Beam end loading device for seismic test of modular structure

Abstract

The invention provides a beam end loading device for an anti-seismic test of a modular structure. The beam end loading device comprises a base plate, a mounting plate and an auxiliary fixing structure. A loading unit is arranged at the lower end of the substrate; the number of the mounting plates is two, the two mounting plates are both located above the base plate, and the lower mounting plate is connected with the base plate through a force transmission component. The two mounting plates are arranged in a spaced mode in the vertical direction, and a mounting space allowing two beam ends to penetrate through is formed between the two mounting plates; a rolling shaft which is positioned between the two beam ends and is in contact with the two beam ends is arranged in the mounting space; the auxiliary fixing structure is arranged between the two mounting plates and connected with the two mounting plates, and the auxiliary fixing structure is used for driving the two mounting plates to move symmetrically relative to each other or move oppositely. The invention provides a beam end loading device for an anti-seismic test of a modular structure, and aims to solve the problem of poor test result accuracy caused by large friction resistance and no constraint of a contact surface of a beam end loading test device in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of steel structure modular building testing technology, specifically relating to a beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures. Background Technology

[0002] As key load-bearing components in building structures and bridge engineering, the bending, shear, seismic, and ultimate bearing capacities of building beams directly determine structural safety. In engineering design and testing, beam-end loading tests are a method to obtain the stress characteristics of beams, verify their bearing capacity, and determine failure mechanisms. This involves applying vertical, horizontal, or coupled loads to the beam ends to simulate actual working conditions and measure the loads. The experiment uses a steel structure modular building, consisting of two module groups (i.e., upper and lower beams). During the beam-end loading test, the beam loading fixation device is the core equipment to ensure accurate application of the test load and reliable test data.

[0003] In existing technologies, the two beams in traditional loading devices are in rigid contact, resulting in high frictional resistance at the contact surface and a lack of reasonable limiting constraints. During the experiment, it is impossible to effectively restrict beam displacement while allowing horizontal deformation, which easily leads to discrepancies between the beam's force boundary conditions and the theoretical model, directly affecting the accuracy and reliability of the test results. Furthermore, traditional loading devices generally use direct bolt fastening connections, requiring bolts to be installed and removed point by point during installation and disassembly. This process is complex, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, making rapid clamping and positioning impossible and resulting in low work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures, aiming to solve the problem of poor test results caused by large frictional resistance of the contact surface and lack of constraint in existing beam-end loading test devices.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures, comprising: A substrate, wherein a loading unit is provided at the lower end of the substrate; Two mounting plates are provided, both of which are located above the base plate. The lower mounting plate is connected to the base plate via a force transmission member. The two mounting plates are spaced apart in the vertical direction, forming a mounting space between the two mounting plates through which the two beam ends pass. A roller located between and in contact with the two beam ends is provided in the mounting space. An auxiliary fixing structure is disposed between the two mounting plates and connected to the two mounting plates. The auxiliary fixing structure is used to drive the two mounting plates to move symmetrically relative to each other or move away from each other.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures further includes an adjustment unit that is slidably connected to the two mounting plates respectively. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the interval between the two mounting plates. The length direction of the beam in the installation space is set as a first direction, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the first direction is set as a second direction. The adjustment unit includes two adjustment components spaced apart along the second direction.

[0007] In one possible implementation, each of the regulating components includes: Two sliding rods are provided, and the two ends of the two sliding rods are slidably connected to the two mounting plates respectively. The two sliding rods are cross-hinged. A fixing element, detachably connected to the two slide rods, is used to fix the two slide rods.

