Battery management system, method and device, medium and unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery management, and discloses a battery management system, method and device, a medium and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The active equalization management circuit is electrically connected with the series battery pack and is used for collecting state information of the single batteries and executing bidirectional active equalization control on the series battery pack; the interface unit is used for establishing electric connection with external equipment; wherein the series battery pack and external equipment form a direct connection type main loop through the interface unit, and energy on-off control of the direct connection type main loop is realized through physical plugging of the interface unit. Energy on-off control is realized through physical plugging of the interface unit, an electronic power switch device is prevented from being arranged in a main loop, the design of the main loop is effectively simplified, and hardware complexity and control difficulty are reduced. And a direct connection type main loop is formed by the series battery pack and the external equipment, so that the number of intermediate devices in the main loop is reduced, the conduction loss is effectively reduced, and the energy transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery management technology, and more particularly to a battery management system, method, device, medium, and unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In applications where series-connected battery packs power external devices, a battery management system (BMS) is typically required to monitor the battery pack's status and control its safety. Existing BMS systems generally incorporate electronic power switching devices (such as MOSFETs and relays) in the main circuit between the battery pack and the external device to control the power supply between them.

[0003] However, the above structure still has the following shortcomings in practical applications:

[0004] First, introducing electronic power switching devices into the main circuit increases the hardware complexity and control logic complexity of the battery management system. Related devices are prone to overheating, aging, or failure under long-term high-current operating conditions, thus affecting the overall reliability of the system.

[0005] Secondly, electronic power switching devices themselves have conduction losses, which will reduce the system's energy utilization efficiency in high-power or high-current application scenarios, making them unsuitable for devices with high requirements for endurance and energy efficiency.

[0006] Furthermore, as battery management systems become increasingly sophisticated, they typically require continuous data acquisition of the state of each individual cell in a series-connected battery pack, and the execution of active balancing control when differences exist between individual cells. In existing technologies, main circuit on / off control is often highly coupled with battery management and balancing control, resulting in a complex system architecture and high debugging and maintenance costs.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new battery management system architecture that can simplify the main circuit structure, reduce system complexity, and improve overall reliability while ensuring the acquisition of individual battery states and active equalization control. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention provides a battery management system, method, device, medium, and drone to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A battery management system, comprising:

[0011] Series battery pack;

[0012] An active balancing management circuit is electrically connected to the series-connected battery pack and is used to collect individual battery status information and perform bidirectional active balancing control on the series-connected battery pack.

[0013] An interface unit is used to establish an electrical connection with external devices;

[0014] in,

[0015] The series-connected battery pack forms a direct-connected main circuit with the external device through the interface unit, and the energy on / off control of the direct-connected main circuit is achieved by physically plugging and unplugging the interface unit.

[0016] Optionally, the battery management system includes an overcurrent protection component;

[0017] The overcurrent protection component includes a fuse connected in series in the direct-connected main circuit.

[0018] Optionally, the active equalization management circuit further includes a flyback bidirectional active equalization unit and a Bluetooth master control unit;

[0019] The Bluetooth master control unit is used to execute battery management control logic and perform wireless communication;

[0020] The flyback bidirectional active equalization unit includes a flyback transformer and a channel switching matrix switch;

[0021] The Bluetooth master control unit controls the channel switching matrix switch to achieve bidirectional energy transfer between the individual battery and the series battery pack.

[0022] Optionally, the active equalization management circuit further includes a wired communication unit;

[0023] The Bluetooth master control unit is connected to the flight control unit of the external device through the wired communication unit.

[0024] Optionally, it may also include an antenna unit, which includes a PCB-on-board antenna for connecting to the Bluetooth master control unit for wireless data interaction.

[0025] The present invention also provides a battery management method, applied to the battery management system as described in any of the preceding claims, the method comprising:

[0026] When the battery management system is inserted into the battery compartment of an external device through the interface unit, it supplies power to the external device through the direct-connection main circuit formed by the interface unit.

