Battery management device and operating method thereof

Abstract

A battery management apparatus according to an embodiment disclosed herein includes: a data acquisition unit configured to acquire degradation score data including a stored degradation score based on a state of charge (SOC) and a temperature of a battery of each of a plurality of vehicles, and state data of the battery; and a controller configured to calculate a first score related to a cyclic degradation degree of a target battery in a discharge section of the target vehicle, the target battery being a battery of a target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles, based on the state data; calculating a second score related to the storage degradation degree of the target battery in the discharge interval of the target vehicle according to the state data and the degradation score data of the target battery; and managing a state of the target battery by calculating a stress score of the target battery according to the first score and the second score.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0146719, filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on October 30, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The embodiments disclosed herein relate to battery management devices and methods of operation thereof. Background Technology

[0003] In recent years, research and development of rechargeable batteries has been actively underway. In this article, rechargeable / dischargeable rechargeable batteries can include all traditional nickel-cadmium (Ni / Cd) batteries, nickel-metal hydride (Ni / MH) batteries, and more recently, lithium-ion batteries. In recent years, lithium-ion batteries, as the next-generation energy storage medium, have received considerable attention as their application expands to power electric vehicles.

[0004] Electric vehicles are powered by external electricity to charge battery cells / modules, which then discharge to drive the motor for power. During production and use, battery cells / modules undergo various charge-discharge cycles, resulting in internal deformation and degradation, leading to changes in their physical and chemical properties. A technology is needed to diagnose and manage operational problems in battery cells / modules caused by battery degradation and deterioration.

[0005] Battery degradation can be caused by both cycle degradation and storage degradation. Both cycle degradation and storage degradation can occur during battery use and storage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical issues The embodiments disclosed herein aim to provide a battery management device and its operating method, wherein the degree of battery degradation, including cycle degradation and storage degradation, can be calculated to manage the degradation state of the battery.

[0007] The embodiments disclosed herein aim to provide a battery management device and its operating method, wherein a calculated degree of battery degradation can be provided to a user to manage battery degradation.

[0008] The technical problems addressed by the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to those described above. Through the following description, those skilled in the art will clearly understand other unmentioned technical problems.

[0009] Technical solution A battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein includes: a data acquisition unit configured to acquire degradation score data including storage degradation score based on the state of charge (SOC) and temperature of the battery in a plurality of vehicles, and battery state data; and a controller configured to calculate, based on the state data, a first score relating to the degree of cyclic degradation of a target battery in the discharge range of a target vehicle, the target battery being the battery of the target vehicle in the plurality of vehicles; calculate, based on the state data and degradation score data of the target battery, a second score relating to the degree of storage degradation of the target vehicle in the discharge range of the target vehicle; and manage the state of the target battery by calculating a stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the apparatus, the state data may include at least one of the following: battery voltage, current, power, temperature, state of charge (SOC), and discharge time.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the apparatus, the controller may also be configured to calculate a first score based on the electrical energy and current consumed by the target battery within the discharge range.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the apparatus, the controller may further be configured to calculate a second score based on a weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery, wherein the weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery is calculated using the duration of the target battery at each state of charge and temperature in the discharge range as weight values.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the apparatus, the controller may also be configured to normalize the first score and the second score, and calculate the stress score of the target battery based on the normalized first score and the second score.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the apparatus, the controller may also be configured to standardize the first score by dividing the difference between the average of the first scores of each of the plurality of vehicles that are of the same model as the target vehicle and the first score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the first scores of each of the plurality of vehicles that are of the same model as the target vehicle.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the apparatus, the controller may also be configured to standardize the second score by dividing the difference between the average of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles and the second score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the apparatus, the controller may also be configured to calculate the stress score of the target cell by applying a weight ratio of cyclic degradation and storage degradation to a standardized first score and a standardized second score, respectively.

[0017] The battery management method according to the embodiments disclosed herein includes: acquiring degradation score data including a storage degradation score based on the SOC and temperature of the battery in each of a plurality of vehicles and battery state data; calculating a first score related to the degree of cycle degradation of a target battery in the discharge range of a target vehicle, the target battery being the battery of the target vehicle in the plurality of vehicles, based on the state data; calculating a second score related to the degree of storage degradation of the target vehicle in the discharge range based on the state data and degradation score data of the target battery; and managing the state of the target battery by calculating a stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the method, the state data may include at least one of the following: battery voltage, current, power, temperature, state of charge (SOC), and discharge time.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the method, the calculation of the first score may include calculating the first score based on the electrical energy and current consumed by the target battery within the discharge range.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the method, the calculation of the second score may include: calculating the second score based on a weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery, wherein the weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery is calculated using the duration of the target battery at each state of charge and each temperature in the discharge range as weight values.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the method, the battery management method may further include: standardizing the first score and the second score, and calculating the stress score of the target battery based on the standardized first score and the second score.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the method, the standardization of the first score may include: standardizing the first score by dividing the difference between the average of the first scores of each of the multiple vehicles that are of the same model as the target vehicle and the first score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the first scores of each of the multiple vehicles that are of the same model as the target vehicle.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the method, the standardization of the second score may include: standardizing the second score by dividing the difference between the average of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles and the second score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the method, the battery management method may further include calculating the stress score of the target battery by applying a weighted ratio of cycle degradation and storage degradation to a standardized first score and a standardized second score, respectively.

