Mineral powder grinding waste gas waste heat utilization system coupled to cement kiln head

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cement industry energy conservation and waste heat recovery, in particular to a mineral powder grinding waste gas waste heat utilization system coupled to a cement kiln head, which comprises a mounting platform. According to the mineral powder grinding waste gas waste heat utilization system coupled to the cement kiln head, an integrated self-cleaning mechanism is arranged in a heat exchanger, a telescopic air cylinder drives the cleaning mechanism to move in the axial direction of a heat exchange pipe, meanwhile, a motor drives a semi-bevel gear and an arc-shaped bevel rack to be alternately meshed, and an annular limiting sleeve is driven to rotate in a reciprocating mode; the full-range cleaning of the central heat exchange tube and the peripheral edge heat exchange tubes is synchronously realized; wherein the T-shaped scraper rotates in a reciprocating manner along with the annular limiting sleeve, continuously crushes and scrapes a scaling layer on the outer wall of the central heat exchange tube, and is matched with the cleaning scraping ring to synchronously clean the edge heat exchange tubes, so that dead-corner-free cleaning of the surfaces of all the heat exchange tubes is realized, and the problem of heat exchange efficiency attenuation caused by scaling layer accumulation is fundamentally avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy conservation and waste heat recovery technology in the cement industry, and in particular to a waste heat utilization system for ore grinding exhaust gas coupled to the cement kiln head. It can be widely used in the cascade recovery, efficient utilization and pretreatment of waste heat from clinker cooling exhaust gas at the kiln head of new dry-process cement production lines. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the mainstream approach in the industry for recovering waste heat from the exhaust gas of cement kiln head grate coolers is to use AQC waste heat boilers for heat recovery, producing steam for power generation or production heating, thus achieving primary utilization of waste heat. However, the exhaust gas after heat exchange in the AQC boiler still contains a large amount of medium- and low-temperature waste heat. If it is directly discharged into the subsequent bag filter dust collection system, it will not only cause a serious waste of waste heat resources, but also accelerate the aging and damage of the bag filter bags due to the medium- and high-temperature exhaust gas, significantly shortening the service life of the filter bags and increasing the system operation and maintenance costs.

[0003] To address these issues, the industry typically adds a shell-and-tube heat exchanger between the AQC boiler and the baghouse dust collector for secondary, cascaded heat recovery of the waste gas, while simultaneously reducing the temperature of the waste gas entering the dust collector. However, in actual production operations, the waste gas from cement kilns contains a large amount of high-hardness clinker dust, alkaline oxides, and other components. During heat exchange, these components easily form adhesive ash and hard scale layers on the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes. Furthermore, as operating time increases, the scale layer continues to thicken, leading to a sharp decrease in the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange tubes. This severely weakens the waste heat recovery effect of the heat exchanger and may even cause blockage of the heat exchange channels, affecting the normal operation of the system.

[0004] To address the issue of scaling on heat exchange tubes, existing technologies primarily employ offline manual cleaning, online steam blowing, and sonic cleaning. Offline manual cleaning requires system shutdown, severely impacting the continuous production efficiency of cement production lines, and the cleaning environment is harsh and labor-intensive. Online steam blowing and sonic cleaning can only remove loose surface dust from heat exchange tubes, offering extremely poor cleaning results for firmly bonded, hard scale layers, failing to fundamentally solve the problem of heat exchange efficiency reduction caused by scaling. The few heat exchangers employing mechanical scraping structures often suffer from limited cleaning coverage and asynchronous cleaning of central and peripheral heat exchange tubes, making it impossible to target and break up thick scale areas. Furthermore, the scraping elements, in prolonged contact with the heat exchange tubes, are prone to excessive wear, resulting in short service life, poor structural stability, and difficulty adapting to the harsh, continuous operation conditions of high temperatures and high dust levels at cement kiln heads.

