Heat supply system and heat supply method

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat supply system and a heat supply method, and belongs to the technical field of heat supply. The heat supply system comprises a plurality of heat pump modules, a water distribution device and a water collection device. Each heat pump module comprises a first heat exchange pipe, a first pipeline, a second heat exchange pipe and a second pipeline; in the same heat pump module, the first heat exchange pipe and the first pipeline are adjacently arranged for heat exchange, the second heat exchange pipe and the second pipeline are adjacently arranged for heat exchange, and the first pipeline and the second pipeline are adjacently arranged for heat exchange; the water distribution device is communicated with the first heat exchange pipe of each heat pump module; and the water collecting device is communicated with the second heat exchange pipe of each heat pump module. According to the heat supply system, the multiple standardized heat pump modules which can operate independently are arranged, and the heat pump modules are connected in parallel through the water distribution device and the water collection device, so that the capacity of the heat supply system can be flexibly expanded according to actual requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heating technology, and in particular to a heating system and heating method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for high-temperature heat energy above 80℃ in industrial processes and high-temperature hot water preparation, single-stage compression heat pumps have become commonly used heating equipment due to their simple structure and wide application. However, due to limitations in compression ratio, exhaust temperature, and working fluid performance, single-stage heat pumps cannot provide stable and continuous heat output under high-temperature conditions. When the load fluctuates or the heat source conditions change, the outlet water temperature deviates significantly, and the operating conditions drift, failing to meet the requirements for continuous and stable industrial heating.

[0003] Traditional single-stage heat pumps are mostly designed as a whole, with fixed capacity and poor expansion flexibility. They cannot flexibly increase or decrease capacity according to the heat load on site, and their energy efficiency is low under low load and variable load conditions, resulting in insufficient adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a heating system and heating method to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a heating system is provided, comprising: Multiple heat pump modules, each heat pump module including a first heat exchange tube, a first pipeline, a second heat exchange tube, and a second pipeline; within the same heat pump module, the first heat exchange tube and the first pipeline are arranged adjacent to each other for heat exchange, the second heat exchange tube and the second pipeline are arranged adjacent to each other for heat exchange, and the first pipeline and the second pipeline are arranged adjacent to each other for heat exchange. A water distribution device, connected to the first heat exchange tube of each of the heat pump modules, is configured to distribute water to the first heat exchange tube of at least one of the heat pump modules; and A water collection device is connected to the second heat exchange tube of each of the heat pump modules, and the water collection device is configured to collect the hot water that has undergone heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube of the heat pump module supplied by the water distribution device.

[0006] In some embodiments, the outlet of the water distribution device is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange tube, and the outlet of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the inlet of the water distribution device. The outlet of the water collecting device is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange tube, and the outlet of the second heat exchange tube is connected to the inlet of the water collecting device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the heating system further includes: A water tank, wherein the outlet of the water tank is connected to the inlet of the water distributor, and the inlet of the water tank is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchange tube; The heat-using device has its outlet connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange tube, and its inlet connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange tube.

[0008] In some embodiments, the water distribution device includes a first main water pipe, a second main water pipe, and a plurality of parallel-connected water distribution pipes. The inlet of the first main water pipe is connected to the outlet of the water tank. One of the water distribution pipes connects the outlet of the first main water pipe and the inlet of the second main water pipe. One of the first heat exchange tubes is connected in series in one of the water distribution pipes. A first water pump is installed on the first main water pipe, and the first water pump is located between the water tank and the water distribution pipe; Each of the water distribution pipes is provided with a first valve body, which is located between the first water pump and the first heat exchange pipe; The second main water pipe is equipped with a second valve body, which is located between the first heat exchange pipe and the water tank.

[0009] In some embodiments, each of the water distribution pipes is further provided with a first temperature sensor, a first flow meter and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor and the first flow meter are both disposed between the first heat exchange pipe and the first water pump, and the second temperature sensor is disposed between the first heat exchange pipe and the second main water pipe. The second main water pipe is also equipped with a first pressure gauge, which is located between the second temperature sensor and the second valve body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the water collection device includes a third main water pipe, a plurality of parallel water collection pipes, and a fourth main water pipe. The inlet of the third main water pipe is connected to the outlet of the heat-using device. One of the water collection pipes connects the outlet of the third main water pipe and the inlet of the fourth main water pipe. A second heat exchange tube is connected in series in one of the water collection pipes. A second water pump is installed on the third main water pipe, and the second water pump is located between the heating device and the water collection pipe. Each of the water collection pipes is provided with a third valve body, which is located between the second water pump and the second heat exchange pipe; The fourth main water pipe is provided with a fourth valve body, which is located between the second heat exchange pipe and the heat-using device.

[0011] In some embodiments, each of the water collection pipes is further provided with a third temperature sensor, a second flow meter and a fourth temperature sensor. The third temperature sensor and the second flow meter are both disposed between the second heat exchange pipe and the second water pump, and the fourth temperature sensor is disposed between the second heat exchange pipe and the fourth main water pipe. The fourth main water pipe is also equipped with a second pressure gauge, which is located between the fourth temperature sensor and the fourth valve body.

[0012] In some embodiments, each of the heat pump modules includes at least one heat exchange subsystem, and each heat exchange subsystem includes a first heat exchanger, a first compressor, a first throttle valve, a second heat exchanger, a second compressor, a second throttle valve, and an intermediate heat exchanger; The first heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange tube and a third heat exchange tube that are independent of each other; the second heat exchanger includes a second heat exchange tube and a fourth heat exchange tube that are independent of each other; and the intermediate heat exchanger includes a fifth heat exchange tube and a sixth heat exchange tube that are independent of each other. The third heat exchange tube, the first compressor, the fifth heat exchange tube, and the first throttle valve are fluidly connected to each other to form the first pipeline; The fourth heat exchange tube, the second compressor, the sixth heat exchange tube, and the second throttle valve are fluidly connected to each other to form the second pipeline.

[0013] In some embodiments, each of the heat pump modules includes at least two heat exchange subsystems, and the at least two heat exchange subsystems are connected in parallel.

[0014] In some embodiments, the heating system further includes: The main controller is communicatively connected to each of the heat pump modules.

[0015] According to a second aspect of this application, a heating method is provided, applied to the heating system described in any of the above embodiments, the heating method comprising: The scheduling strategy is determined based on the heat demand. Based on the scheduling strategy, a call command is sent to at least one heat pump module, causing the water distribution device to allocate water to the first heat exchange tube of at least one heat pump module, and the water collection device to collect the hot water after heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube corresponding to the heat pump module. In the same heat pump module, the first heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the first pipeline, and the second heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the second pipeline.

[0016] In some embodiments, the step of determining the scheduling strategy based on heat demand includes: Based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters, the number of heat pump modules in operation is determined to be N, where N≥1. The initial environmental parameters include the inlet water temperature of the first heat exchange tube, the inlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube, the number of heat pump modules already in operation, the energy efficiency ratio of a single heat pump module, and the number of times a single heat pump module has been operated. From the plurality of heat pump modules, N heat pump modules are selected as target heat pump modules according to a preset heating strategy, wherein the preset heating strategy includes a rotation strategy and a comprehensive health strategy.

[0017] In some embodiments, the heating method further includes: When the preset heating strategy is the alternating strategy, Based on the cumulative runtime of each heat pump module, the cumulative runtimes of multiple heat pump modules are compared, and the N heat pump modules with the shortest cumulative runtime are determined as the target heat pump modules. When the preset heating strategy is the comprehensive health strategy, Based on the operating conditions of the heating system, determine the dynamic coefficient of the heating system; Based on the dynamic coefficient, performance health, and equipment health, the N heat pump modules with the highest overall health are determined as the target heat pump modules.

[0018] In some embodiments, the step of sending a call instruction to at least one heat pump module based on the scheduling strategy includes: Start N target heat pump modules and monitor the current environmental parameters of each target heat pump module in real time. The current environmental parameters include the outlet water temperature of the first heat exchange tube, the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube, the inlet temperature of the first compressor, and the inlet temperature of the second throttle valve.

[0019] In some embodiments, the heating method further includes: Based on the comparison results of the initial environmental parameters and the current environmental parameters, it is determined whether each target heat pump module should maintain its current operating state. If each of the target heat pump modules maintains its current operating state, then monitor whether each of the target heat pump modules has a fault alarm or whether the overall health status exceeds a preset health value; If any of the target heat pump modules experiences a fault alarm or its overall health exceeds a preset health value, then another heat pump module will be activated to replace the current target heat pump module. This application utilizes multiple standardized, independently operating heat pump modules, connected in parallel by a water distribution and collection device, allowing for flexible expansion of the heating system's capacity based on actual needs. When increased heating capacity is required, only the number of heat pump modules needs to be increased, without requiring a complete system redesign or large-scale modification. Simultaneously, each heat pump module employs a cascaded circulation structure, achieving stable output of high-temperature hot water through the coupling of the first and second pipelines. When a heat pump module fails, the main controller can isolate it from the system and activate a backup module or increase the output of other modules, ensuring uninterrupted heating and effectively improving system reliability and fault tolerance. Furthermore, the modular design greatly simplifies maintenance, allowing for rapid replacement of faulty heat pump modules and reducing system downtime. Therefore, this heating system features high flexibility, high reliability, and convenient maintenance, and is suitable for various scenarios such as industrial high-temperature hot water, steam preparation, process heating, and district heating, meeting diverse site and load requirements.

