Photovoltaic field soil stratified sampling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, and discloses a photovoltaic field soil stratified sampling device which comprises a rack and three stages of bearing seats from top to bottom, and synchronous rotation sampling of four drill barrels is realized through a motor, belt transmission and linkage of multiple groups of eccentric shafts; the drill cylinder is provided with an arc-shaped alloy head which is matched with a locking piece to quickly and stably connect and prevent autorotation; a telescopic inclined rod is arranged in a drill rod in the drill cylinder, soil is cut off through gas transmission control, and a sample is prevented from falling off; the device comprises an overload clutch structure, and automatic force breaking protection is achieved when hard resistance is encountered; the rack and the supporting frame are folded synchronously, the lifting mechanism is driven by a worm and gear, and stable operation is ensured; the box body and the turning plate form protection to adapt to the field environment; the device is high in sampling efficiency, strong in representativeness, convenient to operate, capable of accurately sampling in a stratified mode and suitable for photovoltaic field area soil detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil sampling technology, and in particular to a soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields. Background Technology

[0002] This project focuses on the monitoring and ecological restoration of the geographical environment of photovoltaic power plants. It requires the systematic collection of multi-dimensional geographical information on soil physicochemical properties, topography, wind erosion, and vegetation. Soil mapping is a core component of the photovoltaic power plant's geographic information system and provides fundamental data support for wind erosion environment research, soil matrix improvement, and ecological restoration. Currently, the continuous development of clean energy industries such as solar energy, coupled with declining costs and steadily improving efficiency of solar photovoltaic technology, is driving solar panels towards greater affordability and widespread adoption. However, the large-scale construction of photovoltaic power plants can also have short-term impacts on soil quality and chemical properties. Land excavation and leveling operations can easily lead to soil mixing and accumulation, and the construction of solar panel foundations may introduce foreign substances that alter the soil's chemical composition. Although planting vegetation within photovoltaic power plants can positively improve the soil, continuous and close monitoring of the soil improvement status is necessary.

[0003] During the construction and operation of photovoltaic power plants, it is necessary to conduct stratified soil sampling and testing in the site area to understand the soil composition, structure, and physicochemical properties, providing data support for power plant design, construction, and subsequent maintenance. Currently, soil sampling in photovoltaic sites mostly uses single-drill sampling devices, which collect soil samples by rotating a single drill. Such devices can only obtain soil samples from one point per operation, resulting in low sampling efficiency and making it difficult to meet the rapid sampling needs of large-area photovoltaic sites. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields, which solves the problem in the background art that only one soil sample can be obtained per operation, resulting in low sampling efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields includes a frame, on which a first support base, a second support base, and a third support base are installed from top to bottom. A first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first support base, and the first rotating shaft is connected to a first motor via belt drive. A second rotating shaft is provided at the lower end of the first rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second support base. A first eccentric shaft is connected to the lower end of the second rotating shaft, and a cross-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the first eccentric shaft. The four branches of the cross-shaped frame are rotatably connected to the second eccentric shafts, and the four second eccentric shafts rotate synchronously. A third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second eccentric shaft, and the third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the third support base, and the third rotating shaft is located on the plane where the four quadrant axes of the third support base are located. A drill barrel is connected to the lower end of the third rotating shaft via a locking member.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields has significant technical advantages: four drill barrels operate simultaneously, greatly improving sampling efficiency and representativeness; the connection between the drill barrel and the locking component is stable, and the alloy head enhances wear resistance and soil breaking ability; the inclined drill rod achieves soil stratification and prevents detachment; the clutch structure provides overload protection to ensure device safety; the folding lifting mechanism saves space and provides stable support, and the worm gear transmission improves sampling depth accuracy; the box and flap provide rainproof and debris-proof protection for the drill barrel, making the device adaptable to complex field environments, easy to operate, and accurate and reliable in sampling. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of this application.

[0008] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cross-shaped frame.

[0009] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the drill barrel.

[0010] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the locking component.

[0011] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front view cross-section structure of the tip.

[0012] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the drill pipe.

[0013] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main sectional view of the valve seat.

[0014] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the plug.

[0015] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main sectional view of the end cap.

[0016] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first clutch wheel.

[0017] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the first clutch wheel.

[0018] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the second clutch wheel.

[0019] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the substrate.

[0020] Figure 14 This is a side view schematic diagram of the first and second links.

[0021] Figure 15This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting mechanism.

[0022] Figure 16 This is a side view sectional structural diagram of the first and second boxes.

[0023] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first and second boxes.

[0024] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the flap.

[0025] Figure 19 This is a side view sectional diagram of the guide rail.

