Photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-polluted water treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses a photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-polluted water treatment device, which comprises magnetic carbon, a water tank, a magnetic field device, a transmission device and an illumination assembly, the magnetic carbon is powdery and is placed in the water tank, the magnetic field device is arranged in the water tank, and the magnetic field device is connected with the transmission device and the water tank. The transmission device is located above the magnetic field device and connected to the water tank, the transmission device is connected with the illumination assemblies, the illumination assemblies are vertically arranged in the water tank, the illumination assemblies are arranged in the length direction of the water tank, and the adsorption effect can be enhanced through rotation of the magnetic field device and switching of a magnetic field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, specifically to a photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Antibiotics are a class of drugs used to inhibit or kill bacteria, encompassing many categories such as quinolones, β-lactams, and macrolides. They are widely used in human medicine, veterinary medicine, and livestock farming. However, some antibiotics have low metabolic efficiency, resulting in large quantities of unmetabolized components being discharged unchanged in wastewater, frequently detected in aquatic environments. Environmental residues of antibiotics can induce antibiotic resistance in bacteria, disrupt ecosystem balance, and threaten human immune system health through the food chain, a problem that has garnered significant global public concern. Research on antibiotic wastewater removal has important environmental and public health implications. While relevant treatment technologies exist, traditional methods still face many unresolved issues.

[0003] Fenton-like catalytic technology for treating antibiotic wastewater has many intractable drawbacks: the traditional Fenton reaction has a narrow pH adaptation range and produces a lot of sludge as a byproduct, which limits the actual treatment effect; conventional carbon-based catalysts have high raw material costs and are difficult to prepare, resulting in low cost-effectiveness; the catalytic performance of sludge biochar is significantly improved after modification, but the microstructure after modification is unclear and the impact of calcium compound residues is not well understood, making it difficult to scale up the process for industrial application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] A photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device is proposed, comprising magnetic carbon, a water tank, a magnetic field device, a transmission device, and a light-illuminating component. The magnetic carbon is in powder form and is placed inside the water tank. The magnetic field device is located inside the water tank and is connected to the transmission device and the water tank. The transmission device is located above the magnetic field device and connected to the water tank. The transmission device is connected to the light-illuminating component. There are multiple sets of light-illuminating components, all vertically arranged inside the water tank, and the light-illuminating components are arranged along the length of the water tank.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water tank includes a tank body, a tank cover, a duckbill buckle, a valve, a liquid level sensor, and a filter screen. The tank cover is located above the tank body, and a set of duckbill buckles is provided on both sides of the tank cover. The tank cover is connected to the tank body through the duckbill buckles. The magnetic field device is located below the tank cover and is connected to the tank cover. The transmission device is located inside the tank cover. The valve is located at the outlet of the tank body and is connected to the tank body. The liquid level sensor is located inside the water tank and is located below the tank cover, and the liquid level sensor is connected to the tank cover. The filter screen is located at the inlet of the tank body. When in use, the liquid level sensor can detect the height of the wastewater level entering the water tank, thereby preventing excessive wastewater from overflowing the water tank and causing leakage.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic field device includes a rotating shaft, a first magnet, a moving shaft, and a second magnet. Multiple sets of rotating shafts are arranged along the length of the tank body, with the rotating shafts vertically positioned. The top of each rotating shaft is inserted into the tank cover and connected to a transmission device. Each set of rotating shafts has three shafts, arranged along the width of the tank body. Each rotating shaft has a set of first magnets, arranged along the axis of the rotating shaft. Two sets of moving shafts are arranged horizontally inside the tank, arranged along the length of the tank body. Each set of moving shafts has two shafts, arranged along the height of the tank body. Each rotating shaft has a set of second magnets, arranged along the axis of the rotating shaft. The first and second magnets are detachably connected to the rotating shaft and the moving shaft. After a period of use, the first and second magnets can be disassembled for magnetization and cleaning.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first magnet and the second magnet are positioned at the intersection of the moving axis and the rotating axis to increase the disturbance of the spatial magnetic field, resulting in a composite magnetic field. The rotation increases the stirring, thereby achieving dynamic adsorption.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission device includes a rotating assembly and a reciprocating moving assembly. There are three sets of rotating assemblies, all located inside the cover and connected to three rotating shafts. There are two sets of reciprocating moving assemblies, also located inside the cover, with their positions corresponding to the positions of the two moving shafts. The transmission device, in use, can drive the magnetic field device to move, thereby changing the relative positions of the first and second magnets. This increases the contact area between the second magnet and the wastewater, while the first magnet agitates the wastewater, thus promoting convection.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating assembly includes a first gear, a fixed frame, a second gear, a chain, a first motor, and a PLC controller. There are four first gears connected to three rotating shafts in the same group. Two first gears are connected to the rotating shaft in the middle position, and one first gear is connected to each of the two rotating shafts on either side. The fixed frame is located on one side of the rotating shaft. There are two second gears, located below the fixed frame and on a rotating shaft located to one side of the fixed frame, respectively. The first gears and two second gears on adjacent rotating shafts are connected by a chain. The first motor is located above the fixed frame, and its output end is connected to the second gear located below the fixed frame. The PLC controller is located inside the housing cover and is electrically connected to the first motor and the second motor of the reciprocating motion assembly. After starting, the first motor drives the first and second gears to rotate via the chain. When the first and second gears rotate, they drive the rotating shaft and the first magnet to rotate.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reciprocating moving assembly includes a second motor, a moving rod, a rotating rod, a sliding rod, a slide rail, and a slider. The second motor is located inside the tank cover. The moving rod is vertically positioned at the output end of the second motor. The rotating rod is positioned between the moving rod and the motor, with one end connected to the output shaft of the second motor. The other end of the rotating rod is provided with a sliding rod, which is inserted into a pre-set groove at the end of the moving rod. There are two slide rails, both located inside the water tank. The two slide rails are respectively located at both ends of the same group of moving shafts. Each of the two slide rails contains a slider. The two ends of the three moving shafts in the same group are respectively connected to two sliders. The lower end of the moving rod is connected to the slider below it. After the second motor is started, it can drive the moving shaft and the second magnet to move up and down reciprocally, thereby increasing the contact area between the second magnet and the wastewater.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple sets of light-transmitting tubes are provided below the box cover. Each light-transmitting tube contains a set of lighting components. The light-transmitting tubes are made of transparent material, and optical fibers are placed inside the light-transmitting tubes. Therefore, the light emitted by the optical fibers during operation can pass through the light-transmitting tubes and come into contact with the wastewater.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the illumination assembly includes an array base, optical fibers, LEDs, a switch, and a battery. The array base is located inside the housing cover and above the light-transmitting tube. Multiple optical fibers are arranged inside the light-transmitting tube, with the top ends of the optical fibers fixed to the array base. Diffused optical fibers are used. Each array base has an LED above it, connected to the housing cover. The switch is located above the LEDs and in the middle of the two sets of rotating components. The switch is electrically connected to the PLC controller and the LEDs. The battery is located on one side of the PLC controller and is electrically connected to the PLC controller and the LEDs. Diffused optical fibers are preferred. The light emission position of the diffused optical fibers can be changed according to usage requirements. Therefore, the light emission position of the diffused optical fibers can be changed according to the depth of the wastewater, thereby ensuring that wastewater at different depths can come into contact with the ultraviolet light emitted by the diffused optical fibers.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the magnetic carbon fabrication process includes the following steps; Step 1: Sludge pretreatment: Take sludge with a moisture content of 80% after dewatering, place it in an electric constant temperature drying oven and dry it for 24 hours to remove free water. Then crush the dried sludge and filter it using a standard sieve to obtain sludge powder with uniform particle size. Step 2, Low-temperature carbonization under nitrogen protection: The sieved sludge powder is loaded into a vacuum atmosphere tube furnace, heated and maintained at the temperature under nitrogen protection, and then naturally cooled to room temperature after carbonization. The product, namely sludge-based biochar (SC), is then taken out. Step 3, sulfur doping modification: The weighed sludge-based biochar was added to analytical grade sulfuric acid, stirred and soaked. After soaking, it was transferred to a Buchner funnel for stirring and washing. Then, it was repeatedly rinsed with deionized water. The washed sample was then placed in a drying oven to dry, thus obtaining sulfur-doped sludge-based biochar (SSC). Step 4: Imparting magnetic response: Prepare a mixed solution of iron salts, and then place the mixed solution in a nitrogen atmosphere and stir for 10 minutes to remove dissolved oxygen from the solution; Step 5, In-situ co-precipitation loading reaction: Weigh out sludge-based biochar (SC) or sulfur-doped sludge-based biochar (SSC), add it to the above deoxygenated iron salt mixed solution, stir evenly under nitrogen protection, then add ammonia water, and then transfer the reaction system to a constant temperature water bath, and react for 2 hours while keeping it stirred. Step 6: Separation, washing and drying: After the reaction is completed, solid-liquid separation is performed using a magnet to collect the biochar loaded with magnetic components. Then, deionized water and analytical grade anhydrous ethanol are used alternately to wash away salts and impurities. The washed sample is then dried to finally obtain magnetic sludge-based biochar (M-SSC).

