Superconducting wire performance detection equipment and system

Abstract

The invention provides superconducting wire performance detection equipment and a superconducting wire performance detection system, and relates to the field of superconducting wire detection, the superconducting wire performance detection system comprises detection equipment and a monitoring terminal, the detection equipment comprises a detection container and a temperature detection device, the detection container forms a plurality of shielding layers, an inner shielding layer in the plurality of shielding layers is used for accommodating a superconducting wire, and an outer shielding layer in the plurality of shielding layers is used for accommodating the superconducting wire; a low-temperature magnetic field environment suitable for detecting the performance of the superconducting wire is established in the inner shielding layer, the temperature detection device comprises a plurality of sensor units, the sensor units are distributed in different areas and generate temperature detection signals, and the monitoring terminal is used for determining the temperature change gradient of the superconducting wire in different directions. Cold conduction path parameters of the superconducting wire are obtained according to the temperature change gradient in combination with a gradient entropy optimization algorithm, and the monitoring terminal determines critical current flowing through the superconducting wire according to the cold conduction path parameters. Through the arrangement, the cost for detecting the cold conduction performance and the thermal stability of the superconducting wire and the cold shielding effectiveness of the magnet is reduced, and the risk of damage to the superconducting magnet is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of superconducting wire testing, and in particular to a superconducting wire performance testing device and system. Background Technology

[0002] A superconducting magnet is a strong magnetic field device made using the zero-resistance property of superconducting materials. Its core structure consists of a superconducting wire made of superconducting material and a magnet body that houses the superconducting wire. For a superconducting wire to maintain its superconducting state, three conditions must be met: temperature, current, and magnetic field. During the operation of the superconducting magnet, these three conditions will change accordingly. If any one of these conditions is not met, the superconducting wire will lose its superconductivity, leading to damage to the superconducting magnet.

[0003] If the superconducting wire is to be tested to verify its thermal conductivity, thermal stability and the cold shielding effectiveness of the magnet, the superconducting wire needs to be disassembled from the superconducting magnet. Since the superconducting magnet adopts a vacuum-insulated and encapsulated structure, the disassembly of the encapsulated superconducting magnet is extremely difficult, resulting in high costs for each test. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a superconducting wire performance testing device and system, which can reduce the cost of testing the cold conductivity, thermal stability and cold shielding effectiveness of superconducting wires, and reduce the risk of damage to superconducting magnets.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a superconducting wire performance testing system, which includes a testing device and a monitoring terminal connected to the testing device. The testing device includes a testing container and a temperature detection device. The testing container is used to establish a vacuum testing environment and forms several shielding layers that are isolated from each other from the inside out to isolate external magnetic fields and external heat. The inner shielding layer is used to house the superconducting wire, and a low-temperature magnetic field environment suitable for testing the performance of the superconducting wire is established in the inner shielding layer. The temperature detection device includes several sensor units distributed in different regions of the inner shielding layer and generates temperature detection signals according to the temperature of the corresponding regions. The monitoring terminal is used to determine the temperature change gradient of the superconducting wire in different directions based on the temperature detection signals, and obtain the cooling path parameters of the superconducting wire based on the temperature change gradient and the gradient entropy optimization algorithm. The monitoring terminal determines the critical current flowing through the superconducting wire based on the cooling path parameters.

[0006] In some embodiments, the monitoring terminal is used to determine the region with the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer based on the temperature detection signal, so as to determine the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer; the monitoring terminal determines the current state of the superconducting wire based on the ratio of the highest temperature to the critical temperature of the superconducting wire, and triggers the corresponding emergency protection mechanism based on the current state.

[0007] In some embodiments, if the ratio is greater than a first preset threshold and not greater than a second preset threshold, the current state is an alarm state. In alarm state, the monitoring terminal determines the adjustment ratio of the current flowing through the superconducting wire based on a pre-established current adjustment algorithm. The monitoring terminal determines the adjustment ratio by adjusting the adjustment factor in the current adjustment algorithm. The value of the adjustment factor is directly proportional to a reference threshold. The reference threshold is the difference between the product of a second preset threshold and the critical temperature and the highest temperature.

