Anti-motion fluid timing device and universal suspension structure thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-motion fluid timing device and a universal suspension structure thereof. The anti-motion fluid timing device comprises a cylindrical outer kettle body, an inner kettle body and a universal suspension mechanism. A horizontal longitudinal shaft is fixed on the inner wall of the outer kettle body; the inner ring is fixed with the inner kettle body, a horizontal transverse shaft is arranged to be in running fit with the outer ring, and the two shafts are perpendicular to each other in the horizontal direction. The stroke of the inner kettle body is 77 mm (determined by one third of the Han chi), the inner diameter is 42 mm, and the aperture of a flow port is 0.90 mm. The inner kettle has a 180-second (press-in type) and 450-second (drain type) dual-mode timing function. The gravity center of the inner pot body is adjusted through balance weight or installation height, so that the inner pot body is always lower than a transverse shaft and automatically returns to be vertical when inclining. The device is hung on bridle of a horse, and vertical interference is eliminated through damping of the neck of the horse. Theoretical calculation verifies that the dual-mode timing error is less than 9 seconds, and the method can be used for teaching demonstration, museum recovery, military timing and cultural and creative products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of timing instrument technology, and in particular to a fluid timing device that can maintain timing accuracy in a moving environment, and a universal suspension structure that realizes this function, which is especially suitable for the motion timing needs of ancient dual-mode water clocks (such as the Han silver-inlaid bronze water clock with chariots and horses). Background Technology

[0002] While ancient balancing structures (such as the Tang Dynasty silver incense burner) could maintain the horizontal position of a spherical container during movement, their structural design heavily relied on the symmetry of the spherical shape. The Han Dynasty bronze water clock, however, was cylindrical, and its internal spatial distribution differed fundamentally from that of a spherical container, making it impossible to directly apply existing balancing structures. Achieving universal balance within the cylindrical body of the water clock while simultaneously ensuring the accuracy of the timekeeping during water release became a pressing technical challenge.

[0003] Of particular note is the Han Dynasty Silver Inlaid Chariot and Horse Bronze Water Clock (Han Dynasty Silver Inlaid), a unique dual-mode timer: it can achieve 0.2 quarters (180 seconds) timing via the push-in method (static) and 0.5 quarters (450 seconds) timing via the spill-out method (dynamic). This dual-mode design requires extremely high horizontality of the vessel; accuracy cannot be guaranteed during dynamic use (spill-out method). Therefore, a structure is needed that can maintain horizontality during movement while also maintaining timing accuracy.

[0004] Studies in sports biomechanics have shown that the head of horses is significantly more stable than the trunk during running—the neck, through its muscular and ligament systems, effectively isolates the trunk from the sway caused by forelimb movement, allowing the head to remain relatively stable. Experimental data show that in trotting and cantering gaits, the vertical acceleration of the head is only about 1 / 5 that of the trunk, a characteristic that provides a natural basis for the stable operation of the device (Dunbar DC, Macpherson JM, Simmons RW, Zarcades A. Stabilization and mobility of the head, neck and trunk in horses during overground locomotion: comparisons with humans and other primates. J ExpBiol. 2008 Dec;211(Pt 24):3889-907. doi: 10.1242 / jeb.020578. PMID: 19043061;PMCID: PMC2768006.). Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention A cylindrical fluid timing device that can remain horizontal in a moving environment is provided, so that the inner pot remains vertical during external bumps, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the draining type (450 seconds) in a moving environment.