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are: This invention enhances the adsorption effect by rotating the magnetic field device and switching the magnetic field, and enhances the photocatalytic effect by changing the gradient of the fiber length. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water tank (the tank is a single unit; a section has been removed to show the internal structure). Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box lid (the lid is a single piece; a section has been removed to show the internal structure). Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water tank structure; Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the connection structure between the box cover and the magnetic field device; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field device viewed from below; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field device from the left. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating shaft and the first magnet; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the movable shaft and the second magnet; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission device (the cover is a single piece; a section has been removed to show the internal structure). Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating assembly structure (the lid is a single piece; a section has been removed to show the internal structure). Figure 12 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 13 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 14 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating moving component structure (the box cover is a single piece; a section has been removed to show the internal structure). Figure 16 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure at point D; Figure 17 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure at point E; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the lighting assembly structure (the cover is a single piece; a section has been removed to show the internal structure). Figure 19 for Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the structure at point F; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of optical fibers within the array holder; In the diagram: 1-Magnetic carbon, 2-Water tank, 21-Tank body, 22-Tank cover, 23-Duckbill buckle, 24-Valve, 25-Liquid level sensor, 26-Filter screen, 3-Magnetic field device, 31-Rotating shaft, 32-First magnet, 33-Moving shaft, 34-Second magnet, 4-Transmission device, 41-Rotating assembly, 411-First gear, 412-Fixed frame, 413-Second gear, 414-Chain, 415-First motor, 416-PLC controller, 42-Reciprocating moving assembly, 421-Second motor, 422-Moving rod, 423-Rotating rod, 424-Sliding rod, 425-Slide rail, 426-Slider, 5-Illumination assembly, 51-Array base, 52-Fiber optic cable, 53-LED, 54-Battery, 6-Light-transmitting tube. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1-20 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0018] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-polluting water treatment device includes magnetic carbon 1, water tank 2, magnetic field device 3, transmission device 4 and light irradiation component 5. The water tank 2 contains antibiotic wastewater, and the magnetic carbon 1 is placed in the wastewater. After treatment, the magnetic carbon 1 retains its own adsorption and filtration function, and is also endowed with magnetism.