[0008] In some embodiments, the current regulation algorithm adjusts the current output from the monitoring terminal to the superconducting wire based on a preset current change rate, wherein the current change rate satisfies the following relationship: 0.01 A / s ≤ di / dt ≤ 0.05 A / s; Where i represents the current flowing through the superconducting wire, and t represents the unit time.

[0009] In some embodiments, if the ratio is greater than a second preset threshold, the current state is a failover state; in the failover state, the monitoring terminal triggers shutdown protection, which includes: The monitoring terminal locates the position with the highest heat flux density in the superconducting wire based on the cooling path parameters, and generates the corresponding hot spot coordinates based on that position. The temperature in the inner shielding layer is reduced by monitoring the terminal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the detection device further includes a temperature control device disposed in the inner shielding layer and connected to the monitoring terminal. The temperature control device is used to receive a temperature adjustment signal sent by the monitoring terminal to adjust the temperature in the inner shielding layer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the temperature control device includes a refrigerator, a temperature control component connected to the refrigerator, and a cold-conducting substrate connected to the temperature control component. The cold-conducting substrate extends along the height direction of the detection container, and multiple cold-conducting substrates are connected by a parallel assembly located below them, so that the multiple cold-conducting substrates are arranged in parallel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the detection device includes a magnetic field generator disposed in an inner shielding layer and connected to a monitoring terminal. The magnetic field generator is used to receive a magnetic field adjustment signal sent by the monitoring terminal to adjust the magnetic field strength in a low-temperature magnetic field environment. The monitoring terminal is also used to adjust the current output to the superconducting wire to determine the critical current of the superconducting wire under different magnetic field strengths and / or different winding methods.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cooling path parameters include at least one of contact thermal resistance, cooling efficiency, and heat source.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a superconducting wire performance testing device, which includes a testing container, a temperature detection device, and a temperature control device. The testing container is used to establish a vacuum testing environment. The testing container forms several shielding layers that are isolated from each other from the inside out to isolate external magnetic fields and external heat. The inner shielding layer is used to house the superconducting wire, and a low-temperature magnetic field environment suitable for testing the performance of the superconducting wire is established in the inner shielding layer. The temperature detection device includes several sensor units distributed in different areas of the inner shielding layer and generates a temperature detection signal based on the temperature of the corresponding area. The temperature detection signal is used to indicate the temperature change gradient of the superconducting wire in different directions. The temperature detection signal is also used to determine the area with the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer to determine the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer. The temperature control device is located in the inner shielding layer and adjusts the temperature in the inner shielding layer. The temperature control device is also used to receive a temperature adjustment signal sent by a monitoring terminal. The temperature adjustment signal is used to indicate the current state of the superconducting wire and control the temperature control device to execute an emergency protection mechanism corresponding to the current state. The current state is determined based on the ratio of the highest temperature to the critical temperature of the superconducting wire.

[0015] The superconducting wire performance testing system provided in this application houses the superconducting wire in a detachable testing container and simulates real working conditions. By monitoring the temperature of different regions of the superconducting wire and using a gradient entropy optimization algorithm based on the temperature change gradient of different regions, the system obtains the cooling path parameters and critical current of the superconducting wire. This enables the testing of the superconducting wire's cooling performance, thermal stability, and magnet cold shielding effectiveness. Based on the test results, the system corrects the superconducting wire, preventing it from losing its supercharger after installation on a superconducting magnet. This reduces the cost of testing the superconducting wire's cooling performance, thermal stability, and magnet cold shielding effectiveness, while also minimizing the risk of damage to the superconducting magnet. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the superconducting wire performance testing system in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a first schematic diagram of the superconducting wire performance testing device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the superconducting wire performance testing device in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of obtaining the cooling path parameters in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the emergency protection mechanism for the monitoring terminal in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a timing diagram of the superconducting wire performance testing method in the embodiments of this application.

