Deicing unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of low-altitude deicing, and particularly relates to a deicing unmanned aerial vehicle which comprises a deicing mechanism and a vehicle body, the deicing mechanism comprises a base, the base is arranged on the vehicle body, the deicing mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the lower portion of the vehicle body in the height direction of the vehicle body, and the deicing unmanned aerial vehicle further comprises at least two deicing mechanisms, the two deicing mechanisms are staggered or overlapped on the deicing area, each deicing mechanism comprises a water storage tank and a water spraying pipe, the water storage tanks are arranged on the base and used for supplying water to the water spraying pipes, and one ends of the water spraying pipes are fixedly arranged on the base; and the recycling assembly is used for collecting ice slag and comprises a power cylinder, and the power cylinder is installed on the outer wall of the water spraying pipe. The device is simple in structure, propeller power lift-off, high-pressure water spraying deicing, flexible adjustment of the spraying angle and circulating water supply of ice residue recycling and melting are combined, the cruising ability and comprehensive efficiency of deicing operation are greatly improved, meanwhile, various operation hidden dangers are avoided, and people can use the device conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-altitude de-icing technology, and more particularly to a de-icing drone. Background Technology

[0002] Wind turbine blades are the core components of wind turbines for capturing wind energy. In winter, wind farms in northern my country, mountainous areas, and near-shore areas generally face low temperatures, rain, snow, and freezing conditions, making it extremely easy for ice to accumulate on the blade surface. Blade icing directly alters the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil, causing a significant decrease in the unit's power generation, with losses exceeding 30% in severe cases. Simultaneously, uneven icing exacerbates unbalanced loads on the blades, leading to unit vibration, structural fatigue damage, and even major safety accidents such as blade breakage and tower overturning. Furthermore, ice detachment from high-altitude blades forms high-speed ejected ice debris, posing a serious safety threat to wind farm maintenance personnel, surrounding equipment, and infrastructure. Therefore, efficient and safe de-icing of wind turbine blades has become a core necessity for the stable operation of wind farms in winter.

[0003] With the rapid development of drone technology, water-spraying de-icing drones have become increasingly popular in low-altitude de-icing operations due to their advantages such as maneuverability, wide operating range, and the elimination of the need for personnel to approach dangerous areas. They have become an important supplement to traditional de-icing methods. The core working principle of existing de-icing drones is to carry a water tank on the drone. A high-pressure water pump pressurizes the water in the tank, which is then sprayed onto the ice-covered surface through nozzles. The impact force of the water flow breaks up the ice layer, or the ice is melted by warm water, achieving the purpose of de-icing. These drones are widely used for de-icing operations on power line insulators, low-altitude communication equipment, and small bridges, effectively avoiding the safety risks of manual high-altitude operations and improving the flexibility of de-icing operations.

[0004] However, existing de-icing drones still face numerous technical bottlenecks in practical applications, such as operational interruptions due to limited water capacity. Because of the drone's limited payload capacity, the water tank cannot meet the demands of continuous de-icing operations. Once the water in the tank is depleted, the drone must interrupt its de-icing operation, return to a designated water source to replenish its water supply, and then fly back to the work area to continue. This frequent return-to-water operation significantly increases the drone's flight distance and energy consumption, reducing the efficiency of de-icing operations. Furthermore, the operational interruptions allow ice to accumulate at the de-icing site due to rain or snow, causing the optimal de-icing time to be missed and increasing the risk of icing on facilities.