[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown, after magnetic carbon 1 is placed in wastewater, magnetic carbon 1 can adsorb and filter antibiotics in the water, and at the same time, the magnetic field can change the position of magnetic carbon 1 in the water. Magnetic field device 3 is set inside water tank 2 and immersed in the wastewater in water tank 2. Magnetic field device 3 is connected to transmission device 4. Magnetic field device 3 can move under the action of transmission device 4, thereby changing the magnetic field in the wastewater.

[0020] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the transmission device 4 is located above the magnetic field device 3 and connected to the water tank 2. When needed, the transmission device 4 can drive the magnetic field device 3 to move, thereby changing the relative position of the magnetic field device 3 and thus changing the magnetic field in the wastewater. There are multiple sets of light-illuminating components 5, all of which are installed in the wastewater inside the water tank 2, and the light-illuminating components 5 are arranged along the length of the water tank 2.

[0021] like Figure 1-3As shown, each group of light-emitting components 5 is connected to the water tank 2. When the light-emitting components 5 are turned on, they will introduce external ultraviolet light into the interior of the wastewater, thereby avoiding the effect of insufficient ultraviolet light intensity inside the wastewater caused by ultraviolet light only illuminating the surface of the wastewater.

[0022] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the water tank 2 includes a tank body 21, a tank cover 22, a duckbill buckle 23, a valve 24, a liquid level sensor 25, and a filter screen 26. The water tank 2 is made of hard metal material, and the inner wall surface of the water tank 2 is treated by polishing process, so the inner wall surface of the water tank 2 is smooth and can reflect light. The inner wall of the water tank 2 is coated with a reflective coating (such as a nano-level high diffuse reflection optical coating or water-based waterproof reflective coating, etc.).

[0023] like Figure 4-5 As shown, when the ultraviolet light introduced by the light-emitting component 5 shines on the inner wall of the water tank 2, it can be reflected by the inner wall of the water tank 2. The tank cover 22 is set above the tank body 21, the magnetic field device 3 is connected to the tank cover 22, and the transmission device 4 is connected to the inside of the tank cover 22.

[0024] like Figure 4-5 As shown, when the box cover 22 is moved, the magnetic field device 3 and the transmission device 4 can be moved synchronously through the box cover 22, so as to remove the magnetic field device 3 from the wastewater for easy cleaning. There are two sets of duckbill buckles 23, which are respectively set on both sides of the box cover 22 (the duckbill buckles 23 used are existing products, so they will not be described in detail).

[0025] like Figure 4-5 As shown, each set of duckbill buckles 23 has two buckles, and the two duckbill buckles 23 are arranged along the length of the box cover 22. The box cover 22 is connected to the box body 21 through the duckbill buckles 23, thereby preventing the box cover 22 from falling off the box body 21 during use. The box body 21 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. The valve 24 is located at the water outlet of the box body 21 and connected to the box body 21. The valve 24 used is preferably an electric butterfly valve (electric butterfly valve is an existing product, so it will not be described in detail).

[0026] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the electric valve 24 is connected to the PLC controller 416 of the transmission device 4. Therefore, the electric valve 24 can be switched on and off by the PLC controller 416 when needed. The liquid level sensor 25 is located below the tank cover 22 and is fixed by threads to prevent displacement. After the wastewater enters the interior of the water tank 2,

[0027] like Figure 4-5As shown, the liquid level sensor 25 can detect the liquid level of wastewater inside the water tank 2, thereby preventing excessive wastewater inside the water tank 2. The liquid level sensor 25 is connected to the PLC controller 416 of the transmission device 4. The PLC controller 416 has an expansion module (such as an SMS alarm) to realize remote alarm. Therefore, when the liquid level is at the required position, the PLC controller 416 can automatically send an SMS to the staff.

[0028] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the filter screen 26 is installed at the water inlet of the tank 21. A protrusion is provided at the water inlet of the tank 21 at the position of the filter screen 26. The filter screen 26 is placed on the protrusion. When the wastewater enters the interior of the tank 21 through the water inlet, it can be filtered through the filter screen 26, thereby preventing impurities in the wastewater from entering the interior of the tank 21 and blocking the water outlet of the tank 21.

[0029] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the filter screen 26 is placed on the boss and the outer wall of the filter screen 26 is in contact with the inner wall of the water inlet of the housing 21. Therefore, when filtering through the filter screen 26, displacement of the filter screen 26 can be avoided. After using the filter screen 26 for a period of time, the filter screen 26 can be removed from the water inlet of the housing 21 and then replaced with a new filter screen 26.

[0030] like Figure 6-9 As shown, the magnetic field device 3 includes a rotating shaft 31, a first magnet 32, a moving shaft 33, and a second magnet 34. There are three sets of rotating shafts 31, and the three sets of rotating shafts 31 are arranged in the length direction of the water tank 2. The rotating shafts 31 used are stirring shafts. The top of the rotating shaft 31 is provided with a bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed on the lower wall of the tank cover 22.