[0020] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heating system provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat exchange subsystem provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two heat exchange subsystems provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water distribution device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, which mainly illustrates that the water distribution device distributes water source to at least one heat pump module; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water collection device provided in the exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, which mainly shows that the water collection device collects the hot water after heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube of the heat pump module supplied by the water distribution device. Figure 6 This is the flow chart of the heating system provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A detailed flowchart of the central heating system; Figure 8 This is the flow chart of the heating system provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A detailed flowchart of the central heating system; Figure 10 This is the flow chart of the heating system provided in the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 3 ; Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A detailed flowchart of the central heating system.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10-Heat pump module; 101-First heat exchange tube; 102-First pipeline; 103-Second heat exchange tube; 104-Second pipeline; 105-Third heat exchange tube; 106-Fourth heat exchange tube; 107-Fifth heat exchange tube; 108-Sixth heat exchange tube; 109-First heat exchanger; 110-First compressor; 111-First throttle valve; 112-Second heat exchanger; 113-Second compressor; 114-Second throttle valve; 115-Intermediate heat exchanger; 116-Third pressure gauge; 117-Fourth pressure gauge; 100-Heat exchange subsystem; 20-Water distribution device; 201-First main water pipe; 202-Second main water pipe; 203-Water distribution pipeline; 204-First water pump; 205-First valve body; 206-Second valve body; 207-First temperature sensor; 208-First flow meter; 209-Second temperature sensor; 210-First pressure gauge; 211-First air vent valve; 30-Water collection device; 301-Third main water pipe; 302-Fourth main water pipe; 303-Water collection pipeline; 304-Second water pump; 305-Third valve body; 306-Fourth valve body; 307-Third temperature sensor; 308-Second flow meter; 309-Fourth temperature sensor; 310-Second pressure gauge; 311-Second air vent valve; 40 - Water tank; 50 - Heating device; 60 - Main controller. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0026] Heat pump technology, as a highly efficient energy conversion and utilization method, is widely used in building heating, domestic hot water preparation, and industrial heating. Its basic principle is based on the reverse Carnot cycle, which uses a small amount of high-grade energy (such as electricity) to transfer heat from a low-temperature heat source (such as air, water, or soil) to a high-temperature region, thereby achieving the purpose of heating. Compared to traditional coal-fired, gas-fired boilers, or electric heating methods, heat pump systems have significant energy-saving potential and environmental advantages.

[0027] The industrial sector is increasingly demanding high-temperature heat above 80°C. For example, in food processing, chemical reactions, textile printing and dyeing, and pharmaceuticals, high-temperature hot water or steam is an indispensable energy source in production processes. However, traditional single-stage compression heat pumps face numerous technical bottlenecks in high-temperature heating scenarios due to limitations in compression ratio and exhaust temperature. Specifically, when a single-stage heat pump needs to provide high-temperature hot water, its compressor must operate under high compression ratio conditions, resulting in excessively high exhaust temperatures. This not only accelerates lubricant degradation and motor winding insulation aging but can also, in severe cases, cause compressor burnout. Therefore, single-stage heat pump systems struggle to efficiently and stably meet high-temperature heating demands above 80°C.

[0028] To solve the above problems, the following two solutions are generally used to achieve large-capacity high-temperature heating: The first option is a large-scale, customized cascade heat pump unit. Cascade heat pumps couple two cycles—a low-temperature stage and a high-temperature stage—using an intermediate heat exchanger, achieving higher heating temperatures while reducing the single-stage compression ratio. However, these large-scale, customized cascade units are typically monolithic designs, resulting in complex systems, high initial investment, and large footprints. More importantly, due to the high degree of system integration, a failure in any critical component will force the entire unit to shut down, leading to heating interruptions and low system reliability and fault tolerance. Furthermore, the capacity of such units is fixed at the factory, making flexible expansion based on load changes difficult, and thus unable to adapt to the needs of users of different sizes or dynamic changes in user loads.

[0029] The second approach involves simply connecting multiple conventional heat pumps in parallel. This approach achieves some degree of capacity adjustability by connecting multiple independent conventional heat pump units in parallel. However, conventional heat pumps typically use single-stage or quasi-two-stage compression, making it difficult to directly and stably output hot water above 80°C. Each unit operates independently with low coordination, making it difficult for the main controller to uniformly distribute load and optimize energy efficiency across all units, resulting in the overall system's energy efficiency falling short of optimal levels. Furthermore, simple parallel connection of multiple units often leads to uneven hydraulic distribution, easily causing some units to be overloaded while others are underloaded, further reducing the system's operating efficiency and reliability.

[0030] Therefore, current large-capacity high-temperature heating systems have the following technical problems: First, the heat output is unstable, making it difficult to maintain stable heating capacity under varying operating conditions; second, the system has poor flexibility, with fixed or expanded capacity, making it difficult to meet the needs of users of different sizes; third, maintenance is difficult, and once a failure occurs, the system downtime is long and the maintenance cost is high.

[0031] In fields such as photovoltaic inverters, energy storage systems, and electric vehicle charging stations, existing technologies have achieved flexible capacity expansion, high reliability, and ease of maintenance by decomposing high-power systems into standardized, independently operable power modules. For example, in the photovoltaic inverter field, modular design allows users to flexibly configure the number of power modules according to their installed capacity requirements; in the energy storage field, modular battery cluster design allows the system to continue operating even in the event of a single cluster failure and supports rapid replacement of faulty heat pump modules. However, this modular design approach has not yet been systematically applied in the heat pump field, especially in cascade high-temperature heating systems.

[0032] To resolve the above issues, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2This application provides a heating system that uses multiple standardized, independently operating heat pump modules 10 connected in parallel by a water distribution device 20 and a water collection device 30. This allows the heating system's capacity to be flexibly expanded according to actual needs. When increased heating capacity is required, only the number of heat pump modules 10 needs to be increased, without requiring a complete redesign or large-scale modification of the entire system. Each heat pump module 10 employs a cascaded circulation structure, achieving stable output of high-temperature hot water through the coupling of the first pipe 102 and the second pipe 104. When a heat pump module 10 fails, it can be isolated from the system, and a backup heat pump module 10 can be activated, or the heating output power / operating load of other heat pump modules 10 can be increased, ensuring uninterrupted heating and effectively improving the system's reliability and fault tolerance. Furthermore, the modular design greatly simplifies maintenance, allowing for quick replacement of faulty heat pump modules 10 and reducing downtime of the heating system. Therefore, this heating system features high flexibility, high reliability, and convenient maintenance, and is suitable for various scenarios such as industrial high-temperature hot water, steam preparation, process heating, and centralized heating, meeting the needs of different sites and loads.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 The heating system includes multiple heat pump modules 10, a water distribution device 20, and a water collection device 30.

[0034] The number of heat pump modules 10 can be configured according to actual needs, for example, from 1 to 6, or even more. Each heat pump module 10 is a standardized, independently operating unit with a compact structure, integrated into a standardized cabinet. Multiple standardized cabinets together constitute the overall heating system.

[0035] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3Each heat pump module 10 includes a first heat exchange tube 101, a first pipe 102, a second heat exchange tube 103, and a second pipe 104. Within the same heat pump module 10, the first heat exchange tube 101 and the first pipe 102 are arranged adjacent to each other for heat exchange, the second heat exchange tube 103 and the second pipe 104 are arranged adjacent to each other for heat exchange, and the first pipe 102 and the second pipe 104 are arranged adjacent to each other for heat exchange. Specifically, within the same heat pump module 10, the first heat exchange tube 101 and the first pipe 102 are arranged in an adjacent heat exchange manner, so that the low-grade heat of the low-temperature heat source water can be efficiently transferred to the refrigerant in the first pipe 102 to complete the refrigerant evaporation and heat absorption process; the second heat exchange tube 103 and the second pipe 104 are arranged in an adjacent heat exchange manner, so that the high-grade heat released by the refrigerant in the second pipe 104 can be stably transferred to the user-side return water to achieve high-temperature hot water output; the first pipe 102 and the second pipe 104 are also arranged in an adjacent heat exchange manner, forming an interstage energy coupling channel of cascaded circulation to complete the heat transfer between the low-temperature stage circulation and the high-temperature stage circulation.

[0036] Therefore, through the above-mentioned three-stage compact heat exchange structure, the heat pump module 10 can compress and raise the temperature of the low-grade heat source step by step and convert it into high-grade heat energy of 80°C or above that can be directly supplied to industrial applications. The heat transfer path is short, the heat exchange loss is small, and the system integration is high, so that a single heat pump module 10 can form a complete, independent, and efficient cascade high-temperature heating unit.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 The water distribution device 20 is connected to the first heat exchange tube 101 of each heat pump module 10. The water distribution device 20 is configured to distribute water to the first heat exchange tube 101 of at least one heat pump module 10. The water source can be a low-grade heat source such as industrial waste heat, geothermal energy, or river and lake water. The water distribution device 20 can evenly distribute the water source to each operating heat pump module 10, ensuring consistent hydraulic conditions for each module.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The water collection device 30 is connected to the second heat exchange tube 103 of each heat pump module 10. The water collection device 30 is configured to collect the hot water that has undergone heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube 103 of the heat pump module 10 supplied by the water distribution device 20.