[0008] In one possible implementation, a plurality of evenly distributed leveling supports are provided between the substrate and the mounting plate located at the lower end, each leveling support comprising: The unit has two uprights, which are parallel and spaced apart. Each upright has multiple slots arranged from top to bottom. A support column is disposed between the two uprights and has a top extending from the two uprights; A strut passes through both of the upright plates, with both ends of the strut extending out of the two upright plates respectively. The strut is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support column. The strut is slidably connected to the two upright plates in the vertical direction. Two locking blocks are provided, each of which is used to be installed in the locking slot of one of the two upright plates to adjust the position of the support rod and the pillar.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the force-transmitting component includes: Two connecting plates are provided, which are parallel and spaced apart, and are respectively connected to the base plate and the mounting plate located below. Multiple butterfly springs are provided, and each butterfly spring is evenly distributed between the two connecting plates.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures further includes a first limiting structure, wherein at least two first limiting structures are provided, and each first limiting structure is spaced apart along the first direction; each first limiting structure includes: A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate located above it, and the fixing plate is provided with a sliding groove; Two first limiting members are provided, and the two first limiting members are spaced apart along the second direction. Both first limiting members are slidably connected to the fixed plate. Each first limiting member is provided with a slider adapted to the slide groove. Each first limiting member has a first vertical surface that contacts the beam end. The first locking member is provided in multiple forms, and each first locking member is used to lock and fix the two first limiting members on the fixed plate.

[0011] In one possible implementation, each of the first limiting members is a triangular structure.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures further includes a second limiting structure, wherein at least two second limiting structures are provided; each second limiting structure is spaced apart along the first direction; each second limiting structure includes: The mounting base is provided in two, and the two mounting bases are spaced apart along the second direction. Both mounting bases are connected to the mounting plate located below. There are two second limiting members, which are respectively arranged in correspondence with the two mounting seats. Each second limiting member is slidably connected to the corresponding mounting seat in the vertical direction. Each second limiting member has a second vertical surface that contacts the beam end. The second locking element is provided in multiple parts, which are used to lock and fix the two second limiting elements onto the corresponding mounting bases respectively.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the auxiliary fixing structure includes two fixing components spaced apart along the second direction; each fixing component includes: Two snap-fit ​​plates are provided, and the two snap-fit ​​plates are respectively snap-fitted and connected to the two mounting plates; The telescopic component is provided with at least one, wherein the fixed end of each telescopic component is connected to the snap-fit ​​plate located at the lower end, and the telescopic end of the telescopic component is connected to the snap-fit ​​plate located at the upper end. There are two auxiliary support rod assemblies, and the two ends of each auxiliary support rod assembly are slidably connected to the two snap-fit ​​plates respectively.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the mounting plate at the lower end is provided with two support shafts spaced apart along the first direction, and each support shaft is arranged along the second direction for placing the beam end.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, two mounting plates are set above the base plate, and the two mounting plates are arranged vertically at intervals to form an installation space through which the upper and lower beam ends can pass. The size of the installation space is adapted to the cross-sectional size of the beam end to be tested, so as to realize the insertion and preliminary positioning of the beam end. A loading unit is provided at the lower end of the base plate, and the mounting plate below is connected to the base plate through a force transmission member. The force transmission member is used to transfer the test load borne by the base plate to the mounting plate below. The load of the loading unit is evenly transferred to the mounting plate and the beam end through the force transmission member, avoiding stress concentration and ensuring accurate application of the test load. A roller is set between the contact surfaces of the two beam ends in the installation space. The roller is in contact with the surfaces of both beam ends at the same time. The roller can realize the force transmission between the two beams and transform the rigid surface contact between the beams in the traditional device into rolling contact, which greatly reduces the frictional resistance between the contact surfaces. This allows the beam to produce horizontal deformation that conforms to the force mechanism during the test, improving the accuracy and reliability of the test data. An auxiliary fixing structure is installed between the two mounting plates, connecting to both plates and allowing them to move symmetrically relative to each other or back to back in the vertical direction. When clamping the beam end, the auxiliary fixing structure drives the two mounting plates to move relative to each other, achieving rapid clamping and positioning of the beam end. When disassembly is required after the test, the auxiliary fixing structure drives the two mounting plates to move back to back, releasing the constraint on the beam end. This eliminates the need for traditional point-by-point bolt removal, making installation and disassembly simple, quick, time-saving, and labor-saving, thus improving testing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the application structure of a beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first limiting structure of a beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a leveling support structure for a beam end loading device used in seismic testing of modular structures, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a leveling support structure for a beam end loading device used in seismic testing of modular structures, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the force transmission component structure of a beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Base plate; 20. Mounting plate; 21. Support shaft; 22. Roller; 23. Column; 30. Auxiliary fixing structure; 311. Snap-fit ​​plate; 32. Auxiliary support rod assembly; 33. Telescopic component; 40. Adjustment assembly; 41. Slide rod; 42. Fixing component; 50. First limiting structure; 51. First limiting component; 52. Fixing plate; 60. Second limiting structure; 61. Second limiting component; 70. Leveling support; 71. Vertical plate; 711. Slot; 72. Column; 73. Support rod; 74. Locking block; 80. Beam; 90. Force transmission component; 91. Connecting plate; 92. Butterfly spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "length", "width", "height", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "head", and "tail" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0020] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," "fixing," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Additionally, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 7 This invention provides a beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures. The beam-end loading device includes a base plate 10, mounting plates 20, and an auxiliary fixing structure 30. A loading unit is provided at the lower end of the base plate 10. Two mounting plates 20 are provided, both located above the base plate 10. The lower mounting plate 20 is connected to the base plate 10 via a force-transmitting member 90. The two mounting plates 20 are spaced apart vertically, forming an installation space between them that passes through two beam ends. A roller 22 is provided in the installation space, located between and in contact with the two beam ends. The auxiliary fixing structure 30 is disposed between and connected to the two mounting plates 20, and is used to drive the two mounting plates 20 to move symmetrically relative to each other or in opposite directions.

