System for controlling and adjusting pressure and proportion of oxygen and nitrogen in closed space

Abstract

The control and regulation system for the pressure and proportion of the oxygen and the nitrogen in the closed space comprises an external air taking pipeline, a pump driven by a motor, a compressor or a fan, a particle prefilter, a molecular filter for separating the oxygen and the nitrogen, an oxygen and nitrogen sensor, a pressure and flow regulator, an oxygen and nitrogen mixing valve, a pressure limiting valve and a pressure release valve. All elements are controlled by a microprocessor that processes sensor inputs and drives the pumps and valves, slightly increasing oxygen concentration and pressure within a confined space, and providing visual and acoustic alerts. Nitrogen is only allowed to be applied to one variant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Nitrogen is used in residential air conditioning systems, pressurized homes, especially those located in high-altitude areas, as well as hospitals and public spaces. It is also used in fire suppression systems and to kill insects and rodents. Background Technology

[0002] Current air conditioning systems do not increase the oxygen, nitrogen, or pressure in a residence, building, or premises. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose and advantages of the invention

[0004] Provide a system that can display the pressure and oxygen levels in an enclosed space: a room or a corridor.

[0005] Apply oxygen, nitrogen and / or pressure on-site; simple, highly practical, economical and easy to use, without the need for cylinders or mobile equipment.

[0006] Increase the pressure and oxygen levels in clinics, hospitals, or poorly ventilated bedrooms and homes. (This increased pressure prevents bacteria and insects from entering.)

[0007] In high-altitude areas or areas with severe air pollution, increase oxygen and air pressure.

[0008] It increases oxygen supply in cases of hypoxia caused by cardiovascular or respiratory diseases, or provides a higher oxygen supply in clinics, hospitals, or poorly ventilated residences. It can be used individually, in rooms, or throughout a building. For healthy individuals, it can also enhance well-being and extend lifespan.

[0009] Install automatic oxygen supply systems in enclosed spaces such as residences and factories to maintain optimal air quality.

[0010] It can prevent fatigue, promote health, and may help prevent stroke or heart attack.

[0011] It enhances oxygen supply in high-altitude areas, factories, or contaminated enclosed spaces. This is particularly beneficial for individual passengers on airplanes, especially on long-haul flights. It is also very useful in bedrooms where oxygen levels drop at night and carbon dioxide and nitrogen accumulate.

[0012] If only air is used, it can be refreshed in an economical, efficient, and simple way. The same applies to elevators.

[0013] Apply a system that can consistently maintain or approach the required ratio.

[0014] When shops, warehouses, and other uninhabited locations are not occupied, nitrogen levels can be partially or completely increased to reduce or prevent fires, aerobic bacteria, insects, and rodents.

[0015] After conducting research, oxygen concentration and constant pressure can be used to more precisely understand its limitations. We know that increasing oxygen and pressure can enhance vitality, including in healthy individuals. Therefore, research should be conducted to obtain tables that can be used to apply pressurized oxygen without causing harm. For example, oxygen can be increased by 10% or 20%, and pressure can be increased by a similar amount.

[0016] The oxygen-nitrogen ratio will be maintained, towards this ratio, or maintained at a low level. In this way, for example, the room will not become oxygen overloaded.

[0017] Oxygen can reduce the risk of cancer because Nobel laureate Dr. Otto Warburg discovered that cancer cells cannot survive in high-oxygen environments. It can also improve overall health because many pathogens, such as cancer cells, require anaerobic conditions. Low oxygen levels can cause fatigue, a bluish-gray complexion, and difficulty breathing. This may be accompanied by dizziness, fainting, or disorientation. Too much oxygen can also cause problems, but this system is designed to increase intake and avoid excessive oxidation, which is usually associated with a supply of pure or hyperbaric oxygen. Breathing 50% to 100% oxygen at normal pressure for extended periods can cause lung damage.

[0018] Health Impacts and Therapies

[0019] The Dead Sea coast is 427 meters below sea level, with high atmospheric pressure (1065 millibars in winter, 5% higher than normal, see...). Figure 1a It has a positive effect on patients with respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis.

[0020] There are several treatment options:

[0021] - Climate therapy: Treatments that utilize local climate characteristics, including atmospheric pressure.