[0017] Reference numerals: Superconducting wire performance testing system 100, testing equipment 11, testing container 111, shielding layer 1111, inner shielding layer 1111a, intermediate shielding layer 1111b, outer shielding layer 1111c, temperature detection device 112, sensor unit 1121, temperature control device 113, refrigerator 1131, temperature control component 1132, cooling substrate 1133, parallel cable assembly 1134, magnetic field generating device 114, monitoring terminal 12, superconducting wire 101. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "an" or "a" and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. "A plurality" or "several" indicates at least two. Unless otherwise stated, "below" and / or "above," and similar terms are for illustrative purposes only and are not limited to a location or spatial orientation. "Comprising" or "including," and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a superconducting wire performance testing system 100, which includes a testing device 11 and a monitoring terminal 12.

[0021] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the testing device 11 includes a testing container 111 and a temperature detection device 112. The testing container 111 is used to establish a vacuum testing environment. The testing container 111 forms several shielding layers 1111 that are isolated from each other from the inside out to isolate external magnetic fields and external heat. The inner shielding layer 1111a of the several shielding layers 1111 is used to house the superconducting wire 101, and a low-temperature magnetic field environment suitable for testing the performance of the superconducting wire 101 is established in the inner shielding layer 1111a. In some embodiments, the several shielding layers 1111 further include an intermediate shielding layer 1111b and an outer shielding layer 1111c. The inner shielding layer 1111a, the intermediate shielding layer 1111b, and the outer shielding layer 1111c are arranged from the inside out and are isolated from each other. The inner shielding layer 1111a is used to isolate air pressure and maintain a vacuum environment in the space formed by the inner shielding layer 1111a. The intermediate shielding layer 1111b is used to isolate temperature and maintain a low-temperature environment in the space formed by the intermediate shielding layer 1111b. The outer shielding layer 1111c is used to isolate the magnetic field and prevent magnetic leakage.

[0022] For example, the inner shielding layer 1111a can be configured as a magnetic shield yoke cylinder, the middle shielding layer 1111b can be configured as a multi-layer composite heat insulation body formed by an aluminum radiation screen and pre-tensioned aluminum foil, and the outer shielding layer 1111c can be configured as a stainless steel cylinder.

[0023] It should be noted that the intermediate shielding layer 1111b can be composed of at least one cylindrical body. By setting multiple mutually isolated cylindrical bodies, the heat insulation, magnetic shielding and heat preservation functions of the intermediate shielding layer 1111b can be guaranteed.

[0024] In other embodiments, the shielding layers 1111 include only an inner shielding layer 1111a and an outer shielding layer 1111c. The inner shielding layer 1111a is used to isolate air pressure and maintain a vacuum environment in the space formed by the inner shielding layer 1111a. The outer shielding layer 1111c is used to isolate temperature and magnetic field to maintain a low-temperature magnetic field environment in the space formed by the outer shielding layer 1111c.

[0025] In this implementation, the superconducting wire 101 is detachably connected to the detection container 111 so as to store the superconducting wire 101 in the detection container 111 or to detach the superconducting wire 101 from the detection container 111.

[0026] The temperature detection device 112 includes a plurality of sensor units 1121, which are distributed in different regions of the inner shielding layer 1111a and generate temperature detection signals according to the temperature of the corresponding region. For example, the sensor unit 1121 can be a platinum resistance temperature sensor, such as PT100, or a carbon resistance temperature sensor, such as CCS.

[0027] The monitoring terminal 12 is connected to the detection device 11. The monitoring terminal 12 is used to determine the temperature change gradient of the superconducting wire 101 in different directions based on the temperature detection signal, and to obtain the cooling path parameters of the superconducting wire 101 based on the temperature change gradient and the gradient entropy optimization algorithm. The monitoring terminal 12 determines the critical current flowing through the superconducting wire 101 based on the cooling path parameters.