[0005] Meanwhile, existing de-icing drones rely on a limited approach, using only the impact of water flow or the melting effect of warm water to remove ice, resulting in limited efficiency. For thick, hard ice, simple water jets are insufficient to quickly break the ice layer, requiring prolonged and continuous spraying, further increasing water consumption and leading to more frequent return trips for water replenishment, creating a vicious cycle. Furthermore, during existing water spray de-icing processes, the water jets breaking the ice layer generate a large amount of splashed ice debris, which mostly scatters into the surrounding environment, causing damage to personnel and equipment below. Especially in power line de-icing scenarios, the scattered ice debris may adhere to other line components, creating new icing hazards.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need to provide a de-icing drone to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a de-icing drone that solves the problems of limited water carrying capacity leading to frequent operation interruptions, single de-icing method with low efficiency, and secondary hazards caused by ice slag splashing.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A de-icing drone includes a de-icing mechanism and a body. The de-icing mechanism includes a base mounted on the body, and the de-icing mechanism is positioned at the lower part of the body along its height. The drone also includes: At least two de-icing mechanisms are interleaved or overlapped in the de-icing area. Each de-icing mechanism includes a water storage tank and a water spray pipe. The water storage tank is installed on the base and is used to supply water to the water spray pipe. One end of the water spray pipe is fixedly installed on the base. The recycling component is used to collect ice shavings. The recycling component includes a power cylinder, which is installed on the outer wall of the water spray pipe. The power cylinder is equipped with a collection tray with suction holes. The power cylinder is connected to a negative pressure pump through a pipe. The water-melting component is used to heat and melt ice slag. The water-melting component includes a spiral friction cylinder, which is installed in the water storage tank. The spiral friction cylinder has a spiral channel. One end of the channel is connected to the exhaust port of the negative pressure pump through a pipe, and the other end of the channel has an overflow port. The spiral channel is used to guide ice slag and airflow along the spiral path, prolonging the contact time and friction frequency between the ice slag and the channel wall, and converting kinetic energy into heat energy to preheat and melt the ice slag.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the spiral friction cylinder is provided with a spiral blade along the length direction and a central rod fixed inside the spiral friction cylinder with its peripheral wall fitting the spiral inner diameter of the spiral blade. The spiral blade, the friction cylinder and the central rod divide the space inside the spiral friction cylinder into a spiral channel.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the water storage tank is provided with a partition, which divides the interior of the water storage tank into a water storage chamber and a water treatment chamber, and the partition is provided with a filter plate that connects the water treatment chamber and the water storage chamber.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the water treatment chamber is provided with at least one end of a separation plate whose height is level with the bottom of the filter plate. The end of the separation plate that is level with the bottom of the filter plate is connected to the partition and is inclined upward in a direction away from the water storage chamber.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the water treatment component further includes a heat-conducting plate correspondingly disposed on the side wall of the water treatment chamber and in contact with the negative pressure pump. The heat-conducting plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the spiral friction cylinder, and the heat-conducting plate is correspondingly disposed with the negative pressure pump.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the power cylinder is correspondingly sleeved at the end away from the water-cooling component. An ice-vibrating component is provided inside the power cylinder. The ice-vibrating component includes a rotating sleeve rotatably disposed inside the power cylinder. The rotating sleeve is circumferentially arranged with a plurality of power blades. The rotating sleeve is also circumferentially spaced with a plurality of single-headed clubs. The length of the single-headed club is greater than the length of the power blades. A plurality of double-headed clubs are arranged in a circumferential array on the power cylinder. The double-headed clubs correspond one-to-one with the single-headed clubs. The double-headed clubs are slidably connected to the power cylinder, with one end located inside the power cylinder and the other end located outside the power cylinder. The double-headed clubs are also provided with elastic elements. The elastic elements act on the double-headed clubs, allowing the double-headed clubs to contact the single-headed clubs.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this application, it further includes: a pusher and a liftable lifting column, wherein the pusher is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the machine body, the first end of the lifting column is connected to the pusher and the second end is rotatably connected to the base, and the de-icing mechanism is rotatably mounted on the lifting column through the base.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this application, an adjustment component is installed on the peripheral wall of the lifting column. The at least one adjustment component is connected to the base and is used to drive the base to rotate in order to adjust the spray angle of the de-icing mechanism. The adjustment component includes a pair of toothed rings, a gear, a rotating rod, and a motor. The toothed rings are fixedly connected to the base. The gears are rotatably disposed between adjacent toothed rings and mesh with the toothed rings. The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the gears and is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the lifting column. The motor is installed inside the lifting column and connected to the rotating rod.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the bottom of the machine body is symmetrically equipped with hovering frames, and the hovering frames are hinged with limit plates, which are slidably connected to the lifting column; the bottom end of the lifting column is fixed with a base.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the de-icing mechanism further includes a pump body, which is mounted on the base, with its input end connected to the water storage chamber and its output end connected to the water spray pipe; a camera is mounted on the bottom of the machine body, and a bracket for supporting the camera is installed on the machine body; a water inlet is provided on the water storage tank, and a power supply interface is provided on the bottom of the machine body; a controller and a battery are provided inside the machine body, the controller is connected to each electrical component via signal, and the battery supplies power to the controller and each electrical component.