[0022] - The effect of oxygen

[0023] "Hyperbaric oxygenation," or hyperoxia, can be achieved by supplying oxygen at pressures higher than normal. This increases the amount of dissolved oxygen in the blood plasma, promotes cell metabolism, and allows oxygen to reach the brain, cartilage, bones, and tissues that are unable to receive sufficient oxygen due to various circulatory system diseases.

[0024] This helps improve infection control and promotes rapid recovery from various pathological, degenerative, and circulatory system diseases. It works in conjunction with therapies used by physicians to target specific pathologies, thereby preventing damage and physical deterioration caused by hypoxia (lack of oxygen).

[0025] Physiological effects:

[0026] Hyperoxia produces a series of physiological effects that enhance the efficiency of standard medical anti-inflammatory processes and tissue regeneration in a variety of pathologies.

[0027] Among them, the following are particularly noteworthy:

[0028] - Vasoconstriction.

[0029] Oxidation causes small arteries to constrict, reducing inflammation by decreasing edema.

[0030] - Angiogenesis.

[0031] High oxygen levels stimulate and promote the formation of small blood vessels, accelerating the healing process.

[0032] - Stimulates collagen synthesis.

[0033] High oxygen levels stimulate fibroblasts, which are responsible for producing collagen, a fundamental substance for wound healing and tissue repair.

[0034] - Stimulates cellular immunity.

[0035] A type of white blood cell, the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PNL), uses free radicals as a bactericidal mechanism. This process is favored and stimulated by oxygen.

[0036] - Regulates oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

[0037] Hyperoxia acts on regulators and mediators of inflammatory responses, reduces oxidative stress, and brings about anti-inflammatory effects and reduces cell damage.

[0038] - Stimulate stem cells.

[0039] Oxidation stimulates the differentiation and release of stem cells, which helps in tissue repair and the formation of new blood vessels.

[0040] - Stimulates the regeneration of surrounding axons.

[0041] This allows patients with peripheral neuropathy (such as facial paralysis) to recover function quickly.

[0042] - Increases and redistributes blood flow to the brain.

[0043] Increased oxygen supply to the brain reduces inflammation and enhances cellular oxygen uptake, which can help in the treatment and rehabilitation of stroke, cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases.

[0044] - Improved success rate of flaps and implants.

[0045] Oxidative peroxidation can increase the acceptance rate of implants and flaps used in burn patients and reconstructive surgery.

[0046] Osteogenesis.

[0047] Peroxidation can stimulate the differentiation of bone morphocytes, promoting osteoogenesis and bone repair.

[0048] Therefore, it can be said that it extends lifespan and promotes a healthier lifestyle.

[0049] We live in an atmosphere with low oxygen and / or low pressure. Normal values ​​can be reached or even slightly exceeded, which is beneficial for both the sick and the healthy. For example, low pressure occurs at high altitudes, and hypoxia can also be found in enclosed, poorly ventilated, or poorly air-conditioned spaces. For example, in a bedroom, oxygen concentration drops significantly at night, while nitrogen concentration, especially carbon dioxide concentration, rises.

[0050] There are multiple application methods:

[0051] a) Increase the pressure in one or all of the spaces. Figure 1 and 9 )

[0052] b) Apply a variable O2 / N2 ratio. Figure 4 and Figure 5 )

[0053] c) Slightly increase the oxygen flow rate. Figure 6 )

[0054] d) Increase the nitrogen flow rate to 100%. This is very effective against aerobic bacteria, insects, rodents, and firefighting.

[0055] e) Increase airflow (see Figure 8 This is equivalent to renewing the air.

[0056] (Current or standard oxygen ratio is 21%). a) Increase the pressure within the room or enclosure. (Primarily limited by the resistance of windows, doors, and glass in adjacent rooms). b) An O2 / N2 ratio between 27% (21% of total air) and 40% can be achieved. d) Apply nitrogen only; these activities are typically carried out in rooms where no one or pets reside.

[0057] It can apply oxygen at different pressures and in different amounts at the same time.

[0058] Oxygen and nitrogen are obtained from atmospheric air using filters and the pressure or suction of pumps or compressors.

[0059] A simple oxygen filter is a hollow fiber filter.

