Electrolytic hydrogen production electrolyte preheating system and method based on hybrid heat source

Abstract

The invention provides an electrolytic hydrogen production electrolyte preheating system and method based on a hybrid heat source, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, the electrolytic hydrogen production electrolyte preheating system comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind power generation module, an electric power conversion module, a plurality of electrolytic cells connected in parallel, an electrolyte circulation module, a heating module, a waste heat recovery module, a heat storage module and a hydrogen storage module, the power conversion module is used for supplying power to the electrolytic cell and the heating module based on electric energy output by the photovoltaic power generation module and the wind power generation module, the waste heat recovery unit is used for recovering waste heat of the power conversion module and the hydrogen storage module, and the heating module, the waste heat recovery module and the heat storage module are matched to preheat electrolyte of the electrolytic cell. The method has the advantage of improving the stability and economical efficiency of electrolytic hydrogen production in a renewable energy coupling scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a preheating system and method for electrolytic hydrogen production electrolyte based on a mixed heat source. Background Technology

[0002] Electrolysis of water for hydrogen production is a key pathway to achieving large-scale, green hydrogen production, and it has great development potential in application scenarios coupled with renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics.

[0003] Traditional electrolyte preheating schemes typically rely on high-power electric heaters to directly heat the electrolyte. When restarting the system from a complete shutdown state, starting the electric heaters instantly draws a large amount of electrical energy. This process not only impacts the local power grid, affecting its stable operation, but also significantly increases the system's start-up and shutdown energy consumption, thereby increasing the overall operating cost and reducing the economic viability of water electrolysis for hydrogen production. When some electrolyzers are already in operation, their auxiliary equipment such as rectifier cabinets and air compressors generate a large amount of low-grade waste heat. However, traditional preheating schemes fail to effectively capture and utilize this waste heat, resulting in the waste of this energy and further reducing the system's energy efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide a preheating system and method for electrolytic hydrogen production based on a mixed heat source, in order to improve the stability and economy of electrolytic hydrogen production in renewable energy coupling scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a preheating system for the electrolyte in hydrogen production via electrolysis based on a mixed heat source, comprising a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind power generation module, a power conversion module, multiple parallel electrolyzers, an electrolyte circulation module, a heating module, a waste heat recovery module, a thermal storage module, and a hydrogen storage module. The power conversion module supplies power to the electrolyzers and heating module using the electrical energy output from the photovoltaic and wind power generation modules. The waste heat recovery module recovers waste heat from the power conversion and hydrogen storage modules. The heating module, waste heat recovery module, and thermal storage module work together to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolyzers.

[0006] This invention provides a method for preheating the electrolyte in hydrogen production via electrolysis based on a mixed heat source, comprising: reading power prediction data from a photovoltaic power generation module and a wind power generation module, operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolyzers, and electrolyte temperature data; determining the current operating mode based on the operating status signals of the multiple parallel electrolyzers; determining the current target temperature based on the power prediction data from the photovoltaic power generation module and the wind power generation module; and controlling at least one of a heating module, a waste heat recovery module, and a heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolyzers based on the current operating mode and the current target temperature.

[0007] Furthermore, based on the operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolytic cells, the current operating mode is determined, including: if all multiple parallel electrolytic cells are in a shutdown state, the current operating mode is a full shutdown cold start mode; if some of the multiple parallel electrolytic cells are in a shutdown state, the current operating mode is a partial operation hot standby mode.

[0008] Furthermore, based on the power prediction data of the photovoltaic power generation module and the wind power generation module, the current target temperature is determined, including: predicting the total power of wind and solar power generation based on the power prediction data of the photovoltaic power generation module and the wind power generation module; if the total power of wind and solar power generation is greater than or equal to the power required for maximum hydrogen production, then the current target temperature is the first target temperature; if the total power of wind and solar power generation is less than the base load power, then the current target temperature is the second target temperature, wherein the second target temperature is less than the first target temperature; if the total power of wind and solar power generation is less than the power required for maximum hydrogen production but greater than or equal to the base load power, then the current target temperature is determined based on the target temperature prediction algorithm.

[0009] Furthermore, based on the target temperature prediction algorithm, the current target temperature is determined, including: calculating the normalized output factor of the total wind and solar power generation relative to the base load power and the maximum power generation capacity based on the total wind and solar power generation; and determining the current target temperature based on the normalized output factor through linear interpolation, wherein the current target temperature is less than or equal to the first target temperature and greater than or equal to the second target temperature.