[0027] The active balancing management circuit collects the status information of individual cells in the series-connected battery pack.

[0028] The interface unit interacts with the external device to enable the external device to obtain the status information of the individual cells in the series battery pack.

[0029] The state of charge of the series-connected battery pack is updated based on the collected individual battery state information.

[0030] The updated individual battery status information is sent to the external device.

[0031] Optional, also includes:

[0032] Based on the individual battery status information, determine whether the individual battery status meets the preset equalization start-up conditions;

[0033] When the state of the individual battery meets the preset equalization start-up conditions, the active equalization management system is controlled to perform bidirectional active equalization on the series battery pack.

[0034] The preset equalization start-up conditions include: the minimum single cell voltage is greater than a preset start-up threshold, the maximum single cell voltage difference is less than a preset voltage difference threshold, and the system is in a fault-free state.

[0035] Optionally, the execution of bidirectional active load balancing includes:

[0036] Calculate the first deviation between the maximum single cell voltage and the average voltage, and the second deviation between the average voltage and the minimum single cell voltage;

[0037] When the first deviation value is greater than or equal to the second deviation value, the active equalization management circuit is controlled to perform discharge equalization on the largest single cell.

[0038] When the first deviation value is less than the second deviation value, the active equalization management circuit is controlled to perform charging equalization on the smallest single cell.

[0039] Optional, also includes:

[0040] Obtain the real-time temperature of the series-connected battery pack;

[0041] The balancing current of the active balancing management circuit is adjusted according to the temperature range of the real-time temperature.

[0042] Optional, also includes:

[0043] When the updated battery state of charge is less than a preset alarm threshold, an alarm message is sent to the external device to trigger the external device to execute a preset safety control strategy.

[0044] The present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the battery management method as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0045] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium including computer-readable instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the battery management method as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0046] The present invention also provides a drone, including a drone body, the drone further including a battery management system as described in any of the preceding claims, the battery management system being detachably mounted to the drone body via the interface unit.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] This invention provides a battery management system, method, device, medium, and drone. Energy on / off control is achieved through the physical plugging and unplugging of interface units, avoiding the need for electronic power switching devices in the main circuit. This effectively simplifies the main circuit design and reduces hardware complexity and control difficulty. Furthermore, by using a series-connected battery pack to form a direct-connected main circuit with external devices, the number of intermediate devices in the main circuit is reduced, effectively lowering conduction losses and improving energy transfer efficiency.

[0049] The present invention has other features and advantages, which will be apparent from or will be set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which together serve to explain the particular principles of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge of a drone battery pack used in a battery management system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3This is a charging schematic diagram of a drone battery pack used in a battery management system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a battery management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is another flowchart of a battery management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is another flowchart of a battery management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 This is another flowchart of a battery management method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Reference numerals: 10. Battery Management System; 11. Series Battery Pack; 12. Active Balancing Management Circuit; 121. Flyback Bidirectional Active Balancing Unit; 122. Bluetooth Master Control Unit; 123. Battery Information Acquisition Unit; 124. Wired Communication Unit; 125. Power Conversion Unit; 126. Data Storage Unit; 127. Antenna Unit; 128. Button Control Unit; 13. Interface Unit; 14. Fuse. Detailed Implementation

[0059] To illustrate the possible application scenarios, technical principles, implementable specific solutions, and achievable objectives and effects of this application in detail, the following description, in conjunction with the listed specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed explanation. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0060] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it specifically limit its independence or connection with other embodiments. In principle, in this application, as long as there are no technical contradictions or conflicts, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form corresponding implementable technical solutions.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the use of related terms herein is merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.

[0062] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" logical relationship.

[0063] In this application, terms such as “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, hierarchy or order relationship between these entities or operations.

[0064] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” or other similar expressions in this application is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, or product that includes the stated elements, such that a process, method, or product that includes a list of elements may include not only those defined elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, or product.