[0006] Technical solution An anti-motion fluid timing device, comprising: • The outer pot body (1) is cylindrical, and a pair of horizontal longitudinal shafts (33) are fixedly provided on its inner wall. The axes of the pair of horizontal longitudinal shafts (33) coincide and are in the horizontal direction. The outer pot body (1) is fixedly connected to the horse head part by a hanging button (5) on its top. • The inner pot (2) is cylindrical and is located inside the outer pot (1) to hold water for timing. The inner pot (2) has a stroke height of 77mm. This value is based on one-third of 1 Han foot = 231mm. It is accurately determined by combining the investigation of unearthed Han Dynasty bronze water clocks, the measured data of Shang Yang's square measure, the timekeeping law of the sun shadow, and the Huang Zhong pitch pipe system, and is corroborated with the existing water clock data. The bottom is provided with a spout (6) 7-9mm from the inner bottom. The spout diameter is 0.85-0.95mm, which enables the device to realize static press-in 0.2-ke (180 seconds) timing and water discharge 0.5-ke (450 seconds, both static and dynamic) timing. • Universal suspension mechanism (3), including an outer ring (31) and an inner ring (32); the outer ring (31) is provided with a shaft hole that rotatably engages with the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33), and there is a 0.1-0.3mm single-sided gap between the shaft hole and the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33), so that the outer ring (31) can swing freely around the axis of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33); the inner ring (32) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner pot body (2), and a pair of horizontal transverse shafts (34) are fixedly provided on the inner ring (32), the axes of the pair of horizontal transverse shafts (34) coincide and are perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33); the outer ring (31) is also provided with a shaft hole that rotatably engages with the pair of horizontal transverse shafts (34), and there is also a 0.1-0.3mm single-sided gap between the shaft hole and the horizontal transverse shaft (34); The center of gravity of the inner pot body (2) together with the inner ring (32) is determined by the setting of the counterweight (9) or the selection of the installation height of the inner ring (32) so that the center of gravity is always located below the axis of the horizontal transverse axis (34) during the entire water discharge process. The counterweight (9) has a mass of 25g and is made of metal material with a density ≥7.8g / cm³ (such as lead, steel or copper alloy). It is fixed at the bottom center position of the inner pot body (2) to ensure the accuracy and stability of the center of gravity position.

[0007] The ends of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33) and the horizontal transverse shaft (34) are provided with axial positioning structures to prevent the outer ring (31) and the inner ring (32) from moving axially.

[0008] When the outer pot body (1) tilts under the action of external force, the outer ring (31) tilts accordingly. However, the center of gravity of the inner pot body (2) together with the inner ring (32) is lower than the horizontal axis (34). Gravity generates a restoring torque, causing the inner pot body to swing around the horizontal axis (34) until its vertical line passes through the line connecting the center of gravity and the horizontal axis (34), thereby automatically maintaining the vertical state and ensuring the accuracy of the dual-mode timing in the motion environment.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the outer pot body (1) is provided with an openable lid (4), and the lid (4) is provided with the hanging button (5).

[0010] Furthermore, the lower side of the outer pot body (1) is provided with a tubular outlet (6) for timing water discharge or connecting to an external water source; the inner pot body (2) is provided with a float (7) and a ruler (8) for indicating water level changes.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the inner vessel (2) is 40-44 mm, the wall thickness is 0.8-1.2 mm, the stroke height is strictly 77 mm, and the diameter of the spout (6) is 0.85-0.95 mm. Preferably, the inner diameter of the inner vessel (2) is 42 mm (based on the archaeological dimensions of the Han Dynasty silver-inlaid bronze water clock with chariots and horses), the wall thickness is 1 mm, and the diameter of the spout (6) is 0.90 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the outer pot body (1) is 73-77 mm, and the wall thickness is 1.5-2.5 mm. Preferably, the inner diameter of the outer pot body (1) is 75 mm, and the wall thickness is 2 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the outlet (6) is 7-9 mm, preferably 8 mm, from the bottom of the inner pot body (2), forming a dead water zone with a height of 8 mm; the "dead water zone" refers to the area below the outlet used to settle impurities and ensure that the outlet is always submerged. Its height is designed to take into account surface tension and the influence of air bubbles, ensuring a stable drainage process.

[0014] Furthermore, the axis of the inner ring (32) is installed at half the total height of the inner pot body (2), that is, when the total height of the inner pot body is 88mm, the installation height is 44mm; and a counterweight (9) is provided at the bottom of the inner pot body (2) so that the center of gravity of the inner pot body and the inner ring is always lower than the axis of the horizontal transverse axis (34). This height allows the upper and lower displacements of the inner pot body to be symmetrical when it swings, reducing space requirements.