[0010] Furthermore, the normalized output factor of the total wind and solar power generation relative to the base load power and maximum power generation capacity is calculated based on the following formula: in, This is the normalized output factor of the total wind and solar power generation relative to the base load power and the maximum generating capacity. This represents the total power generated by wind and solar power. Based on base load power, This represents the maximum power generation capacity.

[0011] Furthermore, the current target temperature is determined based on the normalized output factor according to the following formula: in, The current target temperature, The second target temperature, This is the difference between the first target temperature and the second target temperature. It is the normalized output factor of the total wind and solar power generation relative to the base load power and the maximum power generation capacity.

[0012] Furthermore, based on the current operating mode and the current target temperature, at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module, and heat storage module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell, including: when the current operating mode is a full shutdown cold start mode, the heating module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell based on the current target temperature; when the current operating mode is a partial operation hot standby mode, at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module, and heat storage module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell based on the current target temperature.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the current target temperature, at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module, and heat storage module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. This includes: determining the total required heat power based on the operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolytic cells, electrolyte temperature data, and the current target temperature; if the remaining heat power of the waste heat recovery module is greater than or equal to the total required heat power, then the waste heat recovery module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell based on the current target temperature; if the remaining heat power of the waste heat recovery module is less than the total required heat power, then the waste heat recovery module is controlled to work in conjunction with at least one of the heating module and heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell based on the current target temperature.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the current target temperature, the waste heat recovery module is controlled to cooperate with at least one of the heating module and the heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. This includes: calculating a first power difference based on the remaining heat power of the waste heat recovery module and the total required heat power; obtaining the remaining heat power of the heat storage module; if the remaining heat power of the heat storage module is greater than or equal to the first power difference, then based on the current target temperature, the waste heat recovery module is controlled to cooperate with the heating module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell; if the remaining heat power of the heat storage module is less than the first power difference, a second power difference is calculated based on the remaining heat power of the heat storage module and the first power difference; and based on the current target temperature, the first power difference, and the second power difference, the waste heat recovery module is controlled to cooperate with the heating module and the heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the electrolytic hydrogen production electrolyte preheating system and method based on a mixed heat source provided by this invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. By comprehensively utilizing photovoltaic and wind power generation modules, renewable energy is converted into electricity for hydrogen production. Simultaneously, a waste heat recovery module recovers waste heat from the power conversion and hydrogen storage modules. The heating module, waste heat recovery module, and heat storage module work together to preheat the electrolyte. This hybrid heat source utilization method fully taps into the potential of various energy sources within the system, reducing dependence on external energy sources and lowering energy consumption and costs. Under different operating modes, the heat source can be flexibly allocated according to actual conditions. For example, in a full shutdown cold start mode, the heating module is prioritized, while in a partial operation hot standby mode, multiple modules are used in combination, making energy utilization more rational and efficient, and improving the overall energy utilization rate of the entire electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0016] 2. The current target temperature is determined by reading power prediction data from photovoltaic and wind power modules, electrolyzer operating status signals, and electrolyte temperature data. First, the total power output of wind and solar power is predicted. Then, based on its relationship with the power required for maximum hydrogen production and the base load power, the target temperature range is determined. The current target temperature is then accurately calculated using a normalized output factor and linear interpolation. This precise temperature control method ensures that the electrolyte preheating temperature remains within a suitable range under different power outputs and operating modes, providing favorable conditions for stable and efficient hydrogen production and preventing excessively high or low temperatures from affecting hydrogen production efficiency and product quality.

[0017] 3. Based on different operating modes and the current target temperature, at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module, and thermal storage module can be flexibly controlled to preheat the electrolyte. After determining the total required heat power, it is first determined whether the remaining heat power of the waste heat recovery module meets the requirements. If it does, it can be used alone; if not, the remaining heat power of the thermal storage module is then used to determine whether the waste heat recovery module and the heating module work together, or whether all three work together. This flexible module coordination mechanism enables the system to adapt to various complex operating conditions, ensuring that electrolyte preheating can be successfully completed under different power generation and operating states, improving the stability and reliability of the system, and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the electrolytic hydrogen production process. Attached Figure Description