[0039] Specifically, during the operation of a heat pump module 10, the first heat exchange tube 101 receives a low-temperature heat source from the water distribution device 20. The first heat exchange tube 101 exchanges heat with the first pipe 102, allowing the low-grade heat from the low-temperature heat source water to be efficiently transferred to the refrigerant in the first pipe 102, completing the refrigerant evaporation and heat absorption process. The second heat exchange tube 103 in the heat pump module 10 receives water from the user side. The second heat exchange tube 103 exchanges heat with the second pipe 104, allowing the high-grade heat released by the refrigerant in the second pipe 104 to be stably transferred to the user-side return water, achieving high-temperature hot water output. The first pipe 102 and the second pipe 104 in the heat pump module 10 also exchange heat, thus forming a cascaded cycle interstage energy coupling channel. The high-temperature hot water heated by the heat pump module 10 is collected in the water collection device 30 and then uniformly transported to the user side for industrial or domestic use.

[0040] Therefore, this application sets up multiple standardized, independently operating heat pump modules 10, and connects them in parallel using a water distribution device 20 and a water collection device 30, allowing the heating system capacity to be flexibly expanded according to actual needs. When heating capacity needs to be increased, only the number of heat pump modules 10 needs to be increased, without the need for redesigning or large-scale modification of the entire system. Simultaneously, each heat pump module 10 employs a cascaded circulation structure, achieving stable output of high-temperature hot water through the coupling of the first pipe 102 and the second pipe 104. When a heat pump module 10 fails, it can be isolated from the system, and a backup heat pump module 10 can be activated, or the heating output power / operating load of other heat pump modules 10 can be increased, thus ensuring uninterrupted heating and effectively improving the system's reliability and fault tolerance. Furthermore, the modular design greatly simplifies maintenance, allowing for quick replacement of faulty heat pump modules 10 and shortening the heating system's downtime. Therefore, this heating system features high flexibility, high reliability, and convenient maintenance, and is suitable for various scenarios such as industrial high-temperature hot water, steam preparation, process heating, and centralized heating, meeting the needs of different sites and loads.

[0041] The outlet of the water distribution device 20 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange tube 101, and the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 101 is connected to the inlet of the water distribution device 20; the outlet of the water collection device 30 is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange tube 103, and the outlet of the second heat exchange tube 103 is connected to the inlet of the water collection device 30.

[0042] Understandably, the outlet of the water distribution device 20 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange tube 101, and the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 101 is connected to the inlet of the water distribution device 20, forming a closed-loop circulation circuit on the heat source side. The outlet of the water collection device 30 is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange tube 103, and the outlet of the second heat exchange tube 103 is connected to the inlet of the water collection device 30, forming a closed-loop circulation circuit on the user side. This configuration ensures complete isolation between the heat source side and the user side, guaranteeing that fluctuations in water quality, pressure, and flow rate on the heat source side will not affect the stability of high-temperature heating on the user side, making the heating system safer and more reliable.

[0043] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The heating system also includes a water tank 40 and a heat-using device 50.

[0044] The outlet of the water tank 40 is connected to the inlet of the water distribution device 20, and the inlet of the water tank 40 is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 101, forming a closed-loop stable circulation circuit with the water tank 40 as the buffer center on the heat source side. Specifically, the water tank 40, as a buffer container, can smooth out instantaneous fluctuations in the temperature and flow rate of the external water source, ensuring that the temperature and flow rate of the heat source water entering the water distribution device 20 and the first heat exchange tubes 101 of each heat pump module 10 are uniform, avoiding heat pump evaporation pressure drift and unstable heating output due to disturbances on the heat source side, and improving the operational stability of the heating system. At the same time, the water tank 40 can store a sufficient amount of low-temperature heat source water, so that even if the external water source is interrupted for a short time or the power supply is insufficient, the heat pump module 10 can still maintain short-term continuous operation, avoiding frequent start-ups and shutdowns of the heating system due to heat source loss, and ensuring heating continuity.

[0045] The outlet of the heat-using device 50 is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange tube 103, and the inlet of the heat-using device 50 is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange tube 103, forming a closed-loop high-temperature heating system on the user side with the heat-using device 50 as the terminal. Specifically, the return water on the user side, after being heated by the heat-using device 50, flows back into the second heat exchange tube 103 for reheating, forming a continuous closed loop. This ensures that the heat-using device 50 always receives stable high-temperature hot water at 80℃-150℃, with minimal temperature fluctuations and continuous output, meeting the heating requirements of industrial processes. Simultaneously, the high-temperature hot water circulates in a closed loop between the second heat exchange tube 103 and the heat-using device 50, with no heat loss or media leakage. All heat is directed to the heat-using device 50, resulting in higher overall energy efficiency and lower operating costs for the heating system.

[0046] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4The water distribution device 20 includes a first main water pipe 201, a second main water pipe 202, and multiple parallel water distribution pipes 203. The inlet of the first main water pipe 201 is connected to the outlet of the water tank 40, and one water distribution pipe 203 is connected to the outlet of the first main water pipe 201 and the inlet of the second main water pipe 202. A first heat exchange tube 101 is connected in series in one water distribution pipe 203. With this structure, the water distribution device 20 distributes the total water supply as needed and evenly to the evaporation side of each parallel heat pump module 10.

[0047] A first water pump 204 is installed on the first main water pipe 201, and the first water pump 204 is located between the water tank 40 and the distribution water pipes 203. The first water pump 204 is used to provide water circulation power and pump the water source in the water tank 40 to each distribution water pipe 203.

[0048] Each water distribution pipe 203 is equipped with a first valve body 205, which is located between the first water pump 204 and the first heat exchange pipe 101. The first valve body 205 can be a butterfly valve or a solenoid valve, used to control the opening and closing of the corresponding water distribution pipe 203, thereby enabling or disabling the corresponding heat pump module 10. When a heat pump module 10 requires maintenance or malfunctions, the corresponding first valve body 205 can be closed to isolate the faulty heat pump module 10 from the water system without affecting the normal operation of other heat pump modules 10.

[0049] A second valve body 206 is provided on the second main water pipe 202, and the second valve body 206 is located between the first heat exchange pipe 101 and the water tank 40. The second valve body 206 can be a ball valve, used to control the on / off connection between the entire water distribution device 20 and the water tank 40, which facilitates the overall maintenance of the heating system.

[0050] In some embodiments, each water distribution pipe 203 is further provided with a first temperature sensor 207, a first flow meter 208 and a second temperature sensor 209, for real-time monitoring of the operating status of each water distribution pipe 203.

[0051] The first temperature sensor 207 and the first flow meter 208 are both located between the first heat exchange tube 101 and the first water pump 204, and are used to detect the water temperature and water flow rate entering the first heat exchange tube 101, respectively.

[0052] The second temperature sensor 209 is located between the first heat exchange tube 101 and the second main water pipe 202, and is used to detect the water temperature leaving the first heat exchange tube 101.

[0053] A first pressure gauge 210 is also installed on the second main water pipe 202. The first pressure gauge 210 is located between the second temperature sensor 209 and the second valve body 206. The first pressure gauge 210 is used to monitor the overall water pressure of the water distribution device 20 to determine whether there are any abnormalities such as leakage or blockage in the water distribution pipe 203.

[0054] The water distribution device 20 may also include a first air vent valve 211, which is installed on the second main water pipe 202 to remove air accumulated in the water system, ensuring smooth water flow and heat exchange efficiency.

[0055] The water distribution device 20 may also include a first drain valve, which is used to remove rust, sediment, etc. accumulated in the water system to ensure smooth water flow and heat exchange efficiency.

[0056] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 The water collection device 30 includes a third main water pipe 301, multiple parallel water collection pipes 303, and a fourth main water pipe 302. The inlet of the third main water pipe 301 is connected to the outlet of the heat-using device 50. One water collection pipe 303 connects the outlet of the third main water pipe 301 and the inlet of the fourth main water pipe 302. A second heat exchange pipe 103 is connected in series in one water collection pipe 303. Through this structure, the water collection device 30 collects the high-temperature hot water heated by each heat pump module 10 and uniformly delivers it to the heat-using device 50.

[0057] A second water pump 304 is installed on the third main water pipe 301, and the second water pump 304 is located between the heat-using device 50 and the water collection pipe 303. The second water pump 304 is used to provide water circulation power and pump the low-temperature water (or return water) flowing back from the heat-using device 50 to the condenser side of each heat pump module 10 for heating.

[0058] Each water collection pipe 303 is equipped with a third valve body 305, which is located between the second water pump 304 and the second heat exchange pipe 103. The third valve body 305 can be a butterfly valve or a solenoid valve, used to control the opening and closing of the corresponding water collection pipe 303. It works in conjunction with the first valve body 205 to enable or disable the heat pump module 10. When a heat pump module 10 requires maintenance or malfunctions, the corresponding third valve body 305 can be closed to isolate the faulty heat pump module 10 from the water system without affecting the normal operation of other heat pump modules 10.

