Energy storage device and energy system

Abstract

An energy storage device (200) and an energy system (300), the energy storage device (200) comprising two or more battery systems (2), each battery system (2) comprising a plurality of sub-battery systems (22); bidirectional converter modules (120), wherein the number of the bidirectional converter modules (120) is M1; the number of the sub-battery systems (22) is N, M1 bidirectional converter modules (120) are respectively connected with N / M1 sub-battery systems (22), and M1 and N are positive integers.

Description

Energy storage device and energy system

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to PCT International Application No. PCT / CN2024 / 086685, filed on April 8, 2024, entitled “Energy storage device and energy system,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage device and an energy system. BACKGROUND

[0004] Under the background of increasing support for the development of new energy technologies worldwide, various technologies related to energy storage have been widely applied. The performance of energy storage devices has a great influence on their development. However, the performance of current energy storage devices has deficiencies.

[0005] SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide an energy storage device and an energy system that can improve the energy density of the energy storage device.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides an energy storage device, comprising: two or more battery systems, each battery system comprising a plurality of sub-battery systems; M1 bidirectional current conversion modules, wherein M1 is the number of bidirectional current conversion modules; N is the number of sub-battery systems, and M1 bidirectional current conversion modules are connected to N / M1 sub-battery systems, respectively, wherein M1 and N are positive integers.

[0008] In the above embodiment, each sub-battery system can share a bidirectional current conversion module, which can reduce the demand for the number of bidirectional current conversion modules and the size requirement of the energy storage device.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the sub-battery system comprises: a plurality of battery clusters, each battery cluster comprising at least one battery, and the batteries in each battery cluster are arranged in the same row or the same column.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage device further comprises: a box body having a hollow structure; and a plurality of sub-battery systems in the battery system are arranged in the hollow structure.

[0011] In the above embodiments, one row or one column of batteries is divided into multiple battery clusters arranged side by side. On the one hand, this arrangement can better decompose a large-capacity energy storage device, i.e., can improve the energy density of the energy storage device. On the other hand, the size of the energy storage device can be made to a standard size, thereby reducing the transportation cost of the energy storage device. That is, the embodiments of the present application are conducive to the standardization of the energy storage device and the reduction of transportation cost. In addition, the temperature of each battery in each battery cluster is different. The more the number of batteries in a battery cluster, the greater the temperature difference of the batteries in the battery cluster, or the greater the distance between two batteries, the greater the temperature difference between the two batteries. In the embodiments of the present application, one row or one column of batteries is divided into multiple battery clusters arranged side by side. In this way, the number of batteries in each battery cluster is relatively reduced or the distance between different batteries is relatively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the temperature difference in the cluster and improving the efficiency of temperature management.

[0012] In optional embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises a control box, wherein the multiple battery clusters are electrically connected to the same control box.

[0013] In the above embodiments, the multiple battery clusters are electrically connected to the same control box, i.e., multiple branches are connected to one control box. On the one hand, this can reduce the number of wiring harnesses or structural components, thereby reducing costs and making installation and subsequent maintenance easier and faster. On the other hand, this can reduce the number of control boxes, thereby not only effectively reducing the cost of the energy storage device, but also reducing the space occupied by the control boxes inside the energy storage device, which can save the size space arrangement in the height direction of the box body.

[0014] In optional embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises a control box, wherein the multiple battery clusters are electrically connected to the same control box.

[0015] In the above embodiments, the multiple battery clusters are electrically connected to the same control box, i.e., multiple branches are connected to one control box. On the one hand, this can reduce the number of wiring harnesses or structural components, thereby reducing costs and making installation and subsequent maintenance easier and faster. On the other hand, this can reduce the number of control boxes, thereby not only effectively reducing the cost of the energy storage device, but also reducing the space occupied by the control boxes inside the energy storage device, which can save the size space arrangement in the height direction of the box body.

[0016] In optional embodiments, all the control boxes are arranged at the bottom of the multiple battery clusters, the bottom being below the multiple battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use; or all the control boxes are arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters of the multiple battery clusters; or all the control boxes are arranged at the top of the multiple battery clusters, the top being above the multiple battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use.

[0017] In the above embodiments, all the control boxes can be arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters. On the one hand, since the busbar components are usually arranged at the bottom, the control boxes can be more easily connected to the busbar components, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage device. On the other hand, it is convenient for the construction personnel to operate and maintain the control boxes. Arranging all the control boxes between at least two adjacent battery clusters of the plurality of battery clusters can effectively shorten the path of the connection lines between the control boxes and the corresponding battery clusters. Arranging all the control boxes at the top of the plurality of battery clusters, so that the control boxes can absorb the heat of the external environment, thereby reducing the possibility of the battery being exposed to the sun and reducing a series of adverse effects caused by the temperature rise of the battery, such as thermal runaway.

[0018] In optional embodiments, a part of the plurality of control boxes are arranged at the bottom or the top of the plurality of battery clusters, and the other part of the plurality of control boxes are arranged between two adjacent battery clusters of the plurality of battery clusters. The bottom is below the plurality of battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use. The top is above the plurality of battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use.

[0019] In the above embodiments, a part of the control boxes are arranged at the bottom or the top of the plurality of battery clusters, and the other part of the control boxes are arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters. In this way, the flexibility of the arrangement of the control boxes can be improved, so that the energy storage device can be applied to more scenes.

[0020] In optional embodiments, one control box includes the same number of control units as the number of electrically connected battery clusters, and the control units are used to control the corresponding battery clusters.

[0021] In the above optional embodiments, the number of control units included in one control box is set to be the same as the number of electrically connected battery clusters, so that the control box can control the corresponding battery clusters, thereby reducing the probability of control errors.

[0022] In optional embodiments, each battery cluster includes a plurality of batteries, and the energy storage device further includes a thermal management assembly connected to each battery in the plurality of battery clusters, for adjusting the temperature of each battery.

[0023] In the above embodiments, by arranging the thermal management assembly connected to each battery, the temperature of the battery can be regulated, the use safety of the energy storage device can be improved, and the service life of the battery can be improved.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the thermal management assembly comprises a liquid cooling unit, a main liquid inlet pipe connected to an outlet of the liquid cooling unit, a main liquid return pipe connected to an inlet of the liquid cooling unit, and a plurality of sub-pipes; the plurality of sub-pipes are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipe and the main liquid return pipe, and each of the plurality of sub-pipes is connected to each of the batteries, wherein the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit flows into the sub-pipes through the main liquid inlet pipe, and the cooling medium exchanges heat with the corresponding battery and then flows out of the sub-pipe to the main liquid return pipe and enters the liquid cooling unit.

[0025] In the above embodiment, the liquid cooling unit is connected to each battery through the main liquid inlet pipe, the main liquid return pipe, and the plurality of sub-pipes, achieving inter-cluster temperature control. Since a column of battery clusters or a row of battery clusters comprises a plurality of battery clusters, the path of the liquid cooling pipe through the batteries in each battery cluster is significantly shortened, the flow rate of the cooling medium is uniform, the temperature between the batteries in the cluster is further reduced, and the efficiency of the entire energy storage device is improved.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the thermal management assembly comprises a liquid cooling unit, a main liquid inlet pipe connected to an outlet of the liquid cooling unit, a main liquid return pipe connected to an inlet of the liquid cooling unit, and a plurality of sub-pipes; the plurality of sub-pipes are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipe and the main liquid return pipe, and each of the plurality of sub-pipes is connected to each of the batteries, wherein the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit flows into the sub-pipes through the main liquid inlet pipe, and the cooling medium exchanges heat with the corresponding battery and then flows out of the sub-pipe to the main liquid return pipe and enters the liquid cooling unit.

[0027] In the above embodiment, the liquid cooling unit is connected to each battery through the main liquid inlet pipe, the main liquid return pipe, and the plurality of sub-pipes, achieving inter-cluster temperature control. Since a column of battery clusters or a row of battery clusters comprises a plurality of battery clusters, the path of the liquid cooling pipe through the batteries in each battery cluster is significantly shortened, the flow rate of the cooling medium is uniform, the temperature between the batteries in the cluster is further reduced, and the efficiency of the entire energy storage device is improved.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the plurality of battery strings in each battery cluster are connected in series.

[0029] In the above embodiment, the voltage of the battery cluster can be increased by connecting the battery strings in series.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage device further comprises an electrical compartment, a first partition wall and a second partition wall, the electrical compartment is provided with electrical components; wherein the electrical components and the thermal management assembly are respectively arranged on two sides of the first partition wall, and the electrical components and the thermal management assembly are arranged on the same side of the second partition wall, and the plurality of batteries are arranged on different sides of the second partition wall from the electrical components and the thermal management assembly.

[0031] In the above embodiment, by arranging the first partition wall and the second partition wall, and arranging the electrical components and the thermal management assembly on two sides of the first partition wall, and arranging the electrical components and the thermal management assembly on the same side of the second partition wall, and arranging the plurality of batteries on the other side of the second partition wall, on the one hand, the area occupied by the energy storage device is reduced, and on the other hand, the electrical components and the thermal management assembly are separated from the plurality of batteries by the second partition wall, which is conducive to improving the stability of the battery compartment temperature and enabling the entire energy storage device to operate stably.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage device further comprises a battery rack, and the plurality of batteries are placed on the battery rack.

[0033] In the above embodiment, the energy storage device is provided with a battery rack for placing batteries, which facilitates the placement of batteries in the energy storage device, improves the stability of the batteries, and reduces the possibility of displacement or shaking of the batteries during transportation or movement of the energy storage device.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the sub-battery system comprises four columns of batteries, each column of batteries is divided into two battery clusters arranged side by side, each battery cluster comprises four batteries, and each battery comprises 104 battery monomers connected in series.

[0035] In the above embodiment, the arrangement of the battery clusters in the above technical solution is an arrangement of four columns and eight clusters, which can better decompose a large-capacity energy storage device of 6MWh. In addition, by limiting the number of battery monomers of the energy storage system, the capacity of the energy storage device can be standardized, facilitating production and manufacturing.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, further comprising: an insulation detection assembly, wherein one or more battery clusters are electrically connected to the same insulation detection assembly for monitoring the insulation state of the connected battery clusters.

[0037] In the above-mentioned embodiments, one or more battery clusters are electrically connected to the same insulation detection assembly, i.e., multiple branches converge into one insulation detection assembly. On the one hand, the number of wiring harness connections or structural components can be reduced, thereby reducing costs and making installation and subsequent maintenance easier and faster. On the other hand, the number of insulation detection assemblies can be reduced, thereby not only effectively reducing the cost of the energy storage device, but also reducing the space occupied by the insulation detection assembly inside the energy storage device, thereby saving the size space arrangement in the height direction of the box body. In addition, the insulation detection efficiency can be higher by implementing insulation detection of one or more battery clusters through one insulation detection assembly. In addition, the use safety of the energy storage device can be improved by monitoring the insulation state of the battery cluster through the insulation detection assembly.

[0038] In optional embodiments, the number of insulation detection assemblies is M3, each of the insulation detection assemblies is connected to M1 battery clusters, and M1 and M3 are both positive integers greater than one, wherein, represents the upward rounding of M2 / M3.