[0026] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the flip panel.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. First bearing seat; 3. Second bearing seat; 4. Third bearing seat; 5. First rotating shaft; 6. First motor; 7. Second rotating shaft; 8. First eccentric shaft; 9. Cross-shaped frame; 10. Second eccentric shaft; 11. Third rotating shaft; 12. Locking element; 13. Drill barrel; 14. Alloy head; 15. Plug; 16. Annular groove; 17. Cross-section; 18. Valve seat; 19. Insertion hole; 20. Sliding hole; 21. First chuck; 22. Second chuck; 23. Bolt hole; 24. Countersunk bolt; 2 5. Clamping groove; 26. First spring; 27. Guide groove; 28. Guide rod; 29. ​​Drill rod; 30. Threaded groove; 31. Cavity; 32. Tip; 33. Second spring; 34. Frustum; 35. Slide groove; 36. Inclined hole; 37. Inclined rod; 38. Ball head; 39. Valve stem; 40. First sealing ring; 41. Air supply channel; 42. First clutch wheel; 43. Second clutch wheel; 44. Shaft cover; 45. Vertical rod; 46. Limiting plate; 47. Blind hole; 48. Octagonal prism; 49. Third spring; 50. 51. Support frame; 52. Lifting mechanism; 53. Carrier plate; 54. Ear seat; 55. Support rod; 56. Bracket seat; 57. Base plate; 58. Tripod; 59. First connecting rod; 60. Second connecting rod; 61. Turnbuckle; 62. Through slot; 63. First telescopic rod; 64. Lifting rod; 65. Gear groove; 66. Arc groove; 67. Guide tube; 68. Support; 69. First bearing seat; 70. Worm gear; 71. Second bearing seat; 72. Worm; 73. Second motor; 74. Base; 75. First housing 75. Opening; 76. First notch; 77. Second box; 78. Receiving cavity; 79. Second notch; 80. Hinge seat; 81. Second telescopic rod; 82. Bending rod; 83. First shaft; 84. Third connecting rod; 85. Second shaft; 86. Third bearing seat; 87. Flip plate; 88. Fourth connecting rod; 89. Third shaft; 90. Slider; 91. Guide rail; 92. Fifth connecting rod; 93. Third motor; 94. Second sealing ring; 95. Sleeve; 96. End cap; 97. Sixth connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” “fifth,” “sixth,” “seventh,” “eighth,” “ninth,” and “tenth” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields includes a frame 1. A first support seat 2, a second support seat 3, and a third support seat 4 arranged from top to bottom are installed on the frame 1. In this invention, the connection between the third support seat 4 and the frame 1 is a rigid fixed connection. The specific structure and connection method are as follows: The frame 1 is an integral frame structure, and a reinforcing crossbeam extending in the horizontal direction is provided at the lower part corresponding to the installation position of the third support seat 4 (not separately labeled in the figure, it is an integral structure of the frame body). A first rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the first bearing seat 2. The first rotating shaft 5 is connected to a first motor 6 via belt drive. The first motor 6 is connected to the frame 1. A second rotating shaft 7 is connected to the lower end of the first rotating shaft 5 via a flange. The second rotating shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat 3. A first eccentric shaft 8 is connected to the lower end of the second rotating shaft 7. A cross-shaped frame 9 is rotatably connected to the first eccentric shaft 8. The four branches of the cross-shaped frame 9 are rotatably connected to second eccentric shafts 10. The four second eccentric shafts 10 rotate synchronously. A third rotating shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the second eccentric shaft 10. The third rotating shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the third bearing seat 4, and the third rotating shaft 11 is located on the plane where the four quadrant axes of the third bearing seat 4 are located. A drill barrel 13 is connected to the lower end of the third rotating shaft 11 via a locking member 12. Technical problems that can be solved: Traditional soil sampling devices in photovoltaic fields mostly operate with a single drill barrel 13, resulting in low sampling efficiency and difficulty in simultaneously sampling different locations in the field, leading to insufficient sample representativeness; if the movement of multi-drill barrel 13 devices is not synchronized, inconsistent sampling depths are likely to occur. Movement process: The first motor 6 drives the first rotating shaft 5 to rotate via belt drive, and the first rotating shaft 5 synchronously drives the second rotating shaft 7 to rotate; the first eccentric shaft 8 at the lower end of the second rotating shaft 7 rotates with it, thereby driving the cross-shaped frame 9 to move, and the second eccentric shafts 10 on the four branches of the cross-shaped frame 9 rotate synchronously, driving the four third rotating shafts 11 to rotate synchronously on the planes where the four quadrant axes of the third bearing seat 4 are located; the third rotating shafts 11 drive the drill barrels 13 to rotate synchronously, realizing that the four drill barrels 13 can simultaneously sample the soil. Beneficial effects: Through the coordinated operation of multiple sets of eccentric shafts, the four drill barrels 13 can move synchronously, enabling simultaneous soil sampling at four different locations in the photovoltaic field, which greatly improves sampling efficiency; the four drill barrels 13 are located on the planes of the four quadrant axes of the third bearing seat 4, and the sampling positions are evenly distributed, which improves the representativeness of the sampling; the multi-axis transmission structure is stable, ensuring consistent sampling depth and improving sampling accuracy.

