Drill rod capable of conveniently and rapidly discharging slag from drill hole

Abstract

The invention discloses a drill rod facilitating quick discharge of slag from a drill hole, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine underground drilling equipment. The drill rod comprises a connecting rod and a drill bit coaxially connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod; a group of central auxiliary crushing cutters, a plurality of groups of edge auxiliary crushing cutters and a plurality of groups of main crushing cutters are coaxially mounted at the bottom of the drill bit; a slag discharging cavity facilitating circulation of slag at the bottom of the drill bit to the top of the drill bit is further formed beside each main crushing tool, a slag discharging opening facilitating circulation of slag on the side of the drill bit to the top of the drill bit is formed in the top of the side wall of each edge auxiliary crushing tool, and all the slag discharging openings communicate with the slag discharging cavities one by one. Through the collaborative design of the slag discharging cavity and the slag discharging opening, a continuous slag material flowing channel from the bottom to the top of the drill bit is formed, large slag materials generated by crushing can directly enter the slag discharging cavity, side slag materials converge into the slag discharging cavity through the slag discharging opening and finally are rapidly discharged out of a drill hole along with drilling fluid or airflow, repeated crushing caused by accumulation of the slag materials at the bottom of the drill bit is avoided, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged. And tool load and heat accumulation are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground drilling equipment technology in coal mines, specifically a drill rod that facilitates the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling is a common and fundamental process in underground coal mine construction, primarily used for critical stages such as gas extraction, water exploration, and anchor bolt installation. The borehole diameter is mainly determined by the drill bit diameter, and the drill bit's breaking efficiency and operational stability directly affect the drilling progress and equipment lifespan. Existing coal mine drill bits generally suffer from the following technical problems: Lack of slag removal structure: Traditional drill bits are not designed with a dedicated channel for slag removal. When the drill bit rotates at high speed to break up the rock, the fragments formed by the cutting tools can only remain at the bottom of the drill bit or in the gaps between the cutting tools. These fragments cannot be removed in time and can only be crushed a second or even multiple times by the subsequent rotating cutting tools until they are broken into fine fragments before they can be slowly discharged with the drilling fluid. Overheating and lifespan reduction: The repeated crushing process generates a lot of frictional heat between the tool and the fragments, and poor slag removal prevents the heat inside the drill bit from being carried away by the slag flow, making it easy for the internal temperature to rise. High temperature will accelerate the wear and annealing softening of the tool material, while reducing the mechanical strength of the drill bit body steel, ultimately affecting the lifespan of the drill bit. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a drill rod that facilitates the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole. By optimizing the design of the slag discharge structure inside the drill bit, the slag generated by crushing can be quickly flowed to the top of the drill bit and discharged, thereby reducing the workload of the drill bit, reducing the risk of overheating, and significantly improving the service life and drilling efficiency of the drill bit. This solves the problems of lack of slag discharge structure, overheating and life reduction in traditional drill bits.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A drill rod that facilitates the rapid discharge of slag from a borehole includes a vertically arranged connecting rod and a drill bit coaxially connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod. The core improvements are as follows: a set of central auxiliary crushing cutters located at the center of the bottom of the drill bit are coaxially mounted; multiple sets of edge auxiliary crushing cutters are circumferentially arrayed around the central auxiliary crushing cutters; and multiple sets of main crushing cutters are circumferentially arrayed and installed between the central auxiliary crushing cutters and the edge auxiliary crushing cutters. Each main crushing cutter also has a slag discharge chamber on one side to facilitate the flow of slag from the bottom of the drill bit to the top of the drill bit. Each edge auxiliary crushing cutter has a slag discharge port on the top of its side wall to facilitate the flow of slag from the side of the drill bit to the top of the drill bit. All slag discharge ports and slag discharge chambers are interconnected.

