Depth-measurable water quality sampling unmanned aerial vehicle and sampling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a depth-measurable water quality sampling unmanned aerial vehicle and a sampling method, the depth-measurable water quality sampling unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a vehicle body and a sampling device, the vehicle body comprises a suspension, the sampling device is fixedly mounted on the suspension, the sampling device comprises a mounting rack, a driving device, a sampling assembly and a meter counting assembly, and the driving device is mounted on the mounting rack; the driving device comprises a rotatable winch and a retractable rope, the rope is connected with the sampling assembly, the meter counting assembly is located between the driving device and the sampling assembly, the meter counting assembly comprises a meter counting wheel, the meter counting wheel can rotate along with retraction of the rope, the sampling assembly comprises a sampler, and the sampler comprises a plurality of sampling containers. When the sampling assembly reaches different depths of a water body, the sampling container correspondingly collects water samples at different depths, the sampling assembly is put into water to sink to measure the depth of a point position, then the water samples at different depth positions are collected by pulling back, multiple water samples can be collected at a time, the sampling efficiency is higher, and the function is more complete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) water sampling technology, and more specifically, to a deep-water quality sampling UAV and sampling method. Background Technology

[0002] Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) water quality monitoring offers high mobility and flexibility, serving as an important supplement to traditional vehicle-mounted manual sampling and a crucial component of future modern environmental monitoring systems. According to my country's "Technical Specification for Surface Water Environmental Quality Monitoring" (GB91.2-2022), surface water environmental monitoring requires prior measurement of the water body's cross-sectional depth and selection of specific sampling points based on that depth to ensure the representativeness, accuracy, and comparability of the monitoring results.

[0003] While existing drone-based water sampling technology can achieve sampling at a fixed depth, it has shortcomings compared to the requirements of the "Technical Specification for Monitoring Surface Water Environmental Quality": due to the lack of corresponding measuring tools, currently available sampling drones are unable to determine the water depth, thus making it impossible to determine the number of sampling points on the vertical line of the water body cross-section. They can only roughly sample at a depth of 0.5m below the water surface, and cannot accurately sample at a depth of 0.5m above the bottom or at the middle 1 / 2 water depth. Therefore, a technical solution is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, enabling the collection of multiple water samples at once, resulting in higher sampling efficiency and more complete functions, and providing a deep-water quality sampling drone and sampling method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention discloses a deep-water quality sampling drone and sampling method, comprising a body and a sampling device. The body includes a suspension, and the sampling device is fixedly installed on the suspension. The sampling device includes a mounting frame, a drive device, a sampling component, and a metering component. The drive device is installed on the mounting frame and includes a rotatable winch and a retractable rope. The rope connects to the sampling component. The metering component is located between the drive device and the sampling component and includes a metering wheel that rotates as the rope is retracted. The sampling component includes a sampler, which includes multiple sampling containers. When the sampling component reaches different depths in the water, the sampling containers collect water samples at corresponding depths.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving device includes a motor, the mounting frame includes a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, two winches are provided, the two winches are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and two ropes are provided correspondingly, the two ropes are symmetrically connected to both sides of the sampling component.

[0008] Furthermore, the mounting frame includes a mounting rod and a horizontal plate, the meter counting component is mounted on the mounting rod, two horizontal plates are provided, the meter counting component is located between the two horizontal plates, the rope passes through the horizontal plate, and the meter counting wheel tensions the rope.

[0009] Furthermore, the horizontal plate is equipped with a guide, the guide includes a guide hole through which the rope passes. The guide hole includes an inner end and an outer end, the inner end is located in the middle of the guide hole, the diameter of the inner end gradually increases towards the two outer ends, and the inner wall of the guide hole is an arc surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the sampling component includes a counterweight and a mounting base. The counterweight is installed at the lower end of the mounting base, and the sampler is installed on the side of the mounting base away from the counterweight. A support tube is installed on the side wall of the mounting base, and the rope passes through and is fixedly connected to the support tube. The end of the support tube away from the mounting base extends upward.

[0011] Furthermore, the counterweight is slidably mounted on the mounting base. The counterweight includes a limiting groove, and the mounting base is partially located within the limiting groove. The mounting base includes a limiting plate, which can slide axially along the limiting groove. The mounting base is provided with a mounting hole, and the sampler is partially located within the mounting hole. The sampler includes a guide block and a trigger switch. The guide block is held against the counterweight by a spring, and the trigger switch is located on the side of the guide block away from the counterweight.