[0060] With the development of graphene, a stable porous nanofilm thinner than a nanometer—that is, 100,000 times thinner than a human hair—it can achieve simple filtration without high pressure, providing ultra-high-speed filtration.

[0061] This two-dimensional carbon-atom film, composed of two layers of graphene, has precisely sized micropores etched onto its surface, allowing it to permeate small molecules. It allows gas mixtures to separate into their constituent parts. This film, only two carbon atoms thick, is the thinnest porous membrane in technology.

[0062] The bilayer graphene film or film exhibits high purity. The problem of two sedimentation defects directly overlapping is extremely rare, making high-precision manufacturing possible.

[0063] However, for the gas filtration of this invention, the trace amounts of certain gases in the air are not significant, making it simpler and more economical to use.

[0064] The thinner the membrane, the lower the osmotic resistance, and the higher the energy efficiency of the filtration process.

[0065] With a membrane of this atomic thickness, maximum permeability can be achieved, thus reaching the fastest permeation rate.

[0066] Crystal structures allow some elements to pass through while retaining others.

[0067] The different pore sizes of polymers make separation more difficult and inaccurate; filtration requires thicker membranes, leading to increased energy consumption.

[0068] In certain diseases, especially those related to respiratory failure or lung-only conditions, higher than normal oxygen levels may be administered. Separation can be achieved using membranes containing: a) polymers and copolymers with inherent microporosity, b) polyolefins, c) polymer mixtures with graphene, d) zeolites, e) graphene coated with calibrated pores or perforations, f) metal oxides, and g) silicene, carbon-nanocellulose, or activated carbon. These perforations allow oxygen to pass through but not nitrogen. A second filtration method can separate O2 from other elements and has a smaller dynamic diameter.

[0069] It includes a simple and easy-to-replace suspended particle filter.

[0070] Graphene sheets can be supported by other sheets, plates, or highly porous layers. They are used as filters when rapid oxygen supply is required, such as in patient care.

[0071] Oxygen is filtered from the air, along with helium, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, and water vapor, all of which have relatively small dynamic diameters. Except for argon (0.9%), the other elements are present in trace amounts, but radon, being a rare gas, typically does not react with other elements. While not strictly necessary, stronger filtration can be achieved using two or more layers of graphene membranes to separate oxygen from these elements, but these membranes will have smaller pores or perforations.

[0072] Separation can be achieved without significantly increasing pressure.

[0073] The system can use oxygen, nitrogen, or pressure sensors and microprocessors to control the operation of compressors, vacuum pumps, etc., based on demand or signals, and determine the pressure or total flow rate.

[0074] In buildings or residences, the system can be set to filter periodically for about ten minutes every half hour.

[0075] The total oxygen supplied to users typically ranges from 21% to 40%, depending on the user's condition, whether they are a patient, and whether it is used in a home, workplace, or other enclosed space. The remainder is mostly nitrogen. In some cases, these increases are simply to compensate for increases in carbon dioxide and water vapor produced by breathing or other reasons. For patients with severe respiratory problems, these doses may be increased. One method used at home involves drawing air in via a pump through a fiberglass or polymer pre-filter. It is then fed into a regulating valve that adjusts the oxygen level at the air filter's oxygen molecule level, as well as the amount of air received through a bypass, and is discharged into the room at a ratio of approximately 25-30% oxygen to 70-75% nitrogen.

[0076] After some warehouses are emptied, they can be treated with excess nitrogen to reduce or prevent fires, insects, and rodents.

[0077] Oxygen-air flow can be applied to air conditioning systems.

[0078] In some cases, the intake air can be heated or cooled.

[0079] The nanopores or pores on graphene sheets are created using an ultraviolet-induced oxidation etching process.

[0080] With current technology, ultraviolet light with wavelengths of 185 nm and 254 nm is used to create pores with diameters less than one nanometer. The pore size can be adjusted according to the gas to be separated. The pore size will be slightly smaller than the gas molecules we want to repel (such as nitrogen). Ultraviolet light produces oxidation perforation, forming a molecular sieve. Creating a two-dimensional molecular sieve is necessary. The width of the slits is the same as the pore size.