[0025] Beneficial effects The battery management device and its operating method according to the embodiments disclosed herein can calculate the degree of degradation of the battery, including cycle degradation and storage degradation, in order to manage the degradation state of the battery.

[0026] The battery management device and its operating method according to the embodiments disclosed herein can provide users with a calculated degree of battery degradation in order to manage battery degradation.

[0027] In addition, various effects identified directly or indirectly through this article may be provided. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A system including a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein is shown.

[0029] Figure 2 A battery pack according to an embodiment disclosed herein is shown.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a view showing degradation score data according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a configuration block diagram of a battery management device according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a view used to describe the output operation of a battery management device according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0033] Figure 6 This is an operation flowchart of a battery management device according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a block diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of a computing system for performing an operation method of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein.

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention Various embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these descriptions are not intended to limit the present disclosure to the specific embodiments, but should be construed as including various modifications, equivalents, and / or alternatives to the embodiments according to the present disclosure.

[0036] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein and the terminology used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described herein to the technical features disclosed in the specific embodiments herein, but rather to include various changes, equivalents, or substitutions to the corresponding embodiments. In the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to refer to similar or related elements. It should be understood that the singular form of a noun corresponding to something may include one or more things, unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0037] As used herein, each of the phrases such as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B or C,” “at least one of A, B and C,” and “at least one of A, B or C” may include any one of the items listed in the corresponding phrase or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as “first,” “second,” “first,” “second,” “A,” “B,” “(a),” or “(b)” may be used simply to distinguish one component from another without otherwise limiting the component (e.g., in terms of importance or order), unless otherwise stated.

[0038] Here it should be understood that when referring to a component (e.g., the first component) as “connected,” “coupled,” or “linked” to another component (e.g., the second component), or as “coupled to” or “connected to” another component (e.g., the second component), whether or not the terms “operationally” or “communically” are used, it means that the component can be connected to the other component directly (e.g., wired), wirelessly, or through a third component.

[0039] According to embodiments of this disclosure, methods according to various embodiments of this disclosure may be included in and provided in a computer program product. This computer program product can be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., a compact disc read-only memory, CD-ROM), or distributed online through an app store (e.g., downloaded or uploaded), or distributed directly between two user devices. In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be stored at least temporarily in a machine-readable storage medium (such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an app store's server, or a relay server), or may be temporarily generated.

[0040] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, each of the above components (e.g., modules or programs) may include a single entity or multiple entities, some of which may be individually disposed on other components. According to various embodiments of this disclosure, one or more of the above components or operations may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or additionally, multiple components (e.g., modules or programs) may be integrated into a single component. In this case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the multiple components in the same or similar manner as the corresponding components in the multiple components prior to integration. According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the operations performed by modules, programs, or other components may be performed sequentially, in parallel, repeatedly, or heuristically, or may be performed in a different order, or one or more operations may be omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0041] Figure 1 A system including a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein is shown. Figure 2 A battery pack according to an embodiment disclosed herein is shown. Figure 3 This is a view showing degradation score data according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 The system may include multiple vehicles 10, 20 and 30, battery packs 100, 200 and 300 respectively included in the multiple vehicles 10, 20 and 30, server 40 and battery management device 50.

[0043] According to one embodiment, the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 may include electric, electronic, or mechanical vehicles operated by power supplied by battery packs 100, 200, and 300, respectively. For example, the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 may include electric vehicles (EVs) and / or two-wheeled electric vehicles. Although Figure 1 The number of vehicles 10, 20, and 30 is 3, but this disclosure is not limited to this. The number of vehicles 10, 20, and 30 can include n vehicles (n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2).

[0044] According to one embodiment, multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 may include vehicles of the same model. For example, multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 may be models of the same specifications produced by the same EV manufacturer. When multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 are of the same model, the specifications of the components (e.g., battery packs 100, 200, and 30, sensors, motors, acceleration devices, deceleration devices, etc.) included in each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 are similar, and the specifications (e.g., charging / discharging mechanisms, fuel efficiency, etc.) of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 are also similar. Therefore, the battery management device 50 can obtain consistent information from the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30, and improve the accuracy of battery diagnostics based on the obtained information.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 may consist of different vehicle models. For example, the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 may be different specifications of models produced by the same EV manufacturer. When the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 belong to different models, the battery management device 50 can obtain a larger quantity and more diverse range of information from the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. For example, the amount of information obtained by the battery management device 50 from different models of vehicles may exceed the amount of information obtained from vehicles of the same model, thereby quantitatively obtaining more information from the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. The battery management device 50 can obtain qualitatively diverse information from battery packs 100, 200, and 300 operating under various specifications or configurations according to different vehicle models.