[0005] By adopting the above scheme, through the coordinated design of the slag discharge chamber and the slag discharge port, a continuous slag flow channel is formed from the bottom of the drill bit (main crushing area) to the top (connection end with the connecting rod). Large pieces of slag produced by crushing can directly enter the slag discharge chamber, and the slag on the side flows into the slag discharge chamber through the slag discharge port. Finally, it is quickly discharged from the borehole with the drilling fluid or gas flow, avoiding repeated crushing caused by the accumulation of slag at the bottom of the drill bit, and reducing the load on the cutting tools and the accumulation of heat.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the drill rod for facilitating the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, the crushing part of the central auxiliary crushing tool is a vertically downward-facing conical crushing tool. Its conical structure concentrates the crushing force in the central area of ​​the drill bit, preferentially crushing the core part of the rock strata, forming an initial crushing hole, and providing guidance for the subsequent edge and main crushing tools, thereby improving the overall crushing efficiency.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the drill rod for facilitating rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, a vertically positioned positioning rod is connected to the top of the central auxiliary crusher. This positioning rod is inserted into a positioning hole located at the center of the drill bit. A recessed positioning groove is formed on the side wall of the positioning rod, and a set screw extends from the side of the drill bit and abuts against the positioning groove. The set screw is completely concealed within the drill bit. The insertion and engagement of the positioning rod and the positioning hole ensures the coaxiality of the central auxiliary crusher. The set screw abutting against the positioning groove provides axial positioning, preventing the tool from loosening and facilitating subsequent disassembly and replacement. The concealed design of the set screw prevents protruding structures from scraping the borehole wall, improving operational safety.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of a drill rod that facilitates the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, the crushing part of the edge auxiliary crushing tool is a vertically downward-facing annular crushing tool. Its annular structure covers the area around the drill bit and can simultaneously crush the edge of the rock strata, forming a "center-edge" collaborative crushing mode with the central auxiliary crushing tool, expanding the single crushing range and reducing the risk of deviation during the drilling process.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the drill rod for facilitating the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, the edge auxiliary crushing tool is detachably connected to the drill bit by a screw, wherein the screw is completely hidden inside the drill bit; the detachable design facilitates the individual replacement of the edge auxiliary crushing tool after wear, reducing maintenance costs; the screw is hidden inside the drill bit, preventing the exposed screw from affecting the flow of slag or scraping the borehole wall.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the drill rod for facilitating the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, the crushing part of the main crushing tool is an inclined crushing tool with a downward tilt angle of 30°-60°. This allows the crushing tool to generate an outward radial force when rotating, which not only enhances the impact crushing effect on the rock strata but also guides the slag to move towards the slag discharge chamber, assisting in the directional flow of the slag.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the drill rod for facilitating the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, the main crushing tool is detachably connected to the drill bit via screw two, wherein screw two is completely hidden inside the drill bit; the detachable design facilitates the individual replacement of the main crushing tool after wear, reducing maintenance costs; screw two is hidden inside the drill bit, preventing exposed screw two from affecting the flow of slag or scraping the borehole wall.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the drill pipe for facilitating the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, the heights of the crushing sections of the central auxiliary crusher, the edge auxiliary crusher, and the main crusher increase sequentially. This design employs a height gradient and forms a "layered crushing" mechanism: the central auxiliary crusher contacts the target first, prioritizing the crushing of the rock core; next, the edge auxiliary crusher simultaneously processes the surrounding area; finally, the main crusher further refines the crushing and pushes the slag towards the discharge chamber, ensuring an orderly and efficient crushing process while maximizing the utilization of each cutter's function.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. High efficiency in slag removal: Through the coordinated design of the slag removal chamber and slag removal port, the slag material can be quickly flowed from the bottom to the top, avoiding repeated crushing and improving drilling efficiency; 2. Reduced load: Reduces the need for secondary crushing of slag by the cutting tool, reduces the working load of the drill bit, and correspondingly reduces energy consumption; 3. Extended lifespan: Reduced tool wear significantly lowers the risk of overheating and extends tool lifespan; 4. Easy maintenance: Both the edge auxiliary crushing blades and the main crushing blades are connected by concealed screws, which can be quickly disassembled and replaced, reducing maintenance costs; 5. Stable structure: The central auxiliary crushing cutter is fixed coaxially with the top screw through the positioning rod, ensuring that the crushing process is precise and controllable, and also facilitating disassembly and replacement later. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 A 3D view of the drill rod designed to facilitate the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Three-dimensional drilling of medium drill bit Figure 1 ; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Three-dimensional drilling of medium drill bit Figure 2 ; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Top view of the drill bit; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Bottom view of the drill bit; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view at point AA; Figure 7 A three-dimensional view of the central auxiliary crushing tool; Figure 8 A 3D view of the edge-mounted auxiliary crushing blade; Figure 9 A 3D view of the main crushing tool.