[0028] To clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following are also provided: Figure 1 The vertical direction is shown. In the implementation of this application, the winding direction of the superconducting wire 101 is parallel to the horizontal plane. Since the temperature at the bend in the superconducting wire 101 is different from the temperature at the unbent part, the temperature at different bend angles of the superconducting wire 101 is also different. Therefore, the monitoring terminal 12 can determine the temperature change gradient of the superconducting wire 101 in two orthogonal directions perpendicular to the vertical direction based on the temperature detection signal.

[0029] It should be noted that the temperature, magnetic field strength, and current flowing through the superconducting wire 101 jointly determine the existence and stability of the superconducting state of the superconducting wire 101, and there is a correlation among the three. When the superconducting wire 101 is in the superconducting state, and the magnetic field strength and temperature are determined, the critical current that the superconducting wire can withstand can be calculated. If the temperature of the superconducting wire 101 exceeds the critical current, it will cause the superconducting wire 101 to lose its superconductivity.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, to clearly illustrate how the monitoring terminal 12 obtains the cooling path parameters based on the temperature change gradient and the gradient entropy optimization algorithm, the following specific method steps are also provided: Step S401: Several sensor units 1121 detect the temperature of the corresponding area and generate a temperature detection signal.

[0031] Step S402: The monitoring terminal 12 collects raw temperature data based on the temperature detection signal.

[0032] For example, the monitoring terminal 12 controls the sensor unit 1121 to detect the temperature of the corresponding area at a frequency of 2Hz to obtain raw temperature data; or the sensor unit 1121 detects the temperature of the corresponding area at a frequency of 10Hz, and the monitoring terminal 12 processes the temperature detection signal at a frequency of 2Hz to obtain a temperature curve formed by multiple raw temperature data.

[0033] Step S403: The monitoring terminal 12 filters out abnormal values ​​in the original temperature data and obtains the filtered temperature value.

[0034] In the implementation of this application, the original temperature data is sorted by median filtering, thereby eliminating extreme values ​​in the original temperature data and effectively suppressing the interference of instantaneous interference signals.

[0035] Step S404: The monitoring terminal 12 constructs the temperature field matrix.

[0036] The temperature field matrix includes the position coordinates of each sensor unit 1121 and several temperature values ​​after removing extreme values.

[0037] Step S405: The monitoring terminal 12 calculates the temperature change gradient on the regular grid.

[0038] A regular grid is a structure that discretizes a continuous space into uniformly and regularly distributed cells or nodes, possessing geometric symmetry and spatial consistency. In the implementation of this application, the `np.gradient` function is used to obtain the gradient components of the regular grid in different directions. The `np.gradient` function is a function that approximates the partial derivatives of a multivariate function using the numerical difference method.

[0039] Step S406: The monitoring terminal 12 performs gradient entropy calculation and obtains the cooling path parameters of the superconducting wire 101.

[0040] For example, the monitoring terminal 12 calculates and normalizes the gradient components to obtain the information entropy. The information entropy can quantify the uniformity of the temperature distribution at various points on the superconducting wire 101. The higher the information entropy, the more uniform the temperature distribution of the superconducting wire 101. The lower the information entropy, the more local hot spots exist in the superconducting wire 101, which may lead to the risk of local loss of quench in the superconducting wire 101.

[0041] The parameters of the cooling path include at least one of contact thermal resistance, cooling efficiency, and heat dissipation point. The cooling efficiency can be calculated using the following function: , in, This represents the temperature change of a certain portion of the superconducting wire 101. The change over time This refers to the amount of heat transferred per unit length along the heat transfer path.

[0042] For example, when the ambient temperature inside the detection container 111 is 4K, the initial current flowing through the superconducting wire 101 is 90A, and the maximum magnetic field strength of the superconducting wire 101 is 4T, if the current flowing through the superconducting wire 101 is increased to 180A at a rate of 0.01A / s, the maximum magnetic field strength of the superconducting wire 101 is increased to 8T, and the temperature of the superconducting wire 101 will change significantly. The temperature detection device 112 can detect the temperature change and generate a temperature detection signal. The monitoring terminal 12 can collect the original temperature data and perform calculations based on the original temperature data, and finally output the cooling path parameters and the critical current.