[0039] In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple battery clusters are respectively connected to different insulation detection assemblies, which can realize independent insulation detection of each battery cluster, reduce the influence of the insulation detection results between the battery clusters, and facilitate identification of the insulation condition of each battery cluster. In addition, it is relatively simple to implement that multiple battery clusters are respectively connected to different insulation detection assemblies.

[0040] In optional embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises a bidirectional current conversion module, and one or more battery clusters are electrically connected to the same bidirectional current conversion module.

[0041] In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple battery clusters are electrically connected to the same bidirectional current conversion module, i.e., multiple branches converge into one bidirectional current conversion module. On the one hand, the number of wiring harness connections or structural components can be reduced, thereby reducing costs and making installation and subsequent maintenance easier and faster. On the other hand, the number of bidirectional current conversion modules can be reduced, thereby not only effectively reducing the cost of the energy storage device, but also reducing the space occupied by the bidirectional current conversion module inside the energy storage device, thereby saving the size space arrangement in the height direction of the box body.

[0042] In optional embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises a bidirectional current conversion module, and the number of bidirectional current conversion modules is M1, the number of battery clusters is M2, and each bidirectional current conversion module is connected to M2 battery clusters, and M1 and M2 are both positive integers greater than one, wherein, represents the upward rounding of M2 / M1.

[0043] In the above embodiment, by arranging multiple bidirectional current conversion modules, each bidirectional current conversion module can be connected to one or more battery clusters, so that the battery clusters connected to different bidirectional current conversion modules can be controlled respectively, thereby making the control of the battery clusters more convenient.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, further comprising: a master control unit configured to monitor state information of the multiple battery clusters, the state information comprising one or more of current information, voltage information, power information, or temperature information.

[0045] In the above embodiment, by arranging one master control unit, the number of wiring harness connections or structural components can be reduced, thereby reducing costs, and installation and subsequent maintenance will also be easier and faster. On the other hand, the number of master control units can be reduced, thereby not only effectively reducing the cost of the energy storage device, but also reducing the space occupied by the master control unit inside the energy storage device, so that the size space arrangement in the height direction of the box body can be saved.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, one or more battery clusters constitute a sub-battery system; multiple sub-battery systems of the battery system are placed side by side along the length direction of the box body.

[0047] In the above embodiment, the battery clusters in the energy storage device can be divided into sub-battery systems, and each sub-battery system can have relatively independent functions. In addition, the sub-battery systems can be placed side by side along the length direction, which can facilitate the placement of the energy storage device in a height-limited area.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, multiple sub-battery systems of the battery system are placed stacked along the height direction of the box body.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the battery clusters in the energy storage device can be divided into sub-battery systems, and each sub-battery system can have relatively independent functions. In addition, the sub-battery systems can be placed stacked along the height direction, which can facilitate the placement of the energy storage device in a width-limited area.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, comprising: multiple sub-battery systems of the battery system are placed stacked along a first direction; two or more battery systems are placed side by side along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, comprising: multiple battery clusters of the sub-battery system are arranged in a matrix array manner along the length direction of the box body and the height direction of the box body.

[0052] In the above-mentioned embodiments, the arrangement of the battery clusters in the sub-battery system can be adjusted according to the actual arrangement site, and the battery clusters can be arranged in a matrix array, so that the arrangement of the energy storage device is more flexible.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage device further comprises: insulation detection assemblies, the number of the insulation detection assemblies being the same as the number of the sub-battery systems, and the insulation detection assemblies being connected to the sub-battery systems one by one.

[0054] In the above-mentioned embodiments, one insulation detection assembly can be connected to each sub-battery system, so that the insulation detection of each sub-battery system can be performed individually.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, each sub-battery system and the connected bidirectional current conversion module form an independent high-voltage loop.

[0056] In the above-mentioned embodiments, each sub-battery system and the connected bidirectional current conversion module form an independent high-voltage loop, so that each sub-battery system can operate relatively independently, and the energy transmission path of each sub-battery system is independent, thereby making the energy storage system flexible to adapt to different application scenarios, and the adaptability of the energy storage device is higher.

[0057] In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy system, comprising: a plurality of energy storage devices according to any one of the above-mentioned embodiments; wherein a first wall of each of the plurality of boxes is provided with a box door, and the first wall is a side wall of each of the boxes away from an adjacent box.

[0058] In a third aspect, an energy storage system is provided, comprising: N sub-battery systems, one of the N sub-battery systems comprising one or more battery clusters, and the N sub-battery systems individually performing energy input or output, wherein N is an integer and N≥2; and one total control unit for monitoring state information of the N sub-battery systems, the state information comprising one or more of current information, voltage information, power information or temperature information.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage system further comprises: one bidirectional current conversion module, the N sub-battery systems being connected in parallel and connected to the one bidirectional current conversion module, N being an integer and N≥2; or N bidirectional current conversion modules, the N bidirectional current conversion modules being connected to the N sub-battery systems respectively, N being an integer and N≥2.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the N sub-battery systems comprise a first sub-battery system and a second sub-battery system, wherein the first sub-battery system comprises at least one battery cluster, the second sub-battery system comprises at least one battery cluster, and each battery cluster comprises at least one battery.

[0061] In an optional implementation, further comprising: 1 thermal management module, respectively used for adjusting the temperature of the N sub-battery systems.

[0062] In an optional implementation, the energy storage system comprises a plurality of sub-battery systems arranged side by side along the length direction of the energy storage system, each sub-system comprising one or more battery clusters, each battery cluster being connected in parallel, each battery cluster comprising a plurality of batteries connected in series.

[0063] In an optional implementation, each of the sub-battery systems comprises 2 columns of batteries, each column of batteries comprising 2 battery clusters connected in parallel, and the batteries in each battery cluster being connected in series.

[0064] In an optional implementation, the energy storage system comprises a plurality of sub-battery systems arranged side by side along the height direction of the energy storage system, each sub-system comprising one or more battery clusters, each battery cluster being connected in parallel, each battery cluster comprising a plurality of batteries connected in series.

[0065] In an optional implementation, further comprising: N insulation detection modules, respectively used for monitoring the insulation state of the N sub-battery systems.

[0066] In an optional implementation, further comprising: M1 bidirectional current conversion modules, respectively connected with the N / M1 sub-battery systems.

[0067] In a fourth aspect, a micro-grid system is provided, comprising the energy storage system in the third aspect or any implementation thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0068] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0069] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the external shape of an energy storage container according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG. 14a is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] FIG. 14b is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] FIG. 14c is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an energy system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG. 17a is a schematic diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG. 17b is a schematic diagram of another battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of yet another battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a microgrid system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0091] Icon: 100 - container; 120 - bidirectional conversion module; 121 - first bidirectional conversion module; 12N - Nth bidirectional conversion module; 130 - confluence device; 131 - first confluence device; 13N - Nth confluence device; 141 - master control unit; 151 - 1st cluster-level management unit; 15n - nth cluster-level management unit; N51 - 1st cluster-level management unit; N5m - mth cluster-level management unit; 161 - thermal management module; 171 - 1st master control box; 17n - nth master control box; N71 - 1st master control box; N7m - mth master control box; 180 - insulation detection assembly; 200 - energy storage device; 210 - box body; 2 - battery system; 22 - sub-battery system; 220 - battery cluster; 221 - battery; 222 - battery monomer; 21 - electrode assembly; 211a - first tab; 212a - second tab; 213 - pressure relief mechanism; 214 - electrode terminal; 214a - positive electrode terminal; 214b - negative electrode terminal; 23 - end cover assembly; 24 - connecting member; 25 - shell; 230 - control box; 231 - control unit; 240 - thermal management assembly; 241 - liquid cooling unit; 242 - main liquid inlet pipeline; 243 - main liquid return pipeline; 244 - sub-pipeline; 245 - self-sealing joint; 246 - main liquid inlet pipeline; 247 - main liquid return pipeline; 250 - electrical compartment; 251 - electrical component; 261 - first partition wall; 262 - second partition wall; 270 - battery compartment; 280 - battery rack; 300 - energy system; 400 - energy storage system; 1 - first sub-battery system; N - Nth sub-battery system; 500 - bus; 600 - energy management unit; 700 - micro-grid system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0092] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0093] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the accompanying drawings, and thus once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are merely used to distinguish descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0094] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product is usually placed during use, and are merely for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and thus cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the present application.

[0095] It should also be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0096] With the popularization and application of new energy such as solar energy and wind energy, energy storage technology develops accordingly, and the performance of energy storage devices has a great influence on its development.

[0097] The energy storage device can include one or more batteries. The battery can include a box body and one or more battery cells encapsulated by the box body. The plurality of battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid manner, wherein the hybrid manner refers to a mixture of series and parallel connection. In the embodiments of the present application, the battery can also be referred to as a battery pack or a battery module or a battery module.

[0098] The battery cell can be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The battery cell can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid, or other shapes, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0099] The battery cell generally includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) are embedded and extracted between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which can prevent the positive and negative electrodes from short-circuiting, and at the same time allow the active ions to pass through.

[0100] In some embodiments, the positive electrode can be a positive electrode tab, which can include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material arranged on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0101] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two opposite surfaces in the thickness direction of itself, and the positive electrode active material is arranged on any one or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.

[0102] As an example, the positive electrode current collector can employ a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, silver surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, a carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium, or the like can be employed. The composite current collector can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, or the like) on a polymer material base material (such as a base material of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, or the like).

[0103] As an example, the positive electrode active material can include at least one of lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and modified compounds of each thereof. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as a battery positive electrode active material can also be used. These positive electrode active materials can be used alone only one or two or more can be used in combination. Among them, examples of the lithium-containing phosphate can include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (may also be referred to as LFP)), a composite material of lithium iron phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), a composite material of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and a composite material of lithium manganese iron phosphate and carbon.

[0104] In some embodiments, the negative electrode can be a negative electrode tab, and the negative electrode tab can include a negative electrode current collector.

[0105] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can employ a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, silver surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, a carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium, or the like can be employed. The composite current collector can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, or the like) on a polymer material base material (such as a base material of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, or the like).

[0106] As an example, the negative electrode tab can include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0107] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite in the thickness direction thereof, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on any one or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0108] As an example, the negative electrode active material can employ a negative electrode active material for a battery cell known in the art. As an example, the negative electrode active material can include at least one of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, a silicon-based material, a tin-based material, lithium titanate, and the like.

[0109] In some embodiments, the negative electrode can employ a foamed metal. The foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloy, or foamed carbon, etc. When the foamed metal is used as the negative electrode tab, the surface of the foamed metal can be free of the negative active material, or can be provided with the negative active material.

[0110] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can also be filled or / and deposited with a lithium source material, potassium metal or sodium metal, the lithium source material being lithium metal and / or lithium-rich material.

[0111] In some embodiments, the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper.

[0112] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further comprises a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0113] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator film. The type of the separator film is not particularly limited in the present application, and any known porous structure separator film with good chemical stability and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0114] As an example, the main material of the separator film can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic.

[0115] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid-state electrolyte. The solid-state electrolyte is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and simultaneously functions as ion transmission and separation of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0116] In some embodiments, the battery cell further comprises an electrolyte, which functions as ion conduction between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The type of the electrolyte is not particularly limited in the present application, and can be selected according to the requirement. The electrolyte can be in a liquid state, a gel state, or a solid state.

[0117] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is in a roll structure. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are rolled into the roll structure.

[0118] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is in a stack structure.