[0005] Therefore, developing a waste heat utilization system that can achieve efficient cascade utilization of waste heat from cement kiln head exhaust gas, while also possessing online self-cleaning of heat exchange tubes, targeted crushing of thick scale, and long-term stable operation has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waste heat utilization system for ore grinding gas coupled to the head of a cement kiln, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: a waste heat utilization system for ore grinding gas coupled to the head of a cement kiln, comprising an installation platform, wherein a grate cooler for cooling high-temperature clinker in a cement kiln is installed on the installation platform, the exhaust gas outlet of the grate cooler is connected to an AQC boiler, the exhaust port of the AQC boiler is connected to a heat exchanger, and the exhaust port of the heat exchanger is connected to a bag filter, wherein the AQC boiler, the heat exchanger, and the bag filter are all installed on the installation platform;

[0007] The heat exchanger includes a shell, a central heat exchange tube is disposed inside the shell, and at least six peripheral heat exchange tubes are arranged circumferentially around the central heat exchange tube. The upper and lower ends of the central heat exchange tube and each peripheral heat exchange tube are fixed to the inner wall of the shell by connecting sleeves. Two vertically distributed isolation plates are sleeved in the middle of the central heat exchange tube and each peripheral heat exchange tube.

[0008] A telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper connecting sleeve. The piston rod of the telescopic cylinder passes downward through the upper isolation plate and is fixedly connected to a central collar. The central collar is slidably sleeved on the outside of the central heat exchange tube. An annular limiting sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the central collar. A T-shaped scraper is fixed on the inner wall of the annular limiting sleeve. The inner side of the T-shaped scraper is in contact with the outer wall of the central heat exchange tube. A reciprocating rotation drive assembly for driving the annular limiting sleeve to reciprocate is provided on the central collar.

[0009] The outer wall of the central collar is fixedly connected to a cleaning sleeve matching the number of edge heat exchange tubes via a connecting plate. The inner wall of the cleaning sleeve is rotatably connected to a cleaning scraper ring, and the inner side of the cleaning scraper ring is in contact with the outer wall of each edge heat exchange tube. A hinged push rod is hinged between the annular limiting sleeve and the cleaning scraper ring. When the annular limiting sleeve reciprocates, the hinged push rod drives the cleaning scraper ring to reciprocate synchronously.

[0010] Preferably, the reciprocating rotation drive assembly includes an arc-shaped groove formed on the outer wall of the annular limiting sleeve. Arc-shaped bevel racks are fixed on the inner walls of both the upper and lower sides of the arc-shaped groove. A semi-bevel gear is arranged between the two arc-shaped bevel racks. A motor is fixedly connected to the shaft of the semi-bevel gear. The motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the central collar. During the rotation of the semi-bevel gear, it alternately meshes with the upper and lower arc-shaped bevel racks, driving the annular limiting sleeve to reciprocate along the central collar.

[0011] Preferably, the central collar has through grooves corresponding to the T-shaped scrapers, the horizontal end of the T-shaped scraper passes through the through groove and is fixed to the inner wall of the annular limiting sleeve, and the vertical end of the T-shaped scraper is attached to the outer wall of the central heat exchange tube.

[0012] Preferably, at least six of the edge heat exchange tubes are evenly distributed in a regular polygon with the central heat exchange tube as the center; the aperture of the lower isolation plate is larger than that of the upper isolation plate, and a cleaning door is provided at the bottom side of the shell.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the cleaning sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped push groove, one end of the hinged push rod is hinged to the outer wall of the annular limiting sleeve, the other end of the hinged push rod is hinged to the top of the cleaning scraper ring, and the hinged end of the hinged push rod and the cleaning scraper ring are slidably limited within the arc-shaped push groove.

[0014] Preferably, a fixing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the cleaning scraper ring, and a receiving groove is opened inside the fixing ring. An L-shaped assist push rod is movably inserted at the bottom of the fixing ring. The upper end of the L-shaped assist push rod extends into the receiving groove, and spring telescopic rods are hinged to both sides of the upper end of the L-shaped assist push rod. The opposite ends of the two spring telescopic rods are hinged to the inner wall of the receiving groove, and the two spring telescopic rods are distributed in an inverted "V" shape.

[0015] The inner wall of the fixed ring is movably inserted with a T-shaped crushing plate. The cross bar end of the T-shaped crushing plate extends into the receiving groove and is hinged to a deflecting push plate. The end of the deflecting push plate away from the T-shaped crushing plate is hinged to the upper end of the L-shaped assist push rod.

