate lubrication performance of the equipment.

[0039] The extreme pressure anti-wear agent of the present invention has a content of 3-9% by mass in 100% of the automatic transmission fluid compound, preferably 4-9%, and more preferably 5-7%.

[0040] The extreme pressure anti-wear agent of the present invention is at least one of oleyl phosphite and alkyl phosphonate, more preferably a combination of oleyl phosphite and alkyl phosphonate. There are no particular limitations on these extreme pressure anti-wear agents, and known commercially available products can be used. Wherein the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is a combination of oleyl phosphite and alkyl phosphonate, the ratio of oleyl phosphite to alkyl phosphonate, by mass, is 4:2 to 6:2, preferably 4:2 to 5:2.

[0041] (1-5) Friction modifiers

[0042] Friction modifiers can improve the anti-wear and friction-reducing properties, as well as the anti-vibration and durability of automotive automatic transmission fluid.

[0043] The content of the friction modifier of the present invention is 5-10%, 6-10%, preferably 6-8% by mass in 100% of the automatic transmission fluid compound.

[0044] The friction modifier of this invention is C9-C. 10 At least one of thiadiazole thiol condensate and glyceryl isostearate, preferably glyceryl isostearate and C9-C 10 A combination of thiadiazole thiol condensates. There are no particular limitations on these friction modifiers; known commercially available products can be used. Among them, the friction modifier is glyceryl isostearate and C9-C... 10 In the case of a combination of thiadiazole thiol condensates, glyceryl isostearate with C9-C 10 The ratio of the thiadiazole thiol condensate is 5:3 to 5:1 by mass.

[0045] (1-6) Antioxidants

[0046] Antioxidants enhance the oxidation and aging resistance of automotive automatic transmission fluid, reduce the tendency for sludge and varnish formation, and extend the service life of automotive automatic transmission fluid.

[0047] The antioxidant content of the present invention is 3-7%, 4-7%, preferably 4-6% by mass in 100% of the automatic transmission fluid compound.

[0048] The antioxidant of the present invention is preferably at least one selected from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, dinonyldiphenylamine, 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), and dialkyl dithiocarbamate. There are no particular limitations on these antioxidants, and known commercially available products can be used.

[0049] (1-7) Viscosity index improvers

[0050] Viscosity index improvers can enhance the viscosity-temperature properties of automatic transmission fluids. Since the operating temperature range of automatic transmission fluids is between -40℃ and 160℃, they ensure that the automatic transmission fluid maintains good viscosity and low-temperature performance at different temperatures, thereby improving its transmission efficiency.

[0051] The viscosity index improver of the present invention has a content of 20-30%, 25-30%, preferably 25-28% by mass in 100% of the automatic transmission fluid compound.

[0052] The viscosity index improver of the present invention is preferably a polymethacrylate with a molecular weight (Mn) of 30,000 to 45,000. There are no particular limitations on the viscosity index improver; known commercially available products can be used.

[0053] (1-8) Neutral base oils

[0054] In addition to the additives mentioned above, a neutral base oil is included as a balance component in the automatic transmission fluid compound of this invention. There is no particular limitation on the type of base oil; neutral base oils known in the art can be used, such as 150N and 150SN. It should be noted that N refers to the neutral oil viscosity grade expressed in Saybolt viscosity (seconds) at 37.8°C (100°F), such as 150N, 100N, and 500N. SN refers to paraffin-based neutral oil, whose viscosity is classified according to kinematic viscosity at 40°C.

[0055] (2) Preparation method of automatic transmission fluid compound

[0056] The method for preparing the automatic transmission fluid compound of the present invention is as follows.

[0057] Add 30-55% by mass of dispersant and 0.6-1.5% by mass of detergent to a container, and heat to 50-65°C while stirring. Simultaneously add 3-7% by mass of antioxidant, 3-9% by mass of extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 1-2% by mass of rust inhibitor, 5-10% by mass of friction modifier, 20-30% by mass of viscosity index improver, and the balance base oil. Maintain the temperature at 50-65°C and stir for 2.5-3 hours. Filter to obtain the automatic transmission fluid compound.