[0119] As an example, a plurality of positive electrode tabs and a plurality of negative electrode tabs can be provided, respectively, and the plurality of positive electrode tabs and the plurality of negative electrode tabs are alternately and stacked.

[0120] As an example, a plurality of positive electrode tabs can be provided, and the negative electrode tab is folded to form a plurality of stacked folding sections, and one positive electrode tab is clamped between adjacent folding sections.

[0121] As an example, the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are both folded to form a plurality of stacked folding sections.

[0122] For example, the separators can be provided in plurality and arranged between any adjacent positive electrode tab or negative electrode tab.

[0123] For example, the separators can be provided in plurality and arranged between any adjacent positive electrode tab or negative electrode tab.

[0124] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly can have a cylindrical shape, a flat shape, or a polygonal shape.

[0125] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is provided with a tab, which can guide current out of the electrode assembly. The tab includes a positive tab and a negative tab.

[0126] Generally, only one battery cluster is arranged in one row or one column in the energy storage device. The energy density of the energy storage device is increasing year by year, and the single energy storage device can integrate 3MWh of electricity, and can integrate 4MWh, 5MWh or even 6MWh of electricity. With the increase of the capacity of the energy storage device and the capacity of the battery cell, the arrangement of the battery in the energy storage device can not meet the development trend of the energy storage device. Specifically, if the energy storage device needs to integrate a large amount of electricity, the capacity of the battery cell and the number of battery cells need to be increased. If the capacity and the number of battery cells are increased, the voltage of one battery cluster can exceed 1500V, thereby not meeting the voltage output requirement. In addition, the size of the current energy storage device is mostly non-standard size, which will affect the transportation cost to some extent.

[0127] Based on the above analysis, the embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device, which can realize greater energy density.

[0128] The energy storage device 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes two or more battery systems 2. Each battery system 2 includes a plurality of sub-battery systems 22, and a bidirectional current conversion module 120, and the number of bidirectional current conversion modules 120 can be M1. Wherein, M1 is a positive integer.

[0129] For example, the number of sub-battery systems 22 is N, and M1 bidirectional current conversion modules 120 are respectively connected with N / M1 sub-battery systems 22. N is a positive integer.

[0130] In the embodiment, each sub-battery system 22 can form an independent high-voltage loop with the connected bidirectional current conversion module.

[0131] In one example, as shown in FIG. 1, the energy storage device 200 can include three battery systems 2, each of which can include two sub-battery systems 22, and each of which can include two high-voltage loops. In the example shown in FIG. 1, when the three battery systems 2 share two bidirectional current modules 120, one bidirectional current module 120 can be connected to three sub-battery systems 22, that is, three independent high-voltage loops. In the three battery systems shown in FIG. 1, one bidirectional current module 120 can be connected to two sub-battery systems 22 of one battery system and one sub-battery system 22 of another battery system 2. That is, the first bidirectional current module 120 is connected to two sub-battery systems 22 of the first battery system and one sub-battery system 22 of the second battery system 2; the second bidirectional current module 120 is connected to the other sub-battery system 22 of the second battery system and two sub-battery systems 22 of the third battery system 2.

[0132] Each sub-battery system can include a plurality of battery clusters 220, and each battery cluster 220 can include a plurality of batteries 221. The batteries 221 in each battery cluster 220 are arranged in the same row or the same column.

[0133] In this embodiment, the energy storage device can further include a box 210. The box 210 is a hollow structure, and the plurality of battery clusters 220 contained in the sub-battery system can be arranged in the hollow structure. The batteries 221 in the same row or the same column are divided into a plurality of battery clusters 220 in parallel, and each battery cluster 220 includes at least one battery 221.

[0134] The arrangement of the battery clusters 220 in this embodiment can not only decompose a large-capacity energy storage device 200, that is, improve the energy density of the energy storage device 200, but also make the size of the energy storage device 200 standard, thereby reducing the transportation cost of the energy storage device 200. That is, the embodiment is conducive to the standardization of the energy storage device 200 and the reduction of transportation costs.

[0135] In addition, the temperature of each battery 221 in each battery cluster 220 can be the same or different. The more the number of batteries 221 in the battery cluster 220, the greater the temperature difference of the batteries 221 in the battery cluster 220 can be, or the greater the distance between two batteries 221, the greater the temperature difference between the two batteries 221 can be. In this embodiment, the batteries 221 in one row or one column are divided into a plurality of battery clusters 220 in parallel. In this way, the number of batteries 221 in each battery cluster 220 can be relatively reduced or the distance between different batteries 221 can be relatively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the temperature difference of the batteries 221 in the battery cluster 220 and improving the efficiency of temperature management.

[0136] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to energy storage devices 200 of various types and various sizes. Exemplarily, the energy storage device 200 can be an energy storage container 100 or an energy storage cabinet. In view of transportation of the energy storage container 100, the energy storage container 100 can be a standard-size container 100 of 40 feet, 20 feet, 10 feet, etc., or can also be a specific container 100 with a customized size. The batteries 221 contained in the energy storage container 100 include but are not limited to lithium batteries such as lithium iron phosphate batteries, lithium manganese batteries or lithium cobalt batteries, etc.

[0137] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an external shape of the energy storage device 200 as an energy storage container 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0138] As shown in FIG. 2, the energy storage container 100 can have a regular cuboid structure, facilitating fixed placement and transportation of the energy storage container 100. The interior of the energy storage container 100 is a hollow structure, which can include a battery compartment 270 to facilitate arrangement of a battery rack 280 in the battery compartment 270. In addition, in addition to the battery compartment 270, the interior of the energy storage container 100 can also be divided into multiple functional compartments according to actual needs, and each functional compartment is provided with other functional equipment components for managing or assisting operation of the batteries 221, such as busbar components, thermal management assemblies 240, etc.

[0139] FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an energy storage device 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The energy storage device 200 can be, for example, the energy storage container 100 shown in FIG. 2, or can also be an energy storage cabinet. As shown in FIG. 3, the energy storage device 200 can include a box body 210 and multiple batteries 221. The interior of the box body 210 is a hollow structure, and the multiple batteries 221 are arranged in the hollow structure. Batteries 221 in the same row or the same column are divided into multiple battery clusters 220 in parallel, and each battery cluster 220 includes at least one battery 221.

[0140] In the embodiments of the present application, the batteries 221 in the same row or the same column are divided into multiple battery clusters 220 in parallel, and the multiple battery clusters 220 are connected in parallel. This arrangement of the battery clusters 220 not only can better decompose a large-capacity energy storage device 200, but also can make the size of the energy storage device 200 a standard size, thereby reducing the transportation cost of the energy storage device 200. That is, the embodiments of the present application are beneficial to standardization of the energy storage device 200 and reduction of transportation cost.

[0141] In addition, the temperature of each battery 221 in each battery cluster 220 can be the same or not completely the same. The more the number of batteries 221 in the battery cluster 220, the greater the temperature difference of the batteries 221 in the battery cluster 220, or the greater the distance between two batteries 221, the greater the temperature difference between the two batteries 221. In an embodiment of the present application, one column or one row of batteries 221 is divided into multiple battery clusters 220 in parallel. In this way, the number of batteries 221 in each battery cluster 220 is relatively reduced or the distance between different batteries 221 is relatively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the temperature difference in the cluster and improving the efficiency of temperature management.

[0142] In an embodiment of the present application, one battery cluster 220 can correspond to one slave battery management unit (SBMU), and multiple battery clusters 220 can correspond to one master battery management unit (MBMU).

[0143] The energy storage device 200 can include one or more columns of batteries 221. One column of batteries 221 can be divided into at least one battery cluster 220 or multiple battery clusters 220 in parallel, and each battery cluster 220 includes at least one battery 221.

[0144] Alternatively, the energy storage device 200 can include one or more rows of batteries 221. One row of batteries 221 can be one battery cluster 220 or can be divided into at least multiple battery clusters 220 in parallel, and each battery cluster 220 includes at least one battery 221.

[0145] In an example, as shown in FIG. 3, the energy storage device 200 can include multiple batteries 221, which can be divided into four columns of batteries 221. Each column of batteries 221 can be divided into two battery clusters 220 in parallel, each battery cluster 220 can include four batteries 221, and each battery 221 can include 104 battery cells 222 connected in series.

[0146] In the above example, the arrangement of the battery cluster 220 in an embodiment of the present application can be a four-column eight-cluster arrangement, which can better decompose a large-capacity energy storage device 200 of 6MWh.

[0147] In an example, the energy storage device 200 can include multiple batteries 221, which can be divided into four rows of batteries 221. Each row of batteries 221 can be divided into two battery clusters 220 in parallel, each battery cluster 220 includes four batteries 221, and each battery 221 includes 104 battery cells 222 connected in series.

[0148] Of course, the capacity of the energy storage device 200 can vary based on the requirements, or the size of the energy storage device 200 can vary. The energy storage device 200 of the embodiments of the present application can also include other numbers of battery clusters 220. For example, the energy storage device 200 can also include 2 columns of batteries 221, and each column of batteries 221 can be divided into 4 battery clusters 220 arranged side by side. At this time, one battery cluster 220 can include 2 batteries 221, and each battery 221 can include 104 battery cells 222 connected in series. Alternatively, the energy storage device 200 can also include 1 column of batteries 221, and each column of batteries 221 can be divided into 8 battery clusters 220 arranged side by side. Alternatively, each column of batteries 221 can be divided into 3 battery clusters 220 arranged side by side.

[0149] It should be noted that the battery cell 222 of the embodiments of the present application can be a large-capacity battery cell 222. For example, the capacity of one battery cell 222 can be greater than 300 Ah, such as 306 Ah, 314 Ah, 530 Ah, 580 Ah, 587 Ah, 600 Ah, 700 Ah, 1000 Ah, 1100 Ah, 1300 Ah, etc.

[0150] FIG. 4 shows a schematic exploded view of the battery cell 222 of one embodiment of the present application.

[0151] As shown in FIG. 4, the battery cell 222 includes one or more electrode assemblies 21, a housing 25, and an end cap assembly 23, wherein the wall of the housing 25 and the end cap assembly 23 are both referred to as the wall of the battery cell 222. The housing 25 is determined according to the shape of the combined one or more electrode assemblies 21, for example, the housing 25 can be a hollow cuboid or a square or a cylinder, and one of the faces of the housing 25 has an opening so that the one or more electrode assemblies 21 can be placed in the housing 25. For example, when the housing 25 is a hollow cuboid or a square, one of the planes of the housing 25 is an open plane, i.e., the plane does not have a wall so that the inside and outside of the housing 25 are in communication. When the housing 25 can be a hollow cylinder, the end face of the housing 25 is an open face, i.e., the end face does not have a wall so that the inside and outside of the housing 25 are in communication. The end cap assembly 23 covers the opening and is connected with the housing 25 to form a closed cavity for placing the electrode assembly 21. The housing 25 is filled with an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte solution.

[0152] The battery cell 222 also includes two electrode terminals 214. The end cap assembly 23 is generally flat, and the two electrode terminals 214 are fixed on the flat face of the end cap assembly 23, and the two electrode terminals 214 are respectively a positive electrode terminal 214a and a negative electrode terminal 214b. Each electrode terminal 214 is respectively provided with a connecting member 24, which can also be referred to as a current collecting member, located between the end cap assembly 23 and the electrode assembly 21, for electrically connecting the electrode assembly 21 and the electrode terminal 214.