[0031] like Figure 6-9 As shown, the top end of the rotating shaft 31 passes through the inner ring of the bearing and extends into the interior of the cover 22 to connect with the transmission device 4. The transmission device 4 is located inside the cover 22, and the lower wall of the cover 22 has through holes at the position of each rotating shaft 31 to facilitate the insertion of the top end of the rotating shaft 31 into the interior of the cover 22. There are three rotating shafts in each group.

[0032] like Figure 6-9 As shown, three rotating shafts 31 are arranged in the width direction of the water tank 2. Each rotating shaft 31 is equipped with a set of first magnets 32. There are three first magnets 32 on each rotating shaft 31. The three first magnets 32 are arranged from top to bottom in the direction of the axis of the rotating shaft 31. The shape of the first magnets 32 is like a stirring blade. The first magnets 32 are connected to the rotating shaft 31 by bolt clamping connection.

[0033] like Figure 6-9As shown, when the rotating shaft 31 rotates, it can drive the first magnet 32 ​​to rotate, thereby stirring the wastewater inside the water tank 2 and thus forcing the wastewater to flow. There are two sets of moving shafts 33, both of which are horizontally arranged inside the tank 21. The two sets of moving shafts 33 are located in the middle of the three sets of rotating shafts 31, and each set of moving shafts 33 has a set of rotating shafts 31 on both sides.

[0034] like Figure 6-9 As shown, each set of moving shafts 33 has three moving shafts 33, which are arranged in the height direction of the water tank 2. Each moving shaft 33 is equipped with a set of second magnets 34, and there are three second magnets 34 on each moving shaft 33. The three second magnets 34 are arranged in the axial direction of the moving shaft 33.

[0035] like Figure 6-9 As shown, the second magnet 34 is ring-shaped and is connected to the moving shaft 33 by a key connection. The moving shaft 33 is also connected to the transmission device 4. The moving shaft 33 can move up and down under the action of the transmission device 4. When the moving shaft 33 moves up and down, it can drive the second magnet 34 to move synchronously. The rotating shaft 31 and the first magnet 32 ​​are all connected to the moving shaft 33 and the second magnet 34 by a detachable connection.

[0036] like Figure 6-9 As shown, after adsorption is complete, the magnetic field device 3 can be removed from the box 21 through the box cover 22. Then, the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 can be removed from the moving shaft 33 and the rotating shaft 31. Subsequently, the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 can be cleaned or magnetized. The first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 are located at the intersection of the moving shaft 33 and the rotating shaft 31, and there is a sufficient safety gap between the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 to avoid motion interference.

[0037] like Figure 6-9 As shown, the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 are preferably neodymium iron boron magnets or ferrite magnets. After being magnetized, the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 will have a certain magnetism. Therefore, the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 have a stable magnetic field. So when the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 generate relative motion, the magnetic carbon 1 can be changed in the wastewater through the magnetic field.

[0038] like Figure 10 As shown, the transmission device 4 includes a rotating component 41 and a reciprocating component 42. There are three sets of rotating components 41, and the positions of the three sets of rotating components 41 correspond to the positions of the three sets of rotating shafts 31. The rotating components 41 are connected to the rotating shafts 31, so the rotating shafts 31 can be driven to rotate when needed.

[0039] like Figure 10 As shown, there are two sets of reciprocating motion components 42. The two sets of reciprocating motion components 42 are respectively connected to two sets of moving shafts 33. When in use, the reciprocating motion components 42 can drive the moving shafts 33 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0040] like Figure 10 As shown, the first motor 415 and the second motor 421 used in the transmission assembly are both servo motors with servo drivers, and the first motor 415 and the second motor 421 are both electrically connected to the PLC controller 416. Therefore, the first motor 415 and the second motor 421 can be controlled by the PLC controller 416 during use.

[0041] like Figure 10 As shown, the servo motor used is equipped with an electromagnetic brake device (servo motors with electromagnetic brake devices are existing products, such as the Siemens 1FL6 V90 series, so they will not be described in detail). Therefore, when the first motor 415 and the second motor 421 are off, the electromagnetic brake device will lock the output shafts of the first motor 415 and the second motor 421, thereby preventing the output shafts of the first motor 415 and the second motor 421 from continuing to rotate, thus limiting the position of the moving shaft 33 and the rotating shaft 31 in this way.

[0042] like Figure 11-14 As shown, the rotating assembly 41 includes a first gear 411, a fixed frame 412, a second gear 413, a chain 414, a first motor 415, and a PLC controller 416. Each set of rotating shafts 31 has three shafts, which are arranged in the width direction of the housing 21. There are four first gears 411 connected to the three rotating shafts 31 respectively, and two first gears 411 are connected to the rotating shaft 31 in the middle position.

[0043] like Figure 11-14 As shown, a first gear 411 is connected to each of the two rotating shafts 31 located on both sides. There are two second gears 413 located on the rotating shafts 31 located below the fixed frame 412 and on one side of the fixed frame 412 respectively. The fixed frame 412 is set inside the box cover 22, and the lower end of the fixed frame 412 is fixedly connected to the box cover 22.

[0044] like Figure 11-14 As shown, the first motor 415 is positioned above the fixed frame 412 and connected to the fixed frame 412 by screws. The fixed frame 412 has a through hole at the position of the first motor 415. The second gear 413 located below the fixed frame 412 is connected to the output shaft of the motor by a key connection. The first gears 411 on two adjacent rotating shafts 31 are connected by a chain 414.

[0045] like Figure 11-14As shown, the two second gears 413 are also connected by a chain 414. Therefore, after the first motor 415 is started, the rotating shaft 31 can be driven to rotate through the first gear 411, the second gear 413 and the chain 414. The PLC controller 416 is set inside the cover 22 and can be detachably connected to the cover 22 by mechanical fixing (such as screws).