[0059] A fourth valve body 306 is provided on the fourth main water pipe 302, and the fourth valve body 306 is located between the second heat exchange pipe 103 and the heat-using device 50. The fourth valve body 306 can be a ball valve, used to control the on / off connection between the entire water collection device 30 and the heat-using device 50, facilitating the overall maintenance of the heating system.

[0060] Each water collection pipe 303 is also equipped with a third temperature sensor 307, a second flow meter 308, and a fourth temperature sensor 309, which are used to monitor the operating status of each water collection pipe 303 in real time.

[0061] The third temperature sensor 307 and the second flow meter 308 are both located between the second heat exchange tube 103 and the second water pump 304, and are used to detect the water temperature and water flow rate entering the second heat exchange tube 103, respectively.

[0062] The fourth temperature sensor 309 is located between the second heat exchange tube 103 and the fourth main water pipe 302 to detect the water temperature of the high-temperature hot water leaving the second heat exchange tube 103.

[0063] A second pressure gauge 310 is also provided on the fourth main water pipe 302. The second pressure gauge 310 is located between the fourth temperature sensor 309 and the fourth valve body 306. The second pressure gauge 310 is used to monitor the overall water pressure of the water collection device 30 in order to determine whether there are any abnormalities such as leakage or blockage in the water collection pipe 303.

[0064] The water collection device 30 may also include a second air vent valve 311, which is installed on the fourth main water pipe 302 to remove air accumulated in the water system and ensure smooth water flow and heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] The water collection device 30 may also include a second drain valve, which is used to remove rust, sediment and other accumulated substances in the water system to ensure the smooth flow of the water collection pipe 303 and the heat exchange efficiency.

[0066] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each heat pump module 10 includes at least one heat exchange subsystem 100. Each heat exchange subsystem 100 includes a first heat exchanger 109, a first compressor 110, a first throttle valve 111, a second heat exchanger 112, a second compressor 113, a second throttle valve 114, and an intermediate heat exchanger 115.

[0067] The first heat exchanger 109 includes a first heat exchange tube 101 and a third heat exchange tube 105, which are independent of each other. The first heat exchange tube 101 belongs to the aforementioned water distribution pipe 203 and is used for heat exchange with water from the water distribution device 20. The third heat exchange tube 105 belongs to the refrigerant circuit and is used to circulate low-temperature refrigerant (such as R22, R134a, R410A, R1234yf, R454B, etc.). The first heat exchanger 109 can be an evaporator, which is a plate or shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the water distribution pipe 203 from the water distribution device 20.

[0068] The second heat exchanger 112 includes two independent heat exchange tubes: a second heat exchange tube 103 and a fourth heat exchange tube 106. The second heat exchange tube 103 is part of the aforementioned water collection pipe 303 and is used for heat exchange with the circulating water flowing to the water collection device 30. The fourth heat exchange tube 106 is part of the refrigerant circuit and is used to circulate high-temperature refrigerants (such as R245fa, R515B, R1233zdE, R1336mzz, etc.). The second heat exchanger 112 is a condenser and can be a high-temperature plate heat exchanger or a stainless steel shell-and-tube heat exchanger, outputting high-temperature hot water at 80℃-150℃ for heat exchange with the water collection pipe 303 of the water collection device 30.

[0069] Intermediate heat exchanger 115 includes a fifth heat exchange tube 107 and a sixth heat exchange tube 108 that are independent of each other. Intermediate heat exchanger 115 is used to realize heat transfer between the low-temperature stage cycle and the high-temperature stage cycle.

[0070] In the cryogenic stage cycle, the suction port of the first compressor 110 is connected to the outlet of the third heat exchange tube 105, the discharge port of the first compressor 110 is connected to the inlet of the fifth heat exchange tube 107, the outlet of the fifth heat exchange tube 107 is connected to the inlet of the first throttle valve 111, and the outlet of the first throttle valve 111 is connected to the inlet of the third heat exchange tube 105. Thus, the third heat exchange tube 105, the first compressor 110, the fifth heat exchange tube 107, and the first throttle valve 111 are fluidly connected to form a first pipeline 102. In this first pipeline 102, the cryogenic refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates from the water source in the first heat exchanger 109, is compressed by the first compressor 110, enters the intermediate heat exchanger 115 to release heat and condense, and then returns to the first heat exchanger 109 after being throttled and depressurized by the first throttle valve 111, completing the cryogenic stage cycle.

[0071] In the high-temperature stage cycle, the suction port of the second compressor 113 is connected to the outlet of the sixth heat exchange tube 108, the discharge port of the second compressor 113 is connected to the inlet of the fourth heat exchange tube 106, the outlet of the fourth heat exchange tube 106 is connected to the inlet of the second throttle valve 114, and the outlet of the second throttle valve 114 is connected to the inlet of the sixth heat exchange tube 108. Thus, the fourth heat exchange tube 106, the second compressor 113, the sixth heat exchange tube 108, and the second throttle valve 114 are fluidly connected to form a second pipeline 104. In this second pipeline 104, the high-temperature stage refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates from the low-temperature stage cycle in the intermediate heat exchanger 115, is compressed by the second compressor 113, and then releases heat to the circulating water in the second heat exchanger 112. After being throttled and depressurized by the second throttle valve 114, it returns to the intermediate heat exchanger 115, completing the high-temperature stage cycle.

[0072] The first heat exchange tube 101, the third heat exchange tube 105, the first compressor 110, the fifth heat exchange tube 107, and the first throttle valve 111 constitute the low-temperature stage circulation loop of the heat pump module 10. The second heat exchange tube 103, the fourth heat exchange tube 106, the second compressor 113, the sixth heat exchange tube 108, and the second throttle valve 114 constitute the high-temperature stage circulation loop of the heat pump module 10. Both the first throttle valve 111 and the second throttle valve 114 can be electronic expansion valves.

[0073] Therefore, through the aforementioned cascaded circulation structure, the low-temperature stage circulation extracts heat from the water source and transfers it to the high-temperature stage circulation. The high-temperature stage circulation then raises the heat to an even higher temperature before transferring it to the circulating water, thus achieving a stable output of high-temperature hot water. Due to the use of two-stage compression, the single-stage compression ratio is significantly reduced, effectively solving the problem of excessively high exhaust temperature. This allows the system to stably output high-temperature hot water and even steam, with temperatures ranging from 80℃ to 150℃.

[0074] Each heat pump module 10 also includes a third pressure gauge 116 and a fourth pressure gauge 117, both of which are disposed on the second heat exchange tube 103. The third pressure gauge 116 is disposed near the inlet of the second heat exchange tube 103 and is used to detect the pressure at the inlet of the second heat exchange tube 103. The fourth pressure gauge 117 is disposed near the outlet of the second heat exchange tube 103 and is used to detect the pressure at the outlet of the second heat exchange tube 103.

[0075] Each heat pump module 10 comes with its own power and communication interfaces. The heating system provides standardized electrical busbars and communication buses. When the heat pump module 10 is connected, its power and communication cables are connected to the heating system bus via standard plugs. This standardized electrical interface design further simplifies the module installation and replacement process, achieving true plug-and-play functionality.

[0076] Please see Figure 3 Each heat pump module 10 includes at least two heat exchange subsystems 100, which are connected in parallel. This allows for a further increase in the heating capacity of a single heat pump module 10 without increasing the module's footprint. For example, doubling the heating capacity of the heat pump module 10, such as from 40-80kW to 80-160kW, provides a more flexible capacity granularity selection for the heating system.

[0077] Please see Figure 1The heating system also includes a main controller 60 and slave controllers (not shown in the figure). The main controller 60 is communicatively connected to each heat pump module 10. That is, the main controller 60 is communicatively connected to the slave controller of each heat pump module 10. The slave controller is located in each heat pump module 10. The slave controller is mainly responsible for starting and stopping the first compressor 110 and the second compressor 113 and regulating their frequency, regulating the opening of the first throttle valve 111 and the second throttle valve 114, and the safety protection of the entire heat pump module 10, and executing the scheduling commands of the main controller 60.

[0078] The main controller 60 communicates with the slave controllers of each heat pump module 10 using a master-slave CAN bus or Modbus TCP / IP protocol. Each heat pump module 10's controller acts as a slave station, while the system-level controller acts as the master station. Upon power-up, each heat pump module 10 automatically registers its ID and rated parameters with the main controller 60. Through this communication architecture, the main controller 60 can obtain real-time operating status, health information, and fault information of each heat pump module 10, and can perform precise control and scheduling of each heat pump module 10.

[0079] The main controller 60 is configured to execute the following control logic: The scheduling strategy is determined based on the heat demand. Specifically, the total heat load required, i.e., the heat demand, is calculated based on parameters such as the target outlet water temperature setting range of the heat-using device 50, the inlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103, and the total flow rate of the water collection pipeline 303. Then, based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters, the number N of heat pump modules 10 that need to be put into operation and which heat pump modules 10 to be specifically called are determined.

[0080] Under the rotation strategy, the main controller 60 prioritizes starting the heat pump module 10 with the shortest cumulative running time. This rotation strategy aims to balance the running time of each heat pump module 10, preventing any module from running for a long time and aging prematurely, thereby improving the overall lifespan balance of the system.