[0153] As shown in FIG. 4, each electrode assembly 21 has a first tab 211a and a second tab 212a. The first tab 211a and the second tab 212a have opposite polarities. For example, when the first tab 211a is a positive tab, the second tab 212a is a negative tab. The first tab 211a of one or more electrode assemblies 21 is connected to one electrode terminal 214 via one connecting member 24, and the second tab 212a of one or more electrode assemblies 21 is connected to another electrode terminal 214 via another connecting member 24. For example, the first tab 211a is a positive tab, the second tab 212a is a negative tab, the positive electrode terminal 214a is connected to the first tab 211a via one connecting member 24, and the negative electrode terminal 214b is connected to the second tab 212a via another connecting member 24.

[0154] In the battery cell 222, the electrode assembly 21 can be arranged as a single electrode assembly or multiple electrode assemblies according to actual use requirements. As shown in FIG. 4, four independent electrode assemblies 21 are arranged in the battery cell 222.

[0155] As an example, a pressure relief mechanism 213 can also be arranged on one wall of the battery cell 222. The pressure relief mechanism 213 is used to actuate to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 222 reaches a threshold value.

[0156] Optionally, the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be arranged on the end cover assembly 23 or any wall of the housing 25.

[0157] FIGS. 5 and 6 show schematic diagrams of the energy storage device 200 including a control box 230. The control box 230 can be a master control box of the energy storage container 100.

[0158] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the energy storage device 200 can further include a control box 230.

[0159] Optionally, the energy storage device 200 can include one control box 230, and the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230.

[0160] The control box 230 can be a box 210 type structure with control components. The control components can be a programmable logic controller. In addition to being electrically connected to the battery cluster 220, the control box 230 can also be connected to a master control system. The control box 230 can be used to control and manage one or more batteries 221. For example, the control box 230 can read the voltage, current, temperature, and other data of the battery 221 during operation. For another example, the control box 230 can control the switching state of the battery 221.

[0161] The control box 230 can be provided with core components such as SBMU. The SBMU can monitor and control the battery 221 to ensure the safety, long life and stable performance of the battery 221.

[0162] Optionally, the control box 230 can also be provided with various auxiliary components such as relays, fuses, indicator lights, disconnectors, current sensors, high-voltage copper bars, fuses and the like.

[0163] In this embodiment, the plurality of battery clusters 220 can be electrically connected to the same control box 230, that is, a plurality of branches converge to one control box 230. On the one hand, the number of wiring harness connections or structural components can be reduced, thereby reducing costs, and installation and subsequent maintenance will be easier and faster. On the other hand, the number of control boxes 230 can be reduced, thereby not only effectively reducing the cost of the energy storage device 200, but also reducing the space occupied by the control box 230 inside the energy storage device 200, such as saving the size space arrangement in the height direction z of the box body 210.

[0164] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6, the energy storage device 200 also includes a control box 230, and the number of control boxes 230 is a plurality. The plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to different control boxes 230, respectively.

[0165] Optionally, the energy storage device 200 can also include a plurality of control boxes 230, and each battery cluster 220 can be connected to a different control box 230. For example, the number of control boxes 230 can be the same as the number of battery clusters 220 contained in the energy storage device 200. If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are battery clusters 220 in the same column, the number of control boxes 230 is the same as the number of columns of battery clusters 220. If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are battery clusters 220 in the same row, the number of control boxes 230 is the same as the number of rows of battery clusters 220. In other words, each battery cluster 220 in the plurality of battery clusters 220 corresponds to one control box 230. In one example, again referring to FIG. 6, if the number of the plurality of battery clusters 220 is 2, the number of control boxes 230 can also be 2.

[0166] By electrically connecting the plurality of battery clusters 220 to different control boxes 230, respectively, the implementation is simple and convenient for control.

[0167] Optionally, the control box 230 can be arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters 220. Wherein, the bottom is below the plurality of battery clusters 220 when the energy storage device 200 is in a use state.

[0168] As shown in FIG. 5, if the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230, the control box 230 can be arranged at the bottom of the battery cluster 220 closest to the bottom of the box body 210.

[0169] If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to different control boxes 230, the plurality of control boxes 230 can be arranged at the bottom of the battery cluster 220 closest to the bottom of the box body 210. The plurality of control boxes 230 can be arranged side by side along the length direction x of the box body 210, or can be arranged side by side along the height direction z of the box body 210.

[0170] In the above implementation, the control box 230 is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters 220. On the one hand, since the busbar component is usually arranged at the bottom, the control box 230 can be more easily connected to the busbar component, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage device 200. On the other hand, it is convenient for the operator to operate and maintain the control box 230.

[0171] Alternatively, the control box 230 can also be arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters 220 of the plurality of battery clusters 220.

[0172] For example, if the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230, the control box 230 can be arranged between any two adjacent battery clusters 220 of the plurality of battery clusters 220. For example, the control box 230 can be arranged between the two battery clusters 220 closest to the bottom of the box body 210. If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to different control boxes 230, each control box 230 of the plurality of control boxes 230 can be arranged between the corresponding battery cluster 220 and the battery cluster 220 adjacent thereto. Alternatively, the plurality of control boxes 230 can all be arranged between the same two battery clusters 220. For example, the energy storage device 200 can include the battery cluster 220, the battery cluster 220, and the battery cluster 220, and the three control boxes 230 can all be arranged between the battery cluster 220 and the battery cluster 220.

[0173] In the above implementation, the control box 230 is arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters 220 of the plurality of battery clusters 220, which can effectively shorten the path of the connection line between the control box 230 and the corresponding battery cluster 220.

[0174] Alternatively, the control box 230 can also be arranged at the top of the plurality of battery clusters 220. The top is the upper part of the plurality of battery clusters 220 when the energy storage device 200 is in use, i.e., the part opposite to the bottom.

[0175] If multiple battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230, the control box 230 can be arranged at the top of the battery cluster 220 farthest from the ground among the multiple battery clusters 220. If multiple battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to different control boxes 230 respectively, the multiple control boxes 230 can all be arranged at the top of the battery cluster 220 farthest from the ground. The multiple control boxes 230 can be arranged side by side along the length direction x of the box body 210, or can be arranged side by side along the height direction z of the box body 210.

[0176] In the above implementation, the control box 230 is arranged at the top of the multiple battery clusters 220, and the control box 230 can absorb heat from the external environment, thereby reducing the possibility of the battery 221 being exposed to the sun to a certain extent, and reducing a series of adverse effects caused by the temperature rise of the battery 221, such as thermal runaway.

[0177] It should be noted that "up" of the embodiments of the present application indicates the direction opposite to the direction of gravity, and "down" of the embodiments of the present application indicates the direction same as the direction of gravity.

[0178] Optionally, part of the multiple control boxes 230 can be arranged at the bottom or top of the multiple battery clusters 220, and the other part of the control boxes 230 can be arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters 220 among the multiple battery clusters 220. The bottom is below the multiple battery clusters 220 when the energy storage device 200 is in a use state, and the top is above the multiple battery clusters 220 when the energy storage device 200 is in a use state.

[0179] Through the above arrangement, the flexibility of the arrangement of the control box 230 can be improved, so that the energy storage device 200 can be applied to more scenes.

[0180] Of course, the number of control boxes 230 included in the energy storage device 200 can be different from the number of battery clusters 220. Part of the multiple battery clusters 220 can be connected to the same control box 230, and the remaining battery clusters 220 can be connected to different control boxes 230 respectively.

[0181] Optionally, the number of control units 231 included in one control box 230 can be the same as the number of battery clusters 220 electrically connected to the control box 230, and the control unit 231 and the battery cluster 220 can correspond one by one, and the control unit 231 is used to control the corresponding battery cluster 220.

[0182] The control unit 231 can be, but is not limited to, an SBU, a current sampling unit (CSU).

[0183] Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 5 again, if the battery cluster 220 and the battery cluster 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230, the number of the control units 231 included in the control box 230 is 2, which are the control unit 231 and the control unit 231 respectively, the control unit 231 is used to control the battery cluster 220, and the control unit 231 is used to control the battery cluster 220.

[0184] Referring to FIG. 6 again, if two battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to different control boxes 230 respectively, the number of the control units 231 included in the control box 230 is 1.

[0185] In the above implementation, the number of the control units 231 included in one control box 230 is set to be the same as the number of the battery clusters 220 electrically connected, so that the control box 230 can control the corresponding battery cluster 220, and the probability of control error is reduced.

[0186] It should be understood that, in addition to the control units 231, the number of other components in the control box 230, such as the number of interfaces, can also be the same as the number of the battery clusters 220 electrically connected.

[0187] Generally, the temperature of the battery 221 will rise during use, such as during charging and discharging. If the battery 221 cannot be cooled in time, the continuous rise of the temperature of the battery 221 may affect the stable operation of the entire energy storage device 200. Or, in some cold environments, the temperature of the battery 221 will continuously decrease, such as to 5℃. In this case, for example, lithium precipitation may occur during the charging of the battery 221.

[0188] Therefore, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, each battery cluster 220 can include a plurality of batteries 221, and the energy storage device 200 can further include a thermal management assembly 240, which can be connected to each battery 221 in the battery cluster 220, for adjusting the temperature of each battery 221.

[0189] The adjustment of the temperature of each battery 221 can include heating the temperature of each battery 221 or cooling the temperature of each battery 221.

[0190] The thermal management assembly 240 can adjust the temperature of each battery 221 in a manner of air cooling, direct cooling or liquid cooling. If the thermal management assembly 240 adjusts the temperature of each battery 221 in a manner of liquid cooling, the thermal management assembly 240 can contain fluid for adjusting the temperature of the battery 221. At this time, in the case where the thermal management assembly 240 is used to cool the temperature of each battery 221, the thermal management assembly 240 can also be referred to as a cooling component or a cooling system, and the fluid output by the thermal management assembly 240 can also be referred to as a cooling medium or a cooling fluid. More specifically, it can be referred to as a cooling liquid or a cooling gas. The cooling medium can specifically be a mixture such as water, water and ethylene glycol, etc.

[0191] Optionally, the thermal management assembly 240 is connected to each battery 221 in the plurality of battery clusters 220, and the thermal management assembly 240 can be directly connected to the battery 221.

[0192] Optionally, the thermal management assembly 240 is connected to each battery 221 in the plurality of battery clusters 220, and the thermal management assembly 240 is connected to the heat dissipation device corresponding to each battery 221. Exemplarily, the heat dissipation device can be a water-cooled plate, which can be arranged at the bottom of the corresponding battery 221.

[0193] The above technical solution is advantageous for regulating the temperature of the battery 221 by arranging the thermal management assembly 240 connected to each battery 221.

[0194] In some embodiments, the thermal management assembly 240 can include a liquid cooling unit 241, a main liquid inlet pipe 242 connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit 241, a main liquid return pipe 243 connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit 241, and a plurality of sub-pipes 244. The plurality of sub-pipes 244 are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipe 242 and the main liquid return pipe 243, each of the plurality of sub-pipes 244 is connected to each battery 221, the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit 241 flows into the sub-pipe 244 through the main liquid inlet pipe 242, and the cooling medium exchanges heat with the corresponding battery 221, then flows out of the sub-pipe 244 to the main liquid return pipe 243 and enters the liquid cooling unit 241.

[0195] That is, this embodiment realizes the purpose of temperature control of the battery 221 through the secondary pipeline.