[0033] like Figure 3As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the drill barrel 13 has a barrel-shaped structure. The lower end of the drill barrel 13 has alloy heads 14 arranged at equal angles. The alloy heads 14 are arc-shaped, and their inner and outer walls are flush with the inner and outer walls of the drill barrel 13. A semi-circular groove is formed on the bottom surface of the alloy heads 14. A plug 15 is connected to the top surface of the drill barrel 13. An annular groove 16 is formed on the side wall of the plug 15. The annular groove 16 is hook-shaped, and the top surface of the plug 15 has two symmetrical cut surfaces 17 that communicate with the annular groove 16. The technical problems that can be solved are: the drill barrel 13 wears quickly and has a short service life when sampling hard strata; the lower end of the drill barrel 13 experiences high resistance when cutting soil, making it prone to jamming; and the drill barrel 13 is prone to relative rotation or detachment when connected to the locking member 12, affecting sampling stability. Movement Process: When the drill barrel 13 rotates, the arc-shaped alloy head 14 at the lower end rotates synchronously with the drill barrel 13. The semi-circular groove on the bottom surface of the alloy head 14 cuts and breaks up the soil. The arc-shaped structure and the flush design of the inner and outer walls reduce the frictional resistance of the soil against the drill barrel 13. The drill barrel 13 is connected to the locking member 12 through the plug 15 on the top surface. The annular groove 16 of the plug 15 cooperates with the clamping structure of the locking member 12, and the cut surface 17 prevents the drill barrel 13 from rotating during rotation. Beneficial Effects: The alloy head 14 improves the wear resistance of the drill barrel 13 and extends its service life; the arc-shaped design and semi-circular groove enhance the soil breaking ability, reduce cutting resistance, and reduce jamming; the annular groove 16 and cut surface 17 design of the plug 15 make the connection between the drill barrel 13 and the locking member 12 firm, preventing rotation and detachment, and ensuring a stable and reliable sampling process.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the locking member 12 includes a valve seat 18, the bottom surface of which has an insertion hole 19 that is adapted to the plug 15; the side wall of the valve seat 18 has a sliding hole 20 that communicates with the insertion hole 19, and a first clamp 21 and a second clamp 22 are slidably connected in the sliding hole 20. The center of the first clamp 21 and the second clamp 22 has a bolt hole 23, and a countersunk bolt 24 is installed in the bolt hole 23. The first clamp 21 and the second clamp After clamping plug 15, there is a gap between them. The opposing surfaces of the first chuck 21 and the second chuck 22 have clamping grooves 25 that fit the cut surface 17 and the annular groove 16. The cut surface 17 prevents the drill barrel 13 from rotating. Two symmetrical first springs 26 are installed on the opposing surfaces of the first chuck 21 and the second chuck 22. The upper sidewalls of the first chuck 21 and the second chuck 22 have guide grooves 27, and guide rods 28 are slidably connected within the guide grooves 27. The guide rods 28 are fixed to the sliding hole 20. The technical problem that can be solved is that the connection and disassembly of the drill barrel 13 and the third rotating shaft 11 are cumbersome, affecting sampling efficiency. Movement Process: Insert the plug 15 of the drill barrel 13 into the socket 19 of the valve seat 18, tighten the countersunk bolt 24, and the first chuck 21 and the second chuck 22 clamp the plug 15, with the gap between them providing a buffer for clamping; the guide rod 28 slides along the guide groove 27 to ensure the stability of the movement direction of the first chuck 21 and the second chuck 22; the facet 17 cooperates with the clamping groove 25 to prevent the drill barrel 13 from rotating. The first spring 26 allows the two chucks to quickly return to their original positions. Beneficial Effects: The drill barrel 13 can be quickly loaded and unloaded through the cooperation of the first chuck 21, the second chuck 22 and the spring, improving operating efficiency; the design of the countersunk bolt 24 and the clamping groove 25 ensures a firm connection and prevents loosening; the facet 17 effectively prevents the drill barrel 13 from rotating; the guide rod 28 and the guide groove 27 improve the stability of the clamping structure and extend the service life of the locking component 12.