[0018] The de-icing drone described in this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This solution collects broken ice slag through a recycling component, and then heats and melts the ice slag with a water melting component, returning it to the water storage tank. This achieves the recycling of ice slag and provides water for de-icing after melting, reducing the number of times the water spraying drone needs to return to collect water, reducing flight energy consumption, extending the duration of a single de-icing operation, and avoiding missing the best de-icing opportunity, thereby solving the problem of insufficient water carrying capacity of the drone. 2. This solution utilizes a high-frequency vibration composite de-icing mode of the ice-breaking component during high-pressure water jet impact operations. While the water flow breaks up the ice layer, the double-headed ball rod vibrates the ice layer at high frequency, which greatly improves the processing efficiency of thicker and harder ice and increases the work efficiency of de-icing. 3. The adjustment component of this solution uses gear and ring gear meshing to drive the base and de-icing mechanism to deflect synchronously, and can achieve the effect of water spraying and de-icing by using different angles according to the de-icing operation; 4. The negative pressure recovery component of this solution collects ice slag in a centralized manner, avoiding problems such as water waste caused by ice slag splashing and scattering, injury from falling ice from high altitudes, and secondary adhesion and icing of ice slag, thereby improving the safety and environmental protection of de-icing operations; 5. This solution converts the kinetic energy of the high-speed airflow generated by the negative pressure pump into frictional heat energy by setting up a spiral friction cylinder. This forms a synergistic effect with the waste heat from the negative pressure pump, resulting in multiple heat sources that significantly improve the de-icing efficiency, achieve cascaded utilization of energy, and further reduce energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention includes the following figures: The accompanying drawings are provided to better understand the invention and are not intended to unduly limit the scope of the invention. Wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a de-icing drone according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The present invention provides a de-icing drone. Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of part A in the image.

[0021] Figure 3 The present invention provides a de-icing drone. Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part B in the diagram.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a top-view structural diagram of a de-icing drone according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the de-icing mechanism and adjustment components of a de-icing drone according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gears, gear rings, rotating rods, and motors of a de-icing drone according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the water tank portion of a de-icing drone according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a side view of the water tank portion of a de-icing drone according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power cylinder portion of a de-icing drone according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral friction cylinder portion of a de-icing drone according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the spiral friction cylinder of a de-icing drone according to the present invention.

[0030] The correspondence between the numbers in the attached diagram is as follows: 1-Main body; 2-Arm; 201-Drive unit; 202-Propeller; 3-Lifting column; 301-Gear; 302-Gear ring; 303-Rotor; 304-Motor; 305-Base; 4-Base; 401-Water spray pipe; 402-Pump body; 403-Water storage tank; 5-Negative pressure pump; 501-Conveying pipe; 502-Power cylinder; 503-Collection tray; 504-Air outlet; 6-Rotating sleeve; 601-Power blade; 602-Double-headed ball rod; 603-Spring; 604-Single-headed ball rod; 605-Separation plate; 606-Filter plate; 607-Heat-conducting plate; 608-Spiral friction cylinder; 609-Spiral blade; 610-Overflow outlet; 7-Camera; 8-Hovering frame; 801-Limit plate; 9-Electric push rod; 10-Water inlet; 11-Power supply interface. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This detailed description is an illustration in conjunction with exemplary embodiments of the invention, including various details of the embodiments to aid understanding, and should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0032] Specifically, refer to Figures 1-11 As shown, a de-icing drone includes a de-icing mechanism, a body 1, and several arms 2 distributed around the body 1. Each arm 2 has a drive unit 201 fixed on its end away from the body 1. A propeller 202 is rotatably mounted on the drive unit 201. The de-icing mechanism includes a base 4, which is mounted on the body 1. The de-icing mechanism is also positioned at the lower part of the body 1 along the height direction of the body 1. The drone also includes: At least two de-icing mechanisms are interleaved or overlapped in the de-icing area. Each de-icing mechanism includes a water storage tank 403 and a water spray pipe 401. The water storage tank 403 is installed on the base 4 and is used to supply water to the water spray pipe 401. One end of the water spray pipe 401 is fixedly installed on the base 4. The recycling component is used to collect ice shavings. The recycling component includes a power cylinder 502, which is installed on the outer wall of the water spray pipe 401. The power cylinder 502 is equipped with a collection plate 503 with suction holes. The power cylinder 502 is connected to the negative pressure pump 5 through a pipe. The water-melting component is used to heat and melt ice slag. The water-melting component includes a spiral friction cylinder 608, which is correspondingly installed in the water storage tank 403. The spiral friction cylinder 608 has a spiral channel. One end of the channel is connected to the exhaust port of the negative pressure pump 5 through a pipe, and the other end of the channel has an overflow port 610. The spiral channel is used to guide ice slag and airflow along the spiral path, prolonging the contact time and friction frequency between the ice slag and the channel wall, and converting kinetic energy into heat energy to preheat and melt the ice slag.