[0046] According to one embodiment, battery packs 100, 200, and 300 may be disposed in vehicles 10, 20, and 30 to obtain battery-related information concerning the charging / discharging state or driving state of vehicles 10, 20, and 30. Battery-related information may include battery voltage information of vehicles 10, 20, and 30 during the charging or discharging phase, battery voltage information of vehicles 10, 20, and 30 during driving, etc. Reference will be made below. Figure 2 Detailed descriptions of battery packs 100, 200, and 300 are provided.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 The battery pack 100 may include a higher-level battery unit 110 and a battery management system (BMS) 120. The battery pack 100 may be included in the vehicle 10. For ease of description, Figure 2 The battery pack 100 included in vehicle 10 is shown, but the following description of the battery pack 100 also applies to the battery packs 200 and 300 included in vehicles 20 and 30.

[0048] The upper-level battery unit 110 can supply power to a target device (e.g., vehicle 10). For this purpose, the upper-level battery unit 110 can be electrically connected to the target device. Here, the target device can include electrical, electronic, or mechanical devices that operate by receiving power from the battery pack 100 including the upper-level battery unit 110. For example, the target device can be, but is not limited to, an electric vehicle (EV) or an energy storage system (ESS).

[0049] The upper-level battery unit 110 may include multiple battery units 111, 112, and 113. For example, when the upper-level battery unit 110 is a battery module, the multiple battery units 111, 112, and 113 may be multiple battery cells. For example, the multiple battery units 111, 112, and 113 may be lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, lithium-ion polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, nickel-hydrogen (Ni-MH) batteries, etc., but are not limited to these.

[0050] According to one embodiment, when the upper-level battery unit 110 is a battery module, the multiple battery units 111, 112, and 113 can be multiple battery banks. A battery bank can be a collection of multiple battery cells. For example, a battery bank can be a group of battery cells including n (n is at least a natural number of 2).

[0051] Although Figure 2 The diagram shows that the number of upper-level battery cells 110 is one, but this disclosure is not limited to this. The battery pack 100 may include n upper-level battery cells (n is a natural number of at least 2). In addition, some components may be excluded from the battery pack 100, or other common components may be included in the battery pack 100.

[0052] BMS 120 can manage and / or control the status and / or operation of upstream battery cell 110 and / or multiple battery cells 111, 112 and 113.

[0053] In the following text, for the convenience of describing the operation of BMS 120, each of the upper battery cell 110 and / or multiple battery cells 111, 112 and 113 may be referred to as battery cell 111, but may be applied substantially the same to the other battery cells 112 and 113 or upper battery cell 110.

[0054] According to one embodiment, BMS 120 can collect state data of battery cell 111 and manage the state of battery cell 111 based on the collected state data. According to one embodiment, BMS 120 can control the operation of battery cell 111 and manage the operation of battery cell 111 based on the controlled operation.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the BMS 120 can monitor the voltage, current, and / or temperature of the battery cell 111. Sensors or various measurement modules (not shown) for monitoring can be additionally installed at any location in the upstream battery cell 110, the charging / discharging path, or any of the multiple battery cells 111, 112, and 113.

[0056] According to one embodiment, BMS 120 can calculate battery state data related to the state of battery cell 111 based on measurements such as monitored voltage, current, and temperature. For example, battery information related to the state data of battery cell 111 may include at least one of state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), resistance, current cycle, power, and C-rate.

[0057] According to one embodiment, BMS 120 may also include on-board diagnostic (OBD) equipment. The OBD equipment includes not only OBD-I, OBD 1.5, and OBD-II, but also various devices for outputting status data of battery cell 111 to other devices (e.g., server 40 and / or battery management device 50). Operation of BMS 120 can also be implemented in various devices, such as servers, cloud platforms, chargers, charging / discharging equipment, etc., which are connected to the BMS in battery pack 100 or the vehicle equipped with BMS 120.

[0058] According to one embodiment, BMS 120 can transmit battery status data to server 40 and / or battery management device 50. According to one embodiment, the battery status data may include unique identification information of battery cell 111 and the aforementioned data about battery cell 111.

[0059] Refer again Figure 1 Server 40 can send and receive data with vehicles 10, 20, and 30 and battery management device 50. For example, server 40 can receive data about vehicles 10, 20, and 30 from BMS 120, and store and analyze the data to provide management services for vehicles 10, 20, and 30 or battery packs 100, 200, and 300.

[0060] According to one embodiment, server 40 can store data obtained from BMS 120 in a database. The data stored in the database can be used to analyze and / or manage the battery status of each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30.

[0061] According to one embodiment, server 40 can store various data used to manage the battery status of each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 in a database. For example, server 40 can store battery-related degradation score data. Here, degradation score data can refer to data including the stored degradation scores of the batteries of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 under various environments. For example, the stored degradation score can refer to data that scores the degree of battery degradation over time when the battery is maintained at a specific SOC and a specific temperature. Reference will be made below. Figure 3 Describe matters related to the degradation score data.