[0081] Problems to be solved

[0082] Low or insufficient oxygen levels in the home due to stale air, overcrowding, or poor ventilation can be addressed by continuously or periodically introducing small amounts of air or oxygen into the room. Low pressure issues caused by altitude can be resolved by increasing the pressure to atmospheric pressure at sea level, or even by using slightly higher pressure.

[0083] The system for controlling and regulating the pressure and ratio of oxygen and nitrogen in a confined space uses an air supply system, and its features include:

[0084] a) A system that draws air from the outside through pipes.

[0085] b) Air pumps, compressors, fans, or ventilators driven by electric motors.

[0086] c) Air pre-filters for suspended particles from glass or polymer fibers.

[0087] d) Molecular filter to separate oxygen and nitrogen (other gases are not important).

[0088] e) Oxygen or an oxygen compressor,

[0089] f) Nitrogen or nitrogen ratio meter,

[0090] g) Air, oxygen, or nitrogen flow regulator,

[0091] h) A mixing valve that controls the oxygen-nitrogen ratio.

[0092] i) Pressure relief valves or safety valves that limit space pressure, and

[0093] j) The microprocessor receives signals from the control panel or mobile phone regarding the oxygen or oxygen ratio, nitrogen, or the system measures the nitrogen ratio, pressure, and indoor / outdoor temperature in the room. It calculates and applies these parameters by driving air pumps or compressors, flow or pressure regulating valves, oxygen and nitrogen mixing valves, flow or pressure limiting valves, safety valves, and visual and audible alarms.

[0094] An oxygen filter will be used, preferably a hollow fiber filter.

[0095] In cases requiring rapid flow or the use of multi-layer filters, a booster pump or suction pump is needed to apply a small pressure differential. This can be achieved using alternative energy sources.

[0096] The air is filtered to remove oxygen, and helium, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, and water vapor are separated along with it; these gases have relatively small kinetic diameters. Except for Ar (which makes up 0.9% of air), the other elements are present in trace amounts, but since radon is a rare gas, it does not affect the process. High pressure is not required for the separation.

[0097] The kinetic diameter of the O2 molecule is smaller, at 132 pm, while that of the N2 molecule is 146 pm.

[0098] The simplest solution is to apply a molecular filter in parallel or in series with the air intake. This will partially increase the oxygen concentration, but that may be sufficient.

[0099] Pressure relief valves are installed in the room walls to prevent overpressure.

[0100] When multiple rooms in the same building are pressurized simultaneously, these rooms can be pressurized independently or connected to each other, taking into account which rooms require higher ventilation or oxygen, such as bedrooms.

[0101] An increase in pressure may or may not be accompanied by an increase in oxygen concentration.

[0102] Stress changes should be avoided, as they can cause bone pain. Attached Figure Description

[0103] Figure 1 The diagram shows a floor plan and a partial cross-section of the building, demonstrating a method of applying pressure.

[0104] Figure 1a The barometers typical of the Dead Sea coast are displayed.

[0105] Figure 2 The curve shows how comfort level changes with pressure.

[0106] Figure 3 The curve shows how comfort levels change with the amount of oxygen used.

[0107] Figure 4 and Figures 6 to 9 The illustrations, elevations, and partial sections of the residence are shown, along with variations of the invention system.

[0108] Figure 5 The floor plan and partial section of the residence are displayed.

[0109] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the orderly grouping of air components during the filtration process is presented.

[0110] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a membrane consisting of two atomic layers with filter perforations is shown.

[0111] Figure 12 The diagram shows a schematic, perspective view, and cross-sectional view of the hollow fiber component used for air filtration.

[0112] Figure 13 A schematic diagram and cross-sectional view show the hollow fiber section used for air filtration.

[0113] Figure 14 The diagram shows a hollow fiber membrane module used for filtration, along with a perspective view and a partial cross-sectional view.

[0114] Figure 15 A partial perspective view of a membrane portion consisting of multiple laterally connected nanotubes is shown.

[0115] Figure 16 A block diagram of the invention system is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0116] Figure 1The room (11) is shown to be inhabited by atmospheric air entering through a particulate filter (3p), drawn in and driven by a pump or compressor (2) (possibly a fan), and powered by an electric motor. For example, the pressure in the bedroom is approximately 1100 mbar, the pressure in the adjacent room is approximately 1060 or 1050 mbar, and the pressure in the last room is 1030 mbar, which is then discharged to the outside through a pressure relief valve (7). These values ​​may be further increased after further research. Room partitions or doors are equipped with pressure or flow control valves (8). (1060 mbar is approximately the pressure along the Dead Sea coast, which is 427 meters below sea level.)