[0033] Based on the above, the following supplementary explanation is provided: The water-spraying drone uses a drive unit 201 on its arm 2 (the drive unit 201 consists of a drive motor 304 and a housing; the drive motor 304 is installed inside the housing, and its output shaft is connected to the propeller 202) to drive the propeller 202 to rotate at high speed. This pushes the air downwards and, in the opposite direction, pushes the drone upwards, thus achieving takeoff. When it reaches the area to be de-iced, the water tank 403 serves as the water source. A pump supplies water through a water pipe to the water spray pipe 401, achieving the effect of spraying water to break up the ice and remove it. Under the impact of the water flow, the ice at the area to be de-iced is broken into ice shards of varying sizes. Through the suction generated by the negative pressure pump 5, the ice shards produced by the water spray de-icing enter the power cylinder 502 through the suction hole on the collection plate 503 and are then transported to the water tank 403 for recycling, thus achieving the effect of recycling the ice shards and avoiding... To avoid the splashing and scattering of ice shards during water spraying for de-icing, which could lead to accidental injuries, the ice shards are further broken down when they enter and collide with the collection tray 503. It is worth noting that because some water seeps into the ice block during the impact, the resulting ice shards are more fragile, making them easier to collect and melt. The collected ice shards enter the spiral friction cylinder 608, where airflow causes them to circulate and rub against each other, achieving preheating and melting. This application features two de-icing mechanisms that can work in tandem to simultaneously de-ice the area from multiple angles without dead zones, improving efficiency. Alternatively, a single de-icing mechanism can only de-ice one area at a time. The number of de-icing mechanisms can also be three, four, etc.

[0034] Compared to existing water-spraying de-icing drones, this structure significantly improves endurance and continuous operation capabilities: the recovery component collects broken ice slag, which is then heated and melted into water by the water melting component and returned to the water storage tank 403, realizing the recycling of water resources. This greatly alleviates the problem of insufficient water carrying capacity caused by the drone's payload limitations, reduces the number of times it needs to return to retrieve water, reduces flight energy consumption, extends the effective de-icing time per operation, improves the overall de-icing operation efficiency, and avoids missing the best de-icing opportunity due to frequent interruptions in operation.

[0035] In this embodiment, a spiral blade 609 is provided along the length direction inside the spiral friction cylinder 608, and a central rod is fixed inside the spiral friction cylinder 608 and its peripheral wall fits against the spiral inner diameter of the spiral blade 609. The spiral blade 609, the friction cylinder and the central rod divide the space inside the spiral friction cylinder 608 into a spiral channel.

[0036] Based on the above mechanism, the following explanation is provided: Due to the spiral blades 609 installed inside the spiral friction cylinder 608, the movement trajectory of the ice slag and airflow can be changed from linear motion to spiral motion. At the same time, the ice slag is thrown against the cylinder wall. Under the action of centrifugal force, the contact pressure between the ice slag and the cylinder wall and blades increases, and the friction efficiency is greatly improved. The ice slag frequently collides with the spiral blades 609 and the cylinder wall. Each collision converts part of the kinetic energy into heat energy, causing the surface temperature of the ice slag to rise gradually. Within 0.5-1 seconds of the ice slag passing through the spiral friction cylinder 608, the temperature can rise by 10-20°C, and a micron-sized water film is formed on the surface. Some of the tiny ice slag even melts completely.

[0037] In this embodiment, a partition is provided inside the water storage tank 403, which divides the interior of the water storage tank 403 into a water storage chamber and a water treatment chamber. A filter plate 606 is provided on the partition to connect the water treatment chamber and the water storage chamber. A separation plate 605 is provided inside the water treatment chamber, with at least one end of its height being flush with the bottom of the filter plate 606. The end of the separation plate 605 that is flush with the bottom of the filter plate 606 is connected to the partition and is inclined upward in a direction away from the water storage chamber.

[0038] Based on the above, the following explanation is provided: The separation plate 605 is connected to the partition plate and is inclined towards the overflow port 610. It uses gravity to form a directional material flow path. The pre-melted ice slag entering the water melting chamber from the overflow port 610 of the spiral friction cylinder 608 will flow naturally towards the bottom of the water melting chamber along the inclined plate surface, avoiding random accumulation in the chamber. The water melting chamber is the core area for ice slag melting. The overflow port 610 of the spiral friction cylinder 608 discharges pre-melted ice slag and a small amount of incompletely melted tiny ice particles. If the water storage tank 403 is not partitioned, the unmelted ice slag will directly mix into the water supply channel of the de-icing mechanism, which can easily cause blockage of the pump body 402 water intake end and blockage of the spray nozzle of the spray pipe 401, resulting in a sudden drop in high-pressure water flow and failure of the spraying effect. The physical separation of the baffles ensures that the water storage chamber only receives clean water after the water has completely melted in the de-icing chamber, preventing solid ice slag from entering the de-icing mechanism from the source. This ensures the continuous and stable operation of core components such as the pump body 402 and the water spray pipe 401, eliminates operation interruptions caused by blockages, and reduces wear on the impeller of the pump body 402 and the inner wall of the water pipe, thus extending the service life of the equipment.