[0015] Further, the outer ring (31) has an inner diameter of 58-62 mm and an outer diameter of 61-65 mm; the inner ring (32) has an inner diameter of 44 mm and an outer diameter of 45-49 mm. Preferably, the outer ring (31) has an inner diameter of 60 mm and an outer diameter of 63 mm; the inner ring (32) has an outer diameter of 47 mm. These dimensions are calculated based on a maximum swing angle of 10° to ensure that the inner pot body does not collide with the inner and outer rings when swinging.

[0016] Furthermore, the diameter of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33) and the horizontal transverse shaft (34) is 2mm, and the fitting clearance with the corresponding shaft hole is 0.1-0.3mm. This clearance is ensured by precision machining, which ensures flexible rotation and avoids excessive shaking.

[0017] Furthermore, the axial positioning structure is as follows: the shoulder provided at the end of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33) cooperates with the limiting rings on both sides of the outer ring (31); the snap ring provided at the end of the horizontal transverse shaft (34) cooperates with the opening retaining ring; the limiting ring is integrally cast with the inner wall of the outer pot body (1) or independently fixed.

[0018] Creative argumentation This invention overcomes a long-standing technical bias in the field: the design principles of traditional balance frames (such as the Tang Dynasty silver incense burner) require the center of gravity to coincide with the axis of rotation to achieve balance in any situation. However, this application, considering the special needs of a cylindrical pot, designs the center of gravity to always be below the axis of rotation, utilizing the restoring torque of gravity to achieve automatic alignment. This shift in design thinking is not obvious to those skilled in the art, because the inherent thinking of spherical balance frames would guide them to pursue the coincidence of the center of gravity with the axis, rather than actively creating a shift in the center of gravity.

[0019] Meanwhile, this invention achieves multi-constraint optimization within a limited space: the outer diameter of the inner vessel is only 44mm, yet it must simultaneously accommodate a double-ring structure, ensure a 10° swing space, and meet dual-mode timing parameters. The final determined key dimensions, such as the 77mm stroke (derived from archaeological research on one-third of a Han dynasty ruler), the 0.90mm aperture (optimized through fluid dynamics simulation), and the 60mm inner diameter of the outer ring (calculated based on the swing angle), cannot be easily obtained through conventional experiments. Instead, they represent the results of interdisciplinary research integrating archaeology, metrology, fluid mechanics, and mechanical dynamics.

[0020] Furthermore, suspending the device on the horse's head utilizes the shock absorption characteristics of the neck in sports biomechanics. This cross-disciplinary application requires recognizing that the horse's head is far more stable than its torso and designing appropriate fixing and connection methods, rather than simply replacing the position. Beneficial effects

[0021] 1. Solved the problem of maintaining the horizontal position of the cylindrical pot body during movement: By setting the center of gravity below the axis of rotation, the automatic return to center is achieved by using the restoring torque of gravity, which breaks through the structural limitations of the spherical constant level frame.

[0022] 2. Significantly improves the accuracy of the drainage mode in motion environment: Based on the analysis of restoring torque and motion biomechanical data, this device can maintain a vertical state in motion environment, and the theoretical time error can be controlled within 9 seconds, which meets the accuracy requirements of military command half-quarter timing (450 seconds).

[0023] 3. Compact structure and high space utilization: By optimizing the installation height of the inner ring and the inner diameter of the outer ring, the size of the outer pot is minimized (inner diameter 75mm) while ensuring sufficient swing space.

[0024] 4. Highly consistent with the size of the cultural relic, perfectly replicating the dual-mode function of the Han Dynasty silver chariot and horse bronze water clock: The inner diameter of the inner pot is 42mm, which is consistent with the mouth diameter of the Han Dynasty silver chariot and horse bronze water clock. The stroke is 77mm, based on one-third of 1 Han foot = 231mm. It is determined by taking into account factors such as unearthed bronze water clocks, Shang Yang square measure, sun shadow timekeeping, and Huangzhong pitch pipe system. The spout diameter is 0.90mm. Through dual-mode timekeeping optimization, the device can be used as a carrier for academic research as well as for the development of cultural and creative products.