[0196] In one example, the main liquid inlet pipe 242 and the main liquid return pipe 243 can be made of stainless steel, and the plurality of sub-pipes 244 can be made of nylon. By using nylon material, the sub-pipe 244 can be larger in area to fit the battery 221, thereby bringing better cooling effect.

[0197] In the above implementation, the liquid cooling unit 241 is connected to each battery 221 through the main liquid inlet pipeline 242, the main liquid return pipeline 243, and the plurality of sub-pipelines 244, achieving inter-cluster temperature control. Since one column of battery clusters 220 or one row of battery clusters 220 in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of battery clusters 220, the path of the liquid cooling pipeline through the batteries 221 in each battery cluster 220 is significantly shortened, the flow rate of the cooling medium is uniform, further reducing the temperature between the batteries 221 in the cluster, and improving the efficiency of the entire energy storage device 200.

[0198] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8, the thermal management assembly 240 includes a liquid cooling unit 241, a total liquid inlet pipeline 246 connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit 241, a total liquid return pipeline 247 connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit 241, a plurality of main liquid inlet pipelines 242 connected to the total liquid inlet pipeline 246, a plurality of main liquid return pipelines 243 connected to the total liquid return pipeline 247, and a plurality of sub-pipelines 244.

[0199] The plurality of sub-pipelines 244 are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipeline 242 and the main liquid return pipeline 243, and each of the plurality of sub-pipelines 244 is connected to the battery 221. The cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit 241 flows into one of the plurality of main liquid inlet pipelines 242 through the total liquid inlet pipeline 246, flows into the corresponding sub-pipeline 244 through the one main liquid inlet pipeline 242, exchanges heat with the corresponding battery 221, and then flows out of the corresponding sub-pipeline 244 to one of the main liquid return pipelines 243 corresponding to the one main liquid inlet pipeline 242, and flows into the total liquid return pipeline 247 through the main liquid return pipeline 243 to enter the liquid cooling unit 241.

[0200] That is, the plurality of main liquid inlet pipelines 242 share one total liquid inlet pipeline 246, and the plurality of main liquid return pipelines 243 share one total liquid return pipeline 247. This embodiment achieves the purpose of temperature control of the battery 221 through three levels of pipelines.

[0201] In the above implementation, the liquid cooling unit 241 is connected to each battery 221 through the total liquid inlet pipeline 246, the total liquid return pipeline 247, the main liquid inlet pipeline 242, the main liquid return pipeline 243, and the plurality of sub-pipelines 244, achieving inter-cluster temperature control. Since one column of battery clusters 220 or one row of battery clusters 220 in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of battery clusters 220, the path of the liquid cooling pipeline through the batteries 221 in each battery cluster 220 is significantly shortened, the flow rate of the cooling medium is uniform, further reducing the temperature between the batteries 221 in the cluster, and improving the efficiency of the entire energy storage device 200.

[0202] The thermal management assembly 240 of the embodiments of the present application can achieve temperature control of the battery 221 through a two-stage pipeline, or can achieve temperature control of the battery 221 through a three-stage pipeline. In this way, the user can flexibly determine the specific setting mode of the thermal management assembly 240 according to the actual situation, so that the energy storage device 200 can be applied to more scenarios.

[0203] Optionally, the thermal management assembly 240 can further include a self-sealing joint 245, which includes a first joint and a second joint that can be connected and separated from each other, and is configured to allow the cooling medium to pass when the first joint and the second joint are connected to each other, and to block the cooling medium when the first joint and the second joint are separated from each other.

[0204] Since the first joint and the second joint of the self-sealing joint 245 can be switched between the state of allowing the cooling medium to pass and the state of blocking the cooling medium by being connected and separated, the operation is simple.

[0205] In some embodiments, the plurality of batteries 221 included in each battery cluster 220 can be connected in series. Optionally, each battery cluster 220 includes four batteries 221 connected in series. In this way, the voltage of the battery cluster 220 can be increased.

[0206] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9, the energy storage device 200 can further include an electrical compartment 250, a first partition wall 261, and a second partition wall 262, and the electrical compartment 250 is provided with electrical components 251, wherein the electrical components 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 can be respectively arranged on two sides of the first partition wall 261, and the electrical components 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 are arranged on the same side of the second partition wall 262, and the plurality of batteries 221 are arranged on different sides of the second partition wall 262 from the electrical components 251 and the thermal management assembly 240.

[0207] The electrical components 251 can include at least one of the following components, for example: a distribution box, a master control box, a fire control box, and a fan.

[0208] Exemplarily, the first partition wall 261 and / or the second partition wall 262 can adopt a corrugated plate.

[0209] As shown in FIG. 9, the electrical compartment 250 and the thermal management assembly 240 can be arranged on two sides of the first partition wall 261 along the width direction y of the box body 210. Of course, the electrical compartment 250 and the thermal management assembly 240 can be arranged on two sides of the first partition wall 261 along the length direction x or the height direction z of the box body 210.

[0210] The technical solution has the following advantages. The first partition wall 261 and the second partition wall 262 are arranged, the electrical component 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 are arranged on two sides of the first partition wall 261, the electrical component 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 are arranged on the same side of the second partition wall 262, and the plurality of batteries 221 are arranged on the other side of the second partition wall 262. On the one hand, the area occupied by the energy storage device 200 is reduced. On the other hand, the second partition wall 262 separates the electrical component 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 from the plurality of batteries 221, which is conducive to improving the stability of the temperature of the battery compartment 270 and enabling the energy storage device 200 to operate stably.

[0211] Further, with reference to FIG. 9, the energy storage device 200 can further include at least one battery compartment 270, and the plurality of battery clusters 220 are arranged in the at least one battery compartment 270. The control box 230 can also be arranged in the battery compartment 270.

[0212] In the case where the energy storage device 200 includes a plurality of battery compartments 270, adjacent two battery compartments 270 in the plurality of battery compartments 270 can share a wall, or the plurality of battery compartments 270 can be arranged at intervals. In the case where the energy storage device 200 includes a plurality of battery compartments 270, the battery compartments 270 can be separated by beams of the box body 210 and communicate with each other.

[0213] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 10, the energy storage device 200 can further include a battery rack 280, and the plurality of batteries 221 are placed on the battery rack 280.

[0214] For example, along the length direction x of the box body 210, the energy storage device 200 can include at least one column of battery racks 280, and each column of battery racks 280 carries a plurality of batteries 221.

[0215] For another example, along the width direction y of the box body 210, the energy storage device 200 can include at least one column of battery racks 280, and each column of battery racks 280 carries a plurality of batteries 221.

[0216] In the above implementation, the battery rack 280 for placing the batteries 221 is arranged in the energy storage device 200, which facilitates the placement of the batteries 221 in the energy storage device 200, improves the stability of the batteries 221, and reduces the possibility of displacement or shaking of the batteries 221 during transportation or movement of the energy storage device 200.

[0217] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15, the energy storage device 200 can further include an insulation detection assembly 180.

[0218] Optionally, the number of the insulation detection components 180 can be one, and the battery clusters 220 included in the energy storage device 200 can be connected to the same insulation detection component 180. The insulation detection component 180 can be used to monitor the insulation state of the connected battery cluster 220, so as to detect whether the battery cluster 220 has insulation abnormalities.

[0219] The insulation detection component 180 can be electrically connected with the control box 230, and the control box 230 can obtain the detection result of the insulation detection component 180.

[0220] Optionally, the insulation detection component 180 can be an insulation detection circuit.

[0221] Optionally, the insulation detection component 180 is used to obtain the insulation parameter value of each battery cluster 220, and the insulation parameter value is used to represent the insulation state of each battery cluster 220. For example, the insulation parameter can include the leakage current value and the insulation resistance value of each battery cluster 220. The control box 230 can send an insulation detection start instruction to the insulation detection component 180 to control the insulation detection component 180 to start detection. After the insulation detection component 180 starts, the insulation detection component 180 always remains in the start state. During the detection process, frequent switching is not required, and the insulation parameter value of the energy storage device 200 and each battery cluster 220 can be detected in real time. The obtained insulation parameter of each battery cluster 220 is transmitted to the control box 230. After the control box 230 obtains the insulation parameter of each battery cluster 220, the insulation state of each battery cluster 220 can be detected through the insulation parameter of each battery cluster 220. When the control box 230 completes the insulation state detection of each battery cluster 220, the control box 230 sends a close insulation detection instruction to the insulation detection component 180. After the insulation detection component 180 receives the close insulation detection instruction, the detection of the insulation parameter value of each battery cluster 220 is closed.

[0222] Optionally, the insulation detection component 180 can be a pointer type insulation resistance tester, a digital insulation resistance tester, etc.

[0223] Optionally, the insulation detection component 180 can also be connected with other components in the energy storage device 200, so as to also perform insulation detection on the other components. For example, the other components can be the control box 230 or the components included in the control box 230.

[0224] In the above implementation, only one insulation detection assembly 180 can be provided in the energy storage device 200, that is, the plurality of battery clusters 220 can be connected to the same insulation detection assembly 180, that is, the plurality of branches converge to one insulation detection assembly 180 to realize insulation detection of the plurality of battery clusters 220. On the one hand, the number of wiring harness connections or structural members can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost, and the installation and subsequent maintenance will be easier and faster. On the other hand, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 can also be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage device 200, and the requirement for the size of the energy storage device 200 can also be reduced.

[0225] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11, the energy storage device 200 can include insulation detection assemblies 180, and the number of insulation assemblies can be multiple, and each of the plurality of battery clusters 220 is electrically connected to different insulation detection assemblies 180. Exemplarily, the number of insulation assemblies can be one-to-one with the number of battery clusters 220.

[0226] Each insulation detection assembly 180 is used to monitor the insulation state of the connected battery cluster 220.

[0227] Optionally, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 is multiple, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 is M3, each insulation detection assembly 180 is connected to battery clusters, M2 and M3 are both positive integers greater than one, wherein, indicates the upward rounding of M2 / M3. Each insulation detection assembly 180 can also be connected to battery clusters 220, M2 is a positive integer greater than one, indicates the downward rounding of M2 / M3.

[0228] Optionally, M2 / M3 can be a positive integer. Optionally, M2 / M3 can also not be a positive integer, M2 / M3 can be rounded up, and the insulation detection assembly 180 is connected to the M2 / M3 rounded up number of battery clusters 220. Exemplarily, the first M1-1 insulation detection assemblies 180 can be connected to the M2 / M3 rounded up number of battery clusters 220, and the last insulation detection assembly 180 can be connected to the remaining battery clusters 220. Exemplarily, the battery clusters 220 can also be unevenly distributed to each insulation detection assembly 180, and the number of battery clusters 220 connected by different insulation detection assemblies 180 has a difference of not more than one.

[0229] For example, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 can be the same as the number of battery clusters 220 included in the energy storage device 200. If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are in the same column, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 is the same as the number of columns of battery clusters 220. If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are in the same row, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 is the same as the number of rows of battery clusters 220. In other words, each of the plurality of battery clusters 220 corresponds to one insulation detection assembly 180. In one example, if the number of the plurality of battery clusters 220 is 2, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 can also be 2.

[0230] In the above embodiment, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 can be set to be the same as the number of battery clusters 220, which can facilitate insulation detection of the battery clusters 220.