[0058] It should be noted that the specific component ratios in this preparation method can be referred to in the above description of "(1) Automatic Transmission Oil Compound".

[0059] Example

[0060] The invention described below will be further described in more detail based on the embodiments.

[0061] (A) Examples A-1 to A-2, Comparative Examples A-1 to A-5

[0062] (A-1) Preparation of Automatic Transmission Fluid Compound

[0063] The automatic transmission fluid compound was prepared according to the component ratios listed in Table 1 below and the method described in "(2) Method for preparing automatic transmission fluid compound" in the instruction manual.

[0064] It should be noted that any known commercially available products can be used for the components. The same applies to the following examples and comparative examples.

[0065] In addition, the self-made phosphorus-boronized polyisobutylene succinimide is prepared by a method comprising the following steps.

[0066] Step 1: Add 1100 grams (1.0 mol) of highly active polyisobutylene (Mn is 550, α-olefin content ≥ 85% by mass) into a 3L stainless steel high-pressure reactor. Protect it with nitrogen, stir and heat up to 220 °C. Slowly add 245.1 grams (2.5 mol) of molten maleic anhydride within 60 minutes. After the addition, slowly raise the temperature in the reactor to 220 - 240 °C, and continuously react at this temperature for 4 hours. After the reaction, blow nitrogen into the reactor to blow out the unreacted maleic anhydride from the reactor.

[0067] Step 2: Add 300 grams of the reaction product from Step 1 and 200 grams of 150N base oil into a 1L four-neck flask. Slowly heat up to 90 - 100 °C and stir evenly, then slowly add 24.5 grams of tetraethylenepentamine, and continuously react at this temperature for 3 hours; then add 27.4 grams of boric acid, and continuously react at this temperature for 3 hours; continue to add 9.0 grams of dimethyl phosphite, and continuously react at this temperature for 2.5 hours. Filter to obtain phosphorus-boronized polyisobutylene succinimide that can be used as a dispersant.

[0068]

Table 1

[0069]

[0070] (A - 2) Evaluation

[0071] Sludge dispersibility

[0072] Measure the sludge performance of the lubricating oil according to the CEC L - 48 - 00 - DKA oxidation method respectively. After oxidation, the sludge grade score is required to be ≤ 1.2. It should be noted that the smaller the score, the stronger the sludge control ability.

[0073] Friction characteristics

[0074] Evaluate the friction characteristics of automotive automatic transmission fluid according to SAE NO2 in Appendix C of the General Dexron VI specification. Among them, the midpoint torque needs to be maintained between 80 Nm and 105 Nm during the 200 - hour test time as qualified. In addition, the smaller the torque change, the better the shift comfort of the oil product.

[0075] Show the evaluation results in Table 2 below.

[0076]

Table 2

[0077]

[0078] From Comparative Example A - 1, it can be seen that when only using high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide, the sludge control is excellent, but the lower limit of the midpoint torque is reduced to 70 nm.

[0079] As can be seen from Comparative Example A-2, when only low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide is used, the DKA value is as high as 2.9, and the lower limit of the midpoint torque is reduced to 23 nm, and the midpoint torque changes drastically.

[0080] As can be seen from Comparative Example A-3, when only the self-made phosphorus-boron polyisobutylene succinimide is used, the DKA value is as high as 1.5, and the lower limit of the midpoint torque is reduced to 78 Nm.

[0081] Comparative Examples A-4 and A-5 show that both excessively low and excessively high levels of dispersant in the compound will affect the frictional characteristics of the oil. This is because excessively high or low boron content in the oil directly affects the coefficient of friction, leading to significant changes in midpoint torque.

[0082] In contrast, in Example A-1, when high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide and self-made phosphoro-boronized polyisobutylene succinimide were used together, the sludge dispersibility (thermal oxidation stability) and friction characteristics were significantly improved, meeting the qualification criteria of the present invention.

[0083] In addition, in Example A-2, when low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide and self-made phosphoro-boron polyisobutylene succinimide were used together, the DKA value increased compared with Example A-1, but still met the standards of the present invention, and the range of midpoint torque also met the standards of the present invention.