[0018] This specification will be further described by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting; in these embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same structures, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen production electrolyte preheating system based on a mixed heat source, as shown in some embodiments of this specification. Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production by electrolysis based on a mixed heat source, according to some embodiments of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments in this specification, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, these drawings can be applied to other similar scenarios without creative effort. Unless obvious from the context or otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structures or operations.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preheating system for an electrolytic hydrogen production electrolyte based on a mixed heat source, as shown in some embodiments of this specification. Figure 1 As shown, the electrolytic hydrogen production electrolyte preheating system based on a mixed heat source includes a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind power generation module, a power conversion module, multiple parallel electrolyzers, an electrolyte circulation module, a heating module, a waste heat recovery module, a thermal storage module, and a hydrogen storage module. The power conversion module is used to supply power to the electrolyzers and heating module based on the electrical energy output from the photovoltaic power generation module and the wind power generation module. The waste heat recovery unit is used to recover the waste heat from the power conversion module and the hydrogen storage module. The heating module, waste heat recovery module, and thermal storage module work together to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolyzers.

[0021] Specifically, the photovoltaic (PV) and wind power modules are the system's energy sources, respectively responsible for collecting solar and wind energy and converting it into electricity. They complement each other, providing stable power output under different weather conditions and at different times, ensuring a basic energy supply for subsequent modules. The power conversion module is crucial; it receives the electrical energy output from the PV and wind power modules, converts it into direct current (DC) through a rectifier, and then provides a stable power supply to multiple parallel electrolyzers and the heating module. A stable DC power supply ensures that the electrolyzers can continuously and efficiently perform the water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, while also ensuring that the heating module can operate promptly when needed. The multiple parallel electrolyzers are the core of hydrogen production, with their electrolyte operating temperature strictly controlled within a range (e.g., 70~90℃), within which the electrolysis reaction efficiency is optimal. The hydrogen and oxygen produced by electrolysis are processed in a subsequent gas-liquid separation unit to ensure the purity of the hydrogen. The electrolyte circulation module ensures the circulation of the electrolyte within the system, allowing the electrolyte to be heated evenly and continuously participate in the electrolysis reaction, maintaining the stability of the entire electrolysis process.

[0022] The electric heater in the heating module can quickly raise the electrolyte temperature, playing a crucial role in system cold starts or when rapid heating is required. The waste heat recovery module cleverly recovers waste heat generated by the rectifier and air compressor through heat exchange technology, collecting this previously wasted low-grade heat energy to preheat the shut-down electrolytic cell, thus achieving secondary energy utilization.

[0023] The heat storage module plays a flexible adjustment role. When the waste heat collected by the waste heat recovery module is insufficient to meet the preheating requirements, the heat storage module will release the stored heat in time to supplement the preheating heat source and ensure that the electrolyte can reach the appropriate reaction temperature.

[0024] The hydrogen storage module stores the hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer, ensuring its safe storage and subsequent use. Meanwhile, the waste heat recovery unit recovers not only waste heat from the power conversion module but also waste heat from the hydrogen storage module, further improving the overall energy utilization rate.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic flow chart of a method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production by electrolysis based on a mixed heat source, as shown in some embodiments of this specification. Figure 2 As shown, the method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production by electrolysis based on a mixed heat source may include the following steps.

[0026] Step 210: Read the power prediction data of the photovoltaic power generation module and the wind power generation module, the operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolyzers, and the electrolyte temperature data.

[0027] Specifically, due to the intermittent and fluctuating nature of solar and wind power, obtaining their power forecast information in advance allows the system to anticipate the availability of electricity over a future period. For example, if it is predicted that photovoltaic power generation will decrease due to weather changes and wind power generation will be unstable in the next few hours, the system can adjust its preheating strategy in advance, rationally allocate electricity, and avoid preheating interruptions or inefficiencies due to insufficient energy supply. The operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolyzers reflect the current working condition of the electrolyzers, such as normal operation or shutdown.

[0028] Electrolyte temperature data can be collected using a temperature sensor.

[0029] Step 220: Determine the current working mode based on the operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolytic cells.

[0030] Specifically, it includes: If multiple parallel electrolytic cells are all in a shutdown state, the current working mode is a full shutdown cold start mode; If some of the multiple parallel electrolytic cells are shut down, the current operating mode is partial operation with hot standby mode.