[0043] The superconducting wire 101 performance testing system 100 provided in this application houses the superconducting wire 101 in a detachable testing container 111 and simulates real working conditions. By monitoring the temperature of different regions of the superconducting wire 101, and using the temperature change gradient of different regions combined with the gradient entropy optimization algorithm, the cooling path parameters and critical current of the superconducting wire 101 are obtained. This enables the testing of the cooling performance, thermal stability, and cold shielding effectiveness of the superconducting wire 101. Based on the test results, the superconducting wire 101 is corrected, which can prevent the superconducting wire 101 from losing its quench after being installed in a superconducting magnet, reduce the cost of testing the cooling performance, thermal stability, and cold shielding effectiveness of the superconducting wire 101, and reduce the risk of damage to the superconducting magnet.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, as one implementation method, the monitoring terminal 12 can trigger a corresponding emergency protection mechanism based on the current status, specifically including the following steps: Step S501: The monitoring terminal 12 determines the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer 1111a.

[0045] In some embodiments, the monitoring terminal 12 can receive a temperature detection signal and determine the area with the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer 1111a based on the temperature detection signal, so as to determine the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer 1111a.

[0046] Step S502: The monitoring terminal 12 calculates the ratio between the highest temperature and the critical temperature.

[0047] Specifically, the monitoring terminal 12 can determine the current state of the superconducting wire 101 based on the ratio of the highest temperature to the critical temperature of the superconducting wire 101.

[0048] In some embodiments, the current state includes a stable state, an alarm state, and a loss of superconductivity state, wherein the stable state indicates that the current superconducting wire 101 maintains a stable superconducting state, the alarm state indicates that the current superconducting wire 101 is at risk of losing superconductivity, and the loss of superconductivity state indicates that the current superconducting wire 101 has at least partially lost superconductivity and the superconducting wire 101 cannot maintain a superconducting state.

[0049] Step S503: The monitoring terminal 12 determines whether the ratio is greater than the first preset threshold; if yes, proceed to step S504; if no, proceed to step S505.

[0050] Step S504: The monitoring terminal 12 determines whether the ratio is greater than the first preset threshold and not greater than the second preset threshold; if yes, proceed to step S506; if no, proceed to step S507.

[0051] For example, the first preset threshold is 0.8 and the second preset threshold is 0.95, that is, Tmax≤0.8Tc in the steady state, 0.8Tc≤Tmax≤0.95Tc in the alarm state, and Tmax>0.95Tc in the quench state, where Tmax is the highest temperature and Tc is the critical temperature of the superconducting wire 101.

[0052] It should be noted that if the ratio is greater than the first preset threshold but not greater than the second preset threshold, the current state is an alarm state, and the superconducting wire is at risk of losing its supercharge.

[0053] Step S505: The monitoring terminal 12 continuously monitors the ratio between the highest temperature and the critical temperature.

[0054] It should be noted that if the ratio is not greater than the first preset threshold, the current state is a stable state, and there is no risk of the superconducting wire 101 losing its quench.

[0055] Step S506: The monitoring terminal 12 determines the adjustment ratio of the current flowing through the superconducting wire 101 based on the pre-established current adjustment algorithm.

[0056] In some embodiments, the monitoring terminal 12 determines the adjustment ratio by adjusting the adjustment factor in the current adjustment algorithm. The value of the adjustment factor is directly proportional to a reference threshold, which is the difference between the product of a second preset threshold and a critical temperature and the highest temperature.

[0057] In the implementation of this application, the current regulation algorithm adjusts the current output from the monitoring device to the superconducting wire 101 based on a preset current change rate, and the current change rate satisfies the following relationship: 0.01A / s≤di / dt≤0.05 A / s; Where i represents the current flowing through the superconducting wire 101, and t represents the unit time.

[0058] It should be noted that if the current state is in an alarm state, the closer the ratio is to the first preset threshold, the greater the rate of change of current; the closer the ratio is to the second preset threshold, the smaller the rate of change of current, so as to avoid excessive current change leading to instability of the superconducting state.