[0025] 5. On-site calibration capability: The "trial water adjustment" method can absorb processing errors, enabling the dual-mode timing accuracy to reach within 0.5%, reflecting the ancient metrological wisdom of "process generation". Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 : Overall structure and suspension diagram of the device, labeled with outer pot body (1), inner pot body (2), suspension mechanism (3), lid (4), suspension button (5), spout (6), float (7), arrow ruler (8), counterweight (9), outer ring (31), inner ring (32), horizontal longitudinal axis (33), horizontal transverse axis (34), inner pot lid (13), lifting beam (14) and dead water area and effective stroke area; showing suspension button (5), bridle (10), hook (11), plumb line (12).

[0027] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the dual-mode timing calibration method, showing the process of determining the termination scale through pressure-injection water injection and then calibrating the discharge scale (arrows indicate the direction of water level rise and fall). Detailed Implementation

[0028] Example 1: Transparent Teaching Demonstration Device (Dual-Mode Display) This embodiment uses a double-ring universal bracket structure for teaching demonstrations, which can intuitively demonstrate the dual-mode timing function.

[0029] The outer pot body (1) is made of transparent acrylic material, with an inner diameter of 75mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and an outer diameter of 79mm.

[0030] The inner vessel (2) is made of transparent or semi-transparent material, with an inner diameter of 42mm (based on the archaeological dimensions of the Han Dynasty silver-inlaid bronze water clock), a wall thickness of 1mm, an outer diameter of 44mm, a total height of 88mm (including a bottom thickness of 2mm and a lid thickness of 1mm), and a stroke height of 77mm. This stroke is based on one-third of 1 Han foot = 231mm, taking into account factors such as the unearthed Han Dynasty bronze water clock, Shang Yang square measure, sun shadow timekeeping, and the Huangzhong pitch pipe system. The dead water zone is 8mm. Its outer wall has two sets of annular scale lines: the left scale corresponds to the 180-second press-in mode, and the right scale corresponds to the 450-second drain-out mode. The spout (6) has a diameter of 0.90mm and an outer diameter of 3mm. It is located on the lower side of the outer vessel (1), 8mm from the bottom of the inner vessel (2).

[0031] The inner ring (32) is fixed to the outer wall of the inner pot body (2), with an inner diameter of 44mm, an outer diameter of 47mm, and a width of 8mm. A horizontal horizontal shaft (34) is fixed on it, with a shaft diameter of 2mm, a shaft length of 15mm, and an installation height of 44mm (from the inner bottom). A 25g counterweight (9) made of lead is provided at the bottom of the inner pot body and fixed at the center of the bottom.

[0032] The outer ring (31) has an inner diameter of 60 mm, an outer diameter of 63 mm, and a width of 8 mm. It has a shaft hole (Φ2.5 mm) that mates with the horizontal transverse shaft (34) and a shaft hole (Φ2.5 mm) that mates with the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33).

[0033] A horizontal longitudinal shaft (33) is welded to the inner wall of the outer pot body (1), with a diameter of 2 mm and an extension length of 10 mm. The top of the inner pot body (2) is provided with an inner pot cover (13), and a lifting beam (14) is provided on the inner pot cover. The lifting beam is 10 mm high, 20 mm long, 10 mm wide, and 1 mm thick, and is used to keep the arrow ruler vertical.

[0034] To enhance the observation effect, food coloring was added to the water used for timing. The device was suspended on a mobile cart by the hanging button (5) on the top. Manually simulating shaking, it can be observed that the inner pot (2) always remains horizontal, and both timing modes (push-in water filling and draining water timing) can be performed normally. After multiple simulation tests, the error of the 450-second draining water timing is less than 7 seconds, which meets the requirements of teaching demonstration.

[0035] Example 2: Optimization scheme for suspension position (actual use) This embodiment is for a real-world application scenario, emphasizing the advantages of hanging it on the horse's head and the timing of the water discharge mode.