[0039] In this embodiment, the water treatment component also includes a heat-conducting plate 607 correspondingly disposed on the side wall of the water treatment chamber and in contact with the negative pressure pump 5. The heat-conducting plate 607 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the spiral friction cylinder 608, and the heat-conducting plate 607 is correspondingly disposed with the negative pressure pump 5.

[0040] Based on the above, the following supplementary explanation is provided: During continuous operation, the negative pressure pump 5 generates a large amount of low-grade waste heat due to the operation of the motor 304 and the compression of the air path. Directly releasing this heat into the air would result in energy waste. However, the heat-conducting plate 607 is precisely positioned to correspond with the negative pressure pump 5, directly contacting its heating components to quickly and directionally absorb the waste heat generated. This eliminates the need for additional heating wires, heating tubes, or other active heating devices, thus not increasing the drone's energy consumption or power supply load. Simultaneously, the core function of the negative pressure pump 5 is to provide negative pressure for adsorbing ice slag. The waste heat it generates, originally a byproduct, is recovered by the heat-conducting plate 607 and converted into an effective heat source for melting the ice slag. This achieves the dual function of negative pressure adsorption and waste heat energy supply, significantly improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the de-icing drone.

[0041] In this embodiment, the power cylinder 502 is sleeved at the end furthest from the water-cooling component. An ice-vibrating component is installed inside the power cylinder 502. The ice-vibrating component includes a rotating sleeve 6 rotatably disposed within the power cylinder 502. The rotating sleeve 6 has a plurality of power blades 601 arranged circumferentially, and a plurality of single-headed sticks 604 are also spaced apart circumferentially on the rotating sleeve 6. The length of each single-headed stick 604 is greater than the length of the power blades 601. A plurality of double-headed sticks 602 are arranged in a circular array on the power cylinder 502. Each double-headed stick 602 corresponds one-to-one with a single-headed stick 604. The double-headed sticks 602 are slidably connected to the power cylinder 502, with one end located inside the power cylinder 502 and the other end located outside the power cylinder 502. Each double-headed stick 602 also has an elastic element that acts on it, allowing the double-headed stick 602 to contact the single-headed sticks 604.

[0042] Based on the above mechanism, the following supplementary explanation is provided: When the suction force generated by the negative pressure pump 5 draws ice shavings and airflow through the suction hole on the collection plate 503 into the power cylinder 502, the airflow can drive the power blade 601 to rotate. The power blade 601 drives the rotating sleeve 6 to rotate, and then the rotating sleeve 6 drives the single-headed cue stick 604 to perform circular motion. When several single-headed cue sticks 604 rotate, they will contact several double-headed cue sticks 602, squeezing the double-headed cue sticks 602 to extend out of the power cylinder 502, while compressing the elastic element. The elastic element can be a spring 603, or alternatively, it can be... The use of rubber rings, etc., is not limited. When the single-ended cue 604 is not in contact with the double-ended cue 602, the force of releasing the compressed spring 603 drives the double-ended cue 602 to move and reset. This reciprocating motion enables the double-ended cue 602 to achieve high-frequency reciprocating extension and retraction. When the water spray pipe 401 sprays water to remove ice, the double-ended cue 602 can vibrate the surrounding ice blocks and cooperate with the water spray pipe 401 to accelerate the de-icing effect. In addition, a rubber strip can be wrapped around the circumference of the collection tray 503 to prevent the collection tray 503 from rubbing against objects and damaging the surface paint during operation.

[0043] The adsorption reaction force generated by the negative pressure pump 5 and the vibration reaction force generated by the icing assembly are both compensated and adjusted in real time by the UAV's flight control system. The system can detect the magnitude and direction of the reaction force in the range of -50N to 50N in real time and transmit the signal to the controller. The controller adjusts the output power of the drive unit 201 of each arm 2 according to the reaction force parameters and changes the rotation speed of the propeller 202. The effect of the reaction force on the UAV's hovering is offset by differential power compensation. At the same time, a rubber shock-absorbing pad is set between the limit plate 801 of the lifting mechanism and the lifting column 3, which can buffer and attenuate the high-frequency vibration of the icing assembly. The shock absorption efficiency is ≥85%, which reduces the transmission of vibration to the fuselage and further ensures the hovering stability of the UAV.

[0044] In this embodiment, it also includes: a pusher and a liftable lifting column 3. The pusher is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the body 1. The first end of the lifting column 3 is connected to the pusher and the second end is rotatably connected to the base 4. The de-icing mechanism is rotatably mounted on the lifting column 3 through the base 4.