[0059] Step S507: Monitoring terminal 12 triggers shutdown protection.

[0060] When the monitoring terminal 12 triggers the shutdown protection, the monitoring terminal 12 determines the location with the highest heat flux density in the superconducting wire 101 and generates relevant parameters based on the location with the highest heat flux density. The relevant parameters are used to indicate the hot spot coordinates of the location with the highest heat flux density.

[0061] In addition, shutdown protection can be achieved by diverting a portion of the current to an external circuit. For example, if the current state is a quench state, the detection device 11 is connected to a quench protection diode. The quench protection diode is forward-biased, and a portion of the current flowing through the superconducting wire 101 is diverted to an external circuit, such as a leakage resistor.

[0062] In some embodiments, the detection device 11 further includes a temperature control device 113, which is disposed in the inner shielding layer 1111a and connected to the monitoring terminal 12. The temperature control device 113 is used to receive a temperature adjustment signal sent by the monitoring terminal 12 to adjust the temperature in the inner shielding layer 1111a. If the current state is a quench state, the monitoring terminal 12 triggers a shutdown protection and sends a temperature adjustment signal to the temperature control device 113, causing the temperature control device 113 to reduce the temperature in the inner shielding layer 1111a in response to the temperature adjustment signal, so as to prevent the temperature in the inner shielding layer 1111a from rising further and causing the superconducting wire 101 to completely lose its quench.

[0063] Through the above methods and steps, the monitoring terminal 12 determines the highest temperature of the inner shielding layer 1111a based on the temperature detection signal, and compares the ratio between the highest temperature and the critical temperature of the superconducting wire 101 with a preset threshold to determine the current state of the superconducting wire 101. Based on different current states, it triggers corresponding emergency protection mechanisms to prevent the superconducting wire 101 from completely losing its calorific value.

[0064] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the temperature control device 113 includes a refrigerator 1131, a temperature control component 1132 connected to the refrigerator 1131, and a cold-conducting substrate 1133 connected to the temperature control component 1132. The cold-conducting substrate 1133 extends along the height direction of the detection container 111. The temperature control device 113 also includes a parallel connection assembly 1134, through which multiple cold-conducting substrates 1133 are connected, so that the multiple cold-conducting substrates 1133 are arranged in parallel.

[0065] Furthermore, the cooling substrate 1133 supports the customization of the saddle magnet topology path. That is, by adjusting the topology path parameters of the superconducting wire 101, such as shape, current direction, and number of turns distribution, the magnetic field performance can be maximized, and the uniformity, gradient intensity, and stability of the magnetic field can be optimized.

[0066] The above settings enable temperature control in the detection container 111, and the parallel connection of multiple cooling substrates 1133 reduces heat generation and improves the accuracy and efficiency of temperature control.

[0067] In some embodiments, the detection device 11 includes a magnetic field generator 114 (see...) Figure 6The magnetic field generator 114 is located in the inner shielding layer 1111a and connected to the monitoring terminal 12. The magnetic field generator 114 is used to receive the magnetic field adjustment signal sent by the monitoring terminal 12 to adjust the magnetic field strength in the low-temperature magnetic field environment. The monitoring terminal 12 is also used to adjust the current output to the superconducting wire 101 to determine the critical current of the superconducting wire 101 under different magnetic field strengths and / or different winding methods.

[0068] Specifically, the same superconducting wire 101 is wound in the same manner, and the temperature inside the detection container 111 is adjusted to 4K by the temperature control device 113 to detect the critical current of the superconducting wire 101 under different magnetic field strengths. For example, when the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 4T, the critical current Ic that the superconducting wire 101 can withstand is ≤1965A; when the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 5T, the critical current Ic that the superconducting wire 101 can withstand is ≤1271A; and when the magnetic field strength is adjusted to 8T, the critical current Ic that the superconducting wire 101 can withstand is ≤645A.