[0036] The device is fixedly suspended to the horse's bridle via a suspension button (5). According to research on sports biomechanics, when a horse is trotting and galloping, the head pitch angle is about 4-5° and the vertical acceleration is only about 1 / 5 of that of the torso. This characteristic effectively eliminates vertical vibration interference.

[0037] To achieve a fixed connection, the suspension button (5) is designed as a U-shaped structure and is locked to the bridle metal ring by bolts to ensure that there is no relative movement between the outer pot body (1) and the horse head.

[0038] The inner pot body (2) is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, with an inner diameter of 42mm, a wall thickness of 1mm, a total height of 88mm, a stroke of 77mm, and a spout diameter of 0.90mm. The inner ring is installed at a height of 44mm, and the bottom is counterweighted at 25g (made of steel) to ensure that the center of gravity is always below the horizontal axis.

[0039] Example 3: Size Optimization Design (Dual-Mode Parameter Basis) This embodiment provides the preferred dimensions based on physical midpoint mounting and center of gravity below the rotation axis, and details the optimization basis of the dual-mode parameters (77mm stroke, 0.90mm bore diameter).

[0040] Inner vessel (2): Cast in bronze, with an inner diameter of 42mm, a wall thickness of 1mm, an outer diameter of 44mm, a total height of 88mm (including a bottom thickness of 2mm and a lid thickness of 1mm), a stroke of 77mm, a dead water zone of 8mm, and an outlet diameter of 0.90mm. These parameters (77mm stroke, 0.90mm outlet diameter) were determined based on the archaeological dimensions of the Han Dynasty silver-inlaid bronze water clock and the requirements for dual-mode timekeeping, and were verified using the theoretical formula for outlet flow. Data calculations and verification show that under a constant pressure of 77mm water column, the theoretical timing error for the 180-second pressurized type is less than 0.5 seconds, and the timing error for the 450-second discharge type is less than 0.8 seconds, meeting the dual-mode balance requirements.

[0041] Inner ring (32): fixed to the inner pot body, with an inner diameter of 44mm, an outer diameter of 47mm, and a width of 8mm. A horizontal horizontal shaft (34) is fixed on it, with a shaft diameter of 2mm, a shaft length of 10mm, and an installation height of 44mm (from the inner bottom). A 25g counterweight (9) is provided at the bottom of the inner pot body. The material is bronze, and the fixing method is riveting.

[0042] Outer ring (31): made of bronze, with an inner diameter of 60 mm, an outer diameter of 63 mm, and a width of 8 mm. It has a shaft hole (Φ2.5 mm) that mates with the horizontal transverse shaft (34) and a shaft hole (Φ2.5 mm) that mates with the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33).

[0043] Horizontal longitudinal axis (33): 2mm in diameter, welded to the inner wall of the outer pot body (1), with a length of 10mm, and the axis coincides and is horizontal.

[0044] Outer body (1): made of bronze, with an inner diameter of 75mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and a total height of 110mm. A Φ6mm drainage hole is provided in the middle of the bottom of the pot (it has been verified that the area of ​​a single hole is much larger than the area of ​​the spout by 0.64mm², which can ensure smooth drainage). The top is equipped with a lid (4) with a hanging button (5).

[0045] Critical dimension calculation basis: The dimensions in this embodiment are calculated based on a maximum swing angle of 10° (safety margin): (1) Calculation of the inner diameter of the outer ring: The total height of the inner pot is 88mm, the installation height of the inner ring is 44mm (midpoint), and the maximum horizontal displacement of the upper edge when the inner pot swings 10° around the horizontal axis is: △ top =44×tan10°= 7.76mm The outer diameter of the inner vessel is 44mm, therefore the inner diameter of the outer ring must satisfy: D outer_ring_inner ≥44 + 2 × 7.76 = 59.52 mm Rounded to 60mm, the single-sided gap of 8mm > 7.76mm, which meets the requirements.

[0046] (2) Calculation of the inner diameter of the outer ring: The outer diameter of the outer ring is 63mm. When it swings 10° around the horizontal longitudinal axis, the maximum horizontal displacement of the outer ring edge is: △ ring = 31.5 × tan 10° = 5.55 mm The inner diameter of the outer vessel must meet the following requirement: D outer_vessel_inner ≥63 + 2 × 5.55 = 74.1 mm Rounded to 75mm, the single-sided gap of 6mm is greater than 5.55mm, which meets the requirements.