[0023] In this embodiment, a loading unit is provided at the lower end of the base plate 10. The loading unit is used to apply vertical, horizontal, or coupled test loads to the entire fixing device. The load is transferred upward through the base plate 10 to the end of the beam to be tested, thereby simulating the stress condition of the beam 80. There are two mounting plates 20, both located above the base plate 10. The lower mounting plate 20 is connected to the base plate 10 by a force transmission member 90, which is used to transfer the test load borne by the base plate 10 to the lower mounting plate 20. The two mounting plates 20 are arranged vertically at intervals, forming an installation space between them that allows the upper and lower beam ends to pass through. The size of the installation space is adapted to the cross-sectional size of the beam end to be tested, so as to realize the insertion and preliminary positioning of the beam end.

[0024] A roller 22 is installed between the contact surfaces of the two beam ends within the installation space, and the roller 22 simultaneously contacts the surfaces of both beam ends. An auxiliary fixing structure 30 is installed between the two mounting plates 20, and the auxiliary fixing structure 30 is connected to both mounting plates 20, which can drive the two mounting plates 20 to move symmetrically relative to each other or back to back in the vertical direction. When it is necessary to clamp the beam end, the auxiliary fixing structure 30 drives the two mounting plates 20 to move relative to each other, so as to quickly clamp and position the beam end; when it is necessary to disassemble after the test, the auxiliary fixing structure 30 drives the two mounting plates 20 to move back to back, so as to release the constraint on the beam end.