[0016] Markings in the diagram: 1-Connecting rod; 2-Drill bit; 3-Central auxiliary crushing cutter; 4-Edge auxiliary crushing cutter; 5-Main crushing cutter; 6-Slag discharge chamber; 7-Slag discharge port; 8-Positioning rod; 9-Positioning hole; 10-Positioning groove; 11-Setting screw; 12-Screw one; 13-Screw two. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a drill rod is provided to facilitate the rapid discharge of slag from the borehole. It is used for gas extraction, water exploration, anchor bolt installation, and other operations. Specifically, it includes a vertically arranged connecting rod 1 and a drill bit 2 coaxially welded to the bottom of the connecting rod 1. The bottom of the drill bit 2 is coaxially equipped with a set of central auxiliary crushing cutters 3 located at its center, two sets of peripheral auxiliary crushing cutters 4 arranged in a circumferential array around the central auxiliary crushing cutters 3, and two sets of main crushing cutters 5 arranged in a circumferential array between the central auxiliary crushing cutters 3 and the peripheral auxiliary crushing cutters 4. Each main crushing cutter 5 is provided with a slag discharge chamber 6 on one side to facilitate the flow of slag from the bottom of the drill bit 2 to the top of the drill bit 2. Each peripheral auxiliary crushing cutter 4 is provided with a slag discharge port 7 on the top of its side wall to facilitate the flow of slag from the side of the drill bit 2 to the top of the drill bit 2. All slag discharge ports 7 and slag discharge chambers 6 are interconnected. Through the coordinated design of the slag discharge chamber 6 and the slag discharge port 7, a continuous slag flow channel is formed from the bottom (main crushing area) to the top (connection end with connecting rod 1) of the drill bit 2. Large pieces of slag produced by crushing can directly enter the slag discharge chamber 6, and the slag on the side flows into the slag discharge chamber 6 through the slag discharge port 7. Finally, it is quickly discharged from the borehole with drilling fluid or gas flow, avoiding repeated crushing caused by the accumulation of slag at the bottom of the drill bit 2, and reducing the load on the cutting tools and the accumulation of heat.

[0019] like Figure 7 As shown, the crushing part of the central auxiliary crushing cutter 3 is a vertically downward-facing conical crushing cutter. Its conical structure concentrates the crushing force in the central area of ​​the drill bit 2, preferentially crushing the core part of the rock strata, forming an initial crushing hole, which provides guidance for the subsequent edge and main crushing cutter 5, and improves the overall crushing efficiency.

[0020] like Figures 6 to 7 As shown, a vertically positioned positioning rod 8 is connected to the top of the central auxiliary crusher 3. The positioning rod 8 is inserted into a positioning hole 9 located at the center of the drill bit 2. A recessed positioning groove 10 is provided on the side wall of the positioning rod 8. A set screw 11 extends into the side of the drill bit 2 and abuts against the positioning groove 10. The set screw 11 is completely hidden inside the drill bit 2. The insertion and engagement of the positioning rod 8 and the positioning hole 9 ensures the coaxiality of the central auxiliary crusher 3. The set screw 11 abuts against the positioning groove 10 to achieve axial positioning, preventing the tool from loosening, and also facilitating later disassembly and replacement. The hidden design of the set screw 11 avoids the protruding structure from scraping the borehole wall, improving operational safety.

[0021] like Figure 8 As shown, the breaking part of the edge auxiliary breaking cutter 4 is a vertically downward-facing annular breaking cutter. Its annular structure covers the area around the drill bit 2, which can simultaneously break the edge of the rock layer and form a "center-edge" collaborative breaking mode with the central auxiliary breaking cutter 3, thereby expanding the single breaking range and reducing the risk of deviation during the drilling process.

[0022] like Figure 3 , Figure 8As shown, the edge auxiliary crushing cutter 4 is detachably connected to the drill bit 2 by screw 12, wherein screw 12 is completely hidden inside the drill bit 2; the detachable design makes it easy to replace the edge auxiliary crushing cutter 4 separately after wear, reducing maintenance costs; screw 12 is hidden inside the drill bit 2 to avoid the exposed screw 12 affecting the flow of slag or scraping the hole wall.

[0023] like Figure 9 As shown, the crushing part of the main crushing cutter 5 is an inclined crushing cutter with an inclination angle of 30°-60°. This allows the crushing cutter to generate an outward radial force when rotating, which not only enhances the impact crushing effect on the rock strata, but also guides the slag to move towards the slag discharge chamber 6, assisting in the directional flow of the slag.

[0024] like Figure 2 , Figure 9 As shown, the main crushing cutter 5 is detachably connected to the drill bit 2 via screw 2 13, where screw 2 13 is completely hidden inside the drill bit 2; the detachable design facilitates the individual replacement of the main crushing cutter 5 after wear, reducing maintenance costs; screw 2 13 is hidden inside the drill bit 2, preventing exposed screw 2 13 from affecting the flow of slag or scraping the hole wall.