[0035] like Figures 5-9As shown in the embodiment, as an optimization, a drill rod 29 is connected to the top surface of the drill barrel 13, and the side wall of the drill rod 29 has a threaded groove 30; the lower end of the drill rod 29 has a cavity 31, and a tip 32 is bolted to the cavity 31, the tip 32 being flush with the contact surface of the drill rod 29; a second spring 33 is connected to the top surface of the tip 32, and a truncated cone 34 is connected to the upper end of the second spring 33, the upper diameter of the truncated cone 34 being larger than the lower diameter, and the inclined surface of the truncated cone 34 having equally angled sliding grooves 35; the side wall of the drill rod 29 has equally spaced inclined holes 36, the inclination direction of the inclined holes 36 being opposite to the inclination direction of the sliding grooves 35, and the inclined holes 36 having... A slidable rod 37 is connected. In the initial state, the slidable rod 37 is hidden in the inclined hole 36. The upper end of the slidable rod 37 is connected to a ball head 38, which is adapted to the sliding groove 35 and can slide along the sliding groove 35. The upper end of the cone 34 is connected to a valve stem 39, and a first sealing ring 40 is installed on the side wall of the valve stem 39. An air supply channel 41 is opened in the center of the drill rod 29, and the valve stem 39 is slidably connected to the air supply channel 41. The air supply channel 41 extends upward and passes through the drill barrel 13, the plug 15, the valve seat 18, and the third rotating shaft 11 in sequence. Injecting air into the air supply channel 41 causes the cone 34 to move downward. The slidable rod 37 cuts off the sampled soil and prevents the sampled soil from falling. Furthermore, a second sealing ring 94 is installed on the side wall of the plug 15; a sleeve 95 is connected to the side wall of the valve seat 18, the sleeve 95 corresponds to the sliding hole 20, and the diameter of the sleeve 95 is larger than the diameter of the sliding hole 20. An end cap 96 is threaded onto the sleeve 95. The technical problems that can be solved are: after sampling by the drill barrel 13, the soil easily slips out of the drill barrel 13, resulting in sample loss; it is difficult to stratify and cut off soil at different depths, which easily causes mixing of soil samples from different layers, affecting sampling accuracy. Movement Process: When the drill barrel 13 drills into the soil, the threaded groove 30 of the drill rod 29 assists the soil to enter the drill barrel 13, and the tip 32 breaks up hard soil. After sampling, air is injected into the drill rod 29 through the air supply channel 41. The gas pushes the valve rod 39 and the cone 34 downward, compressing the second spring 33. The sliding groove 35 of the cone 34 drives the ball head 38 of the inclined rod 37 to move, causing the inclined rod 37 to extend from the inclined hole 36 and cut off the soil in the drill barrel 13. After the air is released, the second spring 33 returns to its original position, and the cone 34 drives the inclined rod 37 back into the inclined hole 36, facilitating the next drilling of the drill barrel 13. Beneficial Effects: The extension and retraction of the inclined rod 37 achieves layered cutting of the soil, effectively preventing the mixing of soil samples from different depths and ensuring sampling accuracy. The cut soil is blocked by the inclined rod 37, preventing slippage and reducing sample loss. The retraction of the inclined rod 37 does not affect the normal drilling of the drill barrel 13, and the structural design is compact and reasonable.

[0036] like Figures 10-12As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the upper end of the second rotating shaft 7 is connected to a first clutch wheel 42, a second clutch wheel 43 is engaged with the first clutch wheel 42, a shaft cover 44 is slidably connected to the second clutch wheel 43, vertical rods 45 arranged at equal angles are connected to the inner side wall of the shaft cover 44, a limit plate 46 is slidably connected to the vertical rods 45, the top surface of the limit plate 46 is connected to the first rotating shaft 5, a blind hole 47 is opened in the center of the limit plate 46, an octagonal prism 48 is slidably connected in the blind hole 47, the lower end of the octagonal prism 48 is threadedly connected to the second clutch wheel 43, a third spring 49 is sleeved on the first rotating shaft 5, and the third spring 49 is located between the shaft cover 44 and the first bearing seat 2 in an elastic connection. The technical problem that can be solved is that when a drill barrel 13 encounters a hard obstacle such as a rock, the entire transmission system is easily damaged due to overload. Movement Process: During normal operation, the first clutch wheel 42 and the second clutch wheel 43 engage, and the first rotating shaft 5 transmits power to the second rotating shaft 7 through the clutch wheels. When a drill barrel 13 encounters resistance, the third rotating shaft 11 experiences increased force, causing it to move upwards. This compresses the third spring 49, causing the shaft cover 44 to move upwards. The vertical rod 45 slides relative to the limiting plate 46, and the octagonal prism 48, under the action of the thread, drives the second clutch wheel 43 upwards, disengaging the first clutch wheel 42 and the second clutch wheel 43 and cutting off the power transmission to that drill barrel 13. After the resistance disappears, the third spring 49 resets, the clutch wheels re-engage, and power transmission is restored. Beneficial Effects: Overload protection for the drill barrel 13 is achieved, preventing damage to the device caused by hard resistance; the automatic reset of the clutch structure ensures the continuity of the sampling process.