[0046] like Figure 11-14 As shown, the PLC controller 416 is electrically connected to the first motor 415 and the second motor 421 of the reciprocating motion assembly 42, so the first motor 415 and the second motor 421 can be turned on and off by the PLC controller 416 during use.

[0047] like Figure 15-17 As shown, the reciprocating moving assembly 42 includes a second motor 421, a moving rod 422, a rotating rod 423, a sliding rod 424, a slide rail 425, and a slider 426. The second motor 421 is located inside the box cover 22 and is connected to the box cover 22 by screws. The moving rod 422 is located at the output end of the second motor 421, and the rotating rod 423 is located at the middle position between the moving rod 422 and the second motor 421.

[0048] like Figure 15-17 As shown, one end of the rotating rod 423 is connected to the output end of the second motor 421, and the other end of the rotating rod 423 is provided with a sliding rod 424. The angle between the length direction of the sliding rod 424 and the length direction of the rotating rod 423 is 90 degrees. The upper end of the moving rod 422 is provided with a sliding groove at the position of the sliding rod 424. The sliding groove is set according to the length direction of the box cover 22. One end of the sliding rod 424 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 423.

[0049] like Figure 15-17 As shown, the other end of the sliding rod 424 is inserted into the groove of the moving rod 422. The lower end of the moving rod 422 is connected to the slider 426. The box cover 22 has a square through hole corresponding to the shape of the moving rod 422 at the position of the moving rod 422. The moving rod 422 passes through the square through hole of the box cover 22.

[0050] like Figure 15-17 As shown, after the second motor 421 is started, the moving rod 422 can be driven to move up and down reciprocally through the rotating rod 423 and the sliding rod 424. There are two slide rails 425, both of which are vertically arranged inside the housing 21. The two slide rails 425 are respectively arranged at both ends of the three moving shafts 33. The two slide rails 425 are mechanically fixed to the inner wall of the housing 21.

[0051] like Figure 15-17As shown, each slide rail 425 has a slider 426 inside. The two ends of the three moving shafts 33 are connected to two sliders 426 respectively. The lower end of the moving rod 422 is connected to the slider 426 located below the second motor 421. Therefore, after the second motor 421 is turned on, the moving shafts 33 can be moved up and down by the moving rod 422 and the slider 426.

[0052] like Figure 18-20 As shown, below the lid 22, there are also multiple sets of light-transmitting tubes 6. The light-transmitting tubes 6 are arranged along the length of the water tank 2. Each set of light-transmitting tubes 6 has nine tubes. The nine light-transmitting tubes 6 are arranged along the width of the water tank 2. Each light-transmitting tube 6 is vertically installed inside the tank body 21. The light-transmitting tubes 6 are made of transparent materials (such as glass).

[0053] like Figure 18-20 As shown, when wastewater containing antibiotics is injected into the interior of the tank 21, the light-transmitting tube 6 is immersed in water. The top end of the light-transmitting tube 6 is connected to the lower wall of the tank cover 22 by high-temperature sealing. When the tank cover 22 is connected to the tank 21, the lower end of the light-transmitting tube 6 will contact the inner wall of the tank 21. Each light-transmitting tube 6 is hollow and each light-transmitting tube 6 has an optical fiber 52 inside.

[0054] like Figure 18-20 As shown, the length of the optical fiber 52 is approximately equal to the length of the light-transmitting tube 6. Therefore, when needed, ultraviolet light can be emitted through the end of the optical fiber 52. The light emitted by the optical fiber 52 can pass through the light-transmitting tube 6 and come into contact with the wastewater. Sufficient safe distances are maintained between the light-transmitting tube 6 and the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 to prevent the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 from coming into contact with the light-transmitting tube 6 during movement.

[0055] like Figure 18-20 As shown, the lighting component 5 includes an array base 51, an optical fiber 52, an LED 53, and a battery 54. The inside of the cover 22 is provided with a groove, which is located below the transmission component. The array base 51 and the LED 53 are both located inside the groove. Each light-transmitting tube 6 is provided with an array base 51 above it. The array base 51 is sleeve-shaped and is made of quartz glass or silicon material.

[0056] like Figure 18-20 As shown, there are multiple optical fibers 52, and the end of each fiber is fixed in a sleeve. The optical fibers 52 are then fixed by bonding (UV curing adhesive bonding). The diameter of the array base 51 is smaller than the focused spot of the LED 53. A TIR microlens can also be set between the array base 51 and the LED 53 as needed (the TIR microlens used are existing products, so they will not be described in detail).

[0057] like Figure 18-20As shown, the light emitted by LED53 is emitted uniformly in all directions. The microlens can focus the light emitted by LED53, so that the light emitted by LED53 forms a light spot with uniform brightness. In addition, the aperture and length of each optical fiber 52 are consistent, thus ensuring that the output light capability of each optical fiber 52 is consistent.

[0058] like Figure 18-20 As shown, the optical fiber 52 used is a UV-grade quartz optical fiber 52, and the type of optical fiber 52 is a diffusion optical fiber 52. Therefore, after the light enters the interior of the optical fiber 52, the light can be emitted from the interior of the optical fiber 52. The LED 53 is set above the array base 51 and is bonded and fixed on the box cover 22. The box cover 22 has grooves at the positions of the array base 51 and the LED 53.