[0231] Alternatively, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 included in the energy storage device 200 can be more than the number of battery clusters 220, wherein the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 is used to connect the battery clusters 220, each insulation detection assembly 180 is connected to one battery cluster 220, and is used to monitor the insulation state of the connected battery cluster 220. The other insulation detection assemblies 180 are electrically connected to other components in the energy storage device 200, and are used to monitor the insulation state of the connected components.

[0232] Alternatively, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 included in the energy storage device 200 can be less than the number of battery clusters 220. Each insulation detection assembly 180 can be connected to one or more battery clusters 220, and is used to monitor the insulation state of the connected one or more battery clusters 220. The number of battery clusters 220 connected by each insulation detection assembly 180 can be the same or different. In one example, if the number of battery clusters 220 is 4, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 can be 2, each insulation detection assembly 180 is used to monitor the insulation state of 2 battery clusters 220. In one example, if the number of battery clusters 220 is 8, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 can be 3, two insulation detection assemblies 180 are used to monitor the insulation state of 3 battery clusters 220, and the other insulation detection assembly 180 is used to monitor the insulation state of 2 battery clusters 220.

[0233] In the present embodiment, the insulation detection assembly 180 can be arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters 220. The bottom is the lower side of the plurality of battery clusters 220 when the energy storage device 200 is in use. The insulation detection assembly 180 can also be arranged between the battery clusters 220, for example, between any two adjacent battery clusters 220.

[0234] In the above embodiment, by arranging the insulation detection assembly 180, the insulation detection of the battery cluster 220 in the energy storage device 200 can be performed, and the safety of the energy storage device 200 can be improved.

[0235] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 14a, the energy storage device 200 can further include bidirectional current conversion modules 120, wherein one or more battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same bidirectional current conversion module 120.

[0236] In the above embodiment, by connecting one bidirectional current conversion module 120 to multiple battery clusters 220, the use of parts can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

[0237] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 14a, the energy storage device 200 can further include a busbar device 130. One end of the busbar device 130 can be connected to the battery cluster 220, and the other end of the busbar device 130 can be connected to the bidirectional current conversion module 120.

[0238] In some other embodiments, the energy storage device 200 can further include bidirectional current conversion modules 120, wherein the number of bidirectional current conversion modules 120 is M1. M1 is a positive integer greater than one.

[0239] For example, the number of battery clusters 220 in the energy storage device 200 can be M2, each bidirectional current conversion module 120 is connected to battery clusters 220, M2 is a positive integer greater than one, which means rounding up M2 / M1. Each bidirectional current conversion module 120 can also be connected to battery clusters 220, M2 is a positive integer greater than one, which means rounding down M2 / M1.

[0240] Optionally, M2 / M1 can be a positive integer. Optionally, M2 / M1 can not be a positive integer, M2 / M1 can be rounded up, and the bidirectional current conversion module 120 is connected to the number of battery clusters 220 rounded up by M2 / M1. For example, the first M1-1 bidirectional current conversion modules 120 can be connected to the number of battery clusters 220 rounded up by M2 / M1, and the last bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to the remaining battery clusters 220. For example, the battery clusters 220 can also be unevenly distributed to the bidirectional current conversion modules 120, and the number of battery clusters 220 connected by different bidirectional current conversion modules 120 has a difference of no more than one.

[0241] Optionally, the M1 and the M2 can be the same or different, for example, the M2 is a multiple of the M1. Illustratively, the M2 can be twice, three times, etc. of the M1. When the M2 is a multiple of the M1, one bidirectional current module 120 can be connected to multiple battery clusters 220. The requirement for the number of bidirectional current modules 120 can be reduced, and thus the requirement for the size of the energy storage device 200 can be reduced.

[0242] In this embodiment, the energy storage device 200 can input or output energy through M1 bidirectional current modules 120. For example, the battery cluster 220 connected to the first bidirectional current module 120 can discharge to the bus 500 through the first bidirectional current module 120; the battery cluster 220 connected to the M1 insulation detection assembly 180 can take power from the bus 500 through the M1 bidirectional current module 120.

[0243] Illustratively, the bus 200 can be connected to a new energy power generation system such as a photovoltaic system, a power grid, etc.

[0244] In some embodiments, the function of the bidirectional current module 120 can be realized by a power conversion system (PCS). For example, the PCS is connected to the battery cluster 220 respectively, and each battery cluster 220 can input and output energy through each PCS. Optionally, the function of the bidirectional current module 120 can also be realized by a PCS including one control unit 231 and multiple DC / AC bidirectional current converters. The one control unit 231 can control the multiple DC / AC bidirectional current converters. For example, the multiple DC / AC bidirectional current converters are connected to the multiple battery clusters 220 respectively, and the AC / DC conversion of the multiple DC / AC bidirectional current converters and the transmission direction of energy can be controlled by the one control unit 231.

[0245] In some embodiments, the bus 500 can be connected to a new energy power generation system such as a photovoltaic system, a power grid, etc. For example, part of the battery clusters 220 can discharge to the power grid through the first bidirectional current module 121 and the bus 500, and part of the battery clusters 220 can take power from the new energy power generation system such as a photovoltaic system through the M bidirectional current module 120 and the bus 500.

[0246] Of course, the charge and discharge rate of the battery cluster 220 connected to each bidirectional current module 120 can be controlled individually by the bidirectional current module 120 connected thereto. For example, for the battery cluster 220 in the energy storage device 200 being discharged controlled by 2 bidirectional current modules 120, the output of the battery cluster 220 controlled by the 2 bidirectional current modules 120 can be different.

[0247] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 13, the energy storage device 200 can further include a master control unit 141 configured to monitor state information of the plurality of battery clusters 220, the state information including one or more of current information, voltage information, power information, or temperature information.

[0248] In this embodiment, one master control unit 141 can serve as a battery 221 management unit for the plurality of battery clusters 220 included in the energy storage device 200, and can monitor and manage each battery cluster 220. For example, the current, voltage, power, or temperature of each battery cluster 220 can be monitored. For example, the charging and discharging current and voltage of each battery cluster 220 can be controlled.

[0249] In the embodiments of the present application, the monitoring of the state of all battery clusters 220 can be achieved by providing one master control unit 141, which can reduce the number of master control units 141, save space in the energy storage system 400, reduce parts, and save costs.

[0250] To facilitate the monitoring and management of each battery cluster 220 in the energy storage device 200 and to facilitate the adaptation to more different scenarios of power demand, the battery clusters 220 in the energy storage device 200 can be divided to form a plurality of relatively independent power supply units.

[0251] In some embodiments, one or more battery clusters 220 form a sub-battery system 22. The energy storage device 200 includes two or more sub-battery systems 22.

[0252] Alternatively, the two or more sub-battery systems 22 are placed side by side along the length direction of the box 210.

[0253] For example, as shown in FIG. 3, each dashed box in the figure can be a battery cluster 220, and each battery cluster 220 can include four batteries 221. Two battery clusters 220 placed side by side along the height direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction z of the box 210) can form a sub-battery system 22. In the example shown in FIG. 3, there can be four sub-battery systems 22, and the four sub-battery systems 22 are placed side by side along the length direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction x of the box 210).

[0254] In this embodiment, each battery cluster 220 is connected in parallel, and the plurality of batteries 221 in the battery cluster 220 are connected in series. This arrangement facilitates group installation.

[0255] Alternatively, the two or more sub-battery systems (not labeled in the figure) can be placed stacked along the height direction of the box 210.

[0256] For example, as shown in FIG. 3, each dashed box can be a battery cluster 220, and each battery cluster 220 can include 4 batteries 221. Two adjacent battery clusters 220 placed side by side along the length direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction x of the box 210) can form a sub-battery system. In the example shown in FIG. 3, there can be 4 sub-battery systems, with the upper row including 2 sub-battery systems and the lower row including 2 sub-battery systems. That is, the 4 sub-battery systems are placed side by side along the height direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction z of the box 210) and the length direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction x of the box 210).

[0257] Optionally, two or more sub-battery systems are placed side by side along the width direction and the height direction of the box 210.

[0258] For example, as shown in FIG. 3, each dashed box can be a battery cluster 220, and each battery cluster 220 can include 4 batteries 221. Two adjacent battery clusters 220 placed side by side along the length direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction x of the box 210) can form a sub-battery system. In the example shown in FIG. 3, there can be 4 sub-battery systems, with the upper row including 2 sub-battery systems and the lower row including 2 sub-battery systems. That is, the 4 sub-battery systems are placed side by side along the height direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction z of the box 210) and the length direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction x of the box 210).

[0259] In some optional embodiments, the energy storage device can include two or more battery systems, and each battery system can include one or more sub-battery systems. Each sub-battery system can include one or more battery clusters 220. The one or more sub-battery systems of each battery system are placed stacked along the height direction of the box; and two or more battery systems are placed side by side along the length direction of the box.

[0260] Optionally, the plurality of sub-battery systems of a battery system are placed stacked along a first direction; and two or more battery systems are placed side by side along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0261] For example, the first direction can be the length direction z of the box 210, and the second direction can be the length direction x of the box.

[0262] For example, as shown in FIG. 3, each dashed box can be a battery cluster 220, and each battery cluster 220 can include 4 batteries 221. Two adjacent battery clusters 220 placed side by side along the length direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction x of the box 210) can form a sub-battery system. In the example shown in FIG. 3, there can be 4 sub-battery systems, with the upper row including 2 sub-battery systems and the lower row including 2 sub-battery systems. That is, the 4 sub-battery systems are placed side by side along the height direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction z of the box 210) and the length direction of the box 210 (i.e., the length direction x of the box 210).

[0263] Exemplarily, the first direction can be the direction perpendicular to the ground when the energy storage device 200 is in use, and the second direction can be the direction of the ground.

[0264] Optionally, each sub-battery system 22 can include a plurality of battery clusters 220, and the plurality of battery clusters of the sub-battery system can be arranged in a matrix array along the length direction of the box and the height direction of the box.

[0265] Exemplarily, if the sub-battery system 22 includes 8 battery clusters 220, they can be arranged in a 2*4 matrix array along the length direction of the box and the height direction of the box. For example, 4 battery clusters 220 are arranged along the length direction of the box, and 2 battery clusters 220 are arranged along the height direction of the box.

[0266] Optionally, the batteries included in the battery cluster 220 can be arranged along the length direction of the box or the height direction of the box.

[0267] In some embodiments, when the battery clusters 220 in the energy storage device 200 are divided into a plurality of sub-battery systems 22, the number of insulation detection assemblies 180 can be the same as the number of sub-battery systems 22 included in the energy storage device 200. The insulation detection assembly 180 is connected to the sub-battery system 22 one-to-one.

[0268] In some embodiments, when the battery clusters 220 in the energy storage device 200 are divided into a plurality of sub-battery systems 22, as shown in FIG. 12, the number of bidirectional current conversion modules 120 can be the same as the number of sub-battery systems 22 included in the energy storage device 200. The bidirectional current conversion module 120 is connected to the sub-battery system 22 one-to-one. In this embodiment, the busbar device 130 can be connected between the sub-battery system 22 and the bidirectional current conversion module 120, and the number of busbar devices 130 can also be the same as the number of sub-battery systems 22.

[0269] Exemplarily, the energy storage device 200 can input or output energy through N bidirectional current conversion modules. For example, the first sub-battery system can discharge to the busbar 500 through the first bidirectional current conversion module; at the same time, the Nth sub-battery system N can discharge to the busbar 500 through the Nth bidirectional current conversion module.