[0117] Figure 1a This shows the typical atmospheric pressure along the Dead Sea coast as it varies with time and season.

[0118] Figure 2 It displays comfort, well-being, disease resistance, etc., with the horizontal axis providing an overview. Here, (n) represents the normal value of standard atmospheric pressure, as a function of the applied curve. In this case, the pressure is limited by the strength of the windows and doors.

[0119] Figure 3 It displays comfort, well-being, disease resistance, etc., on the horizontal axis. Here, (n) represents the normal value of standard pressure, and 25% oxygen is a function of the applied curve. The curve has a dashed section starting from point (z), which is a danger zone and can only be used briefly.

[0120] Figure 4 An example of the invention is shown, located on the side of a type A partial fault dwelling (11). Atmospheric air enters through a particulate filter (3p) and is drawn in and pumped by a pump or compressor (2) driven by an electric motor, and then sent to a molecular sieve (3m). The outlet air (O2) is partially or completely filtered and mixed with the air from the bypass (4) in a regulated manner through a mixing valve (5), and a small amount of oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2) mixture is released into the dwelling according to the proportion selected by the mixing valve (5). The operation of the compressor can be fixed or programmed by electrical devices; its flow rate can also be adjusted as needed or adjusted by a microprocessor. The installation outside the dwelling must be protected by a cover.

[0121] Figure 5 This depicts a segmented dwelling (11) where atmospheric air enters from the street via a particulate filter (3p) and is drawn in by an electric pump or compressor (2). The air passes through a molecular filter (3m), whose outlet is fully or partially filtered before mixing with air drawn in from a bypass (4), and is regulated by a mixing valve (5) to release a small amount of oxygen-nitrogen mixture into the dwelling in proportion selected by the valve (5). The operation of the pump or compressor can be fixed or programmed by electrical devices; its flow rate can also be regulated as needed or programmed using a microprocessor. A discharge valve or pressure relief valve (7) prevents safety pressure from exceeding limits. Fences or mesh can be installed to prevent small animals from entering.

[0122] Figure 6 The house (11) draws in air from the street through a particulate filter (3p) and is then drawn in by an electric pump or compressor (2) and then through a molecular filter (3m). The outlet of this filter, whether fully or partially filtered, provides and increases oxygen.

[0123] Figure 7 The residential building (11) is shown to draw in street air via a particulate filter (3p), which is then drawn in by an electric pump or compressor (2) and then through a molecular filter (3m). The outlet of this filter, whether fully or partially filtered, provides and increases nitrogen (N2). This is primarily used in commercial premises and warehouses where these areas are not elevated to prevent fire and insect infestation.

[0124] Figure 8 The house (11) draws in air from the street through a particulate filter (3p) and is then fed fresh, clean air by an electric fan (2F). Slightly increasing the pressure prevents dust, insects, mosquitoes, and other pollutants from entering. Fences can also be installed to prevent animals from entering.

[0125] Figure 9 The house (11) is exposed to atmospheric air entering from the street through a particulate filter (3p). This air is drawn in by an electric pump or compressor (2), slightly increasing the pressure inside the house. This pressure is controlled by a microprocessor and limited by a pressure relief valve. The increase in pressure simultaneously increases the oxygen content.

[0126] exist Figure 4-8 The house shown can be pressurized with either oxygen or nitrogen simultaneously.

[0127] Figure 10 A series of elements, which are components of air, are shown separated by a molecular filter membrane (4) containing multiple nanopores, each no larger than 3.5 Å, arranged approximately according to their dynamic diameters. On the right, in addition to the applied atmospheric air, unfiltered elements N2, N2O, CO, CH4, C2H4, and Xe are shown, with dynamic diameters of (3.64 Å, 3.71 Å, 3.76 Å, 3.8 Å, 3.9 Å, and 3.96 Å), all larger than the diameter of the filter's nanopores. On the left side of the filter membrane, filtered elements O2, Ar, CO2, NO, H2, H2O, and He are separated and stored. Their dynamic diameters are (3.46 Å, 3.4 Å, 3.3 Å, 3.17 Å, 2.89 Å, 2.65 Å, and 2.6 Å), all smaller than the diameter of the filter's nanopores.