[0016] Preferably, the inner wall of the cleaning sleeve is fixed with a receiving ring tube, which is located below the fixed ring; the inner wall of the receiving ring tube is fixed with a damping spring telescopic rod, the end of the damping spring telescopic rod is fixed with a push plate, and the end face of the push plate facing the axis of the receiving ring tube is fixed with a plurality of staggered inclined plates, one end of the inclined plate is an inclined surface, and the bottom of the other end is provided with a deflection groove, and a limit plate is hinged in the deflection groove;

[0017] The push plate is also fixed with a bottom spring telescopic hook plate on the end face facing the accommodating ring tube axis. The bottom spring telescopic hook plate is located on the lower side of the inclined plate. One end of the bottom spring telescopic hook plate is a beveled surface. The lower end of the L-shaped assist push rod is fitted with a roller, and the roller abuts against the bottom of the bottom spring telescopic hook plate.

[0018] Preferably, multiple U-shaped inserts are movably inserted into the receiving ring tube, with both ends of the U-shaped inserts extending into the receiving ring tube and fixedly connected to both sides of the push plate; the crossbar of the U-shaped insert has an arc surface structure, and an L-shaped push rod abuts against the crossbar of the U-shaped insert. A connecting rod is hinged to the middle of the L-shaped push rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the L-shaped push rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixing ring. The lower end of the L-shaped push rod is in contact with the outer wall of the edge heat exchange tube.

[0019] Preferably, the number of inclined plates fixed on the push plate is four, and the four inclined plates are staggered in the vertical direction; the maximum height to which the spring telescopic rod pulls the L-shaped assist push rod upward matches the bottom height of the uppermost inclined plate.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] This invention achieves efficient cascade utilization of waste heat while balancing system energy saving and equipment protection: Through the coupled configuration of a grate cooler, an AQC boiler, a heat exchanger, and a baghouse dust collector, this invention enables two-stage cascade recovery of waste heat from the clinker cooling exhaust gas at the cement kiln head. First, high-temperature waste heat is recovered via the AQC boiler, followed by secondary recovery of medium- and low-temperature waste heat via the heat exchanger, significantly improving the comprehensive utilization rate of waste heat resources. Simultaneously, the temperature of the exhaust gas is significantly reduced after cooling by the heat exchanger, effectively preventing thermal damage to the baghouse dust collector filter bags from high-temperature exhaust gas, greatly extending the filter bag's service life, and reducing system operation and maintenance costs.

[0022] This invention provides a synchronous, full-coverage cleaning solution for heat exchange tubes, eliminating dead angles and solving the scaling problem. The heat exchanger of this invention incorporates a built-in integrated self-cleaning mechanism. A telescopic cylinder drives the cleaning mechanism to move axially along the heat exchange tubes. Simultaneously, a motor drives the alternating meshing of a semi-bevel gear and an arc-shaped bevel rack, causing the annular limiting sleeve to rotate reciprocally. This synchronously achieves full-range cleaning of the central heat exchange tubes and the circumferential edge heat exchange tubes. The T-shaped scraper, rotating with the annular limiting sleeve, continuously breaks up and scrapes away the scale layer on the outer wall of the central heat exchange tube. Combined with the cleaning scraper ring, it synchronously cleans the edge heat exchange tubes, achieving thorough cleaning of all heat exchange tube surfaces without dead angles. This fundamentally avoids the problem of heat exchange efficiency reduction caused by scale buildup.

[0023] This invention features an adaptive triggering breaking mechanism for thick scale buildup, balancing cleaning effectiveness with component lifespan. Specifically designed for hard, thick scale buildup on edge heat exchange tubes, this invention employs a purely mechanically linked adaptive triggering breaking structure. When the cleaning scraper ring encounters a scale layer exceeding a set thickness, the linkage between the L-shaped push rod and the U-shaped insert rod automatically triggers the T-shaped breaking plate to extend and adhere to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube. This plate, rotating reciprocally with the cleaning mechanism, powerfully breaks up the thick scale layer, solving the problem of conventional scraping structures being unable to clean stubborn scale. Simultaneously, in non-triggered states, the T-shaped breaking plate retracts, preventing long-term contact wear between the cleaning element and the heat exchange tube, significantly extending the service life of the cleaning mechanism and adapting to long-term continuous operation conditions on production lines.