[0047] (3) Basis for the value of the maximum swing angle: According to the actual measurement by Dunbar et al. (2008), the maximum pitch angle of the horse's head during trotting and galloping is about 4-5° and the side tilt angle is about 3-4°. Taking 10° as the design value already includes a safety margin of 2 times, which can cover all normal exercise conditions.

[0048] Restoring torque calculation: When the inner pot is tilted θ At an angle, the restoring torque M = mg d sinθ, where d The horizontal distance between the center of gravity and the axis of rotation (at the static equilibrium position) d =0, but dynamic center of gravity shift generates torque).

[0049] Taking the full water state as an example, the center of gravity is about 1mm below the horizontal axis (the vertical distance from the axis is 1mm, but the actual torque is generated by the horizontal offset, so the vertical distance is used for approximation here: when tilted) θ At that time, the horizontal distance of the center of gravity deviating from the axis is approximately d·sinθ≈1mm·sinθ. Let... θ =5°, then the horizontal offset is approximately 0.087 mm, and the restoring torque is approximately 0.245 kg × 9.8 × 0.087 × 10. -3 ≈2.1×10 -4Nm. The frictional resistance torque of the shaft hole (bronze-bronze, friction coefficient 0.2, shaft radius 1mm, normal force approximately 2.4N) is approximately 4.8 × 10⁻⁶ Nm. -4 The restoring torque is on the same order of magnitude as friction, but considering the inertial effect in dynamics, the actual oscillation can return to the correct position smoothly.

[0050] Axial positioning design: - The end of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33) is provided with a shoulder (Φ3mm), which cooperates with the limiting rings provided on both sides of the outer ring (31) to limit the axial displacement ≤0.5mm; - A retaining ring groove is provided at the end of the horizontal transverse shaft (34). After assembly, an open retaining ring is installed to prevent the inner ring (32) from coming out of the outer ring (31).

[0051] Quantitative standard for center of gravity adjustment: The weight of counterweight (9) is 25g±0.5g, and the installation position deviation is ≤0.2mm. Ensure that the center of gravity height changes between 43mm and 39mm during the entire drainage process (from full water to dead water zone) (based on the horizontal axis height of 44mm), and is always lower than the horizontal axis.

[0052] Example 4: Dual-mode timing calibration method This embodiment details the dual-mode timing calibration method as described in claim 14, and its process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0053] First, pour water into the inner pot (2) until the water overflows from the spout (6). At this time, the water level will automatically stabilize at the lower edge of the spout, marked as the initial scale of the press-in type (i.e., the upper edge of the dead water zone).

[0054] Next, measure 77mm vertically upwards from the initial pressure-filled scale and mark a temporary end scale on the outer wall of the inner pot (2) or the float rod. Connect an external pressure-stabilized water source to ensure that the vertical distance between the water surface and the temporary end scale is precisely 77mm. Open the spout (6) to perform pressure-filled water injection, and simultaneously use a precision stopwatch to time the water level until the marked temporary end scale is reached. If the water injection time deviates from 180 seconds by more than ±0.9 seconds (relative error 0.5%), fine-tune the position of the temporary end scale and repeat the water injection test until the error meets the requirements. At this point, the temporary end scale becomes the final pressure-filled end scale.

[0055] Finally, fill the device with water to the pressure-in termination mark, and mark it as the drainage start mark. Open the spout (6) to drain the water, and use a precision stopwatch to time the time until the water level drops to the lower edge of the dead water zone. If the drainage time deviates from 450 seconds by more than ±2.25 seconds (relative error 0.5%), the pressure-in termination mark (i.e., the upper edge of the spout) needs to be finely adjusted, and the above pressure-in calibration steps are repeated until both sets of errors meet the requirements.