[0065] Similar to the understanding in the Examination Guidelines, in this application, expressions such as "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; expressions such as "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups" and "multiple times," unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the space-related expressions used, such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings. They are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments of this application or for the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0067] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting," as used in the description of the embodiments of this application, should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art to which this application pertains, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] Traditional battery management systems typically use electronic switches or relays in the main circuit to control the on / off state of energy, but this approach introduces additional power consumption, control complexity, and potential failure risks.

[0069] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention simplifies the main circuit control logic from the system architecture level by designing a direct-connection main circuit structure between the series battery pack and external devices, and by using the physical plugging and unplugging of the interface unit as a means of energy on / off control.

[0070] Meanwhile, the active balancing management circuit continuously collects and analyzes the status of individual cells, enabling active adjustment of battery consistency without interfering with the main circuit power supply.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 1 Specifically, this embodiment of the invention provides a battery management system 10, including a series battery pack 11, an active balancing management circuit 12, and an interface unit 13.

[0072] The series-connected battery pack 11 is composed of multiple individual batteries connected in series and is used to provide working power for external devices.

[0073] The active balancing management circuit 12 is electrically connected to the series battery pack 11. It is used to collect the state parameters such as voltage and current of each individual battery cell, and to perform bidirectional active balancing control on the series battery pack 11 when it detects that there are inconsistencies between individual batteries.

[0074] The interface unit 13 is used to establish an electrical connection with external devices. The series battery pack 11 forms a direct main circuit with the external devices through the interface unit 13. The system does not set an additional main circuit on / off switch, but achieves the energy on / off of the main circuit through the physical plugging and unplugging of the interface unit 13.

[0075] In this embodiment, a direct-connect main circuit is adopted, and energy on / off control is achieved through the physical plug-in / plug-out of the interface unit 13. This eliminates the redundant power switches in the traditional battery management system 10, significantly simplifying the circuit structure. Simultaneously, the integrated design of the active balancing management circuit 12 enables real-time monitoring of individual battery status, ensuring battery pack consistency. Furthermore, the direct-connect plug-in structure supports rapid battery replacement, avoiding prolonged equipment downtime for charging and significantly improving operational continuity and efficiency.

[0076] In some alternative implementations, the battery management system 10 includes an overcurrent protection component. Specifically, the overcurrent protection component includes a fuse 14 connected in series in the direct-connected main circuit to disconnect the circuit in the event of an abnormally large current in the main circuit.

[0077] Understandably, since the direct-connected main circuit does not have an electronic switch, its safety relies on a passive protection mechanism. By connecting a fuse 14 in series in the main circuit, when a short circuit, overload, or abnormal operating condition occurs, the fuse 14 is used to quickly melt when the current exceeds the rated threshold, thereby cutting off the energy path and preventing damage to the battery pack and external equipment.

[0078] In some alternative implementations, the active balancing management circuit 12 further includes a flyback bidirectional active balancing unit 121 and a Bluetooth master control unit 122, the Bluetooth master control unit 122 being used to execute battery management control logic and perform wireless communication.

[0079] In this embodiment, the Bluetooth master control unit 122 is based on a Bluetooth chip and embedded firmware (software), and includes necessary peripheral devices such as a reference source, crystal oscillator, memory, and logic circuits.

[0080] Specifically, the flyback bidirectional active equalization unit 121 includes a flyback transformer and a channel switching matrix switch; the Bluetooth master control unit 122 realizes bidirectional energy transfer between the single cell and the series battery pack 11 by controlling the channel switching matrix switch.

[0081] Generally, flyback topologies provide electrical isolation and bidirectional energy flow, including the necessary switching matrix to switch battery channels, making them suitable for energy redistribution among multiple individual cells.

[0082] In this embodiment, the flyback transformer is selectively connected to different individual battery cells via a channel switching matrix switch, allowing energy to be transferred from high-voltage cells to low-voltage cells, or to recharge individual cells from the entire battery pack. The Bluetooth master control unit 122, as the unified control core, is responsible for both balancing strategy decisions and communication tasks, which helps reduce the number of control units and achieves high-efficiency, low-loss active balancing.