[0081] Under the health-based strategy, the main controller 60 prioritizes starting the heat pump module 100 with the highest overall health. The overall health H is calculated by weighting two parameters: performance health Hp and equipment health He. The specific calculation formula is H=f(t)Hp+[1-f(t)]He, where f(t) is a dynamic coefficient.

[0082] The performance health rating Hp reflects the real-time energy efficiency and output level of the heat pump module 10 under current operating conditions. Hp = α p1+β p2+γ p3, where α+β+γ=1. p1 is the instantaneous COP (Coefficient of Performance) deviation rate, p1=(COP) 实际值 -COP 理论值 ) / COP 理论值 p2 represents the heat exchange temperature difference of the first heat exchanger 109, p2 = T1 - T3; T1 is the water temperature after heat exchange through the first heat exchange tube 101; T3 is the inlet temperature of the first compressor 110. p3 represents the heat exchange temperature difference of the second heat exchanger 112, p3 = T4 - T2; T2 is the water temperature after heat exchange through the second heat exchange tube 103; T4 is the outlet temperature of the second compressor 113. T1 is obtained through the second temperature sensor 209; T2 is obtained through the fourth temperature sensor 309.

[0083] The device's health status is He, He = a e1+b e2+c e3+d e4, where a+b+c+d=1, a, b, c, and d are weighting factors for equipment health, and equipment health He reflects the long-term operating status and mechanical integrity of key components of heat pump module 10. e1 is the cumulative operating time of a single heat pump module 10, e2 is the number of start-stop cycles of all compressors in a single heat pump module 10, e3 is the operating noise deviation of all compressors in a single heat pump module 10, and e4 is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the second heat exchange tube 103.

[0084] The device's health status is He, He = a e1+b e2+c e3+d e4, where a+b+c+d=1, a, b, c, and d are weighting factors for equipment health, and equipment health He reflects the long-term operating status and mechanical integrity of key components of heat pump module 10. e1 is the cumulative operating time of a single heat pump module 10, e2 is the number of start-stop cycles of all compressors in a single heat pump module 10, e3 is the operating noise deviation of all compressors in a single heat pump module 10, and e4 is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the second heat exchange tube 103.

[0085] Among them, e1 is obtained by accumulating the count of the slave controller of a single heat pump module 10; e2 is obtained by accumulating the count of start and stop commands by the slave controller of a single heat pump module 10; e3 is obtained by measuring the noise sensor of a single heat pump module 10 and subtracting it from the reference value; e4 can be obtained by detecting and calculating the pressure difference between the third pressure gauge 116 and the fourth pressure gauge of a single heat pump module 10.

[0086] The dynamic coefficient f(t) is adjusted according to the operating conditions of the heating system. When the heating system is pursuing maximum energy efficiency, f(t) ≥ 0.8, in which case the overall health index focuses more on performance health. When the system is in the start-up period or dealing with variable loads, 0.5 ≤ f(t) < 0.8, in which case it is necessary to ensure the system's heating ramp-up or load adjustment needs while minimizing the impact on the power supply, compressor, etc. When the heating system is in standby or near the maintenance period, f(t) < 0.5, in which case the focus is more on equipment health.

[0087] After determining the heat pump modules 10 that need to be put into operation, the main controller 60 sends the frequency setting value of the first compressor 110, the frequency setting value of the second compressor 113, the opening setting value of the first throttle valve 111, and the opening setting value of the second throttle valve 114 to the slave controllers of each heat pump module 10, or makes different degrees of fine-tuning on a uniform compressor frequency value based on the past actual performance of each heat pump module 10, to ensure that the output of all heat pump modules 10 is as balanced as possible.

[0088] In addition, the main controller 60 also has a fault redundancy function. When any heat pump module 10 issues a fault alarm or its overall health level is lower than a preset limit (e.g., H < 0.6), the main controller 60 automatically removes the module from the operating queue and starts the backup module or increases the compressor frequency of the remaining modules to compensate for the heating capacity shortfall, achieving “N+X” redundancy, where X ≥ 1.

[0089] Please see Figure 6 This application also provides a heating method, which is applied to the heating system of any of the above embodiments, and the method includes steps S10-S30.

[0090] Step S10: Determine the scheduling strategy based on the heat demand.

[0091] Step 1: Based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters, determine the number of heat pump modules 10 to be N, where N≥1. The initial environmental parameters include the inlet water temperature T of the first heat exchange tube 101. 01 The inlet water temperature T of the second heat exchange tube 103 02 The number of heat pump modules 10 already in operation, the optimal operating condition of the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of a single heat pump module 10, and the number of times a single heat pump module 10 has been operated.

[0092] Specifically, the main controller 60 first acquires the heat demand, which can be calculated based on parameters such as the user's target outlet water temperature setpoint for the heating device 50, the inlet water temperature of the second heat exchanger 103, and the total flow rate of the water collection pipeline 303. Then, based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters, the main controller 60 determines the number N of heat pump modules 10 that need to be put into operation, where N ≥ 1. The inlet water temperature T of the first heat exchanger 101... 01 The water temperature before heat exchange in the first heat exchange tube 101 is T, and the water inlet temperature T in the second heat exchange tube 103 is T. 02 This refers to the water temperature before heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube 103. Wherein, T... 01 T is obtained through the first temperature sensor 207. 02 The number of operating heat pump modules 10 can be directly read from the main controller 60 by means of the third temperature sensor 307.

[0093] Step 2: Select N heat pump modules 10 as target heat pump modules from multiple heat pump modules 10 according to a preset heating strategy. The preset heating strategy includes a rotation strategy and a comprehensive health strategy.

[0094] Specifically, after determining the quantity N, the main controller 60 selects N heat pump modules 10 from multiple heat pump modules 10 as target heat pump modules according to a preset heating strategy. The preset heating strategy includes a rotation strategy and a comprehensive health strategy.

[0095] When the preset heating strategy is a rotation strategy, the cumulative running time of multiple heat pump modules 10 is compared based on the cumulative running time of each heat pump module 10, and the N heat pump modules 10 with the shortest cumulative running time are determined as the target heat pump modules.

[0096] Specifically, under the turn-by-turn strategy, the main controller 60 compares the cumulative runtime of multiple heat pump modules 10 based on the cumulative runtime of each heat pump module 10, and determines the N heat pump modules 10 with the shortest cumulative runtime as the target heat pump modules.

[0097] In one example, based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters, the number of operating heat pump modules 10 is determined to be 6, and the total number of heat pump modules 10 is 12. The main controller 60 obtains the running time of these 12 heat pump modules 10, sorts the running time of these heat pump modules 10, and then selects the 6 heat pump modules 10 with the shortest running time from the 12 heat pump modules 10 as the target heat pump modules.

[0098] When the preset heating strategy is a comprehensive health strategy, the dynamic coefficient of the heating system is determined based on the operating conditions of the heating system; based on the dynamic coefficient, performance health, and equipment health, the N heat pump modules 10 with the highest comprehensive health are determined as target heat pump modules.

[0099] Specifically, under the comprehensive health strategy, the main controller 60 first determines the dynamic coefficient f(t) based on the operating conditions of the heating system. Then, based on the dynamic coefficient f(t), performance health Hp, and equipment health He, it calculates the comprehensive health H of each heat pump module 10 and selects the N heat pump modules 10 with the highest comprehensive health as target heat pump modules. Under the comprehensive health strategy, the main controller 60 prioritizes starting the heat pump module 10 with the highest comprehensive health. It should be noted that the comprehensive health of each heat pump module 10 is set based on the historical values ​​obtained and saved during the previous operation of the heat pump module 10. In this way, the heat pump module 10 can directly call the comprehensive health H stored in the previous operation before starting, without having to re-collect and calculate Hp, He, and f(t) during the startup phase, which greatly shortens the scheduling decision time, improves the system response speed, and achieves rapid commissioning.

[0100] After determining the heat pump module 10 that needs to be put into operation, the main controller 60 sends uniform low-temperature and high-temperature compressor frequency setting values ​​to the slave controllers of each heat pump module 10, or makes different degrees of fine-tuning on the uniform compressor frequency value according to the past actual performance of each heat pump module 10, so as to ensure that the output of all heat pump modules 10 is as balanced as possible.

[0101] In addition, the main controller 60 also has a fault redundancy function. When any heat pump module 10 issues a fault alarm or its overall health level is lower than a preset limit (e.g., H < 0.6), the main controller 60 automatically removes the module from the operating queue and starts the backup module or increases the compressor frequency of the remaining modules to compensate for the heating capacity shortfall, achieving “N+X” redundancy, where X ≥ 1.

[0102] Step S20: Based on the scheduling strategy, a call command is sent to at least one heat pump module 10, causing the water distribution device 20 to distribute water to the first heat exchange tube 101 of at least one heat pump module 10, and the water collection device 30 to collect the hot water after heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube 103 of the corresponding heat pump module 10. In the same heat pump module 10, the first heat exchange tube 101 exchanges heat with the first pipe 102, and the second heat exchange tube 103 exchanges heat with the second pipe 104.

[0103] Specifically, the main controller 60 sends a call command to the selected target heat pump module according to the scheduling strategy determined in step S10. The target heat pump module starts operation after receiving the call command. During operation, the water distribution device 20 distributes water to the first heat exchange tube 101 of the target heat pump module, and the water collection device 30 collects the hot water after heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube 103 of the corresponding heat pump module 10.