[0037] like Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown in the embodiment, as an optimization, a support frame 50 is bolted to the frame 1. The support frame 50 is U-shaped, and a lifting mechanism 51 is mounted on the top surface of the support frame 50. Two symmetrically arranged carrier plates 52 are connected to the fixed end of the lifting mechanism 51. The carrier plates 52 are triangular in shape, and an ear seat 53 is connected to the top surface of the carrier plates 52. A support rod 54 is rotatably connected to the ear seat 53. The support rod 54 is L-shaped, and the end of the support rod 54 is connected to a base plate 56 via a bracket 55. A tripod 5 is hinged to one end of the base plate 56. 7. A first connecting rod 58 is hinged to the tripod 57, and the free end of the first connecting rod 58 is hinged to the fixed end of the lifting mechanism 51. A second connecting rod 59 is hinged to the tripod 57, and a turnbuckle 60 is hinged to the second connecting rod 59. A through slot 61 is provided on the base plate 56 through which the turnbuckle 60 passes. A first telescopic rod 62 is hinged to the free end of the turnbuckle 60. When the first telescopic rod 62 is extended, the lifting mechanism 51 is in a vertical state, and the drill barrel 13 can carry out sampling operations. When the first telescopic rod 62 is retracted, the lifting mechanism 51 is in a folded and retracted state. Technical problems that can be solved: The device occupies a large space during transportation and storage, making it inconvenient to move; the lifting mechanism 51 is difficult to maintain a stable vertical state during operation, affecting sampling accuracy; the device has poor support stability during field operations. Movement Process: During operation, the first telescopic rod 62 extends, pushing the tripod 57 to unfold. The support rod 54 supports the base plate 56 through the lugs 53 and the brackets 55, ensuring the lifting mechanism 51 is in a vertical position. The length of the second connecting rod 59 is adjusted using the turnbuckle 60 to ensure stable support. During storage, the first telescopic rod 62 retracts, the tripod 57 folds, and the lifting mechanism 51 retracts along with the carrier plate 52 and the support rod 54, reducing space occupation. Beneficial Effects: The folding structure significantly reduces the space occupied during device transportation and storage, facilitating movement; the vertical stability of the lifting mechanism 51 improves sampling accuracy; the triangular carrier plate 52 and the adjustable support rod 54 enhance the device's support stability in complex terrain, adapting to different operating environments.

[0038] like Figure 15As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the lifting mechanism 51 includes a lifting rod 63 mounted on a support frame 50. The side wall of the lifting rod 63 has a toothed groove 64 and symmetrically arranged arc-shaped grooves 65. A guide tube 66 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped grooves 65. The guide tube 66 is connected to the carrier plate 52 as a fixed end. A support 67 is connected to the side wall of the guide tube 66. A first bearing seat 68 is mounted on the support 67. A worm gear 69 is rotatably connected to the first bearing seat 68. The worm gear 69 meshes with the toothed groove 64. A second bearing seat 70 is mounted on the support 67. A worm 71 is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat 70. The worm 71 is driven by a second motor 72 and is used to drive the worm gear 69 to rotate. The technical problems that can be solved are: the lifting process of the lifting mechanism 51 is unstable, the positioning accuracy is low, affecting the sampling depth control of the drill barrel 13; the lifting rod 63 is prone to displacement due to lateral force, leading to transmission jamming. Movement Process: The second motor 72 drives the worm gear 71 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm wheel 69 to rotate. The worm wheel 69 meshes with the tooth groove 64 of the lifting rod 63, thereby driving the lifting rod 63 to move up and down along the guide tube 66. The arc-shaped groove 65 on the side wall of the lifting rod 63 cooperates with the guide tube 66 to restrict the rotation of the lifting rod 63 and ensure the stability of the lifting direction. The first bearing seat 68 and the second bearing seat 70 on the support 67 provide stable support for the worm wheel 69 and the worm gear 71. Beneficial Effects: The worm wheel 69 and worm gear 71 transmission has self-locking properties, ensuring that the lifting rod 63 can stay stably at any position, improving the accuracy of sampling depth control. The cooperation between the arc-shaped groove 65 and the guide tube 66 prevents the lifting rod 63 from deviating, reduces transmission jamming, and makes the lifting process smooth. The structure is compact, the transmission efficiency is high, and it meets the power requirements of field operations. The second motor 72 is fixedly installed on the support 67 of the lifting mechanism 51 and is located on the side of the worm gear 71 away from the worm wheel 69.