[0128] Figure 11A portion of a membrane or filter consisting of two atomic layers is shown, with pores (23) formed using a laser beam. More than two atomic layers can be used.

[0129] Figure 12 This shows a portion of the hollow fiber. Air enters from one end, while oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water exit from the sides and radially. N2, being larger and not penetrating the membrane, passes through and exits from the other end.

[0130] Figure 13 A portion of the hollow fiber is shown (20). With Figure 3 Similar, but showing the participating elements. Air enters from one end, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water exit through the membrane laterally and radially, while nitrogen, due to its larger volume, exits from the other end and cannot penetrate the membrane.

[0131] Figure 14 A hollow fiber membrane module (24) is shown. Air enters from one end, and O2, CO2 and H2O pass through the membrane group (21) laterally and radially, while N2, which is larger, exits from the other end and cannot penetrate the membrane.

[0132] Figure 15 This shows a portion of a membrane or filter screen formed by the lateral connection of nanotubes (22). The inner diameter of the nanotubes is 0.35 nm, and internal filtration is performed, allowing oxygen to pass through while blocking nitrogen.

[0133] Figure 16 The display microprocessor (1) receives information from the control panel, mobile phone, the amount or proportion of oxygen in the room, the amount or proportion of nitrogen in the room, the room pressure, and the indoor and outdoor temperatures. It processes and applies this information by driving an air pump or compressor, a flow or pressure regulating valve, an oxygen and nitrogen mixing valve, a flow or pressure limiting valve, a safety valve, and visual and audible alerts.

Claims

1. A system for controlling and regulating the pressure and ratio of oxygen and nitrogen in a confined space, the system employing an intake or intake system, characterized in that... include: a) A device that draws in air from the outside through a pipe; b) Air pumps, compressors, fans, or ventilators driven by electric motors; c) An air pre-filter (3p) made of glass fiber or polymer fiber to filter suspended particles; d) Molecular filter (3m) for separating oxygen and nitrogen; e) Oxygen or oxygen proportioner; f) Nitrogen or nitrogen proportioner; g) Air, oxygen, or nitrogen flow regulator; h) A mixing valve (5) used to control the oxygen-nitrogen ratio; i) Pressure relief valves or safety valves (7) used to limit pressure in confined spaces; and j) A microprocessor (1) for receiving signals from a control panel or mobile phone, the signals relating to oxygen or oxygen ratio in a confined space, room or cavity, nitrogen or nitrogen content, nitrogen ratio in a container, pressure in a container, and external and indoor temperatures, processing and applying this information to drive pumps, fans or air compressors to control flow or pressure regulating valves, oxygen and nitrogen mixing valves, flow or pressure limiting valves, pressure relief valves or safety valves, and light and sound alarms.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, Pressure relief valves or vent valves are used to prevent excessive pressure in enclosed spaces.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein a hollow fiber molecular-level separation filter is preferably used.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein only filtered oxygen is introduced into the enclosed space.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein only external atmosphere is introduced into the enclosed space.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein oxygen and nitrogen are introduced into the enclosed space in a predetermined ratio.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein, Nitrogen obtained through filtration is only introduced into enclosed spaces when no one is living in them.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The microprocessor drives the oxygen and air mixing valve (5).

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The microprocessor controls the ratio of oxygen to nitrogen.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The pump or compressor (2) or fan (2f) operates by drawing air from the outside.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein, Different pressures are applied to different rooms in the house, with higher pressures or oxygen concentrations applied to bedrooms or areas that are used more frequently.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein, Pressure or airflow limiting valves (8) are installed on partitions or doors between different enclosed spaces, rooms or chambers.

13. The system of claim 1, comprising a grille or mesh cover to prevent insects and animals from entering the external air inlet.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressure applied to the confined space is from 1013.2 to 1200 millibars.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the percentage of oxygen applied to the confined space is 21% to 40%.

16. The system of claim 1, wherein the percentage of nitrogen applied to the confined space is 78% to 100%.

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