[0024] This invention features a mechanically linked, tiered cleaning and reset mechanism with high structural stability and reliability. Through a guide structure of staggered inclined plates and limiting plates, combined with the reset action of a spring-loaded telescopic rod, the L-shaped push rod achieves tiered downward movement and timed reset. No additional electrical control components are required; the purely mechanical structure can complete segmented cleaning and automatic reset within the cleaning stroke. It boasts high structural stability, a low failure rate, and is perfectly suited to the harsh operating environment of high temperature and high dust levels in cement kilns. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the central collar and the annular limiting sleeve of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the arc-shaped push groove and the hinged push rod of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the T-shaped scraper and through groove of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the annular limiting sleeve and the arc-shaped groove of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the cleaning sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the L-shaped push rod and the U-shaped insert rod of the present invention in a separated state;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the L-shaped push rod of the present invention in the separated state of the bottom spring telescopic hook plate;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the deflection groove and the limiting plate of the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Installation platform; 2. Grate cooler; 3. AQC boiler; 4. Heat exchanger; 41. Shell; 42. Central heat exchange tube; 43. Edge heat exchange tube; 44. Connecting sleeve; 45. Isolation plate; 46. Telescopic cylinder; 47. Central collar; 48. Annular limiting sleeve; 49. Arc groove; 410. Arc-shaped bevel rack; 411. Semi-bevel gear; 412. Motor; 413. T-shaped scraper; 414. Through groove; 5. Cleaning sleeve; 51. Arc-shaped push groove; 52. Cleaning... 53. Scraper ring; 54. Hinged push rod; 55. Fixed ring; 56. Receiving groove; 57. L-shaped assist push rod; 58. Spring telescopic rod; 59. T-shaped crushing plate; 50. Deflecting push plate; 50. Receiving ring tube; 51. Damping spring telescopic rod; 52. Push plate; 53. Inclined plate; 54. Deflecting groove; 55. Limiting plate; 566. U-shaped insert rod; 57. L-shaped push rod; 58. Connecting rod; 59. Bottom spring telescopic hook plate; 6. Bag dust collector. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Please see Figures 1 to 11 This invention provides a technical solution: a waste heat utilization system for ore grinding exhaust gas coupled to a cement kiln head, comprising an installation platform 1, on which a grate cooler 2 is installed. The grate cooler 2 is connected to an external cement kiln head and is used to cool the high-temperature clinker during conveying. An AQC boiler 3 is connected to the top right side of the grate cooler 2 and is installed on the installation platform 1. When the grate cooler 2 cools the high-temperature clinker, part of the exhaust gas generated is transported to the AQC boiler 3 for waste heat utilization. A heat exchanger 4 is connected to the right end of the AQC boiler 3 and is installed on the installation platform 1. A bag filter 6 is installed on the right side of the heat exchanger 4 and is installed on the installation platform 1. The exhaust gas to be discharged is reused for waste heat utilization through the heat exchanger 4, further reducing heat energy waste and further reducing the temperature of the airflow entering the bag filter 6.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11As shown, the heat exchanger 4 includes a shell 41, inside which a central heat exchange tube 42 is installed. At least six edge heat exchange tubes 43 are installed circumferentially around the central heat exchange tube 42. The at least six edge heat exchange tubes 43 are distributed in a regular polygonal pattern. Connecting sleeves 44 are fixedly installed at both the upper and lower ends of the at least six edge heat exchange tubes 43 and the central heat exchange tube 42, and the connecting sleeves 44 are fixed to the inner wall of the shell 41. Two isolation plates 45 are fitted on both sides of the middle of the at least six edge heat exchange tubes 43 and the middle of the central heat exchange tube 42, and the aperture of the lower isolation plate 45 is larger than that of the upper isolation plate 45, so as to facilitate the discharge of impurities after cleaning the surface of the edge heat exchange tubes 43 and the central heat exchange tube 42. A cleaning door is provided at the bottom side of the shell 41 to facilitate the treatment of cleaned impurities.