[0039] like Figure 16 and Figure 17As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, it also includes a base 73 mounted on the vehicle body. The vehicle can be a pickup truck or a three-wheeled motorcycle. A first box 74 is mounted on the base 73. The bottom surface of the first box 74 has an opening 75 for the drill barrel 13 to extend and extract soil. The inner wall of the first box 74 is used to fix the base plate 56. The first box 74 has a first recess 76 for fixing the first telescopic rod 62. A second box 77 is hinged to the first box 74. The second box 77 is adapted to the first box 74, and the two are fastened together to form a receiving cavity 78 for receiving the drill barrel 13. The second box 77 has a second recess 79 on its upper surface. The length of the second recess 79 is less than the length of the first recess 76. A hinge seat 80 is installed inside the opening 76. A second telescopic rod 81 is hinged to the hinge seat 80. A bending rod 82 is hinged to the piston end of the second telescopic rod 81. The bent section of the bending rod 82 is rotatably connected to a first shaft 83, which is connected to the first recess 76. A third connecting rod 84 is hinged to the free end of the bending rod 82. A second shaft 85 is rotatably connected to the free end of the third connecting rod 84, which is connected to the second recess 79. When the second telescopic rod 81 extends, the second box 77 engages with the first box 74. When the second telescopic rod 81 retracts, the second box 77 opens. The second box 77 and the first box 74 can serve as a rainproof device for the drill barrel 13, making it more suitable for field operations. Technical problems solved: During field operations, the drill barrel 13 is exposed to the elements and is susceptible to rain erosion, affecting its service life; the drill barrel 13 is prone to shaking and collisions during movement. Movement Process: During operation, the second telescopic rod 81 retracts, causing the bending rod 82 to rotate around the first shaft 83. The third connecting rod 84 pulls the second shaft 85, causing the second housing 77 to open around the hinge, and the drill barrel 13 extends out from the opening 75 on the bottom surface of the first housing 74. After the operation is completed, the second telescopic rod 81 extends, pushing the bending rod 82 and the third connecting rod 84, causing the second housing 77 to snap into place with the first housing 74, forming a receiving cavity 78 to house the drill barrel 13. The first recess 76 and the second recess 79 limit the movement of related components. Beneficial Effects: After the housing snaps in place, it provides rain protection, preventing the drill barrel 13 from being corroded by rainwater and extending its service life. The receiving cavity 78 provides storage protection for the drill barrel 13, preventing damage from debris and collisions during movement. The structural design is adapted to the field operation environment, improving the durability of the device.

[0040] like Figures 18-20As shown, as an optimization of the embodiment, the first box 74 is equipped with symmetrically arranged third bearing seats 86. Two third bearing seats 86 form a group, and the two groups of third bearing seats 86 are symmetrically arranged. Each group of third bearing seats 86 is rotatably connected to a flap 87. The flap 87 is used to control the opening and closing of the opening 75. A fourth connecting rod 88 is hinged to the flap 87. The free ends of the two fourth connecting rods 88 are hinged to a third shaft 89. A slider 90 is connected to the third shaft 89. A guide rail 91 is slidably connected to the slider 90. The guide rail 91 is connected to the first box 74. The slider 90 moves vertically along the guide rail 91. A fifth connecting rod 92 is hinged to the third shaft 89. A sixth connecting rod 97 is hinged to the free end of the fifth connecting rod 92. A third motor 93 is hinged to the free end of the sixth connecting rod 97. The third motor 93 is fixed to the first box 74. Technical problems solved: When sampling is not being performed, dust, stones, and other debris can easily enter through the opening 75 on the bottom surface of the first housing 74, contaminating or damaging the drill barrel 13. Movement process: When sampling is required, the third motor 93 drives the sixth link 97, which in turn drives the fifth link 92 to push the third shaft 89, causing the slider 90 to move downwards along the guide rail 91. The fourth link 88 pushes the flap 87 to rotate around the third bearing seat 86, opening the opening 75. After sampling is completed, the third motor 93 reverses its direction, causing the slider 90 to move upwards. The flap 87, pulled by the fourth link 88, closes the opening 75, blocking debris. Beneficial effects: The flap 87 effectively prevents debris from entering the housing, protecting the drill barrel 13 from contamination and damage; the automatic opening and closing of the opening 75 via motor drive is convenient and improves operational efficiency; the structure is stable and adaptable to the needs of complex field environments.