[0059] like Figure 18-20 As shown, the LED53 used is an ultraviolet LED53. When using the diffusion fiber 52, the position of the light emission can be adjusted by segmented covering or light-shielding treatment, so as to meet the lighting needs in different positions and ensure that wastewater at different depths can be irradiated by the ultraviolet light emitted by the fiber 52.

[0060] like Figure 18-20 As shown, the array base 51 is located inside the box cover 22. A through hole is provided on the lower wall of the box cover 22 at the position of the light-transmitting tube 6. The diameter of the through hole is the same as the inner diameter of the light-transmitting tube 6. The array base 51 is vertically located inside the box cover 22, and the position of the array base 51 corresponds to the position of the light-transmitting tube 6. Therefore, the optical fiber 52 fixed on the array base 51 can extend into the interior of the light-transmitting tube 6 through the preset through hole on the lower wall of the box cover 22.

[0061] like Figure 18-20 As shown, the lower end of the array base 51 is mechanically fixed to the cover 22 to prevent the array base 51 from shifting during use. The array base 51 is also equipped with a switch for the control circuit, and the switch is connected to the PLC controller 416 of the transmission device 4. The switch used is an electromagnetic relay or contactor, and the switch is connected in series in the circuit between LED 53 and battery 54.

[0062] like Figure 18-20 As shown, the operator can control the switch via the PLC controller 416 to turn the LED 53 on or off. The battery 54 is located above the LED 53 and connected inside the cover 22. The battery 54 is electrically connected to the LED 53 and the PLC controller 416 to provide power to them.

[0063] The fabrication process of magnetic carbon 1 includes the following steps: Step 1: Sludge pretreatment: Take sludge with a dewatering moisture content of 80%, place it in an electric constant temperature drying oven and dry it for 24 hours to remove free water. Then crush the dried sludge and filter it using a standard sieve to obtain sludge powder with uniform particle size.

[0064] Specifically, 10 kg of residual sludge with a moisture content of 80% after dewatering from a municipal sewage treatment plant was taken and placed in a 105℃ electric constant temperature drying oven for 24 hours to remove free water and obtain 2 kg of dry sludge. The dry sludge was then crushed and passed through a 100-mesh standard sieve to obtain sludge powder with uniform particle size.

[0065] Step 2, Low-temperature carbonization under nitrogen protection: The sieved sludge powder is loaded into a vacuum atmosphere tube furnace, heated and maintained at the temperature under nitrogen protection, and then naturally cooled to room temperature after carbonization. The product, namely sludge-based biochar (SC), is then taken out.

[0066] Specifically, the sieved sludge powder was loaded into a STG-1200 laboratory vacuum atmosphere tube furnace from Henan Sante Furnace Industry Co., Ltd., and heated to 600°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min under a nitrogen protective atmosphere (nitrogen flow rate 100mL / min). The temperature was maintained for carbonization for 240 minutes. After carbonization, heating was stopped, and the product was naturally cooled to room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. The product was then removed to obtain approximately 800g of sludge-based biochar (SC).

[0067] Step 3, sulfur doping modification: The weighed sludge-based biochar was added to analytical grade sulfuric acid, stirred and soaked. After soaking, it was transferred to a Buchner funnel for stirring and washing. Then, it was repeatedly rinsed with deionized water. The washed sample was then placed in a drying oven to dry, thus obtaining sulfur-doped sludge-based biochar (SSC).

[0068] Specifically, 50g of sludge-based biochar was weighed and added to 500mL of analytical grade sulfuric acid with a mass fraction of 63.4% (solid-liquid ratio 1:10g / mL). The mixture was stirred and soaked at 150r / min for 24 hours at room temperature of 25±2℃. After soaking, the suspension was transferred to a Buchner funnel and washed with stirring at 200r / min for 10 minutes. Then, it was rinsed repeatedly with deionized water. This process was repeated 3 times until the pH of the filtrate was 7.0±0.2. The washed sample was then dried in a drying oven at 105℃ for 12 hours to obtain approximately 48g of sulfur-doped sludge-based biochar (SSC), which further enhanced the adsorption performance.

[0069] Subsequently, iron(III) oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles can be synthesized and loaded in situ on the surface of sludge-based biochar via co-precipitation, thus endowing the material with magnetic responsiveness (i.e., steps four, five, and six). The specific operation is as follows: Step 4: Imparting a magnetic response: Prepare a mixed solution of iron salts, and then place the mixed solution in a nitrogen atmosphere and stir for 10 minutes to remove dissolved oxygen from the solution.

[0070] Specifically, 3.41 g of analytical grade FeCl2·4H2O and 10.83 g of FeCl3·6H2O were weighed out in a molar ratio of 1:2. FeCl3·6H2O was first added to 1000 mL of deionized water and stirred to dissolve. Then FeCl2·4H2O was added and stirred until completely dissolved to prepare a mixed solution with a total metal ion concentration of 0.4 mol / L. The mixed solution was placed in a nitrogen atmosphere and stirred at a rate of 200 r / min for 10 minutes to remove dissolved oxygen from the solution.

[0071] Step 5, In-situ co-precipitation loading reaction: Weigh out sludge-based biochar (SC) or sulfur-doped sludge-based biochar (SSC), add it to the above deoxygenated iron salt mixed solution, stir evenly under nitrogen protection, then add ammonia water, and then transfer the reaction system to a constant temperature water bath, and react for 2 hours while keeping it stirred.