[0040] A telescopic cylinder 46 is fixedly connected to the upper connecting sleeve 44. The lower end of the telescopic cylinder 46 passes through the upper isolation plate 45 and is fixedly connected to a central collar 47. The central collar 47 is outside the central heat exchange tube 42. An annular limiting sleeve 48 is rotatably fitted into the outer wall of the central collar 47. An arc-shaped groove 49 is opened on the outer wall of the annular limiting sleeve 48. Arc-shaped bevel racks 410 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove 49. A half-bevel gear 411 is between the two arc-shaped bevel racks 410. A motor 412 is fixedly connected to the end of the half-bevel gear 411. The motor 412 is installed on the outer wall of the central collar 47. The outer shell of the motor 412 is provided with a heat insulation shell. During the rotation of the half-bevel gear 411, it alternately meshes with the upper and lower arc-shaped bevel racks 410, thereby driving the annular limiting sleeve 48 to rotate back and forth.

[0041] The central collar 47 is also provided with multiple through grooves 414, and T-shaped scrapers 413 are provided in the through grooves 414. The T-shaped scrapers 413 are attached to the central heat exchange tube 42. The T-shaped scrapers 413 pass through the through grooves 414 and are fixed to the inner wall of the annular limiting sleeve 48. The T-shaped scrapers 413 break up and scrape off the scale layer on the central heat exchange tube 42 to reduce residue.

[0042] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, a cleaning sleeve 5 corresponding to the number of edge heat exchange tubes 43 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the central collar 47 via a connecting plate. An arc-shaped push groove 51 is provided on the top of the cleaning sleeve 5. A cleaning scraper ring 52 is rotatably connected to the top of the inner wall of the cleaning sleeve 5. The cleaning scraper ring 52 is sleeved on the outer wall of the edge heat exchange tubes 43. A hinged push rod 53 is hinged to the top of the cleaning scraper ring 52. The connecting end of the hinged push rod 53 and the cleaning scraper ring 52 slides in the arc-shaped push groove 51. The end of the hinged push rod 53 away from the cleaning scraper ring 52 is hinged to the outer wall of the annular limiting sleeve 48. The annular limiting sleeve 48 reciprocates and rotates in conjunction with the hinged push rod 53 to drive the cleaning scraper ring 52 to reciprocate and rotate, thereby cleaning the surface of the edge heat exchange tubes 43.

[0043] The outer wall of the cleaning scraper ring 52 is fitted with a fixing ring 54.

[0044] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, the fixed ring 54 has multiple receiving slots 541 inside. An L-shaped assisting push rod 542 is inserted through the bottom of the fixed ring 54. Spring telescopic rods 543 are hinged to both sides of the upper end of the L-shaped assisting push rod 542. The opposite ends of the two spring telescopic rods 543 are hinged in the receiving slots 541, and the two spring telescopic rods 543 are distributed in an inverted "V" shape. The maximum height that the spring telescopic rods 543 can pull the L-shaped assisting push rod 542 upward is the height of the bottom of the uppermost inclined plate 563, thus ensuring that the roller of the L-shaped assisting push rod 542 can roll on the bottom surface of the uppermost inclined plate 563 regardless of the rotation angle, and then move downward to reset.

[0045] A T-shaped crushing plate 544 is inserted into the inner wall of the fixed ring 54. The crossbar of the T-shaped crushing plate 544 extends into the receiving groove 541 and is hinged to a deflecting push plate 545. The end of the deflecting push plate 545 away from the T-shaped crushing plate 544 is hinged to the upper end of the L-shaped assisting push rod 542.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, the lower end of the fixed ring 54 has a receiving ring tube 56 fixed to the inner wall of the cleaning sleeve 5, and the receiving ring tube 56 is below the fixed ring 54. A damping spring telescopic rod 561 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving ring tube 56. A push plate 562 is fixedly connected to the end of the damping spring telescopic rod 561. Four staggered inclined plates 563 are fixedly connected to the end face of the push plate 562 facing the axis of the receiving ring tube 56. One end of the inclined plate 563 is an inclined surface, and the bottom of the other end is provided with a deflection groove 564. A limit plate 565 is hinged in the deflection groove 564. The push plate 562 faces the axis of the receiving ring tube 56. A bottom spring telescopic hook plate 569 is also fixedly connected to the end face of the shaft of the ring tube 56. The bottom spring telescopic hook plate 569 is horizontally set under the inclined plate 563. One end of the bottom spring telescopic hook plate 569 is a beveled surface. The bottom of the bottom spring telescopic hook plate 569 abuts against the roller sleeved at the lower end of the L-shaped assist push rod 542. The beveled surface at one end of the bottom spring telescopic hook plate 569, together with the limiting plate 565 on the inclined plate 563, guides the L-shaped assist push rod 542, so that the L-shaped assist push rod 542 can finally roll under the bottom spring telescopic hook plate 569.