[0012] Furthermore, a gap is formed between the counterweight and the mounting base. The counterweight includes a ring plate, and the outer wall of the mounting base is provided with a ring groove corresponding to the ring plate. The ring plate covers the gap.

[0013] Furthermore, the sampler includes a base, an air pump, and multiple valves. The base is fixedly installed on the mounting base. The base has multiple air passages that connect the sampling container and the air pump. The valves can block the air passages. A piston is installed inside the sampling container. The sampling container includes a water inlet and a connection port. The water inlet is located at the upper end of the sampling container, and the connection port is located at the lower end of the sampling container. The connection port communicates with the air passages.

[0014] Furthermore, the sampling component includes a mesh cover, which is fixedly installed on the mounting base. The mesh cover is located on the side of the mounting base away from the counterweight and is located outside the sampler.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a sampling method based on the above-mentioned deep-water quality sampling UAV, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: Start the drone, control the drone to fly above the collection point, drive the drive device to deploy the sampling component, and record the length of the rope released after the sampling component is immersed in water.

[0017] S2: When the sampling component reaches the bottom of the water area, the counterweight touches the bottom and triggers the trigger switch, the drive device stops, the length of the rope released is recorded, and the sampling water level depth is calculated;

[0018] S3: The drive unit retracts and pulls back the sampling component, pulling it back to the corresponding sampling height for sampling through the sampler. The sampling container draws in water samples at the corresponding depth by discharging air.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] 1. This invention calculates the depth of a sampling point by submerging the sampling component in water and then pulling it back to collect water samples at different depths. This allows for the collection of multiple water samples at once, resulting in higher sampling efficiency and more complete functionality.

[0021] 2. The sampling component of the present invention consists of a counterweight, a mesh cover, a mounting base, and a sampler. The conical counterweight of the sampling component allows the sampling component to be better immersed in water and sink to the bottom, reducing the influence of water resistance. The weight of the counterweight is greater than the weight of the sampler after sampling, which can prevent the sampling component from tilting or shifting in the water. The mesh cover protects the sampler and prevents large impurities from clogging the sampling container, thus being able to cope with complex underwater conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a sampling device in this embodiment.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the sampling device in this embodiment.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the sampling component in this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the sampler in this embodiment.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1. Body; 11. Suspension; 2. Sampling device; 21. Mounting bracket; 211. Rotating shaft; 212. Mounting rod; 213. Horizontal plate; 22. Drive device; 221. Motor; 222. Winch; 223. Rope; 23. Sampling assembly; 231. Counterweight; 2311. First half; 2312. Second half; 2313. Limiting groove; 2314. Ring plate; 232. Net cover; 233. Mounting base; 2331. Support tube; 2332. Ring groove; 2333. Limiting plate; 2334. Mounting hole; 23 4. Sampler; 2341. Base; 23411. Guide groove; 23412. Air passage; 23413. Connection port; 2342. Guide block; 2343. Air pump; 2344. Valve; 23441. Plug; 2345. Sampling container; 23451. Water inlet; 23452. Connection port; 2346. Piston; 2347. Trigger switch; 235. Gap; 24. Metering assembly; 241. Metering wheel; 25. Component box; 26. Guide; 261. Guide hole; 2611. Inner end; 2612. Outer end. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in this embodiment will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, this embodiment discloses a deep-water quality sampling drone for water quality sampling in rivers, lakes, canals, and reservoirs. It includes a body 1 and a sampling device 2. The body 1 includes a suspension 11. The body 1 is a wired power supply drone, reducing the weight of the battery and ensuring stable power supply for sampling. The sampling device 2 is fixedly mounted on the suspension 11. The sampling device 2 includes a mounting frame 21, a drive device 22, a sampling component 23, a metering component 24, and a component box 25. The mounting frame 21 is fixedly mounted on the suspension 11, and the drive device 22 is mounted on the mounting frame 21. The drive device 22 includes a motor 221, a winch 222, and a rope 223. The frame 21 includes a rotating shaft 211, which is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 21. A motor 221 is connected to a reducer to drive the rotating shaft 211 to rotate. Two winches 222 are provided, which are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 211 and arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 211. Two ropes 223 are provided, with one rope 223 wound around one winch 222. The two ropes 223 are symmetrically connected to both sides of the sampling component 23. The component box 25 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 21. The rope 223 includes a power line and a signal line. One end of the rope 223 is electrically connected to the component box 25, and the other end of the rope 223 is connected to the sampling component 23.