[0056] This method, by first determining the termination scale of the press-in type, then verifying the duration of the drain type, and using the grinding of the spout to simultaneously correct both modes, embodies the measurement wisdom of "process generation" in the Han Dynasty. Marker description

[0057] mark Component Name Remark 1 outer body Cylindrical outer shell, inner diameter 75mm, wall thickness 2mm, total height 110mm 2 Inner pot body The water-holding timing core has an inner diameter of 42mm, an outer diameter of 44mm, a total height of 88mm, and a stroke of 77mm. 3 suspension mechanism Overall diagram (see details) Figure 1 ) 4 outer lid The top of the outer pot has an openable lid, 1.5mm thick. 5 Hanging button Double bridge-shaped button, 10mm high, 30mm wide, 2mm thick 6 Outlet The drain pipe is located on the lower side, 8mm from the bottom of the inner pot, with a diameter of 0.90mm. 7 pontoon Floating on the water surface, used to provide buoyancy for the arrow scale. 8 Arrow ruler Optional component for indicating water level in opaque kettle designs. 9 counterweight Optional, weight 25g, located on the inner bottom 10 Bridle Horse head area 11 hook up The U-shaped connector forms a rigid connection between the bronze water clock and the horse's head. 12 plumb line Indicates that the inner pot should be kept horizontal. 13 Inner lid The top cover of the inner pot is 1mm thick, with a central hole for the arrow ruler to pass through. The central hole is 4×7mm. 14 Lifting beam It is placed on the inner lid (13), with a height of 5mm, a length of 20mm, a width of 10mm, and a thickness of 1mm. 31 Outer Ring Inner diameter 60mm, outer diameter 63mm, width 8mm, installation height 44mm 32 Inner Ring Inner diameter 44mm, outer diameter 47mm, width 8mm, installation height 44mm 33 Horizontal longitudinal axis 2mm in diameter, 10mm in protrusion length, welded to the inner wall of the outer pot (or cast as a single piece). 34 Horizontal axis 2mm in diameter, 10mm in extension length, integrated with the inner ring. Industrial application This invention can be mass-produced using modern processes such as casting and precision machining, or it can be used to replicate cultural relics using traditional bronze techniques. It is suitable for teaching demonstrations, museum exhibitions, military timing simulations, film and television props, and the development of cultural and creative products, and has clear industrial applicability.