[0041] Three independent photovoltaic power station sites, each 100m x 100m in size and with essentially identical site conditions, were selected as the research subjects. The perimeter wall of each power station site was evenly divided into five parts, resulting in 25 quadrats (20m x 20m) within the power station. Soil samples were collected from the quadrats along the diagonal of the site, totaling 13 quadrats within the site. Outside the site, 56 quadrats were established every 50m along the diagonal and center lines, extending 300m away from the site. Sixteen quadrats with a radius of 200m from the site center were used as control quadrats. Each quadrat contained at least three sampling points, and each sampling point was divided into at least three layers (0-10cm, 10-20cm, 20-30cm), with at least three replicates per layer. The soil samples were subjected to soil physicochemical property testing annually. The main detection factors include: soil microorganisms, soil moisture content, soil particle size, soil porosity, soil bulk density, soil pH, soil organic matter content, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium. Based on the soil evaluation index system, multiple comparisons were made of the differences in soil physicochemical properties between different years of plant construction and inside and outside the plant area.

[0042] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art can still make and modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic field areas, characterized in that, Includes a frame (1), on which are mounted a first bearing seat (2), a second bearing seat (3), and a third bearing seat (4) arranged from top to bottom. A first rotating shaft (5) is rotatably connected to the first bearing seat (2), and the first rotating shaft (5) is connected to a first motor (6) via belt drive. A second rotating shaft (7) is provided at the lower end of the first rotating shaft (5), and the second rotating shaft (7) is rotatably connected to the second bearing seat (3). A first eccentric shaft (8) is connected to the lower end of the second rotating shaft (7), and a cross-shaped frame (9) is rotatably connected to the first eccentric shaft (8). The four branches of the cross-shaped frame (9) are rotatably connected to the second eccentric shaft (10). The rotation of the second eccentric shaft (10) is synchronized. A third rotating shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the second eccentric shaft (10). The third rotating shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the third bearing seat (4), and the third rotating shaft (11) is located on the plane of the four quadrant axes of the third bearing seat (4). The lower end of the third rotating shaft (11) is connected to the drill barrel (13) through the locking piece (12). The frame (1) is provided with a U-shaped support frame (50). A lifting mechanism (51) is installed on the top surface of the support frame (50). The fixed end of the lifting mechanism (51) is connected to two symmetrical triangular carrier plates (52). The top surface of the carrier plate (52) is connected to the ear seat (53). The ear seat (53) is rotatably connected to an L-shaped support. A support rod (54) is provided, and the end of the support rod (54) is connected to a base plate (56) via a bracket (55). A tripod (57) is hinged to one end of the base plate (56), and a first connecting rod (58) is hinged to the tripod (57). The free end of the first connecting rod (58) is hinged to the fixed end of the lifting mechanism (51). A second connecting rod (59) is also hinged to the tripod (57), and a turnbuckle (60) is hinged to the second connecting rod (59). The base plate (56) has a through slot (61) for the turnbuckle (60) to pass through. A first telescopic rod (62) is hinged to the free end of the turnbuckle (60).

2. The soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill barrel (13) has a barrel-shaped structure and an arc-shaped alloy head (14) arranged at equal angles at the lower end. The inner and outer walls of the alloy head (14) are flush with the inner and outer walls of the drill barrel (13), and a semi-circular groove is opened on the bottom surface. A plug (15) is connected to the top surface of the drill barrel (13). A hook-shaped annular groove (16) is opened on the side wall of the plug (15), and two symmetrical cut surfaces (17) are provided on the top surface. The cut surfaces (17) are connected to the annular groove (16).

3. The soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking component (12) includes a valve seat (18), the bottom surface of which is provided with a socket (19) adapted to the plug (15), and the side wall is provided with a sliding hole (20) communicating with the socket (19); a first clamp (21) and a second clamp (22) are slidably connected in the sliding hole (20), and a bolt hole (23) is provided in the center of both and a countersunk bolt (24) is installed to clamp the plug (15) and maintain a gap. A clamping groove (25) adapted to the cut surface (17) and the annular groove (16) is provided on the opposite surface, and two symmetrical first springs (26) are installed on the opposite surface; a guide groove (27) is provided on the upper side wall of the first clamp (21) and the second clamp (22), and a guide rod (28) fixed to the sliding hole (20) is slidably connected in the guide groove (27).