[0031] Step 230: Determine the current target temperature based on the power prediction data of the photovoltaic power generation module and the wind power generation module.

[0032] Specifically, it includes: Based on the power prediction data of photovoltaic power generation modules and wind power generation modules, the total power of wind and solar power generation is predicted; If the total power of wind and solar power generation is greater than or equal to the power required for maximum hydrogen production, then the current target temperature is the first target temperature. If the total power generated by wind and solar power is less than the base load power, then the current target temperature is the second target temperature, which is less than the first target temperature. If the total power of wind and solar power generation is less than the power required for maximum hydrogen production but greater than or equal to the base load power, the current target temperature is determined based on the target temperature prediction algorithm.

[0033] Specifically, if the total power output of wind and solar power generation is greater than or equal to the power required for maximum hydrogen production, it indicates that the wind and solar power generation capacity is sufficient, providing enough electrical energy to power the electrolyzer for efficient hydrogen production. To fully utilize this abundant electrical energy and bring the electrolyzer to the temperature range for efficient hydrogen production, the current target temperature is set as the first target temperature (e.g., 90°C), and this temperature is then increased to a near-high level. During the preheating process, if there is a deviation between the current electrolyte temperature and the first target temperature, the waste heat recovery module and the thermal storage module will be prioritized to release heat for compensation, as these two methods have high energy efficiency and low cost. If these two heating methods still cannot quickly eliminate the temperature difference, the electric heater will be activated as the final heat supplementation method to ensure that the preheating process can be completed quickly, allowing the electrolyzer to enter the efficient hydrogen production state as soon as possible.

[0034] If the total power generated by wind and solar power is less than the base load power, it means that the system's power generation capacity is limited, resulting in a power deficit. In this situation, maintaining a high preheating temperature would consume a large amount of electricity, further exacerbating the energy shortage. Therefore, the system will set the current target temperature as a second target temperature (e.g., 70°C), and lower the second target temperature to a low level. Meanwhile, efforts will be made to minimize energy consumption.

[0035] In some embodiments, determining the current target temperature based on a target temperature prediction algorithm includes: Based on the total power of wind and solar power generation, calculate the normalized output factor of the total power of wind and solar power generation relative to the base load power and the maximum power generation capacity; The current target temperature is determined by linear interpolation based on the normalized output factor, wherein the current target temperature is less than or equal to the first target temperature and greater than or equal to the second target temperature.

[0036] In some embodiments, the normalized output factor of total wind and solar power generation relative to base load power and maximum generating capacity is calculated based on the following formula: in, This is the normalized output factor of the total wind and solar power generation relative to the base load power and the maximum generating capacity. This represents the total power generated by wind and solar power. Based on base load power, This represents the maximum power generation capacity.

[0037] Specifically, this formula can map the total power of wind and solar power generation of different sizes to a relatively uniform range, facilitating subsequent analysis and processing. However, to ensure the factor... The value of is strictly between 0 and 1, requiring amplitude limiting. When the predicted total wind and solar power generation... Less than or equal to the base load power At this time, it means that the power generation capacity can only meet the basic needs, and at this time, take =0; and when Greater than or equal to maximum power generation capacity When the power generation reaches its peak, it indicates that the power generation capacity has reached its peak. =1.

[0038] In some embodiments, the current target temperature is determined based on the normalized output factor according to the following formula: in, The current target temperature, The second target temperature, This is the difference between the first target temperature and the second target temperature. This is achieved by normalizing the total power output of wind and solar power relative to the base load power and maximum power generation capacity, enabling continuous and smooth adjustment of the current target temperature between the first and second target temperatures. This adjustment method allows the electrolyzer temperature to stably adapt to the current power generation level, effectively improving hydrogen production efficiency.

[0039] Step 240: Based on the current working mode and the current target temperature, control at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module and heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell.

[0040] Specifically, it includes: When the current operating mode is a full shutdown cold start mode, based on the current target temperature, the heating module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolyzer, rapidly preheating the electrolyzer which is in a shutdown state. During the preheating process, the system continuously monitors the temperature of the electrolyte in the electrolyzer and compares the real-time temperature with the preset target temperature. Preheating is only considered complete when the heating process continues until the electrolyte temperature successfully reaches the target temperature. At this point, the electrolyzer meets the conditions for normal hydrogen production, and the system controls the electrolyzer to enter the normal hydrogen production process, thereby achieving an efficient transition from a full shutdown cold start state to a stable hydrogen production state, ensuring the smooth operation of the entire hydrogen production system. The current operating mode is a partial operation hot standby mode. Based on the current target temperature, at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module and heat storage module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell.