[0047] Multiple U-shaped inserts 566 are inserted into the receiving ring tube 56. Both ends of the U-shaped inserts 566 extend into the receiving ring tube 56 and are fixedly connected to both sides of the push plate 562. The crossbar of the U-shaped insert 566 is arc-shaped, and an L-shaped push rod 567 abuts against its arc surface. A connecting rod 568 is hinged to the side of the L-shaped push rod 567, and the end of the connecting rod 568 away from the L-shaped push rod 567 is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixing ring 54. Both ends of the L-shaped push rod 567 are embedded with spheres to reduce friction.

[0048] The method of use and advantages of this invention: The working process of this waste heat recovery system for ore powder mills coupled to the cement kiln head is as follows:

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 5 to 11 As shown, after the high-temperature clinker is conveyed into the grate cooler 2, the fan at the bottom of the grate cooler 2 will transport outside air into its interior to cool the high-temperature clinker. Some of the air enters the AQC boiler 3 to utilize the waste heat of the air. Then it flows through the heat exchanger 4 for secondary utilization. Finally, it is discharged after the dust in the air is filtered by the bag filter 6.

[0050] When air enters the shell 41, the water flows through the central heat exchange tube 42 and the edge heat exchange tube 43 to exchange heat with the airflow in the shell 41. After the air is heated for a certain period of time, the telescopic cylinder 46 extends and drives the central collar 47 to move down to clean the surface of the central heat exchange tube 42 and the edge heat exchange tube 43 to prevent scale buildup on the surface and affect the heat exchange quality.

[0051] When the central collar 47 moves down, the motor 412 drives the half bevel gear 411 to rotate, causing the half bevel gear 411 to intermittently mesh with the two arc-shaped bevel racks 410, which in turn drives the annular limiting sleeve 48 to rotate back and forth, causing the T-shaped scraper 413 on the inner wall of the annular limiting sleeve 48 to rotate back and forth on the outer wall of the central heat exchange tube 42, thus preventing scale buildup on the surface of the central heat exchange tube 42.

[0052] Furthermore, during the reciprocating rotation of the annular limiting sleeve 48, the hinged push rod 53 drives the cleaning scraper ring 52 to reciprocate within the inner wall of the cleaning sleeve 5.

[0053] During the reciprocating rotation of the cleaning scraper ring 52, its lower L-shaped push rod 567 rolls on the outer wall of the edge heat exchange tube 43. When the L-shaped push rod 567 touches a thicker scale layer, it deflects and squeezes the U-shaped insert rod 566, causing the U-shaped insert rod 566 to move and squeeze the push plate 562, which in turn compresses the damping spring telescopic rod 561. This causes the bottom spring telescopic hook plate 569 to separate from the roller at the bottom of the L-shaped assist push rod 542. At this time, the upper end of the L-shaped assist push rod 542 is in spring extension... Under the action of the resetting pull, the retracting rod 543 moves upward, which in turn drives the deflection push plate 545 to squeeze the T-shaped crushing plate 544, causing the T-shaped crushing plate 544 to move towards the outer wall of the edge heat exchange tube 43. At this time, the pull of the spring telescopic rod 543 ensures that the T-shaped crushing plate 544 adheres to the outer wall of the edge heat exchange tube 43. At this time, the cleaning scraper ring 52 and the fixing ring 54 rotate back and forth, driving the T-shaped crushing plate 544 to rotate back and forth, breaking the scale layer on the outer wall of the edge heat exchange tube 43.