[0072] Specifically, 50g of sludge-based biochar (or sulfur-doped sludge-based biochar) was weighed and added to the above-mentioned deoxygenated iron salt mixed solution (solid-liquid ratio 1:20g / mL). Nitrogen gas was continuously purged for protection, and the mixture was stirred at a rate of 200-250r / min until homogeneous. Ammonia water with a mass fraction of 25% was added dropwise to adjust the pH of the solution to 9-10. The reaction system was transferred to a 60℃ constant temperature water bath and stirred at a rate of 200-250r / min for 2 hours to allow Fe3O4 nanoparticles to be generated and anchored in situ on the surface and pores of the biochar.

[0073] Step 6: Separation, washing and drying: After the reaction is completed, solid-liquid separation is performed using a magnet to collect the biochar loaded with magnetic components. Then, deionized water and analytical grade anhydrous ethanol are used alternately to wash away salts and impurities. The washed sample is then dried to finally obtain magnetic sludge-based biochar (M-SSC).

[0074] Specifically, after the reaction, solid-liquid separation was performed using an external magnet with a magnetic field strength of 0.5T, and the biochar loaded with magnetic components was collected. The sample was first washed three times with deionized water, and then washed three times with analytical grade anhydrous ethanol (purity ≥99.7%), alternating washing to remove residual salts and impurities. The washed sample was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried for 12 hours at 60℃ and a vacuum degree of -0.08-0.1MPa until the moisture content was ≤5%, finally yielding approximately 62g of magnetic sludge-based biochar (M-SSC).

[0075] Nitrogen gas is maintained throughout the carbonization process to prevent the organic matter in the sludge from being oxidized, thus ensuring the integrity of the biochar pore structure. During the co-precipitation stage, the pH value must be strictly controlled at 9-10 to ensure the generation of high-purity Fe3O4 nanoparticles and avoid the generation of γ-Fe2O3 impurities.

[0076] If pre-synthesized nano-sized Fe3O4 magnetic powder (50-100nm, purity ≥98%) is used directly, the in-situ synthesis step can be skipped. Biochar and magnetic powder are mixed at a mass ratio of 2:1, 0.5-1.0g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) is added as a dispersant, and the mixture is ultrasonically treated for 30 minutes (power 400-600W) before separation and drying.

[0077] The specific working process of this embodiment is as follows: Before using magnetic carbon 1, it needs to be pretreated. First, for dispersion and activation, take magnetic carbon 1 powder (1-5g), add 10mL of anhydrous ethanol and stir until it becomes a paste. Then transfer it to 100mL of deionized water and sonicate it (200W, 15 minutes) to form a uniform suspension. This breaks up the agglomeration and exposes more adsorption sites. The treated suspension should be prepared and used immediately to avoid prolonged standing (<2 hours) to prevent secondary agglomeration.

[0078] When water is added to the tank 21 during use, the filter 26 filters impurities in the water, bringing the water to a slightly polluted state. Then, the transmission device 4 is activated to make the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 move. Then, pre-treated magnetic sludge-based biochar (M-SSC) is added, and the speed is reduced. Finally, the transmission device 4 can be restarted or the speed of the first magnet 32 ​​can be increased as needed to drive the water flow and enhance convection.

[0079] After adsorbing antibiotics in water, magnetic carbon 1 will be adsorbed on the surfaces of the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34 in a normal state. Magnetic carbon 1 will not preferentially adsorb the first magnet 32 ​​and the second magnet 34. Adsorption of antibiotics is a spontaneous thermodynamic process at the molecular scale, while magnetic attraction is a macroscopic particle migration process. There is a clear time difference and spatial partition between the two. The adsorption of CIP (ciprofloxacin) by magnetic carbon 1 is a synergistic effect of multiple mechanisms, with electrostatic attraction and π-π conjugated adsorption playing a decisive role.

[0080] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solutions based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device, characterized in that: The device includes magnetic carbon (1), a water tank (2), a magnetic field device (3), a transmission device (4), and a light-emitting component (5). The magnetic carbon (1) is in powder form and is placed inside the water tank (2). The magnetic field device (3) is located inside the water tank (2) and is connected to the transmission device (4) and the water tank (2). The transmission device (4) is located above the magnetic field device (3) and connected to the water tank (2). The transmission device (4) is connected to the light-emitting component (5). There are multiple sets of light-emitting components (5), all of which are vertically arranged inside the water tank (2) and are arranged along the length of the water tank (2).

2. The photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank (2) includes a tank body (21), a tank cover (22), a duckbill buckle (23), a valve (24), a liquid level sensor (25), and a filter screen (26). The tank cover (22) is located above the tank body (21). A set of duckbill buckles (23) is provided on both sides of the tank cover (22). The tank cover (22) is connected to the tank body (21) through the duckbill buckles (23). The magnetic field device (3) is located below the tank cover (22) and is connected to the tank cover (22). The transmission device (4) is located inside the tank cover (22). The valve (24) is located at the outlet of the tank body (21) and is connected to the tank body (21). The liquid level sensor (25) is located inside the water tank (2) and is located below the tank cover (22). The liquid level sensor (25) is connected to the tank cover (22). The filter screen (26) is located at the inlet of the tank body (21).

3. The photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic field device (3) includes a rotating shaft (31), a first magnet (32), a moving shaft (33), and a second magnet (34). Multiple sets of rotating shafts (31) are arranged along the length of the housing (21). The rotating shafts (31) are vertically oriented, and their top ends are inserted into the housing cover (22) and connected to the transmission device (4). Each set of rotating shafts (31) has three shafts, and these three shafts are arranged along the width of the housing (21). Each rotating shaft (31) is equipped with a set of first magnets (32). The first magnets (32) rotate in a specific direction. The rotating shaft (31) is arranged along the axial direction. There are two sets of moving shafts (33), both of which are arranged laterally inside the water tank (2). The two sets of moving shafts (33) are arranged along the length of the tank (21). Each set of moving shafts (33) has two shafts, and the two moving shafts (33) in the same set are arranged along the height of the tank (21). Each rotating shaft (31) is provided with a set of second magnets (34). The second magnets (34) are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (31). The first magnet (32) and the second magnet (34) are detachably connected to the rotating shaft (31) and the moving shaft (33).