[0104] During the operation of the target heat pump modules, the main controller 60 monitors the current environmental parameters of each target heat pump module in real time, including the outlet water temperature T1 of the first heat exchange tube 101, the outlet water temperature T2 of the second heat exchange tube 103, the inlet temperature T3 of the first compressor 110, and the outlet temperature T4 of the second compressor 113. These parameters are used to calculate the performance health Hp and for subsequent adjustment and control.

[0105] The overall health score H is calculated by weighting two parameters: performance health score Hp and equipment health score He. The specific calculation formula is H=f(t)Hp+[1-f(t)]He, where f(t) is a dynamic coefficient.

[0106] The performance health rating Hp reflects the real-time energy efficiency and output level of the heat pump module 10 under current operating conditions. Hp = α p1+β p2+γ p3, where α+β+γ=1. p1 is the instantaneous COP (Coefficient of Performance) deviation rate, p1=(COP) 实际值 -COP 理论值 ) / COP 理论值 p2 represents the heat exchange temperature difference of the first heat exchanger 109, p2 = T1 - T3; T1 is the water temperature after heat exchange through the first heat exchange tube 101; T3 is the inlet temperature of the first compressor 110. p3 represents the heat exchange temperature difference of the second heat exchanger 112, p3 = T4 - T2; T2 is the water temperature after heat exchange through the second heat exchange tube 103; T4 is the outlet temperature of the second compressor 113. T1 is obtained through the second temperature sensor 209; T2 is obtained through the fourth temperature sensor 309.

[0107] The device's health status is He, He = a e1+b e2+c e3+d e4, where a+b+c+d=1, a, b, c, and d are weighting factors for equipment health, and equipment health He reflects the long-term operating status and mechanical integrity of key components of heat pump module 10. e1 is the cumulative operating time of a single heat pump module 10, e2 is the number of start-stop cycles of all compressors in a single heat pump module 10, e3 is the operating noise deviation of all compressors in a single heat pump module 10, and e4 is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the second heat exchange tube 103.

[0108] Among them, e1 is obtained by accumulating the count of the slave controller of a single heat pump module 10; e2 is obtained by accumulating the count of start and stop commands by the slave controller of a single heat pump module 10; e3 is obtained by measuring the noise sensor of a single heat pump module 10 and subtracting it from the reference value; e4 can be obtained by detecting and calculating the pressure difference between the third pressure gauge 116 and the fourth pressure gauge of a single heat pump module 10.

[0109] The dynamic coefficient f(t) is adjusted according to the operating conditions of the heating system. When the heating system is pursuing maximum energy efficiency, f(t) ≥ 0.8, in which case the overall health index focuses more on performance health. When the system is in the start-up period or dealing with variable loads, 0.5 ≤ f(t) < 0.8, in which case it is necessary to ensure the system's heating ramp-up or load adjustment needs while minimizing the impact on the power supply, compressor, etc. When the heating system is in standby or near the maintenance period, f(t) < 0.5, in which case the focus is more on equipment health.

[0110] In one example, the heating system can switch between a rotation strategy and a comprehensive health strategy based on heating demand and initial environmental parameters. Specifically, to avoid prolonged operation of a particular heat pump module 10, the system prioritizes starting the heat pump module 10 with the shortest cumulative operating time. This allows all heat pump modules 10 to operate in rotation, preventing any single heat pump module 10 from running at high load for extended periods. This ensures that the wear and aging rates of core components such as compressors, heat exchangers, and water pumps are more consistent, preventing premature failure of some heat pump modules 10 and extending the overall lifespan of the heating system. In the rotation strategy mode, when the heating system needs to achieve maximum energy efficiency, it automatically switches to the comprehensive health strategy, prioritizing the starting of the heat pump module 10 with the highest comprehensive health. This strategy switching automatically avoids modules with performance degradation, poor heat exchange, or low operating efficiency, preventing inefficient modules from reducing the overall system energy efficiency and ensuring efficient and stable heating output.

[0111] Therefore, the heating system can intelligently switch between balanced operation and extreme energy efficiency according to the current operating conditions, heat demand and energy efficiency requirements, thereby improving the system's adaptability to complex operating conditions and variable loads, and making it more intelligent.

[0112] Step S30: Based on the comparison results of the initial environmental parameters and the current environmental parameters, determine whether each target heat pump module should maintain its current operating state.

[0113] Specifically, the main controller 60 monitors the status of each target heat pump module and the total output of the heating system in real time. It determines whether the total output of the heating system meets the heating demand. If the total output of the heating system meets the heating demand, that is, the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103 of each heat pump module 10 has reached or exceeded the target outlet water temperature, then the heating system can maintain its current operating state.

[0114] If the total output of the heating system does not meet the heating demand, that is, the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103 of one or more heat pump modules 10 does not reach the target outlet water temperature, then the main controller 60 needs to send a change to at least one of the compressor frequency setting value and throttle valve opening setting value to the slave controllers of the N operating heat pump modules 10.

[0115] If the modified compressor frequency setting exceeds the compressor's limit frequency setting, and / or the modified throttle valve opening setting exceeds the throttle valve's limit opening setting, then return to step S10, where the number N of heat pump modules 10 to be put into operation and the specific heat pump modules 10 to be called are determined based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters. If the modified compressor frequency setting does not exceed the compressor's limit frequency setting, and / or the modified throttle valve opening setting does not exceed the throttle valve's limit opening setting, then the main controller 60 continues to monitor the status of each target heat pump module and the total output of the heating system in real time, and determines whether the total output of the heating system meets the heat demand.

[0116] If each target heat pump module maintains its current operating state, the main controller 60 continues to monitor each target heat pump module for fault alarms or for the overall health level H exceeding a preset health value. For example, in the rotation strategy operation mode of heat pump module 10, the main controller 60 only needs to monitor each target heat pump module for fault alarms. As another example, in the overall health strategy operation mode of heat pump module 10, the main controller 60 needs to monitor not only each target heat pump module for fault alarms but also for the overall health level H exceeding a preset health value.

[0117] If any target heat pump module has a fault alarm or the overall health level H exceeds the preset health value (e.g., H < 0.6), the main controller 60 will activate other heat pump modules 10 to replace the current target heat pump module, thereby achieving automatic isolation and replacement of the faulty heat pump module 10.

[0118] It should be noted that at least one of the multiple heat pump modules 10 in this application can be used as a redundant heat pump module 10, so that the main controller 60 can activate the redundant heat pump module 10 to replace the current target heat pump module.

[0119] Therefore, through the above heating method, intelligent scheduling and dynamic optimization of the heat pump module 10 are achieved, which maximizes the energy efficiency and reliability of the system while ensuring heating demand.

[0120] Please see Figure 7In one example, when the heating system is powered on, it performs a self-test. Through the self-test, it can automatically complete preparatory work such as initialization of heat pump module 10, water circuit venting, valve status calibration, and sensor zero-point calibration, without the need for manual debugging, thus shortening the start-up preparation time. At the same time, it can automatically match the optimal start-up parameters (such as compressor initial frequency and expansion valve initial opening) based on the self-test results, so as to achieve smooth and rapid commissioning and avoid start-up shock and operating condition fluctuations.

[0121] The main controller 60 reads the heat demand and initial environmental parameters, and then determines the number N of heat pump modules 10 that need to be put into operation based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters, and selects the N heat pump modules 10 to be operated according to the preset heating strategy (rotation strategy / comprehensive health strategy).

[0122] The main controller 60 monitors the status of each target heat pump module and the total output of the heating system in real time. It determines whether the total output of the heating system meets the heating demand. If the total output of the heating system meets the heating demand, that is, the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103 of each heat pump module 10 has reached or exceeded the target outlet water temperature, then the heating system can maintain its current operating state.

[0123] If the total output of the heating system does not meet the heating demand, that is, the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103 of one or more heat pump modules 10 does not reach the target outlet water temperature, then the main controller 60 needs to send a change to at least one of the compressor frequency setting value and throttle valve opening setting value to the slave controllers of the N operating heat pump modules 10.

[0124] The system determines whether the modified compressor / throttle valve settings exceed the limit settings. Specifically, if the modified compressor frequency setting exceeds the compressor's limit frequency setting, and / or the modified throttle valve opening setting exceeds the throttle valve's limit opening setting, the system returns to the step of determining the number N of heat pump modules 10 to be put into operation and which heat pump modules 10 to specifically call, based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters. If the modified compressor frequency setting does not exceed the compressor's limit frequency setting, and / or the modified throttle valve opening setting does not exceed the throttle valve's limit opening setting, the system returns to the step of the main controller 60 monitoring the status of each target heat pump module and the total output of the heating system in real time.

[0125] While maintaining the current operating state of the heating system, the main controller 60 monitors each heat pump module 10 in real time for fault alarms. If a target heat pump module has a fault alarm, the faulty target heat pump module is automatically shut down and the standby heat pump module 10 is started. The system then returns to the steps for determining the number N of heat pump modules 10 that need to be put into operation, and which heat pump modules 10 to be called, based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters. If no target heat pump module has a fault alarm, the system returns to the steps for the main controller 60 to monitor the status of each target heat pump module and the total output of the heating system in real time.