[0045] Based on the above, the following supplementary explanation is provided: the pushing component uses an electric push rod 9. In addition, other alternative components can be used, taking into account the size and weight of the alternative components. They should be smaller and lighter than the electric push rod 9, or have the same size and weight as the electric push rod 9. The electric push rod 9 can drive the lifting column 3 to move downward. During this process, the limiting plate 801 is used to limit the lifting column 3, which also enables the limiting plate 801 to provide a certain stabilizing effect when the lifting column 3 is extended. The electric push rod 9 drives the lifting column 3 to lower the de-icing mechanism to the height suitable for blade operation, so that the operating mechanism and the drone fuselage form a safe distance, avoiding interference of the drone rotor airflow with the sprayed water, and at the same time avoiding the fuselage from rubbing against the blades and tower, which greatly improves the safety of high-altitude operations.

[0046] In this embodiment, at least one adjustment component is installed on the peripheral wall of the lifting column 3. The adjustment component is connected to the base 4 and is used to drive the base 4 to rotate to adjust the spray angle of the de-icing mechanism. The adjustment component includes a pair of toothed rings 302, a gear 301, a rotating rod 303, and a motor 304. The toothed rings 302 are fixedly connected to the base 4. The gear 301 is rotatably disposed between adjacent toothed rings 302 and meshes with the toothed rings 302. The rotating rod 303 is fixedly connected to the gear 301 and is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the lifting column 3. The motor 304 is installed inside the lifting column 3 and connected to the rotating rod 303.

[0047] Based on the above mechanism, the following supplementary explanation is provided: Motor 304 drives rotating rod 303 to rotate. When rotating rod 303 drives gear 301 to rotate, gear 301 meshes with adjacent gear rings 302, causing the adjacent gear rings 302 to rotate in opposite directions. Gear rings 302 drive base 4 to rotate on lifting column 3. Base 4 drives water spray pipe 401 to rotate, achieving angle adjustment to facilitate de-icing operations at different angles. Gear 301 is supported by rotating rod 303, which is rotatably connected to lifting column 3. The circumferential teeth of gear 301 are located on the circumferential surface of adjacent gear rings 302 and mesh with their teeth. The tooth surfaces of 302 are arranged opposite each other. The motor 304 is installed by a placement groove on the outer wall of the lifting column 3 on the side opposite to the gear 301. The motor 304 is placed in the placement groove, and the groove opening is fitted with a cover with heat dissipation holes by bolts. This application uses an adjustment component to adjust the angle of the two de-icing mechanisms. Compared with setting an adjustment component for each de-icing mechanism separately, it saves cost and installation space. Considering the weight of the drone, using an adjustment component to drive the two de-icing mechanisms not only completes the angle adjustment of the de-icing mechanisms, but also reduces the weight of the drone's load, further increasing the drone's endurance.

[0048] In this embodiment, a hovering frame 8 is symmetrically installed at the bottom of the body 1, and a limiting plate 801 is hinged between the hovering frames 8. The limiting plate 801 is slidably connected to the lifting column 3; a base 305 is fixed at the bottom end of the lifting column 3.

[0049] In this embodiment, the de-icing mechanism also includes a pump body 402, which is mounted on the base 4. Its input end is connected to the water storage chamber, and its output end is connected to the water spray pipe 401. A camera 7 is provided at the bottom of the body 1, and a bracket for supporting the camera 7 is installed on the body 1. A water inlet 10 is provided on the water storage tank 403, and a power supply interface 11 is provided at the bottom of the body 1. A controller and a battery are provided inside the body 1. The controller is connected to each electrical component via signal, and the battery supplies power to the controller and each electrical component.

[0050] The base 4 can be equipped with water channels that gradually narrow from coarse to fine to increase the water flow. The water from the spray pipe 401, after being physically pressurized through these channels, forms a high-pressure jet that impacts the ice layer. Its core function is to break the adhesion between the ice layer and the working surface, and to shatter thick ice layers into centimeter-sized ice shards (this is the basic effect of conventional high-pressure water spray de-icing; the water pressure can be adjusted by the power of the pump body 402 (model HSP11068TW) to adapt to different ice thicknesses, which is a conventional technical approach). The device can be adapted to different ice types, such as clear ice and rime, and different working surfaces by adjusting the power of the pump body 402 (water pressure), the spray angle, and the working height. Furthermore, the core logic of negative pressure adsorption is only related to the ice shard particle size and has no direct relation to the type of ice. The collection tray 503 is located next to the water spray nozzle. Crushing, refining and recycling are carried out simultaneously in the same area. As soon as ice slag is formed, it is adsorbed by negative pressure and there is no scattering. The suction of the negative pressure pump 5 and the ice vibration frequency form a positive feedback, and the crushing amount and recycling amount are dynamically matched, which is sufficient to meet the subsequent meltwater replenishment needs.