[0270] In some embodiments, when the battery clusters 220 in the energy storage device 200 are divided into a plurality of sub-battery systems 22, the number of bidirectional current conversion modules 120 is M1, the number of sub-battery systems 22 is N, and M1 bidirectional current conversion modules 120 are connected to N / M1 sub-battery systems 22, respectively.

[0271] In another example, as shown in FIG. 14a, the number of bidirectional current conversion modules 120 is 2, and the number of sub-battery systems 22 is 3. The 2 bidirectional current conversion modules 120 are connected to 3 / 2 sub-battery systems 22, respectively. Each sub-battery system 22 can include 2 battery clusters 220. Each bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to 3 battery clusters 220. For example, the first bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to two battery clusters 220 of the first sub-battery system 1 and one battery cluster 220 of the second sub-battery system 22; the second bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to another battery cluster 220 of the second sub-battery system 22 and two battery clusters 220 of the third sub-battery system 22.

[0272] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14b, the number N of sub-battery systems 22 can be a multiple of the number M1 of bidirectional current conversion modules 120, that is, each bidirectional current conversion module 120 can form a connection relationship with multiple sub-battery systems 22. Each bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to N / M1 sub-battery systems 22. The first bidirectional current conversion module 120 can form a connection relationship with the first sub-battery system 22 to the N / M1 sub-battery system. The i-th bidirectional current conversion module 120 can form a connection relationship with the ((i-1)*N / M1+1)-th sub-battery system 22 to the i*N / M1 sub-battery system. The M1-th bidirectional current conversion module 120 can form a connection relationship with the ((M1-1)*N / M1+1)-th sub-battery system 22 to the N-th sub-battery system. Wherein, i is a positive integer less than or equal to M1.

[0273] In an example, the number of bidirectional current conversion modules 120 is 2, and the number of sub-battery systems 22 is 4. The 2 bidirectional current conversion modules 120 are connected to 2 sub-battery systems 22, respectively. For example, the first bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to the first sub-battery system 1 and the second sub-battery system 22; the second bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to the third sub-battery system 22 and the fourth sub-battery system 22.

[0274] When an energy storage device 200 includes N sub-battery systems 22, it includes N independent high-voltage circuits. When the number of bidirectional current conversion modules 120 is less than the number of sub-battery systems 22, one bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to one or more high-voltage circuits.

[0275] In one example, as shown in FIG. 14c, each battery system 2 can include two sub-battery systems 22, and the battery system 2 can include two high-voltage loops. In the example shown in FIG. 14c, when three battery systems 2 share two bidirectional current conversion modules 120, one bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to three sub-battery systems 22, that is, three independent high-voltage loops. In the three battery systems shown in FIG. 14c, one bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be connected to two sub-battery systems 22 of one battery system 2, and connected to one sub-battery system 22 of another battery system 2. That is, the first bidirectional current conversion module 120 is connected to two sub-battery systems 22 of the first battery system 2, and connected to one sub-battery system 22 of the second battery system 2; the second bidirectional current conversion module 120 is connected to another sub-battery system 22 of the second battery system 2, and connected to two sub-battery systems 22 of the third battery system 2.

[0276] Exemplarily, the bidirectional current conversion module 120 can be implemented as a bidirectional current conversion module all-in-one machine.

[0277] In the example shown in FIG. 14c, each sub-battery system 22 can be connected to one busbar device 130. Each sub-battery system 22 is connected to the bidirectional current conversion module 120 through the busbar device 130.

[0278] In the above implementation, the number of bidirectional current conversion modules 120 can be flexibly set to better adapt to different scene requirements and increase the adaptability of the energy storage device 200.

[0279] The embodiment of the present application also provides an energy system 300. As shown in FIG. 15, the energy system 300 can include a plurality of energy storage devices 200. Among them, the first wall of each box 210 of the plurality of boxes 210 is provided with a box door, and the first wall is the wall of each box 210 away from the adjacent box 210.

[0280] For two walls of the four side walls of the box 210 perpendicular to the length direction x of the box 210, the embodiment of the present application will call them front wall and rear wall in turn, and accordingly, the front and rear of the energy storage device 200 can also be defined. For two walls of the four side walls of the box 210 perpendicular to the width direction y of the box 210, the embodiment of the present application will call them right wall and left wall in turn, and accordingly, the left and right of the energy storage device 200 can also be defined.

[0281] Exemplarily, the front wall and / or the left wall can be provided with a box door. That is, the first wall can be the front wall and / or the left wall.

[0282] The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: the box door of the energy storage device 200 is installed on the wall of each box body 210 away from the adjacent box body 210, which facilitates later maintenance, facilitates heat dissipation to a certain extent, occupies small space, and does not need to reserve extra space for opening of the box door.

[0283] The energy storage device 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application is internally placed with four battery racks 280, each of which is placed with eight batteries 221, and the upper half of the eight batteries 221 is a battery cluster 220, and the lower half of the eight batteries 221 is a battery cluster 220, and the two battery clusters 220 are connected in parallel. The bottom of the battery rack 280 is provided with a control box 230, and the two battery clusters 220 are respectively connected in parallel with the control box 230. The liquid cooling unit 241 is connected to each battery 221 through a pipeline to realize inter-cluster temperature control.

[0284] The energy storage system 400 provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 16. The energy storage system 400 includes N sub-battery systems 22, one of the N sub-battery systems 22 includes one or more battery clusters 220, and the N sub-battery systems 22 can independently input or output energy, wherein N≥2 and N is an integer.

[0285] Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 16, the energy storage system 400 includes a first sub-battery system 1 to an Nth sub-battery system N. The first sub-battery system 1 includes a 1st A battery cluster 220 to an nth A battery cluster 220; and the Nth sub-battery system N includes a 1st B battery cluster 220 to an mth B battery cluster 220.

[0286] The N sub-battery systems 22 independently input or output energy, that is, the working modes of the N sub-battery systems 22 are completely independent, and the N sub-battery systems 22 can independently charge (energy input) or discharge (energy output). For example, when N is equal to 2, the sub-battery system 22 and the sub-battery system 22 can simultaneously charge; or the sub-battery system 22 discharges, and the sub-battery system 22 can charge; or the sub-battery system 22 and the sub-battery system 22 can simultaneously discharge; or the sub-battery system 22 charges or discharges, and the sub-battery system 22 can neither charge nor discharge.

[0287] In the embodiments of the present application, the battery cluster 220 in the present application refers to a combination of the batteries 221 connected in series, parallel or mixed connection. The mixed connection refers to a combination of series and parallel connection. For example, the battery cluster 220 in the present application can be formed by a plurality of batteries 221 connected in series or parallel. For another example, the battery cluster 220 in the present application can be formed by a plurality of batteries 221 connected in parallel first and then in series. The battery 221 refers to a single physical module including one or more battery monomers 222 to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery 221 can be a battery 221 module or a battery 221 pack.

[0288] In the embodiments of the present application, the N sub-battery systems 22 can independently input or output energy, so that each sub-battery system 22 of the energy storage system 400 can flexibly transmit energy. On the other hand, by setting N sub-battery systems 22, the number of battery clusters 220 in each sub-battery system 22 can be reduced, thereby reducing the influence of uneven current between the battery clusters 220 on the energy storage system 400 and improving the performance and service life of the energy storage system 400.

[0289] In some embodiments of the present application, the plurality of battery clusters 220 in one sub-battery system 22 are connected in parallel with each other.

[0290] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can include 1 master control unit 141. The master control unit 141 is configured to monitor state information of the first sub-battery system 1 to the Nth sub-battery system N, the state information including one or more of current information, voltage information, power information or temperature information.

[0291] That is, 1 master control unit 141 can serve as a battery 221 management unit of the N sub-battery systems 22, and can monitor and manage the N sub-battery systems 22. For example, the current, voltage, power or temperature information of the N sub-battery systems 22 can be monitored. For example, the charging and discharging current and voltage of the sub-battery system 22 can be controlled.

[0292] In the embodiments of the present application, the monitoring of the state of the N sub-battery systems 22 can be realized by setting 1 master control unit 141, which can reduce the number of master control units 141, save the space of the energy storage system 400, reduce the parts, and save the cost.

[0293] The first master control unit 141 can also communicate with an energy management unit 600, which can be an energy management system (EMS) for example.

[0294] As shown in FIG. 17a, the energy storage system 400 can further include one bidirectional conversion module 120 connected with the N sub-battery systems 22, which can reduce the use of components and lower the cost.

[0295] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can further include N bus connection devices 130: a first bus connection device 131 to an Nth bus connection device 13N. One end of the N bus connection devices 130 is respectively connected with the N sub-battery systems 22, and the other end of the N bus connection devices 130 is connected with one bidirectional conversion module 120.

[0296] As shown in FIG. 17b, the energy storage system 400 can further include N bidirectional conversion modules 120, and the N bidirectional conversion modules 120 are respectively connected with the N sub-battery systems 22. As shown in FIG. 17b, the energy storage system 400 includes a first bidirectional conversion module 121 to an Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N, and the first bidirectional conversion module 121 to the Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N are respectively connected with a first sub-battery system 1 to an Nth sub-battery system N.

[0297] The energy storage system 400 can input or output energy through the N bidirectional conversion modules 120. For example, the first sub-battery system 1 can discharge to the bus 500 through the first bidirectional conversion module 121; and the Nth sub-battery system N can take power from the bus 500 through the Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N.

[0298] In some embodiments of the present application, the functions of the N bidirectional conversion modules 120 can be realized by N power conversion systems (PCSs). For example, the N PCSs are respectively connected with the N sub-battery systems 22, and the N sub-battery systems 22 can input and output energy through the N PCSs. Alternatively, the functions of the N bidirectional conversion modules 120 can be realized by one PCS including one control unit 231 and N DC / AC bidirectional converters. The one control unit 231 can control the N DC / AC bidirectional converters. For example, the N DC / AC bidirectional converters are respectively connected with the N sub-battery systems 22, and the conversion between AC and DC and the transmission direction of energy of the N DC / AC bidirectional converters can be controlled by the one control unit 231.

[0299] In some embodiments of the present application, the bus 500 can be connected with a new energy power generation system such as a photovoltaic system, a power grid, etc. For example, the first sub-battery system 1 can discharge to the power grid through the first bidirectional conversion module 121 and the bus 500, and the Nth sub-battery system N can take power from the new energy power generation system such as a photovoltaic system through the Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N and the bus 500.

[0300] Of course, the charge and discharge rate of the N sub-battery systems 22 can be individually controlled by the N bidirectional conversion modules 120. For example, for 2 sub-battery systems 22 in the energy storage system 400 that are discharging, the output of the energy output of the two can be different.

[0301] In the embodiments of the present application, the N bidirectional conversion modules 120 are arranged in the energy storage system 400, and through the connection of the N bidirectional conversion modules 120 and the N sub-battery systems 22, the N sub-battery systems 22 can individually input or output energy, and the energy transmission of the N sub-battery systems 22 can be completely independent, so that the energy storage system 400 can be flexibly adapted to different application scenarios.