[0126] Therefore, this heating system can start up automatically and safely, schedule precisely as needed, dynamically and stably adjust output, provide over-limit protection, and automatically redundancy for faults. This gives the heating system a comprehensive technical effect of smooth start-up, high energy efficiency, strong reliability, fast response, unattended operation, and convenient maintenance, effectively solving the technical problems of unstable heating, lagging adjustment, insufficient protection, and low reliability of traditional heat pumps.

[0127] The heating method of this application also includes: the control process between the main controller 60 and the slave controller.

[0128] Please see Figure 8 and Figure 9 The communication process between the master controller 60 and the slave controller generally includes the following steps: Step S101: Startup preparation.

[0129] Specifically, after receiving a start command from the main controller 60, the controller waits for instructions and then starts the first water pump 204 (low-temperature side circulating water pump), the second water pump 304 (high-temperature side circulating water pump), the first throttle valve 111 (low-temperature electronic expansion valve), and the second throttle valve 114 (high-temperature electronic expansion valve) in the heat pump module 10. If the controller does not receive a start command from the main controller 60, the heat pump module 10 is in standby mode.

[0130] Step S102: Start the cryogenic stage circulation loop.

[0131] Specifically, the first compressor 110 in the low-temperature stage starts and runs at a preset frequency, and monitors the evaporation pressure of the first heat exchanger 109 (evaporator) and the condensation temperature of the intermediate heat exchanger 115 through the controller. The condensation temperature of the intermediate heat exchanger 115 can be measured by the inlet temperature of the fifth heat exchange tube 107 or the outlet temperature of the sixth heat exchange tube 108.

[0132] Step S103: Determine and adjust the operating conditions of the cryogenic stage circulation loop.

[0133] Specifically, it is determined whether the suction superheat of the first compressor 110 and the level of the internal lubricating oil meet the normal operating conditions.

[0134] If the suction superheat of the first compressor 110 exceeds the superheat setting range, or the level of the internal lubricating oil of the first compressor 110 exceeds the preset level setting range, the opening of the first throttle valve 111 and / or the frequency of the first compressor 110 are adjusted to improve the suction superheat and oil return conditions. The evaporation pressure of the first heat exchanger 109 and the condensation temperature of the intermediate heat exchanger 115 are continuously monitored from the controller until the parameters return to normal.

[0135] If the suction superheat of the first compressor 110 is within the superheat setting range, and the internal lubricating oil level of the first compressor 110 is within the preset level setting range, then it is determined that the low-temperature stage has been operating stably and enters the high-temperature stage start-up stage.

[0136] Step S104: Start the high-temperature circulation loop.

[0137] Specifically, the second compressor 113 of the high-temperature stage is controlled to start and run at a preset frequency, and the condensing pressure of the second heat exchanger 112 (condenser) and the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103 (condenser water side) are monitored by the controller.

[0138] Step S105: Determine the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103.

[0139] Specifically, if the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103 does not reach the target outlet water temperature setting range, the current operating state is maintained by continuing to monitor the condensing pressure of the second heat exchanger 112 and the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103 from the controller.

[0140] If the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103 reaches the target outlet water temperature setting range, the controller sends a "stable operation" command to the main controller 60 to inform the main controller 60 that the module has entered a normal, reliable, and power-output working state, so as to avoid the main controller 60 making incorrect scheduling decisions based on unstable operating conditions.

[0141] Step S106: Adjust the energy efficiency of the heating system.

[0142] Specifically, after receiving the "stable operation" command, the main controller 60 initiates the energy efficiency optimization phase of the heating system. At this time, the controller, while maintaining the outlet water temperature as required, aims to maximize the COP of the heating system by adjusting the frequency combination of the two-stage compressors (first compressor 110 and second compressor 113) and the opening of the throttling valves (first throttling valve 111 and second throttling valve 114) to find the optimal energy efficiency ratio operating point under the current operating conditions.

[0143] The specific adjustment process can be broken down into two levels: upper and lower. Upper-level adjustment: coarse-tuning optimization to stabilize intermediate pressure P mAnd aim to improve COP.

[0144] intermediate pressure P m The equilibrium pressure between the two cycles in the intermediate heat exchanger 115 is a key parameter for the energy efficiency of the cascade system of the heat pump module 10. Each heat pump module 10 has a theoretically optimal target value P for the intermediate pressure, taking into account actual heat source demand, heat output demand, and module configuration (including compressor and refrigerant selection). t The goal of upper-level regulation is to adjust P... m Quickly stabilize at P t nearby.

[0145] The upper-level adjustment logic is as follows: Method 1: If P m >1.1 P t This indicates that the heating capacity of the low-temperature stage circulation loop is greater than the heat absorption capacity of the high-temperature stage circulation loop, therefore, the frequency f of the second compressor 113 in the high-temperature stage should be increased preferentially. h If f h The upper limit value f has been reached. hmax Then reduce the opening of the high-temperature stage second throttle valve 114 until P m ≤1.1 P t .

[0146] Method 2: If P m <0.9P t This indicates that the heating capacity of the low-temperature stage circulation loop is less than the heat absorption capacity of the high-temperature stage circulation loop, so the frequency f1 of the first compressor 110 in the low-temperature stage is increased first; if f1 has reached the upper limit value f 1max Then increase the opening of the first throttle valve 111 of the cryogenic stage until P m ≥0.9P t .

[0147] During the above adjustment process, the total power consumption W is monitored in real time. 总 Calculate ΔCOP based on the change in heat demand Q. Where W... 总 =W l +W h W l For the power consumption of the first compressor 110 in the cryogenic stage, W h This represents the power consumption of the second compressor 113 in the high-temperature stage. ΔCOP is the difference between the adjusted COP and the original COP.

[0148] If ΔCOP > 0, it means that method one / method two optimization is effective, and continue to fine-tune P in this direction. m If ΔCOP < 0, then fine-tune P in the opposite direction. m For example, if ΔCOP > 0, it means that method one optimization is effective, and P should be fine-tuned along the direction of method one. mIf ΔCOP < 0, then fine-tune P to mode two. m Similarly, if ΔCOP > 0, it indicates that method two optimization is effective, and P should be fine-tuned along the direction of method two. m If ΔCOP < 0, then fine-tune P in mode one. m .

[0149] When 0.9P is satisfied simultaneously t ≤P m When ≤1.1Pt and 0<ΔCOP<0.1, the upper-level coarse adjustment is completed, and the lower-level fine adjustment stage begins.

[0150] Lower-level adjustment: fine-tuning and optimization, with the goal of stabilizing overheating and further approaching the optimal COP.

[0151] The suction superheat K of the first compressor 110 in the low-temperature stage l This is a core indicator reflecting whether the refrigerant has fully evaporated in the first heat exchanger 109 of the low-temperature stage before entering the first compressor 110 of the low-temperature stage. The suction superheat K of the second compressor 113 in the high-temperature stage... h It is a core indicator reflecting whether the refrigerant has been fully evaporated in the intermediate heat exchanger 115 of the high-temperature stage before entering the second compressor 113 of the high-temperature stage.

[0152] The lower-level adjustment logic is as follows: When K l When K > 8K, increase the opening of the first throttle valve 111 of the cryogenic stage until 5K ≤ K. l ≤8K; when K l When K < 3K, reduce the opening of the first throttle valve 111 in the cryogenic stage until K ≤ 5K. l ≤8K.

[0153] When K h When K > 8K, increase the opening of the second throttle valve 114 of the high-temperature stage until K ≤ 5K. h ≤8K; when K h When K < 3K, reduce the opening of the second throttle valve 114 in the high-temperature stage until K ≤ 5K. h ≤8K. Where K (Kelvin) is the unit of thermodynamic temperature. The water distributor will terminate this optimization adjustment and enter steady-state operation monitoring state when it simultaneously meets the following three conditions: 0.95P t ≤P m ≤1.05P t ; 0.02 < ΔCOP < 0.05; The output water temperature is still not lower than the target outlet water temperature setting range.

[0154] It should be noted that all the above adjustments must be made within the allowable current, exhaust temperature, and high and low pressure safety range of the compressor. The controller monitors the exhaust temperature, high and low pressure, current and other parameters of the first compressor 110 / second compressor 113 in real time. If the safety threshold is exceeded, the machine will be stopped immediately and a fault code will be reported to the main controller 60.

[0155] Step S107: Stop judgment and execute stop.

[0156] Specifically, after receiving the "stable operation" instruction, the main controller 60 determines whether to send a "shutdown" instruction to the slave controller based on the overall heating demand of the heating system.

[0157] If the main controller 60 does not send a "stop" command to the slave controller, the slave controller continues to perform the energy efficiency optimization monitoring in step S106 and continuously monitors the condensing pressure of the second heat exchanger 112 and the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube 103.

[0158] If the main controller 60 sends a "stop" command to the slave controller, the slave controller executes the stop procedure, sequentially shutting down the first compressor 110, the first throttle valve 111, and the first water pump 204 in the low-temperature stage, and the second compressor 113, the second throttle valve 114, and the second water pump 304 in the high-temperature stage, so that the heat pump module 10 enters the standby state.