Claims

1. A timing device resistant to motion fluid, characterized in that, include: The outer pot body (1) is cylindrical, and a pair of horizontal longitudinal shafts (33) are fixedly installed on its inner wall. The axes of the horizontal longitudinal shafts (33) coincide and are in the horizontal direction. The outer pot body (1) is fixedly connected to the horse's bridle through a hanging button (5) on its top. The inner vessel (2) is cylindrical and is located inside the outer vessel (1) to hold water for timing. The inner vessel (2) has a stroke height of 77 mm and a spout (6) 7-9 mm from the bottom. The spout diameter is 0.85-0.95 mm, which enables the device to achieve static press-in timing of 0.2 ke (180 seconds) and dynamic water discharge timing of 0.5 ke (450 seconds). The stroke height of 77 mm is based on one-third of 1 Han chi = 231 mm. It is accurately determined by combining multiple factors such as the investigation of unearthed Han Dynasty bronze water clocks, the measured data of Shang Yang square sheng, the law of sun shadow timekeeping, and the Huangzhong pitch pipe system. The universal suspension mechanism (3) includes an outer ring (31) and an inner ring (32); the outer ring (31) is provided with a horizontal longitudinal shaft hole that rotatably engages with the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33), and there is a 0.1-0.3mm single-sided gap between the shaft hole and the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33), so that the outer ring (31) can swing freely around the axis of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33); the inner ring (32) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner pot body (2), and a pair of horizontal transverse shafts (34) are fixedly provided on the inner ring (32), the axes of the horizontal transverse shafts (34) coincide and are perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33); the outer ring (31) is also provided with a horizontal transverse shaft hole that rotatably engages with the horizontal transverse shaft (34), and there is also a 0.1-0.3mm single-sided gap between the shaft hole and the horizontal transverse shaft (34); The center of gravity of the inner pot body (2) together with the inner ring (32) is determined by the setting of the counterweight (9) or the selection of the installation height of the inner ring (32) so that the center of gravity is always located below the axis of the horizontal transverse axis (34) during the entire drainage process; the counterweight (9) has a mass of 25g, is made of metal material with a density ≥7.8g / cm³, and is fixed at the center of the bottom of the inner pot body (2); The ends of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33) and the horizontal transverse shaft (34) are provided with axial positioning structures to prevent the outer ring (31) and the inner ring (32) from moving axially. When the outer pot (1) tilts under the action of external force, the inner pot (2) swings around the horizontal axis (34) under the action of gravity and remains vertical, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the water-draining timer in the motion environment.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer pot body (1) is provided with an openable lid (4) on the top, and the lid (4) is provided with the hanging button (5).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer pot body (1) has a tubular outlet (6) on the lower side for timing water discharge or connecting to an external water source; the inner pot body (2) has a float (7) and a ruler (8) inside for indicating water level changes.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the inner pot body (2) is 40-44mm, the wall thickness is 0.8-1.2mm, the stroke height is strictly 77mm, and the diameter of the spout (6) is 0.85-0.95mm.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the inner pot body (2) is 42mm, the wall thickness is 1mm, and the diameter of the spout (6) is 0.90mm.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the outer pot body (1) is 73-77mm, and the wall thickness is 1.5-2.5mm.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the outer pot body (1) is 75 mm and the wall thickness is 2 mm.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet (6) is 7-9 mm from the bottom of the inner pot body (2), forming a dead water zone with a height of 8 mm; the dead water zone refers to the area below the outlet used to settle impurities and ensure that the outlet is always submerged.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation height of the inner ring (32) is 1 / 2 of the total height of the inner pot body (2), that is, when the total height of the inner pot body is 88mm, the installation height is 44mm; and the bottom of the inner pot body (2) is provided with a counterweight (9) so that the center of gravity of the inner pot body and the inner ring is always lower than the axis of the horizontal transverse axis (34).

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ring (31) has an inner diameter of 58-62 mm and an outer diameter of 61-65 mm; the inner ring (32) has an inner diameter of 44 mm and an outer diameter of 45-49 mm.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that, The outer ring (31) has an inner diameter of 60 mm and an outer diameter of 63 mm; the inner ring (32) has an outer diameter of 47 mm.

12. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33) and the horizontal transverse shaft (34) is 2mm, and the fitting clearance with the corresponding shaft hole is 0.1-0.3mm, which is ensured by precision machining.

13. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial positioning structure is as follows: the shoulder provided at the end of the horizontal longitudinal shaft (33) cooperates with the limiting rings on both sides of the outer ring (31); the snap ring provided at the end of the horizontal transverse shaft (34) cooperates with the opening retaining ring; the limiting ring is integrally cast with the inner wall of the outer pot body (1) or is independently fixed.

14. A dual-mode timing calibration method for the apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Pour water into the inner pot (2) until the water overflows from the spout (6). At this time, the water level mark is the initial scale of the pressure-in type. Step 2: Measure 77mm vertically upward from the initial pressure-injection scale and mark a temporary end scale on the outer wall of the inner pot (2) or the float rod; connect an external pressure-stabilized water source so that the vertical distance between the water source liquid surface and the temporary end scale is precisely maintained at 77mm; open the spout (6) to inject water using the pressure-injection method, and at the same time use a precision stopwatch to time until the water level reaches the marked temporary end scale; if the water injection time deviates from 180 seconds by more than ±0.9 seconds (relative error 0.5%), then fine-tune the position of the temporary end scale and repeat this step until the error meets the requirements. At this time, the temporary end scale becomes the pressure-injection end scale. Step 3: Fill the device with water to the pressure-in termination mark and mark it as the drainage start mark; open the outlet (6) to drain water, and use a precision stopwatch to time the water level until it drops to the lower edge of the dead water zone; if the drainage time deviates from 450 seconds by more than ±2.25 seconds (relative error 0.5%), then fine-tune the position of the pressure-in termination mark and repeat steps 2 and 3 until both sets of errors meet the requirements.

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