[0083] In this embodiment, the acquisition of state parameters such as voltage and current of each individual battery cell is performed by the battery information acquisition unit 123. The battery information acquisition unit 123 mainly acquires data such as individual battery cell voltage, temperature, and total voltage, and can communicate with the controller unit (the mainstream communication methods are I2C, UART, or SPI).

[0084] In some alternative implementations, the active equalization management circuit 12 also includes a wired communication unit 124; the Bluetooth master control unit 122 is connected to the flight control unit of an external device through the wired communication unit 124.

[0085] It is understandable that in high-reliability scenarios such as drones, single wireless communication may be subject to interference. In this embodiment, by introducing a wired communication unit 124, the Bluetooth master control unit 122 can establish a stable data link with the flight control unit for the exchange of critical status information. At the same time, wireless communication can serve as an auxiliary or backup channel, improving the reliability and real-time performance of data communication, thereby meeting the high reliability requirements of the flight control system for critical battery data.

[0086] In some optional implementations, the active balancing management circuit 12 further includes a power conversion unit 125. The power conversion unit 125, centered on a BCUK circuit, an LDO circuit, or a flyback circuit, provides suitable operating voltages to relevant system units.

[0087] In some alternative implementations, the active balancing management circuit 12 further includes a data storage unit 126 for storing a battery OCV value table.

[0088] In some alternative implementations, the active equalization management circuit 12 further includes a button control unit 128 for receiving emergency button control commands.

[0089] In some alternative implementations, the active equalization management circuit 12 further includes an antenna unit 127, which includes a PCB-onboard antenna for connecting to the Bluetooth master control unit 122 for wireless data interaction.

[0090] Specifically, the PCB-on-board antenna is directly integrated on the battery management system 10 circuit board, eliminating the need for an external antenna structure, reducing assembly complexity and mechanical interfaces, which helps to reduce system size and weight, and adapt to vibration environments.

[0091] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-3 The following detailed description is provided with reference to specific embodiments.

[0092] In this series battery pack 11, the number of individual cells is n=13 (n≥3). The series battery pack 11 is a 13-cell ternary lithium battery pack with a total voltage of 48V and a nominal voltage of 3.6V for each individual cell. The specific working principle and process are as follows:

[0093] (1) Battery status information acquisition and communication interaction

[0094] The battery information acquisition unit 123 in the active balancing management circuit 12 continuously acquires the voltage (V1, V2, ..., V13) and battery temperature information of the 13 individual batteries in the series battery pack 11, and simultaneously acquires the total voltage Vbat of the battery pack, and transmits all the acquired status data to the Bluetooth master control unit 122.

[0095] The Bluetooth master control unit 122 establishes a communication connection with external devices through the communication bus of the wired communication unit 124 (specifically, isolated RS485 communication is used in this embodiment). The external devices include drone devices and charging devices. Both of them act as communication hosts and distinguish their identities through preset different communication IDs and addresses, ensuring that the Bluetooth master control unit 122 accurately identifies the type of currently connected device and executes the corresponding control logic.

[0096] (2) Discharge scenario workflow (adapted to UAV equipment)

[0097] When the battery management system 10 (i.e., the rechargeable battery pack of the drone) is inserted into the battery compartment of the drone through the interface unit 13, the direct-connect main circuit is quickly activated, providing power to the drone, and the drone immediately starts operating.

[0098] On the one hand, the flight control unit acquires the battery pack's SOC status information and fault information (such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overtemperature, etc.).

[0099] On the other hand, the flight control unit periodically transmits the sampling operating current of the UAV equipment back to the Bluetooth master control unit 122 via communication messages.

[0100] After receiving the sampled operating current, the Bluetooth master control unit 122 combines the battery OCV value table pre-stored in the data storage unit 126 and dynamically updates the SOC data through integration calculation. The updated SOC data is synchronously stored in the data storage unit 126 and fed back to the UAV flight control unit in real time, providing data support for UAV operation planning.