[0062] refer to Figure 3 Server 40 can calculate degradation score data through experiments. Here, degradation score data may refer to data including battery storage degradation scores based on SOC and temperature. According to one embodiment, degradation score data may include data that scores the degree of battery storage degradation occurring in each of multiple predetermined temperature ranges and multiple predetermined SOC ranges.

[0063] According to one embodiment, server 40 can calculate degradation score data based on stored degradation data. For example, server 40 can experimentally obtain storage degradation data for the battery in multiple temperature ranges (e.g., -20°C to -15°C, -15°C to -10°C, ..., 55°C to 60°C) and multiple SOC ranges (e.g., 0 to 5, 5 to 10, 10 to 15, ..., 95 to 100). Here, temperature ranges, SOC ranges, and range intervals are merely examples; server 40 can calculate degradation score data for any range with different range intervals. Server 40 can calculate the SOH (State of Health) for each range in multiple temperature ranges and multiple SOC ranges based on the stored degradation data, and adjust the calculated SOH ratio to a fraction between 0 and 100 to calculate the degradation score data.

[0064] Refer again Figure 1 The battery management device 50 can manage the status of batteries included in multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. (See below for reference.) Figure 4 Describe matters related to the operation of the battery management device 50.

[0065] Figure 4 This is a configuration block diagram of a battery management device according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0066] Reference Figure 4 The battery management device 50 may include a data acquisition unit 510 and a controller 520. However, it is not limited to this; the battery management device 50 may omit some components or may include other common components.

[0067] The data acquisition unit 510 can acquire the state data of the batteries included in each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. According to one embodiment, the data acquisition unit 510 can acquire the state data of the upper-level battery unit 110 and the multiple battery units 111, 112, and 113 (hereinafter referred to as batteries 110, 111, 112, and 113) included in each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. Here, the battery state data may include at least one of SOC, SOH, resistance, current cycle, power, and C-rate.

[0068] According to one embodiment, the data acquisition unit 510 can acquire state data of each battery 110, 111, 112, and 113 measured per unit time within a predetermined time period. Here, batteries 110, 111, 112, and 113 may include a parent battery unit 110 and multiple battery units 111, 112, and 113. According to one embodiment, the data acquisition unit 510 can continuously acquire information related to voltage rises and voltage drops of the parent battery unit 110 and multiple battery units 111, 112, and 113 during charging intervals, post-charging rest intervals, discharging intervals, and / or post-discharging rest intervals.

[0069] According to one embodiment, the data acquisition unit 510 can acquire battery state data of batteries 110, 111, 112, and 113 of multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 during their discharge intervals. Here, the discharge interval can include the interval in which batteries 110, 111, 112, and 113 are continuously in a discharge state. According to one embodiment, the discharge interval can also refer to an interval that includes one or more intervals in a discharge state and one or more intervals in a resting state.

[0070] According to one embodiment, the data acquisition unit 510 can acquire battery state data of batteries 110, 111, 112, and 113 of multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 during their driving periods. The data acquisition unit 510 can also acquire battery state data of batteries 110, 111, 112, and 113 during the non-driving periods of vehicles 10, 20, or 30. In this way, the battery management device 50 can calculate stress scores related to battery degradation based on the battery state data obtained under various battery discharge conditions.

[0071] The controller 520 can control the operation of the battery management device 50. The controller 520 can also manage the state of batteries 110, 111, 112, and 113 in each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can identify the degradation state of each battery 110, 111, 112, and 113 based on the state data of batteries 110, 111, 112, and 113 acquired by the data acquisition unit 510, and manage the state of each battery 110, 111, 112, and 113.

[0072] According to various implementation methods, batteries undergo multiple charge-discharge cycles during production and use, leading to internal deformation and degradation. Simultaneously, the battery experiences changes in its physical and chemical properties, resulting in degradation. For example, venting caused by internal or external short circuits and lithium deposition, or undervoltage defects where the cell voltage drops below a certain level, can affect battery degradation. Furthermore, various operating environments (such as temperature, SOC, C-rate, electrical energy, and fast charging / discharging) can also influence battery degradation.

[0073] According to one embodiment, factors affecting battery degradation can include cyclic degradation and storage degradation. Cyclic degradation refers to the degradation of the battery cells that occurs during charging or discharging, while storage degradation refers to the degradation of the battery cells over time when the battery is in a resting state after charging. On the other hand, cyclic degradation may occur when the battery is discharged within its discharge range, while storage degradation may occur when the battery is in a specific state (e.g., SOC, temperature, etc.) after discharge. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the degree of impact of cyclic degradation or storage degradation on battery degradation under various battery usage environments and manage the battery accordingly.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the battery management device 50 can calculate the stress score of batteries 110, 111, 112, or 113, which quantifies the degree of influence of various usage environments on the degradation of battery 110. Here, the battery management device 50 can calculate the stress scores of batteries 110, 111, 112, and 113 based on their cycle degradation and storage degradation. The battery management device 50 can manage the state of the batteries based on their stress scores.