[0051] Based on the above, the following supplementary explanation is provided: the battery can supply power to the controller in real time. The controller can directly send start and stop commands to the drive motor 304, motor 304, electric push rod 9, etc., to control the water jet drone to perform operations. In addition, a photovoltaic panel can be installed on the top of the body 1 to convert light energy into electrical energy to continuously supply power to the battery that is electrically connected to it.

[0052] The implementation principle of a de-icing drone according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: During operation, the battery inside the body 1 powers the controller. The controller sends a start command to the drive unit 201 (drive motor) on each arm 2. The drive motor drives the propeller 202 to rotate at high speed, generating lift to take off the drone and fly to the de-icing area. The controller activates the electric push rod, pushing the lifting column 3 downward to lower the base 4 and the de-icing mechanism to a suitable working height. During this process, the limiting plate 801 between the hovering frames 8 slides and limits the lifting column 3 to ensure its stable vertical movement. The base 305 at the bottom of the lifting column 3 descends to a height lower than the hovering frame 8, and supports the drone in place of the hovering frame 8 when hovering. Pump 402 starts, drawing water from water tank 403 through water pipe. The water flows through the water pipe to base 4. Base 4 has a gradually tapering water channel that physically pressurizes the water flow. The pressurized water flows through spray pipe 401 and is sprayed at high speed onto the ice-covered surface. The impact force of the water flow breaks up the ice layer. When the spray direction needs to be adjusted, the controller starts motor 304 inside lifting column 3. Motor 304 drives rotating rod 303 to rotate. Gear 301 on rotating rod 303 rotates accordingly. Through meshing with two adjacent gear rings 302, the gear rings 302 are driven to rotate in opposite directions. The gear rings 302 drive base 4 and spray pipe 401 to rotate on lifting column 3, realizing water spraying. The angle can be flexibly adjusted to achieve the effect of de-icing operations from different directions and angles. While spraying water to de-ice, the suction generated by the negative pressure pump 5 draws air into the power cylinder 502. The airflow blows the power blades 601 inside the power cylinder 502 to rotate. The power blades 601 drive the rotating sleeve 6 and the single-headed ball rod 604 to make circular motion. The rotating single-headed ball rod 604 intermittently squeezes the double-headed ball rod 602 and compresses the spring 603. After the single-headed ball rod 604 leaves, the spring 603 releases, causing the double-headed ball rod 602 to quickly return to its original position, realizing high-frequency reciprocating extension and retraction. The extension and retraction of the double-headed ball rod 602 generates vibration and impact on the ice around the water nozzle. Combined with the sprayed water flow, it can more efficiently break up thicker and harder ice. The negative pressure pump 5 operates continuously, generating suction at the suction hole on the collection plate 503 at the front end of the power cylinder 502. The ice slag produced by water spraying and breaking is sucked into the suction hole and enters the power cylinder 502 with the airflow. It then enters the delivery pipe 501 through the power cylinder 502 and is finally delivered to the water storage tank 403. When the ice slag and gas enter the water storage tank 403, the gas is discharged through the corresponding air outlet 504 set at the top of the water storage tank 403, and the ice slag is temporarily stored in the water storage tank 403, thus completing the gas-solid separation.

[0053] Ice slag and airflow enter the spiral friction cylinder 608 through the recovery hole 611, where they undergo high-speed spiral motion guided by the spiral blades 609. Frequent collisions between the ice slag and the cylinder wall and spiral blades convert kinetic energy into heat energy, rapidly raising the ice slag temperature by 10-20°C. Simultaneously, the high-speed airflow friction with the wall generates aerodynamic heating, creating a hot air environment. The pre-melted ice slag enters the water-melting chamber through the overflow port 610. At the same time, the heat-conducting plate 607 diffuses the heat generated by the negative pressure pump 5 to the water-melting chamber area, providing auxiliary heating for the ice slag. Under the synergistic effect of the triple heat sources of "frictional heat + aerodynamic heat + conduction heat," the ice slag quickly and completely melts. The separation plate 605 inside the water-melting chamber is inclined downwards, and the melted water flows to the filter plate 606 under gravity, is filtered, and then flows into the water storage chamber for storage, to be used in subsequent water spray de-icing cycles.

[0054] All structures in this application can be customized in terms of material and length according to actual usage. The attached drawings are schematic structural diagrams, and the actual dimensions can be adjusted accordingly.