[0101] The Bluetooth master control unit 122 monitors the battery status in real time. When it detects an abnormal battery status (such as overvoltage, undervoltage, or overtemperature) or when the SOC (State of Charge) is lower than a preset alarm threshold (in this embodiment, the preset first threshold is 20%), it immediately sends an alarm message to the flight control unit via the communication bus. After obtaining the SOC value and low battery alarm information, the UAV flight control unit determines the optimal return-to-home time point through a preset trajectory calculation algorithm and initiates the return-to-home procedure to avoid the UAV being unable to return effectively due to insufficient battery power.

[0102] Preferably, the ground pilot can establish a wireless Bluetooth communication connection with the Bluetooth master control unit 122 through a mobile terminal (such as a mobile APP), remotely obtain real-time status information of the battery pack (including single cell voltage, temperature, SOC, fault information, etc.) through the antenna unit 127 (PCB board antenna), and send remote control commands to further improve operational flexibility and ease of operation.

[0103] (3) Charging scenario workflow (adapting to charging equipment)

[0104] When the battery pack's SOC is too low or needs to be replenished, the user can physically remove the battery management system 10 from the drone's battery compartment via the interface unit 13 and then insert it into the charging battery compartment of the charging device. The charging device integrates a charging control unit, which establishes information interaction with the Bluetooth master control unit 122 via a communication bus: the charging control unit obtains the battery pack's status information in real time, while the Bluetooth master control unit 122 sends charging request commands to the charging control unit, including key parameters such as charging current and charging termination conditions.

[0105] During the charging process, the Bluetooth master control unit 122 reads the preset active balancing start threshold in the data storage unit 126 in real time. When the balancing start condition is met, it controls the flyback bidirectional active balancing unit 121 to start and perform bidirectional active balancing operation on the series battery pack 11 to ensure that the voltage of each individual battery remains consistent during the charging process, thus ensuring the stability of the drone's flight time during subsequent operations.

[0106] (4) Two-way active balance control

[0107] In this embodiment, the bidirectional active balancing control strategy is as follows:

[0108] A. Balanced Startup Conditions

[0109] The Bluetooth master control unit 122 activates the flyback bidirectional active equalization unit 121 if and only if all of the following conditions are met: ① The minimum single cell voltage Vmin is greater than the preset activation threshold V1 (if it is a lithium iron phosphate battery, V1 is preset to 3V); ② The maximum voltage difference between each single cell is less than the preset threshold V2 (in this embodiment, V2 is preset to 20mV); ③ The battery management system 10 has no faults (no undervoltage, overvoltage, overtemperature, or other fault signals).

[0110] B. Equilibrium Closure Condition

[0111] The Bluetooth master control unit 122 immediately shuts down the flyback bidirectional active equalization unit 121 when any of the following conditions occur: ① minimum single cell voltage Vmin ≤ preset start-up threshold V1; ② maximum voltage difference between individual cells ≤ V2 - hysteresis threshold V3 (in this embodiment, V3 is preset to 5mV, i.e., voltage difference ≤ 15mV); ③ the system detects a fault (including undervoltage, overvoltage, overtemperature and other protection signals).

[0112] C. Equilibrium Algorithm

[0113] The Bluetooth master control unit 122 first calculates the average value Vav of all individual battery voltages, and then calculates the first deviation value (the difference between the maximum individual battery voltage Vmax and Vav, i.e., Vmax-Vav) and the second deviation value (the difference between Vav and the minimum individual battery voltage Vmin, i.e., Vav-Vmin). If the first deviation value is greater than or equal to the second deviation value, the flyback bidirectional active balancing unit 121 is controlled to perform discharge balancing on the maximum individual battery, transferring its excess energy to the battery pack. If the first deviation value is less than the second deviation value, the flyback bidirectional active balancing unit 122 is controlled to perform charging balancing from the battery pack to the minimum individual battery, replenishing its energy gap.