[0033] The sampling assembly 23 includes a counterweight 231, a mesh cover 232, a mounting base 233, a sampler 234, and multiple sampling containers 2345. The counterweight 231 is installed at the lower end of the mounting base 233, and the sampler 234 is installed on the side of the mounting base 233 away from the counterweight 231. A support tube 2331 is installed on the side wall of the mounting base 233. A rope 223 passes through and is fixedly connected to the support tube 2331. The end of the support tube 2331 away from the mounting base 233 extends upward. The support tube 2331 protects the connection of the rope 223 and guides the rope 223 upward. The end of the rope 223 that extends into the mounting base 233 is provided with a waterproof connector. After the sampler 234 is fixed on the mounting base 233, it is connected to the rope 223 through the waterproof connector.

[0034] The metering assembly 24 is located between the drive device 22 and the sampling assembly 23. The metering assembly 24 includes a metering wheel 241. The mounting frame 21 includes a mounting rod 212 and a cross plate 213. The metering assembly 24 is mounted on the mounting rod 212. There are two cross plates 213. The metering assembly 24 is located between the two cross plates 213. The rope 223 passes through the cross plate 213. The metering wheel 241 tensions the rope 223. The metering wheel 241 can rotate as the rope 223 is released and wound. Due to the weight of the sampling assembly 23, it can fall on its own when the winch 222 is unwinding, thereby tensioning the rope 223. The angle of the rope 223 contacting the metering wheel 241 is greater than 120°, ensuring that the rope 223 can drive the metering wheel 241 to rotate when it is released and wound. The peripheral wall of the metering wheel 241 adopts a circular groove structure, so that the rope 223 can be embedded in the outer wall of the metering wheel 241, preventing the rope 223 from coming out.

[0035] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a guide 26 is installed on the horizontal plate 213. The guide 26 includes a guide hole 261 through which the rope 223 passes. The guide hole 261 includes an inner end 2611 and an outer end 2612. The inner end 2611 is located in the middle of the guide hole 261, and the diameter of the inner end 2611 gradually increases towards the two outer ends 2612. The inner wall of the guide hole 261 is an arc surface. The two guides 26 arranged vertically above and below the rope 223 can guide the rope 223. The guide 26 at the upper end will... The rope 223 of the winch 222 is guided to the measuring wheel 241. The guide 26 located below guides the rope 223 that has passed through the measuring wheel 241 downwards. The guide 26 is made of metal with a smooth inner wall. The outer wall of the rope 223 is covered with nylon material. The diameter of the inner end 2611 is slightly larger than that of the rope 223. The arc-shaped inner wall can prevent the rope 223 from having right-angle friction due to the offset tension of the measuring wheel 241, reduce the wear of the rope 223, and make the rope 223 smoother when it is wound up and down through the guide 26.

[0036] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the counterweight 231 is installed at the lower end of the mounting base 233. The counterweight 231 is a conical structure with a diameter that gradually decreases downwards, which can break the water flow and make the sampling component 23 sink more stably when it sinks. The counterweight 231 is composed of a first half 2311 and a second half 2312. The first half 2311 and the second half 2312 are two pieces that are fixedly connected by screws, which facilitates the connection between the counterweight 231 and the mounting base 233. The weight of the counterweight 231 is greater than the weight of the mounting base 233 plus the sampler 234 after sampling and the mesh cover 232, so that the counterweight 231 can always be kept at the bottom. When the sampling container 2345 of the sampler 234 is empty, there is air, which can keep the entire sampling component 23 vertical during the immersion process and prevent the sampling component 23 from tilting and causing the two ropes 223 to become entangled.

[0037] The counterweight 231 is slidably mounted on the mounting base 233. The counterweight 231 includes a limiting groove 2313. Part of the mounting base 233 is located within the limiting groove 2313. The mounting base 233 includes a limiting plate 2333, which can slide axially along the limiting groove 2313. The mounting base 233 is provided with a mounting hole 2334. Part of the sampler 234 is located within the mounting hole 2334. The sampler 234 includes a guide block 2342 and a trigger switch 2347. The guide block 2342 is held against the counterweight 231 by a spring. The guide block 2342 is installed within the guide groove 23411 of the base 2341. The outer wall of the guide block 2342 is provided with a sealing ring, so that the guide block 2342 and the guide groove 23411 are connected in a sealed sliding connection. The trigger switch 2347 is located on the side of the guide block 2342 away from the counterweight 231. Under normal conditions, a gap 235 is formed between the counterweight 231 and the mounting base 233. When the sampling component 23 continues to sink to the bottom of the water, the counterweight 231 is blocked by the bottom of the water. Due to inertia, the gap 235 between the counterweight 231 and the mounting base 233 becomes smaller. The guide block 2342 contacts the trigger switch 2347, indicating that the sampling component 23 has reached the bottom of the water, and the drive device 22 stops.