[0054] Furthermore, during the reciprocating rotation of the fixed ring 54, the roller at the lower end of the L-shaped assist push rod 542 inside it rolls on the bottom surface of the uppermost inclined plate 563 and moves towards the end with the limit plate 565. When the roller at the lower end of the L-shaped assist push rod 542 presses against the limit plate 565 and deflects, the roller at the lower end of the L-shaped assist push rod 542 separates from the limit plate 565. At this time, the limit plate 565 resets under the action of gravity and then becomes vertical. During the reset process of the L-shaped assist push rod 542, it presses against the limit plate 565 and deflects in the opposite direction and abuts against the deflection groove. On one side of the inner wall of 564, the limiting plate 565 is in an inclined state at this time, and guides the roller at the lower end of the L-shaped push rod 542 to the second inclined plate 563 from top to bottom and continues to roll; the time that the roller at the lower end of the L-shaped push rod 542 rolls on the four inclined plates 563 ensures that the T-shaped crushing plate 544 cleans the scale layer area on the outer wall of the edge heat exchange tube 43 at regular intervals. After cleaning, it is reset to avoid excessive wear of the crushing discs on the T-shaped crushing plate 544. The crushing ends of the crushing discs on the T-shaped crushing plate 544 are hardened and wear-resistant.

[0055] This process is repeated until the L-shaped push rod 542 moves to the lower side of the bottom spring telescopic hook plate 569, completing the downward reset of the L-shaped push rod 542. At this time, the spring telescopic rod 543 is in the stretched state again, which means that when a scale layer of a specified thickness is detected, the T-shaped crushing plate 544 can be rotated back and forth to break the scale layer, reducing the frequency of cleaning the surface of the edge heat exchange tube 43. After cleaning, the central collar 47 is reset by the telescopic cylinder 46.

[0056] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waste heat utilization system for ore grinding gas coupled to a cement kiln head, comprising an installation platform (1), wherein a grate cooler (2) for cooling high-temperature clinker of cement kiln is installed on the installation platform (1), the waste gas outlet of the grate cooler (2) is connected to an AQC boiler (3), the outlet of the AQC boiler (3) is connected to a heat exchanger (4), the outlet of the heat exchanger (4) is connected to a bag filter (6), and the AQC boiler (3), heat exchanger (4), and bag filter (6) are all installed on the installation platform (1). Its features are, The heat exchanger (4) includes a shell (41), a central heat exchange tube (42) is provided inside the shell (41), and at least six edge heat exchange tubes (43) are arranged circumferentially around the central heat exchange tube (42). The upper and lower ends of the central heat exchange tube (42) and each edge heat exchange tube (43) are fixed to the inner wall of the shell (41) by connecting sleeves (44). Two vertically distributed isolation plates (45) are sleeved in the middle of the central heat exchange tube (42) and each edge heat exchange tube (43). A telescopic cylinder (46) is fixedly connected to the upper connecting sleeve (44). The piston rod of the telescopic cylinder (46) passes downward through the upper isolation plate (45) and is fixedly connected to a central collar (47). The central collar (47) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the central heat exchange tube (42). An annular limiting sleeve (48) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the central collar (47). A T-shaped scraper (413) is fixed on the inner wall of the annular limiting sleeve (48). The inner side of the T-shaped scraper (413) is in contact with the outer wall of the central heat exchange tube (42). A reciprocating rotation drive assembly for driving the annular limiting sleeve (48) to reciprocate is provided on the central collar (47). The outer wall of the central collar (47) is fixedly connected to a cleaning sleeve (5) matching the number of edge heat exchange tubes (43) by a connecting plate. The inner wall of the cleaning sleeve (5) is rotatably connected to a cleaning scraper (52). The inner side of the cleaning scraper (52) is in contact with the outer wall of each edge heat exchange tube (43). A hinged push rod (53) is hinged between the annular limiting sleeve (48) and the cleaning scraper (52). When the annular limiting sleeve (48) reciprocates, the cleaning scraper (52) is driven to reciprocate synchronously through the hinged push rod (53).

2. The waste heat utilization system for ore grinding gas coupled to the cement kiln head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating rotation drive assembly includes an arc-shaped groove (49) formed on the outer wall of the annular limiting sleeve (48). Arc-shaped bevel racks (410) are fixed on the inner walls of the upper and lower sides of the arc-shaped groove (49). A half-bevel gear (411) is provided between the two arc-shaped bevel racks (410). A motor (412) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the half-bevel gear (411). The motor (412) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the central collar (47). During the rotation of the half-bevel gear (411), it alternately meshes with the upper and lower arc-shaped bevel racks (410), driving the annular limiting sleeve (48) to reciprocate along the central collar (47).