[0114] D. Dynamic adjustment of equalization current

[0115] The Bluetooth master control unit 122 automatically adjusts the balancing current based on the real-time temperature obtained by the battery information acquisition unit 123: when the battery temperature is below 0℃, the balancing current is adjusted to 0.5A to avoid damage to the battery caused by high current balancing at low temperatures; when the battery temperature is above 0℃, the balancing current is adjusted to 1A to improve balancing efficiency and shorten balancing time.

[0116] (5) Cyclic working mechanism

[0117] Once the charging device has finished charging (the battery pack is fully charged) or the user has terminated charging, the battery management system 10 can be removed from the battery compartment of the charging device and reinserted into the battery compartment of the drone device to repeat the discharge scenario workflow of steps 3-7 above, thus achieving a "charging-discharging-recharging" cycle.

[0118] Through the above design, the battery management system 10 provided in this embodiment eliminates the power switching unit in the traditional main circuit. It achieves energy on / off control through the physical plug-and-play of the direct-connect main circuit and the interface unit 13, which not only makes the battery smaller and lighter, but also meets the lightweight requirements of drones. At the same time, this embodiment uses the integrated control of the Bluetooth main control unit 122 and the flyback bidirectional active balancing strategy to ensure the consistency of the battery pack, extend the battery life and the drone's range. In addition, the detachable modular structure and dual-scene adaptability ensure the continuous operation time of the drone, improve the system's flexibility and economy, and have a significant cost-performance advantage.

[0119] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the present invention also provides a battery management method, which is applied to the battery management system 10 as described above.

[0120] Please refer to Figure 4 Specifically, the method includes:

[0121] S1. When the battery management system 10 is inserted into the battery compartment of an external device through the interface unit 13, the external device is powered through the direct-connection main circuit formed by the interface unit 13.

[0122] S2. Collect the status information of individual cells in the series battery pack 11 through the active balancing management circuit 12;

[0123] S3. Interact with external devices through interface unit 13 so that external devices can obtain the status information of individual cells in the series battery pack 11.

[0124] S4. Update the state of charge of the series battery pack 11 based on the collected individual battery status information.

[0125] S5. Send the updated individual battery status information to an external device.

[0126] Understandably, when the battery management system 10 is plugged into an external device, it can quickly establish a power supply and communication link without complicated adaptation operations, ensuring that the device can start up and operate quickly.

[0127] Furthermore, the active balancing management circuit 12 collects the status information of individual batteries in real time and synchronizes it to external devices, enabling external devices (such as UAV flight control units) to accurately grasp the battery status and provide data support for operation planning and fault prediction.

[0128] In addition, dynamic updates of the state of charge ensure that the equipment obtains real-time and accurate power information, avoiding work interruptions or insufficient battery life caused by misjudgment of power, and improving the reliability of equipment operation.

[0129] Please refer to Figure 5In some optional implementations, the method further includes:

[0130] S61. Based on the individual cell status information, determine whether the individual cell status meets the preset equalization start-up conditions.

[0131] S62. When the state of a single cell meets the preset equalization start-up conditions, the active equalization management system is controlled to perform bidirectional active equalization on the series battery pack 11.

[0132] In step S61, the preset equalization start-up conditions include: the minimum single cell voltage is greater than the preset start-up threshold, the maximum single cell voltage difference is less than the preset voltage difference threshold, and the system is in a fault-free state.

[0133] By clearly defining the activation conditions for bidirectional active balancing, precise triggering and intelligent control of the balancing function can be achieved. Balancing is only initiated when the minimum individual cell voltage meets the standard, the voltage difference is within a reasonable range, and the system is fault-free, thus avoiding energy loss caused by ineffective balancing operations and improving balancing efficiency.

[0134] At the same time, this start-up condition can effectively avoid the safety risks of performing equalization under battery undervoltage, overvoltage or fault conditions, and ensure the safety of battery and system operation.

[0135] Please refer to Figure 6 In some optional implementations, step S62, performing bidirectional active balancing, includes:

[0136] S621. Calculate the first deviation between the maximum single cell voltage and the average voltage, and the second deviation between the average voltage and the minimum single cell voltage.