[0041] In some embodiments, based on the current target temperature, at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module, and heat storage module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell, including: Based on the operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolyzers, electrolyte temperature data, and the current target temperature, the total required heat power is determined. If the residual heat power of the waste heat recovery module is greater than or equal to the total required heat power, then based on the current target temperature, the waste heat recovery module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. If the residual heat power of the waste heat recovery module is less than the total required heat power, then based on the current target temperature, the waste heat recovery module is controlled to work in conjunction with at least one of the heating module and the heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell.

[0042] In some embodiments, based on the current target temperature, controlling the waste heat recovery module to cooperate with at least one of the heating module and the heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolyzer includes: Calculate the first power difference based on the remaining heat power of the waste heat recovery module and the total required heat power; Obtain the remaining thermal power of the thermal storage module; If the residual heat power of the heat storage module is greater than or equal to the first power difference, then based on the current target temperature, the waste heat recovery module and the heating module are controlled to work together to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. If the residual heat power of the heat storage module is less than the first power difference, a second power difference is calculated based on the residual heat power of the heat storage module and the first power difference. Based on the current target temperature, the first power difference, and the second power difference, the waste heat recovery module is controlled to work in conjunction with the heating module and the heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell.

[0043] Specifically, if the residual heat power of the waste heat recovery module is sufficient, i.e. greater than or equal to the total required heat power, the system will prioritize using the waste heat recovery module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolyzer separately based on the current target temperature. This method makes full use of the waste heat generated by the system itself, improves energy utilization efficiency, and reduces additional energy consumption.

[0044] However, when the residual heat power of the waste heat recovery module is less than the total required heat power, it indicates that the waste heat recovery module alone cannot meet the preheating demand. In this case, the waste heat recovery module needs to work in conjunction with at least one of the heating module and the heat storage module. The specific coordination process is as follows: First, based on the residual heat power of the waste heat recovery module and the total required heat power, a first power difference is calculated. This difference clarifies the heat power that the waste heat recovery module still needs to supplement. Next, the residual heat power of the heat storage module is obtained. If the residual heat power of the heat storage module is greater than or equal to the first power difference, it indicates that the heat storage module can completely compensate for the deficiency of the waste heat recovery module. Then, the system will control the waste heat recovery module and the heating module to work together for preheating based on the current target temperature. Here, the participation of the heating module is to quickly increase the heat power when necessary, ensuring that the preheating process proceeds according to the target.

[0045] If the remaining thermal power of the thermal storage module is less than the first power difference, it means that the thermal storage module cannot fully meet the supplementary needs of the waste heat recovery module. In this case, a second power difference needs to be calculated, which is the first power difference minus the remaining thermal power of the thermal storage module. Subsequently, based on the current target temperature, the first power difference, and the second power difference, the waste heat recovery module, the heating module, and the thermal storage module work together in a comprehensive and coordinated manner. For example, the waste heat recovery module continuously provides its remaining thermal power, the thermal storage module releases all its remaining thermal power, and the heating module supplements the corresponding thermal power according to the second power difference. Through this precise coordinated control, the electrolyte in the electrolyzer can be successfully preheated at the current target temperature, making full preparations for subsequent normal hydrogen production. The entire process fully demonstrates the system's high efficiency and rationality in energy utilization and module control.

[0046] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments described herein. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, alternative configurations of the embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and should be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are not limited to those explicitly introduced and described herein.

Claims

1. A preheating system for the electrolyte in an electrolytic hydrogen production process based on a mixed heat source, characterized in that, It includes a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind power generation module, a power conversion module, multiple parallel electrolyzers, an electrolyte circulation module, a heating module, a waste heat recovery module, a thermal storage module, and a hydrogen storage module. The power conversion module is used to supply power to the electrolyzers and heating module based on the electrical energy output from the photovoltaic and wind power generation modules. The waste heat recovery unit is used to recover waste heat from the power conversion module and the hydrogen storage module. The heating module, waste heat recovery module, and thermal storage module work together to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolyzers.