[0084] (B) Examples B-1 to B-2, Comparative Examples B-1 to B-2

[0085] (B-1) Preparation of Automatic Transmission Fluid Compound

[0086] The automatic transmission fluid compound was prepared according to the component ratios listed in Table 3 below and the method described in "(2) Method for preparing automatic transmission fluid compound" in the instruction manual.

[0087] It should be noted that all components used are known commercially available products. The same applies to the following examples and comparative examples. The self-made phosphorus-boronized polyisobutylene succinimide was prepared using the same method as described in (A-1) above.

[0088]

Table 3

[0089]

[0090] (B-2) Evaluation

[0091] Sludge dispersibility

[0092] The sludge performance of the lubricating oil was measured according to the CEC L-48-00-DKA oxidation method respectively. After oxidation, the sludge grade score should meet the requirement of ≤ 1.2. It should be noted that the smaller the score, the stronger the sludge control ability.

[0093] Friction characteristics

[0094] The friction characteristics of automotive automatic transmission fluids were evaluated according to SAE NO2 in Appendix C of the General Dexron VI Specification. Among them, the midpoint torque should be maintained between 80 Nm and 105 Nm during the 200-hour test time to be qualified. In addition, the smaller the torque change, the better the shift comfort of the oil product.

[0095] Anti-shudder durability performance

[0096] The anti-shudder durability performance of the oil product was evaluated according to the JASO M349 clutch friction durability test. It should be noted that the longer the time, the better the anti-shudder durability performance of the oil product.

[0097] The evaluation results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0098]

Table 4

[0099]

[0100] From the comparison between Example A-1 and Examples B-1 and B-2 in Tables 3 and 4, it can be seen that the use of highly basic boronated synthetic calcium sulfonate can further improve the friction characteristics and anti-shudder durability performance of the oil product. Regarding the reasons, there are the following considerations. After boronating synthetic calcium sulfonate, the dynamic friction coefficient and stability of the oil product can be improved, and the rapid decrease of the friction coefficient of the oil product can be avoided.

[0101] In addition, from the comparison between Example A-1 and Comparative Examples B-1 and B-2, it can be seen that if the content of highly basic boronated synthetic calcium sulfonate as a detergent is lower than the scope of the present invention, the detergency performance of the oil product will decrease; if the content is higher than the scope of the present invention, boron will fall off from the oil film formed by the friction pair, which will also lead to a decrease in friction durability.

[0102] (C) Example C-1, Comparative Example C-1

[0103] (C-1) Preparation of automatic transmission fluid compound

[0104] According to the component ratios recorded in Table 5 below, an automatic transmission fluid compound was prepared according to the method described in "(2) Preparation method of automatic transmission fluid compound" in the specification.

[0105] It should be noted that all components used are known commercial products. The same applies to the following examples and comparative examples. The self-made phosphorus-boronated polyisobutylene succinimide was prepared by the same method as in (A-1) above.

[0106] [Table 5] Component ratio of automotive automatic transmission fluid (based on 100 parts of total mass)

[0107]

[0108] (C-2) Evaluation

[0109] Rust prevention performance

[0110] The rust prevention performance test of the sample was carried out in accordance with GB / T 11143 - Test method for rust prevention performance of inhibited mineral oils in the presence of water.

[0111] Friction characteristics

[0112] The friction characteristics of automotive automatic transmission fluid were evaluated according to SAE NO2 in Appendix C of General Dexron VI specification. Among them, the midpoint torque needs to be kept between 80 Nm and 105 Nm during the 200-hour test time to be qualified. In addition, the smaller the torque change, the better the shift comfort of the oil product.

[0113] Anti-chudder durability performance

[0114] The anti-chudder durability performance of the oil product was evaluated according to the JASO M349 clutch friction durability test. It should be noted that the longer the time, the better the anti-chudder durability performance of the oil product.