[0137] S622. When the first deviation value is greater than or equal to the second deviation value, control the active equalization management circuit 12 to perform discharge equalization on the largest single cell.

[0138] S623. When the first deviation value is less than the second deviation value, control the active equalization management circuit 12 to perform charging equalization on the smallest single cell.

[0139] The aforementioned steps involve determining the balancing direction by calculating the deviation between the maximum and minimum cell voltages and the average voltage, making the balancing operation more targeted. Compared to a single-direction balancing strategy, this approach can flexibly select "maximum cell discharge" or "minimum cell charge" based on the actual voltage distribution of the battery pack. This quickly brings the voltage of each cell closer to the average level, avoiding overcharging or over-discharging of some cells, maximizing the rated energy of the battery pack, further enhancing battery consistency, and extending the overall battery life.

[0140] Please refer to Figure 7In some optional implementations, the method further includes:

[0141] S71, Obtain the real-time temperature of the series-connected battery pack 11;

[0142] S72. Adjust the balancing current of the active balancing management circuit 12 according to the temperature range of the real-time temperature.

[0143] In the aforementioned steps, reducing the balancing current in a low-temperature environment can prevent balancing damage to the battery caused by low-temperature characteristics and ensure battery safety; while using a larger balancing current at a suitable temperature can improve the balancing speed and efficiency and ensure that the battery pack quickly recovers its consistency.

[0144] Therefore, this implementation takes into account both the balancing effect and battery safety under different temperature scenarios, broadens the applicable temperature range of the system, and enables the battery management system 10 to operate stably and reliably in complex environments.

[0145] In some alternative implementations, the method further includes:

[0146] When the updated battery state of charge is less than the preset alarm threshold, an alarm message is sent to the external device to trigger the external device to execute the preset safety control policy.

[0147] Understandably, the low battery warning mechanism can provide timely warnings about the remaining battery life of external devices.

[0148] Specifically, when the state of charge is below a preset threshold, an alarm message is promptly sent to external devices, enabling these devices (such as drones) to execute safety control strategies (such as return to home or landing) in advance. This avoids the risk of equipment loss of control, operation interruption, or crash due to power depletion, significantly improving the safety of equipment operation. At the same time, the alarm message provides users with clear power reminders, making it easier for them to plan their work time or replace batteries in a timely manner, further enhancing the flexibility and continuity of equipment operation.

[0149] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this invention provides a computer device including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the battery management method as described above.

[0150] This computer device provides a stable and efficient operating platform for the methods provided in the aforementioned embodiments by storing and executing computer programs corresponding to the battery management methods. When the processor executes the program, it can quickly realize core functions such as status acquisition, equalization control, and information interaction, with a fast computational response speed that meets the real-time requirements of the battery management system 10. The memory can stably store key information such as battery OCV value tables, equalization thresholds, and status data, providing data support for method execution. The device has a conventional and highly versatile structure, adaptable to battery management systems 10 in different scenarios, ensuring the stable implementation and efficient operation of the battery management methods.

[0151] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this invention provides a computer-readable storage medium including computer-readable instructions, which, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the above-mentioned battery management methods.

[0152] This computer-readable storage medium can stably store computer-readable instructions for implementing battery management methods, facilitating the transmission, copying, and deployment of these instructions. Through the storage medium's role as a carrier, the corresponding battery management methods can be conveniently applied to different computer devices or battery management systems 10, improving the versatility and portability of the methods. Simultaneously, the stable storage characteristics of the storage medium ensure that instructions are not lost or damaged, guaranteeing the reliable execution of the battery management methods and facilitating the mass production and technological promotion of the battery management system 10.

[0153] Based on the foregoing embodiments, this embodiment of the invention provides a drone, including a drone body, and the drone further includes a battery management system 10 as described in any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the battery management system 10 is detachably installed on the drone body via the interface unit 13.

[0154] In this embodiment, the aforementioned battery management system 10 is detachably installed on the drone body, perfectly adapting to the drone's operational needs.