2. The method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production via electrolysis based on a mixed heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolytic hydrogen production preheating system based on a mixed heat source as described in claim 1 includes: Read power prediction data from photovoltaic and wind power generation modules, operating status signals from multiple parallel electrolyzers, and electrolyte temperature data; The current working mode is determined based on the operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolytic cells; The current target temperature is determined based on the power prediction data of photovoltaic power generation modules and wind power generation modules; Based on the current operating mode and the current target temperature, control at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module and heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell.

3. The method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production via electrolysis based on a mixed heat source according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolytic cells, the current operating mode is determined, including: If multiple parallel electrolytic cells are all in a shutdown state, the current working mode is a full shutdown cold start mode; If some of the multiple parallel electrolytic cells are shut down, the current operating mode is partial operation with hot standby mode.

4. The method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production by electrolysis based on a mixed heat source according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on power prediction data from photovoltaic and wind power modules, the current target temperature is determined, including: Based on the power prediction data of photovoltaic power generation modules and wind power generation modules, the total power of wind and solar power generation is predicted; If the total power of wind and solar power generation is greater than or equal to the power required for maximum hydrogen production, then the current target temperature is the first target temperature. If the total power generated by wind and solar power is less than the base load power, then the current target temperature is the second target temperature, which is less than the first target temperature. If the total power of wind and solar power generation is less than the power required for maximum hydrogen production but greater than or equal to the base load power, the current target temperature is determined based on the target temperature prediction algorithm.

5. The method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production via electrolysis based on a mixed heat source according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the target temperature prediction algorithm, the current target temperature is determined, including: Based on the total power of wind and solar power generation, calculate the normalized output factor of the total power of wind and solar power generation relative to the base load power and the maximum power generation capacity; The current target temperature is determined by linear interpolation based on the normalized output factor, wherein the current target temperature is less than or equal to the first target temperature and greater than or equal to the second target temperature.

6. The method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production by electrolysis based on a mixed heat source according to claim 5, characterized in that, The normalized output factor of total wind and solar power generation relative to base load power and maximum generating capacity is calculated based on the following formula: in, This is the normalized output factor of the total wind and solar power generation relative to the base load power and the maximum generating capacity. This represents the total power generated by wind and solar power. Based on base load power, This represents the maximum power generation capacity.

7. The method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production via electrolysis based on a mixed heat source according to claim 5, characterized in that, The current target temperature is determined based on the normalized output factor using the following formula: in, The current target temperature, The second target temperature, This is the difference between the first target temperature and the second target temperature. It is the normalized output factor of the total wind and solar power generation relative to the base load power and the maximum power generation capacity.

8. The method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production based on a mixed heat source according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, Based on the current operating mode and the current target temperature, at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module, and heat storage module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell, including: When the current working mode is the full shutdown cold start mode, the heating module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell based on the current target temperature; The current operating mode is a partial operation hot standby mode. Based on the current target temperature, at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module and heat storage module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell.

9. The method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production by electrolysis based on a mixed heat source according to claim 8, characterized in that, Based on the current target temperature, at least one of the heating module, waste heat recovery module, and heat storage module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell, including: Based on the operating status signals of multiple parallel electrolyzers, electrolyte temperature data, and the current target temperature, the total required heat power is determined. If the residual heat power of the waste heat recovery module is greater than or equal to the total required heat power, then based on the current target temperature, the waste heat recovery module is controlled to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. If the residual heat power of the waste heat recovery module is less than the total required heat power, then based on the current target temperature, the waste heat recovery module is controlled to work in conjunction with at least one of the heating module and the heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell.

10. The method for preheating the electrolyte for hydrogen production based on a mixed heat source according to claim 9, characterized in that, Based on the current target temperature, the waste heat recovery module is controlled in coordination with at least one of the heating module and the heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell, including: Calculate the first power difference based on the remaining heat power of the waste heat recovery module and the total required heat power; Obtain the remaining thermal power of the thermal storage module; If the residual heat power of the heat storage module is greater than or equal to the first power difference, then based on the current target temperature, the waste heat recovery module and the heating module are controlled to work together to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell. If the residual heat power of the heat storage module is less than the first power difference, a second power difference is calculated based on the residual heat power of the heat storage module and the first power difference. Based on the current target temperature, the first power difference, and the second power difference, the waste heat recovery module is controlled to work in conjunction with the heating module and the heat storage module to preheat the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell.

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