[0025] This invention provides a beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures. Compared with existing technologies, two mounting plates 20 are arranged above a base plate 10, spaced vertically to form an installation space through which the upper and lower beam ends can pass. The dimensions of the installation space are adapted to the cross-sectional dimensions of the beam end to be tested, enabling the beam end to pass through and be initially positioned. A loading unit is provided at the lower end of the base plate 10. The mounting plate 20 below is connected to the base plate 10 via a force transmission member 90. The force transmission member 90 is used to transfer the test load borne by the base plate 10 to the mounting plate 20 below. The load of the loading unit is evenly transferred to the mounting plate 20 and the beam end through the force transmission member 90, avoiding stress concentration and ensuring accurate application of the test load. A roller 22 is installed between the contact surfaces of the two beam ends within the installation space. The roller 22 simultaneously contacts the surfaces of both beam ends, enabling force transmission between the two beams and transforming the rigid surface contact between the beams 80 in traditional devices into rolling contact. This significantly reduces frictional resistance between the contact surfaces, allowing the beams 80 to undergo horizontal deformation consistent with the stress mechanism during the test, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the test data. An auxiliary fixing structure 30 is installed between the two mounting plates 20, connected to both plates. This structure allows the two mounting plates 20 to move symmetrically relative to each other or in opposite directions along the vertical direction. When beam ends need to be clamped, the auxiliary fixing structure 30 drives the two mounting plates 20 to move relative to each other, achieving rapid clamping and positioning of the beam ends. When disassembly is required after the test, the auxiliary fixing structure 30 drives the two mounting plates 20 to move in opposite directions, releasing the constraints on the beam ends. This eliminates the need for traditional point-by-point bolt removal, making installation and disassembly simple, quick, time-saving, and labor-saving, thereby improving test efficiency.

[0026] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes an adjustment unit, which is slidably connected to two mounting plates 20 respectively. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the interval between the two mounting plates 20. The length direction of the beam in the installation space is set as the first direction, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the first direction is set as the second direction. The adjustment unit includes two adjustment components 40 spaced apart along the second direction. In this embodiment, the adjustment unit is slidably connected to the two mounting plates 20 respectively, and is used to adjust the vertical distance between the two mounting plates 20 to adapt to the clamping and testing of beams 80 with different cross-sectional heights and specifications. For ease of description, the length direction of the beam 80 in the installation space is set as the first direction; the horizontal direction perpendicular to the first direction is set as the second direction.

[0027] The adjustment unit includes two adjustment components 40, which are spaced apart along a second direction. The two adjustment components 40 act on opposite sides of the mounting plate 20 along the second direction, providing simultaneous support and guidance to both sides of the mounting plate 20. During beam clamping, the adjustment unit drives the two mounting plates 20 to slide relative to or away from each other in the vertical direction, thereby changing the height of the installation space and achieving adaptive clamping for beams of different heights. The two adjustment components 40, spaced apart along the second direction, ensure balanced force and smooth movement of the mounting plate 20 during movement, preventing tilting or jamming.

[0028] Specifically, two rollers 22 may be provided, spaced apart along a first direction. Two uprights 23 are provided between the two mounting plates 20, spaced apart along a second direction, and are used to connect the two ends of the two rollers 22. The two uprights 23 are slidably connected to the two mounting plates 20 in a vertical direction, and each mounting plate 20 is provided with sliding holes adapted to the uprights 23.

[0029] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 Each adjustment component 40 includes a slide rod 41 and a fixing member 42. Two slide rods 41 are provided, with their ends slidably connected to two mounting plates 20 respectively, and the two slide rods 41 are cross-hinged. The fixing member 42 is detachably connected to the two slide rods 41 and is used to fix the two slide rods 41. Specifically, the cross-hinged connection means that the two slide rods 41 are hinged at their midpoints, allowing the two slide rods 41 to rotate relative to each other. In this embodiment, there are two slide rods 41 arranged crosswise and hinged to each other at the cross position, forming an openable scissor-type adjustment structure. The ends of the two slide rods 41 are slidably connected to the corresponding mounting plates 20. When adjusting the distance between the mounting plates 20, the two slide rods 41 can rotate relative to each other around the hinge point, and their ends slide along the mounting plates 20, thereby changing the included angle between the two slide rods 41 and increasing or decreasing the distance between the two mounting plates 20.