[0075] According to one embodiment, controller 520 can calculate the stress fraction of a target battery (e.g., 110), which is a battery of a target vehicle (e.g., 10). Here, target battery can refer to the battery for which stress fraction calculation is performed, and target vehicle can refer to a vehicle that includes the target battery for which stress fraction calculation is performed.

[0076] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can determine the first fraction S. cycle Second fraction S storage At least one of the following is used to calculate the stress fraction of the target battery 110. Here, the first fraction S cycle The second score S refers to the score related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery 110 within the discharge range of the target vehicle 10. storage This refers to a score related to the degree of storage degradation of the target battery 110 within the discharge range of the target vehicle 10.

[0077] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can calculate a first fraction S of the target battery 110 based on the state data of the target battery 110. cycle Here, the state data may include at least one of the following: voltage, current, power, temperature, state of charge (SOC), and discharge time of the target battery 110. For example, the controller 520 may calculate a first fraction S based on at least one of the following: voltage, current, power, temperature, and SOC of the target battery 110. cycle .

[0078] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can calculate the first fraction S based on the electrical energy and current consumed by the target battery 110 during the discharge range. cycle On the other hand, the controller 520 can calculate a first score S related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery 110 based on a weighted average of the voltage changes. cycle The weighted average of voltage changes is calculated using the current change amplitude of the target battery 110 as the weight value. Here, the weighted average can refer to the average calculated by assigning the importance or influence of data values ​​as weight values ​​when calculating the arithmetic mean of the data.

[0079] According to various embodiments, when a specific SOC is discharged in the target battery 110, the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery 110 may vary depending on the magnitude of the discharge current. The degree of cycle degradation of the target battery 110 may also vary depending on the discharge temperature and the discharge SOC range of the target battery 110. For example, when the discharge current is strong, the discharge temperature is low, and the discharge SOC range is low (i.e., the SOC is low), the target battery 110 may experience more severe cycle degradation.

[0080] Therefore, the controller 520 can calculate the first cycle S related to the cyclic degradation of the target battery 110 based on the temperature and SOC of the target battery 110 during the discharge interval. cycleIn this way, the controller 520 can manage the cycle degradation level of the target battery 110 by scoring the degree of cycle degradation within the discharge range of the target battery 110. According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can calculate a first score S according to the following formula 1. cycle .

[0081] [Formula 1] S cycle =W / Q Here, S cycle W can refer to the first fraction of the target battery 110, W can refer to the amount of power consumed by the target battery 110 in the discharge range, and Q can refer to the amount of current consumed by the target battery 110 in the discharge range.

[0082] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can calculate a second score S of the target battery 110 based on the degradation score data and state data of the target battery 110. storage For example, the controller 520 can use the degradation score data and state data of the target battery 110 obtained by the data acquisition unit 510 to calculate the second score S. storage Here, the second fraction S storage This can refer to the storage degradation score based on the target battery 110's SOC and temperature state. This article has referenced... Figure 3 The degradation score data has been described, so it will not be repeated here.

[0083] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can calculate a second score S based on a weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery 110. storage The weighted average of the storage degradation scores is calculated using time within the discharge interval as weights. Here, time can refer to the time the target battery 110 maintains an arbitrary SOC and temperature state within the discharge interval. The weighted average can refer to the average obtained by assigning the importance or influence of data values ​​as weights when calculating the arithmetic mean of the data.

[0084] According to various embodiments, when the target battery 110 is maintained within a specific SOC range during the discharge period, the degree of storage degradation of the target battery 110 may vary depending on the SOC range. The degree of storage degradation of the target battery 110 may also vary depending on the predetermined temperature range maintained during discharge. For example, when the target battery 110 is maintained in a low SOC range and a high temperature range, more severe storage degradation may occur, while when the target battery 110 is maintained in a high SOC range and a low temperature range, more severe storage degradation may occur. Therefore, the controller 520 can calculate the degree of storage degradation by using the time the target battery 110 is maintained within the predetermined SOC range and the predetermined temperature range during the discharge period as a weighting value.

[0085] Therefore, the controller 520 can calculate the second score S based on the weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery 110. storage The weighted average of the storage degradation score is calculated using the duration of state of charge (SOC) and temperature of the target battery 110 within the discharge range as weight values. Thus, the controller 520 can manage the storage degradation level of the target battery 110 by scoring the degree of storage degradation within the discharge range.

[0086] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can standardize the first fraction S. cycle Second fraction S storage Here, standardization can refer to random statistical standardization methods. For example, the controller 520 can use methods such as average-standard deviation standardization, Z-score standardization, and range standardization to calculate the first standardized score Z. cycle and the standardized second score Z storage .

[0087] According to one implementation method, the first score S before standardization is... cycle Second fraction S storage These can be different score scales. Therefore, the controller 520 can adjust the score based on the first score S. cycle Second fraction S storage Standardization is performed to integrate different score levels in order to calculate the stress score. The controller 520 can standardize the first score S. cycle Second fraction S storage The first fraction S with different distributions cycle Second fraction S storageThey are integrated into a distribution with the same trend. In this way, the controller 520 can determine the distribution based on the standardized first score Z. cycle and the standardized second score Z storage Calculate stress fraction more reliably.