[0038] The counterweight 231 includes a ring plate 2314. The outer wall of the mounting base 233 is provided with a ring groove 2332 corresponding to the ring plate 2314. The ring plate 2314 blocks the gap 235. The ring plate 2314 can prevent impurities in the water from entering the gap 235 and prevent interference from the impact triggering of the counterweight 231.

[0039] The sampler 234 is installed on the side of the mounting base 233 away from the counterweight 231. The sampler 234 includes a base 2341, an air pump 2343, and multiple valves 2344. The base 2341 is fixedly installed on the mounting base 233 by threads, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection. The base 2341 has multiple air passages 23412, each of which is connected to the air pump 2343. The air passages 23412 connect the sampling container 2345 and the air pump 2343. The valves 2344 can block the air passages 23412. A piston 2346 is installed inside the sampling container 2345. The sampling container 2345 includes an inlet 23451 and a connection port 23452. The inlet 23451 is located at the upper end of the sampling container 2345, and the connection port 23452 is located at the lower end of the sampling container. At the lower end of 2345, the connection port 23452 connects to the air passage 23412. The sampling container 2345 and the base 2341 are connected by threads. The base 2341 is provided with a connection port 23413. The connection port 23413 and the connection port 23452 are sealed together. The sampler 234 includes a valve 2344 that drives the plug 23441 to leave the air passage 23412 when the sampling component 23 reaches different depths in the water, so that the corresponding sampling container 2345 is connected to the air pump 2343. The air pump 2343 exhausts the air in the space below the piston 2346 of the sampling container 2345. The water inlet 23451 at the upper end of the sampling container 2345 draws water to complete the water sample collection. The sampling container 2345 collects water samples at different depths.

[0040] The sampling component 23 includes a mesh cover 232, which is fixedly installed on the mounting base 233. The mesh cover 232 is located on the side of the mounting base 233 away from the counterweight 231. The mesh cover 232 is located outside the sampler 234. The mesh cover 232 has good water permeability and can isolate impurities in the water, preventing impurities in the water from clogging the inlet 23451 of the sampling container 2345.

[0041] A sampling method, based on the aforementioned deep-water quality sampling UAV, includes the following steps:

[0042] S1: Start the drone, control the drone to fly above the collection point and hover. The drive device 22 of the sampling device 2 drives the deployment of the sampling component 23. The sampling component 23 falls down through the telescopic unwinding mechanism. A water immersion sensor is installed inside the sampling component 23. After the sampling component 23 is immersed in water, the length of the rope 223 is recorded. The length of the rope 223 at this time is marked as L0.

[0043] S2: When the sampling component 23 reaches the bottom of the water area, the counterweight 231 touches the bottom and triggers the trigger switch 2347, the drive device 22 stops, the length of the rope 223 released is recorded as L1, and the sampling water level depth is calculated as L2=L1-L0.

[0044] S3: The drive device 22 retracts the telescopic sampling component 23 and pulls it back to the corresponding sampling height. The sampler 234 performs sampling, and the sampling container 2345 draws in water samples at the corresponding depth by discharging air. The first sampling is performed at a height of L1-0.5m, the second sampling is performed at a height of L1-L2 / 2, and the third sampling is performed at a height of L0+0.5m.

[0045] After all sampling is completed, the sampling component 23 is retrieved, the body 1 returns and the mesh cover 232 is removed, and the sampled water sample is taken out, completing the entire sampling process. Multiple water samples can be collected at once, making the sampling efficiency higher and the function more complete.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-water quality sampling drone, characterized in that, The device includes a body (1) and a sampling device (2). The body (1) includes a suspension (11), and the sampling device (2) is fixedly installed on the suspension (11). The sampling device (2) includes a mounting frame (21), a drive device (22), a sampling assembly (23), and a metering assembly (24). The drive device (22) is installed on the mounting frame (21) and includes a rotatable winch (222) and a retractable rope (223). The rope (223) is connected to the sampling assembly. (23) The metering component (24) is located between the driving device (22) and the sampling component (23). The metering component (24) includes a metering wheel (241), which can rotate as the rope (223) is extended and retracted. The sampling component (23) includes a sampler (234), which includes multiple sampling containers (2345). When the sampling component (23) reaches different depths of the water body, the sampling containers (2345) collect water samples at different depths.