[0115] The evaluation results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0116] [Table 6]

[0117]

[0118] From the comparison between Example A-1, C-1 and Comparative Example C-1, it can be seen that at the same ratio, alkenyl succinic acid derivatives, dinonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid amines, and imidazoline rust inhibitors can all achieve a rust-free effect. However, the midpoint torque value and clutch friction durability of the rust inhibitor dinonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid amine (Comparative Example C-1) are very poor. Regarding the reason, there are the following considerations. The sulfonamide structure has a certain anti-friction effect. Alkenyl succinic acid derivatives have little effect on the friction coefficient. The imidazoline rust inhibitor can better stabilize the friction coefficient because the imidazole molecular structure has a cyclic structure, and the nitrogen atom in it has a lone pair of electrons, with strong adsorption, and is easy to form a uniform and dense protective film to keep the friction coefficient stable.

[0119] (D) Examples D-1 to D-2, Comparative Examples D-1 to D-3

[0120] (D-1) Preparation of Automatic Transmission Fluid Compound

[0121] An automatic transmission fluid compound was prepared according to the component ratios recorded in Table 7 below and the method described in “(2) Preparation Method of Automatic Transmission Fluid Compound” in the specification.

[0122] It should be noted that each component used was a known commercially available product. The same applies to the following examples and comparative examples. The self-made phosphorus-boronated polyisobutylene succinimide was prepared by the same method as in (A-1) above.

[0123]

Table 7

[0124]

[0125] (D-2) Evaluation

[0126] Extreme Pressure and Antiwear Performance

[0127] According to ISO 14635-2 - Evaluation of the Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants (FZG Method), the extreme pressure and antiwear performance of the oil product was measured. It should be noted that the larger the value, the better the load-carrying capacity performance, and the standard requires not less than 5 levels.

[0128] Friction Characteristics

[0129] The friction characteristics of automotive automatic transmission fluid were evaluated according to SAE NO2 in Appendix C of General Dexron VI specification. Among them, the midpoint torque needed to be maintained between 80 Nm and 105 Nm during the 200-hour test time for passing. In addition, the smaller the torque change, the better the shift comfort of the oil product.

[0130] Anti-Shudder Durability Performance

[0131] The anti-shudder durability performance of the oil product was evaluated according to the JASO M349 clutch friction durability test. It should be noted that the longer the time, the better the anti-shudder durability performance of the oil product.

[0132] The evaluation results are shown in Table 8 below.

[0133]

Table 8

[0134]

[0135] From the comparison between Example A-1, D-1 and Comparative Example D-1, it can be seen that when using alkyl phosphonate as an extreme pressure and anti-wear agent, although the load-carrying capacity is relatively weak, it can significantly improve the anti-chatter performance of the oil product. Regarding the reasons, there are the following considerations. Alkyl phosphonate has excellent stability, the formed oil film is relatively stable, and its ability to maintain the friction coefficient is strong.

[0136] From the comparison between Example D-2 and Comparative Examples D-2, D-3, it can be seen that when the ratio of oleyl phosphite to alkyl phosphonate is 4:2, while maintaining a good load-carrying capacity, it still has excellent friction characteristics and anti-chatter performance.

[0137] (E) Examples E-1 to E-2, Comparative Examples E-1 to E-4

[0138] (E-1) Preparation of automatic transmission fluid compound

[0139] According to the component ratios recorded in Table 9 below, and according to the method recorded in "(2) Preparation method of automatic transmission fluid compound" in the specification, an automatic transmission fluid compound was prepared.

[0140] It should be noted that each component used is a known commercially available product. The same applies to the following examples and comparative examples. Regarding the self-made phosphorus-boronized polyisobutylene succinimide, it was prepared by the same method as in (A-1) above.

[0141]

Table 9

[0142]

[0143] (E-2) Evaluation

[0144] Friction characteristics

[0145] The friction characteristics of automotive automatic transmission fluid were evaluated according to SAE NO2 in Appendix C of the General Dexron VI specification. Among them, the midpoint torque needs to be maintained between 8 Nm and 105 Nm during the 200-hour test time for passing. In addition, the smaller the torque change, the better the shift comfort of the oil product.