[0088] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can standardize the first score S based on different criteria. cycle Second fraction S storage For example, controller 520 can standardize the first score S based on vehicles of the same model as target vehicle 10 from among multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. cycle Vehicles of the same model as target vehicle 10 may include similar batteries. Therefore, a first score S is calculated based on vehicles of the same model as target vehicle 10. cycle The controller 520 can accurately normalize the first fraction S related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery 110. cycle .

[0089] On the other hand, the controller 520 can standardize the second fraction S according to multiple vehicles 10, 20 and 30. storage Here, the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 can include vehicles of the same model as the target vehicle 10, or vehicles of a different model. As described above, a second score S related to the storage degradation degree of the target battery 110 can be calculated based on storage degradation score data obtained by experimenting with any battery. storage Therefore, the second score S is calculated based on any type of vehicle (regardless of the model of the target vehicle 10). storage The controller 520 can accurately standardize the second score S associated with the storage degradation score of the target battery 110. storage .

[0090] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can standardize the first fraction S based on the average and standard deviation calculated for each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 that are of the same model as the target vehicle 10. cycle For example, controller 520 can use the first score S of each of multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 that is the same model as target vehicle 10. cycle The average value and the first score S of the target vehicle 10 cycle The difference between them, divided by the first score S of each vehicle of the same model as the target vehicle 10. cycle Standardized first score S based on standard deviation cycle According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can adjust the first fraction S according to the following formula 2. cycle Standardize it.

[0091] [Formula 2] Z cycle = (S cycle -m i cycle ) / (σ i cycle ) Among them, Z cycle It can refer to the first standardized fraction S. cycle S cycle It can refer to the first fraction, i can refer to a vehicle of the same model as the target vehicle 10, and m i cycle It can refer to the first score S calculated based on each vehicle of the same model as the target vehicle 10. cycle The average value, σ i cycle It can refer to the first score S calculated based on each vehicle of the same model as the target vehicle 10. cycle The standard deviation.

[0092] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can standardize the second fraction S based on the average and standard deviation calculated from multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. storage For example, controller 520 can use the second fraction S of each of multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. storage The average value and the second score S of the target vehicle 10 storage The difference between them is divided by the second fraction S of each of the 10, 20, and 30 vehicles. storage The standard deviation of the second score S storage Standardization is performed. According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can standardize the second fraction S according to the following formula 3. storage Standardize it.

[0093] [Formula 3] Z storage = (S storage - m storage ) / (σ storage ) Here, Z storage It can refer to the standardized second fraction S storage S storage It can refer to the second fraction, m storage The second fraction S can be calculated for multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. storage The average value, and σ storage The second fraction S can be calculated for multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. storage The standard deviation.

[0094] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can apply the weight ratios of cyclic degradation and storage degradation to the standardized first score Z, respectively. cycle and the standardized second score Z storage To calculate the stress fraction S of the target battery 110 stress For example, controller 520 can determine the effect of cyclic degradation and stored degradation on stress fraction S. stress The weight of the contribution. In this way, the controller 520 can determine a larger weight for the degradation effect on the target battery 110 between cyclic degradation and storage degradation. Therefore, the controller 520 can accurately calculate the stress fraction S of the target battery 110 by taking into account both cyclic degradation and storage degradation. stress .

[0095] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can calculate the stress fraction S by determining that the ratio of cyclic degradation to stored degradation is 1:1. stress The controller 520 can also determine whether the weight of cyclic degradation is greater than the weight of memory degradation, or whether the weight of memory degradation is greater than the weight of cyclic degradation.

[0096] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can apply a stress fraction S with a weight ratio of cyclic degradation and stored degradation. stress Perform scaling adjustments. Here, scaling adjustments can refer to adjusting the magnitude of the data. Therefore, the controller 520 can adjust the stress fraction S. stress The ratio is adjusted so that the stress fraction S calculated from the batteries 110 of each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30 is... stress The stress fractions are distributed within a predetermined fractional range. In this way, the controller 520 can control the stress fraction S. stress The distribution is then post-processed. Controller 520 can provide the user with a clearer view of the proportionally adjusted stress fraction S. stress .

[0097] The controller 520 can use any proportional adjustment method to proportionally adjust the stress fraction S. stress For example, controller 520 can proportionally adjust the stress fraction S based on the mean and standard deviation within a predetermined fractional interval. stress Among them, the stress fraction S calculated from the batteries 110 of each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20 and 30 stress The stress is expected to be distributed within the predetermined fraction range. According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can calculate the stress fraction S according to the following formula 4. stress .