[0055] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art based on the content disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection set forth in the claims.

Claims

1. A de-icing drone, comprising a de-icing mechanism and a body, characterized in that, The de-icing mechanism includes a base, which is mounted on the machine body, and the de-icing mechanism is positioned at the lower part of the machine body along the height of the machine body. It also includes: The de-icing mechanism is interwoven or overlapped in the de-icing area. The de-icing mechanism includes a water storage tank and a water spray pipe. The water storage tank is set on the base and is used to supply water to the water spray pipe. One end of the water spray pipe is fixedly set on the base. The recycling component is used to collect ice shavings. The recycling component includes a power cylinder, which is installed on the outer wall of the water spray pipe. The power cylinder is equipped with a collection tray with suction holes. The power cylinder is connected to a negative pressure pump through a pipe. The water-melting component is used to heat and melt ice slag. The water-melting component includes a spiral friction cylinder, which is installed in the water storage tank. The spiral friction cylinder has a spiral channel. One end of the channel is connected to the exhaust port of the negative pressure pump through a pipe, and the other end of the channel has an overflow port. The spiral channel is used to guide ice slag and airflow along the spiral path, prolonging the contact time and friction frequency between the ice slag and the channel wall, and converting kinetic energy into heat energy to preheat and melt the ice slag.

2. The de-icing drone as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral friction cylinder has spiral blades along its length and a central rod fixed inside the spiral friction cylinder with its circumferential wall fitting the spiral inner diameter of the spiral blades. The spiral blades, friction cylinder, and central rod divide the space inside the spiral friction cylinder into spiral channels.

3. The de-icing drone as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage tank is equipped with a partition that divides the interior of the water storage tank into a water storage chamber and a water treatment chamber. The partition is also equipped with a filter plate that connects the water treatment chamber and the water storage chamber.

4. The de-icing drone as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The water treatment chamber is provided with at least one separation plate whose height is level with the bottom of the filter plate. The end of the separation plate that is level with the bottom of the filter plate is connected to the partition and is inclined upward in a direction away from the water storage chamber.

5. The de-icing drone as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The water treatment assembly also includes a heat-conducting plate correspondingly disposed on the side wall of the water treatment chamber and in contact with the negative pressure pump. The heat-conducting plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the spiral friction cylinder, and the heat-conducting plate is correspondingly disposed with the negative pressure pump.

6. The de-icing drone as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The power cylinder is fitted onto the end furthest from the water-cooling component. An ice-vibrating component is installed inside the power cylinder. The ice-vibrating component includes a rotating sleeve rotatably mounted inside the power cylinder. The rotating sleeve has several power blades arranged circumferentially, and several single-headed clubs are also spaced apart circumferentially on the rotating sleeve. The length of each single-headed club is greater than the length of the power blades. Several double-headed clubs are arranged in a circumferential array on the power cylinder. Each double-headed club corresponds one-to-one with a single-headed club. The double-headed clubs are slidably connected to the power cylinder, with one end inside the power cylinder and the other end outside. Each double-headed club also has an elastic element that acts on it, allowing the double-headed club to contact the single-headed clubs.

7. The de-icing drone as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The device includes a pusher and a liftable lifting column. The pusher is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the machine body. The first end of the lifting column is connected to the pusher, and the second end is rotatably connected to the base. The de-icing mechanism is rotatably mounted on the lifting column via the base.

8. The de-icing drone as described in claim 7, characterized in that: At least one adjusting component is installed on the peripheral wall of the lifting column. The adjusting component is connected to the base and is used to drive the base to rotate in order to adjust the spray angle of the de-icing mechanism. The adjusting component includes a pair of toothed rings, a gear, a rotating rod, and a motor. The toothed rings are fixedly connected to the base. The gears are rotatably disposed between adjacent toothed rings and mesh with the toothed rings. The rotating rod is fixedly connected to the gears and is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the lifting column. The motor is installed inside the lifting column and is connected to the rotating rod.

9. The de-icing drone as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the machine body is symmetrically equipped with hovering frames, and limit plates are hinged between the hovering frames. The limit plates are slidably connected to the lifting column; the bottom end of the lifting column is fixed with a base.

10. The de-icing drone as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The de-icing mechanism also includes a pump body, which is mounted on the base. Its input end is connected to the water storage chamber, and its output end is connected to the water spray pipe. A camera is installed at the bottom of the machine body, and a bracket for supporting the camera is mounted on the machine body. A water inlet is provided on the water storage tank, and a power supply interface is provided at the bottom of the machine body. A controller and a battery are installed inside the machine body. The controller is connected to each electrical component via signal, and the battery supplies power to the controller and each electrical component.

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