[0069] The same superconducting wire 101 is wound in different ways under the same magnetic field strength, and the temperature inside the detection container 111 is adjusted to 4K by the temperature control device 113 to detect the critical current of the superconducting wire 101 under different winding methods.

[0070] Different superconducting wires are wound in the same way under the same magnetic field strength, and the temperature inside the detection container 111 is adjusted to 4K by the temperature control device 113 to detect the critical current of different superconducting wires 101.

[0071] like Figure 6 As shown, this application also provides a method for testing the performance of superconducting wires. To clearly illustrate this method, the following specific steps are provided: Step S601: Temperature control device 113 adjusts the temperature inside detection container 111.

[0072] Step S602: Temperature detection device 112 detects the temperature of superconducting wire 101 in different directions and generates temperature detection signals.

[0073] Among them, the different directions are the two orthogonal directions of the superconducting wire 101 that are perpendicular to the up and down directions.

[0074] Step S603: The monitoring terminal 12 determines the current status based on the temperature detection signal and triggers the corresponding emergency protection mechanism based on the current status.

[0075] Step S604: The monitoring terminal 12 calculates the cooling path parameters and critical current based on the temperature detection signal.

[0076] Specifically, the monitoring terminal 12 can calculate and normalize based on the gradient components to obtain the information entropy. The information entropy can quantify the uniformity of the temperature distribution at various points on the superconducting wire 101. The higher the information entropy, the more uniform the temperature distribution of the superconducting wire 101. The lower the information entropy, the more local hot spots exist in the superconducting wire 101, which may lead to the risk of local loss of quench in the superconducting wire 101.

[0077] Step S605: The monitoring terminal 12 sends a magnetic field adjustment signal.

[0078] Step S606: The magnetic field generating device 114 changes the magnetic field strength according to the magnetic field adjustment signal.

[0079] Step S607: Monitoring terminal 12 detects the temperature under different magnetic field strengths.

[0080] The above method is used to monitor the temperature inside the detection container 111, calculate the cooling path parameters and critical current based on the temperature detection signal, and take corresponding emergency protection mechanisms when the superconducting wire 101 is at risk of quenching or when it does not quench, so as to avoid the superconducting wire 101 from completely losing quench. The magnetic field strength is adjusted to detect the superconducting wire 101 under specific working conditions, thereby reducing the cost of detecting the cooling performance, thermal stability and cold shielding effectiveness of the superconducting wire 101, and reducing the risk of damage to the superconducting magnet.

[0081] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A superconducting wire performance testing system, characterized in that, The system includes a detection device (11) and a monitoring terminal (12) connected to the detection device (11). The detection device (11) includes: The detection container (111) is used to establish a vacuum detection environment. The detection container (111) forms a plurality of shielding layers (1111) that are isolated from each other from the inside out to isolate external magnetic fields and external heat. The inner shielding layer (1111a) of the plurality of shielding layers (1111) is used to house the superconducting wire (101), and a low-temperature magnetic field environment suitable for detecting the performance of the superconducting wire (101) is established in the inner shielding layer (1111a). A temperature detection device (112) includes a plurality of sensor units (1121), which are distributed in different regions of the inner shielding layer (1111a) and generate temperature detection signals according to the temperature of the corresponding regions. The monitoring terminal (12) is used to determine the temperature change gradient of the superconducting wire (101) in different directions according to the temperature detection signal, and to obtain the cooling path parameters of the superconducting wire (101) according to the temperature change gradient combined with the gradient entropy optimization algorithm. The monitoring terminal (12) determines the critical current flowing through the superconducting wire (101) according to the cooling path parameters.

2. The superconducting wire performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring terminal (12) is used to determine the area with the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer (1111a) based on the temperature detection signal, so as to determine the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer (1111a); the monitoring terminal (12) determines the current state of the superconducting wire (101) based on the ratio of the highest temperature to the critical temperature of the superconducting wire (101), and triggers the corresponding emergency protection mechanism based on the current state.