[0098] [Formula 4] S stress = (k*(Z cycle) + (1 - k)*(Z storage ))*σ score + m score Among them, S stress It can refer to the stress fraction, k can refer to a constant between 0 and 1, and Z cycle It can refer to the standardized first score, Z. storage It can refer to the standardized second fraction, σ score It can refer to the standard deviation of a predetermined distribution interval, where the predetermined distribution interval refers to the stress fraction S calculated from the battery 110 of each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20, and 30. stress It will be distributed among them, m score It can refer to the average of a predetermined score range.

[0099] Figure 5 This is a view used to describe the output operation of a battery management device according to embodiments disclosed herein.

[0100] refer to Figure 5 The controller 520 can output stress fraction S stress The relevant stress score information 610 is shown in 600. Here, the stress score information 610 may include recent stress score items of the target battery 110, items compared with other users, past stress score changes, etc. The stress score information 610 is not limited to this and may also include various other information. For example, the controller 520 can determine the stress score based on the stress score S. stress Output action guidelines for delaying the degradation of target battery 110.

[0101] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can output stress fraction S based on the user's input. stress The input during this period provides detailed scores related to the cyclic degradation of the target battery 110 (e.g., the first score S). cycle Or standardized first score Z cycle ) and scores associated with storage degradation (e.g., second score S) storage Or standardized second score Z storage ).

[0102] Through stress fraction S stress Users can intuitively analyze whether the usage environment or habits of the target battery 110 have a positive or negative impact on its degradation. Therefore, users can determine the stress fraction S of the target battery 110 based on this information. stress To set up a suitable usage plan.

[0103] According to one embodiment, the controller 520 can provide information about the stress fraction S to the user terminal via a communication unit (not shown). stressInformation, and can also be provided via displays included in vehicles, chargers, etc., regarding stress fraction S. stress Information.

[0104] Figure 6 This is an operation flowchart of a battery management device according to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0105] Figure 6 The operation shown can be performed by Figure 1 The battery management device 50 performs the operation. The operations in the following embodiments may be performed sequentially, but not necessarily sequentially. For example, the order of operations may be changed, and at least two operations may be performed in parallel. According to one embodiment, at least one of the following operations may be omitted.

[0106] refer to Figure 6 In operation S101, the battery management device 50 acquires degradation score data, including storage degradation score based on the SOC and temperature of the battery in each of the multiple vehicles, and battery state data. In operation S102, based on the state data, a first score is calculated for the target vehicle's battery among the multiple vehicles as the degree of cycle degradation related to the target battery in the discharge range of the target vehicle. In operation S103, based on the target battery's state data and degradation score data, a second score related to the storage degradation degree of the target battery in the discharge range of the target vehicle is calculated. In operation S104, the state of the target battery is managed by calculating the stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score.

[0107] In operation S101, the data acquisition unit 510 of the battery management device 50 can acquire degradation score data and battery status data, the degradation score data including storage degradation score based on the SOC and temperature of the battery of each of the multiple vehicles 10, 20 and 30.

[0108] In operation S102, the controller 520 of the battery management device 50 can calculate a first fraction S related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery 110 (i.e., the battery of the target vehicle 10 among multiple vehicles 10, 20 and 30) in the discharge range based on the status data. cycle .

[0109] In operation S103, the controller 520 can calculate a second score S related to the storage degradation degree of the target battery 110 in the discharge range of the target vehicle 10 based on the target battery's state data and degradation score data. storage .

[0110] In operation S104, the controller 520 can determine the first fraction S. cycle Second fraction S storage Calculate the stress fraction S of the target cell 110stress To manage the state of target battery 110.

[0111] Figure 7 This is a block diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of a computing system for performing an operation method of a battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed herein.

[0112] refer to Figure 7 The computing system 2000 according to the embodiments disclosed herein may include a microcontroller unit (MCU) 2010, a memory 2020, an input / output interface (I / F) 2030, and a communication I / F 2040.

[0113] The MCU 2010 can be a processor that executes various programs stored in the memory 2020 (e.g., battery cell feature data collection program, latent variable extraction program, distribution generation program, battery cell diagnostic program, etc.). These programs process various information, including cell feature data and latent variables, and execute... Figures 1 to 6 The battery management device 50 shown above performs the aforementioned functions.

[0114] The memory 2020 can store various programs, such as cell characteristic data collection programs, latent variable extraction programs, distribution generation programs, and cell diagnostic programs. Furthermore, the memory 2020 can store various information about the cell, such as characteristic data and latent variables.

[0115] Multiple memory units 2020 can be configured as needed. Memory units 2020 can be volatile or non-volatile. For memory units 2020 used as volatile memory, random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), static RAM (SRAM), etc., can be used. For memory units 2020 used as non-volatile memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically alterable ROM (EAROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), flash memory, etc., can be used. The examples of memory units 2020 listed above are merely examples and are not limited to these.

[0116] The Input / Output I / F 2030 provides an interface for sending and receiving data by connecting input devices (not shown) such as keyboards, mice, and touch panels, and output devices (not shown) such as displays to the MCU 2010.