[0146] Anti-chatter durability performance

[0147] The anti-chatter durability performance of the oil product was evaluated according to the JASO M349 clutch friction durability test. It should be noted that the longer the time, the better the anti-chatter durability performance of the oil product.

[0148] The evaluation results are shown in Table 10 below.

[0149]

Table 10

[0150]

[0151] A comparison of Examples D-2 and E-1 with Comparative Example E-1 shows that glyceryl isostearate exhibits the best friction characteristics and anti-vibration performance when used as a friction modifier. This is because the perfect combination of the strong mechanical head group (glyceryl ester) and the large, lotus-shaped nonpolar tail chain in the glyceryl isostearate molecule allows this structure to strongly adsorb onto the surface of the friction pair, forming a stable oil film.

[0152] A comparison of Example E-2 with Comparative Examples E-2 to E-4 shows that glyceryl isostearate and C9-C 10 When the ratio of thiadiazole mercaptan condensate to crude oil is 5:2, the anti-vibration properties of the oil are improved. This is because a small amount of C9-C... 10 The sulfur bridges in thiadiazole mercaptan condensates break at high temperatures and react with friction plates, increasing the dynamic friction coefficient of the oil without significantly reducing torque. Because this substance is unstable at high temperatures, and a high thiadiazole content releases more active sulfur, the friction coefficient becomes unstable.

[0153] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic transmission fluid compound, characterized in that, The composition of the automatic transmission fluid compound, by weight, is as follows: detergent 0.6-1.5%, dispersant 30-55%, antioxidant 3-7%, extreme pressure anti-wear agent 3-9%, friction modifier 5-10%, rust inhibitor 1-2%, viscosity index improver 20-30%, with the balance being neutral base oil. The dispersant is a combination of self-made phosphoro-boryl polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-750) and high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 1300-2300) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-900).

2. The automatic transmission fluid compound as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the automatic transmission fluid compound, the ratio of high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 1300-2300) to self-made phosphoro-boronized polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-750) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-900) is 2:3 to 3:5 by mass.

3. The automatic transmission fluid compound as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detergent is at least one of the following: high-alkalinity borated synthetic calcium sulfonate (300TBN), high-alkalinity alkyl salicylate calcium (350TBN), and high-alkalinity sulfurized alkylphenol calcium (250TBN).

4. The automatic transmission fluid compound as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rust inhibitor is at least one of amide rust inhibitors, alkenyl succinic acid, alkenyl succinic acid derivatives, and imidazoline rust inhibitors.

5. The automatic transmission fluid compound as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The extreme pressure anti-wear agent is at least one of oleyl alcohol phosphite and alkyl phosphonate.

6. The automatic transmission fluid compound as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The extreme pressure anti-wear agent is a combination of oleyl alcohol phosphite and alkyl phosphonate. In the automatic transmission oil compound, the ratio of oleyl alcohol phosphite to alkyl phosphonate is 4:2 to 6:2 by mass.

7. The automatic transmission fluid compound as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The friction modifier is C9-C. 10 At least one of thiadiazole thiol condensate and glyceryl isostearate.

8. The automatic transmission fluid compound as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The friction modifier is glyceryl isostearate and C9-C 10 The combination of thiadiazole thiol condensates in automatic transmission fluid complexes, glyceryl isostearate and C9-C 10 The ratio of the thiadiazole thiol condensate is 5:3 to 5:1 by mass.

9. A method for preparing an automatic transmission fluid compound, comprising the method for preparing the automatic transmission fluid compound according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Add 30-55% by mass of dispersant and 0.6-1.5% by mass of detergent to a container, and while stirring, heat to 50-65°C. Simultaneously add 3-7% by mass of antioxidant, 3-9% by mass of extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 1-2% by mass of rust inhibitor, 5-10% by mass of friction modifier, 20-30% by mass of viscosity index improver, and the balance base oil. Maintain the temperature at 50-65°C and stir for 2.5-3 hours. After filtration, obtain the automatic transmission fluid compound. The dispersant is a combination of self-made phosphoro-boryl polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-750) and high molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 1300-2300) or low molecular weight polyisobutylene succinimide (PIB molecular weight Mn is 550-900).

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