[0030] The fixing element 42 is connected to the two sliding rods 41 in a detachable manner. After the spacing between the mounting plates 20 is adjusted to match the height of the beam end section, the fixing element 42 locks the relative position of the two sliding rods 41, restricting further rotation and sliding of the sliding rods 41, thus keeping the mounting plates 20 at the set spacing and ensuring the stability of the test process. When the test is completed or the beam 80 needs to be replaced, the connection between the fixing element 42 and the sliding rods 41 is released, allowing the opening and closing angle of the sliding rods 41 to be readjusted, achieving spacing adjustment. Specifically, the fixing element 42 can be a locking bolt, locking nut, or pin structure, etc.

[0031] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 and Figures 5 to 6A plurality of evenly distributed leveling supports 70 are provided between the base plate 10 and the mounting plate 20 located at the lower end. Each leveling support 70 includes a vertical plate 71, a support column 72, a strut 73, and a locking block 74. There are two vertical plates 71, which are parallel and spaced apart. Each vertical plate 71 has a plurality of locking slots 711 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The support column 72 is disposed between the two vertical plates 71 and has a top end extending out of the two vertical plates 71. The strut 73 passes through the two vertical plates 71 and extends out of the two vertical plates 71 at both ends. The strut 73 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support column 72. The strut 73 and the two vertical plates 71 are slidably connected in the vertical direction. There are two locking blocks 74, which are respectively used to install in the locking slots 711 of the two vertical plates 71 to adjust the position of the strut 73 and the support column 72.

[0032] In this embodiment, two upright plates 71 are provided, which are parallel to each other and spaced apart. A support column 72 is provided between the two upright plates 71, with the top of the support column 72 extending upward and above the two upright plates 71 to directly support the mounting plate 20 located below and transfer the load upward. A strut 73 horizontally passes through the two upright plates 71, with both ends extending to the outside of the two upright plates 71 respectively. The middle position of the strut 73 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support column 72, so that the strut 73 and the support column 72 form an integral lifting structure. The strut 73 slides vertically with the two upright plates 71, and can slide up and down along the upright plates 71, driving the support column 72 to rise and fall synchronously. Each upright plate 71 is machined with multiple slots 711 arranged equidistantly from top to bottom. Two locking blocks 74 are provided, and the two locking blocks 74 are respectively installed in the slots 711 of the two upright plates 71. The locking blocks 74 support the lower end face of the strut 73 and are used to support and limit the vertical height position of the strut 73 and the support column 72. By adjusting the strut 73 to different heights and inserting the locking block 74 into the corresponding height slot 711, the heights of the strut 73, the support column 72, and the lower mounting plate 20 can be adjusted and positioned in stages, thus completing the leveling operation of the mounting plate 20. Multiple leveling supports 70 are evenly distributed between the base plate 10 and the lower mounting plate 20, ensuring uniform distribution of support force and effectively preventing excessive local stress or uneven loading on the mounting plate 20, thus ensuring stable and accurate transmission of the test load.

[0033] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 2 to 7The force transmission component 90 includes connecting plates 91 and butterfly springs 92. Two connecting plates 91 are provided, arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, and connected to the base plate 10 and the mounting plate 20 located below, respectively. Multiple butterfly springs 92 are provided, each evenly distributed between the two connecting plates 91. In this embodiment, two connecting plates 91 are provided, arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, forming an installation space for accommodating the butterfly springs 92. The two connecting plates 91 are fixedly connected to the base plate 10 and the mounting plate 20 located below, respectively. Multiple butterfly springs 92 are evenly distributed between the two connecting plates 91. Each butterfly spring 92 has high axial load-bearing capacity and appropriate elastic deformation characteristics. While transmitting vertical, horizontal, or coupled loads, it can buffer and absorb the impact, vibration, and stress fluctuations generated during loading, making the load applied to the beam end more stable and uniform, and avoiding adverse effects of sudden load changes on the test structure and test data.