3. The waste heat utilization system for ore grinding gas coupled to the cement kiln head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The central collar (47) has a through groove (414) corresponding to the T-shaped scraper (413). The horizontal bar end of the T-shaped scraper (413) passes through the through groove (414) and is fixed to the inner wall of the annular limiting sleeve (48). The vertical plate end of the T-shaped scraper (413) is attached to the outer wall of the central heat exchange tube (42).

4. The waste heat utilization system for ore grinding gas coupled to the cement kiln head according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least six of the edge heat exchange tubes (43) are evenly distributed in a regular polygon with the center heat exchange tube (42) as the center; the aperture of the lower isolation plate (45) is larger than the aperture of the upper isolation plate (45), and a cleaning door is provided on the bottom side of the shell (41).

5. The waste heat utilization system for ore grinding gas coupled to the cement kiln head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cleaning sleeve (5) is provided with an arc-shaped push groove (51). One end of the hinged push rod (53) is hinged to the outer wall of the annular limiting sleeve (48), and the other end of the hinged push rod (53) is hinged to the top of the cleaning scraper ring (52). The hinged end of the hinged push rod (53) and the cleaning scraper ring (52) are slidably limited within the arc-shaped push groove (51).

6. The waste heat utilization system for ore grinding gas coupled to the cement kiln head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cleaning scraper ring (52) is fixedly fitted with a fixing ring (54), and the inside of the fixing ring (54) is provided with a receiving groove (541). An L-shaped assist push rod (542) is movably inserted into the bottom of the fixing ring (54). The upper end of the L-shaped assist push rod (542) extends into the receiving groove (541), and spring telescopic rods (543) are hinged to both sides of the upper end of the L-shaped assist push rod (542). The opposite ends of the two spring telescopic rods (543) are hinged to the inner wall of the receiving groove (541). The two spring telescopic rods (543) are distributed in an inverted "V" shape. The inner wall of the fixed ring (54) is movably inserted with a T-shaped crushing plate (544). The cross bar end of the T-shaped crushing plate (544) extends into the receiving groove (541) and is hinged to a deflection push plate (545). The end of the deflection push plate (545) away from the T-shaped crushing plate (544) is hinged to the upper end of the L-shaped assist push rod (542).

7. A waste heat recovery system for ore grinding gas coupled to a cement kiln head, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that: The inner wall of the cleaning sleeve (5) is fixed with a receiving ring tube (56), which is located below the fixed ring (54); the inner wall of the receiving ring tube (56) is fixed with a damping spring telescopic rod (561), and the end of the damping spring telescopic rod (561) is fixed with a push plate (562). The end face of the push plate (562) facing the axis of the receiving ring tube (56) is fixed with a plurality of staggered inclined plates (563). One end of the inclined plate (563) is an inclined surface, and the bottom of the other end is provided with a deflection groove (564). A limit plate (565) is hinged in the deflection groove (564). The push plate (562) is also fixed with a bottom spring telescopic hook plate (569) on the end face facing the axis of the receiving ring tube (56). The bottom spring telescopic hook plate (569) is located on the lower side of the inclined plate (563). One end of the bottom spring telescopic hook plate (569) is a beveled surface. The lower end of the L-shaped push rod (542) is fitted with a roller. The roller abuts against the bottom of the bottom spring telescopic hook plate (569).

8. A waste heat recovery system for ore grinding gas coupled to a cement kiln head, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that: Multiple U-shaped inserts (566) are movably inserted into the receiving ring tube (56). Both ends of the U-shaped inserts (566) extend into the receiving ring tube (56) and are fixedly connected to both sides of the push plate (562). The crossbar of the U-shaped insert (566) has an arc surface structure. An L-shaped push rod (567) abuts against the crossbar of the U-shaped insert (566). A connecting rod (568) is hinged to the middle of the L-shaped push rod (567). The end of the connecting rod (568) away from the L-shaped push rod (567) is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixing ring (54). The lower end of the L-shaped push rod (567) is in contact with the outer wall of the edge heat exchange tube (43).

9. A waste heat recovery system for ore grinding gas coupled to a cement kiln head, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that: The number of inclined plates (563) fixed on the push plate (562) is four, and the four inclined plates (563) are staggered in the vertical direction; the maximum height to which the spring telescopic rod (543) pulls the L-shaped assist push rod (542) upward is matched with the bottom height of the uppermost inclined plate (563).

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