[0159] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 The heating method of this application also includes: Step S201: Receive start / stop and frequency commands from the main controller 60 from the controller, coordinate the operation of the compressor in the corresponding heat pump module 10, and complete the adjustment and start / stop control of the frequency and throttle valve opening of the two-stage compressor.

[0160] In one example, the heating system includes a heat exchange subsystem 100 that receives start / stop and frequency commands from the main controller 60, coordinates the operation of two compressors (first compressor 110 and second compressor 113) in the corresponding heat pump module 10, and completes the adjustment and start / stop control of the frequency and throttle valve opening of the two-stage compressors.

[0161] In one example, the heating system includes two heat exchange subsystems 100, which receive start / stop and frequency commands from the main controller 60, coordinate the operation of four compressors (two first compressors 110 and two second compressors 113) in the corresponding heat pump module 10, and complete the adjustment and start / stop control of the frequency and throttle valve opening of the two-stage compressors.

[0162] Step S202: The controller executes the safety protection logic in parallel with the highest priority, and monitors parameters such as the exhaust temperature of the compressor (first compressor 110, second compressor 113), the high and low pressure of the heating system, and the operating current of the compressor in real time.

[0163] Step S202 specifically includes: Step 1: Continuously collect parameters such as the real-time exhaust temperature of the compressor, the real-time high and low pressure of the heating system, and the real-time current of the compressor.

[0164] Step 2: Determine whether the above parameters exceed the preset safety threshold.

[0165] Step 3: If none of the parameters exceed the preset safety threshold, continue to maintain real-time monitoring.

[0166] Specifically, if the real-time exhaust temperature of the compressor does not exceed the preset safety threshold for exhaust temperature, the real-time high and low pressure of the heating system does not exceed the preset safety thresholds for high and low pressure, and the real-time current of the compressor does not exceed the preset safety threshold for current, then the real-time monitoring status will continue to be maintained.

[0167] Step 4: If any parameter exceeds the preset safety threshold, immediately execute an emergency shutdown, cut off the power supply to the compressors (first compressor 110 and second compressor 113), report the specific fault code to the main controller 60, and the heat pump module 10 enters a locked state, waiting for manual reset before it can be restarted.

[0168] In one example, if the real-time exhaust temperature of the compressor exceeds the preset safety threshold, an emergency shutdown is immediately executed to cut off the power supply to the compressors (first compressor 110 and second compressor 113), and a specific fault code is reported to the main controller 60. The heat pump module 10 enters a locked state and can only be restarted after manual reset. Similarly, the same operation is performed if the real-time high and low pressure of the heating system exceeds the preset safety thresholds for high and low pressure, or if the real-time current of the compressor exceeds the preset safety threshold for current.

[0169] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0170] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0171] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0172] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A heating system, characterized in that, include: Multiple heat pump modules, each of which includes a first heat exchange tube, a first pipeline, a second heat exchange tube, and a second pipeline; Within the same heat pump module, the first heat exchange tube and the first pipeline are arranged adjacent to each other for heat exchange, the second heat exchange tube and the second pipeline are arranged adjacent to each other for heat exchange, and the first pipeline and the second pipeline are arranged adjacent to each other for heat exchange. A water distribution device is connected to the first heat exchange tube of each of the heat pump modules, and the water distribution device is configured to distribute water to the first heat exchange tube of at least one of the heat pump modules. as well as A water collection device is connected to the second heat exchange tube of each of the heat pump modules, and the water collection device is configured to collect the hot water that has undergone heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube of the heat pump module supplied by the water distribution device.

2. The heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the water distribution device is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange tube, and the outlet of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the inlet of the water distribution device. The outlet of the water collecting device is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange tube, and the outlet of the second heat exchange tube is connected to the inlet of the water collecting device.

3. The heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A water tank, wherein the outlet of the water tank is connected to the inlet of the water distribution device, and the inlet of the water tank is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchange tube; The heat-using device has its outlet connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange tube, and its inlet connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange tube.

4. The heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water distribution device includes a first main water pipe, a second main water pipe, and multiple parallel water distribution pipes. The inlet of the first main water pipe is connected to the outlet of the water tank. One of the water distribution pipes connects the outlet of the first main water pipe and the inlet of the second main water pipe. One of the first heat exchange tubes is connected in series in one of the water distribution pipes. A first water pump is installed on the first main water pipe, and the first water pump is located between the water tank and the water distribution pipe; Each of the water distribution pipes is provided with a first valve body, which is located between the first water pump and the first heat exchange pipe; The second main water pipe is equipped with a second valve body, which is located between the first heat exchange pipe and the water tank.

5. The heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the water distribution pipes is also equipped with a first temperature sensor, a first flow meter and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor and the first flow meter are both located between the first heat exchange pipe and the first water pump, and the second temperature sensor is located between the first heat exchange pipe and the second main water pipe. The second main water pipe is also equipped with a first pressure gauge, which is located between the second temperature sensor and the second valve body.

6. The heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water collection device includes a third main water pipe, multiple parallel water collection pipes, and a fourth main water pipe. The inlet of the third main water pipe is connected to the outlet of the heat-using device. One of the water collection pipes connects the outlet of the third main water pipe and the inlet of the fourth main water pipe. A second heat exchange tube is connected in series in one of the water collection pipes. A second water pump is installed on the third main water pipe, and the second water pump is located between the heating device and the water collection pipe. Each of the water collection pipes is provided with a third valve body, which is located between the second water pump and the second heat exchange pipe; The fourth main water pipe is provided with a fourth valve body, which is located between the second heat exchange pipe and the heat-using device.

7. The heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the water collection pipes is also equipped with a third temperature sensor, a second flow meter and a fourth temperature sensor. The third temperature sensor and the second flow meter are both located between the second heat exchange pipe and the second water pump, and the fourth temperature sensor is located between the second heat exchange pipe and the fourth main water pipe. The fourth main water pipe is also equipped with a second pressure gauge, which is located between the fourth temperature sensor and the fourth valve body.

8. The heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the heat pump modules includes at least one heat exchange subsystem, and each heat exchange subsystem includes a first heat exchanger, a first compressor, a first throttle valve, a second heat exchanger, a second compressor, a second throttle valve, and an intermediate heat exchanger; The first heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange tube and a third heat exchange tube that are independent of each other; the second heat exchanger includes a second heat exchange tube and a fourth heat exchange tube that are independent of each other; and the intermediate heat exchanger includes a fifth heat exchange tube and a sixth heat exchange tube that are independent of each other. The third heat exchange tube, the first compressor, the fifth heat exchange tube, and the first throttle valve are fluidly connected to each other to form the first pipeline; The fourth heat exchange tube, the second compressor, the sixth heat exchange tube, and the second throttle valve are fluidly connected to each other to form the second pipeline.

9. The heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the heat pump modules includes at least two heat exchange subsystems, and the at least two heat exchange subsystems are connected in parallel.

10. The heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The main controller is communicatively connected to each of the heat pump modules.

11. A heating method, characterized in that, The heating method, applied to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprises: Determine the scheduling strategy based on heat demand; Based on the scheduling strategy, a call command is sent to at least one heat pump module, causing the water distribution device to allocate water to the first heat exchange tube of at least one heat pump module, and the water collection device to collect the hot water after heat exchange in the second heat exchange tube corresponding to the heat pump module. In the same heat pump module, the first heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the first pipeline, and the second heat exchange tube exchanges heat with the second pipeline.

12. The heating method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The step of determining the scheduling strategy based on heat demand includes: Based on the heat demand and initial environmental parameters, the number of heat pump modules in operation is determined to be N, where N≥1. The initial environmental parameters include the inlet water temperature of the first heat exchange tube, the inlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube, the number of heat pump modules already in operation, the energy efficiency ratio of a single heat pump module, and the number of times a single heat pump module has been operated. From the plurality of heat pump modules, N heat pump modules are selected as target heat pump modules according to a preset heating strategy, wherein the preset heating strategy includes a rotation strategy and a comprehensive health strategy.

13. The heating method according to claim 12, characterized in that, Also includes: When the preset heating strategy is the alternating strategy, Based on the cumulative runtime of each heat pump module, the cumulative runtimes of multiple heat pump modules are compared, and the N heat pump modules with the shortest cumulative runtime are determined as the target heat pump modules. When the preset heating strategy is the comprehensive health strategy, Based on the operating conditions of the heating system, determine the dynamic coefficient of the heating system; Based on the dynamic coefficient, performance health, and equipment health, the N heat pump modules with the highest overall health are determined as the target heat pump modules.

14. The heating method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The step of sending a call instruction to at least one heat pump module based on the scheduling strategy includes: Start N target heat pump modules and monitor the current environmental parameters of each target heat pump module in real time. The current environmental parameters include the outlet water temperature of the first heat exchange tube, the outlet water temperature of the second heat exchange tube, the inlet temperature of the first compressor, and the inlet temperature of the second throttle valve.

15. The heating method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the comparison results of the initial environmental parameters and the current environmental parameters, it is determined whether each target heat pump module should maintain its current operating state. If each of the target heat pump modules maintains its current operating state, then monitor whether each of the target heat pump modules has a fault alarm or whether the overall health status exceeds a preset health value; If any of the target heat pump modules has a fault alarm or the overall health level exceeds the preset health value, then other heat pump modules will be activated to replace the current target heat pump module.

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