[0034] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes a first limiting structure 50. At least two first limiting structures 50 are provided, and each first limiting structure 50 is spaced apart along a first direction. Each first limiting structure 50 includes a fixing plate 52, a first limiting member 51, and a first locking member. The fixing member 42 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 20 located above, and the fixing plate 52 has a sliding groove. Two first limiting members 51 are provided, and the two first limiting members 51 are spaced apart along a second direction. Both first limiting members 51 are slidably connected to the fixing plate 52. Each first limiting member 51 has a slider adapted to the sliding groove. Each first limiting member 51 has a first vertical surface that contacts the beam end. Multiple first locking members are provided, and each first locking member is used to lock two first locking members onto the fixing plate 52.

[0035] In this embodiment, at least two first limiting structures 50 are provided, and each first limiting structure 50 is spaced apart along the first direction. The first limiting structure 50 is used to constrain and position the beam end along the second direction to prevent the beam end from shifting or misaligning during the test and to ensure the stability of the loading test.

[0036] Each first limiting structure 50 includes a fixing plate 52, a first limiting member 51, and a first locking member. The fixing plate 52 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 20 located above it. The fixing plate 52 has a sliding groove, and the extension direction of the sliding groove is consistent with the second direction. There are two first limiting members 51, which are spaced apart along the second direction. Each of the two first limiting members 51 is adapted to the sliding groove on the fixing plate 52 through a slider provided thereon, so as to achieve a sliding connection with the fixing plate 52. This allows the first limiting members 51 to slide freely along the sliding groove in the second direction to accommodate beam ends of different widths.

[0037] Each first limiting member 51 has a first vertical surface, which is used to contact and adhere to the side of the beam end. The first vertical surfaces of the two first limiting members 51 form a clamping constraint on the beam end from both sides, restricting the displacement of the beam end in the second direction. Multiple first locking members are provided, each corresponding to one of the two first limiting members 51. When the first limiting member 51 slides along the groove to a position where it is in close contact with the side of the beam end, the first locking members lock and fix the first limiting member 51 to the fixing plate 52, restricting the first limiting member 51 from sliding further, thus achieving reliable locking of the lateral position of the beam end.

[0038] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 Each of the first limiting members 51 is a triangular structure. In this embodiment, the triangular structure itself has stability, which can improve the structural stiffness and overall stability of the first limiting member 51 when laterally limiting the beam end, and prevent bending, deformation or swaying under test load. One side of the first limiting member 51 forms a first vertical surface for contacting the side of the beam end to ensure effective constraint on the side of the beam end, and the remaining sides form the reinforcing sides of the triangle to improve the stability of the first limiting member 51.

[0039] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures provided in this embodiment of the invention further includes a second limiting structure 60. At least two second limiting structures 60 are provided, and each second limiting structure 60 is spaced apart along a first direction. Each second limiting structure 60 includes a mounting base, a second limiting member 61, and a second locking member. Two mounting bases are provided, spaced apart along a second direction, and both mounting bases are connected to the mounting plate 20 located below. Two second limiting members 61 are provided, each corresponding to one of the two mounting bases, and each second limiting member 61 is slidably connected to its corresponding mounting base in a vertical direction. Each second limiting member 61 has a second vertical surface that contacts the beam end. Multiple second locking members are provided to lock and fix the two second limiting members 61 to their respective mounting bases. In this embodiment, at least two second limiting structures 60 are provided, and each second limiting structure 60 is spaced apart along a first direction, forming a layout with the first limiting structure 50 that corresponds vertically and provides multi-point constraint along the beam length direction. The second limiting structure 60 works in conjunction with the first limiting structure 50 to achieve overall constraint on the upper and lower beam ends in the second direction.