[0117] The communication I / F 2040 is a component capable of sending and receiving various data with a server, and can be any device capable of supporting wired or wireless communication. For example, the battery management device 50 can send and receive various information, including cell SOC, open circuit voltage (OCV), parameters, etc., from a separately provided external server via the communication I / F 2040.

[0118] Thus, the computer program according to the embodiments disclosed herein can be recorded in the memory 2020 and processed by the MCU 2010, thereby being implemented to execute... Figure 4 The module that provides the indicated function.

[0119] Although all components constituting the embodiments disclosed herein have been described above as operating in combination or as a unit, the embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the above-described embodiments / implementations. That is, within the scope of the purposes of the embodiments disclosed herein, all components can be operated by selectively combining them into one or more units.

[0120] Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, terms such as "comprising," "constituting," or "having" used above may indicate that the corresponding component is inherent to itself, and should therefore be understood to include other components rather than exclude them. Unless otherwise defined, all terms, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments disclosed herein pertain. Commonly used terms (e.g., terms defined in dictionaries) should be interpreted as having the same meaning as in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning unless explicitly defined herein.

[0121] The above description is merely illustrative of the technical ideas disclosed herein. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes without departing from the basic characteristics of the disclosed embodiments. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed herein are intended to illustrate, not limit, the technical ideas of the disclosed embodiments, and the scope of the disclosed technical ideas is not limited by these embodiments. The scope of protection of the technical ideas disclosed herein should be interpreted by the appended claims, and all technical ideas within the same scope should be understood to be covered by the rights of this application.

Claims

1. A battery management device, comprising: The data acquisition unit is configured to acquire degradation score data, including storage degradation score based on the state of charge (SOC) and temperature of the battery in each of the multiple vehicles, as well as the state data of the battery. as well as The controller is configured as follows: Based on the state data, a first score is calculated related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery in the discharge range of the target vehicle, wherein the target battery is the battery of the target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles; Based on the state data of the target battery and the degradation score data, a second score is calculated that relates to the degree of storage degradation of the target vehicle in the discharge range of the target vehicle; as well as The state of the target battery is managed by calculating the stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score.

2. The battery management device according to claim 1, wherein, The status data includes at least one of the following: battery voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC, and discharge time.

3. The battery management device according to claim 2, wherein, The controller is also configured to calculate the first score based on the electrical energy and current consumed by the target battery during the discharge range.

4. The battery management device according to claim 2, wherein, The controller is further configured to calculate the second score based on a weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery, wherein the weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery is calculated using the duration of each SOC and each temperature of the target battery in the discharge range as weight values.

5. The battery management device according to claim 1, wherein, The controller is also configured to: Standardize the first and second scores; and The stress score of the target battery is calculated based on the standardized first score and the standardized second score.

6. The battery management device according to claim 5, wherein, The controller is further configured to standardize the first score by dividing the difference between the average of the first scores of each of the plurality of vehicles that are of the same model as the target vehicle and the first score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the first scores of each of the plurality of vehicles that are of the same model as the target vehicle.

7. The battery management device according to claim 5, wherein, The controller is also configured to standardize the second score by dividing the difference between the average of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles and the second score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles.

8. The battery management device according to claim 5, wherein, The controller is also configured to apply the weight ratios of the cyclic degradation and the storage degradation to the standardized first score and the standardized second score, respectively, to calculate the stress score of the target battery.

9. A battery management method, comprising: Acquire degradation score data, including storage degradation score based on the state of charge (SOC) and temperature of the battery in each of the multiple vehicles, as well as the state data of the battery. Based on the state data, a first score is calculated related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery in the discharge range of the target vehicle, wherein the target battery is the battery of the target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles; Based on the state data of the target battery and the degradation score data, a second score is calculated that relates to the degree of storage degradation of the target vehicle in the discharge range of the target vehicle; as well as The state of the target battery is managed by calculating the stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score.

10. The battery management method according to claim 9, wherein, The status data includes at least one of the following: battery voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC, and discharge time.

11. The battery management method according to claim 10, wherein, The calculation of the first score includes calculating the first score based on the electrical energy and current consumed by the target battery within the discharge range.

12. The battery management method according to claim 10, wherein, The calculation of the second score includes calculating the second score based on a weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery, wherein the weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery is calculated using the duration of each state of charge and each temperature of the target battery in the discharge range as weight values.

13. The battery management method according to claim 9, wherein, Also includes: Standardize the first score and the second score; as well as The stress score of the target battery is calculated based on the standardized first score and the standardized second score.

14. The battery management method according to claim 13, wherein, The standardization of the first score includes: standardizing the first score by dividing the difference between the average of the first scores of each of the plurality of vehicles that are of the same model as the target vehicle and the first score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the first scores of each of the plurality of vehicles that are of the same model as the target vehicle.

15. The battery management method according to claim 13, wherein, The standardization of the second score includes: standardizing the second score by dividing the difference between the average of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles and the second score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles.

16. The battery management method of claim 13 further includes applying the weight ratio of the cycle degradation and the storage degradation to the standardized first score and the standardized second score, respectively, to calculate the stress score of the target battery.

Images