[0155] Among its features, the detachable design supports quick battery replacement, preventing the drone from being shut down for extended periods due to charging and significantly improving its continuous operation capability. The core design of the battery management system 10, such as its direct-connect main circuit and active balancing function, effectively reduces the drone's weight (lightweighting), increases its range, and ensures flight safety. At the same time, the system's standardized interface with the drone body eliminates the need for complex modifications to the drone, facilitating user maintenance and battery replacement, and enhancing the drone's flexibility and economy.

[0156] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the text and drawings of this application, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. Any technical solutions resulting from equivalent structural or procedural substitutions or modifications made based on the essential concept of this application and utilizing the content described in the text and drawings of this application, as well as the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the above embodiments to other related technical fields, are all included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that, include: Series battery pack; An active balancing management circuit is electrically connected to the series-connected battery pack and is used to collect individual battery status information and perform bidirectional active balancing control on the series-connected battery pack. An interface unit is used to establish an electrical connection with external devices; in, The series-connected battery pack forms a direct-connected main circuit with the external device through the interface unit, and the energy on / off control of the direct-connected main circuit is achieved by physically plugging and unplugging the interface unit.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery management system includes overcurrent protection components; The overcurrent protection component includes a fuse connected in series in the direct-connected main circuit.

3. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active equalization management circuit also includes a flyback bidirectional active equalization unit and a Bluetooth master control unit; The Bluetooth master control unit is used to execute battery management control logic and perform wireless communication; The flyback bidirectional active equalization unit includes a flyback transformer and a channel switching matrix switch; The Bluetooth master control unit controls the channel switching matrix switch to realize bidirectional energy transfer between the single battery and the series battery pack. The active equalization management circuit also includes a wired communication unit; The Bluetooth master control unit is connected to the flight control unit of the external device through the wired communication unit.

4. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active equalization management circuit also includes an antenna unit, which includes a PCB-on-board antenna for connecting to the Bluetooth master control unit for wireless data interaction.

5. A battery management method, characterized in that, The method, applied to a battery management system as described in any one of claims 1-4, comprises: When the battery management system is inserted into the battery compartment of an external device through the interface unit, it supplies power to the external device through the direct-connection main circuit formed by the interface unit. The active balancing management circuit collects the status information of individual cells in the series-connected battery pack. The interface unit interacts with the external device to enable the external device to obtain the status information of the individual cells in the series battery pack. The state of charge of the series-connected battery pack is updated based on the collected individual battery state information. The updated individual battery status information is sent to the external device.

6. The battery management method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the individual battery status information, determine whether the individual battery status meets the preset equalization start-up conditions; When the state of the individual battery meets the preset equalization start conditions, the active equalization management system is controlled to perform bidirectional active equalization on the series battery pack. The preset equalization start-up conditions include: the minimum single cell voltage is greater than the preset start-up threshold, the maximum single cell voltage difference is less than the preset voltage difference threshold, and the system is in a fault-free state. The execution of bidirectional active load balancing includes: Calculate the first deviation between the maximum single cell voltage and the average voltage, and the second deviation between the average voltage and the minimum single cell voltage; When the first deviation value is greater than or equal to the second deviation value, the active equalization management circuit is controlled to perform discharge equalization on the largest single cell. When the first deviation value is less than the second deviation value, the active equalization management circuit is controlled to perform charging equalization on the smallest single cell. The battery management method further includes: Obtain the real-time temperature of the series-connected battery pack; The balancing current of the active balancing management circuit is adjusted according to the temperature range of the real-time temperature.

7. The battery management method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, Also includes: When the updated battery state of charge is less than a preset alarm threshold, an alarm message is sent to the external device to trigger the external device to execute a preset safety control strategy.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the battery management method as described in any one of claims 5 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It includes computer-readable instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the battery management method as described in any one of claims 6-10.

10. A drone, comprising a drone body, characterized in that, The drone also includes a battery management system as described in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the battery management system is detachably mounted to the drone body via the interface unit.

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