[0040] Two mounting bases are provided, spaced apart along the second direction, and both are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 20 located below. Two corresponding second limiting members 61 are also provided, one for each of the two mounting bases. Each second limiting member 61 is slidably connected to its corresponding mounting base in the vertical direction, and can be vertically adjusted according to the height of the beam end below to accommodate beams 80 with different cross-sectional heights. Each second limiting member 61 has a second vertical surface for contacting the side of the beam end below, forming a lateral clamping and limiting effect from both sides of the beam end. Multiple second locking members are provided, each corresponding to one of the two second limiting members 61. When a second limiting member 61 slides vertically along the mounting base to the target position where it contacts the side of the beam end, the second locking members lock and fix the second limiting member 61 to the mounting base, restricting the second limiting member 61 from sliding or shifting relative to the mounting base, thus reliably locking the lateral position of the beam end below.

[0041] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The auxiliary fixing structure 30 includes two fixing components, which are spaced apart along a second direction. Each fixing component includes a snap-fit ​​plate 311, a telescopic member 33, and an auxiliary support rod assembly 32. Two snap-fit ​​plates 311 are provided, each snap-fitted to one of the two mounting plates 20. At least one telescopic member 33 is provided. The fixed end of each telescopic member 33 is connected to the lower snap-fit ​​plate 311, and the telescopic end of each telescopic member 33 is connected to the upper snap-fit ​​plate 311. Two auxiliary support rod assemblies 32 are provided, with both ends of each auxiliary support rod assembly 32 slidably connected to the two snap-fit ​​plates 311. In this embodiment, the auxiliary fixing structure 30 includes two fixing components, which are spaced apart along a second direction and act on both sides of the mounting plate 20 along the second direction, forming a bilateral symmetrical support and drive structure.

[0042] Two snap-fit ​​plates 311 are provided, arranged vertically up and down, and respectively snap-fitting to the corresponding upper and lower mounting plates 20 to achieve reliable connection and synchronous movement with the mounting plates 20, ensuring uniform transmission of clamping force. At least one telescopic member 33 is provided, with its fixed end connected to the lower snap-fit ​​plate 311 and its telescopic end connected to the upper snap-fit ​​plate 311. Through the telescopic movement of the telescopic member 33, the upper and lower snap-fit ​​plates 311 are driven to move closer or further apart, thereby causing the two mounting plates 20 to move symmetrically relative to each other or back to back, realizing the clamping, loosening, and positioning of the beam end.

[0043] Two auxiliary support rod assemblies 32 are provided, respectively arranged on both sides of the telescopic member 33. The two ends of each auxiliary support rod assembly 32 are slidably connected to the upper and lower locking plates 311. During the movement of the mounting plate 20 driven by the telescopic member 33, the auxiliary support rod assembly 32 slides and provides guidance and support, restricting the locking plates 311 and the mounting plate 20 from tilting, twisting or lateral movement, and ensuring that the upper and lower mounting plates 20 always maintain parallel, synchronous and stable movement.

[0044] Specifically, each auxiliary support rod group 32 can be two support rods 73 that are cross-hinged, with the two ends of the two support rods 73 slidably connected to two snap-fit ​​plates 311 respectively.

[0045] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The mounting plate 20 at the lower end is provided with two support shafts 21, which are spaced apart along a first direction. Each support shaft 21 is arranged along a second direction for placing the beam end. In this embodiment, two support shafts 21 are provided on the mounting plate 20 at the lower end, which are spaced apart along the first direction. The axial direction of each support shaft 21 extends along the second direction, and the support shaft 21 is used to directly support the beam end to be tested. During the test clamping process, the beam end is placed directly on the two support shafts 21, and the force on the mounting plate 20 below is transmitted to the beam end through the support shafts 21. Furthermore, the contact between the beam body 80 and the mounting plate 20 below is a rolling contact, which greatly reduces the frictional resistance between the contact surfaces.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures, characterized in that, include: A substrate, wherein a loading unit is provided at the lower end of the substrate; Two mounting plates are provided, both of which are located above the base plate. The lower mounting plate is connected to the base plate via a force transmission member. The two mounting plates are spaced apart in the vertical direction, forming a mounting space between the two mounting plates through which the two beam ends pass. A roller located between and in contact with the two beam ends is provided in the mounting space. An auxiliary fixing structure is disposed between the two mounting plates and connected to the two mounting plates. The auxiliary fixing structure is used to drive the two mounting plates to move symmetrically relative to each other or move away from each other.