4. The photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first magnet (32) and the second magnet (34) are located at the intersection of the moving axis (33) and the rotating axis (31).

5. The photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission device (4) includes a rotating component (41) and a reciprocating component (42). There are three sets of rotating components (41), all of which are located inside the cover (22) and are connected to three rotating shafts (31). There are two sets of reciprocating components (42), both of which are located inside the cover (22) and are positioned corresponding to the positions of the two moving shafts (33). The two sets of reciprocating components (42) are connected to the two moving shafts (33).

6. The photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (41) includes a first gear (411), a fixed frame (412), a second gear (413), a chain (414), a first motor (415), and a PLC controller (416). There are four first gears (411) connected to three rotating shafts (31) in the same group. Two first gears (411) are connected to the rotating shaft (31) in the middle position, and one first gear (411) is connected to each of the two rotating shafts (31) on either side. The fixed frame (412) is located on one side of the rotating shaft (31). There are two second gears (413) connected to the fixed frame (414). 2) Below and on the rotating shaft (31) on one side of the fixed frame (412), the first gear (411) and two second gears (413) on the two adjacent rotating shafts (31) are connected by a chain (414). The first motor (415) is located above the fixed frame (412) and the output end of the first motor (415) is connected to the second gear (413) located below the fixed frame (412). The PLC controller (416) is located inside the box cover (22) and is electrically connected to the first motor (415) and the second motor (421) of the reciprocating motion assembly (42).

7. The photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reciprocating moving assembly (42) includes a second motor (421), a moving rod (422), a rotating rod (423), a sliding rod (424), a slide rail (425), and a slider (426). The second motor (421) is located inside the cover (22). The moving rod (422) is vertically positioned at the output end of the second motor (421). The rotating rod (423) is positioned between the moving rod (422) and the motor, and one end of the rotating rod (423) is connected to the output shaft of the second motor (421). The other end of 423 is provided with a sliding rod (424), which is inserted into the groove at the end of the moving rod (422). There are two slide rails (425) and both are set inside the water tank (2). The two slide rails (425) are respectively set at both ends of the same group of moving shafts (33). The two slide rails (425) are each provided with a slider (426). The two ends of the three moving shafts (33) in the same group are respectively connected to the two sliders (426). The lower end of the moving rod (422) is connected to the slider (426) below it.

8. The photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Below the box cover (22) are multiple sets of light-transmitting tubes (6), each of which has a set of lighting components (5) inside. The light-transmitting tubes (6) are made of transparent material.

9. The photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The illumination component (5) includes an array base (51), an optical fiber (52), an LED (53), and a battery (54). The array base (51) is located inside the cover (22) and above the light-transmitting tube (6). There are multiple optical fibers (52) and they are all located inside the light-transmitting tube (6). The top of the optical fiber (52) is fixed on the array base (51). The optical fiber (52) used is a diffused optical fiber (52). Each array base (51) is equipped with an LED (53) above it and the LED (53) is connected to the cover (22). The battery (54) is on one side of the PLC controller (416) and is electrically connected to the PLC controller (416) and the LED (53).

10. The photomagnetic coupling synergistic dynamic adsorption micro-pollutant water treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic carbon (1) is manufactured using the following steps; Step 1: Sludge pretreatment: Take sludge with a moisture content of 80% after dewatering, place it in an electric constant temperature drying oven and dry it for 24 hours to remove free water. Then crush the dried sludge and filter it using a standard sieve to obtain sludge powder with uniform particle size. Step 2, Low-temperature carbonization under nitrogen protection: The sieved sludge powder is loaded into a vacuum atmosphere tube furnace, heated and maintained at the temperature under nitrogen protection, and then naturally cooled to room temperature after carbonization. The product, namely sludge-based biochar (SC), is then taken out. Step 3, sulfur doping modification: The weighed sludge-based biochar was added to analytical grade sulfuric acid, stirred and soaked. After soaking, it was transferred to a Buchner funnel for stirring and washing. Then, it was repeatedly rinsed with deionized water. The washed sample was then placed in a drying oven to dry, thus obtaining sulfur-doped sludge-based biochar (SSC). Step 4: Imparting magnetic response: Prepare a mixed solution of iron salts, and then place the mixed solution in a nitrogen atmosphere and stir for 10 minutes to remove dissolved oxygen from the solution; Step 5, In-situ co-precipitation loading reaction: Weigh out sludge-based biochar (SC) or sulfur-doped sludge-based biochar (SSC), add it to the above deoxygenated iron salt mixed solution, stir evenly under nitrogen protection, then add ammonia water, and then transfer the reaction system to a constant temperature water bath, and react for 2 hours while keeping it stirred. Step 6: Separation, washing and drying: After the reaction is completed, solid-liquid separation is performed using a magnet to collect the biochar loaded with magnetic components. Then, deionized water and analytical grade anhydrous ethanol are used alternately to wash away salts and impurities. The washed sample is then dried to finally obtain magnetic sludge-based biochar (M-SSC).

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