[0302] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can further include N current collection devices 130: a first current collection device 131 to an Nth current collection device 13N. One end of the N current collection devices 130 is respectively connected with the N sub-battery systems 22, and the other end of the N current collection devices 130 is respectively connected with the N bidirectional conversion modules 120, that is, one end of the first current collection device 131 to the Nth current collection device 13N can be respectively connected with the first sub-battery system 1 to the Nth sub-battery system N, and the other end of the first current collection device 131 to the Nth current collection device 13N can be respectively connected with the first bidirectional conversion module 121 to the Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N.

[0303] For example, in one sub-battery system 22, a plurality of parallel battery clusters 220 can be connected to one current collection device 130, and the current collection device 130 can collect the current and then transmit the collected energy to the bus 500. Alternatively, the energy from the bus 500 can be transmitted to the current collection device 130, and then transmitted to each battery cluster 220 after being divided by the current collection device 130.

[0304] In the embodiments of the present application, the N current collection devices 130 can be arranged corresponding to the N sub-battery systems 22 of the energy storage system 400, the energy of the battery clusters 220 in the sub-battery system 22 can be collected by the current collection device 130 before being transmitted, or the input energy can be divided by the current collection device 130 before being transmitted to each battery cluster 220 in the sub-battery system 22, which can reduce the loss of energy.

[0305] FIGS. 17b and 18 are structural schematic diagrams of a battery system provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0306] The energy storage system 400 includes N sub-battery systems 22: a first sub-battery system 1 to an Nth sub-battery system N, one of the N sub-battery systems 22 includes one or more battery clusters 220, and the N sub-battery systems 22 individually input or output energy, wherein N≥2 and N is an integer.

[0307] The energy storage system 400 can include N bidirectional conversion modules 120: a first bidirectional conversion module 121 to an Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N, which are respectively connected with the first sub-battery system 1 to the Nth sub-battery system N.

[0308] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can include N busbar devices 130: a first busbar device 131 to an Nth busbar device 13N, one end of the first busbar device 131 to the Nth busbar device 13N is respectively connected with the first sub-battery system 1 to the Nth sub-battery system N, and the other end of the first busbar device 131 to the Nth busbar device 13N is respectively connected with the first bidirectional conversion module 121 to the Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N.

[0309] In some embodiments of the present application, one of the N sub-battery systems 22 includes one or more master control boxes. For example, the first sub-battery system 1 can include 1A master control boxes 171 to nA master control boxes 17n, one end of the 1A master control boxes 171 to the nA master control boxes 17n is respectively connected with the 1A battery clusters 220 to the nA battery clusters 220, and the other end of the 1A master control boxes 171 to the nA master control boxes 17n is connected with the first busbar device 131. For example, the Nth sub-battery system N can include 1B master control boxes N71 to mB master control boxes N7m, one end of the 1B master control boxes N71 to the mB master control boxes N7m is respectively connected with the 1B battery clusters 220 to the mB battery clusters 220, and the other end of the 1B master control boxes N71 to the mB master control boxes N7m is connected with the Nth busbar device 13N.

[0310] The energy storage system 400 can further include cluster-level management units. Exemplarily, the number of cluster-level management units can be the same as the number of battery clusters 220 in the energy storage system 400. Each battery cluster 220 can be associated with one cluster-level management unit. The first sub-battery system 1 can include the first cluster-level management unit 151 to the nth cluster-level management unit 15n. In the example shown in FIG. 18, one end of the first cluster-level management unit 151 to the nth cluster-level management unit 15n is connected to the first battery cluster 220 to the nth battery cluster 220, respectively, and the other end of the first cluster-level management unit 151 to the nth cluster-level management unit 15n is connected to the first busbar device 131. The first sub-battery system N can include the first cluster-level management unit N51 to the mth cluster-level management unit N5m, one end of the first cluster-level management unit N51 to the mth cluster-level management unit N5m is connected to the first battery cluster 220 to the mth battery cluster 220, respectively, and the other end of the first cluster-level management unit N51 to the mth cluster-level management unit N5m is connected to the Nth busbar device 13N.

[0311] Optionally, the energy storage system 400 can further include an insulation detection assembly, which can be connected to the battery cluster 220 and can be connected to the master control unit 141.

[0312] In some embodiments of the present application, the N sub-battery systems 22 include a first sub-battery system 1 and a second sub-battery system 22, wherein the first sub-battery system 1 includes at least one battery cluster 220, and the second sub-battery system includes at least one battery cluster 220, and each battery cluster 220 includes at least one battery 221. This scheme can improve the power of the energy storage system 400.

[0313] As shown in FIG. 18, in some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can further include a thermal management module 161 for adjusting the temperature of the N sub-battery systems 22.

[0314] The thermal management module 161 can lower the temperature of the sub-battery system 22 when the temperature of the sub-battery system 22 is too high, and can increase the temperature of the sub-battery system 22 when the temperature of the sub-battery system 22 is too low. For example, the thermal management module 161 can include a heating module, a refrigeration module, and a fluid circulation loop. The fluid in the fluid circulation loop is heated or refrigerated by the heating module or the refrigeration module, and the fluid circulation loop is arranged around the battery cluster 220, and then the fluid exchanges heat with the battery cluster 220 of the sub-battery system 22 to adjust the temperature of the sub-battery system 22.

[0315] The thermal management module 161 adjusts the temperature of the N sub-battery systems 22, which can reduce the space occupied by the thermal management module 161 and the structural member of the energy storage system 400, thereby improving the energy density of the energy storage system 400 and reducing the cost.

[0316] The energy storage system 400 includes two sub-battery systems 22 arranged side by side along the length direction of the energy storage system 400 (i.e., the length direction x of the box 210), and each of the two sub-battery systems 22 includes 2 rows of batteries 221, each row of batteries 221 includes 2 battery clusters 220, each battery cluster 220 is connected in parallel, and the plurality of batteries 221 in the battery cluster 220 are connected in series. This arrangement facilitates group installation.

[0317] As shown in FIG. 19, the micro-grid system 700 can include the energy storage system 400 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0318] The above only describes optional embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0319] The above only describes optional embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0319] The above only describes optional embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0319] The above only describes optional embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: include: Two or more battery systems, each battery system including multiple sub-battery systems; Bidirectional conversion modules, the number of which is M1; The number of the sub-battery systems is N, and M1 of the bidirectional converter modules are respectively connected to N / M1 of the sub-battery systems, wherein M1 and N are positive integers.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The sub-battery system includes: a plurality of battery clusters, each battery cluster includes at least one battery, and the batteries in each battery cluster are arranged in the same row or column.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: The box body has a hollow structure inside; the multiple sub-battery systems in the battery system are arranged in the hollow structure.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that The energy storage device further comprises: A control box, wherein the plurality of battery clusters are electrically connected to the same control box.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that The energy storage device further comprises: There are multiple control boxes, and the multiple battery clusters are electrically connected to different control boxes respectively.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: All the control boxes are arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters, and the bottom is below the plurality of battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use; or All of the control boxes are arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters among the plurality of battery clusters; or, All the control boxes are arranged on the top of the multiple battery clusters, and the top is above the multiple battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that A portion of the multiple control boxes are arranged at the bottom or top of the multiple battery clusters, and another portion of the control boxes are arranged between two adjacent battery clusters. The bottom is below the multiple battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use, and the top is above the multiple battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use.

8. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The number of control units included in one control box is the same as the number of the electrically connected battery clusters, and the control units are used to control the corresponding battery clusters.

9. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that Each of the battery clusters includes a plurality of batteries, and the energy storage device further includes: A thermal management component is connected to each of the batteries in the plurality of battery clusters and is configured to regulate a temperature of each of the batteries.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thermal management component includes a liquid cooling unit, a main liquid inlet pipe connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit, a main liquid return pipe connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit, and a plurality of sub-pipelines; The plurality of sub-pipes are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipe and the main liquid return pipe, and each of the plurality of sub-pipes is respectively connected to each of the batteries, wherein the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit flows into the sub-pipes through the main liquid inlet pipe, and after the cooling medium exchanges heat with the corresponding battery, flows out through the sub-pipes to the main liquid return pipe and enters the liquid cooling unit.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that The thermal management component includes a liquid cooling unit, a main liquid inlet pipe connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit, a main liquid return pipe connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit, a plurality of main liquid inlet pipes connected to the main liquid inlet pipe, a plurality of main liquid return pipes connected to the main liquid return pipe, and a plurality of sub-pipelines; The plurality of sub-pipes are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipe and the main liquid return pipe, and each of the plurality of sub-pipes is respectively connected to each of the batteries, wherein the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit flows into one of the plurality of main liquid inlet pipes through the total liquid inlet pipe, and flows into the corresponding sub-pipe through the main liquid inlet pipe, and after heat exchange with the corresponding battery, the cooling medium flows out through the corresponding sub-pipe to one of the main liquid return pipes corresponding to the main liquid inlet pipe, and flows into the total liquid return pipe through the main liquid return pipe to enter the liquid cooling unit.

12. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that The plurality of batteries in each of the battery clusters are connected in series.

13. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that: The energy storage device further includes an electrical compartment, a first partition wall, and a second partition wall, wherein electrical components are arranged in the electrical compartment; The electrical components and the thermal management components are respectively arranged on both sides of the first partition wall, and the electrical components and the thermal management components are arranged on the same side of the second partition wall, and the multiple batteries are respectively arranged on different sides of the second partition wall from the electrical components and the thermal management components.

14. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 2 to 13, characterized in that The energy storage device further includes a battery rack, and the battery is placed on the battery rack.

15. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that The sub-battery system includes four columns of batteries, each column of batteries is divided into two parallel battery clusters, each battery cluster includes four batteries, and each battery includes 104 battery cells connected in series.

16. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that Also includes: An insulation detection assembly, wherein the plurality of battery clusters are electrically connected to a same insulation detection assembly for monitoring the insulation status of the connected battery clusters.

17. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that The energy storage device further comprises: Insulation detection components, the number of the insulation detection components is multiple, the number of the insulation detection components is M3, the number of the battery clusters is M2, each of the insulation detection components is connected The battery clusters, M2 and M3 are both positive integers greater than one, wherein, Indicates rounding up M2 / M3.

18. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Insulation detection components, the number of the insulation detection components is the same as the number of the sub-battery systems, and the insulation detection components are connected to the sub-battery systems one-to-one.

19. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that Also includes: Bidirectional conversion module, wherein the number of the bidirectional conversion modules is M1, the number of the battery clusters is M2, and each of the bidirectional conversion modules is connected The battery clusters, M1 and M2 are both positive integers greater than one, wherein, Indicates rounding up M2 / M1.

20. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that Also includes: The main control unit is used to monitor status information of the multiple battery clusters, where the status information includes one or more of current information, voltage information, power information, or temperature information.

21. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The multiple sub-battery systems of the battery system are placed side by side along the length direction of the box.

22. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of sub-battery systems of the battery system are stacked along the height direction of the box.

23. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of sub-battery systems of the battery system are stacked along a first direction; Two or more battery systems are placed side by side along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

24. The energy storage device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The multiple battery clusters of the sub-battery system are arranged in a matrix array along the length direction and the height direction of the box.

25. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that: Each of the sub-battery systems forms an independent high-voltage circuit with the connected bidirectional converter module.

26. An energy system, characterized in that: include: A plurality of energy storage devices according to any one of claims 1 to 25; wherein a first wall of each of the plurality of boxes is installed with a box door, and the first wall is a wall of the side wall of each box away from the adjacent box.

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