4. The soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drill barrel (13) has a drill rod (29) connected to its inner top surface. The drill rod (29) has a threaded groove (30) on its side wall and a cavity (31) at its lower end. A tip (32) is installed in the cavity (31). A second spring (33) is connected to the top surface of the tip (32). A truncated cone (34) with an upper diameter larger than its lower diameter is connected to the upper end of the second spring (33). An equal-angle sliding groove (35) is opened on the inclined surface of the truncated cone (34). An equidistant inclined hole (36) is opened on the side wall of the drill rod (29). The inclined direction of the inclined hole (36) is the same as that of the sliding groove (35). 35) Conversely, a slidable rod (37) initially hidden is slidably connected inside the inclined hole (36), and a ball head (38) adapted to the slide groove (35) is connected to the upper end of the slid rod (37); a valve stem (39) with a first sealing ring (40) is connected to the upper end of the cone (34), and an air supply channel (41) is opened in the center of the drill rod (29). The valve stem (39) is slidably connected to the air supply channel (41), and the air supply channel (41) passes through the drill barrel (13), plug (15), valve seat (18), and third rotating shaft (11) in sequence.

5. The soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plug (15) has a second sealing ring (94) on its side wall; the valve seat (18) has a sleeve (95) on its side wall, the sleeve (95) corresponds to the sliding hole (20), and the diameter of the sleeve (95) is larger than the diameter of the sliding hole (20). The sleeve (95) is threaded with an end cap (96).

6. The soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the second rotating shaft (7) is connected to a first clutch wheel (42), the first clutch wheel (42) meshes with a second clutch wheel (43), and the second clutch wheel (43) is slidably connected to a shaft cover (44); the inner side wall of the shaft cover (44) is connected to an equal-angle vertical rod (45), the vertical rod (45) is slidably connected to a limit plate (46), the top surface of the limit plate (46) is connected to the first rotating shaft (5), a blind hole (47) is opened in the center of the limit plate (46), and an octagonal prism (48) whose lower end is threadedly connected to the second clutch wheel (43) is slidably connected in the blind hole (47); a third spring (49) is sleeved on the first rotating shaft (5), and the third spring (49) is located in the gap between the shaft cover (44) and the first bearing seat (2).

7. The soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (51) includes a lifting rod (63) mounted on a support frame (50). The side wall of the lifting rod (63) has a toothed groove (64) and a symmetrical arc-shaped groove (65). The arc-shaped groove (65) is slidably connected to a guide tube (66) that is connected to the carrier plate (52) as a fixed end. The side wall of the guide tube (66) is connected to a support (67). The support (67) is equipped with a first bearing seat (68) and a second bearing seat (70). The first bearing seat (68) is rotatably connected to a worm gear (69) that meshes with the toothed groove (64). The second bearing seat (70) is rotatably connected to a worm (71) driven by a second motor (72). The worm (71) is used to drive the worm gear (69) to rotate.

8. The soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a base (73) installed on the carriage, on which a first box (74) is mounted. The bottom surface of the first box (74) has an opening (75) for the drill barrel (13) to extend out, and the inner wall is used to fix the base plate (56). The first box (74) is provided with a first recess (76) for fixing the first telescopic rod (62). The first box (74) is hinged to a second box (77) by a hinge. The two are adapted and fastened to form a receiving cavity (78) for storing the drill barrel (13). The second box (77) is provided with a long A second recess (79) with a smaller diameter than the first recess (76); a hinge seat (80) is installed in the first recess (76), a second telescopic rod (81) is hinged to the hinge seat (80), a bending rod (82) is hinged to the piston end of the second telescopic rod (81), a first shaft (83) connected to the first recess (76) is rotatably connected to the bent section of the bending rod (82), a third connecting rod (84) is hinged to the free end, and a second shaft (85) connected to the second recess (79) is rotatably connected to the free end of the third connecting rod (84).

9. The soil stratification sampling device for photovoltaic fields according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first box (74) is equipped with symmetrically arranged third bearing seats (86), two in a group, and each group of third bearing seats (86) is rotatably connected to a flap (87) for controlling the opening (75) switch; the flap (87) is hinged to a fourth link (88), the free ends of the two fourth links (88) are hinged to a third shaft (89), the third shaft (89) is connected to a slider (90), the slider (90) is slidably connected to a guide rail (91) connected to the first box (74) and moves vertically along it; the third shaft (89) is also hinged to a fifth link (92), the free end of the fifth link (92) is hinged to a sixth link (97), the free end of the sixth link (97) is hinged to a third motor (93) fixed to the first box (74).

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