2. The deep-water quality sampling drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device (22) includes a motor (221), the mounting frame (21) includes a rotating shaft (211), the rotating shaft (211) is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (21), the motor (221) drives the rotating shaft (211) to rotate, there are two winches (222), the two winches (222) are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (211), and there are two ropes (223) corresponding to each other, the two ropes (223) are symmetrically connected to both sides of the sampling component (23).

3. The deep-water quality sampling drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting frame (21) includes a mounting rod (212) and a cross plate (213). The meter counting component (24) is mounted on the mounting rod (212). There are two cross plates (213). The meter counting component (24) is located between the two cross plates (213). The rope (223) passes through the cross plate (213). The meter counting wheel (241) tensions the rope (223).

4. The deep-water quality sampling drone according to claim 3, characterized in that, The horizontal plate (213) is equipped with a guide (26), the guide (26) includes a guide hole (261), the rope (223) passes through the guide hole (261), the guide hole (261) includes an inner end (2611) and an outer end (2612), the inner end (2611) is located in the middle of the guide hole (261), the diameter of the inner end (2611) gradually increases towards the two outer ends (2612), and the inner wall of the guide hole (261) is an arc surface.

5. The deep-water quality sampling drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling component (23) includes a counterweight (231) and a mounting base (233). The counterweight (231) is installed at the lower end of the mounting base (233). The sampler (234) is installed on the side of the mounting base (233) away from the counterweight (231). A support tube (2331) is installed on the side wall of the mounting base (233). The rope (223) passes through and is fixedly connected to the support tube (2331). The end of the support tube (2331) away from the mounting base (233) extends upward.

6. The deep-water quality sampling drone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The counterweight (231) is slidably mounted on the mounting base (233). The counterweight (231) includes a limiting groove (2313). The mounting base (233) is partially located within the limiting groove (2313). The mounting base (233) includes a limiting plate (2333). The limiting plate (2333) is slidable along the axial direction of the limiting groove (2313). The mounting base (233) is provided with a mounting hole (2334). The sampler (234) is partially located within the mounting hole (2334). The sampler (234) includes a guide block (2342) and a trigger switch (2347). The guide block (2342) is held against the counterweight (231) by a spring. The trigger switch (2347) is located on the side of the guide block (2342) away from the counterweight (231).

7. The deep-water quality sampling drone according to claim 6, characterized in that, A gap (235) is formed between the counterweight (231) and the mounting base (233). The counterweight (231) includes an annular plate (2314). The outer wall of the mounting base (233) is provided with an annular groove (2332) corresponding to the annular plate (2314). The annular plate (2314) covers the gap (235).

8. The deep-water quality sampling drone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sampler (234) includes a base (2341), an air pump (2343), and multiple valves (2344). The base (2341) is fixedly installed on the mounting base (233). The base (2341) is provided with multiple air passages (23412). The air passages (23412) connect the sampling container (2345) and the air pump (2343). The valves (2344) can block the air passages (23412). A piston (2346) is installed inside the sampling container (2345). The sampling container (2345) includes an inlet (23451) and a connection port (23452). The inlet (23451) is located at the upper end of the sampling container (2345), and the connection port (23452) is located at the lower end of the sampling container (2345). The connection port (23452) communicates with the air passages (23412).

9. The deep-water quality sampling drone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sampling component (23) includes a mesh cover (232), which is fixedly installed on the mounting base (233). The mesh cover (232) is located on the side of the mounting base (233) away from the counterweight (231) and is located outside the sampler (234).

10. A sampling method, based on the deep-water quality sampling UAV according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Start the drone, control the drone to fly above the collection point, drive the drive device (22) to drive the deployment of the sampling component (23), and record the length of the rope (223) after the sampling component (23) is immersed in water; S2: When the sampling component (23) reaches the bottom of the water area, the counterweight (231) touches the bottom and triggers the trigger switch (2347), the drive device (22) stops, the length of the rope (223) released is recorded, and the sampling water level depth is calculated; S3: The drive device (22) retracts the telescopic sampling component (23) and pulls it back to the corresponding sampling height to sample through the sampler (234). The sampling container (2345) draws in water samples at the corresponding depth by exhausting air.

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