[0025] like Figure 6 As shown, the heights of the crushing sections of the central auxiliary crusher 3, the edge auxiliary crusher 4, and the main crusher 5 increase sequentially, adopting a height gradient design to form a "layered crushing" mechanism: the central auxiliary crusher 3 contacts the target first to carry out crushing work, prioritizing the crushing of the rock core; next is the edge auxiliary crusher 4, which simultaneously processes the surrounding area; finally, the main crusher 5 further refines the crushing and pushes the slag to gather in the slag discharge chamber 6, ensuring an orderly and efficient crushing process while maximizing the utilization of the functions of each cutter.

[0026] Working principle of the invention: During drilling operations, the drill rod is connected to an external power device (such as a drilling rig) via connecting rod 1, and the drill bit 2 rotates at high speed and advances downward. The rock strata first come into contact with the conical crushing blade of the central auxiliary crushing cutter 3 and are crushed to form an initial hole; subsequently, the annular crushing blade of the edge auxiliary crushing cutter 4 simultaneously crushes the surrounding rock strata, expanding the crushing range; the inclined crushing blade of the main crushing cutter 5 further refines the crushing and generates radial thrust, causing the slag to move towards the bottom edge of the drill bit 2; Of the slag produced during crushing, the slag located beside the main crushing cutter 5 enters the slag discharge chamber 6 directly, while the slag on the side flows into the slag discharge chamber 6 through the slag discharge port 7 at the top of the side wall of the auxiliary crushing cutter 4. Finally, all the slag flows upward along the slag discharge chamber 6 to the top of the drill bit 2 and is discharged through the internal channel of the connecting rod 1 or the borehole gap. In this process, the slag can be quickly discharged without secondary crushing by the cutter, significantly reducing the workload and heat accumulation of the cutter while ensuring drilling efficiency.

[0027] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill rod for facilitating the rapid discharge of slag from a borehole, comprising a vertically arranged connecting rod and a drill bit coaxially connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod; Its features are: The bottom of the drill bit is coaxially equipped with a set of central auxiliary crushing cutters located at its center, multiple sets of edge auxiliary crushing cutters arranged in a circumferential array around the central auxiliary crushing cutters, and multiple sets of main crushing cutters arranged in a circumferential array between the central auxiliary crushing cutters and the edge auxiliary crushing cutters. Each main crushing cutter has a slag discharge chamber on one side to facilitate the flow of slag from the bottom of the drill bit to the top of the drill bit, and each edge auxiliary crushing cutter has a slag discharge port on the top of its side wall to facilitate the flow of slag from the side of the drill bit to the top of the drill bit. All slag discharge ports and slag discharge chambers are interconnected.

2. The drill rod according to claim 1, which facilitates rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, is characterized in that, The crushing section of the central auxiliary crushing tool is a vertically downward-facing conical crushing tool.

3. The drill rod according to claim 2, which facilitates rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, is characterized in that... The top of the central auxiliary crushing tool is connected to a vertically arranged positioning rod, which is inserted into a positioning hole opened at the center of the drill bit; a recessed positioning groove is opened on the side wall of the positioning rod, and a set screw that can abut against the positioning groove is inserted into the side of the drill bit, wherein the set screw is completely hidden inside the drill bit.

4. The drill rod according to claim 1, which facilitates rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, is characterized in that, The crushing part of the edge auxiliary crushing tool is a vertically downward-facing annular crushing tool.

5. The drill rod according to claim 4, which facilitates rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, is characterized in that... The edge auxiliary crushing tool is detachably connected to the drill bit by a screw, wherein the screw is completely hidden inside the drill bit.

6. The drill rod according to claim 1, which facilitates rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, is characterized in that, The main crushing tool has a downward-sloping crushing section.

7. The drill rod according to claim 6, which facilitates rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, is characterized in that, The main crushing tool is detached from the drill bit by screw two, wherein screw two is completely hidden inside the drill bit.

8. The drill rod according to claim 1, which facilitates rapid discharge of slag from the borehole, is characterized in that, The height of the crushing sections of the central auxiliary crushing cutter, the edge auxiliary crushing cutter, and the main crushing cutter increases sequentially. The central auxiliary crushing cutter contacts the target first and performs the crushing operation, followed by the edge auxiliary crushing cutter, and finally the main crushing cutter.

Images