3. The superconducting wire performance testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, If the ratio is greater than a first preset threshold and not greater than a second preset threshold, then the current state is an alarm state. In the alarm state, the monitoring terminal (12) determines the adjustment ratio of the current flowing through the superconducting wire (101) based on a pre-established current adjustment algorithm; wherein, the monitoring terminal (12) determines the adjustment ratio by adjusting the adjustment factor in the current adjustment algorithm, the value of the adjustment factor is directly proportional to a reference threshold, the reference threshold is the difference between the product of the second preset threshold and the critical temperature and the highest temperature.

4. The superconducting wire performance testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The current regulation algorithm adjusts the current output from the monitoring terminal (12) to the superconducting wire (101) based on a preset current change rate, and the current change rate satisfies the following relationship: 0.01A / s≤di / dt≤0.05 A / s; Where i represents the current flowing through the superconducting wire (101), and t represents the unit time.

5. The superconducting wire performance testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the ratio is greater than the second preset threshold, then the current state is a failure state; In the event of the queuing failure, the monitoring terminal (12) triggers a shutdown protection mechanism, which includes: The monitoring terminal (12) locates the position with the highest heat flux density in the superconducting wire (101) according to the cooling path parameters, and generates the corresponding hot spot coordinates based on the position. The temperature in the inner shielding layer (1111a) is reduced based on the monitoring terminal (12).

6. The superconducting wire performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection device (11) further includes a temperature control device (113), which is located in the inner shielding layer (1111a) and connected to the monitoring terminal (12). The temperature control device (113) is used to receive the temperature adjustment signal sent by the monitoring terminal (12) to adjust the temperature in the inner shielding layer (1111a).

7. The superconducting wire performance testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature control device (113) includes a refrigerator (1131), a temperature control component (1132) connected to the refrigerator (1131), and a cold-conducting substrate (1133) connected to the temperature control component (1132). The cold-conducting substrate (1133) extends along the height direction of the detection container (111). Multiple cold-conducting substrates (1133) are connected by a parallel assembly (1134) located below them, so that the multiple cold-conducting substrates (1133) are arranged in parallel.

8. The superconducting wire performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection device (11) includes a magnetic field generator (114), which is disposed in the inner shielding layer (1111a) and connected to the monitoring terminal (12). The magnetic field generator (114) is used to receive the magnetic field adjustment signal sent by the monitoring terminal (12) to adjust the magnetic field strength in the low-temperature magnetic field environment. The monitoring terminal (12) is also used to adjust the current output to the superconducting wire to determine the critical current of the superconducting wire (101) under different magnetic field strengths and / or different winding methods.

9. The superconducting wire performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling path parameters include at least one of contact thermal resistance, cooling efficiency, and heat source.

10. A superconducting wire performance testing device (11), characterized in that, include: The detection container (111) is used to establish a vacuum detection environment. The detection container (111) forms a plurality of shielding layers (1111) that are isolated from each other from the inside out to isolate external magnetic fields and external heat. The inner shielding layer (1111a) of the plurality of shielding layers (1111) is used to house the superconducting wire (101), and a low-temperature magnetic field environment suitable for detecting the performance of the superconducting wire (101) is established in the inner shielding layer (1111a). A temperature detection device (112) includes a plurality of sensor units (1121) distributed in different regions of the inner shielding layer (1111a), and generates a temperature detection signal according to the temperature of the corresponding region. The temperature detection signal is used to indicate the temperature change gradient of the superconducting wire (101) in different directions. The temperature detection signal is also used to determine the region with the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer (1111a) to determine the highest temperature in the inner shielding layer (1111a). A temperature control device (113) is disposed in the inner shielding layer (1111a) and regulates the temperature in the inner shielding layer (1111a); The temperature control device (113) is also used to receive a temperature adjustment signal sent by the monitoring terminal (12). The temperature adjustment signal is used to indicate the current state of the superconducting wire (101) and to control the temperature control device (113) to execute an emergency protection mechanism corresponding to the current state. The current state is determined based on the ratio of the highest temperature to the critical temperature of the superconducting wire (101).

Images