2. The beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures further includes an adjustment unit that is slidably connected to the two mounting plates respectively. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the interval between the two mounting plates. The length direction of the beam in the installation space is set as the first direction, and the horizontal direction perpendicular to the first direction is set as the second direction. The adjustment unit includes two adjustment components that are spaced apart along the second direction.

3. The beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the adjustment components includes: Two sliding rods are provided, and the two ends of the two sliding rods are slidably connected to the two mounting plates respectively. The two sliding rods are cross-hinged. A fixing element, detachably connected to the two slide rods, is used to fix the two slide rods.

4. The beam end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of evenly distributed leveling supports are provided between the substrate and the mounting plate located at the lower end, each leveling support comprising: The unit has two uprights, which are parallel and spaced apart. Each upright has multiple slots arranged from top to bottom. A support column is disposed between the two uprights and has a top extending from the two uprights; A strut passes through both of the upright plates, with both ends of the strut extending out of the two upright plates respectively. The strut is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support column. The strut is slidably connected to the two upright plates in the vertical direction. Two locking blocks are provided, each of which is used to be installed in the locking slot of one of the two upright plates to adjust the position of the support rod and the pillar.

5. A beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The force transmission component includes: Two connecting plates are provided, which are parallel and spaced apart, and are respectively connected to the base plate and the mounting plate located below. Multiple butterfly springs are provided, and each butterfly spring is evenly distributed between the two connecting plates.

6. A beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures further includes a first limiting structure, wherein at least two first limiting structures are provided, and each first limiting structure is spaced apart along the first direction; each first limiting structure includes: A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate located above it, and the fixing plate is provided with a sliding groove; Two first limiting members are provided, and the two first limiting members are spaced apart along the second direction. Both first limiting members are slidably connected to the fixed plate. Each first limiting member is provided with a slider adapted to the slide groove. Each first limiting member has a first vertical surface that contacts the beam end. The first locking member is provided in multiple forms, and each first locking member is used to lock and fix the two first limiting members on the fixed plate.

7. A beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the first limiting components is a triangular structure.

8. A beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures further includes a second limiting structure, of which at least two are provided; each of the second limiting structures is spaced apart along the first direction; each of the second limiting structures includes: The mounting base is provided in two, and the two mounting bases are spaced apart along the second direction. Both mounting bases are connected to the mounting plate located below. There are two second limiting members, which are respectively arranged in correspondence with the two mounting seats. Each second limiting member is slidably connected to the corresponding mounting seat in the vertical direction. Each second limiting member has a second vertical surface that contacts the beam end. The second locking element is provided in multiple parts, which are used to lock and fix the two second limiting elements onto the corresponding mounting bases respectively.

9. A beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The auxiliary fixing structure includes two fixing components spaced apart along the second direction; each fixing component includes: Two snap-fit ​​plates are provided, and the two snap-fit ​​plates are respectively snap-fitted and connected to the two mounting plates; The telescopic component is provided with at least one, wherein the fixed end of each telescopic component is connected to the snap-fit ​​plate located at the lower end, and the telescopic end of the telescopic component is connected to the snap-fit ​​plate located at the upper end. There are two auxiliary support rod assemblies, and the two ends of each auxiliary support rod assembly are slidably connected to the two snap-fit ​​plates respectively.

10. A beam-end loading device for seismic testing of modular structures as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting plate at the lower end is provided with two support shafts spaced apart along the first direction, and each support shaft is arranged along the second direction for placing the beam end.

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